Programs & Examples On #Split

Use this tag for questions about separating an item (e.g. a string) into parts, often by a delimiter or regular expression.

Split Java String by New Line

package in.javadomain;

public class JavaSplit {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String input = "chennai\nvellore\ncoimbatore\nbangalore\narcot";
        System.out.println("Before split:\n");
        System.out.println(input);

        String[] inputSplitNewLine = input.split("\\n");
        System.out.println("\n After split:\n");
        for(int i=0; i<inputSplitNewLine.length; i++){
            System.out.println(inputSplitNewLine[i]);
        }
    }

}

How to split CSV files as per number of rows specified?

I have a one-liner answer (this example gives you 999 lines of data and one header row per file)

cat bigFile.csv | parallel --header : --pipe -N999 'cat >file_{#}.csv'

https://stackoverflow.com/a/53062251/401226

How to split a string by spaces in a Windows batch file?

easy

batch file:

FOR %%A IN (1 2 3) DO ECHO %%A

command line:

FOR %A IN (1 2 3) DO ECHO %A

output:

1
2
3

How do I iterate over the words of a string?

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<sstream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;

    vector<string> split(const string &s, char delim) {
        vector<string> elems;
        stringstream ss(s);
        string item;
        while (getline(ss, item, delim)) {
            elems.push_back(item);
        }
        return elems;
    }

int main() {

        vector<string> x = split("thi is an sample test",' ');
        unsigned int i;
        for(i=0;i<x.size();i++)
            cout<<i<<":"<<x[i]<<endl;
        return 0;
}

Split list into smaller lists (split in half)

While the answers above are more or less correct, you may run into trouble if the size of your array isn't divisible by 2, as the result of a / 2, a being odd, is a float in python 3.0, and in earlier version if you specify from __future__ import division at the beginning of your script. You are in any case better off going for integer division, i.e. a // 2, in order to get "forward" compatibility of your code.

Tokenizing Error: java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException, dangling metacharacter '*'

No, the problem is that * is a reserved character in regexes, so you need to escape it.

String [] separado = line.split("\\*");

* means "zero or more of the previous expression" (see the Pattern Javadocs), and you weren't giving it any previous expression, making your split expression illegal. This is why the error was a PatternSyntaxException.

PHP: Split a string in to an array foreach char

Since str_split() function is not multibyte safe, an easy solution to split UTF-8 encoded string is to use preg_split() with u (PCRE_UTF8) modifier.

preg_split( '//u', $str, null, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY )

Java: Get last element after split

With Guava:

final Splitter splitter = Splitter.on("-").trimResults();
assertEquals("Günnewig Uebachs", Iterables.getLast(splitter.split(one)));
assertEquals("Madison", Iterables.getLast(splitter.split(two)));

Splitter, Iterables

Split large string in n-size chunks in JavaScript

I created several faster variants which you can see on jsPerf. My favorite one is this:

function chunkSubstr(str, size) {
  const numChunks = Math.ceil(str.length / size)
  const chunks = new Array(numChunks)

  for (let i = 0, o = 0; i < numChunks; ++i, o += size) {
    chunks[i] = str.substr(o, size)
  }

  return chunks
}

how to get the last part of a string before a certain character?

You are looking for str.rsplit(), with a limit:

print x.rsplit('-', 1)[0]

.rsplit() searches for the splitting string from the end of input string, and the second argument limits how many times it'll split to just once.

Another option is to use str.rpartition(), which will only ever split just once:

print x.rpartition('-')[0]

For splitting just once, str.rpartition() is the faster method as well; if you need to split more than once you can only use str.rsplit().

Demo:

>>> x = 'http://test.com/lalala-134'
>>> print x.rsplit('-', 1)[0]
http://test.com/lalala
>>> 'something-with-a-lot-of-dashes'.rsplit('-', 1)[0]
'something-with-a-lot-of'

and the same with str.rpartition()

>>> print x.rpartition('-')[0]
http://test.com/lalala
>>> 'something-with-a-lot-of-dashes'.rpartition('-')[0]
'something-with-a-lot-of'

Regex to split a CSV

Description

Instead of using a split, I think it would be easier to simply execute a match and process all the found matches.

This expression will:

  • divide your sample text on the comma delimits
  • will process empty values
  • will ignore double quoted commas, providing double quotes are not nested
  • trims the delimiting comma from the returned value
  • trims surrounding quotes from the returned value

Regex: (?:^|,)(?=[^"]|(")?)"?((?(1)[^"]*|[^,"]*))"?(?=,|$)

enter image description here

Example

Sample Text

123,2.99,AMO024,Title,"Description, more info",,123987564

ASP example using the non-java expression

Set regEx = New RegExp
regEx.Global = True
regEx.IgnoreCase = True
regEx.MultiLine = True
sourcestring = "your source string"
regEx.Pattern = "(?:^|,)(?=[^""]|("")?)""?((?(1)[^""]*|[^,""]*))""?(?=,|$)"
Set Matches = regEx.Execute(sourcestring)
  For z = 0 to Matches.Count-1
    results = results & "Matches(" & z & ") = " & chr(34) & Server.HTMLEncode(Matches(z)) & chr(34) & chr(13)
    For zz = 0 to Matches(z).SubMatches.Count-1
      results = results & "Matches(" & z & ").SubMatches(" & zz & ") = " & chr(34) & Server.HTMLEncode(Matches(z).SubMatches(zz)) & chr(34) & chr(13)
    next
    results=Left(results,Len(results)-1) & chr(13)
  next
Response.Write "<pre>" & results

Matches using the non-java expression

Group 0 gets the entire substring which includes the comma
Group 1 gets the quote if it's used
Group 2 gets the value not including the comma

[0][0] = 123
[0][1] = 
[0][2] = 123

[1][0] = ,2.99
[1][1] = 
[1][2] = 2.99

[2][0] = ,AMO024
[2][1] = 
[2][2] = AMO024

[3][0] = ,Title
[3][1] = 
[3][2] = Title

[4][0] = ,"Description, more info"
[4][1] = "
[4][2] = Description, more info

[5][0] = ,
[5][1] = 
[5][2] = 

[6][0] = ,123987564
[6][1] = 
[6][2] = 123987564

Splitting String with delimiter

dependencies {
   compile ('org.springframework.kafka:spring-kafka-test:2.2.7.RELEASE') { dep ->
     ['org.apache.kafka:kafka_2.11','org.apache.kafka:kafka-clients'].each { i ->
       def (g, m) = i.tokenize( ':' )
       dep.exclude group: g  , module: m
     }
   }
}

Split string into array of character strings

for(int i=0;i<str.length();i++)
{
System.out.println(str.charAt(i));
}

How to split a data frame?

If you want to split a dataframe according to values of some variable, I'd suggest using daply() from the plyr package.

library(plyr)
x <- daply(df, .(splitting_variable), function(x)return(x))

Now, x is an array of dataframes. To access one of the dataframes, you can index it with the name of the level of the splitting variable.

x$Level1
#or
x[["Level1"]]

I'd be sure that there aren't other more clever ways to deal with your data before splitting it up into many dataframes though.

How do I split a string so I can access item x?

You can split a string in SQL without needing a function:

DECLARE @bla varchar(MAX)
SET @bla = 'BED40DFC-F468-46DD-8017-00EF2FA3E4A4,64B59FC5-3F4D-4B0E-9A48-01F3D4F220B0,A611A108-97CA-42F3-A2E1-057165339719,E72D95EA-578F-45FC-88E5-075F66FD726C'

-- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14712864/how-to-query-values-from-xml-nodes
SELECT 
    x.XmlCol.value('.', 'varchar(36)') AS val 
FROM 
(
    SELECT 
    CAST('<e>' + REPLACE(@bla, ',', '</e><e>') + '</e>' AS xml) AS RawXml
) AS b 
CROSS APPLY b.RawXml.nodes('e') x(XmlCol);

If you need to support arbitrary strings (with xml special characters)

DECLARE @bla NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @bla = '<html>unsafe & safe Utf8CharsDon''tGetEncoded ÄöÜ - "Conex"<html>,Barnes & Noble,abc,def,ghi'

-- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14712864/how-to-query-values-from-xml-nodes
SELECT 
    x.XmlCol.value('.', 'nvarchar(MAX)') AS val 
FROM 
(
    SELECT 
    CAST('<e>' + REPLACE((SELECT @bla FOR XML PATH('')), ',', '</e><e>') + '</e>' AS xml) AS RawXml
) AS b 
CROSS APPLY b.RawXml.nodes('e') x(XmlCol); 

string.split - by multiple character delimiter

Another option:

Replace the string delimiter with a single character, then split on that character.

string input = "abc][rfd][5][,][.";
string[] parts1 = input.Replace("][","-").Split('-');

How to split a string and assign it to variables

Golang does not support implicit unpacking of an slice (unlike python) and that is the reason this would not work. Like the examples given above, we would need to workaround it.

One side note:

The implicit unpacking happens for variadic functions in go:

func varParamFunc(params ...int) {

}

varParamFunc(slice1...)

How to split a string in Ruby and get all items except the first one?

Try this:

first, *rest = ex.split(/, /)

Now first will be the first value, rest will be the rest of the array.

How to split strings into text and number?

This is a little longer, but more versatile for cases where there are multiple, randomly placed, numbers in the string. Also, it requires no imports.

def getNumbers( input ):
    # Collect Info
    compile = ""
    complete = []

    for letter in input:
        # If compiled string
        if compile:
            # If compiled and letter are same type, append letter
            if compile.isdigit() == letter.isdigit():
                compile += letter
            
            # If compiled and letter are different types, append compiled string, and begin with letter
            else:
                complete.append( compile )
                compile = letter
            
        # If no compiled string, begin with letter
        else:
            compile = letter
        
    # Append leftover compiled string
    if compile:
        complete.append( compile )
    
    # Return numbers only
    numbers = [ word for word in complete if word.isdigit() ]
        
    return numbers

Split string into tokens and save them in an array

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main ()
{
    char buf[] ="abc/qwe/ccd";
    int i = 0;
    char *p = strtok (buf, "/");
    char *array[3];

    while (p != NULL)
    {
        array[i++] = p;
        p = strtok (NULL, "/");
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) 
        printf("%s\n", array[i]);

    return 0;
}

Reading a text file and splitting it into single words in python

What you can do is use nltk to tokenize words and then store all of the words in a list, here's what I did. If you don't know nltk; it stands for natural language toolkit and is used to process natural language. Here's some resource if you wanna get started [http://www.nltk.org/book/]

import nltk 
from nltk.tokenize import word_tokenize 
file = open("abc.txt",newline='')
result = file.read()
words = word_tokenize(result)
for i in words:
       print(i)

The output will be this:

09807754
18
n
03
aristocrat
0
blue_blood
0
patrician

How to split a string with any whitespace chars as delimiters

you can split a string by line break by using the following statement :

 String textStr[] = yourString.split("\\r?\\n");

you can split a string by Whitespace by using the following statement :

String textStr[] = yourString.split("\\s+");

How to split a python string on new line characters

? Splitting line in Python:

Have you tried using str.splitlines() method?:

From the docs:

str.splitlines([keepends])

Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at line boundaries. Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends is given and true.

For example:

>>> 'Line 1\n\nLine 3\rLine 4\r\n'.splitlines()
['Line 1', '', 'Line 3', 'Line 4']

>>> 'Line 1\n\nLine 3\rLine 4\r\n'.splitlines(True)
['Line 1\n', '\n', 'Line 3\r', 'Line 4\r\n']

Which delimiters are considered?

This method uses the universal newlines approach to splitting lines.

The main difference between Python 2.X and Python 3.X is that the former uses the universal newlines approach to splitting lines, so "\r", "\n", and "\r\n" are considered line boundaries for 8-bit strings, while the latter uses a superset of it that also includes:

  • \v or \x0b: Line Tabulation (added in Python 3.2).
  • \f or \x0c: Form Feed (added in Python 3.2).
  • \x1c: File Separator.
  • \x1d: Group Separator.
  • \x1e: Record Separator.
  • \x85: Next Line (C1 Control Code).
  • \u2028: Line Separator.
  • \u2029: Paragraph Separator.

splitlines VS split:

Unlike str.split() when a delimiter string sep is given, this method returns an empty list for the empty string, and a terminal line break does not result in an extra line:

>>> ''.splitlines()
[]

>>> 'Line 1\n'.splitlines()
['Line 1']

While str.split('\n') returns:

>>> ''.split('\n')
['']

>>> 'Line 1\n'.split('\n')
['Line 1', '']

?? Removing additional whitespace:

If you also need to remove additional leading or trailing whitespace, like spaces, that are ignored by str.splitlines(), you could use str.splitlines() together with str.strip():

>>> [str.strip() for str in 'Line 1  \n  \nLine 3 \rLine 4 \r\n'.splitlines()]
['Line 1', '', 'Line 3', 'Line 4']

? Removing empty strings (''):

Lastly, if you want to filter out the empty strings from the resulting list, you could use filter():

>>> # Python 2.X:
>>> filter(bool, 'Line 1\n\nLine 3\rLine 4\r\n'.splitlines())
['Line 1', 'Line 3', 'Line 4']

>>> # Python 3.X:
>>> list(filter(bool, 'Line 1\n\nLine 3\rLine 4\r\n'.splitlines()))
['Line 1', 'Line 3', 'Line 4']

Additional comment regarding the original question:

As the error you posted indicates and Burhan suggested, the problem is from the print. There's a related question about that could be useful to you: UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode - character maps to <undefined>, print function

T-SQL split string

/*

Answer to T-SQL split string
Based on answers from Andy Robinson and AviG
Enhanced functionality ref: LEN function not including trailing spaces in SQL Server
This 'file' should be valid as both a markdown file and an SQL file


*/

    CREATE FUNCTION dbo.splitstring ( --CREATE OR ALTER
        @stringToSplit NVARCHAR(MAX)
    ) RETURNS @returnList TABLE ([Item] NVARCHAR (MAX))
    AS BEGIN
        DECLARE @name NVARCHAR(MAX)
        DECLARE @pos BIGINT
        SET @stringToSplit = @stringToSplit + ','             -- this should allow entries that end with a `,` to have a blank value in that "column"
        WHILE ((LEN(@stringToSplit+'_') > 1)) BEGIN           -- `+'_'` gets around LEN trimming terminal spaces. See URL referenced above
            SET @pos = COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(',', @stringToSplit),0),LEN(@stringToSplit+'_')) -- COALESCE grabs first non-null value
            SET @name = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, 1, @pos-1)  --MAX size of string of type nvarchar is 4000 
            SET @stringToSplit = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, @pos+1, 4000) -- With SUBSTRING fn (MS web): "If start is greater than the number of characters in the value expression, a zero-length expression is returned."
            INSERT INTO @returnList SELECT @name --additional debugging parameters below can be added
            -- + ' pos:' + CAST(@pos as nvarchar) + ' remain:''' + @stringToSplit + '''(' + CAST(LEN(@stringToSplit+'_')-1 as nvarchar) + ')'
        END
        RETURN
    END
    GO

/*

Test cases: see URL referenced as "enhanced functionality" above

SELECT *,LEN(Item+'_')-1 'L' from splitstring('a,,b')

Item | L
---  | ---
a    | 1
     | 0
b    | 1

SELECT *,LEN(Item+'_')-1 'L' from splitstring('a,,')

Item | L   
---  | ---
a    | 1
     | 0
     | 0

SELECT *,LEN(Item+'_')-1 'L' from splitstring('a,, ')

Item | L   
---  | ---
a    | 1
     | 0
     | 1

SELECT *,LEN(Item+'_')-1 'L' from splitstring('a,, c ')

Item | L   
---  | ---
a    | 1
     | 0
 c   | 3

*/

Split array into chunks

Hi try this -

 function split(arr, howMany) {
        var newArr = []; start = 0; end = howMany;
        for(var i=1; i<= Math.ceil(arr.length / howMany); i++) {
            newArr.push(arr.slice(start, end));
            start = start + howMany;
            end = end + howMany
        }
        console.log(newArr)
    }
    split([1,2,3,4,55,6,7,8,8,9],3)

How would I get everything before a : in a string Python

You don't need regex for this

>>> s = "Username: How are you today?"

You can use the split method to split the string on the ':' character

>>> s.split(':')
['Username', ' How are you today?']

And slice out element [0] to get the first part of the string

>>> s.split(':')[0]
'Username'

How do I split a string on a delimiter in Bash?

In Bash, a bullet proof way, that will work even if your variable contains newlines:

IFS=';' read -d '' -ra array < <(printf '%s;\0' "$in")

Look:

$ in=$'one;two three;*;there is\na newline\nin this field'
$ IFS=';' read -d '' -ra array < <(printf '%s;\0' "$in")
$ declare -p array
declare -a array='([0]="one" [1]="two three" [2]="*" [3]="there is
a newline
in this field")'

The trick for this to work is to use the -d option of read (delimiter) with an empty delimiter, so that read is forced to read everything it's fed. And we feed read with exactly the content of the variable in, with no trailing newline thanks to printf. Note that's we're also putting the delimiter in printf to ensure that the string passed to read has a trailing delimiter. Without it, read would trim potential trailing empty fields:

$ in='one;two;three;'    # there's an empty field
$ IFS=';' read -d '' -ra array < <(printf '%s;\0' "$in")
$ declare -p array
declare -a array='([0]="one" [1]="two" [2]="three" [3]="")'

the trailing empty field is preserved.


Update for Bash=4.4

Since Bash 4.4, the builtin mapfile (aka readarray) supports the -d option to specify a delimiter. Hence another canonical way is:

mapfile -d ';' -t array < <(printf '%s;' "$in")

How can I parse a CSV string with JavaScript, which contains comma in data?

While reading the CSV file into a string, it contains null values in between strings, so try it with \0 line by line. It works for me.

stringLine = stringLine.replace(/\0/g, "" );

PHP: Split string into array, like explode with no delimiter

$array = str_split("0123456789bcdfghjkmnpqrstvwxyz");

str_split takes an optional 2nd param, the chunk length (default 1), so you can do things like:

$array = str_split("aabbccdd", 2);

// $array[0] = aa
// $array[1] = bb
// $array[2] = cc  etc ...

You can also get at parts of your string by treating it as an array:

$string = "hello";
echo $string[1];

// outputs "e"

How to split a string of space separated numbers into integers?

Just use strip() to remove empty spaces and apply explicit int conversion on the variable.

Ex:

a='1  ,  2, 4 ,6 '
f=[int(i.strip()) for i in a]

A method to reverse effect of java String.split()?

