When you say pair[0], that gives you ("a", 1). The thing in parentheses is a tuple, which, like a list, is a type of collection. So you can access the first element of that thing by specifying [0] or [1] after its name. So all you have to do to get the first element of the first element of pair is say pair[0][0]. Or if you want the second element of the third element, it's pair[2][1].