You can use the key
parameter to list.sort()
:
my_list.sort(key=lambda x: x[1])
or, slightly faster,
my_list.sort(key=operator.itemgetter(1))
(As with any module, you'll need to import operator
to be able to use it.)
list1 = (x[0] for x in source_list)
list2 = (x[1] for x in source_list)
Please consider the follwing codes:
from numpy import zeros
scores = zeros((len(chain1),len(chain2)), float)
Why do like tuples? It's like anonymous types: no names. Can not understand structure of data.
I like classic classes
class FoodItem
{
public int Position { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
List<FoodItem> list = new List<FoodItem>
{
new FoodItem { Position = 1, Name = "apple" },
new FoodItem { Position = 2, Name = "kiwi" }
};
The dict
constructor accepts input exactly as you have it (key/value tuples).
>>> l = [('a',1),('b',2)]
>>> d = dict(l)
>>> d
{'a': 1, 'b': 2}
From the documentation:
For example, these all return a dictionary equal to {"one": 1, "two": 2}:
dict(one=1, two=2) dict({'one': 1, 'two': 2}) dict(zip(('one', 'two'), (1, 2))) dict([['two', 2], ['one', 1]])
As a python neophyte, I just wanted to mention that if the data did actually look like this:
data = [('abc', 121),('abc', 231),('abc', 148), ('abc',221)]
then sorted()
would automatically sort by the second element in the tuple, as the first elements are all identical.
You Can write a class that contains the Tuple.
You need to override the Equals and GetHashCode functions
and the == and != operators.
class Program
{
public class MyTuple
{
private Tuple<int, int> t;
public MyTuple(int a, int b)
{
t = new Tuple<int, int>(a, b);
}
public int A
{
get
{
return t.Item1;
}
}
public int B
{
get
{
return t.Item2;
}
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
return t.Equals(((MyTuple)obj).t);
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return t.GetHashCode();
}
public static bool operator ==(MyTuple m1, MyTuple m2)
{
return m1.Equals(m2);
}
public static bool operator !=(MyTuple m1, MyTuple m2)
{
return !m1.Equals(m2);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var v1 = new MyTuple(1, 2);
var v2 = new MyTuple(1, 2);
Console.WriteLine(v1 == v2);
Dictionary<MyTuple, int> d = new Dictionary<MyTuple, int>();
d.Add(v1, 1);
Console.WriteLine(d.ContainsKey(v2));
}
}
will return:
True
True
Here are couple ways of doing it:
>>> t = ((1, 'a'), (2, 'b'))
>>> # using reversed function
>>> dict(reversed(i) for i in t)
{'a': 1, 'b': 2}
>>> # using slice operator
>>> dict(i[::-1] for i in t)
{'a': 1, 'b': 2}
This works:
''.join(('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'g', 'x', 'r', 'e'))
It will produce:
'abcdgxre'
You can also use a delimiter like a comma to produce:
'a,b,c,d,g,x,r,e'
By using:
','.join(('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'g', 'x', 'r', 'e'))
There is actually a clever way to do this that is useful for any list of tuples where the size of each tuple is 2: you can convert your list into a single dictionary.
For example,
test = [("hi", 1), ("there", 2)]
test = dict(test)
print test["hi"] # prints 1
Use defaultdict:
from collections import defaultdict
urls = defaultdict(int)
for url in list_of_urls:
urls[url] += 1
In the case of integers that are included at the string, if you want to avoid casting them to int
individually you can do:
mList = [int(e) if e.isdigit() else e for e in mStr.split(',')]
It is called list comprehension, and it is based on set builder notation.
ex:
>>> mStr = "1,A,B,3,4"
>>> mList = [int(e) if e.isdigit() else e for e in mStr.split(',')]
>>> mList
>>> [1,'A','B',3,4]
simple solution without class definition that returns tuple
import operator
tuple(map(operator.add,a,b))
This seems like the best choice to me:
val1, val2, ignored1, ignored2 = some_function()
It's not cryptic or ugly (like the func()[index] method), and clearly states your purpose.
Rather than:
first_element = myList[i[0]]
You probably want:
first_element = myList[i][0]
You can just do (a,)
. No need to use a function. (Note that the comma is necessary.)
Essentially, tuple(a)
means to make a tuple of the contents of a
, not a tuple consisting of just a
itself. The "contents" of a string (what you get when you iterate over it) are its characters, which is why it is split into characters.
Here's an alternative to list comprehensions. Map iterates through the list(s) (the latter arguments), doing so simulataneously, and passes their elements as arguments to the function (the first arg). It returns the resulting list.
import operator
map(operator.sub, a, b)
This code because has less syntax (which is more aesthetic for me), and apparently it's 40% faster for lists of length 5 (see bobince's comment). Still, either solution will work.
If you have named tuples you can do this:
results = [t.age for t in mylist if t.person_id == 10]
Otherwise use indexes:
results = [t[1] for t in mylist if t[0] == 10]
Or use tuple unpacking as per Nate's answer. Note that you don't have to give a meaningful name to every item you unpack. You can do (person_id, age, _, _, _, _)
to unpack a six item tuple.
Use max()
:
Using itemgetter()
:
In [53]: lis=[(101, 153), (255, 827), (361, 961)]
In [81]: from operator import itemgetter
In [82]: max(lis,key=itemgetter(1))[0] #faster solution
Out[82]: 361
using lambda
:
In [54]: max(lis,key=lambda item:item[1])
Out[54]: (361, 961)
In [55]: max(lis,key=lambda item:item[1])[0]
Out[55]: 361
timeit
comparison:
In [30]: %timeit max(lis,key=itemgetter(1))
1000 loops, best of 3: 232 us per loop
In [31]: %timeit max(lis,key=lambda item:item[1])
1000 loops, best of 3: 556 us per loop
Single elements of a tuple a
can be accessed -in an indexed array-like fashion-
via a[0]
, a[1]
, ... depending on the number of elements in the tuple.
If your tuple is a=(3,"a")
a[0]
yields 3
,a[1]
yields "a"
def tup():
return (3, "hello")
tup()
returns a 2-tuple.
In order to "solve"
i = 5 + tup() # I want to add just the three
you select the 3 by
tup()[0| #first element
so in total
i = 5 + tup()[0]
Go with namedtuple that allows you to access tuple elements by name (and by index). Details at https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.html#collections.namedtuple
>>> import collections
>>> MyTuple=collections.namedtuple("MyTuple", "mynumber, mystring")
>>> m = MyTuple(3, "hello")
>>> m[0]
3
>>> m.mynumber
3
>>> m[1]
'hello'
>>> m.mystring
'hello'
The difference between a tuple and a class is that a tuple has no property names. This is almost never a good thing, and I would only use a tuple when the arguments are fairly meaningless like in an abstract math formula Eg. abstract calculus over 5,6,7 dimensions might take a tuple for the coordinates.
A list comprehension is absolutely the way to do this. Another way that should be faster is map
and itemgetter
.
import operator
new_list = map(operator.itemgetter(1), old_list)
In response to the comment that the OP couldn't find an answer on google, I'll point out a super naive way to do it.
new_list = []
for item in old_list:
new_list.append(item[1])
This uses:
append
method on a list.If somebody is trying to learn a language and can't put together these basic pieces for themselves, then they need to view it as an exercise and do it themselves even if it takes twenty hours.
One needs to learn how to think about what one wants and compare that to the available tools. Every element in my second answer should be covered in a basic tutorial. You cannot learn to program without reading one.
You can use map lambda
a = [2,3,4]
b = [5,6,7]
c = map(lambda x,y:(x,y),a,b)
This will also work if there lengths of original lists do not match
Tuples and lists are both seemingly similar sequence types in Python.
Literal syntax
We use parenthesis () to construct tuples and square brackets
[ ]
to get a new list. Also, we can use call of the appropriate type to get required structure — tuple or list.
someTuple = (4,6)
someList = [2,6]
Mutability
Tuples are immutable, while lists are mutable. This point is the base the for the following ones.
Memory usage
Due to mutability, you need more memory for lists and less memory for tuples.
Extending
You can add a new element to both tuples and lists with the only difference that the id of the tuple will be changed (i.e., we’ll have a new object).
Hashing
Tuples are hashable and lists are not. It means that you can use a tuple as a key in a dictionary. The list can't be used as a key in a dictionary, whereas a tuple can be used
tup = (1,2)
list_ = [1,2]
c = {tup : 1} # ok
c = {list_ : 1} # error
Semantics
This point is more about best practice. You should use tuples as heterogeneous data structures, while lists are homogenous sequences.
This type of data is efficiently pulled from a Trie-like data structure. It also allows for fast sorting. The memory efficiency might not be that great though.
A traditional trie stores each letter of a word as a node in the tree. But in your case your "alphabet" is different. You are storing strings instead of characters.
it might look something like this:
root: Root
/|\
/ | \
/ | \
fruit: Banana Apple Strawberry
/ | | \
/ | | \
color: Blue Yellow Green Blue
/ | | \
/ | | \
end: 24 100 12 0
see this link: trie in python
There's a strong culture of tuples being for heterogeneous collections, similar to what you'd use struct
s for in C, and lists being for homogeneous collections, similar to what you'd use arrays for. But I've never quite squared this with the mutability issue mentioned in the other answers. Mutability has teeth to it (you actually can't change a tuple), while homogeneity is not enforced, and so seems to be a much less interesting distinction.
from operator import itemgetter
data.sort(key=itemgetter(1))
Generally, you can use the func(*tuple)
syntax. You can even pass a part of the tuple, which seems like what you're trying to do here:
t = (2010, 10, 2, 11, 4, 0, 2, 41, 0)
dt = datetime.datetime(*t[0:7])
This is called unpacking a tuple, and can be used for other iterables (such as lists) too. Here's another example (from the Python tutorial):
>>> range(3, 6) # normal call with separate arguments
[3, 4, 5]
>>> args = [3, 6]
>>> range(*args) # call with arguments unpacked from a list
[3, 4, 5]
It has nothing to do with append
. tuple(3, 4)
all by itself raises that error.
The reason is that, as the error message says, tuple
expects an iterable argument. You can make a tuple of the contents of a single object by passing that single object to tuple. You can't make a tuple of two things by passing them as separate arguments.
Just do (3, 4)
to make a tuple, as in your first example. There's no reason not to use that simple syntax for writing a tuple.
As an extension to @maerics nice answer, I've added a few useful methods:
public class Tuple<X, Y> {
public final X x;
public final Y y;
public Tuple(X x, Y y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "(" + x + "," + y + ")";
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object other) {
if (other == this) {
return true;
}
if (!(other instanceof Tuple)){
return false;
}
Tuple<X,Y> other_ = (Tuple<X,Y>) other;
// this may cause NPE if nulls are valid values for x or y. The logic may be improved to handle nulls properly, if needed.
return other_.x.equals(this.x) && other_.y.equals(this.y);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + ((x == null) ? 0 : x.hashCode());
result = prime * result + ((y == null) ? 0 : y.hashCode());
return result;
}
}
In a thread on comp.lang.java.help
, Hunter Gratzner gives some arguments against the presence of a Pair
construct in Java. The main argument is that a class Pair
doesn't convey any semantics about the relationship between the two values (how do you know what "first" and "second" mean ?).
A better practice is to write a very simple class, like the one Mike proposed, for each application you would have made of the Pair
class. Map.Entry
is an example of a pair that carry its meaning in its name.
To sum up, in my opinion it is better to have a class Position(x,y)
, a class Range(begin,end)
and a class Entry(key,value)
rather than a generic Pair(first,second)
that doesn't tell me anything about what it's supposed to do.
Tuples are known values which is used to relate the table in relational DB.
We can generate tuples from a list comprehension. The following one adds two numbers sequentially into a tuple and gives a list from numbers 0-9.
>>> print k
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99]
>>> r= [tuple(k[i:i+2]) for i in xrange(10) if not i%2]
>>> print r
[(0, 1), (2, 3), (4, 5), (6, 7), (8, 9)]
Use zip(*list)
:
>>> l = [(1,2), (3,4), (8,9)]
>>> list(zip(*l))
[(1, 3, 8), (2, 4, 9)]
The zip()
function pairs up the elements from all inputs, starting with the first values, then the second, etc. By using *l
you apply all tuples in l
as separate arguments to the zip()
function, so zip()
pairs up 1
with 3
with 8
first, then 2
with 4
and 9
. Those happen to correspond nicely with the columns, or the transposition of l
.
zip()
produces tuples; if you must have mutable list objects, just map()
the tuples to lists or use a list comprehension to produce a list of lists:
map(list, zip(*l)) # keep it a generator
[list(t) for t in zip(*l)] # consume the zip generator into a list of lists
You have a tuple of tuples.
To convert every tuple to a list:
[list(i) for i in level] # list of lists
--- OR ---
map(list, level)
And after you are done editing, just convert them back:
tuple(tuple(i) for i in edited) # tuple of tuples
--- OR --- (Thanks @jamylak)
tuple(itertools.imap(tuple, edited))
You can also use a numpy array:
>>> a = numpy.array(level1)
>>> a
array([[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]])
For manipulating:
if clicked[0] == 1:
x = (mousey + cameraY) // 60 # For readability
y = (mousex + cameraX) // 60 # For readability
a[x][y] = 1
>>> x = (u'2',)
>>> x += u"random string"
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#11>", line 1, in <module>
x += u"random string"
TypeError: can only concatenate tuple (not "unicode") to tuple
>>> x += (u"random string", ) # concatenate a one-tuple instead
>>> x
(u'2', u'random string')
Inspired by this question, I found this quite elegant:
>>> tuple_list = [("pineapple", 5), ("cherry", 7), ("kumquat", 3), ("plum", 11)]
>>> next(i for i, t in enumerate(tuple_list) if t[1] == 7)
1
>>> next(i for i, t in enumerate(tuple_list) if t[0] == "kumquat")
2
Note that you can also expand part of argument list:
myfun(1, *("foo", "bar"))
Maybe you want dictionaries?
d = dict( (i,value) for i,value in enumerate(tple))
while d:
bla bla bla
del b[x]
I don't think that you'll like it but I made a pair port for python :) using it is some how similar to c++
pair = Pair
pair.make_pair(value1, value2)
or
pair = Pair(value1, value2)
here's the source code pair_stl_for_python
EDIT: This doesn't work on tuples with duplicate entries yet!!
Based on Pooya's idea:
If you are planning on doing this often (which you shouldn't since tuples are inmutable for a reason) you should do something like this:
def modTupByIndex(tup, index, ins):
return tuple(tup[0:index]) + (ins,) + tuple(tup[index+1:])
print modTupByIndex((1,2,3),2,"a")
Or based on Jon's idea:
def modTupByIndex(tup, index, ins):
lst = list(tup)
lst[index] = ins
return tuple(lst)
print modTupByIndex((1,2,3),1,"a")
You might have done something like this:
>>> tuple = 45, 34 # You used `tuple` as a variable here
>>> tuple
(45, 34)
>>> l = [4, 5, 6]
>>> tuple(l) # Will try to invoke the variable `tuple` rather than tuple type.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#10>", line 1, in <module>
tuple(l)
TypeError: 'tuple' object is not callable
>>>
>>> del tuple # You can delete the object tuple created earlier to make it work
>>> tuple(l)
(4, 5, 6)
Here's the problem... Since you have used a tuple
variable to hold a tuple (45, 34)
earlier... So, now tuple
is an object
of type tuple
now...
It is no more a type
and hence, it is no more Callable
.
Never
use any built-in types as your variable name... You do have any other name to use. Use any arbitrary name for your variable instead...
I made a tuple implementation that works quite well. This solution allows for array destructuring, as well as basic type-cheking.
const Tuple = (function() {
function Tuple() {
// Tuple needs at least one element
if (arguments.length < 1) {
throw new Error('Tuple needs at least one element');
}
const args = { ...arguments };
// Define a length property (equal to the number of arguments provided)
Object.defineProperty(this, 'length', {
value: arguments.length,
writable: false
});
// Assign values to enumerable properties
for (let i in args) {
Object.defineProperty(this, i, {
enumerable: true,
get() {
return args[+i];
},
// Checking if the type of the provided value matches that of the existing value
set(value) {
if (typeof value !== typeof args[+i]) {
throw new Error('Cannot assign ' + typeof value + ' on ' + typeof args[+i]);
}
args[+i] = value;
}
});
}
// Implementing iteration with Symbol.iterator (allows for array destructuring as well for...of loops)
this[Symbol.iterator] = function() {
const tuple = this;
return {
current: 0,
last: tuple.length - 1,
next() {
if (this.current <= this.last) {
let val = { done: false, value: tuple[this.current] };
this.current++;
return val;
} else {
return { done: true };
}
}
};
};
// Sealing the object to make sure no more values can be added to tuple
Object.seal(this);
}
// check if provided object is a tuple
Tuple.isTuple = function(obj) {
return obj instanceof Tuple;
};
// Misc. for making the tuple more readable when printing to the console
Tuple.prototype.toString = function() {
const copyThis = { ...this };
const values = Object.values(copyThis);
return `(${values.join(', ')})`;
};
// conctat two instances of Tuple
Tuple.concat = function(obj1, obj2) {
if (!Tuple.isTuple(obj1) || !Tuple.isTuple(obj2)) {
throw new Error('Cannot concat Tuple with ' + typeof (obj1 || obj2));
}
const obj1Copy = { ...obj1 };
const obj2Copy = { ...obj2 };
const obj1Items = Object.values(obj1Copy);
const obj2Items = Object.values(obj2Copy);
return new Tuple(...obj1Items, ...obj2Items);
};
return Tuple;
})();
const SNAKE_COLOR = new Tuple(0, 220, 10);
const [red, green, blue] = SNAKE_COLOR;
console.log(green); // => 220
Another way brackets and parentheses differ is that square brackets can describe a list comprehension, e.g. [x for x in y]
Whereas the corresponding parenthetic syntax specifies a tuple generator: (x for x in y)
You can get a tuple comprehension using: tuple(x for x in y)
[k for k,v in l if v =='delicia']
here l is the list of tuples-[(1,"juca"),(22,"james"),(53,"xuxa"),(44,"delicia")]
And instead of converting it to a dict, we are using llist comprehension.
*Key* in Key,Value in list, where value = **delicia**
You can start with a blank tuple with something like t = ()
. You can add with +
, but you have to add another tuple. If you want to add a single element, make it a singleton: t = t + (element,)
. You can add a tuple of multiple elements with or without that trailing comma.
>>> t = ()
>>> t = t + (1,)
>>> t
(1,)
>>> t = t + (2,)
>>> t
(1, 2)
>>> t = t + (3, 4, 5)
>>> t
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
>>> t = t + (6, 7, 8,)
>>> t
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
What about this:
from operator import itemgetter
itemgetter(0,2,3)(myList)
('foo', 'baz', 'quux')
n = 1 # N. . .
[x[n] for x in elements]
You're looking for the zip builtin function. From the docs:
>>> x = [1, 2, 3]
>>> y = [4, 5, 6]
>>> zipped = zip(x, y)
>>> zipped
[(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)]
You can do this. It looks more wordy than a tuple, but it's a big improvement because you get type checking.