Based on all the previous answers:

public static String join(Iterable<? extends Object> elements, CharSequence separator) 
{
    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();

    if (elements != null)
    {
        Iterator<? extends Object> iter = elements.iterator();
        if(iter.hasNext())
        {
            builder.append( String.valueOf( iter.next() ) );
            while(iter.hasNext())
            {
                builder
                    .append( separator )
                    .append( String.valueOf( iter.next() ) );
            }
        }
    }

    return builder.toString();
}

How to split a string in shell and get the last field

One way:

var1="1:2:3:4:5"
var2=${var1##*:}

Another, using an array:

var1="1:2:3:4:5"
saveIFS=$IFS
IFS=":"
var2=($var1)
IFS=$saveIFS
var2=${var2[@]: -1}

Yet another with an array:

var1="1:2:3:4:5"
saveIFS=$IFS
IFS=":"
var2=($var1)
IFS=$saveIFS
count=${#var2[@]}
var2=${var2[$count-1]}

Using Bash (version >= 3.2) regular expressions:

var1="1:2:3:4:5"
[[ $var1 =~ :([^:]*)$ ]]
var2=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}

Substring in VBA

Test for ':' first, then take test string up to ':' or end, depending on if it was found

Dim strResult As String

' Position of :
intPos = InStr(1, strTest, ":")
If intPos > 0 Then
    ' : found, so take up to :
    strResult = Left(strTest, intPos - 1)
Else
    ' : not found, so take whole string
    strResult = strTest
End If

Split comma separated column data into additional columns

You can use split function.

    SELECT 
    (select top 1 item from dbo.Split(FullName,',') where id=1 ) Column1,
    (select top 1 item from dbo.Split(FullName,',') where id=2 ) Column2,
    (select top 1 item from dbo.Split(FullName,',') where id=3 ) Column3,
    (select top 1 item from dbo.Split(FullName,',') where id=4 ) Column4,
    FROM MyTbl

Split a string into array in Perl

Just use /\s+/ against '' as a splitter. In this case all "extra" blanks were removed. Usually this particular behaviour is required. So, in you case it will be:

my $line = "file1.gz file1.gz file3.gz";
my @abc = split(/\s+/, $line);

Attribute Error: 'list' object has no attribute 'split'

The problem is that readlines is a list of strings, each of which is a line of filename. Perhaps you meant:

for line in readlines:
    Type = line.split(",")
    x = Type[1]
    y = Type[2]
    print(x,y)

How can I split a string with a string delimiter?

You are splitting a string on a fairly complex sub string. I'd use regular expressions instead of String.Split. The later is more for tokenizing you text.

For example:

var rx = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex("is Marco and");
var array = rx.Split("My name is Marco and I'm from Italy");

Java string split with "." (dot)

You need to escape the dot if you want to split on a literal dot:

String extensionRemoved = filename.split("\\.")[0];

Otherwise you are splitting on the regex ., which means "any character".
Note the double backslash needed to create a single backslash in the regex.


You're getting an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException because your input string is just a dot, ie ".", which is an edge case that produces an empty array when split on dot; split(regex) removes all trailing blanks from the result, but since splitting a dot on a dot leaves only two blanks, after trailing blanks are removed you're left with an empty array.

To avoid getting an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException for this edge case, use the overloaded version of split(regex, limit), which has a second parameter that is the size limit for the resulting array. When limit is negative, the behaviour of removing trailing blanks from the resulting array is disabled:

".".split("\\.", -1) // returns an array of two blanks, ie ["", ""]

ie, when filename is just a dot ".", calling filename.split("\\.", -1)[0] will return a blank, but calling filename.split("\\.")[0] will throw an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.

Split a string by another string in C#

There is an overload of Split that takes strings.

"THExxQUICKxxBROWNxxFOX".Split(new [] { "xx" }, StringSplitOptions.None);

You can use either of these StringSplitOptions

  • None - The return value includes array elements that contain an empty string
  • RemoveEmptyEntries - The return value does not include array elements that contain an empty string

So if the string is "THExxQUICKxxxxBROWNxxFOX", StringSplitOptions.None will return an empty entry in the array for the "xxxx" part while StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries will not.

How to split a string in Java

// This leaves the regexes issue out of question
// But we must remember that each character in the Delimiter String is treated
// like a single delimiter        

public static String[] SplitUsingTokenizer(String subject, String delimiters) {
   StringTokenizer strTkn = new StringTokenizer(subject, delimiters);
   ArrayList<String> arrLis = new ArrayList<String>(subject.length());

   while(strTkn.hasMoreTokens())
      arrLis.add(strTkn.nextToken());

   return arrLis.toArray(new String[0]);
}

equivalent of vbCrLf in c#

try this:

AccountList.Split(new String[]{"\r\n"},System.StringSplitOptions.None);

or

AccountList.Split(new String[]{"\r\n"},System.StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);

How do I split a string with multiple separators in JavaScript?

Splitting URL by .com/ or .net/

url.split(/\.com\/|\.net\//)

JavaScript split String with white space

You can just split on the word boundary using \b. See MDN

"\b: Matches a zero-width word boundary, such as between a letter and a space."

You should also make sure it is followed by whitespace \s. so that strings like "My car isn't red" still work:

var stringArray = str.split(/\b(\s)/);

The initial \b is required to take multiple spaces into account, e.g. my car is red

EDIT: Added grouping

What is causing the error `string.split is not a function`?

document.location isn't a string.

You're probably wanting to use document.location.href or document.location.pathname instead.

How to split a String by space

Very Simple Example below:

Hope it helps.

String str = "Hello I'm your String";
String[] splited = str.split(" ");
var splited = str.split(" ");
var splited1=splited[0]; //Hello
var splited2=splited[1]; //I'm
var splited3=splited[2]; //your
var splited4=splited[3]; //String

Split string with string as delimiter

I recently discovered an interesting trick that allows to "Split String With String As Delimiter", so I couldn't resist the temptation to post it here as a new answer. Note that "obviously the question wasn't accurate. Firstly, both string1 and string2 can contain spaces. Secondly, both string1 and string2 can contain ampersands ('&')". This method correctly works with the new specifications (posted as a comment below Stephan's answer).

@echo off
setlocal

set "str=string1&with spaces by string2&with spaces.txt"

set "string1=%str: by =" & set "string2=%"
set "string2=%string2:.txt=%"

echo "%string1%"
echo "%string2%"

For further details on the split method, see this post.

Python read in string from file and split it into values

Something like this - for each line read into string variable a:

>>> a = "123,456"
>>> b = a.split(",")
>>> b
['123', '456']
>>> c = [int(e) for e in b]
>>> c
[123, 456]
>>> x, y = c
>>> x
123
>>> y
456

Now you can do what is necessary with x and y as assigned, which are integers.

Cancel split window in Vim

From :help opening-window (search for "Closing a window" - /Closing a window)

  • :q[uit] close the current window and buffer. If it is the last window it will also exit vim
  • :bd[elete] unload the current buffer and close the current window
  • :qa[all] or :quita[ll] will close all buffers and windows and exit vim (:qa! to force without saving changes)
  • :clo[se] close the current window but keep the buffer open. If there is only one window this command fails
  • :hid[e] hide the buffer in the current window (Read more at :help hidden)
  • :on[ly] close all other windows but leave all buffers open

Split string on whitespace in Python

Using split() will be the most Pythonic way of splitting on a string.

It's also useful to remember that if you use split() on a string that does not have a whitespace then that string will be returned to you in a list.

Example:

>>> "ark".split()
['ark']

How to split a string into an array of characters in Python?

I explored another two ways to accomplish this task. It may be helpful for someone.

The first one is easy:

In [25]: a = []
In [26]: s = 'foobar'
In [27]: a += s
In [28]: a
Out[28]: ['f', 'o', 'o', 'b', 'a', 'r']

And the second one use map and lambda function. It may be appropriate for more complex tasks:

In [36]: s = 'foobar12'
In [37]: a = map(lambda c: c, s)
In [38]: a
Out[38]: ['f', 'o', 'o', 'b', 'a', 'r', '1', '2']

For example

# isdigit, isspace or another facilities such as regexp may be used
In [40]: a = map(lambda c: c if c.isalpha() else '', s)
In [41]: a
Out[41]: ['f', 'o', 'o', 'b', 'a', 'r', '', '']

See python docs for more methods

Split string into string array of single characters

I believe this is what you're looking for:

char[] characters = "this is a test".ToCharArray();

How to split elements of a list?

Something like:

>>> l = ['element1\t0238.94', 'element2\t2.3904', 'element3\t0139847']
>>> [i.split('\t', 1)[0] for i in l]
['element1', 'element2', 'element3']

Split string in JavaScript and detect line break

Here's the final code I [OP] used. Probably not best practice, but it worked.

function wrapText(context, text, x, y, maxWidth, lineHeight) {

    var breaks = text.split('\n');
    var newLines = "";
    for(var i = 0; i < breaks.length; i ++){
      newLines = newLines + breaks[i] + ' breakLine ';
    }

    var words = newLines.split(' ');
    var line = '';
    console.log(words);
    for(var n = 0; n < words.length; n++) {
      if(words[n] != 'breakLine'){
        var testLine = line + words[n] + ' ';
        var metrics = context.measureText(testLine);
        var testWidth = metrics.width;
        if (testWidth > maxWidth && n > 0) {
          context.fillText(line, x, y);
          line = words[n] + ' ';
          y += lineHeight;
        }
        else {
          line = testLine;
        }
      }else{
          context.fillText(line, x, y);
          line = '';
          y += lineHeight;
      }
    }
    context.fillText(line, x, y);
  }

Splitting a continuous variable into equal sized groups

ntile from dplyr now does this but behaves weirdly with NA's.

I've used similar code in the following function that works in base R and does the equivalent of the cut2 solution above:

ntile_ <- function(x, n) {
    b <- x[!is.na(x)]
    q <- floor((n * (rank(b, ties.method = "first") - 1)/length(b)) + 1)
    d <- rep(NA, length(x))
    d[!is.na(x)] <- q
    return(d)
}

How can I convert a comma-separated string to an array?

Return function

var array = (new Function("return [" + str+ "];")());

Its accept string and objectstrings:

var string = "0,1";

var objectstring = '{Name:"Tshirt", CatGroupName:"Clothes", Gender:"male-female"}, {Name:"Dress", CatGroupName:"Clothes", Gender:"female"}, {Name:"Belt", CatGroupName:"Leather", Gender:"child"}';

var stringArray = (new Function("return [" + string+ "];")());

var objectStringArray = (new Function("return [" + objectstring+ "];")());

JSFiddle https://jsfiddle.net/7ne9L4Lj/1/

Splitting a string at every n-th character

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (String part : getParts("foobarspam", 3)) {
            System.out.println(part);
        }
    }
    private static List<String> getParts(String string, int partitionSize) {
        List<String> parts = new ArrayList<String>();
        int len = string.length();
        for (int i=0; i<len; i+=partitionSize)
        {
            parts.add(string.substring(i, Math.min(len, i + partitionSize)));
        }
        return parts;
    }
}

Java replace all square brackets in a string

You're currently trying to remove the exact string [] - two square brackets with nothing between them. Instead, you want to remove all [ and separately remove all ].

Personally I would avoid using replaceAll here as it introduces more confusion due to the regex part - I'd use:

String replaced = original.replace("[", "").replace("]", "");

Only use the methods which take regular expressions if you really want to do full pattern matching. When you just want to replace all occurrences of a fixed string, replace is simpler to read and understand.

(There are alternative approaches which use the regular expression form and really match patterns, but I think the above code is significantly simpler.)

Java String split removed empty values

From the documentation of String.split(String regex):

This method works as if by invoking the two-argument split method with the given expression and a limit argument of zero. Trailing empty strings are therefore not included in the resulting array.

So you will have to use the two argument version String.split(String regex, int limit) with a negative value:

String[] split = data.split("\\|",-1);

Doc:

If the limit n is greater than zero then the pattern will be applied at most n - 1 times, the array's length will be no greater than n, and the array's last entry will contain all input beyond the last matched delimiter. If n is non-positive then the pattern will be applied as many times as possible and the array can have any length. If n is zero then the pattern will be applied as many times as possible, the array can have any length, and trailing empty strings will be discarded.

This will not leave out any empty elements, including the trailing ones.

How to split a comma-separated string?

This is an easy way to split string by comma,

import java.util.*;

public class SeparatedByComma{
public static void main(String []args){
     String listOfStates = "Hasalak, Mahiyanganaya, Dambarawa, Colombo";
     List<String> stateList = Arrays.asList(listOfStates.split("\\,"));
     System.out.println(stateList);
 }
}

Split data frame string column into multiple columns

The subject is almost exhausted, I 'd like though to offer a solution to a slightly more general version where you don't know the number of output columns, a priori. So for example you have

before = data.frame(attr = c(1,30,4,6), type=c('foo_and_bar','foo_and_bar_2', 'foo_and_bar_2_and_bar_3', 'foo_and_bar'))
  attr                    type
1    1             foo_and_bar
2   30           foo_and_bar_2
3    4 foo_and_bar_2_and_bar_3
4    6             foo_and_bar

We can't use dplyr separate() because we don't know the number of the result columns before the split, so I have then created a function that uses stringr to split a column, given the pattern and a name prefix for the generated columns. I hope the coding patterns used, are correct.

split_into_multiple <- function(column, pattern = ", ", into_prefix){
  cols <- str_split_fixed(column, pattern, n = Inf)
  # Sub out the ""'s returned by filling the matrix to the right, with NAs which are useful
  cols[which(cols == "")] <- NA
  cols <- as.tibble(cols)
  # name the 'cols' tibble as 'into_prefix_1', 'into_prefix_2', ..., 'into_prefix_m' 
  # where m = # columns of 'cols'
  m <- dim(cols)[2]

  names(cols) <- paste(into_prefix, 1:m, sep = "_")
  return(cols)
}

We can then use split_into_multiple in a dplyr pipe as follows:

after <- before %>% 
  bind_cols(split_into_multiple(.$type, "_and_", "type")) %>% 
  # selecting those that start with 'type_' will remove the original 'type' column
  select(attr, starts_with("type_"))

>after
  attr type_1 type_2 type_3
1    1    foo    bar   <NA>
2   30    foo  bar_2   <NA>
3    4    foo  bar_2  bar_3
4    6    foo    bar   <NA>

And then we can use gather to tidy up...

after %>% 
  gather(key, val, -attr, na.rm = T)

   attr    key   val
1     1 type_1   foo
2    30 type_1   foo
3     4 type_1   foo
4     6 type_1   foo
5     1 type_2   bar
6    30 type_2 bar_2
7     4 type_2 bar_2
8     6 type_2   bar
11    4 type_3 bar_3

How to count the number of lines of a string in javascript

Hmm yeah... what you're doing is absolutely wrong. When you say str.split("\r\n|\r|\n") it will try to find the exact string "\r\n|\r|\n". That's where you're wrong. There's no such occurance in the whole string. What you really want is what David Hedlund suggested:

lines = str.split(/\r\n|\r|\n/);
return lines.length;

The reason is that the split method doesn't convert strings into regular expressions in JavaScript. If you want to use a regexp, use a regexp.

splitting a string based on tab in the file

An other regex-based solution:

>>> strs = "foo\tbar\t\tspam"

>>> r = re.compile(r'([^\t]*)\t*')
>>> r.findall(strs)[:-1]
['foo', 'bar', 'spam']

Split a List into smaller lists of N size

One more

public static IList<IList<T>> SplitList<T>(this IList<T> list, int chunkSize)
{
    var chunks = new List<IList<T>>();
    List<T> chunk = null;
    for (var i = 0; i < list.Count; i++)
    {
        if (i % chunkSize == 0)
        {
            chunk = new List<T>(chunkSize);
            chunks.Add(chunk);
        }
        chunk.Add(list[i]);
    }
    return chunks;
}

Splitting on last delimiter in Python string?

Use .rsplit() or .rpartition() instead:

s.rsplit(',', 1)
s.rpartition(',')

str.rsplit() lets you specify how many times to split, while str.rpartition() only splits once but always returns a fixed number of elements (prefix, delimiter & postfix) and is faster for the single split case.

Demo:

>>> s = "a,b,c,d"
>>> s.rsplit(',', 1)
['a,b,c', 'd']
>>> s.rsplit(',', 2)
['a,b', 'c', 'd']
>>> s.rpartition(',')
('a,b,c', ',', 'd')

Both methods start splitting from the right-hand-side of the string; by giving str.rsplit() a maximum as the second argument, you get to split just the right-hand-most occurrences.

splitting a number into the integer and decimal parts

This also works for me

>>> val_int = int(a)
>>> val_fract = a - val_int

c++ boost split string

My best guess at why you had problems with the ----- covering your first result is that you actually read the input line from a file. That line probably had a \r on the end so you ended up with something like this:

-----------test2-------test3

What happened is the machine actually printed this:

test-------test2-------test3\r-------

That means, because of the carriage return at the end of test3, that the dashes after test3 were printed over the top of the first word (and a few of the existing dashes between test and test2 but you wouldn't notice that because they were already dashes).

How can I split a text into sentences?

Using spacy:

import spacy

nlp = spacy.load('en_core_web_sm')
text = "How are you today? I hope you have a great day"
tokens = nlp(text)
for sent in tokens.sents:
    print(sent.string.strip())

Excel CSV. file with more than 1,048,576 rows of data

Try PowerPivot from Microsoft. Here you can find a step by step tutorial. It worked for my 4M+ rows!

enter image description here

Split string with multiple delimiters in Python

In response to Jonathan's answer above, this only seems to work for certain delimiters. For example:

>>> a='Beautiful, is; better*than\nugly'
>>> import re
>>> re.split('; |, |\*|\n',a)
['Beautiful', 'is', 'better', 'than', 'ugly']

>>> b='1999-05-03 10:37:00'
>>> re.split('- :', b)
['1999-05-03 10:37:00']

By putting the delimiters in square brackets it seems to work more effectively.

>>> re.split('[- :]', b)
['1999', '05', '03', '10', '37', '00']

How to split one string into multiple strings separated by at least one space in bash shell?

echo $WORDS | xargs -n1 echo

This outputs every word, you can process that list as you see fit afterwards.

Get first word of string

Split again by a whitespace:

var firstWords = [];
for (var i=0;i<codelines.length;i++)
{
  var words = codelines[i].split(" ");
  firstWords.push(words[0]);
}

Or use String.prototype.substr() (probably faster):

var firstWords = [];
for (var i=0;i<codelines.length;i++)
{
  var codeLine = codelines[i];
  var firstWord = codeLine.substr(0, codeLine.indexOf(" "));
  firstWords.push(firstWord);
}

Split String by delimiter position using oracle SQL

Therefore, I would like to separate the string by the furthest delimiter.

I know this is an old question, but this is a simple requirement for which SUBSTR and INSTR would suffice. REGEXP are still slower and CPU intensive operations than the old subtsr and instr functions.

SQL> WITH DATA AS
  2    ( SELECT 'F/P/O' str FROM dual
  3    )
  4  SELECT SUBSTR(str, 1, Instr(str, '/', -1, 1) -1) part1,
  5         SUBSTR(str, Instr(str, '/', -1, 1) +1) part2
  6  FROM DATA
  7  /

PART1 PART2
----- -----
F/P   O

As you said you want the furthest delimiter, it would mean the first delimiter from the reverse.

You approach was fine, but you were missing the start_position in INSTR. If the start_position is negative, the INSTR function counts back start_position number of characters from the end of string and then searches towards the beginning of string.

Split Strings into words with multiple word boundary delimiters

I think the following is the best answer to suite your needs :

\W+ maybe suitable for this case, but may not be suitable for other cases.

filter(None, re.compile('[ |,|\-|!|?]').split( "Hey, you - what are you doing here!?")

The split() method in Java does not work on a dot (.)

The documentation on split() says:

Splits this string around matches of the given regular expression.

(Emphasis mine.)

A dot is a special character in regular expression syntax. Use Pattern.quote() on the parameter to split() if you want the split to be on a literal string pattern:

String[] words = temp.split(Pattern.quote("."));

Easiest way to split a string on newlines in .NET?

Well, actually split should do:

//Constructing string...
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.AppendLine("first line");
sb.AppendLine("second line");
sb.AppendLine("third line");
string s = sb.ToString();
Console.WriteLine(s);

//Splitting multiline string into separate lines
string[] splitted = s.Split(new string[] {System.Environment.NewLine}, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);

// Output (separate lines)
for( int i = 0; i < splitted.Count(); i++ )
{
    Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", i, splitted[i]);
}

How to split a delimited string into an array in awk?

To split a string to an array in awk we use the function split():

 awk '{split($0, a, ":")}'
 #           ^^  ^  ^^^
 #            |  |   |
 #       string  |   delimiter
 #               |
 #               array to store the pieces

If no separator is given, it uses the FS, which defaults to the space:

$ awk '{split($0, a); print a[2]}' <<< "a:b c:d e"
c:d

We can give a separator, for example ::

$ awk '{split($0, a, ":"); print a[2]}' <<< "a:b c:d e"
b c

Which is equivalent to setting it through the FS:

$ awk -F: '{split($0, a); print a[1]}' <<< "a:b c:d e"
b c

In gawk you can also provide the separator as a regexp:

$ awk '{split($0, a, ":*"); print a[2]}' <<< "a:::b c::d e" #note multiple :
b c

And even see what the delimiter was on every step by using its fourth parameter:

$ awk '{split($0, a, ":*", sep); print a[2]; print sep[1]}' <<< "a:::b c::d e"
b c
:::

Let's quote the man page of GNU awk:

split(string, array [, fieldsep [, seps ] ])

Divide string into pieces separated by fieldsep and store the pieces in array and the separator strings in the seps array. The first piece is stored in array[1], the second piece in array[2], and so forth. The string value of the third argument, fieldsep, is a regexp describing where to split string (much as FS can be a regexp describing where to split input records). If fieldsep is omitted, the value of FS is used. split() returns the number of elements created. seps is a gawk extension, with seps[i] being the separator string between array[i] and array[i+1]. If fieldsep is a single space, then any leading whitespace goes into seps[0] and any trailing whitespace goes into seps[n], where n is the return value of split() (i.e., the number of elements in array).

How can I split a string into segments of n characters?

If you didn't want to use a regular expression...

var chunks = [];

for (var i = 0, charsLength = str.length; i < charsLength; i += 3) {
    chunks.push(str.substring(i, i + 3));
}

jsFiddle.

...otherwise the regex solution is pretty good :)

String delimiter in string.split method

Double quotes are interpreted as literals in regex; they are not special characters. You are trying to match a literal "||".

Just use Pattern.quote(delimiter):

As requested, here's a line of code (same as Sanjay's)

final String[] tokens = line.split(Pattern.quote(delimiter));

If that doesn't work, you're not passing in the correct delimiter.

How to split a string into a list?

Depending on what you plan to do with your sentence-as-a-list, you may want to look at the Natural Language Took Kit. It deals heavily with text processing and evaluation. You can also use it to solve your problem:

import nltk
words = nltk.word_tokenize(raw_sentence)

This has the added benefit of splitting out punctuation.

Example:

>>> import nltk
>>> s = "The fox's foot grazed the sleeping dog, waking it."
>>> words = nltk.word_tokenize(s)
>>> words
['The', 'fox', "'s", 'foot', 'grazed', 'the', 'sleeping', 'dog', ',', 
'waking', 'it', '.']

This allows you to filter out any punctuation you don't want and use only words.

Please note that the other solutions using string.split() are better if you don't plan on doing any complex manipulation of the sentence.

[Edited]

Split text file into smaller multiple text file using command line

I know the question has been asked a long time ago, but I am surprised that nobody has given the most straightforward unix answer:

split -l 5000 -d --additional-suffix=.txt $FileName file
  • -l 5000: split file into files of 5,000 lines each.
  • -d: numerical suffix. This will make the suffix go from 00 to 99 by default instead of aa to zz.
  • --additional-suffix: lets you specify the suffix, here the extension
  • $FileName: name of the file to be split.
  • file: prefix to add to the resulting files.

As always, check out man split for more details.

For Mac, the default version of split is apparently dumbed down. You can install the GNU version using the following command. (see this question for more GNU utils)

brew install coreutils

and then you can run the above command by replacing split with gsplit. Check out man gsplit for details.

How can I use "." as the delimiter with String.split() in java

This is definitely not the best way to do this but, I got it done by doing something like following.

String imageName = "my_image.png";
String replace = imageName.replace('.','~');
String[] split = replace.split("~");

System.out.println("Image name : " + split[0]);
System.out.println("Image extension : " + split[1]);

Output,

Image name : my_image
Image extension : png

How to extract a string between two delimiters

If there is only 1 occurrence, the answer of ivanovic is the best way I guess. But if there are many occurrences, you should use regexp:

\[(.*?)\] this is your pattern. And in each group(1) will get you your string.

Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\[(.*?)\\]");
Matcher m = p.matcher(input);
while(m.find())
{
    m.group(1); //is your string. do what you want
}

Is there a function in python to split a word into a list?

>>> list("Word to Split")
['W', 'o', 'r', 'd', ' ', 't', 'o', ' ', 'S', 'p', 'l', 'i', 't']

Java String.split() Regex

You could also do something like:

String str = "a + b - c * d / e < f > g >= h <= i == j";
String[] arr = str.split("(?<=\\G(\\w+(?!\\w+)|==|<=|>=|\\+|/|\\*|-|(<|>)(?!=)))\\s*");

It handles white spaces and words of variable length and produces the array:

[a, +, b, -, c, *, d, /, e, <, f, >, g, >=, h, <=, i, ==, j]

How to use split?

Look in JavaScript split() Method

Usage:

"something -- something_else".split(" -- ") 

Split text with '\r\n'

This worked for me.

string stringSeparators = "\r\n";
string text = sr.ReadToEnd();
string lines = text.Replace(stringSeparators, "");
lines = lines.Replace("\\r\\n", "\r\n");
Console.WriteLine(lines);

The first replace replaces the \r\n from the text file's new lines, and the second replaces the actual \r\n text that is converted to \\r\\n when the files is read. (When the file is read \ becomes \\).

Split string, convert ToList<int>() in one line

You can also do it this way without the need of Linq:

List<int> numbers = new List<int>( Array.ConvertAll(sNumbers.Split(','), int.Parse) );

// Uses Linq
var numbers = Array.ConvertAll(sNumbers.Split(','), int.Parse).ToList();

Split a string into an array of strings based on a delimiter

I always use something similar to this:

Uses
   StrUtils, Classes;

Var
  Str, Delimiter : String;
begin
  // Str is the input string, Delimiter is the delimiter
  With TStringList.Create Do
  try
    Text := ReplaceText(S,Delim,#13#10);

    // From here on and until "finally", your desired result strings are
    // in strings[0].. strings[Count-1)

  finally
    Free; //Clean everything up, and liberate your memory ;-)
  end;

end;

Splitting a dataframe string column into multiple different columns

The way via unlist and matrix seems a bit convoluted, and requires you to hard-code the number of elements (this is actually a pretty big no-go. Of course you could circumvent hard-coding that number and determine it at run-time)

I would go a different route, and construct a data frame directly from the list that strsplit returns. For me, this is conceptually simpler. There are essentially two ways of doing this:

  1. as.data.frame – but since the list is exactly the wrong way round (we have a list of rows rather than a list of columns) we have to transpose the result. We also clear the rownames since they are ugly by default (but that’s strictly unnecessary!):

    `rownames<-`(t(as.data.frame(strsplit(text, '\\.'))), NULL)
    
  2. Alternatively, use rbind to construct a data frame from the list of rows. We use do.call to call rbind with all the rows as separate arguments:

    do.call(rbind, strsplit(text, '\\.'))
    

Both ways yield the same result:

     [,1] [,2] [,3]  [,4]
[1,] "F"  "US" "CLE" "V13"
[2,] "F"  "US" "CA6" "U13"
[3,] "F"  "US" "CA6" "U13"
[4,] "F"  "US" "CA6" "U13"
[5,] "F"  "US" "CA6" "U13"
[6,] "F"  "US" "CA6" "U13"
…

Clearly, the second way is much simpler than the first.

How do you split a list into evenly sized chunks?

This question reminds me of the Raku (formerly Perl 6) .comb(n) method. It breaks up strings into n-sized chunks. (There's more to it than that, but I'll leave out the details.)

It's easy enough to implement a similar function in Python3 as a lambda expression:

comb = lambda s,n: (s[i:i+n] for i in range(0,len(s),n))

Then you can call it like this:

some_list = list(range(0, 20))  # creates a list of 20 elements
generator = comb(some_list, 4)  # creates a generator that will generate lists of 4 elements
for sublist in generator:
    print(sublist)  # prints a sublist of four elements, as it's generated

Of course, you don't have to assign the generator to a variable; you can just loop over it directly like this:

for sublist in comb(some_list, 4):
    print(sublist)  # prints a sublist of four elements, as it's generated

As a bonus, this comb() function also operates on strings:

list( comb('catdogant', 3) )  # returns ['cat', 'dog', 'ant']

Split a large dataframe into a list of data frames based on common value in column

Stumbled across this answer and I actually wanted BOTH groups (data containing that one user and data containing everything but that one user). Not necessary for the specifics of this post, but I thought I would add in case someone was googling the same issue as me.

df <- data.frame(
     ran_data1=rnorm(125),
     ran_data2=rnorm(125),
     g=rep(factor(LETTERS[1:5]), 25)
 )

test_x = split(df,df$g)[['A']]
test_y = split(df,df$g!='A')[['TRUE']]

Here's what it looks like:

head(test_x)
            x          y g
1   1.1362198  1.2969541 A
6   0.5510307 -0.2512449 A
11  0.0321679  0.2358821 A
16  0.4734277 -1.2889081 A
21 -1.2686151  0.2524744 A

> head(test_y)
            x          y g
2 -2.23477293  1.1514810 B
3 -0.46958938 -1.7434205 C
4  0.07365603  0.1111419 D
5 -1.08758355  0.4727281 E
7  0.28448637 -1.5124336 B
8  1.24117504  0.4928257 C

Split string based on regex

I suggest

l = re.compile("(?<!^)\s+(?=[A-Z])(?!.\s)").split(s)

Check this demo.

How to split a string into an array in Bash?

UPDATE: Don't do this, due to problems with eval.

With slightly less ceremony:

IFS=', ' eval 'array=($string)'

e.g.

string="foo, bar,baz"
IFS=', ' eval 'array=($string)'
echo ${array[1]} # -> bar

String split on new line, tab and some number of spaces

Just use .strip(), it removes all whitespace for you, including tabs and newlines, while splitting. The splitting itself can then be done with data_string.splitlines():

[s.strip() for s in data_string.splitlines()]

Output:

>>> [s.strip() for s in data_string.splitlines()]
['Name: John Smith', 'Home: Anytown USA', 'Phone: 555-555-555', 'Other Home: Somewhere Else', 'Notes: Other data', 'Name: Jane Smith', 'Misc: Data with spaces']

You can even inline the splitting on : as well now:

>>> [s.strip().split(': ') for s in data_string.splitlines()]
[['Name', 'John Smith'], ['Home', 'Anytown USA'], ['Phone', '555-555-555'], ['Other Home', 'Somewhere Else'], ['Notes', 'Other data'], ['Name', 'Jane Smith'], ['Misc', 'Data with spaces']]

Split string to equal length substrings in Java

public static List<String> getSplittedString(String stringtoSplit,
            int length) {

        List<String> returnStringList = new ArrayList<String>(
                (stringtoSplit.length() + length - 1) / length);

        for (int start = 0; start < stringtoSplit.length(); start += length) {
            returnStringList.add(stringtoSplit.substring(start,
                    Math.min(stringtoSplit.length(), start + length)));
        }

        return returnStringList;
    }

Split string with delimiters in C

This function takes a char* string and splits it by the deliminator. There can be multiple deliminators in a row. Note that the function modifies the orignal string. You must make a copy of the original string first if you need the original to stay unaltered. This function doesn't use any cstring function calls so it might be a little faster than others. If you don't care about memory allocation, you can allocate sub_strings at the top of the function with size strlen(src_str)/2 and (like the c++ "version" mentioned) skip the bottom half of the function. If you do this, the function is reduced to O(N), but the memory optimized way shown below is O(2N).

The function:

char** str_split(char *src_str, const char deliminator, size_t &num_sub_str){
  //replace deliminator's with zeros and count how many
  //sub strings with length >= 1 exist
  num_sub_str = 0;
  char *src_str_tmp = src_str;
  bool found_delim = true;
  while(*src_str_tmp){
    if(*src_str_tmp == deliminator){
      *src_str_tmp = 0;
      found_delim = true;
    }
    else if(found_delim){ //found first character of a new string
      num_sub_str++;
      found_delim = false;
      //sub_str_vec.push_back(src_str_tmp); //for c++
    }
    src_str_tmp++;
  }
  printf("Start - found %d sub strings\n", num_sub_str);
  if(num_sub_str <= 0){
    printf("str_split() - no substrings were found\n");
    return(0);
  }

  //if you want to use a c++ vector and push onto it, the rest of this function
  //can be omitted (obviously modifying input parameters to take a vector, etc)

  char **sub_strings = (char **)malloc( (sizeof(char*) * num_sub_str) + 1);
  const char *src_str_terminator = src_str_tmp;
  src_str_tmp = src_str;
  bool found_null = true;
  size_t idx = 0;
  while(src_str_tmp < src_str_terminator){
    if(!*src_str_tmp) //found a NULL
      found_null = true;
    else if(found_null){
      sub_strings[idx++] = src_str_tmp;
      //printf("sub_string_%d: [%s]\n", idx-1, sub_strings[idx-1]);
      found_null = false;
    }
    src_str_tmp++;
  }
  sub_strings[num_sub_str] = NULL;

  return(sub_strings);
}

How to use it:

  char months[] = "JAN,FEB,MAR,APR,MAY,JUN,JUL,AUG,SEP,OCT,NOV,DEC";
  char *str = strdup(months);
  size_t num_sub_str;
  char **sub_strings = str_split(str, ',', num_sub_str);
  char *endptr;
  if(sub_strings){
    for(int i = 0; sub_strings[i]; i++)
      printf("[%s]\n", sub_strings[i]);
  }
  free(sub_strings);
  free(str);

Checking out Git tag leads to "detached HEAD state"

Okay, first a few terms slightly oversimplified.

In git, a tag (like many other things) is what's called a treeish. It's a way of referring to a point in in the history of the project. Treeishes can be a tag, a commit, a date specifier, an ordinal specifier or many other things.

Now a branch is just like a tag but is movable. When you are "on" a branch and make a commit, the branch is moved to the new commit you made indicating it's current position.

Your HEAD is pointer to a branch which is considered "current". Usually when you clone a repository, HEAD will point to master which in turn will point to a commit. When you then do something like git checkout experimental, you switch the HEAD to point to the experimental branch which might point to a different commit.

Now the explanation.

When you do a git checkout v2.0, you are switching to a commit that is not pointed to by a branch. The HEAD is now "detached" and not pointing to a branch. If you decide to make a commit now (as you may), there's no branch pointer to update to track this commit. Switching back to another commit will make you lose this new commit you've made. That's what the message is telling you.

Usually, what you can do is to say git checkout -b v2.0-fixes v2.0. This will create a new branch pointer at the commit pointed to by the treeish v2.0 (a tag in this case) and then shift your HEAD to point to that. Now, if you make commits, it will be possible to track them (using the v2.0-fixes branch) and you can work like you usually would. There's nothing "wrong" with what you've done especially if you just want to take a look at the v2.0 code. If however, you want to make any alterations there which you want to track, you'll need a branch.

You should spend some time understanding the whole DAG model of git. It's surprisingly simple and makes all the commands quite clear.

Is there a job scheduler library for node.js?

node-crontab allows you to edit system cron jobs from node.js. Using this library will allow you to run programs even after your main process termintates. Disclaimer: I'm the developer.

Why am I getting ImportError: No module named pip ' right after installing pip?

If you wrote

pip install --upgrade pip

and you got

Installing collected packages: pip
  Attempting uninstall: pip
    Found existing installation: pip 20.2.1
    Uninstalling pip-20.2.1:
ERROR: Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError...

then you have uninstalled pip instead install pip. This could be the reason of your problem.

The Gorodeckij Dimitrij's answer works for me.

python -m ensurepip

Compression/Decompression string with C#

The code to compress/decompress a string

public static void CopyTo(Stream src, Stream dest) {
    byte[] bytes = new byte[4096];

    int cnt;

    while ((cnt = src.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)) != 0) {
        dest.Write(bytes, 0, cnt);
    }
}

public static byte[] Zip(string str) {
    var bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);

    using (var msi = new MemoryStream(bytes))
    using (var mso = new MemoryStream()) {
        using (var gs = new GZipStream(mso, CompressionMode.Compress)) {
            //msi.CopyTo(gs);
            CopyTo(msi, gs);
        }

        return mso.ToArray();
    }
}

public static string Unzip(byte[] bytes) {
    using (var msi = new MemoryStream(bytes))
    using (var mso = new MemoryStream()) {
        using (var gs = new GZipStream(msi, CompressionMode.Decompress)) {
            //gs.CopyTo(mso);
            CopyTo(gs, mso);
        }

        return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(mso.ToArray());
    }
}

static void Main(string[] args) {
    byte[] r1 = Zip("StringStringStringStringStringStringStringStringStringStringStringStringStringString");
    string r2 = Unzip(r1);
}

Remember that Zip returns a byte[], while Unzip returns a string. If you want a string from Zip you can Base64 encode it (for example by using Convert.ToBase64String(r1)) (the result of Zip is VERY binary! It isn't something you can print to the screen or write directly in an XML)

The version suggested is for .NET 2.0, for .NET 4.0 use the MemoryStream.CopyTo.

IMPORTANT: The compressed contents cannot be written to the output stream until the GZipStream knows that it has all of the input (i.e., to effectively compress it needs all of the data). You need to make sure that you Dispose() of the GZipStream before inspecting the output stream (e.g., mso.ToArray()). This is done with the using() { } block above. Note that the GZipStream is the innermost block and the contents are accessed outside of it. The same goes for decompressing: Dispose() of the GZipStream before attempting to access the data.