Edit: Replaced snippet with complete working example, following Nick's suggestion. Playground link: http://play.golang.org/p/RNx_otTFpk
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
queue := make(chan struct {string; int})
go sendPair(queue)
pair := <-queue
fmt.Println(pair.string, pair.int)
}
func sendPair(queue chan struct {string; int}) {
queue <- struct {string; int}{"http:...", 3}
}
Anonymous structs and fields are fine for quick and dirty solutions like this. For all but the simplest cases though, you'd do better to define a named struct just like you did.
OUTPUTS = []
for number in range(len(list_of_tuples))):
tup_ = list_of_tuples[number]
list_ = list(tup_)
item_ = list_[0] + list_[1] + list_[2] + list_[3]
list_.append(item_)
OUTPUTS.append(tuple(list_))
OUTPUTS is what you desire
A Dictionary is a HashMap it stores map of your keys, value converted to a hashed new key and value mapping.
something like (psuedo code):
{key : val}
hash(key) = val
If you are wondering which are available options that can be used as key for your dictionary. Then
anything which is hashable(can be converted to hash, and hold static value i.e immutable so as to make a hashed key as stated above) is eligible but as list or set objects can be vary on the go so hash(key) should also needs to vary just to be in sync with your list or set.
You can try :
hash(<your key here>)
If it works fine it can be used as key for your dictionary or else convert it to something hashable.
Inshort :
tuple(<your list>)
.str(<your list>)
.In [10]: df
Out[10]:
A B lat long
0 1.428987 0.614405 0.484370 -0.628298
1 -0.485747 0.275096 0.497116 1.047605
2 0.822527 0.340689 2.120676 -2.436831
3 0.384719 -0.042070 1.426703 -0.634355
4 -0.937442 2.520756 -1.662615 -1.377490
5 -0.154816 0.617671 -0.090484 -0.191906
6 -0.705177 -1.086138 -0.629708 1.332853
7 0.637496 -0.643773 -0.492668 -0.777344
8 1.109497 -0.610165 0.260325 2.533383
9 -1.224584 0.117668 1.304369 -0.152561
In [11]: df['lat_long'] = df[['lat', 'long']].apply(tuple, axis=1)
In [12]: df
Out[12]:
A B lat long lat_long
0 1.428987 0.614405 0.484370 -0.628298 (0.484370195967, -0.6282975278)
1 -0.485747 0.275096 0.497116 1.047605 (0.497115615839, 1.04760475074)
2 0.822527 0.340689 2.120676 -2.436831 (2.12067574274, -2.43683074367)
3 0.384719 -0.042070 1.426703 -0.634355 (1.42670326172, -0.63435462504)
4 -0.937442 2.520756 -1.662615 -1.377490 (-1.66261469102, -1.37749004179)
5 -0.154816 0.617671 -0.090484 -0.191906 (-0.0904840623396, -0.191905582481)
6 -0.705177 -1.086138 -0.629708 1.332853 (-0.629707821728, 1.33285348929)
7 0.637496 -0.643773 -0.492668 -0.777344 (-0.492667604075, -0.777344111021)
8 1.109497 -0.610165 0.260325 2.533383 (0.26032456699, 2.5333825651)
9 -1.224584 0.117668 1.304369 -0.152561 (1.30436900612, -0.152560909725)
Tuples are compared position by position: the first item of the first tuple is compared to the first item of the second tuple; if they are not equal (i.e. the first is greater or smaller than the second) then that's the result of the comparison, else the second item is considered, then the third and so on.
See Common Sequence Operations:
Sequences of the same type also support comparisons. In particular, tuples and lists are compared lexicographically by comparing corresponding elements. This means that to compare equal, every element must compare equal and the two sequences must be of the same type and have the same length.
Also Value Comparisons for further details:
Lexicographical comparison between built-in collections works as follows:
- For two collections to compare equal, they must be of the same type, have the same length, and each pair of corresponding elements must compare equal (for example,
[1,2] == (1,2)
is false because the type is not the same).- Collections that support order comparison are ordered the same as their first unequal elements (for example,
[1,2,x] <= [1,2,y]
has the same value asx <= y
). If a corresponding element does not exist, the shorter collection is ordered first (for example,[1,2] < [1,2,3]
is true).
If not equal, the sequences are ordered the same as their first differing elements. For example, cmp([1,2,x], [1,2,y]) returns the same as cmp(x,y). If the corresponding element does not exist, the shorter sequence is considered smaller (for example, [1,2] < [1,2,3] returns True).
Note 1: <
and >
do not mean "smaller than" and "greater than" but "is before" and "is after": so (0, 1) "is before" (1, 0).
Note 2: tuples must not be considered as vectors in a n-dimensional space, compared according to their length.
Note 3: referring to question https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36911617/python-2-tuple-comparison: do not think that a tuple is "greater" than another only if any element of the first is greater than the corresponding one in the second.
If for some reason you really want to avoid creating your own Tuple class, or using on built into .NET 4.0, there is one other approach possible; you can combine the three key values together into a single value.
For example, if the three values are integer types together not taking more than 64 bits, you could combine them into a ulong
.
Worst-case you can always use a string, as long as you make sure the three components in it are delimited with some character or sequence that does not occur inside the components of the key, for example, with three numbers you could try:
string.Format("{0}#{1}#{2}", key1, key2, key3)
There is obviously some composition overhead in this approach, but depending on what you are using it for this may be trivial enough not to care about it.
In Python inside there is a good use of container called a named tuple, it can be used to create a definition of class and has all the features of the original tuple.
Using named tuple will be directly applied to the default class template to generate a simple class, this method allows a lot of code to improve readability and it is also very convenient when defining a class.
There is comma missing in your tuple.
insert the comma between the tuples as shown:
pack_size = (('1', '1'),('3', '3'),(b, b),(h, h),(d, d), (e, e),(r, r))
Do the same for all
As an alternative answer, if you Visual Studio SSDT or possibly Red Gate Sql Compare, you could simply run a schema comparison, script it out, drop the old database (possibly make a backup first in case there would be a reason that you will need that data), and then create a new database with the script created by the comparison tool. While on a very small database this may be more work, on a very large database it will be much quicker to simply drop the database then to deal with the different triggers and constraints that may be on the database.
How about using readlink
?
# if symlink, readlink returns not empty string (the symlink target)
# if string is not empty, test exits w/ 0 (normal)
#
# if non symlink, readlink returns empty string
# if string is empty, test exits w/ 1 (error)
simlink? () {
test "$(readlink "${1}")";
}
FILE=/usr/mda
if simlink? "${FILE}"; then
echo $FILE is a symlink
else
echo $FILE is not a symlink
fi
Please check this code, it works fine for me.
$data = array('shopid'=>3,'version'=> 1,'value=>1'); //here $data is dummy varaible
error_log(print_r($data,true), 3, $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']."/your-file-name.log");
//In $data we can mention the error messege and create the log
Another way to accomplish this is with the jq "--arg" flag. Using the original example:
#!/bin/sh
#this works ***
projectID=$(cat file.json | jq -r '.resource[] |
select(.username=="[email protected]") | .id')
echo "$projectID"
[email protected]
# Use --arg to pass the variable to jq. This should work:
projectID=$(cat file.json | jq --arg EMAILID $EMAILID -r '.resource[]
| select(.username=="$EMAILID") | .id')
echo "$projectID"
See here, which is where I found this solution: https://github.com/stedolan/jq/issues/626
Android changed how permissions work with Android 6.0 that's the reason for your errors. You have to actually request and check if the permission was granted by user to use. So permissions in manifest file will only work for api below 21. Check this link for a snippet of how permissions are requested in api23 http://android-developers.blogspot.nl/2015/09/google-play-services-81-and-android-60.html?m=1
Code:-
If (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) !=
PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, STORAGE_PERMISSION_RC);
return;
}`
` @Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
if (requestCode == STORAGE_PERMISSION_RC) {
if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
//permission granted start reading
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "No permission to read external storage.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
}
If possible, check out SSIS (SQL Server Integration Services). I am just getting my feet wet with this toolkit, but already am looping over 40+ servers and preparing to wreak all kinds of havoc ;)
If you set unique parameters, then the cache does not work, for example:
$.ajax({
url : "my_url",
data : {
'uniq_param' : (new Date()).getTime(),
//other data
}});
Try something like this inside ThisOutlookSession
:
Private Sub Application_NewMail()
Call Your_main_macro
End Sub
My outlook vba just fired when I received an email and had that application event open.
Edit: I just tested a hello world msg box and it ran after being called in the application_newmail
event when an email was received.
For drawing just the arrow, there is an easier method:-
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
ax.set_aspect("equal")
#draw the arrow
ax.quiver(0,0,0,1,1,1,length=1.0)
plt.show()
quiver can actually be used to plot multiple vectors at one go. The usage is as follows:- [ from http://matplotlib.org/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/tutorial.html?highlight=quiver#mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.Axes3D.quiver]
quiver(X, Y, Z, U, V, W, **kwargs)
Arguments:
X, Y, Z: The x, y and z coordinates of the arrow locations
U, V, W: The x, y and z components of the arrow vectors
The arguments could be array-like or scalars.
Keyword arguments:
length: [1.0 | float] The length of each quiver, default to 1.0, the unit is the same with the axes
arrow_length_ratio: [0.3 | float] The ratio of the arrow head with respect to the quiver, default to 0.3
pivot: [ ‘tail’ | ‘middle’ | ‘tip’ ] The part of the arrow that is at the grid point; the arrow rotates about this point, hence the name pivot. Default is ‘tail’
normalize: [False | True] When True, all of the arrows will be the same length. This defaults to False, where the arrows will be different lengths depending on the values of u,v,w.
Follow this, it can be like what you are looking:
var obj = {_x000D_
Objone: 'one',_x000D_
Objtwo: 'two'_x000D_
};_x000D_
_x000D_
var key = "Objone";_x000D_
delete obj[key];_x000D_
console.log(obj); // prints { "objtwo": two}
_x000D_
It doesn't make a lot of sense, the original GAC was already quite capable of storing different versions of assemblies. And there's little reason to assume a program will ever accidentally reference the wrong assembly, all the .NET 4 assemblies got the [AssemblyVersion] bumped up to 4.0.0.0. The new in-process side-by-side feature should not change this.
My guess: there were already too many .NET projects out there that broke the "never reference anything in the GAC directly" rule. I've seen it done on this site several times.
Only one way to avoid breaking those projects: move the GAC. Back-compat is sacred at Microsoft.
You can use top or ps commands to check the CPU usage.
using top : This will show you the cpu stats
top -b -n 1 |grep ^Cpu
using ps: This will show you the % cpu usage for each process.
ps -eo pcpu,pid,user,args | sort -r -k1 | less
Also, you can write a small script in bash or perl to read /proc/stat and calculate the CPU usage.
That's the for each loop syntax. It is looping through each object in the collection returned by objectListing.getObjectSummaries()
.
I'm Maybe kind of late but here is a way to have a redirect for your website and another link if it does not do in auto redirect for them,
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="5; url=YOUR_URL_HERE" />
<script type="text/javascript">
window.location.href = "site";
</script>
<title>Page Redirection</title>
<!-- Note: don't tell people to `click` the link, just tell them that it is a link. -->
If you are not redirected automatically, follow this <a href="/site">Link</a>
Default values are only used if the arguments are not specified. In your case you did specify the arguments - both were supplied, with a value of NULL. (Yes, in this case NULL is considered a real value :-). Try:
EXEC TEST()
Share and enjoy.
Addendum: The default values for procedure parameters are certainly buried in a system table somewhere (see the SYS.ALL_ARGUMENTS
view), but getting the default value out of the view involves extracting text from a LONG field, and is probably going to prove to be more painful than it's worth. The easy way is to add some code to the procedure:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE TEST(X IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'P',
Y IN NUMBER DEFAULT 1)
AS
varX VARCHAR2(32767) := NVL(X, 'P');
varY NUMBER := NVL(Y, 1);
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('X=' || varX || ' -- ' || 'Y=' || varY);
END TEST;
Microsoft Message Analyzer is the successor of the Microsoft Network Monitor 3.4
If your http incoming traffic is going to your web server at 58000 port, start the Analyzer in Administrator mode and click new session:
use filter: tcp.Port = 58000 and HTTP
trace scenario: "Local Network Interfaces (Win 8 and earlier)" or "Local Network Interfaces (Win 8.1 and later)" depends on your OS
Parsing Level: Full
For editing this is possible in nano
via +n
from command line, e.g.,
nano +16 file.txt
To open file.txt
to line 16.
I am not clearly about it but typically one server has one database (with many users), if you create many databases mean that you create many instances, listeners, ... as well. So you can check your LISTENER
to identify it.
In my testing I created 2 databases (dbtest
and dbtest_1
) so when I check my LISTENER status it appeared like this:
lsnrctl status
....
STATUS of the LISTENER
.....
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.10.20.20)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "dbtest" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "dbtest", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "dbtest1XDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "dbtest1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "dbtest_1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "dbtest1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
You need an external tool, in example: SoftInterface.com - Convert XLSX to CSV.
After installing it, you can use following command in your batch:
"c:\Program Files\Softinterface, Inc\Convert XLS\ConvertXLS.EXE" /S"C:\MyExcelFile.xlsx" /F51 /N"Sheet1" /T"C:\MyExcelFile.CSV" /C6 /M1 /V
A single-line solution that helps me is this one. Just substitute 3000 with your port:
$P = Get-Process -Id (Get-NetTCPConnection -LocalPort 3000).OwningProcess; Stop-Process $P.Id
Edit: Changed kill
to Stop-Process
for more PowerShell-like language
If you're just using a python datetime.date (not a full datetime.datetime), just cast the date as a string. This is very simple and works for me (mysql, python 2.7, Ubuntu). The column published_date
is a MySQL date field, the python variable publish_date
is datetime.date
.
# make the record for the passed link info
sql_stmt = "INSERT INTO snippet_links (" + \
"link_headline, link_url, published_date, author, source, coco_id, link_id)" + \
"VALUES(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s) ;"
sql_data = ( title, link, str(publish_date), \
author, posted_by, \
str(coco_id), str(link_id) )
try:
dbc.execute(sql_stmt, sql_data )
except Exception, e:
...
Please do not take this as an answer to the question. It is not, but an advice related to exploiting the difference of int and float. I would have put this under a comment except that the answer box allows me to format this comment.
This feature has been used in every respectable programming language since the days of fortran (or earlier) - I must confess I was once a Fortran and Cobol punch card programmer.
As an example, integer division of 10/3 yields integer value 3 since an integer has no facility to hold fractional residual .3333.. .
One of the ways we (old time ancient programmers) had been using this feature is loop control.
Let's say we wish to print an array of 1000 strings, but we wish to insert a line break after every 15th string, to insert some prettyfying chars at the end of the line and at the beginning of the next line. We exploit this, given that integer k is the position of a string in that array.
int(k/15)*15 == k
is true only when k is divisible by 15, an occurrence at a frequency of every 15th cell. Which is akin to what my friend said about his grandfather's dead watch being accurate twice a day.
int(1/15) = 0 -> int(1/15)*15 = 0
int(2/15) = 0 -> int(2/15)*15 = 0
...
int(14/15) = 0 -> int(14/15)*15 = 0
int(15/15) = 1 -> int(15/15)*15 = 15
int(16/15) = 1 -> int(16/15)*15 = 15
int(17/15) = 1 -> int(17/15)*15 = 15
...
int(29/15) = 1 -> int(29/15)*15 = 15
int(30/15) = 2 -> int(30/15)*15 = 30
Therefore, the loop,
leftPrettyfy();
for(int k=0; k<sa.length; k++){
print(sa[k]);
int z = k + 1;
if ((z/15)*15 == z){
rightPrettyfy();
leftPrettyfy();
}
}
By varying k in a fanciful way in the loop, we could print a triangular printout
1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
That is to demonstrate that, if you consider this a bug, this "bug" is a useful feature that we would not want to be removed from any of the various languages that we have used thus far.
I am not sure if something has changed, but I just tried the other answers regarding entries in "eclipse.ini" for Eclipse Galileo SR2 (Windows XP SR3) and none worked. Java is jdk1.6.0_18 and is the default Windows install. Things improved when I dropped "\javaw.exe" from the path.
Also, I can't thank enough the mention that -vm
needs to be first line in the ini file. I believe that really helped me out.
Thus my eclipse.ini file starts with:
-vm
C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_18\bin
FYI, my particular need to specify launching Eclipse with a JDK arose from my wanting to work with the m2eclipse plugin.
You will need to repeat your call to strtol
inside your loops where you are asking the user to try again. In fact, if you make the loop a do { ... } while(...);
instead of while, you don't get a the same sort of repeat things twice behaviour.
You should also format your code so that it's possible to see where the code is inside a loop and not.
AllDogs.First(d => d.Id == "2").Name = "some value";
However, a safer version of that might be this:
var dog = AllDogs.FirstOrDefault(d => d.Id == "2");
if (dog != null) { dog.Name = "some value"; }
or if your using vi mode, hit Esc followed by cc
to get back what you just erased, Esc and then p :)
os.system('command')
returns a 16 bit number, which first 8 bits from left(lsb) talks about signal used by os to close the command, Next 8 bits talks about return code of command.
Refer my answer for more detail in What is the return value of os.system() in Python?
From GC Performance Tuning training documents of Oracle:
-Xmn[size]: Size of young generation heap space.
Applications with emphasis on performance tend to use -Xmn to size the young generation, because it combines the use of -XX:MaxNewSize and -XX:NewSize and almost always explicitly sets -XX:PermSize and -XX:MaxPermSize to the same value.
In short, it sets the NewSize and MaxNewSize values of New generation to the same value.
You can use GUI to add these gradle command line flags from
File > Settings > Build, Execution, Deployment > Compiler
For MacOS user, it's here
Android Studio > Preferences > Build, Execution, Deployment > Compiler
like this (add --stacktrace
or --debug
)
Note that the screenshot is from before 0.8.10, the option is no longer in the Compiler > Gradle
section, it's now in a separate section named Compiler (Gradle-based Android Project)
throw something
works with both object and strings.But it is less supported than the other method.throw new Error("")
Will only work with strings and turns objects into useless [Object obj] in the catch block.
You probably want to use "eq" instead of "==". If you worry about some edge cases you may also want to check for undefined:
if (not defined $str) {
# this variable is undefined
}
I'm not sure if this will work for your actual use, but it works in your test case - updated at http://jsfiddle.net/sTD8y/27/ .
I just made it so that the built-in revert is only used if the item has not been dropped before. If it has been dropped, the revert is done manually. You could adjust this to animate to some calculated offset by checking the actual CSS properties, but I'll let you play with that because a lot of it depends on the CSS of the draggable and it's surrounding DOM structure.