Android: How do I get string from resources using its name?

getResources().getString(getResources().getIdentifier("propertyName", "string", getPackageName()))

How to remove a column from an existing table?

The simple answer to this is to use this:

ALTER TABLE MEN DROP COLUMN Lname;

More than one column can be specified like this:

ALTER TABLE MEN DROP COLUMN Lname, secondcol, thirdcol;

From SQL Server 2016 it is also possible to only drop the column only if it exists. This stops you getting an error when the column doesn't exist which is something you probably don't care about.

ALTER TABLE MEN DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS Lname;

There are some prerequisites to dropping columns. The columns dropped can't be:

  • Used by an Index
  • Used by CHECK, FOREIGN KEY, UNIQUE, or PRIMARY KEY constraints
  • Associated with a DEFAULT
  • Bound to a rule

If any of the above are true you need to drop those associations first.

Also, it should be noted, that dropping a column does not reclaim the space from the hard disk until the table's clustered index is rebuilt. As such it is often a good idea to follow the above with a table rebuild command like this:

ALTER TABLE MEN REBUILD;

Finally as some have said this can be slow and will probably lock the table for the duration. It is possible to create a new table with the desired structure and then rename like this:

SELECT 
   Fname 
   -- Note LName the column not wanted is not selected
INTO 
   new_MEN
FROM
   MEN;

EXEC sp_rename 'MEN', 'old_MEN';
EXEC sp_rename 'new_MEN', 'MEN';

DROP TABLE old_MEN;

But be warned there is a window for data loss of inserted rows here between the first select and the last rename command.

How do I specify local .gem files in my Gemfile?

You can force bundler to use the gems you deploy using "bundle package" and "bundle install --local"

On your development machine:

bundle install

(Installs required gems and makes Gemfile.lock)

bundle package

(Caches the gems in vendor/cache)

On the server:

bundle install --local

(--local means "use the gems from vendor/cache")

How to get the selected date of a MonthCalendar control in C#

I just noticed that if you do:

monthCalendar1.SelectionRange.Start.ToShortDateString() 

you will get only the date (e.g. 1/25/2014) from a MonthCalendar control.

It's opposite to:

monthCalendar1.SelectionRange.Start.ToString()

//The OUTPUT will be (e.g. 1/25/2014 12:00:00 AM)

Because these MonthCalendar properties are of type DateTime. See the msdn and the methods available to convert to a String representation. Also this may help to convert from a String to a DateTime object where applicable.

Maximum number of rows in an MS Access database engine table?

Practical = 'useful in practice' - so the best you're going to get is anecdotal. Everything else is just prototyping and testing results.

I agree with others - determining 'a max quantity of records' is completely dependent on schema - # tables, # fields, # indexes.

Another anecdote for you: I recently hit 1.6GB file size with 2 primary data stores (tables), of 36 and 85 fields respectively, with some subset copies in 3 additional tables.

Who cares if data is unique or not - only material if context says it is. Data is data is data, unless duplication affects handling by the indexer.

The total row counts making up that 1.6GB is 1.72M.

AngularJS ng-click to go to another page (with Ionic framework)

Use <a> with href instead of a <button> solves my problem.

<ion-nav-buttons side="secondary">
  <a class="button icon-right ion-plus-round" href="#/app/gosomewhere"></a>
</ion-nav-buttons>

javascript set cookie with expire time

I use a function to store cookies with a custom expire time in days:

// use it like: writeCookie("mycookie", "1", 30)
// this will set a cookie for 30 days since now
function writeCookie(name,value,days) {
  if (days) {
    var date = new Date();
    date.setTime(date.getTime()+(days*24*60*60*1000));
    var expires = "; expires="+date.toGMTString();
  }
  else var expires = "";
  document.cookie = name+"="+value+expires+"; path=/";
}

C++ compiling on Windows and Linux: ifdef switch

This response isn't about macro war, but producing error if no matching platform is found.

#ifdef LINUX_KEY_WORD   
... // linux code goes here.  
#elif WINDOWS_KEY_WORD    
... // windows code goes here.  
#else     
#error Platform not supported
#endif

If #error is not supported, you may use static_assert (C++0x) keyword. Or you may implement custom STATIC_ASSERT, or just declare an array of size 0, or have switch that has duplicate cases. In short, produce error at compile time and not at runtime

Get last field using awk substr

Like 5 years late, I know, thanks for all the proposals, I used to do this the following way:

$ echo /home/parent/child1/child2/filename | rev | cut -d '/' -f1 | rev
filename

Glad to notice there are better manners

Java 32-bit vs 64-bit compatibility

All byte code is 8-bit based. (That's why its called BYTE code) All the instructions are a multiple of 8-bits in size. We develop on 32-bit machines and run our servers with 64-bit JVM.

Could you give some detail of the problem you are facing? Then we might have a chance of helping you. Otherwise we would just be guessing what the problem is you are having.

Get total number of items on Json object?

Is that your actual code? A javascript object (which is what you've given us) does not have a length property, so in this case exampleArray.length returns undefined rather than 5.

This stackoverflow explains the length differences between an object and an array, and this stackoverflow shows how to get the 'size' of an object.

How can I plot a confusion matrix?

enter image description here

you can use plt.matshow() instead of plt.imshow() or you can use seaborn module's heatmap (see documentation) to plot the confusion matrix

import seaborn as sn
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
array = [[33,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,3], 
        [3,31,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], 
        [0,4,41,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1], 
        [0,1,0,30,0,6,0,0,0,0,1], 
        [0,0,0,0,38,10,0,0,0,0,0], 
        [0,0,0,3,1,39,0,0,0,0,4], 
        [0,2,2,0,4,1,31,0,0,0,2],
        [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,36,0,2,0], 
        [0,0,0,0,0,0,1,5,37,5,1], 
        [3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,39,0], 
        [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,38]]
df_cm = pd.DataFrame(array, index = [i for i in "ABCDEFGHIJK"],
                  columns = [i for i in "ABCDEFGHIJK"])
plt.figure(figsize = (10,7))
sn.heatmap(df_cm, annot=True)

docker command not found even though installed with apt-get

The Ubuntu package docker actually refers to a GUI application, not the beloved DevOps tool we've come out to look for.

The instructions for docker can be followed per instructions on the docker page here: https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/

=== UPDATED (thanks @Scott Stensland) ===

You now run the following install script to get docker:

`sudo curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh`
  • Note: review the script on the website and make sure you have the right link before continuing since you are running this as sudo.

This will run a script that installs docker. Note the last part of the script:

If you would like to use Docker as a non-root user, you should now consider
adding your user to the "docker" group with something like:

  `sudo usermod -aG docker stens`

Remember that you will have to log out and back in for this to take effect!

To update Docker run:

`sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade`

For more details on what's going on, See the docker install documentation or @Scott Stensland's answer below

.

=== UPDATE: For those uncomfortable w/ sudo | sh ===

Some in the comments have mentioned that it a risk to run an arbitrary script as sudo. The above option is a convenience script from docker to make the task simple. However, for those that are security-focused but don't want to read the script you can do the following:

  1. Add Dependencies
sudo apt-get update; \
sudo apt-get install \
 apt-transport-https \
 ca-certificates \
 curl \
 gnupg-agent \
 software-properties-common
  1. Add docker gpg key

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

(Security check, verify key fingerprint 9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88

$ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88

pub   rsa4096 2017-02-22 [SCEA]
      9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A  E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88
uid           [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb) <[email protected]>
sub   rsa4096 2017-02-22 [S]

)

  1. Setup Repository
sudo add-apt-repository \
   "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
   $(lsb_release -cs) \
   stable"
  1. Install Docker
sudo apt-get update; \
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

If you want to verify that it worked run: sudo docker run hello-world


The following explains why it is named like this: Why install docker on ubuntu should be `sudo apt-get install docker.io`?

JavaScript string and number conversion

r = ("1"+"2"+"3")           // step1 | build string ==> "123"
r = +r                      // step2 | to number    ==> 123
r = r+100                   // step3 | +100         ==> 223
r = ""+r                    // step4 | to string    ==> "223"

//in one line
r = ""+(+("1"+"2"+"3")+100);

How many times a substring occurs

def count_substring(string, sub_string):
    k=len(string)
    m=len(sub_string)
    i=0
    l=0
    count=0
    while l<k:
        if string[l:l+m]==sub_string:
            count=count+1
        l=l+1
    return count

if __name__ == '__main__':
    string = input().strip()
    sub_string = input().strip()

    count = count_substring(string, sub_string)
    print(count)

How to load/reference a file as a File instance from the classpath

This also works, and doesn't require a /path/to/file URI conversion. If the file is on the classpath, this will find it.

File currFile = new File(getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("the_file.txt").getFile());

Could not load file or assembly or one of its dependencies. Access is denied. The issue is random, but after it happens once, it continues

For my scenario, I found that there was a identity node in the web.config file.

<identity impersonate="true" userName="blah" password="blah">

When I removed the userName and password parameters from node, it started working.

Another option might be that you need to make sure that the specified userName has access to work with those "Temporary ASP.NET Files" folders found in the various C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework{version} folders.

Hoping this helps someone else out!

How to detect Esc Key Press in React and how to handle it

You'll want to listen for escape's keyCode (27) from the React SyntheticKeyBoardEvent onKeyDown:

const EscapeListen = React.createClass({
  handleKeyDown: function(e) {
    if (e.keyCode === 27) {
      console.log('You pressed the escape key!')
    }
  },

  render: function() {
    return (
      <input type='text'
             onKeyDown={this.handleKeyDown} />
    )
  }
})

Brad Colthurst's CodePen posted in the question's comments is helpful for finding key codes for other keys.

SQL join on multiple columns in same tables

Join like this:

ON a.userid = b.sourceid AND a.listid = b.destinationid;

Recursive Lock (Mutex) vs Non-Recursive Lock (Mutex)

The answer is not efficiency. Non-reentrant mutexes lead to better code.

Example: A::foo() acquires the lock. It then calls B::bar(). This worked fine when you wrote it. But sometime later someone changes B::bar() to call A::baz(), which also acquires the lock.

Well, if you don't have recursive mutexes, this deadlocks. If you do have them, it runs, but it may break. A::foo() may have left the object in an inconsistent state before calling bar(), on the assumption that baz() couldn't get run because it also acquires the mutex. But it probably shouldn't run! The person who wrote A::foo() assumed that nobody could call A::baz() at the same time - that's the entire reason that both of those methods acquired the lock.

The right mental model for using mutexes: The mutex protects an invariant. When the mutex is held, the invariant may change, but before releasing the mutex, the invariant is re-established. Reentrant locks are dangerous because the second time you acquire the lock you can't be sure the invariant is true any more.

If you are happy with reentrant locks, it is only because you have not had to debug a problem like this before. Java has non-reentrant locks these days in java.util.concurrent.locks, by the way.

How should I read a file line-by-line in Python?

There is exactly one reason why the following is preferred:

with open('filename.txt') as fp:
    for line in fp:
        print line

We are all spoiled by CPython's relatively deterministic reference-counting scheme for garbage collection. Other, hypothetical implementations of Python will not necessarily close the file "quickly enough" without the with block if they use some other scheme to reclaim memory.

In such an implementation, you might get a "too many files open" error from the OS if your code opens files faster than the garbage collector calls finalizers on orphaned file handles. The usual workaround is to trigger the GC immediately, but this is a nasty hack and it has to be done by every function that could encounter the error, including those in libraries. What a nightmare.

Or you could just use the with block.

Bonus Question

(Stop reading now if are only interested in the objective aspects of the question.)

Why isn't that included in the iterator protocol for file objects?

This is a subjective question about API design, so I have a subjective answer in two parts.

On a gut level, this feels wrong, because it makes iterator protocol do two separate things—iterate over lines and close the file handle—and it's often a bad idea to make a simple-looking function do two actions. In this case, it feels especially bad because iterators relate in a quasi-functional, value-based way to the contents of a file, but managing file handles is a completely separate task. Squashing both, invisibly, into one action, is surprising to humans who read the code and makes it more difficult to reason about program behavior.

Other languages have essentially come to the same conclusion. Haskell briefly flirted with so-called "lazy IO" which allows you to iterate over a file and have it automatically closed when you get to the end of the stream, but it's almost universally discouraged to use lazy IO in Haskell these days, and Haskell users have mostly moved to more explicit resource management like Conduit which behaves more like the with block in Python.

On a technical level, there are some things you may want to do with a file handle in Python which would not work as well if iteration closed the file handle. For example, suppose I need to iterate over the file twice:

with open('filename.txt') as fp:
    for line in fp:
        ...
    fp.seek(0)
    for line in fp:
        ...

While this is a less common use case, consider the fact that I might have just added the three lines of code at the bottom to an existing code base which originally had the top three lines. If iteration closed the file, I wouldn't be able to do that. So keeping iteration and resource management separate makes it easier to compose chunks of code into a larger, working Python program.

Composability is one of the most important usability features of a language or API.

Display loading image while post with ajax

make sure to change in ajax call

async: true,
type: "GET",
dataType: "html",

Postgres: clear entire database before re-creating / re-populating from bash script

To dump:

pg_dump -Fc mydb > db.dump

To restore:

pg_restore --verbose --clean --no-acl --no-owner -h localhost -U myuser -d my_db db/latest.dump

How to use @Nullable and @Nonnull annotations more effectively?

Other than your IDE giving you hints when you pass null to methods that expect the argument to not be null, there are further advantages:

This can help your code be more maintainable (since you do not need null checks) and less error-prone.

How can I overwrite file contents with new content in PHP?

Use file_put_contents()

file_put_contents('file.txt', 'bar');
echo file_get_contents('file.txt'); // bar
file_put_contents('file.txt', 'foo');
echo file_get_contents('file.txt'); // foo

Alternatively, if you're stuck with fopen() you can use the w or w+ modes:

'w' Open for writing only; place the file pointer at the beginning of the file and truncate the file to zero length. If the file does not exist, attempt to create it.

'w+' Open for reading and writing; place the file pointer at the beginning of the file and truncate the file to zero length. If the file does not exist, attempt to create it.

How to use BigInteger?

BigInteger is immutable. The javadocs states that add() "[r]eturns a BigInteger whose value is (this + val)." Therefore, you can't change sum, you need to reassign the result of the add method to sum variable.

sum = sum.add(BigInteger.valueOf(i));

How to improve Netbeans performance?

Put your .netbeans Homefolder into a Ramdisk and Netbeans its going to be incredible fast.

I detected on my Ubuntu 16.04 that every Key-Press causes a HDD read or write action. Reason enougth for me to use a Ramdisk. As a little positive side-effect my HDD is quite now (no tickclickrrickrrrticktick any more) and has a longer live.

How can I split a JavaScript string by white space or comma?

"my, tags are, in here".split(/[ ,]+/)

the result is :

["my", "tags", "are", "in", "here"]

How do I find out what License has been applied to my SQL Server installation?

This shows the licence type and number of licences:

SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('LicenseType'), SERVERPROPERTY('NumLicenses')

Android: making a fullscreen application

Simply declare in styles.xml

  <style name="AppTheme.Fullscreen" parent="AppTheme">
    <item name="windowActionBar">false</item>
    <item name="windowNoTitle">true</item>
    <item name="android:windowFullscreen">true</item>
  </style>

Then use in menifest.xml

    <activity
        android:name=".activities.Splash"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme.Fullscreen">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>

Chill Pill :)

How do Python functions handle the types of the parameters that you pass in?

You never specify the type; Python has the concept of duck typing; basically the code that processes the parameters will make certain assumptions about them - perhaps by calling certain methods that a parameter is expected to implement. If the parameter is of the wrong type, then an exception will be thrown.

In general it is up to your code to ensure that you are passing around objects of the proper type - there is no compiler to enforce this ahead of time.

How to plot data from multiple two column text files with legends in Matplotlib?

I feel the simplest way would be

 from matplotlib import pyplot;
 from pylab import genfromtxt;  
 mat0 = genfromtxt("data0.txt");
 mat1 = genfromtxt("data1.txt");
 pyplot.plot(mat0[:,0], mat0[:,1], label = "data0");
 pyplot.plot(mat1[:,0], mat1[:,1], label = "data1");
 pyplot.legend();
 pyplot.show();
  1. label is the string that is displayed on the legend
  2. you can plot as many series of data points as possible before show() to plot all of them on the same graph This is the simple way to plot simple graphs. For other options in genfromtxt go to this url.

How to redirect to a different domain using NGINX?

You can simply write a if condition inside server {} block:

server { 

    if ($host = mydomain.com) {
        return 301 http://www.adifferentdomain.com;
    } 
}

How to change the default GCC compiler in Ubuntu?

Now, there is gcc-4.9 available for Ubuntu/precise.

Create a group of compiler alternatives where the distro compiler has a higher priority:

root$ VER=4.6 ; PRIO=60
root$ update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-$VER $PRIO --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-$VER
root$ update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/cpp cpp-bin /usr/bin/cpp-$VER $PRIO

root$ VER=4.9 ; PRIO=40
root$ update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-$VER $PRIO --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-$VER
root$ update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/cpp cpp-bin /usr/bin/cpp-$VER $PRIO

NOTE: g++ version is changed automatically with a gcc version switch. cpp-bin has to be done separately as there exists a "cpp" master alternative.

List available compiler alternatives:

root$ update-alternatives --list gcc
root$ update-alternatives --list cpp-bin

To select manually version 4.9 of gcc, g++ and cpp, do:

root$ update-alternatives --config gcc
root$ update-alternatives --config cpp-bin

Check compiler versions:

root$ for i in gcc g++ cpp ; do $i --version ; done

Restore distro compiler settings (here: back to v4.6):

root$ update-alternatives --auto gcc
root$ update-alternatives --auto cpp-bin

How to initialize array to 0 in C?

Global variables and static variables are automatically initialized to zero. If you have simply

char ZEROARRAY[1024];

at global scope it will be all zeros at runtime. But actually there is a shorthand syntax if you had a local array. If an array is partially initialized, elements that are not initialized receive the value 0 of the appropriate type. You could write:

char ZEROARRAY[1024] = {0};

The compiler would fill the unwritten entries with zeros. Alternatively you could use memset to initialize the array at program startup:

memset(ZEROARRAY, 0, 1024);

That would be useful if you had changed it and wanted to reset it back to all zeros.

How to get number of video views with YouTube API?

I think, the easiest way, is to get video info in JSON format. If you want to use JavaScript, try jQuery.getJSON()... But I prefer PHP:

<?php
$video_ID = 'your-video-ID';
$JSON = file_get_contents("https://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/videos/{$video_ID}?v=2&alt=json");
$JSON_Data = json_decode($JSON);
$views = $JSON_Data->{'entry'}->{'yt$statistics'}->{'viewCount'};
echo $views;
?>

Ref: Youtube API - Retrieving information about a single video

Press TAB and then ENTER key in Selenium WebDriver

Using Java:

WebElement webElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath(""));//You can use xpath, ID or name whatever you like
webElement.sendKeys(Keys.TAB);
webElement.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);

Postgresql Windows, is there a default password?

Try this:

Open PgAdmin -> Files -> Open pgpass.conf

You would get the path of pgpass.conf at the bottom of the window. Go to that location and open this file, you can find your password there.

Reference

If the above does not work, you may consider trying this:

 1. edit pg_hba.conf to allow trust authorization temporarily
 2. Reload the config file (pg_ctl reload)
 3. Connect and issue ALTER ROLE / PASSWORD to set the new password
 4. edit pg_hba.conf again and restore the previous settings
 5. Reload the config file again

AssertContains on strings in jUnit

Example (junit version- 4.13)

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TestStr {

@Test
public void testThatStringIsContained(){
    String testStr = "hi,i am a test string";
    assertThat(testStr).contains("test");
 }

}

How do I exit a WPF application programmatically?

Try

App.Current.Shutdown();

For me

Application.Current.Shutdown(); 

didn't work.

How to embed image or picture in jupyter notebook, either from a local machine or from a web resource?

There are several ways to post an image in Jupyter notebooks:

via HTML:

from IPython.display import Image
from IPython.core.display import HTML 
Image(url= "http://my_site.com/my_picture.jpg")

You retain the ability to use HTML tags to resize, etc...

Image(url= "http://my_site.com/my_picture.jpg", width=100, height=100)

You can also display images stored locally, either via relative or absolute path.

PATH = "/Users/reblochonMasque/Documents/Drawings/"
Image(filename = PATH + "My_picture.jpg", width=100, height=100)

if the image it wider than the display settings: thanks

use unconfined=True to disable max-width confinement of the image

from IPython.core.display import Image, display
display(Image('https://i.ytimg.com/vi/j22DmsZEv30/maxresdefault.jpg', width=1900, unconfined=True))

or via markdown:

  • make sure the cell is a markdown cell, and not a code cell, thanks @??? in the comments)
  • Please note that on some systems, the markdown does not allow white space in the filenames. Thanks to @CoffeeTableEspresso and @zebralamy in the comments)
    (On macos, as long as you are on a markdown cell you would do like this: ![title](../image 1.png), and not worry about the white space).

for a web image:

![Image of Yaktocat](https://octodex.github.com/images/yaktocat.png)

as shown by @cristianmtr Paying attention not to use either these quotes "" or those '' around the url.

or a local one:

![title](img/picture.png)

demonstrated by @Sebastian

Generating random strings with T-SQL

I'm not expert in T-SQL, but the simpliest way I've already used it's like that:

select char((rand()*25 + 65))+char((rand()*25 + 65))

This generates two char (A-Z, in ascii 65-90).

Angular-Material DateTime Picker Component?

You can have a datetime picker when using matInput with type datetime-local like so:

  <mat-form-field>
    <input matInput type="datetime-local" placeholder="start date">
  </mat-form-field>

You can click on each part of the placeholder to set the day, month, year, hours,minutes and whether its AM or PM.

Add swipe to delete UITableViewCell

just add these assuming your data array is 'data'

func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, canEditRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> Bool {
    return true
}

func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, commit editingStyle: UITableViewCellEditingStyle, forRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
    if (editingStyle == UITableViewCellEditingStyle.delete) {
        // handle delete (by removing the data from your array and updating the tableview)
        if let tv=table
        {



            data.remove(at: indexPath.row)
            tv.deleteRows(at: [indexPath], with: .fade)



        }
    }
}

How to cast from List<Double> to double[] in Java?

You can convert to a Double[] by calling frameList.toArray(new Double[frameList.size()]), but you'll need to iterate the list/array to convert to double[]

How do I create an average from a Ruby array?

[1,2].tap { |a| @asize = a.size }.inject(:+).to_f/@asize

Short but using instance variable

Spring Boot: Cannot access REST Controller on localhost (404)

I had this issue and what you need to do is fix your packages. If you downloaded this project from http://start.spring.io/ then you have your main class in some package. For example if the package for the main class is: "com.example" then and your controller must be in package: "com.example.controller". Hope this helps.

What does enctype='multipart/form-data' mean?

Usually this is when you have a POST form which needs to take a file upload as data... this will tell the server how it will encode the data transferred, in such case it won't get encoded because it will just transfer and upload the files to the server, Like for example when uploading an image or a pdf

How to mock location on device?

Use this permission in manifest file

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_MOCK_LOCATION">

android studio will recommend that "Mock location should only be requested in a test or debug-specific manifest file (typically src/debug/AndroidManifest.xml)" just disable the inspection

Now make sure you have checked the "Allow mock locations" in developer setting of your phone

Use LocationManager

locationManager.addTestProvider(mocLocationProvider, false, false,
                false, false, true, true, true, 0, 5);
locationManager.setTestProviderEnabled(mocLocationProvider, true);

Now set the location wherever you want

Location mockLocation = new Location(mocLocationProvider); 
mockLocation.setLatitude(lat); 
mockLocation.setLongitude(lng); 
mockLocation.setAltitude(alt); 
mockLocation.setTime(System.currentTimeMillis()); 
locationManager.setTestProviderLocation( mocLocationProvider, mockLocation); 

SimpleXml to string

Sometimes you can simply typecast:

// this is the value of my $xml
object(SimpleXMLElement)#10227 (1) {
  [0]=>
  string(2) "en"
}

$s = (string) $xml; // returns "en";

ReactJS - .JS vs .JSX

JSX tags (<Component/>) are clearly not standard javascript and have no special meaning if you put them inside a naked <script> tag for example. Hence all React files that contain them are JSX and not JS.

By convention, the entry point of a React application is usually .js instead of .jsx even though it contains React components. It could as well be .jsx. Any other JSX files usually have the .jsx extension.

In any case, the reason there is ambiguity is because ultimately the extension does not matter much since the transpiler happily munches any kinds of files as long as they are actually JSX.

My advice would be: don't worry about it.

How to represent e^(-t^2) in MATLAB?

If t is a matrix, you need to use the element-wise multiplication or exponentiation. Note the dot.

x = exp( -t.^2 )

or

x = exp( -t.*t )

How to properly add cross-site request forgery (CSRF) token using PHP

For security code, please don't generate your tokens this way: $token = md5(uniqid(rand(), TRUE));

Try this out:

Generating a CSRF Token

PHP 7

session_start();
if (empty($_SESSION['token'])) {
    $_SESSION['token'] = bin2hex(random_bytes(32));
}
$token = $_SESSION['token'];

Sidenote: One of my employer's open source projects is an initiative to backport random_bytes() and random_int() into PHP 5 projects. It's MIT licensed and available on Github and Composer as paragonie/random_compat.

PHP 5.3+ (or with ext-mcrypt)

session_start();
if (empty($_SESSION['token'])) {
    if (function_exists('mcrypt_create_iv')) {
        $_SESSION['token'] = bin2hex(mcrypt_create_iv(32, MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM));
    } else {
        $_SESSION['token'] = bin2hex(openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(32));
    }
}
$token = $_SESSION['token'];

Verifying the CSRF Token

Don't just use == or even ===, use hash_equals() (PHP 5.6+ only, but available to earlier versions with the hash-compat library).

if (!empty($_POST['token'])) {
    if (hash_equals($_SESSION['token'], $_POST['token'])) {
         // Proceed to process the form data
    } else {
         // Log this as a warning and keep an eye on these attempts
    }
}

Going Further with Per-Form Tokens

You can further restrict tokens to only be available for a particular form by using hash_hmac(). HMAC is a particular keyed hash function that is safe to use, even with weaker hash functions (e.g. MD5). However, I recommend using the SHA-2 family of hash functions instead.

First, generate a second token for use as an HMAC key, then use logic like this to render it:

<input type="hidden" name="token" value="<?php
    echo hash_hmac('sha256', '/my_form.php', $_SESSION['second_token']);
?>" />

And then using a congruent operation when verifying the token:

$calc = hash_hmac('sha256', '/my_form.php', $_SESSION['second_token']);
if (hash_equals($calc, $_POST['token'])) {
    // Continue...
}

The tokens generated for one form cannot be reused in another context without knowing $_SESSION['second_token']. It is important that you use a separate token as an HMAC key than the one you just drop on the page.

Bonus: Hybrid Approach + Twig Integration

Anyone who uses the Twig templating engine can benefit from a simplified dual strategy by adding this filter to their Twig environment:

$twigEnv->addFunction(
    new \Twig_SimpleFunction(
        'form_token',
        function($lock_to = null) {
            if (empty($_SESSION['token'])) {
                $_SESSION['token'] = bin2hex(random_bytes(32));
            }
            if (empty($_SESSION['token2'])) {
                $_SESSION['token2'] = random_bytes(32);
            }
            if (empty($lock_to)) {
                return $_SESSION['token'];
            }
            return hash_hmac('sha256', $lock_to, $_SESSION['token2']);
        }
    )
);

With this Twig function, you can use both the general purpose tokens like so:

<input type="hidden" name="token" value="{{ form_token() }}" />

Or the locked down variant:

<input type="hidden" name="token" value="{{ form_token('/my_form.php') }}" />

Twig is only concerned with template rendering; you still must validate the tokens properly. In my opinion, the Twig strategy offers greater flexibility and simplicity, while maintaining the possibility for maximum security.


Single-Use CSRF Tokens

If you have a security requirement that each CSRF token is allowed to be usable exactly once, the simplest strategy regenerate it after each successful validation. However, doing so will invalidate every previous token which doesn't mix well with people who browse multiple tabs at once.

Paragon Initiative Enterprises maintains an Anti-CSRF library for these corner cases. It works with one-use per-form tokens, exclusively. When enough tokens are stored in the session data (default configuration: 65535), it will cycle out the oldest unredeemed tokens first.

Java: How to stop thread?

One possible way is to do something like this:

public class MyThread extends Thread {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (!this.isInterrupted()) {
            //
        }
    }
}

And when you want to stop your thread, just call a method interrupt():

myThread.interrupt();

Of course, this won't stop thread immediately, but in the following iteration of the loop above. In the case of downloading, you need to write a non-blocking code. It means, that you will attempt to read new data from the socket only for a limited amount of time. If there are no data available, it will just continue. It may be done using this method from the class Socket:

mySocket.setSoTimeout(50);

In this case, timeout is set up to 50 ms. After this time has gone and no data was read, it throws an SocketTimeoutException. This way, you may write iterative and non-blocking thread, which may be killed using the construction above.

It's not possible to kill thread in any other way and you've to implement such a behavior yourself. In past, Thread had some method (not sure if kill() or stop()) for this, but it's deprecated now. My experience is, that some implementations of JVM doesn't even contain that method currently.

What's the best/easiest GUI Library for Ruby?

I've had some very good experience with Qt, so I would definitely recommend it.

You should be ware of the licensing model though. If you're developing an open source application, you can use the open-source licensed version free of charge. If you're developing a commercial application, you'll have to pay license fees. And you can't develop in the open source one and then switch the license to commercial before you start selling.

P.S. I just had a quick look at shoes. I really like the declarative definitions of the UI elements, so that's definitely worth investigating...

Get installed applications in a system

As others have pointed out, the accepted answer does not return both x86 and x64 installs. Below is my solution for that. It creates a StringBuilder, appends the registry values to it (with formatting), and writes its output to a text file:

const string FORMAT = "{0,-100} {1,-20} {2,-30} {3,-8}\n";

private void LogInstalledSoftware()
{
    var line = string.Format(FORMAT, "DisplayName", "Version", "Publisher", "InstallDate");
    line += string.Format(FORMAT, "-----------", "-------", "---------", "-----------");
    var sb = new StringBuilder(line, 100000);
    ReadRegistryUninstall(ref sb, RegistryView.Registry32);
    sb.Append($"\n[64 bit section]\n\n{line}");
    ReadRegistryUninstall(ref sb, RegistryView.Registry64);
    File.WriteAllText(@"c:\temp\log.txt", sb.ToString());
}

   private static void ReadRegistryUninstall(ref StringBuilder sb, RegistryView view)
    {
        const string REGISTRY_KEY = @"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall";
        using var baseKey = RegistryKey.OpenBaseKey(RegistryHive.LocalMachine, view);
        using var subKey = baseKey.OpenSubKey(REGISTRY_KEY);
        foreach (string subkey_name in subKey.GetSubKeyNames())
        {
            using RegistryKey key = subKey.OpenSubKey(subkey_name);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(key.GetValue("DisplayName") as string))
            {
                var line = string.Format(FORMAT,
                    key.GetValue("DisplayName"),
                    key.GetValue("DisplayVersion"),
                    key.GetValue("Publisher"),
                    key.GetValue("InstallDate"));
                sb.Append(line);
            }
            key.Close();
        }
        subKey.Close();
        baseKey.Close();
    }

Disable building workspace process in Eclipse

Building workspace is about incremental build of any evolution detected in one of the opened projects in the currently used workspace.

You can also disable it through the menu "Project / Build automatically".

But I would recommend first to check:

  • if a Project Clean all / Build result in the same kind of long wait (after disabling this option)
  • if you have (this time with building automatically activated) some validation options you could disable to see if they have an influence on the global compilation time (Preferences / Validations, or Preferences / XML / ... if you have WTP installed)
  • if a fresh eclipse installation referencing the same workspace (see this eclipse.ini for more) results in the same issue (with building automatically activated)

Note that bug 329657 (open in 2011, in progress in 2014) is about interrupting a (too lengthy) build, instead of cancelling it:

There is an important difference between build interrupt and cancel.

  • When a build is cancelled, it typically handles this by discarding incremental build state and letting the next build be a full rebuild. This can be quite expensive in some projects.
    As a user I think I would rather wait for the 5 second incremental build to finish rather than cancel and result in a 30 second rebuild afterwards.

  • The idea with interrupt is that a builder could more efficiently handle interrupt by saving its intermediate state and resuming on the next invocation.
    In practice this is hard to implement so the most common boundary is when we check for interrupt before/after calling each builder in the chain.

 

How to duplicate sys.stdout to a log file?

I'm writing a script to run cmd-line scripts. ( Because in some cases, there just is no viable substitute for a Linux command -- such as the case of rsync. )

What I really wanted was to use the default python logging mechanism in every case where it was possible to do so, but to still capture any error when something went wrong that was unanticipated.

This code seems to do the trick. It may not be particularly elegant or efficient ( although it doesn't use string+=string, so at least it doesn't have that particular potential bottle- neck ). I'm posting it in case it gives someone else any useful ideas.

import logging
import os, sys
import datetime

# Get name of module, use as application name
try:
  ME=os.path.split(__file__)[-1].split('.')[0]
except:
  ME='pyExec_'

LOG_IDENTIFIER="uuu___( o O )___uuu "
LOG_IDR_LENGTH=len(LOG_IDENTIFIER)

class PyExec(object):

  # Use this to capture all possible error / output to log
  class SuperTee(object):
      # Original reference: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2007-May/442737.html
      def __init__(self, name, mode):
          self.fl = open(name, mode)
          self.fl.write('\n')
          self.stdout = sys.stdout
          self.stdout.write('\n')
          self.stderr = sys.stderr

          sys.stdout = self
          sys.stderr = self

      def __del__(self):
          self.fl.write('\n')
          self.fl.flush()
          sys.stderr = self.stderr
          sys.stdout = self.stdout
          self.fl.close()

      def write(self, data):
          # If the data to write includes the log identifier prefix, then it is already formatted
          if data[0:LOG_IDR_LENGTH]==LOG_IDENTIFIER:
            self.fl.write("%s\n" % data[LOG_IDR_LENGTH:])
            self.stdout.write(data[LOG_IDR_LENGTH:])

          # Otherwise, we can give it a timestamp
          else:

            timestamp=str(datetime.datetime.now())
            if 'Traceback' == data[0:9]:
              data='%s: %s' % (timestamp, data)
              self.fl.write(data)
            else:
              self.fl.write(data)

            self.stdout.write(data)


  def __init__(self, aName, aCmd, logFileName='', outFileName=''):

    # Using name for 'logger' (context?), which is separate from the module or the function
    baseFormatter=logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s \t %(levelname)s \t %(name)s:%(module)s:%(lineno)d \t %(message)s")
    errorFormatter=logging.Formatter(LOG_IDENTIFIER + "%(asctime)s \t %(levelname)s \t %(name)s:%(module)s:%(lineno)d \t %(message)s")

    if logFileName:
      # open passed filename as append
      fl=logging.FileHandler("%s.log" % aName)
    else:
      # otherwise, use log filename as a one-time use file
      fl=logging.FileHandler("%s.log" % aName, 'w')

    fl.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    fl.setFormatter(baseFormatter)

    # This will capture stdout and CRITICAL and beyond errors

    if outFileName:
      teeFile=PyExec.SuperTee("%s_out.log" % aName)
    else:
      teeFile=PyExec.SuperTee("%s_out.log" % aName, 'w')

    fl_out=logging.StreamHandler( teeFile )
    fl_out.setLevel(logging.CRITICAL)
    fl_out.setFormatter(errorFormatter)

    # Set up logging
    self.log=logging.getLogger('pyExec_main')
    log=self.log

    log.addHandler(fl)
    log.addHandler(fl_out)

    print "Test print statement."

    log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

    log.info("Starting %s", ME)
    log.critical("Critical.")

    # Caught exception
    try:
      raise Exception('Exception test.')
    except Exception,e:
      log.exception(str(e))

    # Uncaught exception
    a=2/0


PyExec('test_pyExec',None)

Obviously, if you're not as subject to whimsy as I am, replace LOG_IDENTIFIER with another string that you're not like to ever see someone write to a log.

Better way to right align text in HTML Table

What you really want here is:

<col align="right"/>

but it looks like Gecko doesn't support this yet: it's been an open bug for over a decade.

(Geez, why can't Firefox have decent standards support like IE6?)

How to disable mouse right click on a web page?

Firstly, if you are doing this just to prevent people viewing the source of your page - it won't work, because they can always use a keyboard shortcut to view it.

Secondly, you will have to use JavaScript to accomplish this. If the user has JS disabled, you cannot prevent the right click.

That said, add this to your body tag to disable right clicks.

<body oncontextmenu="return false;">

How to create table using select query in SQL Server?

select <column list> into <table name> from <source> where <whereclause>

What is the most efficient way to create a dictionary of two pandas Dataframe columns?