$(function() {
$("#draggable").draggable({
revert: function(dropped) {
var $draggable = $(this),
hasBeenDroppedBefore = $draggable.data('hasBeenDropped'),
wasJustDropped = dropped && dropped[0].id == "droppable";
if(wasJustDropped) {
// don't revert, it's in the droppable
return false;
} else {
if (hasBeenDroppedBefore) {
// don't rely on the built in revert, do it yourself
$draggable.animate({ top: 0, left: 0 }, 'slow');
return false;
} else {
// just let the built in revert work, although really, you could animate to 0,0 here as well
return true;
}
}
}
});
$("#droppable").droppable({
activeClass: 'ui-state-hover',
hoverClass: 'ui-state-active',
drop: function(event, ui) {
$(this).addClass('ui-state-highlight').find('p').html('Dropped!');
$(ui.draggable).data('hasBeenDropped', true);
}
});
});
When define some member variable outside any member method, the variable can be either static or non-static depending on how the variable is expressed.
For example:
#!/usr/bin/python
class A:
var=1
def printvar(self):
print "self.var is %d" % self.var
print "A.var is %d" % A.var
a = A()
a.var = 2
a.printvar()
A.var = 3
a.printvar()
The results are
self.var is 2
A.var is 1
self.var is 2
A.var is 3
Am I missing something?
Yes. ;-)
This phenomenon exists because of the uniform interface constraint. REST likes using already existing standards instead of reinventing the wheel. The HTTP standard has already proven to be highly scalable (the web is working for a while). Why should we fix something which is not broken?!
note: The uniform interface constraint is important if you want to decouple the clients from the service. It is similar to defining interfaces for classes in order to decouple them from each other. Ofc. in here the uniform interface consists of standards like HTTP, MIME types, URI, RDF, linked data vocabs, hydra vocab, etc...
I was facing similar issue on my mac, and I found that docker wasn't running in my machine, I just went to applications and invoked whale and then it worked .
Similar to Bass, I had to also set the overflow-y. That could actually be done in the CSS
$('#myModal').on('show.bs.modal', function () {
$('.modal .modal-body').css('overflow-y', 'auto');
$('.modal .modal-body').css('max-height', $(window).height() * 0.7);
});
While you can do
value = d.values()[index]
It should be faster to do
value = next( v for i, v in enumerate(d.itervalues()) if i == index )
edit: I just timed it using a dict of len 100,000,000 checking for the index at the very end, and the 1st/values() version took 169 seconds whereas the 2nd/next() version took 32 seconds.
Also, note that this assumes that your index is not negative
Three simple rules:
#import
the super class, and adopted protocols, in header files (.h
files).#import
all classes, and protocols, you send messages to in implementation (.m
files).If you do forward declaration in the implementation files, then you probably do something wrong.
I deleted
node_modules
and then reinstalled by
npm install
It worked for me
When writing code you generally don't want to repeat yourself. If you have an class that can be constructed with various numbers of parameters a common solution to avoid repeating yourself is to simply call another constructor with defaults in the missing arguments. There is only one annoying restriction to this - it must be the first line of the declared constructor. Example:
MyClass()
{
this(default1, default2);
}
MyClass(arg1, arg2)
{
validate arguments, etc...
note that your validation logic is only written once now
}
As for the super()
constructor, again unlike super.method()
access it must be the first line of your constructor. After that it is very much like the this()
constructors, DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself), if the class you extend has a constructor that does some of what you want then use it and then continue with constructing your object, example:
YourClass extends MyClass
{
YourClass(arg1, arg2, arg3)
{
super(arg1, arg2) // calls MyClass(arg1, arg2)
validate and process arg3...
}
}
Additional information:
Even though you don't see it, the default no argument constructor always calls super()
first. Example:
MyClass()
{
}
is equivalent to
MyClass()
{
super();
}
I see that many have mentioned using the this
and super
keywords on methods and variables - all good. Just remember that constructors have unique restrictions on their usage, most notable is that they must be the very first instruction of the declared constructor and you can only use one.
If you have firebug, there's a break on all errors option in the script tab. Once the script has hit your breakpoint, you can look at firebug's stack window:
If you are ok with depending on system commands you can use the following:
Linux and Mac OS X:
import os
os.system('read -s -n 1 -p "Press any key to continue..."')
print()
Windows:
import os
os.system("pause")
There is no built-in method, but there are several ways to do it. The most straightforward way that I can think of at the moment is:
JComponent
.paintComponent(Graphics g)
method to paint the image that you want to display.JFrame
to be this subclass.Some sample code:
class ImagePanel extends JComponent {
private Image image;
public ImagePanel(Image image) {
this.image = image;
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, this);
}
}
// elsewhere
BufferedImage myImage = ImageIO.read(...);
JFrame myJFrame = new JFrame("Image pane");
myJFrame.setContentPane(new ImagePanel(myImage));
Note that this code does not handle resizing the image to fit the JFrame
, if that's what you wanted.
parseDouble() method is used to initialise a STRING (which should contains some numerical value)....the value it returns is of primitive data type, like int, float, etc.
But valueOf() creates an object of Wrapper class. You have to unwrap it in order to get the double value. It can be compared with a chocolate. The manufacturer wraps the chocolate with some foil or paper to prevent from pollution. The user takes the chocolate, removes and throws the wrapper and eats it.
Observe the following conversion.
int k = 100;
Integer it1 = new Integer(k);
The int data type k is converted into an object, it1 using Integer class. The it1 object can be used in Java programming wherever k is required an object.
The following code can be used to unwrap (getting back int from Integer object) the object it1.
int m = it1.intValue();
System.out.println(m*m); // prints 10000
//intValue() is a method of Integer class that returns an int data type.
Put the select statement in a dynamic PL/SQL block.
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_num_of_employees (p_loc VARCHAR2, p_job VARCHAR2)
RETURN NUMBER
IS
v_query_str VARCHAR2(1000);
v_num_of_employees NUMBER;
BEGIN
v_query_str := 'begin SELECT COUNT(*) INTO :into_bind FROM emp_'
|| p_loc
|| ' WHERE job = :bind_job; end;';
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_query_str
USING out v_num_of_employees, p_job;
RETURN v_num_of_employees;
END;
/
you must implement IComparer interface.
In this sample I've my custom object JSONReturn, I implement my class like this :
Friend Class JSONReturnComparer
Implements IComparer(of JSONReturn)
Public Function Compare(x As JSONReturn, y As JSONReturn) As Integer Implements IComparer(Of JSONReturn).Compare
Return String.Compare(x.Name, y.Name)
End Function
End Class
I call my sort List method like this : alResult.Sort(new JSONReturnComparer())
Maybe it could help you
NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription = Request permission to use location service when the apps is in background. in your plist file.
If this works then please vote the answer.
In Chart.js version 2.0, it is possible to set labels for axes:
options = {
scales: {
yAxes: [{
scaleLabel: {
display: true,
labelString: 'probability'
}
}]
}
}
See Labelling documentation for more details.
If you are using windows and running yarn open cmd on admin mode' terminate and Restart the node process by typing this command.
Find the node: killall -9 node force to kill : taskkill /f /im node.exe Reset the cache : yarn start --reset-cache
Navigate to your project directory: cd myapp Re-Run your App : yarn android
I find that the best way is to use this...
**<script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>**
This is from the Codecademy 'Make an Interactive Website' project.
You should create a variable of the type SelectionneNonSelectionne.
struct SelectionneNonSelectionne var;
After that pass that variable to the function like
characterSelection(screen, var);
The error is caused since you are passing the type name SelectionneNonSelectionne
i'm using this. it has the advantage of working with tz aware datetimes.
def round_minutes(some_datetime: datetime, step: int):
""" round up to nearest step-minutes """
if step > 60:
raise AttrbuteError("step must be less than 60")
change = timedelta(
minutes= some_datetime.minute % step,
seconds=some_datetime.second,
microseconds=some_datetime.microsecond
)
if change > timedelta():
change -= timedelta(minutes=step)
return some_datetime - change
it has the disadvantage of only working for timeslices less than an hour.
There are a built-in way in asp.net for this: bundling. Just use it. Each new version will have unique suffix "?v=XXXXXXX". In debug mode bundling is off, for switching on make setting in web.config:
<system.web>
<compilation debug="false" />
</system.web>
Or add to the method RegisterBundles(BundleCollection bundles) :
BundleTable.EnableOptimizations = true;
For example:
BundleConfig.cs :
bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/Scripts/myjavascript.js")
.Include("~/Scripts/myjavascript.js"));
bundles.Add(new StyleBundle("~/Content/mystyle.css")
.Include("~/Content/mystyle.css"));
_Layout.cshtml :
@Scripts.Render("~/Scripts/myjavascript.js")
@Styles.Render("~/Content/mystyle.css")
I was able to get around this loading the headers before the HTML with php, and it worked very well.
<?php
header( 'X-UA-Compatible: IE=edge,chrome=1' );
header( 'content: width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no' );
include('ix.html');
?>
ix.html is the content I wanted to load after sending the headers.
I need more information really but it will be along the lines of..
SELECT table1.*, table2.col1, table2.col3 FROM table1 JOIN table2 USING(id)
Another variant of Steve Mallorys answer, I specifically needed excel to run off and do stuff while waiting and 1 second was too long.
'Wait for the specified number of milliseconds while processing the message pump
'This allows excel to catch up on background operations
Sub WaitFor(milliseconds As Single)
Dim finish As Single
Dim days As Integer
'Timer is the number of seconds since midnight (as a single)
finish = Timer + (milliseconds / 1000)
'If we are near midnight (or specify a very long time!) then finish could be
'greater than the maximum possible value of timer. Bring it down to sensible
'levels and count the number of midnights
While finish >= 86400
finish = finish - 86400
days = days + 1
Wend
Dim lastTime As Single
lastTime = Timer
'When we are on the correct day and the time is after the finish we can leave
While days >= 0 And Timer < finish
DoEvents
'Timer should be always increasing except when it rolls over midnight
'if it shrunk we've gone back in time or we're on a new day
If Timer < lastTime Then
days = days - 1
End If
lastTime = Timer
Wend
End Sub
You also may use str.len() to count length of element in the column
data['name of column'].str.len()
What you want to do is a combination of part of 1 and all of 2.
You need to use the PowerMockito.mockStatic to enable static mocking for all static methods of a class. This means make it possible to stub them using the when-thenReturn syntax.
But the 2-argument overload of mockStatic you are using supplies a default strategy for what Mockito/PowerMock should do when you call a method you haven't explicitly stubbed on the mock instance.
From the javadoc:
Creates class mock with a specified strategy for its answers to interactions. It's quite advanced feature and typically you don't need it to write decent tests. However it can be helpful when working with legacy systems. It is the default answer so it will be used only when you don't stub the method call.
The default default stubbing strategy is to just return null, 0 or false for object, number and boolean valued methods. By using the 2-arg overload, you're saying "No, no, no, by default use this Answer subclass' answer method to get a default value. It returns a Long, so if you have static methods which return something incompatible with Long, there is a problem.
Instead, use the 1-arg version of mockStatic to enable stubbing of static methods, then use when-thenReturn to specify what to do for a particular method. For example:
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.invocation.InvocationOnMock;
import org.mockito.stubbing.Answer;
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;
class ClassWithStatics {
public static String getString() {
return "String";
}
public static int getInt() {
return 1;
}
}
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(ClassWithStatics.class)
public class StubJustOneStatic {
@Test
public void test() {
PowerMockito.mockStatic(ClassWithStatics.class);
when(ClassWithStatics.getString()).thenReturn("Hello!");
System.out.println("String: " + ClassWithStatics.getString());
System.out.println("Int: " + ClassWithStatics.getInt());
}
}
The String-valued static method is stubbed to return "Hello!", while the int-valued static method uses the default stubbing, returning 0.
My phone was set to "trust" the Mac, and I still ran into this error with Xcode 6.1.1.
This worked for me:
SELECT count(*)
FROM information_schema.columns
WHERE table_name = 'tbl_ifo'
In my case the file .git/HEAD was corrupted (contained only dots). So I edited it and replaced its content with:
ref: refs/heads/master
and it started working again.
HAvING TheCount > 4 AND username IN (SELECT username FROM users WHERE gender=1)
but why i am answering, you dont voted me as right answer :)
I use in my batch files - c:\progra~2\
instead of C:\Program Files (x86)\
and it works.
To get list of all keys
using System.Linq;
List<String> myKeys = myDict.Keys.ToList();
System.Linq is supported in .Net framework 3.5 or above. See the below links if you face any issue in using System.Linq
The options for popen
can be used in call
args,
bufsize=0,
executable=None,
stdin=None,
stdout=None,
stderr=None,
preexec_fn=None,
close_fds=False,
shell=False,
cwd=None,
env=None,
universal_newlines=False,
startupinfo=None,
creationflags=0
So...
subprocess.call(["/home/myuser/run.sh", "/tmp/ad_xml", "/tmp/video_xml"], stdout=myoutput)
Then you can do what you want with myoutput
(which would need to be a file btw).
Also, you can do something closer to a piped output like this.
dmesg | grep hda
would be:
p1 = Popen(["dmesg"], stdout=PIPE)
p2 = Popen(["grep", "hda"], stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=PIPE)
output = p2.communicate()[0]
There's plenty of lovely, useful info on the python manual page.
Use DATENAME and wrap the logic in a Function, not a Stored Proc
declare @myTime as DateTime
set @myTime = GETDATE()
select @myTime
select DATENAME(day, @myTime) + SUBSTRING(UPPER(DATENAME(month, @myTime)), 0,4)
Returns "14OCT"
Try not to use any Character / String based operations if possible when working with dates. They are numerical (a float) and performance will suffer from those data type conversions.
Dig these handy conversions I have compiled over the years...
/* Common date functions */
--//This contains common date functions for MSSQL server
/*Getting Parts of a DateTime*/
--//gets the date only, 20x faster than using Convert/Cast to varchar
--//this has been especially useful for JOINS
SELECT (CAST(FLOOR(CAST(GETDATE() as FLOAT)) AS DateTime))
--//gets the time only (date portion is '1900-01-01' and is considered the "0 time" of dates in MSSQL, even with the datatype min value of 01/01/1753.
SELECT (GETDATE() - (CAST(FLOOR(CAST(GETDATE() as FLOAT)) AS DateTime)))
/*Relative Dates*/
--//These are all functions that will calculate a date relative to the current date and time
/*Current Day*/
--//now
SELECT (GETDATE())
--//midnight of today
SELECT (DATEADD(ms,-4,(DATEADD(dd,DATEDIFF(dd,0,GETDATE()) + 1,0))))
--//Current Hour
SELECT DATEADD(hh,DATEPART(hh,GETDATE()),CAST(FLOOR(CAST(GETDATE() AS FLOAT)) as DateTime))
--//Current Half-Hour - if its 9:36, this will show 9:30
SELECT DATEADD(mi,((DATEDIFF(mi,(CAST(FLOOR(CAST(GETDATE() as FLOAT)) as DateTime)), GETDATE())) / 30) * 30,(CAST(FLOOR(CAST(GETDATE() as FLOAT)) as DateTime)))
/*Yearly*/
--//first datetime of the current year
SELECT (DATEADD(yy,DATEDIFF(yy,0,GETDATE()),0))
--//last datetime of the current year
SELECT (DATEADD(ms,-4,(DATEADD(yy,DATEDIFF(yy,0,GETDATE()) + 1,0))))
/*Monthly*/
--//first datetime of current month
SELECT (DATEADD(mm,DATEDIFF(mm,0,GETDATE()),0))
--//last datetime of the current month
SELECT (DATEADD(ms,-4,DATEADD(mm,1,DATEADD(mm,DATEDIFF(mm,0,GETDATE()),0))))
--//first datetime of the previous month
SELECT (DATEADD(mm,DATEDIFF(mm,0,GETDATE()) -1,0))
--//last datetime of the previous month
SELECT (DATEADD(ms, -4,DATEADD(mm,DATEDIFF(mm,0,GETDATE()),0)))
/*Weekly*/
--//previous monday at 12AM
SELECT (DATEADD(wk,DATEDIFF(wk,0,GETDATE()) -1 ,0))
--//previous friday at 11:59:59 PM
SELECT (DATEADD(ms,-4,DATEADD(dd,5,DATEADD(wk,DATEDIFF(wk,0,GETDATE()) -1 ,0))))
/*Quarterly*/
--//first datetime of current quarter
SELECT (DATEADD(qq,DATEDIFF(qq,0,GETDATE()),0))
--//last datetime of current quarter
SELECT (DATEADD(ms,-4,DATEADD(qq,DATEDIFF(qq,0,GETDATE()) + 1,0)))
You can do it a number of ways, depending on the type of quotes you use:
echo "<a href='http://www.whatever.com/$param'>Click here</a>";
echo "<a href='http://www.whatever.com/{$param}'>Click here</a>";
echo '<a href="http://www.whatever.com/' . $param . '">Click here</a>';
echo "<a href=\"http://www.whatever.com/$param\">Click here</a>";
Double quotes allow for variables in the middle of the string, where as single quotes are string literals and, as such, interpret everything as a string of characters -- nothing more -- not even \n
will be expanded to mean the new line character, it will just be the characters \
and n
in sequence.
You need to be careful about your use of whichever type of quoting you decide. You can't use double quotes inside a double quoted string (as in your example) as you'll be ending the string early, which isn't what you want. You can escape the inner double quotes, however, by adding a backslash.
On a separate note, you might need to be careful about XSS attacks when printing unsafe variables (populated by the user) out to the browser.
Without any sub-processes you can:
shopt -s extglob
front=${input%%_+([a-zA-Z]).*}
digits=${front##+([a-zA-Z])_}
A very small variant of this will also work in ksh93.
the only thing you can do is to change your signature to
public static <E> E[] appendToArray(E[] array, E item)
Important details:
Generic expressions preceding the return value always introduce (declare) a new generic type variable.
Additionally, type variables between types (ArrayUtils
) and static methods (appendToArray
) never interfere with each other.
So, what does this mean:
In my answer <E>
would hide the E
from ArrayUtils<E>
if the method wouldn't be static
. AND <E>
has nothing to do with the E
from ArrayUtils<E>
.
To reflect this fact better, a more correct answer would be:
public static <I> I[] appendToArray(I[] array, I item)
It won't be fast, and there will be a lot for you to type (unless you generate the SQL from user_tab_columns), but here is what I use when I need to compare two tables row-by-row and column-by-column.
The query will return all rows that
(common identical rows will be excluded).