I found a faster way to solve the problem, at least on realistically large datasets using: df.set_index(KEY).to_dict()[VALUE]

Proof on 50,000 rows:

df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(32, 120, 100000).reshape(50000,2),columns=list('AB'))
df['A'] = df['A'].apply(chr)

%timeit dict(zip(df.A,df.B))
%timeit pd.Series(df.A.values,index=df.B).to_dict()
%timeit df.set_index('A').to_dict()['B']

Output:

100 loops, best of 3: 7.04 ms per loop  # WouterOvermeire
100 loops, best of 3: 9.83 ms per loop  # Jeff
100 loops, best of 3: 4.28 ms per loop  # Kikohs (me)

Google Chrome form autofill and its yellow background

Change "white" to any color you want.

input:-webkit-autofill {
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 0 1000px white inset !important;
}

Reading and writing binary file

If you want to do this the C++ way, do it like this:

#include <fstream>
#include <iterator>
#include <algorithm>

int main()
{
    std::ifstream input( "C:\\Final.gif", std::ios::binary );
    std::ofstream output( "C:\\myfile.gif", std::ios::binary );

    std::copy( 
        std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(input), 
        std::istreambuf_iterator<char>( ),
        std::ostreambuf_iterator<char>(output));
}

If you need that data in a buffer to modify it or something, do this:

#include <fstream>
#include <iterator>
#include <vector>

int main()
{
    std::ifstream input( "C:\\Final.gif", std::ios::binary );

    // copies all data into buffer
    std::vector<unsigned char> buffer(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(input), {});

}

ASP.NET MVC Html.DropDownList SelectedValue

I managed to get the desired result, but with a slightly different approach. In the Dropdownlist i used the Model and then referenced it. Not sure if this was what you were looking for.

@Html.DropDownList("Example", new SelectList(Model.FeeStructures, "Id", "NameOfFeeStructure", Model.Matters.FeeStructures))

Model.Matters.FeeStructures in above is my id, which could be your value of the item that should be selected.

How to pass json POST data to Web API method as an object?

Following code to return data in the json format ,instead of the xml -Web API 2 :-

Put following line in the Global.asax file

GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.ReferenceLoopHandling = Newtonsoft.Json.ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore;
        GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.Remove(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.XmlFormatter);

Conda: Installing / upgrading directly from github

There's better support for this now through conda-env. You can, for example, now do:

name: sample_env
channels:
dependencies:
   - requests
   - bokeh>=0.10.0
   - pip:
     - "--editable=git+https://github.com/pythonforfacebook/facebook-sdk.git@8c0d34291aaafec00e02eaa71cc2a242790a0fcc#egg=facebook_sdk-master"

It's still calling pip under the covers, but you can now unify your conda and pip package specifications in a single environment.yml file.

If you wanted to update your root environment with this file, you would need to save this to a file (for example, environment.yml), then run the command: conda env update -f environment.yml.

It's more likely that you would want to create a new environment:

conda env create -f environment.yml (changed as supposed in the comments)

Query error with ambiguous column name in SQL

Because you are joining two tables Invoices and InvoiceLineItems that both contain InvoiceID. change to Invoices.InvoiceID to make it correct.

How can I debug a .BAT script?

Did you try to reroute the result to a file? Like whatever.bat >log.txt

You have to make sure that in this case every other called script is also logging to the file like >>log.txt

Also if you put a date /T and time /T in the beginning and in the end of that batch file, you will get the times it was at that point and you can map your script running time and order.

How to escape single quotes within single quoted strings

in addition to @JasonWoof perfect answer i want to show how i solved related problem

in my case encoding single quotes with '\'' will not always be sufficient, for example if a string must quoted with single quotes, but the total count of quotes results in odd amount

#!/bin/bash

# no closing quote
string='alecxs\'solution'

# this works for string
string="alecxs'solution"
string=alecxs\'solution
string='alecxs'\''solution'

let's assume string is a file name and we need to save quoted file names in a list (like stat -c%N ./* > list)

echo "'$string'" > "$string"
cat "$string"

but processing this list will fail (depending on how many quotes the string does contain in total)

while read file
  do
    ls -l "$file"
    eval ls -l "$file"
done < "$string"

workaround: encode quotes with string manipulation

string="${string//$'\047'/\'\$\'\\\\047\'\'}"

# result
echo "$string"

now it works because quotes are always balanced

echo "'$string'" > list
while read file
  do
    ls -l "$file"
    eval ls -l "$file"
done < list

Hope this helps when facing similar problem

How do I convert two lists into a dictionary?

Solution as dictionary comprehension with enumerate:

dict = {item : values[index] for index, item in enumerate(keys)}

Solution as for loop with enumerate:

dict = {}
for index, item in enumerate(keys):
    dict[item] = values[index]

Round up double to 2 decimal places

Consider using NumberFormatter for this purpose, it provides more flexibility if you want to print the percentage sign of the ratio or if you have things like currency and large numbers.

let amount = 10.000001
let formatter = NumberFormatter()
formatter.numberStyle = .decimal
formatter.maximumFractionDigits = 2
let formattedAmount = formatter.string(from: amount as NSNumber)! 
print(formattedAmount) // 10

How to change default text file encoding in Eclipse?

If you need to edit files of same type with more encodings in different folders and projects (e.g. one project is in UTF-8 and other in Windows-12xx), go to Window > Preferences > General > Content Types > Text > and select each type with multiple encodings.

For each type delete content of the Default encoding and click Update.

This way Eclipse will not "autodetect" encoding and will use encoding set for project or folder.

Bootstrap 4 File Input

Solution based on @Elnoor answer, but working with multiple file upload form input and without the "fakepath hack":

HTML:

<div class="custom-file">
    <input id="logo" type="file" class="custom-file-input" multiple>
    <label for="logo" class="custom-file-label text-truncate">Choose file...</label>
</div>

JS:

$('input[type="file"]').on('change', function () {
    let filenames = [];
    let files = document.getElementById('health_claim_file_form_files').files;

    for (let i in files) {
        if (files.hasOwnProperty(i)) {
            filenames.push(files[i].name);
        }
    }

    $(this).next('.custom-file-label').addClass("selected").html(filenames.join(',    '));
});

jQuery javascript regex Replace <br> with \n

myString.replace(/<br ?\/?>/g, "\n")

Find JavaScript function definition in Chrome

I find the quickest way to locate a global function is simply:

  1. Select Sources tab.
  2. In the Watch pane click + and type window
  3. Your global function references are listed first, alphabetically.
  4. Right-click the function you are interested in.
  5. In the popup menu select Show function definition.
  6. The source code pane switches to that function definition.

SQL Server - An expression of non-boolean type specified in a context where a condition is expected, near 'RETURN'

That is invalid syntax. You are mixing relational expressions with scalar operators (OR). Specifically you cannot combine expr IN (select ...) OR (select ...). You probably want expr IN (select ...) OR expr IN (select ...). Using union would also work: expr IN (select... UNION select...)

Can Flask have optional URL parameters?

Almost the same as skornos, but with variable declarations for a more explicit answer. It can work with Flask-RESTful extension:

from flask import Flask
from flask_restful import Resource, Api

app = Flask(__name__)
api = Api(app)

class UserAPI(Resource):
    def show(userId, username=None):
    pass

api.add_resource(UserAPI, '/<userId>', '/<userId>/<username>', endpoint='user')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

The add_resource method allows pass multiples URLs. Each one will be routed to your Resource.

Adding custom radio buttons in android

You must fill the "Button" attribute of the "CompoundButton" class with a XML drawable path (my_checkbox). In the XML drawable, you must have :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
    <item android:state_checked="false" android:drawable="@drawable/checkbox_not_checked" />
     <item android:state_checked="true" android:drawable="@drawable/checkbox_checked" />
     <item android:drawable="@drawable/checkbox_not_checked" /> <!-- default -->
</selector>

Don't forget to replace my_checkbox by your filename of the checkbox drawable , checkbox_not_checked by your PNG drawable which is your checkbox when it's not checked and checkbox_checked with your image when it's checked.

For the size, directly update the layout parameters.

LINQ - Full Outer Join

I think there are problems with most of these, including the accepted answer, because they don't work well with Linq over IQueryable either due to doing too many server round trips and too much data returns, or doing too much client execution.

For IEnumerable I don't like Sehe's answer or similar because it has excessive memory use (a simple 10000000 two list test ran Linqpad out of memory on my 32GB machine).

Also, most of the others don't actually implement a proper Full Outer Join because they are using a Union with a Right Join instead of Concat with a Right Anti Semi Join, which not only eliminates the duplicate inner join rows from the result, but any proper duplicates that existed originally in the left or right data.

So here are my extensions that handle all of these issues, generate SQL as well as implementing the join in LINQ to SQL directly, executing on the server, and is faster and with less memory than others on Enumerables:

public static class Ext {
    public static IEnumerable<TResult> LeftOuterJoin<TLeft, TRight, TKey, TResult>(
        this IEnumerable<TLeft> leftItems,
        IEnumerable<TRight> rightItems,
        Func<TLeft, TKey> leftKeySelector,
        Func<TRight, TKey> rightKeySelector,
        Func<TLeft, TRight, TResult> resultSelector) {

        return from left in leftItems
               join right in rightItems on leftKeySelector(left) equals rightKeySelector(right) into temp
               from right in temp.DefaultIfEmpty()
               select resultSelector(left, right);
    }

    public static IEnumerable<TResult> RightOuterJoin<TLeft, TRight, TKey, TResult>(
        this IEnumerable<TLeft> leftItems,
        IEnumerable<TRight> rightItems,
        Func<TLeft, TKey> leftKeySelector,
        Func<TRight, TKey> rightKeySelector,
        Func<TLeft, TRight, TResult> resultSelector) {

        return from right in rightItems
               join left in leftItems on rightKeySelector(right) equals leftKeySelector(left) into temp
               from left in temp.DefaultIfEmpty()
               select resultSelector(left, right);
    }

    public static IEnumerable<TResult> FullOuterJoinDistinct<TLeft, TRight, TKey, TResult>(
        this IEnumerable<TLeft> leftItems,
        IEnumerable<TRight> rightItems,
        Func<TLeft, TKey> leftKeySelector,
        Func<TRight, TKey> rightKeySelector,
        Func<TLeft, TRight, TResult> resultSelector) {

        return leftItems.LeftOuterJoin(rightItems, leftKeySelector, rightKeySelector, resultSelector).Union(leftItems.RightOuterJoin(rightItems, leftKeySelector, rightKeySelector, resultSelector));
    }

    public static IEnumerable<TResult> RightAntiSemiJoin<TLeft, TRight, TKey, TResult>(
        this IEnumerable<TLeft> leftItems,
        IEnumerable<TRight> rightItems,
        Func<TLeft, TKey> leftKeySelector,
        Func<TRight, TKey> rightKeySelector,
        Func<TLeft, TRight, TResult> resultSelector) {

        var hashLK = new HashSet<TKey>(from l in leftItems select leftKeySelector(l));
        return rightItems.Where(r => !hashLK.Contains(rightKeySelector(r))).Select(r => resultSelector(default(TLeft),r));
    }

    public static IEnumerable<TResult> FullOuterJoin<TLeft, TRight, TKey, TResult>(
        this IEnumerable<TLeft> leftItems,
        IEnumerable<TRight> rightItems,
        Func<TLeft, TKey> leftKeySelector,
        Func<TRight, TKey> rightKeySelector,
        Func<TLeft, TRight, TResult> resultSelector)  where TLeft : class {

        return leftItems.LeftOuterJoin(rightItems, leftKeySelector, rightKeySelector, resultSelector).Concat(leftItems.RightAntiSemiJoin(rightItems, leftKeySelector, rightKeySelector, resultSelector));
    }

    private static Expression<Func<TP, TC, TResult>> CastSMBody<TP, TC, TResult>(LambdaExpression ex, TP unusedP, TC unusedC, TResult unusedRes) => (Expression<Func<TP, TC, TResult>>)ex;

    public static IQueryable<TResult> LeftOuterJoin<TLeft, TRight, TKey, TResult>(
        this IQueryable<TLeft> leftItems,
        IQueryable<TRight> rightItems,
        Expression<Func<TLeft, TKey>> leftKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TRight, TKey>> rightKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TLeft, TRight, TResult>> resultSelector) {

        var sampleAnonLR = new { left = default(TLeft), rightg = default(IEnumerable<TRight>) };
        var parmP = Expression.Parameter(sampleAnonLR.GetType(), "p");
        var parmC = Expression.Parameter(typeof(TRight), "c");
        var argLeft = Expression.PropertyOrField(parmP, "left");
        var newleftrs = CastSMBody(Expression.Lambda(Expression.Invoke(resultSelector, argLeft, parmC), parmP, parmC), sampleAnonLR, default(TRight), default(TResult));

        return leftItems.AsQueryable().GroupJoin(rightItems, leftKeySelector, rightKeySelector, (left, rightg) => new { left, rightg }).SelectMany(r => r.rightg.DefaultIfEmpty(), newleftrs);
    }

    public static IQueryable<TResult> RightOuterJoin<TLeft, TRight, TKey, TResult>(
        this IQueryable<TLeft> leftItems,
        IQueryable<TRight> rightItems,
        Expression<Func<TLeft, TKey>> leftKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TRight, TKey>> rightKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TLeft, TRight, TResult>> resultSelector) {

        var sampleAnonLR = new { leftg = default(IEnumerable<TLeft>), right = default(TRight) };
        var parmP = Expression.Parameter(sampleAnonLR.GetType(), "p");
        var parmC = Expression.Parameter(typeof(TLeft), "c");
        var argRight = Expression.PropertyOrField(parmP, "right");
        var newrightrs = CastSMBody(Expression.Lambda(Expression.Invoke(resultSelector, parmC, argRight), parmP, parmC), sampleAnonLR, default(TLeft), default(TResult));

        return rightItems.GroupJoin(leftItems, rightKeySelector, leftKeySelector, (right, leftg) => new { leftg, right }).SelectMany(l => l.leftg.DefaultIfEmpty(), newrightrs);
    }

    public static IQueryable<TResult> FullOuterJoinDistinct<TLeft, TRight, TKey, TResult>(
        this IQueryable<TLeft> leftItems,
        IQueryable<TRight> rightItems,
        Expression<Func<TLeft, TKey>> leftKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TRight, TKey>> rightKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TLeft, TRight, TResult>> resultSelector) {

        return leftItems.LeftOuterJoin(rightItems, leftKeySelector, rightKeySelector, resultSelector).Union(leftItems.RightOuterJoin(rightItems, leftKeySelector, rightKeySelector, resultSelector));
    }

    private static Expression<Func<TP, TResult>> CastSBody<TP, TResult>(LambdaExpression ex, TP unusedP, TResult unusedRes) => (Expression<Func<TP, TResult>>)ex;

    public static IQueryable<TResult> RightAntiSemiJoin<TLeft, TRight, TKey, TResult>(
        this IQueryable<TLeft> leftItems,
        IQueryable<TRight> rightItems,
        Expression<Func<TLeft, TKey>> leftKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TRight, TKey>> rightKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TLeft, TRight, TResult>> resultSelector) {

        var sampleAnonLgR = new { leftg = default(IEnumerable<TLeft>), right = default(TRight) };
        var parmLgR = Expression.Parameter(sampleAnonLgR.GetType(), "lgr");
        var argLeft = Expression.Constant(default(TLeft), typeof(TLeft));
        var argRight = Expression.PropertyOrField(parmLgR, "right");
        var newrightrs = CastSBody(Expression.Lambda(Expression.Invoke(resultSelector, argLeft, argRight), parmLgR), sampleAnonLgR, default(TResult));

        return rightItems.GroupJoin(leftItems, rightKeySelector, leftKeySelector, (right, leftg) => new { leftg, right }).Where(lgr => !lgr.leftg.Any()).Select(newrightrs);
    }

    public static IQueryable<TResult> FullOuterJoin<TLeft, TRight, TKey, TResult>(
        this IQueryable<TLeft> leftItems,
        IQueryable<TRight> rightItems,
        Expression<Func<TLeft, TKey>> leftKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TRight, TKey>> rightKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TLeft, TRight, TResult>> resultSelector) {

        return leftItems.LeftOuterJoin(rightItems, leftKeySelector, rightKeySelector, resultSelector).Concat(leftItems.RightAntiSemiJoin(rightItems, leftKeySelector, rightKeySelector, resultSelector));
    }
}

The difference between a Right Anti-Semi-Join is mostly moot with Linq to Objects or in the source, but makes a difference on the server (SQL) side in the final answer, removing an unnecessary JOIN.

The hand coding of Expression to handle merging an Expression<Func<>> into a lambda could be improved with LinqKit, but it would be nice if the language/compiler had added some help for that. The FullOuterJoinDistinct and RightOuterJoin functions are included for completeness, but I did not re-implement FullOuterGroupJoin yet.

I wrote another version of a full outer join for IEnumerable for cases where the key is orderable, which is about 50% faster than combining the left outer join with the right anti semi join, at least on small collections. It goes through each collection after sorting just once.

I also added another answer for a version that works with EF by replacing the Invoke with a custom expansion.

Simplest way to download and unzip files in Node.js cross-platform?

You can simply extract the existing zip files also by using "unzip". It will work for any size files and you need to add it as a dependency from npm.

_x000D_
_x000D_
fs.createReadStream(filePath).pipe(unzip.Extract({path:moveIntoFolder})).on('close', function(){_x000D_
        //To do after unzip_x000D_
    callback();_x000D_
  });
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

Executing another application from Java

Below snippet code is written to compile and run external JAVA program using ProcessBuilder, same way we can run any external program. Make sure JAVA_HOME must be set in OS environment. see more

package com.itexpert.exam;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

 public class JavaProcessBuilder {
/**
 *  Provide absolute JAVA file path 
 */
private static final String JAVA_FILE_LOCATION = "D:\\Test.java";

public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException{
    String command[] = {"javac",JAVA_FILE_LOCATION};
    ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(command);

    Process process = processBuilder.start();
    /**
     * Check if any errors or compilation errors encounter then print on Console.
     */

    if( process.getErrorStream().read() != -1 ){
        print("Compilation Errors",process.getErrorStream());
    }
    /**
     * Check if javac process execute successfully or Not
     * 0 - successful
     */
    if( process.exitValue() == 0 ){
        process = new ProcessBuilder(new String[]{"java","-cp","d:\\","Test"}).start();
        /** Check if RuntimeException or Errors encounter during execution then print errors on console
         *  Otherwise print Output
        */
        if( process.getErrorStream().read() != -1 ){
            print("Errors ",process.getErrorStream());
        }
        else{
            print("Output ",process.getInputStream());
        }

    }
}

private static void print(String status,InputStream input) throws IOException{
    BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input));
    System.out.println("************* "+status+"***********************");
    String line = null;
    while((line = in.readLine()) != null ){
        System.out.println(line);
    }
    in.close();
}

}

Disabling swap files creation in vim

If you are using git, you can add *.swp to .gitignore.

how to drop database in sqlite?

SQLite database FAQ: How do I drop a SQLite database?

People used to working with other databases are used to having a "drop database" command, but in SQLite there is no similar command. The reason? In SQLite there is no "database server" -- SQLite is an embedded database, and your database is entirely contained in one file. So there is no need for a SQLite drop database command.

To "drop" a SQLite database, all you have to do is delete the SQLite database file you were accessing.

copy from http://alvinalexander.com/android/sqlite-drop-database-how

How do I check that a number is float or integer?