"PK" is the column(s) that make up your primary key. "a" will contain A if the present row exists in table1. "b" will contain B if the present row exists in table2.
select pk
,decode(a.rowid, null, null, 'A') as a
,decode(b.rowid, null, null, 'B') as b
,a.col1, b.col1
,a.col2, b.col2
,a.col3, b.col3
,...
from table1 a
full outer
join table2 b using(pk)
where decode(a.col1, b.col1, 1, 0) = 0
or decode(a.col2, b.col2, 1, 0) = 0
or decode(a.col3, b.col3, 1, 0) = 0
or ...;
Edit Added example code to show the difference described in comment. Whenever one of the values contains NULL, the result will be different.
with a as(
select 0 as col1 from dual union all
select 1 as col1 from dual union all
select null as col1 from dual
)
,b as(
select 1 as col1 from dual union all
select 2 as col1 from dual union all
select null as col1 from dual
)
select a.col1
,b.col1
,decode(a.col1, b.col1, 'Same', 'Different') as approach_1
,case when a.col1 <> b.col1 then 'Different' else 'Same' end as approach_2
from a,b
order
by a.col1
,b.col1;
col1 col1_1 approach_1 approach_2
==== ====== ========== ==========
0 1 Different Different
0 2 Different Different
0 null Different Same <---
1 1 Same Same
1 2 Different Different
1 null Different Same <---
null 1 Different Same <---
null 2 Different Same <---
null null Same Same
Probably it is some message from your system.
Type in terminal:
man mail
, and see how can you get this message from your system.
You can use the str.split
method: string.split('__')
>>> "MATCHES__STRING".split("__")
['MATCHES', 'STRING']
def fruitBag = ["orange","banana","coconut"]
def fruit = fruitBag.collect{item -> item.contains('n')}
I did it like this so it works if someone is looking for it.
For iOS 13+
in SceneDelegate:
var window: UIWindow?
func scene(_ scene: UIScene, willConnectTo session: UISceneSession, options
connectionOptions: UIScene.ConnectionOptions) {
guard let windowScene = (scene as? UIWindowScene) else { return }
window = UIWindow(windowScene: windowScene)
let storyboard = UIStoryboard(name: "Main", bundle: nil) // Where "Main" is the storyboard file name
let vc = storyboard.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "ViewController") // Where "ViewController" is the ID of your viewController
window?.rootViewController = vc
window?.makeKeyAndVisible()
}
if(!rsData.IsDBNull(rsData.GetOrdinal("usr.ursrdaystime")))
{
strLevel = rsData.GetString("usr.ursrdaystime");
}
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.data.sqlclient.sqldatareader.isdbnull.aspx
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.data.sqlclient.sqldatareader.getordinal.aspx
In Go you can use the goamz package.
import (
"github.com/mitchellh/goamz/aws"
"log"
)
func getId() (id string) {
idBytes, err := aws.GetMetaData("instance-id")
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Error getting instance-id: %v.", err)
}
id = string(idBytes)
return id
}
Here's the GetMetaData source.
That should work if the dates you saved in the DB are without time (just year, month, day).
Chances are that the dates you saved were new Date()
, which includes the time components. To query those times you need to create a date range that includes all moments in a day.
db.posts.find({ //query today up to tonight
created_on: {
$gte: new Date(2012, 7, 14),
$lt: new Date(2012, 7, 15)
}
})
We can also remove it using match
var fileName = $('input:file').val().match(/[^\\/]*$/)[0];
$('#file-name').val(fileName);
After playing with the timeit
module, I don't like its interface, which is not so elegant compared to the following two method.
The following code is in Python 3.
This is almost the same with @Mike's method. Here I add kwargs
and functools
wrap to make it better.
def timeit(func):
@functools.wraps(func)
def newfunc(*args, **kwargs):
startTime = time.time()
func(*args, **kwargs)
elapsedTime = time.time() - startTime
print('function [{}] finished in {} ms'.format(
func.__name__, int(elapsedTime * 1000)))
return newfunc
@timeit
def foobar():
mike = Person()
mike.think(30)
from contextlib import contextmanager
@contextmanager
def timeit_context(name):
startTime = time.time()
yield
elapsedTime = time.time() - startTime
print('[{}] finished in {} ms'.format(name, int(elapsedTime * 1000)))
For example, you can use it like:
with timeit_context('My profiling code'):
mike = Person()
mike.think()
And the code within the with
block will be timed.
Using the first method, you can eaily comment out the decorator to get the normal code. However, it can only time a function. If you have some part of code that you don't what to make it a function, then you can choose the second method.
For example, now you have
images = get_images()
bigImage = ImagePacker.pack(images, width=4096)
drawer.draw(bigImage)
Now you want to time the bigImage = ...
line. If you change it to a function, it will be:
images = get_images()
bitImage = None
@timeit
def foobar():
nonlocal bigImage
bigImage = ImagePacker.pack(images, width=4096)
drawer.draw(bigImage)
Looks not so great...What if you are in Python 2, which has no nonlocal
keyword.
Instead, using the second method fits here very well:
images = get_images()
with timeit_context('foobar'):
bigImage = ImagePacker.pack(images, width=4096)
drawer.draw(bigImage)
So the 50x50 size is a good choice.
The commands module is a reasonably high-level way to do this:
import commands
status, output = commands.getstatusoutput("cat /etc/services")
status is 0, output is the contents of /etc/services.
The BadImageFormatException on an application running on IIS (not running from VS, since visual studio fixes the problem by using the build for "Any CPU") can be caused by the following:
The site is one a server that is x64 and the Application Pool's default setting for Enable 32-Bit Applications was False. and you have 32-bit assemblies
On the level of Visual Studio, the fix is:
The solution depends on a few things.
Is the default value dependent on other information available at creation time? Can you wipe the database with minimal consequences?
If you answered the first question yes, then you want to use Jim's solution
If you answered the second question yes, then you want to use Daniel's solution
If you answered no to both questions, you're probably better off adding and running a new migration.
class AddDefaultMigration < ActiveRecord::Migration
def self.up
change_column :tasks, :status, :string, :default => default_value, :null => false
end
end
:string can be replaced with any type that ActiveRecord::Migration recognizes.
CPU is cheap so the redefinition of Task in Jim's solution isn't going to cause many problems. Especially in a production environment. This migration is proper way of doing it as it is loaded it and called much less often.
There may be a better way, but you can always copy the column into a new column, drop it and rename the new column back to the name of the first column.
to wit:
ALTER TABLE MyTable ADD NewColumnName DECIMAL(16, 2);
GO
UPDATE MyTable
SET NewColumnName = OldColumnName;
GO
ALTER TABLE CONTRACTS DROP COLUMN OldColumnName;
GO
EXEC sp_rename
@objname = 'MyTable.NewColumnName',
@newname = 'OldColumnName',
@objtype = 'COLUMN'
GO
This was tested on SQL Server 2008 R2, but should work on SQL Server 2000+.
You can download a native OpenSSL for Windows, or you can always use Cygwin.
There is one case, that is not mentioned above:
int res = 1;
while (res != 0) {
res *= 2;
}
System.out.println(res);
will produce:
0
This case was discussed here: Integer overflow produces Zero.
Simplest example to making any function in jQuery is
jQuery.fn.extend({
exists: function() { return this.length }
});
if($(selector).exists()){/*do something here*/}
Generally, The DNS Domain of the URL MUST match the Certificate Subject of the certificate.
In former times this could be either by setting the domain as cn of the certificate or by having the domain set as a Subject Alternative Name.
Support for cn was deprecated for a long time (since 2000 in RFC 2818) and Chrome browser will not even look at the cn anymore so today you need to have the DNS Domain of the URL as a Subject Alternative Name.
RFC 6125 which forbids checking the cn if SAN for DNS Domain is present, but not if SAN for IP Address is present. RFC 6125 also repeats that cn is deprecated which was already said in RFC 2818. And the Certification Authority Browser Forum to be present which in combination with RFC 6125 essentially means that cn will never be checked for DNS Domain name.
.init
/.fini
isn't deprecated. It's still part of the the ELF standard and I'd dare say it will be forever. Code in .init
/.fini
is run by the loader/runtime-linker when code is loaded/unloaded. I.e. on each ELF load (for example a shared library) code in .init
will be run. It's still possible to use that mechanism to achieve about the same thing as with __attribute__((constructor))/((destructor))
. It's old-school but it has some benefits.
.ctors
/.dtors
mechanism for example require support by system-rtl/loader/linker-script. This is far from certain to be available on all systems, for example deeply embedded systems where code executes on bare metal. I.e. even if __attribute__((constructor))/((destructor))
is supported by GCC, it's not certain it will run as it's up to the linker to organize it and to the loader (or in some cases, boot-code) to run it. To use .init
/.fini
instead, the easiest way is to use linker flags: -init & -fini (i.e. from GCC command line, syntax would be -Wl -init my_init -fini my_fini
).
On system supporting both methods, one possible benefit is that code in .init
is run before .ctors
and code in .fini
after .dtors
. If order is relevant that's at least one crude but easy way to distinguish between init/exit functions.
A major drawback is that you can't easily have more than one _init
and one _fini
function per each loadable module and would probably have to fragment code in more .so
than motivated. Another is that when using the linker method described above, one replaces the original _init and _fini
default functions (provided by crti.o
). This is where all sorts of initialization usually occur (on Linux this is where global variable assignment is initialized). A way around that is described here
Notice in the link above that a cascading to the original _init()
is not needed as it's still in place. The call
in the inline assembly however is x86-mnemonic and calling a function from assembly would look completely different for many other architectures (like ARM for example). I.e. code is not transparent.
.init
/.fini
and .ctors
/.detors
mechanisms are similar, but not quite. Code in .init
/.fini
runs "as is". I.e. you can have several functions in .init
/.fini
, but it is AFAIK syntactically difficult to put them there fully transparently in pure C without breaking up code in many small .so
files.
.ctors
/.dtors
are differently organized than .init
/.fini
. .ctors
/.dtors
sections are both just tables with pointers to functions, and the "caller" is a system-provided loop that calls each function indirectly. I.e. the loop-caller can be architecture specific, but as it's part of the system (if it exists at all i.e.) it doesn't matter.
The following snippet adds new function pointers to the .ctors
function array, principally the same way as __attribute__((constructor))
does (method can coexist with __attribute__((constructor)))
.
#define SECTION( S ) __attribute__ ((section ( S )))
void test(void) {
printf("Hello\n");
}
void (*funcptr)(void) SECTION(".ctors") =test;
void (*funcptr2)(void) SECTION(".ctors") =test;
void (*funcptr3)(void) SECTION(".dtors") =test;
One can also add the function pointers to a completely different self-invented section. A modified linker script and an additional function mimicking the loader .ctors
/.dtors
loop is needed in such case. But with it one can achieve better control over execution order, add in-argument and return code handling e.t.a. (In a C++ project for example, it would be useful if in need of something running before or after global constructors).
I'd prefer __attribute__((constructor))/((destructor))
where possible, it's a simple and elegant solution even it feels like cheating. For bare-metal coders like myself, this is just not always an option.
Some good reference in the book Linkers & loaders.
You can also use UNION like
SELECT user_fname ,
user_lname
FROM users
WHERE user_id = $_GET[id]
UNION
SELECT user_fname ,
user_lname
FROM users
WHERE user_parent_id = $_GET[id]
For Python 3 above, use:
sudo apt-get install python3-dateutil
1)Go to configure build path . 2)Remove unbound JRE library . 3)Add library --> JRE System library .
Then project compile and done ..
<form onSubmit="return captureForm()">
that should do. Make sure that your captureForm()
method returns false
.
use array detect
method if you wanted to return first value where block returns true
[1,2,3,11,34].detect(&:even?) #=> 2
OR
[1,2,3,11,34].detect{|i| i.even?} #=> 2
If you wanted to return all values where block returns true then use select
[1,2,3,11,34].select(&:even?) #=> [2, 34]
You can't solve it. Simply answer1.sum()==0
, and you can't perform a division by zero.
This happens because answer1
is the exponential of 2 very large, negative numbers, so that the result is rounded to zero.
nan
is returned in this case because of the division by zero.
Now to solve your problem you could:
scipy/numpy
function that does exactly what you want! Check out @Warren Weckesser answer.Here I explain how to do some math manipulation that helps on this problem. We have that for the numerator:
exp(-x)+exp(-y) = exp(log(exp(-x)+exp(-y)))
= exp(log(exp(-x)*[1+exp(-y+x)]))
= exp(log(exp(-x) + log(1+exp(-y+x)))
= exp(-x + log(1+exp(-y+x)))
where above x=3* 1089
and y=3* 1093
. Now, the argument of this exponential is
-x + log(1+exp(-y+x)) = -x + 6.1441934777474324e-06
For the denominator you could proceed similarly but obtain that log(1+exp(-z+k))
is already rounded to 0
, so that the argument of the exponential function at the denominator is simply rounded to -z=-3000
. You then have that your result is
exp(-x + log(1+exp(-y+x)))/exp(-z) = exp(-x+z+log(1+exp(-y+x))
= exp(-266.99999385580668)
which is already extremely close to the result that you would get if you were to keep only the 2 leading terms (i.e. the first number 1089
in the numerator and the first number 1000
at the denominator):
exp(3*(1089-1000))=exp(-267)
For the sake of it, let's see how close we are from the solution of Wolfram alpha (link):
Log[(exp[-3*1089]+exp[-3*1093])/([exp[-3*1000]+exp[-3*4443])] -> -266.999993855806522267194565420933791813296828742310997510523
The difference between this number and the exponent above is +1.7053025658242404e-13
, so the approximation we made at the denominator was fine.
The final result is
'exp(-266.99999385580668) = 1.1050349147204485e-116
From wolfram alpha is (link)
1.105034914720621496.. × 10^-116 # Wolfram alpha.
and again, it is safe to use numpy here too.
YES (for non-integer keys).
Most Browsers iterate object properties as:
Some older browsers combine categories #1 and #2, iterating all keys in insertion order. If your keys might parse as integers, it's best not to rely on any specific iteration order.
Current Language Spec (since ES2015) insertion order is preserved, except in the case of keys that parse as integers (eg "7" or "99"), where behavior varies between browsers. For example, Chrome/V8 does not respect insertion order when the keys are parse as numeric.
Old Language Spec (before ES2015): Iteration order was technically undefined, but all major browsers complied with the ES2015 behavior.
Note that the ES2015 behavior was a good example of the language spec being driven by existing behavior, and not the other way round. To get a deeper sense of that backwards-compatibility mindset, see http://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=164, a Chrome bug that covers in detail the design decisions behind Chrome's iteration order behavior. Per one of the (rather opinionated) comments on that bug report:
Standards always follow implementations, that's where XHR came from, and Google does the same thing by implementing Gears and then embracing equivalent HTML5 functionality. The right fix is to have ECMA formally incorporate the de-facto standard behavior into the next rev of the spec.
If you installed IIS after the .Net framework you can solve the porblem by re-installing the .Net framework. Part of its install detects whether IIS is present and updates IIS accordingly.
You haven't specified the absolute path - you've used a shortcut , ~
, which might not work in this context. Use /home/yourusername/Harold-Server/OmniCloud.db
instead.
Awesome answers above. I recently had a need to generate simulated data and this is what I landed up using. Sharing in-case helpful to others as well,
import logging
__name__ = "DataSimulator"
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
def generate_simulated_data(add_anomalies:bool=True, random_state:int=42):
rnd_state = np.random.RandomState(random_state)
time = np.linspace(0, 200, num=2000)
pure = 20*np.sin(time/(2*np.pi))
# concatenate on the second axis; this will allow us to mix different data
# distribution
data = np.c_[pure]
mu = np.mean(data)
sd = np.std(data)
logger.info(f"Data shape : {data.shape}. mu: {mu} with sd: {sd}")
data_df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=['Value'])
data_df['Index'] = data_df.index.values
# Adding gaussian jitter
jitter = 0.3*rnd_state.normal(mu, sd, size=data_df.shape[0])
data_df['with_jitter'] = data_df['Value'] + jitter
index_further_away = None
if add_anomalies:
# As per the 68-95-99.7 rule(also known as the empirical rule) mu+-2*sd
# covers 95.4% of the dataset.
# Since, anomalies are considered to be rare and typically within the
# 5-10% of the data; this filtering
# technique might work
#for us(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/68%E2%80%9395%E2%80%9399.7_rule)
indexes_furhter_away = np.where(np.abs(data_df['with_jitter']) > (mu +
2*sd))[0]
logger.info(f"Number of points further away :
{len(indexes_furhter_away)}. Indexes: {indexes_furhter_away}")
# Generate a point uniformly and embed it into the dataset
random = rnd_state.uniform(0, 5, 1)
data_df.loc[indexes_furhter_away, 'with_jitter'] +=
random*data_df.loc[indexes_furhter_away, 'with_jitter']
return data_df, indexes_furhter_away
For comparison between two times use time.Sub()
// utc life
loc, _ := time.LoadLocation("UTC")
// setup a start and end time
createdAt := time.Now().In(loc).Add(1 * time.Hour)
expiresAt := time.Now().In(loc).Add(4 * time.Hour)
// get the diff
diff := expiresAt.Sub(createdAt)
fmt.Printf("Lifespan is %+v", diff)
The program outputs:
Lifespan is 3h0m0s
Add XAttribute
in the constructor of the XElement
, like
new XElement("Conn", new XAttribute("Server", comboBox1.Text));
You can also add multiple attributes or elements via the constructor
new XElement("Conn", new XAttribute("Server", comboBox1.Text), new XAttribute("Database", combobox2.Text));
or you can use the Add-Method of the XElement
to add attributes
XElement element = new XElement("Conn");
XAttribute attribute = new XAttribute("Server", comboBox1.Text);
element.Add(attribute);
Try the bash
built-in help:
$ help for
for: for NAME [in WORDS ... ;] do COMMANDS; done
The `for' loop executes a sequence of commands for each member in a
list of items. If `in WORDS ...;' is not present, then `in "$@"' is
assumed. For each element in WORDS, NAME is set to that element, and
the COMMANDS are executed.
for ((: for (( exp1; exp2; exp3 )); do COMMANDS; done
Equivalent to
(( EXP1 ))
while (( EXP2 )); do
COMMANDS
(( EXP3 ))
done
EXP1, EXP2, and EXP3 are arithmetic expressions. If any expression is
omitted, it behaves as if it evaluates to 1.
s = "BINGO"
print(" ".join(s))
Should do it.
In simple term 2's Complement
is a way to store negative number in Computer Memory. Whereas Positive Numbers are stored as Normal Binary Number.
Let's consider this example,
Computer uses Binary Number System
to represent any number.
x = 5;
This is represented as 0101
.
x = -5;
When the computer encouters -
sign, it computes it's 2's complement and stores it.
i.e
5 = 0101 and it's 2's complement is 1011
.
Important rules computer uses to process numbers are,
1
then it must be negative
number.0
then it is a positive number
because there is no -0
in number system.(1000 is not -0
instead it is positive 8
)0
then it is 0
.positive number
.Like others have mentioned, a functor is an object that acts like a function, i.e. it overloads the function call operator.
Functors are commonly used in STL algorithms. They are useful because they can hold state before and between function calls, like a closure in functional languages. For example, you could define a MultiplyBy
functor that multiplies its argument by a specified amount:
class MultiplyBy {
private:
int factor;
public:
MultiplyBy(int x) : factor(x) {
}
int operator () (int other) const {
return factor * other;
}
};
Then you could pass a MultiplyBy
object to an algorithm like std::transform:
int array[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
std::transform(array, array + 5, array, MultiplyBy(3));
// Now, array is {3, 6, 9, 12, 15}
Another advantage of a functor over a pointer to a function is that the call can be inlined in more cases. If you passed a function pointer to transform
, unless that call got inlined and the compiler knows that you always pass the same function to it, it can't inline the call through the pointer.