I like this little function, which will return true for both positive and negative integers:

function isInt(val) {
    return ["string","number"].indexOf(typeof(val)) > -1 && val !== '' && !isNaN(val+".0");
}

This works because 1 or "1" becomes "1.0", which isNaN() returns false on (which we then negate and return), but 1.0 or "1.0" becomes "1.0.0", while "string" becomes "string.0", neither of which are numbers, so isNaN() returns false (and, again, gets negated).

If you only want positive integers, there's this variant:

function isPositiveInt(val) {
    return ["string","number"].indexOf(typeof(val)) > -1 && val !== '' && !isNaN("0"+val);
}

or, for negative integers:

function isNegativeInt(val) {
    return `["string","number"].indexOf(typeof(val)) > -1` && val !== '' && isNaN("0"+val);
}

isPositiveInt() works by moving the concatenated numeric string ahead of the value to be tested. For example, isPositiveInt(1) results in isNaN() evaluating "01", which evaluates false. Meanwhile, isPositiveInt(-1) results in isNaN() evaluating "0-1", which evaluates true. We negate the return value and that gives us what we want. isNegativeInt() works similarly, but without negating the return value of isNaN().

Edit:

My original implementation would also return true on arrays and empty strings. This implementation doe not have that defect. It also has the benefit of returning early if val is not a string or number, or if it's an empty string, making it faster in these cases. You can further modify it by replacing the first two clauses with

typeof(val) != "number"

if you only want to match literal numbers (and not strings)

Edit:

I can't post comments yet, so I'm adding this to my answer. The benchmark posted by @Asok is very informative; however, the fastest function does not fit the requirements, as it also returns TRUE for floats, arrays, booleans, and empty strings.

I created the following test suite to test each of the functions, adding my answer to the list, as well (function 8, which parses strings, and function 9, which does not):

funcs = [
    function(n) {
        return n % 1 == 0;
    },
    function(n) {
        return typeof n === 'number' && n % 1 == 0;
    },
    function(n) {
        return typeof n === 'number' && parseFloat(n) == parseInt(n, 10) && !isNaN(n);
    },
    function(n) {
        return n.toString().indexOf('.') === -1;
    },
    function(n) {
        return n === +n && n === (n|0);
    },
    function(n) {
        return parseInt(n) === n;
    },
    function(n) {
        return /^-?[0-9]+$/.test(n.toString());
    },
    function(n) {
        if ((undefined === n) || (null === n)) {
            return false;
        }
        if (typeof n == 'number') {
            return true;
        }
        return !isNaN(n - 0);
    },
    function(n) {
        return ["string","number"].indexOf(typeof(n)) > -1 && n !== '' && !isNaN(n+".0");
    }
];
vals = [
    [1,true],
    [-1,true],
    [1.1,false],
    [-1.1,false],
    [[],false],
    [{},false],
    [true,false],
    [false,false],
    [null,false],
    ["",false],
    ["a",false],
    ["1",null],
    ["-1",null],
    ["1.1",null],
    ["-1.1",null]
];

for (var i in funcs) {
    var pass = true;
    console.log("Testing function "+i);
    for (var ii in vals) {
        var n = vals[ii][0];
        var ns;
        if (n === null) {
            ns = n+"";
        } else {
            switch (typeof(n)) {
                case "string":
                    ns = "'" + n + "'";
                    break;
                case "object":
                    ns = Object.prototype.toString.call(n);
                    break;
                default:
                    ns = n;
            }
            ns = "("+typeof(n)+") "+ns;
        }

        var x = vals[ii][1];
        var xs;
        if (x === null) {
            xs = "(ANY)";
        } else {
            switch (typeof(x)) {
                case "string":
                    xs = "'" + n + "'";
                    break;
                case "object":
                    xs = Object.prototype.toString.call(x);
                    break;
                default:
                    xs = x;
            }
            xs = "("+typeof(x)+") "+xs;
        }

        var rms;
        try {
            var r = funcs[i](n);
            var rs;
            if (r === null) {
                rs = r+"";
            } else {
                switch (typeof(r)) {
                    case "string":
                        rs = "'" + r + "'";
                        break;
                    case "object":
                        rs = Object.prototype.toString.call(r);
                        break;
                    default:
                        rs = r;
                }
                rs = "("+typeof(r)+") "+rs;
            }

            var m;
            var ms;
            if (x === null) {
                m = true;
                ms = "N/A";
            } else if (typeof(x) == 'object') {
                m = (xs === rs);
                ms = m;
            } else {
                m = (x === r);
                ms = m;
            }
            if (!m) {
                pass = false;
            }
            rms = "Result: "+rs+", Match: "+ms;
        } catch (e) {
            rms = "Test skipped; function threw exception!"
        }

        console.log("    Value: "+ns+", Expect: "+xs+", "+rms);
    }
    console.log(pass ? "PASS!" : "FAIL!");
}

I also reran the benchmark with function #8 added to the list. I won't post the result, as they're a bit embarrassing (e.g. that function is NOT fast)...

The (abridged -- I removed successful tests, since the output is quite long) results are as follows:

Testing function 0
Value: (object) [object Array], Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (boolean) true, Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (boolean) false, Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: null, Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (string) '', Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (string) '1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
FAIL!

Testing function 1
Value: (string) '1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
PASS!

Testing function 2
Value: (string) '1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
PASS!

Testing function 3
Value: (object) true, Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (object) false, Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (boolean) [object Array], Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (boolean) [object Object], Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: null, Expect: (boolean) false, Test skipped; function threw exception!
Value: (string) '', Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (string) 'a', Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (string) '1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
FAIL!

Testing function 4
Value: (string) '1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
PASS!

Testing function 5
Value: (string) '1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
PASS!

Testing function 6
Value: null, Expect: (boolean) false, Test skipped; function threw exception!
Value: (string) '1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
PASS!

Testing function 7
Value: (number) 1.1, Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (number) -1.1, Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (object) true, Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (boolean) [object Array], Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (boolean) [object Object], Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (string) '', Expect: (boolean) false, Result: (boolean) true, Match: false
Value: (string) '1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
FAIL!

Testing function 8
Value: (string) '1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) true, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
PASS!

Testing function 9
Value: (string) '1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
Value: (string) '-1.1', Expect: (ANY), Result: (boolean) false, Match: N/A
PASS!

I've left in failures so you can see where each function is failing, and the (string) '#' tests so you can see how each function handles integer and float values in strings, as some may want these parsed as numbers and some may not.

Out of the 10 functions tested, the ones that actually fit OP's requirements are [1,3,5,6,8,9]

Select all from table with Laravel and Eloquent

Well, to do it with eloquent you would do:

Blog:all();

From within your Model you do:

return DB::table('posts')->get();

http://laravel.com/docs/queries

How to change the server port from 3000?

If want to change port number in angular 2 or 4 we just need to open .angular-cli.json file and we need to keep the code as like below

"defaults": {
    "styleExt": "css",
    "component": {}
  }, 
"serve": {
      "port": 8080
    }

}

Maven: How to include jars, which are not available in reps into a J2EE project?

None of the solutions work if you are using Jenkins build!! When pom is run inside Jenkins build server.. these solutions will fail, as Jenkins run pom will try to download these files from enterprise repository.

Copy jars under src/main/resources/lib (create lib folder). These will be part of your project and go all the way to deployment server. In deployment server, make sure your startup scripts contain src/main/resources/lib/* in classpath. Viola.

Python re.sub replace with matched content

For the replacement portion, Python uses \1 the way sed and vi do, not $1 the way Perl, Java, and Javascript (amongst others) do. Furthermore, because \1 interpolates in regular strings as the character U+0001, you need to use a raw string or \escape it.

Python 3.2 (r32:88445, Jul 27 2011, 13:41:33) 
[GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Inc. build 5465)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> method = 'images/:id/huge'
>>> import re
>>> re.sub(':([a-z]+)', r'<span>\1</span>', method)
'images/<span>id</span>/huge'
>>> 

How to implement a property in an interface

Interfaces can not contain any implementation (including default values). You need to switch to abstract class.

How to check if an email address exists without sending an email?

<?php

   $email = "someone@exa mple.com";

   if(!filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL))
      echo "E-mail is not valid";
   else
      echo "E-mail is valid";

?>

Why is Ant giving me a Unsupported major.minor version error

  1. Check whether u have jdk installed in the path "C:\Program Files\Java" If not Install the JDK in your machine

  2. In Eclipse, right click on "build.xml" then select Run As > External Tools Configuration

  3. Click on "JRE" tab then click on "Installed JREs" > "ADD" > "Standard VM" > Click "Next

  4. Select the Directory "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.x_xx" and the directory will be added to the "installed jres"

  5. Select the new JDK directory and Click "OK"

  6. Click on "Seperate JRE" dropdown and select the JDK version "jdk1.7.x_xx" and click on "Run"

This would help:)

Web API Put Request generates an Http 405 Method Not Allowed error

Another cause of this could be if you don't use the default variable name for the "id" which is actually: id.

Can't find/install libXtst.so.6?

This worked for me in Luna elementary OS

sudo apt-get install libxtst6:i386

Named placeholders in string formatting

You could have something like this on a string helper class

/**
 * An interpreter for strings with named placeholders.
 *
 * For example given the string "hello %(myName)" and the map <code>
 *      <p>Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();</p>
 *      <p>map.put("myName", "world");</p>
 * </code>
 *
 * the call {@code format("hello %(myName)", map)} returns "hello world"
 *
 * It replaces every occurrence of a named placeholder with its given value
 * in the map. If there is a named place holder which is not found in the
 * map then the string will retain that placeholder. Likewise, if there is
 * an entry in the map that does not have its respective placeholder, it is
 * ignored.
 *
 * @param str
 *            string to format
 * @param values
 *            to replace
 * @return formatted string
 */
public static String format(String str, Map<String, Object> values) {

    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(str);

    for (Entry<String, Object> entry : values.entrySet()) {

        int start;
        String pattern = "%(" + entry.getKey() + ")";
        String value = entry.getValue().toString();

        // Replace every occurence of %(key) with value
        while ((start = builder.indexOf(pattern)) != -1) {
            builder.replace(start, start + pattern.length(), value);
        }
    }

    return builder.toString();
}

sql server invalid object name - but tables are listed in SSMS tables list

Are you certain that the table in question exists?

Have you refreshed the table view in the Object Explorer? This can be done by right clicking the "tables" folder and pressing the F5 key.

You may also need to reresh the Intellisense cache.

This can be done by following the menu route: Edit -> IntelliSense -> Refresh Local Cache

batch file to check 64bit or 32bit OS

I use either of the following:

:CheckOS
IF EXIST "%PROGRAMFILES(X86)%" (GOTO 64BIT) ELSE (GOTO 32BIT)

:64BIT
echo 64-bit...
GOTO END

:32BIT
echo 32-bit...
GOTO END

:END

or I set the bit variable, which I later use in my script to run the correct setup.

:CheckOS
IF EXIST "%PROGRAMFILES(X86)%" (set bit=x64) ELSE (set bit=x86)

or...

:CheckOS
IF "%PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%"=="x86" (set bit=x86) else (set bit=x64)

Hope this helps.

How to uninstall Anaconda completely from macOS

This is one more place that anaconda had an entry that was breaking my python install after removing Anaconda. Hoping this helps someone else.

If you are using yarn, I found this entry in my .yarn.rc file in ~/"username"

python "/Users/someone/anaconda3/bin/python3"

removing this line fixed one last place needed for complete removal. I am not sure how that entry was added but it helped

I ran into a merge conflict. How can I abort the merge?

git merge --abort

Abort the current conflict resolution process, and try to reconstruct the pre-merge state.

If there were uncommitted worktree changes present when the merge started, git merge --abort will in some cases be unable to reconstruct these changes. It is therefore recommended to always commit or stash your changes before running git merge.

git merge --abort is equivalent to git reset --merge when MERGE_HEAD is present.

http://www.git-scm.com/docs/git-merge

How can I pass a parameter in Action?

If you know what parameter you want to pass, take a Action<T> for the type. Example:

void LoopMethod (Action<int> code, int count) {
     for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
         code(i);
     }
}

If you want the parameter to be passed to your method, make the method generic:

void LoopMethod<T> (Action<T> code, int count, T paramater) {
     for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
         code(paramater);
     }
}

And the caller code:

Action<string> s = Console.WriteLine;
LoopMethod(s, 10, "Hello World");

Update. Your code should look like:

private void Include(IList<string> includes, Action<string> action)
{
    if (includes != null)
    {
         foreach (var include in includes)
             action(include);
    }
}

public void test()
{
    Action<string> dg = (s) => {
        _context.Cars.Include(s);
    };
    this.Include(includes, dg);
}

Installing Git on Eclipse

Checkout this tutorial Eclipse install Git plugin – Step by Step installation instruction


Eclipse install Git plugin – Step by Step installation instruction

Step 1) Go to: http://eclipse.org/egit/download/ to get the plugin repository location.

Step 2.) Select appropriate repository location. In my case its http://download.eclipse.org/egit/updates

Step 3.) Go to Help > Install New Software

Step 4.) To add repository location, Click Add. Enter repository name as “EGit Plugin”. Location will be the URL copied from Step 2. Now click Ok to add repository location.

Step 5.) Wait for a while and it will display list of available products to be installed. Expend “Eclipse Git Team Provider” and select “Eclipse Git Team Provider”. Now Click Next

Step 6.) Review product and click Next.

Step 7.) It will ask you to Accept the agreement. Accept the agreement and click Finish.

Step 8.) Within few seconds, depending on your internet speed, all the necessary dependencies and executable will be downloaded and installed.

Step 9.) Accept the prompt to restart the Eclipse.

Your Eclipse Git Plugin installation is complete.

To verify your installation.

Step 1.) Go to Help > Install New Software

Step 2.) Click on Already Installed and verify plugin is installed.

Python: json.loads returns items prefixing with 'u'

The d3 print below is the one you are looking for (which is the combination of dumps and loads) :)

Having:

import json

d = """{"Aa": 1, "BB": "blabla", "cc": "False"}"""

d1 = json.loads(d)              # Produces a dictionary out of the given string
d2 = json.dumps(d)              # Produces a string out of a given dict or string
d3 = json.dumps(json.loads(d))  # 'dumps' gets the dict from 'loads' this time

print "d1:  " + str(d1)
print "d2:  " + d2
print "d3:  " + d3

Prints:

d1:  {u'Aa': 1, u'cc': u'False', u'BB': u'blabla'}
d2:  "{\"Aa\": 1, \"BB\": \"blabla\", \"cc\": \"False\"}"
d3:  {"Aa": 1, "cc": "False", "BB": "blabla"}

Python script to copy text to clipboard

This is an altered version of @Martin Thoma's answer for GTK3. I found that the original solution resulted in the process never ending and my terminal hung when I called the script. Changing the script to the following resolved the issue for me.

#!/usr/bin/python3

from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk
import sys
from time import sleep

class Hello(Gtk.Window):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Hello, self).__init__()

        clipboardText = sys.argv[1]
        clipboard = Gtk.Clipboard.get(Gdk.SELECTION_CLIPBOARD)
        clipboard.set_text(clipboardText, -1)
        clipboard.store()


def main():
    Hello()



if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

You will probably want to change what clipboardText gets assigned to, in this script it is assigned to the parameter that the script is called with.

On a fresh ubuntu 16.04 installation, I found that I had to install the python-gobject package for it to work without a module import error.

How to install gdb (debugger) in Mac OSX El Capitan?

Just spent a good few days trying to get this to work on High Sierra 10.13.1. The gdb 8.1 version from homebrew would not work no matter what I tried. Ended up installing gdb 8.0.1 via macports and this miraculously worked (after jumping through all of the other necessary hoops related to codesigning etc).

One additional issue is that in Eclipse you will get extraneous single quotes around all of your program arguments which can be worked around by providing the arguments inside .gdbinit instead.

In MySQL, how to copy the content of one table to another table within the same database?

Try this. Works well in my Oracle 10g,

CREATE TABLE new_table
  AS (SELECT * FROM old_table);

Warning: Null value is eliminated by an aggregate or other SET operation in Aqua Data Studio

You want to put the ISNULL inside of the COUNT function, not outside:

Not GOOD: ISNULL(COUNT(field), 0)

GOOD: COUNT(ISNULL(field, 0))

How to delete an SVN project from SVN repository

In the case where you simply want to delete a project from the head revision, so that it no longer shows up in your repo when you run svn list file:///path/to/repo/ just run:

svn delete file:///path/to/repo/project 

However, if you need to delete all record of it in the repo, use another method.

How do I use 3DES encryption/decryption in Java?

I had hard times figuring it out myself and this post helped me to find the right answer for my case. When working with financial messaging as ISO-8583 the 3DES requirements are quite specific, so for my especial case the "DESede/CBC/PKCS5Padding" combinations wasn't solving the problem. After some comparative testing of my results against some 3DES calculators designed for the financial world I found the the value "DESede/ECB/Nopadding" is more suited for the the specific task.

Here is a demo implementation of my TripleDes class (using the Bouncy Castle provider)



    import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
    import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
    import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
    import java.security.Security;
    import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
    import javax.crypto.Cipher;
    import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
    import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
    import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
    import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
    import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;


    /**
     *
     * @author Jose Luis Montes de Oca
     */
    public class TripleDesCipher {
       private static String TRIPLE_DES_TRANSFORMATION = "DESede/ECB/Nopadding";
       private static String ALGORITHM = "DESede";
       private static String BOUNCY_CASTLE_PROVIDER = "BC";
       private Cipher encrypter;
       private Cipher decrypter;

       public TripleDesCipher(byte[] key) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException, NoSuchPaddingException,
             InvalidKeyException {
          Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
          SecretKey keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, ALGORITHM);
          encrypter = Cipher.getInstance(TRIPLE_DES_TRANSFORMATION, BOUNCY_CASTLE_PROVIDER);
          encrypter.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keySpec);
          decrypter = Cipher.getInstance(TRIPLE_DES_TRANSFORMATION, BOUNCY_CASTLE_PROVIDER);
          decrypter.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keySpec);
       }

       public byte[] encode(byte[] input) throws IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException {
          return encrypter.doFinal(input);
       }

       public byte[] decode(byte[] input) throws IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException {
          return decrypter.doFinal(input);
       }
    }

How do I run a docker instance from a DockerFile?

You cannot start a container from a Dockerfile.

The process goes like this:

Dockerfile =[docker build]=> Docker image =[docker run]=> Docker container

To start (or run) a container you need an image. To create an image you need to build the Dockerfile[1].

[1]: you can also docker import an image from a tarball or again docker load.

Android "gps requires ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" error, even though my manifest file contains this

My simple solution is this

if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) ==
        PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
        ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) ==
        PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    googleMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
    googleMap.getUiSettings().setMyLocationButtonEnabled(true);
} else {
    Toast.makeText(this, R.string.error_permission_map, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}

or you can open permission dialog in else like this

} else {
   ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[] {
      Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, 
      Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION }, 
      TAG_CODE_PERMISSION_LOCATION);
}

Difference between VARCHAR2(10 CHAR) and NVARCHAR2(10)

nVarchar2 is a Unicode-only storage.