LD_LIBRARY_PATH is Linux specific and is an environment variable pointing to directories where the dynamic loader should look for shared libraries.
Try to add the directory where your .dll is in the PATH variable. Windows will automatically look in the directories listet in this environment variable. LD_LIBRARY_PATH probably won't solve the problem (unless the JVM uses it - I do not know about that).
As stated multiple times, inversion is achieved by the -v
option to grep
. Let me add the (hopefully amusing) note that you could have figured this out yourself by grepping through the grep
help text:
grep --help | grep invert
-v, --invert-match select non-matching lines
If you are on Windows, use ipconfig to get the local IPv4 address, and then specify that under your Apache configuration file: httpd.conf, like:
Listen: 10.20.30.40:80
Restart your Apache server and test it from other computer on the network.
All the other solutions require specifying a release/version number which obviously breaks automation.
This solution- currently tested and known to work with Github API v3- however can be used programmatically to grab the LATEST release without specifying any tag or release number and un-TARs the binary to an arbitrary name you specify in switch --one-top-level="pi-ap"
. Just swap-out user f1linux and repo pi-ap in below example with your own details and Bob's your uncle:
curl -L https://api.github.com/repos/f1linux/pi-ap/tarball | tar xzvf - --one-top-level="pi-ap" --strip-components 1
SolidColorBrush brush = new SolidColorBrush( Color.FromArgb(255,255,139,0) )
I just tried installing it using the ruby command but somehow the dependencies are not resolved hence brew does not completely install. But, try installing by cloning:
git clone https://github.com/Homebrew/linuxbrew.git ~/.linuxbrew
and then add the following to your .bash_profile
:
export PATH="$HOME/.linuxbrew/bin:$PATH"
export MANPATH="$HOME/.linuxbrew/share/man:$MANPATH"
export INFOPATH="$HOME/.linuxbrew/share/info:$INFOPATH"
It should work..
If your string is a file path, as in your example, you can also use Unix style file paths:
string foo = "D:/Projects/Some/Kind/Of/Pathproblem/wuhoo.xml";
But the other answers have the more general solutions to string escaping in C#.
All the solutions here are correct,but they are missing an important scenario in which the method Clear() is used, which doesn't provide OldItems
in the NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs
object.
this is the perfect ObservableCollection
.
public delegate void ListedItemPropertyChangedEventHandler(IList SourceList, object Item, PropertyChangedEventArgs e);
public class ObservableCollectionEX<T> : ObservableCollection<T>
{
#region Constructors
public ObservableCollectionEX() : base()
{
CollectionChanged += ObservableCollection_CollectionChanged;
}
public ObservableCollectionEX(IEnumerable<T> c) : base(c)
{
CollectionChanged += ObservableCollection_CollectionChanged;
}
public ObservableCollectionEX(List<T> l) : base(l)
{
CollectionChanged += ObservableCollection_CollectionChanged;
}
#endregion
public new void Clear()
{
foreach (var item in this)
if (item is INotifyPropertyChanged i)
i.PropertyChanged -= Element_PropertyChanged;
base.Clear();
}
private void ObservableCollection_CollectionChanged(object sender, NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs e)
{
if (e.OldItems != null)
foreach (var item in e.OldItems)
if (item != null && item is INotifyPropertyChanged i)
i.PropertyChanged -= Element_PropertyChanged;
if (e.NewItems != null)
foreach (var item in e.NewItems)
if (item != null && item is INotifyPropertyChanged i)
{
i.PropertyChanged -= Element_PropertyChanged;
i.PropertyChanged += Element_PropertyChanged;
}
}
}
private void Element_PropertyChanged(object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e) => ItemPropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, sender, e);
public ListedItemPropertyChangedEventHandler ItemPropertyChanged;
}
On RH systems, MySQL configuration file is located under /etc/my.cnf by default.
You can use numpy.nonzero to find zero.
>>> import numpy as np
>>> x = np.array([1,0,2,0,3,0,0,4,0,5,0,6]).reshape(4, 3)
>>> np.nonzero(x==0) # this is what you want
(array([0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3]), array([1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 1]))
>>> np.nonzero(x)
(array([0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 3]), array([0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2]))
Here is a bare bones version:
Let's say that you have a date in Cell A1 in the format you described. For example: 19760210
.
Then this formula will give you the date you want:
=DATE(LEFT(A1,4),MID(A1,5,2),RIGHT(A1,2)).
On my system (Excel 2010) it works with strings or floats.
Create an empty folder and move the .mdb file to that folder. And try opening it from there. I tried it this way and it worked for me.
How about a software solution:
Install SSH server on the application server. Then, use socket tunnel to create a link between your local port and the remote port on the application server. You can use ssh client tools to do so. Have your client application connect to your mapped local port instead. Then, you can break the socket tunnel at will to simulate the connection timeout.
Multi-line comments are easily breakable. What if you have the following in a simple calculator program?
operation = ''
print("Pick an operation: +-*/")
# Get user input here
Try to comment that with a multi-line comment:
/*
operation = ''
print("Pick an operation: +-*/")
# Get user input here
*/
Oops, your string contains the end comment delimiter.
I know that many people finding this solution simple and clear:
create table diff_timestamp (
f1 timestamp
, f2 timestamp);
insert into diff_timestamp values(systimestamp-1, systimestamp+2);
commit;
select cast(f2 as date) - cast(f1 as date) from diff_timestamp;
bingo!
to get different sizes, you can use the type parameter:
You can specify the picture size you want with the type argument, which should be one of square (50x50), small (50 pixels wide, variable height), and large (about 200 pixels wide, variable height): http://graph.facebook.com/squall3d/picture?type=large.
In this post i Created Simple Keyboard which contains Some special keys like ( France keys ) and it's supported Capital letters and small letters and Number keys and some Symbols .
package sra.keyboard;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.View.OnFocusChangeListener;
import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
public class Main extends Activity implements OnTouchListener, OnClickListener,
OnFocusChangeListener {
private EditText mEt, mEt1; // Edit Text boxes
private Button mBSpace, mBdone, mBack, mBChange, mNum;
private RelativeLayout mLayout, mKLayout;
private boolean isEdit = false, isEdit1 = false;
private String mUpper = "upper", mLower = "lower";
private int w, mWindowWidth;
private String sL[] = { "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j",
"k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v", "w",
"x", "y", "z", "ç", "à", "é", "è", "û", "î" };
private String cL[] = { "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J",
"K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W",
"X", "Y", "Z", "ç", "à", "é", "è", "û", "î" };
private String nS[] = { "!", ")", "'", "#", "3", "$", "%", "&", "8", "*",
"?", "/", "+", "-", "9", "0", "1", "4", "@", "5", "7", "(", "2",
"\"", "6", "_", "=", "]", "[", "<", ">", "|" };
private Button mB[] = new Button[32];
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
try {
setContentView(R.layout.main);
// adjusting key regarding window sizes
setKeys();
setFrow();
setSrow();
setTrow();
setForow();
mEt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.xEt);
mEt.setOnTouchListener(this);
mEt.setOnFocusChangeListener(this);
mEt1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et1);
mEt1.setOnTouchListener(this);
mEt1.setOnFocusChangeListener(this);
mEt.setOnClickListener(this);
mEt1.setOnClickListener(this);
mLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.xK1);
mKLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.xKeyBoard);
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.w(getClass().getName(), e.toString());
}
}
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
if (v == mEt) {
hideDefaultKeyboard();
enableKeyboard();
}
if (v == mEt1) {
hideDefaultKeyboard();
enableKeyboard();
}
return true;
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (v == mBChange) {
if (mBChange.getTag().equals(mUpper)) {
changeSmallLetters();
changeSmallTags();
} else if (mBChange.getTag().equals(mLower)) {
changeCapitalLetters();
changeCapitalTags();
}
} else if (v != mBdone && v != mBack && v != mBChange && v != mNum) {
addText(v);
} else if (v == mBdone) {
disableKeyboard();
} else if (v == mBack) {
isBack(v);
} else if (v == mNum) {
String nTag = (String) mNum.getTag();
if (nTag.equals("num")) {
changeSyNuLetters();
changeSyNuTags();
mBChange.setVisibility(Button.INVISIBLE);
}
if (nTag.equals("ABC")) {
changeCapitalLetters();
changeCapitalTags();
}
}
}
@Override
public void onFocusChange(View v, boolean hasFocus) {
if (v == mEt && hasFocus == true) {
isEdit = true;
isEdit1 = false;
} else if (v == mEt1 && hasFocus == true) {
isEdit = false;
isEdit1 = true;
}
}
private void addText(View v) {
if (isEdit == true) {
String b = "";
b = (String) v.getTag();
if (b != null) {
// adding text in Edittext
mEt.append(b);
}
}
if (isEdit1 == true) {
String b = "";
b = (String) v.getTag();
if (b != null) {
// adding text in Edittext
mEt1.append(b);
}
}
}
private void isBack(View v) {
if (isEdit == true) {
CharSequence cc = mEt.getText();
if (cc != null && cc.length() > 0) {
{
mEt.setText("");
mEt.append(cc.subSequence(0, cc.length() - 1));
}
}
}
if (isEdit1 == true) {
CharSequence cc = mEt1.getText();
if (cc != null && cc.length() > 0) {
{
mEt1.setText("");
mEt1.append(cc.subSequence(0, cc.length() - 1));
}
}
}
}
private void changeSmallLetters() {
mBChange.setVisibility(Button.VISIBLE);
for (int i = 0; i < sL.length; i++)
mB[i].setText(sL[i]);
mNum.setTag("12#");
}
private void changeSmallTags() {
for (int i = 0; i < sL.length; i++)
mB[i].setTag(sL[i]);
mBChange.setTag("lower");
mNum.setTag("num");
}
private void changeCapitalLetters() {
mBChange.setVisibility(Button.VISIBLE);
for (int i = 0; i < cL.length; i++)
mB[i].setText(cL[i]);
mBChange.setTag("upper");
mNum.setText("12#");
}
private void changeCapitalTags() {
for (int i = 0; i < cL.length; i++)
mB[i].setTag(cL[i]);
mNum.setTag("num");
}
private void changeSyNuLetters() {
for (int i = 0; i < nS.length; i++)
mB[i].setText(nS[i]);
mNum.setText("ABC");
}
private void changeSyNuTags() {
for (int i = 0; i < nS.length; i++)
mB[i].setTag(nS[i]);
mNum.setTag("ABC");
}
// enabling customized keyboard
private void enableKeyboard() {
mLayout.setVisibility(RelativeLayout.VISIBLE);
mKLayout.setVisibility(RelativeLayout.VISIBLE);
}
// Disable customized keyboard
private void disableKeyboard() {
mLayout.setVisibility(RelativeLayout.INVISIBLE);
mKLayout.setVisibility(RelativeLayout.INVISIBLE);
}
private void hideDefaultKeyboard() {
getWindow().setSoftInputMode(
WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_ALWAYS_HIDDEN);
}
private void setFrow() {
w = (mWindowWidth / 13);
w = w - 15;
mB[16].setWidth(w);
mB[22].setWidth(w + 3);
mB[4].setWidth(w);
mB[17].setWidth(w);
mB[19].setWidth(w);
mB[24].setWidth(w);
mB[20].setWidth(w);
mB[8].setWidth(w);
mB[14].setWidth(w);
mB[15].setWidth(w);
mB[16].setHeight(50);
mB[22].setHeight(50);
mB[4].setHeight(50);
mB[17].setHeight(50);
mB[19].setHeight(50);
mB[24].setHeight(50);
mB[20].setHeight(50);
mB[8].setHeight(50);
mB[14].setHeight(50);
mB[15].setHeight(50);
}
private void setSrow() {
w = (mWindowWidth / 10);
mB[0].setWidth(w);
mB[18].setWidth(w);
mB[3].setWidth(w);
mB[5].setWidth(w);
mB[6].setWidth(w);
mB[7].setWidth(w);
mB[26].setWidth(w);
mB[9].setWidth(w);
mB[10].setWidth(w);
mB[11].setWidth(w);
mB[26].setWidth(w);
mB[0].setHeight(50);
mB[18].setHeight(50);
mB[3].setHeight(50);
mB[5].setHeight(50);
mB[6].setHeight(50);
mB[7].setHeight(50);
mB[9].setHeight(50);
mB[10].setHeight(50);
mB[11].setHeight(50);
mB[26].setHeight(50);
}
private void setTrow() {
w = (mWindowWidth / 12);
mB[25].setWidth(w);
mB[23].setWidth(w);
mB[2].setWidth(w);
mB[21].setWidth(w);
mB[1].setWidth(w);
mB[13].setWidth(w);
mB[12].setWidth(w);
mB[27].setWidth(w);
mB[28].setWidth(w);
mBack.setWidth(w);
mB[25].setHeight(50);
mB[23].setHeight(50);
mB[2].setHeight(50);
mB[21].setHeight(50);
mB[1].setHeight(50);
mB[13].setHeight(50);
mB[12].setHeight(50);
mB[27].setHeight(50);
mB[28].setHeight(50);
mBack.setHeight(50);
}
private void setForow() {
w = (mWindowWidth / 10);
mBSpace.setWidth(w * 4);
mBSpace.setHeight(50);
mB[29].setWidth(w);
mB[29].setHeight(50);
mB[30].setWidth(w);
mB[30].setHeight(50);
mB[31].setHeight(50);
mB[31].setWidth(w);
mBdone.setWidth(w + (w / 1));
mBdone.setHeight(50);
}
private void setKeys() {
mWindowWidth = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth(); // getting
// window
// height
// getting ids from xml files
mB[0] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xA);
mB[1] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xB);
mB[2] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xC);
mB[3] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xD);
mB[4] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xE);
mB[5] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xF);
mB[6] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xG);
mB[7] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xH);
mB[8] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xI);
mB[9] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xJ);
mB[10] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xK);
mB[11] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xL);
mB[12] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xM);
mB[13] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xN);
mB[14] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xO);
mB[15] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xP);
mB[16] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xQ);
mB[17] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xR);
mB[18] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS);
mB[19] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xT);
mB[20] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xU);
mB[21] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xV);
mB[22] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xW);
mB[23] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xX);
mB[24] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xY);
mB[25] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xZ);
mB[26] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS1);
mB[27] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS2);
mB[28] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS3);
mB[29] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS4);
mB[30] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS5);
mB[31] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS6);
mBSpace = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xSpace);
mBdone = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xDone);
mBChange = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xChange);
mBack = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xBack);
mNum = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xNum);
for (int i = 0; i < mB.length; i++)
mB[i].setOnClickListener(this);
mBSpace.setOnClickListener(this);
mBdone.setOnClickListener(this);
mBack.setOnClickListener(this);
mBChange.setOnClickListener(this);
mNum.setOnClickListener(this);
}
}
Use where
with a !=
operator in combination with whereNull
Code::where('to_be_used_by_user_id', '!=' , 2)->orWhereNull('to_be_used_by_user_id')->get()
I was trying to figure out if it's possible to browse the code of an earlier commit like you can on GitHub and it brought me here. I used the information I found here, and after fiddling around with the urls, I actually found a way to browse code of old commits as well. Even though the question/answer is about downloading the code of an earlier commit, I thought I'd just add an answer for browsing the code also.
When you're browsing your code the URL is something like:
https://bitbucket.org/user/repo/src/
and by adding a commit hash at the end like this:
https://bitbucket.org/user/repo/src/a0328cb
You can browse the code at the point of that commit. I don't understand why there's no dropdown box for choosing a commit directly, the feature is already there. Strange.
In trying to avoid experimental and frankly fed up with the NDK and all its hackery I am happy that 2.2.x of the Gradle Build Tools came out and now it just works. The key is the externalNativeBuild
and pointing ndkBuild
path argument at an Android.mk
or change ndkBuild
to cmake
and point the path argument at a CMakeLists.txt
build script.
android {
compileSdkVersion 19
buildToolsVersion "25.0.2"
defaultConfig {
minSdkVersion 19
targetSdkVersion 19
ndk {
abiFilters 'armeabi', 'armeabi-v7a', 'x86'
}
externalNativeBuild {
cmake {
cppFlags '-std=c++11'
arguments '-DANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=clang',
'-DANDROID_PLATFORM=android-19',
'-DANDROID_STL=gnustl_static',
'-DANDROID_ARM_NEON=TRUE',
'-DANDROID_CPP_FEATURES=exceptions rtti'
}
}
}
externalNativeBuild {
cmake {
path 'src/main/jni/CMakeLists.txt'
}
//ndkBuild {
// path 'src/main/jni/Android.mk'
//}
}
}
For much more detail check Google's page on adding native code.
After this is setup correctly you can ./gradlew installDebug
and off you go. You will also need to be aware that the NDK is moving to clang since gcc is now deprecated in the Android NDK.
The other answers do point out the correct way to prevent the automatic creation of Android.mk
files, but they fail to go the extra step of integrating better with Android Studio. I have added the ability to actually clean and build from source without needing to go to the command-line. Your local.properties
file will need to have ndk.dir=/path/to/ndk
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 14
buildToolsVersion "20.0.0"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.example.application"
minSdkVersion 14
targetSdkVersion 14
ndk {
moduleName "YourModuleName"
}
}
sourceSets.main {
jni.srcDirs = [] // This prevents the auto generation of Android.mk
jniLibs.srcDir 'src/main/libs' // This is not necessary unless you have precompiled libraries in your project.
}
task buildNative(type: Exec, description: 'Compile JNI source via NDK') {
def ndkDir = android.ndkDirectory
commandLine "$ndkDir/ndk-build",
'-C', file('src/main/jni').absolutePath, // Change src/main/jni the relative path to your jni source
'-j', Runtime.runtime.availableProcessors(),
'all',
'NDK_DEBUG=1'
}
task cleanNative(type: Exec, description: 'Clean JNI object files') {
def ndkDir = android.ndkDirectory
commandLine "$ndkDir/ndk-build",
'-C', file('src/main/jni').absolutePath, // Change src/main/jni the relative path to your jni source
'clean'
}
clean.dependsOn 'cleanNative'
tasks.withType(JavaCompile) {
compileTask -> compileTask.dependsOn buildNative
}
}
dependencies {
compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:20.0.0'
}
The src/main/jni
directory assumes a standard layout of the project. It should be the relative from this build.gradle
file location to the jni
directory.
Also check this Stack Overflow answer.
It is really important that your gradle version and general setup are correct. If you have an older project I highly recommend creating a new one with the latest Android Studio and see what Google considers the standard project. Also, use gradlew
. This protects the developer from a gradle version mismatch. Finally, the gradle plugin must be configured correctly.
And you ask what is the latest version of the gradle plugin? Check the tools page and edit the version accordingly.
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
// Running 'gradle wrapper' will generate gradlew - Getting gradle wrapper working and using it will save you a lot of pain.
task wrapper(type: Wrapper) {
gradleVersion = '2.2'
}
// Look Google doesn't use Maven Central, they use jcenter now.
buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.2.0'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}
Make sure gradle wrapper
generates the gradlew
file and gradle/wrapper
subdirectory. This is a big gotcha.
This has come up a number of times, but android.ndkDirectory
is the correct way to get the folder after 1.1. Migrating Gradle Projects to version 1.0.0. If you're using an experimental or ancient version of the plugin your mileage may vary.
:javascript
$(document).ready( function() {
$('body').addClass( 'test' );
} );
Docs: http://haml.info/docs/yardoc/file.REFERENCE.html#javascript-filter
Like this:
InputStream stream = new ByteArrayInputStream(exampleString.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
Note that this assumes that you want an InputStream that is a stream of bytes that represent your original string encoded as UTF-8.
For versions of Java less than 7, replace StandardCharsets.UTF_8
with "UTF-8"
.
If you want number of occurrences per file (example for string "tcp"):
grep -RIci "tcp" . | awk -v FS=":" -v OFS="\t" '$2>0 { print $2, $1 }' | sort -hr
Example output:
53 ./HTTPClient/src/HTTPClient.cpp
21 ./WiFi/src/WiFiSTA.cpp
19 ./WiFi/src/ETH.cpp
13 ./WiFi/src/WiFiAP.cpp
4 ./WiFi/src/WiFiClient.cpp
4 ./HTTPClient/src/HTTPClient.h
3 ./WiFi/src/WiFiGeneric.cpp
2 ./WiFi/examples/WiFiClientBasic/WiFiClientBasic.ino
2 ./WiFiClientSecure/src/ssl_client.cpp
1 ./WiFi/src/WiFiServer.cpp
Explanation:
grep -RIci NEEDLE .
- looks for string NEEDLE recursively from current directory (following symlinks), ignoring binaries, counting number of occurrences, ignoring caseawk ...
- this command ignores files with zero occurrences and formats linessort -hr
- sorts lines in reverse order by numbers in first columnOf course, it works with other grep commands with option -c
(count) as well. For example:
grep -c "tcp" *.txt | awk -v FS=":" -v OFS="\t" '$2>0 { print $2, $1 }' | sort -hr
My solution is very rude but works: being my fragments dynamically created from retained data, I simply remove all fragment from the PageAdapter
before calling super.onSaveInstanceState()
and then recreate them on activity creation:
@Override
protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
outState.putInt("viewpagerpos", mViewPager.getCurrentItem() );
mSectionsPagerAdapter.removeAllfragments();
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
}
You can't remove them in onDestroy()
, otherwise you get this exception:
java.lang.IllegalStateException:
Can not perform this action after onSaveInstanceState
Here the code in the page adapter:
public void removeAllfragments()
{
if ( mFragmentList != null ) {
for ( Fragment fragment : mFragmentList ) {
mFm.beginTransaction().remove(fragment).commit();
}
mFragmentList.clear();
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
I only save the current page and restore it in onCreate()
, after the fragments have been created.
if (savedInstanceState != null)
mViewPager.setCurrentItem( savedInstanceState.getInt("viewpagerpos", 0 ) );
Try killall redis-server
. You may also use ps aux
to find the name and pid of your server, and then kill it with kill -9 here_pid_number
.
I had a similar encoding issue. I used the normalize() method. I was getting a Unicode error using the pandas .to_html() method when exporting my data frame to an .html file in another directory. I ended up doing this and it worked...
import unicodedata
The dataframe object can be whatever you like, let's call it table...
table = pd.DataFrame(data,columns=['Name','Team','OVR / POT'])
table.index+= 1
encode table data so that we can export it to out .html file in templates folder(this can be whatever location you wish :))
#this is where the magic happens
html_data=unicodedata.normalize('NFKD',table.to_html()).encode('ascii','ignore')
export normalized string to html file
file = open("templates/home.html","w")
file.write(html_data)
file.close()
Reference: unicodedata documentation
Swift 4.0 possible solution using UIButton
phoneButton = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: view.frame.width * 0, y: view.frame.height * 0.1, width: view.frame.width * 1, height: view.frame.height * 0.05))
phoneButton.setTitle("333-333-3333", for: .normal )
phoneButton.setTitleColor(UIColor(red: 0 / 255, green: 0 / 255, blue: 238 / 255, alpha: 1.0), for: .normal)
phoneButton.addTarget(self, action: #selector(self.callPhone), for: .touchUpInside )
@objc func callPhone(){
UIApplication.shared.open(URL(string:"tel://3333333333")!, options: [:] , completionHandler: nil)
}
I had almost the same as Jesper, only I reused the webclient and disposed it correctly. Also I cleaned up some responses by removing the extra \n at the end.
private static IPAddress GetExternalIp () {
using (WebClient client = new WebClient()) {
List<String> hosts = new List<String>();
hosts.Add("https://icanhazip.com");
hosts.Add("https://api.ipify.org");
hosts.Add("https://ipinfo.io/ip");
hosts.Add("https://wtfismyip.com/text");
hosts.Add("https://checkip.amazonaws.com/");
hosts.Add("https://bot.whatismyipaddress.com/");
hosts.Add("https://ipecho.net/plain");
foreach (String host in hosts) {
try {
String ipAdressString = client.DownloadString(host);
ipAdressString = ipAdressString.Replace("\n", "");
return IPAddress.Parse(ipAdressString);
} catch {
}
}
}
return null;
}
Extract Day, Month and Year
The highest voted function and the accepted one do NOT work locale-independently since the DATE command is subject to localization too. For example (the accepted one): In English you have YYYY for year and in Holland it is JJJJ. So this is a no-go. The following script takes the users' localization from the registry, which is locale-independent.
@echo off
::: Begin set date
setlocal EnableExtensions EnableDelayedExpansion
:: Determine short date format (independent from localization) from registry
for /f "skip=1 tokens=3-5 delims=- " %%L in ( '2^>nul reg query "HKCU\Control Panel\International" /v "sShortDate"' ) do (
:: Since we can have multiple (short) date formats we only use the first char from the format in a new variable
set "_L=%%L" && set "_L=!_L:~0,1!" && set "_M=%%M" && set "_M=!_M:~0,1!" && set "_N=%%N" && set "_N=!_N:~0,1!"
:: Now assign the date values to the new vars
for /f "tokens=2-4 delims=/-. " %%D in ( "%date%" ) do ( set "!_L!=%%D" && set "!_M!=%%E" && set "!_N!=%%F" )
)
:: Print the values as is
echo.
echo This is the original date string --^> %date%
echo These are the splitted values --^> Day: %d%, Month:%m%, Year: %y%.
echo.
endlocal
Extract only the Year
For a script I wrote I wanted only to extract the year (locale-independent) so I came up with this oneliner as I couldn't find any solution. It uses the 'DATE' var, multiple delimiters and checks for a number greater than 31. That then will be the current year. It's low on resources in contrast to some of the other solutions.
@echo off
setlocal EnableExtensions
for /f " tokens=2-4 delims=-./ " %%D in ( "%date%" ) do ( if %%D gtr 31 ( set "_YEAR=%%D" ) else ( if %%E gtr 31 ( set "_YEAR=%%E" ) else ( if %%F gtr 31 ( set "_YEAR=%%F" ) ) ) )
echo And the year is... %_YEAR%.
echo.
endlocal
Another approach is using UnboundID. Its api is very readable and shorter
Create a Ldap Connection
public static LDAPConnection getConnection() throws LDAPException {
// host, port, username and password
return new LDAPConnection("com.example.local", 389, "[email protected]", "admin");
}
Get filter result
public static List<SearchResultEntry> getResults(LDAPConnection connection, String baseDN, String filter) throws LDAPSearchException {
SearchResult searchResult;
if (connection.isConnected()) {
searchResult = connection.search(baseDN, SearchScope.ONE, filter);
return searchResult.getSearchEntries();
}
return null;
}
Get all Oragnization Units and Containers
String baseDN = "DC=com,DC=example,DC=local";
String filter = "(&(|(objectClass=organizationalUnit)(objectClass=container)))";
LDAPConnection connection = getConnection();
List<SearchResultEntry> results = getResults(connection, baseDN, filter);
Get a specific Organization Unit
String baseDN = "DC=com,DC=example,DC=local";
String dn = "CN=Users,DC=com,DC=example,DC=local";
String filterFormat = "(&(|(objectClass=organizationalUnit)(objectClass=container))(distinguishedName=%s))";
String filter = String.format(filterFormat, dn);
LDAPConnection connection = getConnection();
List<SearchResultEntry> results = getResults(connection, baseDN, filter);
Get all users under an Organizational Unit
String baseDN = "CN=Users,DC=com,DC=example,DC=local";
String filter = "(&(objectClass=user)(!(objectCategory=computer)))";
LDAPConnection connection = getConnection();
List<SearchResultEntry> results = getResults(connection, baseDN, filter);
Get a specific user under an Organization Unit
String baseDN = "CN=Users,DC=com,DC=example,DC=local";
String userDN = "CN=abc,CN=Users,DC=com,DC=example,DC=local";
String filterFormat = "(&(objectClass=user)(distinguishedName=%s))";
String filter = String.format(filterFormat, userDN);
LDAPConnection connection = getConnection();
List<SearchResultEntry> results = getResults(connection, baseDN, filter);
Display result
for (SearchResultEntry e : results) {
System.out.println("name: " + e.getAttributeValue("name"));
}
I believe there is a difference. Let's rename them so that we can talk about them more easily:
const double PI1 = 3.141592653589793;
constexpr double PI2 = 3.141592653589793;
Both PI1
and PI2
are constant, meaning you can not modify them. However only PI2
is a compile-time constant. It shall be initialized at compile time. PI1
may be initialized at compile time or run time. Furthermore, only PI2
can be used in a context that requires a compile-time constant. For example:
constexpr double PI3 = PI1; // error
but:
constexpr double PI3 = PI2; // ok
and:
static_assert(PI1 == 3.141592653589793, ""); // error
but:
static_assert(PI2 == 3.141592653589793, ""); // ok
As to which you should use? Use whichever meets your needs. Do you want to ensure that you have a compile time constant that can be used in contexts where a compile-time constant is required? Do you want to be able to initialize it with a computation done at run time? Etc.
make it simple :D
function dataURItoBlob(dataURI,mime) {
// convert base64 to raw binary data held in a string
// doesn't handle URLEncoded DataURIs
var byteString = window.atob(dataURI);
// separate out the mime component
// write the bytes of the string to an ArrayBuffer
//var ab = new ArrayBuffer(byteString.length);
var ia = new Uint8Array(byteString.length);
for (var i = 0; i < byteString.length; i++) {
ia[i] = byteString.charCodeAt(i);
}
// write the ArrayBuffer to a blob, and you're done
var blob = new Blob([ia], { type: mime });
return blob;
}
It depends what is a use of those tables, but you might consider putting trigger on original table on insert and update. When insert or update is done, update the second table based on only one item from the original table. It will be quicker.
Try this code, maybe useful.
1.Create New C# Project and add follows code to Form1:
using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
namespace ExampleCrypto
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string strOriginalData = string.Empty;
string strEncryptedData = string.Empty;
string strDecryptedData = string.Empty;
strOriginalData = "this is original data 1234567890"; // your original data in here
MessageBox.Show("ORIGINAL DATA:\r\n" + strOriginalData);
clsCrypto aes = new clsCrypto();
aes.IV = "this is your IV"; // your IV
aes.KEY = "this is your KEY"; // your KEY
strEncryptedData = aes.Encrypt(strOriginalData, CipherMode.CBC); // your cipher mode
MessageBox.Show("ENCRYPTED DATA:\r\n" + strEncryptedData);
strDecryptedData = aes.Decrypt(strEncryptedData, CipherMode.CBC);
MessageBox.Show("DECRYPTED DATA:\r\n" + strDecryptedData);
}
}
}
2.Create clsCrypto.cs and copy paste follows code in your class and run your code. I used MD5 to generated Initial Vector(IV) and KEY of AES.
using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Metadata.W3cXsd2001;
namespace ExampleCrypto
{
public class clsCrypto
{
private string _KEY = string.Empty;
protected internal string KEY
{
get
{
return _KEY;
}
set
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
{
_KEY = value;
}
}
}
private string _IV = string.Empty;
protected internal string IV
{
get
{
return _IV;
}
set
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
{
_IV = value;
}
}
}
private string CalcMD5(string strInput)
{
string strOutput = string.Empty;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(strInput))
{
try
{
StringBuilder strHex = new StringBuilder();
using (MD5 md5 = MD5.Create())
{
byte[] bytArText = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strInput);
byte[] bytArHash = md5.ComputeHash(bytArText);
for (int i = 0; i < bytArHash.Length; i++)
{
strHex.Append(bytArHash[i].ToString("X2"));
}
strOutput = strHex.ToString();
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
return strOutput;
}
private byte[] GetBytesFromHexString(string strInput)
{
byte[] bytArOutput = new byte[] { };
if ((!string.IsNullOrEmpty(strInput)) && strInput.Length % 2 == 0)
{
SoapHexBinary hexBinary = null;
try
{
hexBinary = SoapHexBinary.Parse(strInput);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
bytArOutput = hexBinary.Value;
}
return bytArOutput;
}
private byte[] GenerateIV()
{
byte[] bytArOutput = new byte[] { };
try
{
string strIV = CalcMD5(IV);
bytArOutput = GetBytesFromHexString(strIV);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
return bytArOutput;
}
private byte[] GenerateKey()
{
byte[] bytArOutput = new byte[] { };
try
{
string strKey = CalcMD5(KEY);
bytArOutput = GetBytesFromHexString(strKey);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
return bytArOutput;
}
protected internal string Encrypt(string strInput, CipherMode cipherMode)
{
string strOutput = string.Empty;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(strInput))
{
try
{
byte[] bytePlainText = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strInput);
using (RijndaelManaged rijManaged = new RijndaelManaged())
{
rijManaged.Mode = cipherMode;
rijManaged.BlockSize = 128;
rijManaged.KeySize = 128;
rijManaged.IV = GenerateIV();
rijManaged.Key = GenerateKey();
rijManaged.Padding = PaddingMode.Zeros;
ICryptoTransform icpoTransform = rijManaged.CreateEncryptor(rijManaged.Key, rijManaged.IV);
using (MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (CryptoStream cpoStream = new CryptoStream(memStream, icpoTransform, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cpoStream.Write(bytePlainText, 0, bytePlainText.Length);
cpoStream.FlushFinalBlock();
}
strOutput = Encoding.Default.GetString(memStream.ToArray());
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
return strOutput;
}
protected internal string Decrypt(string strInput, CipherMode cipherMode)
{
string strOutput = string.Empty;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(strInput))
{
try
{
byte[] byteCipherText = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strInput);
byte[] byteBuffer = new byte[strInput.Length];
using (RijndaelManaged rijManaged = new RijndaelManaged())
{
rijManaged.Mode = cipherMode;
rijManaged.BlockSize = 128;
rijManaged.KeySize = 128;
rijManaged.IV = GenerateIV();
rijManaged.Key = GenerateKey();
rijManaged.Padding = PaddingMode.Zeros;
ICryptoTransform icpoTransform = rijManaged.CreateDecryptor(rijManaged.Key, rijManaged.IV);
using (MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream(byteCipherText))
{
using (CryptoStream cpoStream = new CryptoStream(memStream, icpoTransform, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
{
cpoStream.Read(byteBuffer, 0, byteBuffer.Length);
}
strOutput = Encoding.Default.GetString(byteBuffer);
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
return strOutput;
}
}
}
For me the issue were the multithreaded tests that were doing stubbing/verification on a shared mocks. It leaded to randomly throwing WrongTypeOfReturnValue
exception.
This is not properly written test using Mockito. Mocks should not be accessed from multiple threads.
The solution was to make mocks local to each test.
It's a little difficult to tell what you're trying to achieve, but assuming you're trying to get a Base64 string that when decoded is abcdef==
, the following should work:
byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("abcdef==");
string base64 = Convert.ToBase64String(bytes);
Console.WriteLine(base64);
This will output: YWJjZGVmPT0=
which is abcdef==
encoded in Base64.
Edit:
To decode a Base64 string, simply use Convert.FromBase64String()
. E.g.
string base64 = "YWJjZGVmPT0=";
byte[] bytes = Convert.FromBase64String(base64);
At this point, bytes
will be a byte[]
(not a string
). If we know that the byte array represents a string in UTF8, then it can be converted back to the string form using:
string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
Console.WriteLine(str);
This will output the original input string, abcdef==
in this case.
You can do it like this:
uint8_t (*matrix_ptr)[10][20] = &l_matrix;
For 3.x version
$( '.modal' ).modal( 'hide' ).data( 'bs.modal', null );
For 2.x version (risky; read comments below) When you create bootstrap modal three elements on your page being changed. So if you want to completely rollback all changes, you have to do it manually for each of it.
$( '.modal' ).remove();
$( '.modal-backdrop' ).remove();
$( 'body' ).removeClass( "modal-open" );
Here is the difference:
Imperative:
... and so on and on ...
Declarative, whereof functional is a subcategory:
... and so on and on ...
Summary: In imperative languages you tell the computer how to change bits, bytes and words in it's memory and in what order. In functional ones, we tell the computer what things, actions etc. are. For example, we say that the factorial of 0 is 1, and the factorial of every other natural number is the product of that number and the factorial of its predecessor. We don't say: To compute the factorial of n, reserve a memory region and store 1 there, then multiply the number in that memory region with the numbers 2 to n and store the result at the same place, and at the end, the memory region will contain the factorial.
For those interested, Spring MVC (3.x at least) returns a 400 in this case, which seems wrong to me.
I tested several Google URLs (accounts.google.com) and removed required parameters, and they generally return a 404 in this case.
I would copy Google.
If you need to change only size (Swift 4.0):
button.titleLabel?.font = button.titleLabel?.font.withSize(12)
Easiest way to share code is with a public gist. Just write one up and paste in the embed code. Easy peasy.
To address the search engine issue, one can use hidden div
on the page as simple as:
<div style="display:none"> content </div>
Drawable d = getResources().getDrawable(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_email);
ImageView image = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.image);
image.setImageDrawable(d);
Here is how I do it on iOS 9 in Swift -
import UIKit
class CustomView : UIView {
init() {
super.init(frame: UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds);
//for debug validation
self.backgroundColor = UIColor.blueColor();
print("My Custom Init");
return;
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) { fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented"); }
}
Here is a full project with example:
According to the documentation return false;
should do the job.
We can break the $.each() loop [..] by making the callback function return false.
Return false in the callback:
function callback(indexInArray, valueOfElement) {
var booleanKeepGoing;
this; // == valueOfElement (casted to Object)
return booleanKeepGoing; // optional, unless false
// and want to stop looping
}
BTW, continue
works like this:
Returning non-false is the same as a continue statement in a for loop; it will skip immediately to the next iteration.
For an attribute value that needs to be interpolated in a directive that is not using an isolated scope, e.g.,
<input my-directive value="{{1+1}}">
use Attributes' method $observe
:
myApp.directive('myDirective', function () {
return function (scope, element, attr) {
attr.$observe('value', function(actual_value) {
element.val("value = "+ actual_value);
})
}
});
From the directive page,
observing interpolated attributes: Use
$observe
to observe the value changes of attributes that contain interpolation (e.g.src="{{bar}}"
). Not only is this very efficient but it's also the only way to easily get the actual value because during the linking phase the interpolation hasn't been evaluated yet and so the value is at this time set toundefined
.
If the attribute value is just a constant, e.g.,
<input my-directive value="123">
you can use $eval if the value is a number or boolean, and you want the correct type:
return function (scope, element, attr) {
var number = scope.$eval(attr.value);
console.log(number, number + 1);
});
If the attribute value is a string constant, or you want the value to be string type in your directive, you can access it directly:
return function (scope, element, attr) {
var str = attr.value;
console.log(str, str + " more");
});
In your case, however, since you want to support interpolated values and constants, use $observe
.
I've got this error when I accidentally defined a property as a specific object type, instead of the interface type I have defined in UnityContainer.
For example:
Defining UnityContainer:
var container = new UnityContainer();
container.RegisterInstance(typeof(IDashboardRepository), DashboardRepository);
config.DependencyResolver = new UnityResolver(container);
SiteController (the wrong way - notice repo type):
private readonly DashboardRepository _repo;
public SiteController(DashboardRepository repo)
{
_repo = repo;
}
SiteController (the right way):
private readonly IDashboardRepository _repo;
public SiteController(IDashboardRepository repo)
{
_repo = repo;
}
The settings file is never created automatically, you must create it yourself, whether you use embedded or "real" maven.
Create it at the following location <your home folder>/.m2/settings.xml
e.g. C:\Users\YourUserName\.m2\settings.xml
on Windows or /home/YourUserName/.m2/settings.xml
on Linux
Here's an empty skeleton you can use:
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
<localRepository/>
<interactiveMode/>
<usePluginRegistry/>
<offline/>
<pluginGroups/>
<servers/>
<mirrors/>
<proxies/>
<profiles/>
<activeProfiles/>
</settings>
If you use Eclipse to edit it, it will give you auto-completion when editing it.
And here's the Maven settings.xml Reference page
Here's what I found.
stop:
schtasks /end /s <machine name> /tn <task name>
start:
schtasks /run /s <machine name> /tn <task name>
C:\>schtasks /?
SCHTASKS /parameter [arguments]
Description:
Enables an administrator to create, delete, query, change, run and
end scheduled tasks on a local or remote system. Replaces AT.exe.
Parameter List:
/Create Creates a new scheduled task.
/Delete Deletes the scheduled task(s).
/Query Displays all scheduled tasks.
/Change Changes the properties of scheduled task.
/Run Runs the scheduled task immediately.
/End Stops the currently running scheduled task.
/? Displays this help message.
Examples:
SCHTASKS
SCHTASKS /?
SCHTASKS /Run /?
SCHTASKS /End /?
SCHTASKS /Create /?
SCHTASKS /Delete /?
SCHTASKS /Query /?
SCHTASKS /Change /?
This approach will work with any psql command from the simplest to the most complex without requiring any changes or adjustments to the original command.
NOTE: For Linux servers.
MODEL
read -r -d '' FILE_CONTENT << 'HEREDOC'
[COMMAND_CONTENT]
HEREDOC
echo -n "$FILE_CONTENT" > sqlcmd
EXAMPLE
read -r -d '' FILE_CONTENT << 'HEREDOC'
DO $f$
declare
curid INT := 0;
vdata BYTEA;
badid VARCHAR;
loc VARCHAR;
begin
FOR badid IN SELECT some_field FROM public.some_base LOOP
begin
select 'ctid - '||ctid||'pagenumber - '||(ctid::text::point) [0]::bigint
into loc
from public.some_base where some_field = badid;
SELECT file||' '
INTO vdata
FROM public.some_base where some_field = badid;
exception
when others then
raise notice 'Block/PageNumber - % ',loc;
raise notice 'Corrupted id - % ', badid;
--return;
end;
end loop;
end;
$f$;
HEREDOC
echo -n "$FILE_CONTENT" > sqlcmd
MODEL
sudo -u postgres psql [some_db] -c "$(cat sqlcmd)" >>sqlop 2>&1
EXAMPLE
sudo -u postgres psql some_db -c "$(cat sqlcmd)" >>sqlop 2>&1
cat sqlop
Done! Thanks! =D
In Windows 10, it's still 8191 characters...at least on my machine.
It just cuts off any text after 8191 characters. Well, actually, I got 8196 characters, and after 8196, then it just won't let me type any more.
Here's a script that will test how long of a statement you can use. Well, assuming you have gawk/awk installed.
echo rem this is a test of how long of a line that a .cmd script can generate >testbat.bat
gawk 'BEGIN {printf "echo -----";for (i=10;i^<=100000;i +=10) printf "%%06d----",i;print;print "pause";}' >>testbat.bat
testbat.bat
I found that user controls can exist in the same project.
As others have mentioned, AutoToolboxPopulate must be set to True.
Create the desired user control.
Select Build Solution.
If the new user control doesn't show up in the toolbox, close/open Visual Studio.
If the user controls still aren't showing up in the toolbox, right click on the toolbox and select Reset Toolbox. Then select Build Solution. If they still aren't there, restart Visual Studio.
There must not be any build errors when the solution is built, otherwise new toolbox items will not be added to the toolbox.
To truncate:
// Math.trunc() is part of the ES6 spec
console.log(Math.trunc( 1.5 )); // returns 1
console.log(Math.trunc( -1.5 )); // returns -1
// Math.floor( -1.5 ) would return -2, which is probably not what you wanted
_x000D_
To round:
console.log(Math.round( 1.5 )); // 2
console.log(Math.round( 1.49 )); // 1
console.log(Math.round( -1.6 )); // -2
console.log(Math.round( -1.3 )); // -1
_x000D_
setAllowUrlEncodedSlash(true)
didn't work for me. Still internal method isNormalized
return false
when having double slash.
I replaced StrictHttpFirewall
with DefaultHttpFirewall
by having the following code only:
@Bean
public HttpFirewall defaultHttpFirewall() {
return new DefaultHttpFirewall();
}
Working well for me.
Any risk by using DefaultHttpFirewall
?
Some arrays don't work with functions like list
, reset
or current
. Maybe they're "faux" arrays - partially implementing ArrayIterator, for example.
If you want to pull the first value regardless of the array, you can short-circuit an iterator:
foreach($array_with_unknown_keys as $value) break;
Your value will then be available in $value
and the loop will break after the first iteration. This is more efficient than copying a potentially large array to a function like array_unshift(array_values($arr)).
You can grab the key this way too:
foreach($array_with_unknown_keys as $key=>$value) break;
If you're calling this from a function, simply return early:
function grab_first($arr) {
foreach($arr as $value) return $value;
}
I didn't like any of the above answers because none of them correctly handle the mixture of strings/numbers that can be values in TypeScript enums.
The following function follows the semantics of TypeScript enums to give a proper Map of keys to values. From there, getting an array of objects or just the keys or just the values is trivial.
/**
* Converts the given enum to a map of the keys to the values.
* @param enumeration The enum to convert to a map.
*/
function enumToMap(enumeration: any): Map<string, string | number> {
const map = new Map<string, string | number>();
for (let key in enumeration) {
//TypeScript does not allow enum keys to be numeric
if (!isNaN(Number(key))) continue;
const val = enumeration[key] as string | number;
//TypeScript does not allow enum value to be null or undefined
if (val !== undefined && val !== null)
map.set(key, val);
}
return map;
}
Example Usage:
enum Dog {
Rover = 1,
Lassie = "Collie",
Fido = 3,
Cody = "Mutt",
}
let map = enumToMap(Dog); //Map of keys to values
let objs = Array.from(map.entries()).map(m => ({id: m[1], name: m[0]})); //Objects as asked for in OP
let entries = Array.from(map.entries()); //Array of each entry
let keys = Array.from(map.keys()); //An array of keys
let values = Array.from(map.values()); //An array of values
I'll also point out that the OP is thinking of enums backwards. The "key" in the enum is technically on the left hand side and the value is on the right hand side. TypeScript allows you to repeat the values on the RHS as much as you'd like.
Use ifelse
:
frame$twohouses <- ifelse(frame$data>=2, 2, 1)
frame
data twohouses
1 0 1
2 1 1
3 2 2
4 3 2
5 4 2
...
16 0 1
17 2 2
18 1 1
19 2 2
20 0 1
21 4 2
The difference between if
and ifelse
:
if
is a control flow statement, taking a single logical value as an argumentifelse
is a vectorised function, taking vectors as all its arguments.The help page for if
, accessible via ?"if"
will also point you to ?ifelse
Thanks for the above codes! - I tried several options and this was the ticket. I had problems in that preventDefault was preventing scrolling on the ipad - I am now testing for draggable items and it works great so far.
if (event.target.id == 'draggable_item' ) {
event.preventDefault();
}
Look at my code, but be aware. I use async/await, because latest Chrome beta can read any es6 code, which gets by TypeScript with compilation. So, you must replace asyns/await by .then()
.
Input change handler:
/**
* @param fileInput
*/
public psdTemplateSelectionHandler (fileInput: any){
let FileList: FileList = fileInput.target.files;
for (let i = 0, length = FileList.length; i < length; i++) {
this.psdTemplates.push(FileList.item(i));
}
this.progressBarVisibility = true;
}
Submit handler:
public async psdTemplateUploadHandler (): Promise<any> {
let result: any;
if (!this.psdTemplates.length) {
return;
}
this.isSubmitted = true;
this.fileUploadService.getObserver()
.subscribe(progress => {
this.uploadProgress = progress;
});
try {
result = await this.fileUploadService.upload(this.uploadRoute, this.psdTemplates);
} catch (error) {
document.write(error)
}
if (!result['images']) {
return;
}
this.saveUploadedTemplatesData(result['images']);
this.redirectService.redirect(this.redirectRoute);
}
FileUploadService. That service also stored uploading progress in progress$ property, and in other places, you can subscribe on it and get new value every 500ms.
import { Component } from 'angular2/core';
import { Injectable } from 'angular2/core';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
import 'rxjs/add/operator/share';
@Injectable()
export class FileUploadService {
/**
* @param Observable<number>
*/
private progress$: Observable<number>;
/**
* @type {number}
*/
private progress: number = 0;
private progressObserver: any;
constructor () {
this.progress$ = new Observable(observer => {
this.progressObserver = observer
});
}
/**
* @returns {Observable<number>}
*/
public getObserver (): Observable<number> {
return this.progress$;
}
/**
* Upload files through XMLHttpRequest
*
* @param url
* @param files
* @returns {Promise<T>}
*/
public upload (url: string, files: File[]): Promise<any> {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
let formData: FormData = new FormData(),
xhr: XMLHttpRequest = new XMLHttpRequest();
for (let i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
formData.append("uploads[]", files[i], files[i].name);
}
xhr.onreadystatechange = () => {
if (xhr.readyState === 4) {
if (xhr.status === 200) {
resolve(JSON.parse(xhr.response));
} else {
reject(xhr.response);
}
}
};
FileUploadService.setUploadUpdateInterval(500);
xhr.upload.onprogress = (event) => {
this.progress = Math.round(event.loaded / event.total * 100);
this.progressObserver.next(this.progress);
};
xhr.open('POST', url, true);
xhr.send(formData);
});
}
/**
* Set interval for frequency with which Observable inside Promise will share data with subscribers.
*
* @param interval
*/
private static setUploadUpdateInterval (interval: number): void {
setInterval(() => {}, interval);
}
}
I hope it will be helpful for others.
// put below code (method) in Adapter class
public void filter(String charText) {
charText = charText.toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault());
myList.clear();
if (charText.length() == 0) {
myList.addAll(arraylist);
}
else
{
for (MyBean wp : arraylist) {
if (wp.getName().toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault()).contains(charText)) {
myList.add(wp);
}
}
}
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
declare below code in adapter class
private ArrayList<MyBean> myList; // for loading main list
private ArrayList<MyBean> arraylist=null; // for loading filter data
below code in adapter Constructor
this.arraylist = new ArrayList<MyBean>();
this.arraylist.addAll(myList);
and below code in your activity class
final EditText searchET = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.search_et);
// Capture Text in EditText
searchET.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() {
@Override
public void afterTextChanged(Editable arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String text = searchET.getText().toString().toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault());
adapter.filter(text);
}
@Override
public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence arg0, int arg1,
int arg2, int arg3) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void onTextChanged(CharSequence arg0, int arg1, int arg2,
int arg3) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
});
I find that nameof
increases the readability of very long and complex SQL statements in my applications. It makes the variables stand out of that sea of strings and eliminates your job of figuring out where the variables are used in your SQL statements.
public bool IsFooAFoo(string foo, string bar)
{
var aVeryLongAndComplexQuery = $@"SELECT yada, yada
-- long query in here
WHERE fooColumn = @{nameof(foo)}
AND barColumn = @{nameof(bar)}
-- long query here";
SqlParameter[] parameters = {
new SqlParameter(nameof(foo), SqlDBType.VarChar, 10){ Value = foo },
new SqlParameter(nameof(bar), SqlDBType.VarChar, 10){ Value = bar },
}
}
For the usecase as presented in the question, you can also just multiply the logical condition with 1
(or maybe even better, with 1L
):
# example data
df1 <- data.frame(yr = 1951:1960)
# create the dummies
df1$is.1957 <- 1L * (df1$yr == 1957)
df1$after.1957 <- 1L * (df1$yr >= 1957)
which gives:
> df1 yr is.1957 after.1957 1 1951 0 0 2 1952 0 0 3 1953 0 0 4 1954 0 0 5 1955 0 0 6 1956 0 0 7 1957 1 1 8 1958 0 1 9 1959 0 1 10 1960 0 1
For the usecases as presented in for example the answers of @zx8754 and @Sotos, there are still some other options which haven't been covered yet imo.
1) Make your own make_dummies
-function
# example data
df2 <- data.frame(id = 1:5, year = c(1991:1994,1992))
# create a function
make_dummies <- function(v, prefix = '') {
s <- sort(unique(v))
d <- outer(v, s, function(v, s) 1L * (v == s))
colnames(d) <- paste0(prefix, s)
d
}
# bind the dummies to the original dataframe
cbind(df2, make_dummies(df2$year, prefix = 'y'))
which gives:
id year y1991 y1992 y1993 y1994 1 1 1991 1 0 0 0 2 2 1992 0 1 0 0 3 3 1993 0 0 1 0 4 4 1994 0 0 0 1 5 5 1992 0 1 0 0
2) use the dcast
-function from either data.table or reshape2
dcast(df2, id + year ~ year, fun.aggregate = length)
which gives:
id year 1991 1992 1993 1994 1 1 1991 1 0 0 0 2 2 1992 0 1 0 0 3 3 1993 0 0 1 0 4 4 1994 0 0 0 1 5 5 1992 0 1 0 0
However, this will not work when there are duplicate values in the column for which the dummies have to be created. In the case a specific aggregation function is needed for dcast
and the result of of dcast
need to be merged back to the original:
# example data
df3 <- data.frame(var = c("B", "C", "A", "B", "C"))
# aggregation function to get dummy values
f <- function(x) as.integer(length(x) > 0)
# reshape to wide with the cumstom aggregation function and merge back to the original
merge(df3, dcast(df3, var ~ var, fun.aggregate = f), by = 'var', all.x = TRUE)
which gives (note that the result is ordered according to the by
column):
var A B C 1 A 1 0 0 2 B 0 1 0 3 B 0 1 0 4 C 0 0 1 5 C 0 0 1
3) use the spread
-function from tidyr (with mutate
from dplyr)
library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
df2 %>%
mutate(v = 1, yr = year) %>%
spread(yr, v, fill = 0)
which gives:
id year 1991 1992 1993 1994 1 1 1991 1 0 0 0 2 2 1992 0 1 0 0 3 3 1993 0 0 1 0 4 4 1994 0 0 0 1 5 5 1992 0 1 0 0
There are several issues:
getElementsByClassName()
.Example (untested):
<script type="text/javascript">
function hideTd(className){
var elements = document.getElementsByClassName(className);
for(var i = 0, length = elements.length; i < length; i++) {
if( elements[i].textContent == ''){
elements[i].style.display = 'none';
}
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="hideTd('td');">
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td class="td">not empty</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="td"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="td"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
Note that getElementsByClassName()
is not available up to and including IE8.
Update:
Alternatively you can give the table an ID and use:
var elements = document.getElementById('tableID').getElementsByTagName('td');
to get all td
elements.
To hide the parent row, use the parentNode
property of the element:
elements[i].parentNode.style.display = "none";
NewValue = (((OldValue - OldMin) * (NewMax - NewMin)) / (OldMax - OldMin)) + NewMin
Or a little more readable:
OldRange = (OldMax - OldMin)
NewRange = (NewMax - NewMin)
NewValue = (((OldValue - OldMin) * NewRange) / OldRange) + NewMin
Or if you want to protect for the case where the old range is 0 (OldMin = OldMax):
OldRange = (OldMax - OldMin)
if (OldRange == 0)
NewValue = NewMin
else
{
NewRange = (NewMax - NewMin)
NewValue = (((OldValue - OldMin) * NewRange) / OldRange) + NewMin
}
Note that in this case we're forced to pick one of the possible new range values arbitrarily. Depending on context, sensible choices could be: NewMin
(see sample), NewMax
or (NewMin + NewMax) / 2
One option not mentioned in other posts is Helios. It is built by spotify and does not try to do too much.
UTF-8 and UCS-2/UTF-16 can be distinguished reasonably easily via a byte order mark at the start of the file. If this exists then it's a pretty good bet that the file is in that encoding - but it's not a dead certainty. You may well also find that the file is in one of those encodings, but doesn't have a byte order mark.
I don't know much about ISO-8859-2, but I wouldn't be surprised if almost every file is a valid text file in that encoding. The best you'll be able to do is check it heuristically. Indeed, the Wikipedia page talking about it would suggest that only byte 0x7f is invalid.
There's no idea of reading a file "as it is" and yet getting text out - a file is a sequence of bytes, so you have to apply a character encoding in order to decode those bytes into characters.
Source by stackoverflow
You have endless loop in place:
function save() {
var filename = id('filename').value;
var name = id('name').value;
var text = id('text').value;
save(filename, name, text);
}
No idea what you're trying to accomplish with that endless loop but first of all get rid of it and see if things are working.
unit test: testing of individual module or independent component in an application is known to be unit testing , the unit testing will be done by developer.
integration test: combining all the modules and testing the application to verify the communication and the data flow between the modules are working properly or not , this testing also performed by developers.
funcional test checking the individual functionality of an application is mean to be functional testing
acceptance testing this testing is done by end user or customer whether the build application is according to the customer requirement , and customer specification this is known to be acceptance testing
In Swift 3, you can simply use CGPoint.zero
or CGRect.zero
in place of CGRectZero
or CGPointZero
.
However, in Swift 4, CGRect.zero
and 'CGPoint.zero'
will work
Why do you need it to be of type GenericWebApplicationContext
?
I think you can probably work with any ApplicationContext type.
Usually you would use an init method (in addition to your setter method):
@PostConstruct
public void init(){
AutowireCapableBeanFactory bf = this.applicationContext
.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory();
// wire stuff here
}
And you would wire beans by using either
AutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowire(Class, int mode, boolean dependencyInject)
or
AutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(Object existingbean, String beanName)
Try a case statement
WHERE
CASE WHEN @zipCode IS NULL THEN 1
ELSE @zipCode
END
I was able to resolve my problem of the missing acceleration with the following workflow on Windows 10, Lenovo, Intel Core i7 CPU:
Changed to the HAXM setup folder: C:\Users\\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\extras\intel\Hardware_Accelerated_Execution_Manager
Opened a cmd (MS-DOS) shell Window and executed haxm_check.exe
to check whether CPU supports HAXM - it outputs in my case:
VT support -- yes
NX support -- yes
So, I knew this most be a setup problem. So, I started the setup program intelhaxm-android.exe
in the same folder with Admin account and removed the installed components. After that, I've attempted to re-install with the same setup program and got this output:
So, I went into the CPU section of the BIOS and turned on acceleration/Virtualization - went back to the setup program and re-ran it, this time I was pleased to see this output:
After that, I restarted Android Studio and used Tools>AVD Manager to define a new image for an emulator. I was then able to see the emulator starting up succesfully by clicking the play button in the list of emulators in the AVD Manager's list:
or by - Opening a sample project that compiles OK - using File > Sync Project with Gradle Files (to build all artifacts) - Select the app item in the Android (TW) and click Run > Run 'app' - Select the previously configured Emaulator showed me this :-)
Hope this helps to troubleshoot others with their problems that are really caused by a bad setup implementation since the missing acceleration option was silently swallowed by the Android Studio setup program ... :-(
For those who came here looking for a find and remove an object from an array:
Swift 1
if let index = find(itemList, item) {
itemList.removeAtIndex(index)
}
Swift 2
if let index = itemList.indexOf(item) {
itemList.removeAtIndex(index)
}
Swift 3, 4
if let index = itemList.index(of: item) {
itemList.remove(at: index)
}
Swift 5.2
if let index = itemList.firstIndex(of: item) {
itemList.remove(at: index)
}
There is a super simple way.
in BaseActivity, Activity or Fragment override attachBaseContext
override fun attachBaseContext(context: Context) {
super.attachBaseContext(context.changeLocale("tr"))
}
extension
fun Context.changeLocale(language:String): Context {
val locale = Locale(language)
Locale.setDefault(locale)
val config = this.resources.configuration
config.setLocale(locale)
return createConfigurationContext(config)
}
So, strictly speaking, the "type of a variable" is always present, and can be passed around as a type parameter. For example:
val x = 5
def f[T](v: T) = v
f(x) // T is Int, the type of x
But depending on what you want to do, that won't help you. For instance, may want not to know what is the type of the variable, but to know if the type of the value is some specific type, such as this:
val x: Any = 5
def f[T](v: T) = v match {
case _: Int => "Int"
case _: String => "String"
case _ => "Unknown"
}
f(x)
Here it doesn't matter what is the type of the variable, Any
. What matters, what is checked is the type of 5
, the value. In fact, T
is useless -- you might as well have written it def f(v: Any)
instead. Also, this uses either ClassTag
or a value's Class
, which are explained below, and cannot check the type parameters of a type: you can check whether something is a List[_]
(List
of something), but not whether it is, for example, a List[Int]
or List[String]
.
Another possibility is that you want to reify the type of the variable. That is, you want to convert the type into a value, so you can store it, pass it around, etc. This involves reflection, and you'll be using either ClassTag
or a TypeTag
. For example:
val x: Any = 5
import scala.reflect.ClassTag
def f[T](v: T)(implicit ev: ClassTag[T]) = ev.toString
f(x) // returns the string "Any"
A ClassTag
will also let you use type parameters you received on match
. This won't work:
def f[A, B](a: A, b: B) = a match {
case _: B => "A is a B"
case _ => "A is not a B"
}
But this will:
val x = 'c'
val y = 5
val z: Any = 5
import scala.reflect.ClassTag
def f[A, B: ClassTag](a: A, b: B) = a match {
case _: B => "A is a B"
case _ => "A is not a B"
}
f(x, y) // A (Char) is not a B (Int)
f(x, z) // A (Char) is a B (Any)
Here I'm using the context bounds syntax, B : ClassTag
, which works just like the implicit parameter in the previous ClassTag
example, but uses an anonymous variable.
One can also get a ClassTag
from a value's Class
, like this:
val x: Any = 5
val y = 5
import scala.reflect.ClassTag
def f(a: Any, b: Any) = {
val B = ClassTag(b.getClass)
ClassTag(a.getClass) match {
case B => "a is the same class as b"
case _ => "a is not the same class as b"
}
}
f(x, y) == f(y, x) // true, a is the same class as b
A ClassTag
is limited in that it only covers the base class, but not its type parameters. That is, the ClassTag
for List[Int]
and List[String]
is the same, List
. If you need type parameters, then you must use a TypeTag
instead. A TypeTag
however, cannot be obtained from a value, nor can it be used on a pattern match, due to JVM's erasure.
Examples with TypeTag
can get quite complex -- not even comparing two type tags is not exactly simple, as can be seen below:
import scala.reflect.runtime.universe.TypeTag
def f[A, B](a: A, b: B)(implicit evA: TypeTag[A], evB: TypeTag[B]) = evA == evB
type X = Int
val x: X = 5
val y = 5
f(x, y) // false, X is not the same type as Int
Of course, there are ways to make that comparison return true, but it would require a few book chapters to really cover TypeTag
, so I'll stop here.
Finally, maybe you don't care about the type of the variable at all. Maybe you just want to know what is the class of a value, in which case the answer is rather simple:
val x = 5
x.getClass // int -- technically, an Int cannot be a class, but Scala fakes it
It would be better, however, to be more specific about what you want to accomplish, so that the answer can be more to the point.
I've been using:
new SolidColorBrush((Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#ffaacc"));
Enum value names must follow the same naming rules as all identifiers in C#, therefore only first name is correct.
NamingException's answer worked for me. Except I used
var date = $("#date").dtpicker({ dateFormat: 'dd,MM,yyyy' }).val()
datepicker
didn't work but dtpicker
did.
The Swift documentation recommends the following way to initialize an empty Dictionary:
var emptyDict = [String: String]()
I was a little confused when I first came across this question because different answers showed different ways to initialize an empty Dictionary. It turns out that there are actually a lot of ways you can do it, though some are a little redundant or overly verbose given Swift's ability to infer the type.
var emptyDict = [String: String]()
var emptyDict = Dictionary<String, String>()
var emptyDict: [String: String] = [:]
var emptyDict: [String: String] = [String: String]()
var emptyDict: [String: String] = Dictionary<String, String>()
var emptyDict: Dictionary = [String: String]()
var emptyDict: Dictionary = Dictionary<String, String>()
var emptyDict: Dictionary<String, String> = [:]
var emptyDict: Dictionary<String, String> = [String: String]()
var emptyDict: Dictionary<String, String> = Dictionary<String, String>()
After you have an empty Dictionary you can add a key-value pair like this:
emptyDict["some key"] = "some value"
If you want to empty your dictionary again, you can do the following:
emptyDict = [:]
The types are still <String, String>
because that is how it was initialized.
10 * * * Sun
Position 1 for minutes, allowed values are 1-60
position 2 for hours, allowed values are 1-24
position 3 for day of month ,allowed values are 1-31
position 4 for month ,allowed values are 1-12
position 5 for day of week ,allowed values are 1-7 or and the day starts at Monday.
Use the "containment" option:
jQuery UI API - Draggable Widget - containment
The documentation says it only accepts the values: 'parent'
, 'document'
, 'window'
, [x1, y1, x2, y2]
but I seem to remember it will accept a selector such as '#container' too.
These are automatic variables, like $null
, $true
, $false
etc.
about_Automatic_Variables
, see https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh847768.aspx?f=255&MSPPError=-2147217396
$NULL
$null
is an automatic variable that contains a NULL or empty value. You can use this variable to represent an absent or undefined value in commands and scripts.Windows PowerShell treats
$null
as an object with a value, that is, as an explicit placeholder, so you can use $null to represent an empty value in a series of values.For example, when
$null
is included in a collection, it is counted as one of the objects.C:\PS> $a = ".dir", $null, ".pdf" C:\PS> $a.count 3
If you pipe the
$null
variable to theForEach-Object
cmdlet, it generates a value for$null
, just as it does for the other objects.PS C:\ps-test> ".dir", $null, ".pdf" | Foreach {"Hello"} Hello Hello Hello
As a result, you cannot use
$null
to mean "no parameter value." A parameter value of$null
overrides the default parameter value.However, because Windows PowerShell treats the
$null
variable as a placeholder, you can use it scripts like the following one, which would not work if$null
were ignored.$calendar = @($null, $null, “Meeting”, $null, $null, “Team Lunch”, $null) $days = Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday" $currentDay = 0 foreach($day in $calendar) { if($day –ne $null) { "Appointment on $($days[$currentDay]): $day" } $currentDay++ }
output:
Appointment on Tuesday: Meeting Appointment on Friday: Team lunch
You are missing a comma in your statement.
Try this:
data[data[, "Var1"]>10, ]
Or:
data[data$Var1>10, ]
Or:
subset(data, Var1>10)
As an example, try it on the built-in dataset, mtcars
data(mtcars)
mtcars[mtcars[, "mpg"]>25, ]
mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
Fiat 128 32.4 4 78.7 66 4.08 2.200 19.47 1 1 4 1
Honda Civic 30.4 4 75.7 52 4.93 1.615 18.52 1 1 4 2
Toyota Corolla 33.9 4 71.1 65 4.22 1.835 19.90 1 1 4 1
Fiat X1-9 27.3 4 79.0 66 4.08 1.935 18.90 1 1 4 1
Porsche 914-2 26.0 4 120.3 91 4.43 2.140 16.70 0 1 5 2
Lotus Europa 30.4 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90 1 1 5 2
mtcars[mtcars$mpg>25, ]
mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
Fiat 128 32.4 4 78.7 66 4.08 2.200 19.47 1 1 4 1
Honda Civic 30.4 4 75.7 52 4.93 1.615 18.52 1 1 4 2
Toyota Corolla 33.9 4 71.1 65 4.22 1.835 19.90 1 1 4 1
Fiat X1-9 27.3 4 79.0 66 4.08 1.935 18.90 1 1 4 1
Porsche 914-2 26.0 4 120.3 91 4.43 2.140 16.70 0 1 5 2
Lotus Europa 30.4 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90 1 1 5 2
subset(mtcars, mpg>25)
mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
Fiat 128 32.4 4 78.7 66 4.08 2.200 19.47 1 1 4 1
Honda Civic 30.4 4 75.7 52 4.93 1.615 18.52 1 1 4 2
Toyota Corolla 33.9 4 71.1 65 4.22 1.835 19.90 1 1 4 1
Fiat X1-9 27.3 4 79.0 66 4.08 1.935 18.90 1 1 4 1
Porsche 914-2 26.0 4 120.3 91 4.43 2.140 16.70 0 1 5 2
Lotus Europa 30.4 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90 1 1 5 2
You can move your page using
window.location.href =Url;
After 5.0.13, in stored procedures, you can use dynamic SQL:
delimiter //
CREATE PROCEDURE dynamic(IN tbl CHAR(64), IN col CHAR(64))
BEGIN
SET @s = CONCAT('SELECT ',col,' FROM ',tbl );
PREPARE stmt FROM @s;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
END
//
delimiter ;
Dynamic SQL does not work in functions or triggers. See the MySQL documentation for more uses.
Java and Javascript are similar like Car and Carpet are similar.
gstreamer can handle webcam input. If I remeber well, there are python bindings for it!
You can also accomplish this using the sqldf
package as shown below:
library(sqldf)
x <- read.table(text='Name Month Rate1 Rate2
Aira 1 12 23
Aira 2 18 73
Aira 3 19 45
Ben 1 53 19
Ben 2 22 87
Ben 3 19 45
Cat 1 22 87
Cat 2 67 43
Cat 3 45 32', header=TRUE)
sqldf("
select
Name
,avg(Rate1) as Rate1_float
,avg(Rate2) as Rate2_float
,avg(Rate1) as Rate1
,avg(Rate2) as Rate2
from x
group by
Name
")
# Name Rate1_float Rate2_float Rate1 Rate2
#1 Aira 16.33333 47.00000 16 47
#2 Ben 31.33333 50.33333 31 50
#3 Cat 44.66667 54.00000 44 54
I am a recent convert to dplyr
as shown in other answers, but sqldf
is nice as most data analysts/data scientists/developers have at least some fluency in SQL. In this way, I think it tends to make for more universally readable code than dplyr
or other solutions presented above.
UPDATE: In responding to the comment below, I attempted to update the code as shown above. However, the behavior was not as I expected. It seems that the column definition (i.e. int
vs float
) is only carried through when the column alias matches the original column name. When you specify a new name, the aggregate column is returned without rounding.
The easiest way to do it is to use the End
method, which is gives you the cell that you reach by pressing the end key and then a direction when you're on a cell (in this case B6). This won't give you what you expect if B6 or B7 is empty, though.
Dim start_cell As Range
Set start_cell = Range("[Workbook1.xlsx]Sheet1!B6")
Range(start_cell, start_cell.End(xlDown)).Copy Range("[Workbook2.xlsx]Sheet1!A2")
If you can't use End
, then you would have to use a loop.
Dim start_cell As Range, end_cell As Range
Set start_cell = Range("[Workbook1.xlsx]Sheet1!B6")
Set end_cell = start_cell
Do Until IsEmpty(end_cell.Offset(1, 0))
Set end_cell = end_cell.Offset(1, 0)
Loop
Range(start_cell, end_cell).Copy Range("[Workbook2.xlsx]Sheet1!A2")
If variable1
is a string, and you are searching for a substring in it, this should work:
when: '"value" in variable1'
if variable1
is an array or dict instead, in
will search for the exact string as one of its items.
The Node REPL uses the underscore variable to hold the result of the last operation, so it conflicts with the Underscore library's use of the same variable. Try something like this:
Admin-MacBook-Pro:test admin$ node
> _und = require("./underscore-min")
{ [Function]
_: [Circular],
VERSION: '1.1.4',
forEach: [Function],
each: [Function],
map: [Function],
inject: [Function],
(...more functions...)
templateSettings: { evaluate: /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g, interpolate: /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g },
template: [Function] }
> _und.max([1,2,3])
3
> _und.max([4,5,6])
6
We do this sort of thing all the time for Accelerate.framework, a heavily vectorized OS X / iOS library, where we have to pay attention to alignment all the time. There are quite a few options, one or two of which I didn't see mentioned above.
The fastest method for a small array like this is just stick it on the stack. With GCC / clang:
void my_func( void )
{
uint8_t array[1024] __attribute__ ((aligned(16)));
...
}
No free() required. This is typically two instructions: subtract 1024 from the stack pointer, then AND the stack pointer with -alignment. Presumably the requester needed the data on the heap because its lifespan of the array exceeded the stack or recursion is at work or stack space is at a serious premium.
On OS X / iOS all calls to malloc/calloc/etc. are always 16 byte aligned. If you needed 32 byte aligned for AVX, for example, then you can use posix_memalign:
void *buf = NULL;
int err = posix_memalign( &buf, 32 /*alignment*/, 1024 /*size*/);
if( err )
RunInCirclesWaivingArmsWildly();
...
free(buf);
Some folks have mentioned the C++ interface that works similarly.
It should not be forgotten that pages are aligned to large powers of two, so page-aligned buffers are also 16 byte aligned. Thus, mmap() and valloc() and other similar interfaces are also options. mmap() has the advantage that the buffer can be allocated preinitialized with something non-zero in it, if you want. Since these have page aligned size, you will not get the minimum allocation from these, and it will likely be subject to a VM fault the first time you touch it.
Cheesy: Turn on guard malloc or similar. Buffers that are n*16 bytes in size such as this one will be n*16 bytes aligned, because VM is used to catch overruns and its boundaries are at page boundaries.
Some Accelerate.framework functions take in a user supplied temp buffer to use as scratch space. Here we have to assume that the buffer passed to us is wildly misaligned and the user is actively trying to make our life hard out of spite. (Our test cases stick a guard page right before and after the temp buffer to underline the spite.) Here, we return the minimum size we need to guarantee a 16-byte aligned segment somewhere in it, and then manually align the buffer afterward. This size is desired_size + alignment - 1. So, In this case that is 1024 + 16 - 1 = 1039 bytes. Then align as so:
#include <stdint.h>
void My_func( uint8_t *tempBuf, ... )
{
uint8_t *alignedBuf = (uint8_t*)
(((uintptr_t) tempBuf + ((uintptr_t)alignment-1))
& -((uintptr_t) alignment));
...
}
Adding alignment-1 will move the pointer past the first aligned address and then ANDing with -alignment (e.g. 0xfff...ff0 for alignment=16) brings it back to the aligned address.
As described by other posts, on other operating systems without 16-byte alignment guarantees, you can call malloc with the larger size, set aside the pointer for free() later, then align as described immediately above and use the aligned pointer, much as described for our temp buffer case.
As for aligned_memset, this is rather silly. You only have to loop in up to 15 bytes to reach an aligned address, and then proceed with aligned stores after that with some possible cleanup code at the end. You can even do the cleanup bits in vector code, either as unaligned stores that overlap the aligned region (providing the length is at least the length of a vector) or using something like movmaskdqu. Someone is just being lazy. However, it is probably a reasonable interview question if the interviewer wants to know whether you are comfortable with stdint.h, bitwise operators and memory fundamentals, so the contrived example can be forgiven.
An easy way to remember it is the way "canonical" is used in theological circles, canonical truth is the real truth so if two people find it they have found the same truth. Same with canonical instance. If you think you have found two of them (i.e. a.equals(b)
) you really only have one (i.e. a == b
). So equality implies identity in the case of canonical object.
Now for the comparison. You now have the choice of using a==b
or a.equals(b)
, since they will produce the same answer in the case of canonical instance but a==b is comparison of the reference (the JVM can compare two numbers extremely rapidly as they are just two 32 bit patterns compared to a.equals(b)
which is a method call and involves more overhead.
You might encounter one of these three problems:
A blog post with the summary for all three possible problems might be found here: https://cms4j.wordpress.com/2016/11/29/0x851c0001-the-credentials-you-provided-for-the-sqlserveragent-service-is-invalid/