Though both data types are variable length String datatypes, you can notice the difference in how they store values. Each character is stored in bytes. As we know, not all languages have alphabets with same length, eg, English alphabet needs 1 byte per character, however, languages like Japanese or Chinese need more than 1 byte for storing a character.

When you specify varchar2(10), you are telling the DB that only 10 bytes of data will be stored. But, when you say nVarchar2(10), it means 10 characters will be stored. In this case, you don't have to worry about the number of bytes each character takes.

multiple where condition codeigniter

it's late for this answer but i think maybe still can help, i try the both methods above, using two where conditions and the method with the array, none of those work for me i did several test and the condition was never getting executed, so i did a workaround, here is my code:

public function validateLogin($email, $password){
        $password = md5($password);
        $this->db->select("userID,email,password");
        $query = $this->db->get_where("users", array("email" => $email));
        $p = $query->row_array();

        if($query->num_rows() == 1 && $password == $p['password']){  
            return $query->row();
        }

    }

How to get everything after a certain character?

strtok is an overlooked function for this sort of thing. It is meant to be quite fast.

$s = '233718_This_is_a_string';
$firstPart = strtok( $s, '_' );
$allTheRest = strtok( '' ); 

Empty string like this will force the rest of the string to be returned.

NB if there was nothing at all after the '_' you would get a FALSE value for $allTheRest which, as stated in the documentation, must be tested with ===, to distinguish from other falsy values.

How to get the html of a div on another page with jQuery ajax?

$.ajax({
  url:href,
  type:'get',
  success: function(data){
   console.log($(data)); 
  }
});

This console log gets an array like object: [meta, title, ,], very strange

You can use JavaScript:

var doc = document.documentElement.cloneNode()
doc.innerHTML = data
$content = $(doc.querySelector('#content'))

Using the "animated circle" in an ImageView while loading stuff

You can use this code from firebase github samples ..

You don't need to edit in layout files ... just make a new class "BaseActivity"

package com.example;

import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.support.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;


public class BaseActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @VisibleForTesting
    public ProgressDialog mProgressDialog;

    public void showProgressDialog() {
        if (mProgressDialog == null) {
            mProgressDialog = new ProgressDialog(this);
            mProgressDialog.setMessage("Loading ...");
            mProgressDialog.setIndeterminate(true);
        }

        mProgressDialog.show();
    }


    public void hideProgressDialog() {
        if (mProgressDialog != null && mProgressDialog.isShowing()) {
            mProgressDialog.dismiss();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        hideProgressDialog();
    }

}

In your Activity that you want to use the progress dialog ..

public class MyActivity extends BaseActivity

Before/After the function that take time

showProgressDialog();
.... my code that take some time
showProgressDialog();

Using grep and sed to find and replace a string

Not sure if this will be helpful but you can use this with a remote server like the example below

ssh example.server.com "find /DIR_NAME -type f -name "FILES_LOOKING_FOR" -exec sed -i 's/LOOKINGFOR/withThisString/g' {} ;"

replace the example.server.com with your server replace DIR_NAME with your directory/file locations replace FILES_LOOKING_FOR with files you are looking for replace LOOKINGFOR with what you are looking for replace withThisString with what your want to be replaced in the file

Mockito verify order / sequence of method calls

With BDD it's

@Test
public void testOrderWithBDD() {


    // Given
    ServiceClassA firstMock = mock(ServiceClassA.class);
    ServiceClassB secondMock = mock(ServiceClassB.class);

    //create inOrder object passing any mocks that need to be verified in order
    InOrder inOrder = inOrder(firstMock, secondMock);

    willDoNothing().given(firstMock).methodOne();
    willDoNothing().given(secondMock).methodTwo();

    // When
    firstMock.methodOne();
    secondMock.methodTwo();

    // Then
    then(firstMock).should(inOrder).methodOne();
    then(secondMock).should(inOrder).methodTwo();


}

How to test if JSON object is empty in Java

@Test
public void emptyJsonParseTest() {
    JsonNode emptyJsonNode = new ObjectMapper().createObjectNode();
    Assert.assertTrue(emptyJsonNode.asText().isEmpty());
}

How to display PDF file in HTML?

you can display easly in a html page like this

_x000D_
_x000D_
<embed src="path_of_your_pdf/your_pdf_file.pdf" type="application/pdf"   height="700px" width="500">
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

How can I create download link in HTML?

i know i am late but this is what i got after 1 hour of search

 <?php 
      $file = 'file.pdf';

    if (! file) {
        die('file not found'); //Or do something 
    } else {
       if(isset($_GET['file'])){  
        // Set headers
        header("Cache-Control: public");
        header("Content-Description: File Transfer");
        header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=$file");
        header("Content-Type: application/zip");
        header("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary");
        // Read the file from disk
        readfile($file); }
    }

    ?>

and for downloadable link i did this

<a href="index.php?file=file.pdf">Download PDF</a>

Remove object from a list of objects in python

if you wanna remove the last one just do your_list.pop(-1) if you wanna remove the first one your_list.pop(0) or any index you wish to remove

.NET: Simplest way to send POST with data and read response

   using (WebClient client = new WebClient())
   {

       byte[] response =
       client.UploadValues("http://dork.com/service", new NameValueCollection()
       {
           { "home", "Cosby" },
           { "favorite+flavor", "flies" }
       });

       string result = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(response);
   }

You will need these includes:

using System;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Net;

If you're insistent on using a static method/class:

public static class Http
{
    public static byte[] Post(string uri, NameValueCollection pairs)
    {
        byte[] response = null;
        using (WebClient client = new WebClient())
        {
            response = client.UploadValues(uri, pairs);
        }
        return response;
    }
}

Then simply:

var response = Http.Post("http://dork.com/service", new NameValueCollection() {
    { "home", "Cosby" },
    { "favorite+flavor", "flies" }
});

How do you input command line arguments in IntelliJ IDEA?

As @EastOcean said, We can add it by choosing Run/Debug configurations option. In my case, I have to set configuration for junit. So on clicking Edit configurations option, a pop up window is displayed. Then followed the below steps:

  1. Click on + icon
  2. Choose junit from the list
  3. Then we can see Configuration tab in the right hand side
  4. Select test kind, in my case Its a Class
  5. Next step browse through the location of the class which needs to be executed/run
  6. Next to that, choose VM Option, click on expand arrow icons
  7. Set required arguments for an example (-Durl="http://test.com/home" -Dsourcename="API" -Dbrowsername="chrome")
  8. Set jre path.

Save and run.

Thank you.

Java code To convert byte to Hexadecimal

If you are happy to use an external library, the org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex class has an encodeHex method which takes a byte[] and returns a char[]. This methods is MUCH faster than the format option, and encapsulates the details of the conversion. Also comes with a decodeHex method for the opposite conversion.

Python Selenium accessing HTML source

By using the page source you will get the whole HTML code.
So first decide the block of code or tag in which you require to retrieve the data or to click the element..

options = driver.find_elements_by_name_("XXX")
for option in options:
    if option.text == "XXXXXX":
        print(option.text)
        option.click()

You can find the elements by name, XPath, id, link and CSS path.

How to use callback with useState hook in react

You can use useEffect/useLayoutEffect to achieve this:

const SomeComponent = () => {
  const [count, setCount] = React.useState(0)

  React.useEffect(() => {
    if (count > 1) {
      document.title = 'Threshold of over 1 reached.';
    } else {
      document.title = 'No threshold reached.';
    }
  }, [count]);

  return (
    <div>
      <p>{count}</p>

      <button type="button" onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>
        Increase
      </button>
    </div>
  );
};

More about it over here.

If you are looking for an out of the box solution, check out this custom hook that works like useState but accepts as second parameter a callback function:

// npm install use-state-with-callback

import useStateWithCallback from 'use-state-with-callback';

const SomeOtherComponent = () => {
  const [count, setCount] = useStateWithCallback(0, count => {
    if (count > 1) {
      document.title = 'Threshold of over 1 reached.';
    } else {
      document.title = 'No threshold reached.';
    }
  });

  return (
    <div>
      <p>{count}</p>

      <button type="button" onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>
        Increase
      </button>
    </div>
  );
};

Angular.js ng-repeat filter by property having one of multiple values (OR of values)

In HTML:

<div ng-repeat="product in products | filter: colorFilter">

In Angular:

$scope.colorFilter = function (item) { 
  if (item.color === 'red' || item.color === 'blue') {
  return item;
 }
};

Passing arguments to AsyncTask, and returning results

Why would you pass an ArrayList?? It should be possible to just call execute with the params directly:

String curloc = current.toString();
String itemdesc = item.mDescription;
new calc_stanica().execute(itemdesc, curloc)

That how varrargs work, right? Making an ArrayList to pass the variable is double work.

How do I update pip itself from inside my virtual environment?

In my case this worked from the terminal command line in Debian Stable

python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

How do I find out if the GPS of an Android device is enabled

In android, we can easily check whether GPS is enabled in device or not using LocationManager.

Here is a simple program to Check.

GPS Enabled or Not :- Add the below user permission line in AndroidManifest.xml to Access Location

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

Your java class file should be

public class ExampleApp extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);

        if (locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)){
            Toast.makeText(this, "GPS is Enabled in your devide", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else{
            showGPSDisabledAlertToUser();
        }
    }

    private void showGPSDisabledAlertToUser(){
        AlertDialog.Builder alertDialogBuilder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
        alertDialogBuilder.setMessage("GPS is disabled in your device. Would you like to enable it?")
        .setCancelable(false)
        .setPositiveButton("Goto Settings Page To Enable GPS",
                new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id){
                Intent callGPSSettingIntent = new Intent(
                        android.provider.Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS);
                startActivity(callGPSSettingIntent);
            }
        });
        alertDialogBuilder.setNegativeButton("Cancel",
                new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id){
                dialog.cancel();
            }
        });
        AlertDialog alert = alertDialogBuilder.create();
        alert.show();
    }
}

The output will looks like

enter image description here

enter image description here

adding multiple entries to a HashMap at once in one statement

    boolean x;
    for (x = false, 
        map.put("One", new Integer(1)), 
        map.put("Two", new Integer(2)),      
        map.put("Three", new Integer(3)); x;);

Ignoring the declaration of x (which is necessary to avoid an "unreachable statement" diagnostic), technically it's only one statement.

how to prevent css inherit

The short story is that it's not possible to do what you want here. There's no CSS rule which is to "ignore some other rule". The only way around it is to write a more-specific CSS rule for the inner elements which reverts it to how it was before, which is a pain in the butt.

Take the example below:

<div class="red"> <!-- ignore the semantics, it's an example, yo! -->
    <p class="blue">
        Blue text blue text!
        <span class="notBlue">this shouldn't be blue</span>
    </p>
</div>
<div class="green">
    <p class="blue">
        Blue text!
        <span class="notBlue">blah</span>
    </p>
</div>

There's no way to make the .notBlue class revert to the parent styling. The best you can do is this:

.red, .red .notBlue {
    color: red;
}
.green, .green .notBlue {
    color: green;
}

Connecting to SQL Server using windows authentication

Your connection string is wrong

<connectionStrings>
   <add name="ConnStringDb1" connectionString="Data Source=localhost\SQLSERVER;Initial Catalog=YourDataBaseName;Integrated Security=True;" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
</connectionStrings>

Make TextBox uneditable

If you want to do it using XAML set the property isReadOnly to true.

Function to close the window in Tkinter

class App():
    def __init__(self):
        self.root = Tkinter.Tk()
        button = Tkinter.Button(self.root, text = 'root quit', command=self.quit)
        button.pack()
        self.root.mainloop()

    def quit(self):
        self.root.destroy()

app = App()

Printing out all the objects in array list

Whenever you print any instance of your class, the default toString implementation of Object class is called, which returns the representation that you are getting. It contains two parts: - Type and Hashcode

So, in student.Student@82701e that you get as output ->

  • student.Student is the Type, and
  • 82701e is the HashCode

So, you need to override a toString method in your Student class to get required String representation: -

@Override
public String toString() {
    return "Student No: " + this.getStudentNo() + 
           ", Student Name: " + this.getStudentName();
}

So, when from your main class, you print your ArrayList, it will invoke the toString method for each instance, that you overrided rather than the one in Object class: -

List<Student> students = new ArrayList();

// You can directly print your ArrayList
System.out.println(students); 

// Or, iterate through it to print each instance
for(Student student: students) {
    System.out.println(student);  // Will invoke overrided `toString()` method
}

In both the above cases, the toString method overrided in Student class will be invoked and appropriate representation of each instance will be printed.

Detect enter press in JTextField

For each text field in your frame, invoke the addKeyListener method. Then implement and override the keyPressed method, as others have indicated. Now you can press enter from any field in your frame to activate your action.

@Override
        public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
            if(e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER){
                //perform action
            }
        }

How to wait in bash for several subprocesses to finish and return exit code !=0 when any subprocess ends with code !=0?

Here's what I've come up with so far. I would like to see how to interrupt the sleep command if a child terminates, so that one would not have to tune WAITALL_DELAY to one's usage.

waitall() { # PID...
  ## Wait for children to exit and indicate whether all exited with 0 status.
  local errors=0
  while :; do
    debug "Processes remaining: $*"
    for pid in "$@"; do
      shift
      if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
        debug "$pid is still alive."
        set -- "$@" "$pid"
      elif wait "$pid"; then
        debug "$pid exited with zero exit status."
      else
        debug "$pid exited with non-zero exit status."
        ((++errors))
      fi
    done
    (("$#" > 0)) || break
    # TODO: how to interrupt this sleep when a child terminates?
    sleep ${WAITALL_DELAY:-1}
   done
  ((errors == 0))
}

debug() { echo "DEBUG: $*" >&2; }

pids=""
for t in 3 5 4; do 
  sleep "$t" &
  pids="$pids $!"
done
waitall $pids

keyword not supported data source

I know this is an old post but I got the same error recently so for what it's worth, here's another solution:

This is usually a connection string error, please check the format of your connection string, you can look up 'entity framework connectionstring' or follow the suggestions above.

However, in my case my connection string was fine and the error was caused by something completely different so I hope this helps someone:

  1. First I had an EDMX error: there was a new database table in the EDMX and the table did not exist in my database (funny thing is the error the error was not very obvious because it was not shown in my EDMX or output window, instead it was tucked away in visual studio in the 'Error List' window under the 'Warnings'). I resolved this error by adding the missing table to my database. But, I was actually busy trying to add a stored procedure and still getting the 'datasource' error so see below how i resolved it:

  2. Stored procedure error: I was trying to add a stored procedure and everytime I added it via the EDMX design window I got a 'datasource' error. The solution was to add the stored procedure as blank (I kept the stored proc name and declaration but deleted the contents of the stored proc and replaced it with 'select 1' and retried adding it to the EDMX). It worked! Presumably EF didn't like something inside my stored proc. Once I'd added the proc to EF I was then able to update the contents of the proc on my database to what I wanted it to be and it works, 'datasource' error resolved.

weirdness

How do I detach objects in Entity Framework Code First?

If you want to detach existing object follow @Slauma's advice. If you want to load objects without tracking changes use:

var data = context.MyEntities.AsNoTracking().Where(...).ToList();

As mentioned in comment this will not completely detach entities. They are still attached and lazy loading works but entities are not tracked. This should be used for example if you want to load entity only to read data and you don't plan to modify them.

Removing an activity from the history stack

Just set noHistory="true" in Manifest file. It makes activity being removed from the backstack.

Visual Studio: Relative Assembly References Paths

Yes, just create a directory in your solution like lib/, and then add your dll to that directory in the filesystem and add it in the project (Add->Existing Item->etc). Then add the reference based on your project.

I have done this several times under svn and under cvs.

How can I append a query parameter to an existing URL?

For android, Use: https://developer.android.com/reference/android/net/Uri#buildUpon()

URI oldUri = new URI(uri);
Uri.Builder builder = oldUri.buildUpon();
 builder.appendQueryParameter("newParameter", "dummyvalue");
 Uri newUri =  builder.build();

How to merge a Series and DataFrame

If I could suggest setting up your dataframes like this (auto-indexing):

df = pd.DataFrame({'a':[np.nan, 1, 2], 'b':[4, 5, 6]})

then you can set up your s1 and s2 values thus (using shape() to return the number of rows from df):

s = pd.DataFrame({'s1':[5]*df.shape[0], 's2':[6]*df.shape[0]})

then the result you want is easy:

display (df.merge(s, left_index=True, right_index=True))

Alternatively, just add the new values to your dataframe df:

df = pd.DataFrame({'a':[nan, 1, 2], 'b':[4, 5, 6]})
df['s1']=5
df['s2']=6
display(df)

Both return:

     a  b  s1  s2
0  NaN  4   5   6
1  1.0  5   5   6
2  2.0  6   5   6

If you have another list of data (instead of just a single value to apply), and you know it is in the same sequence as df, eg:

s1=['a','b','c']

then you can attach this in the same way:

df['s1']=s1

returns:

     a  b s1
0  NaN  4  a
1  1.0  5  b
2  2.0  6  c

Ng-model does not update controller value

Since no one mentioned this the problem can be resolved by adding $parent to the bound property

<div ng-controller="LoginController">
    <input type="text" name="login" class="form-control" ng-model="$parent.ssn" ng-pattern="/\d{6,8}-\d{4}|\d{10,12}/" ng-required="true" />
    <button class="button-big" type="submit" ng-click="BankLogin()" ng-disabled="!bankidForm.login.$valid">Logga in</button>
</div>

And the controller

app.controller("LoginController", ['$scope', function ($scope) {
    $scope.ssn = '';

    $scope.BankLogin = function () {
        console.log($scope.ssn); // works!
    };
}]);

Generating Request/Response XML from a WSDL

Try this online tool: https://www.wsdl-analyzer.com. It appears to be free and does a lot more than just generate XML for requests and response.

There is also this: https://www.oxygenxml.com/xml_editor/wsdl_soap_analyzer.html, which can be downloaded, but not free.

How to set a variable to current date and date-1 in linux?

You can try:

#!/bin/bash
d=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
echo "$d"

EDIT: Changed y to Y for 4 digit date as per QuantumFool's comment.

Illegal string offset Warning PHP

It works to me:

Testing Code of mine:

$var2['data'] = array ('a'=>'21','b'=>'32','c'=>'55','d'=>'66','e'=>'77');
foreach($var2 as $result)
{  
    $test = $result['c'];
}
print_r($test);

Output: 55

Check it guys. Thanks

sweet-alert display HTML code in text

I assume that </ is not accepted inside the string.

Try to escape the forward slash "/" by preceding it with a backward slash "\" for example:

var hh = "<b>test<\/b>";

Using DataContractSerializer to serialize, but can't deserialize back

Here is how I've always done it:

    public static string Serialize(object obj) {
        using(MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
        using(StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(memoryStream)) {
            DataContractSerializer serializer = new DataContractSerializer(obj.GetType());
            serializer.WriteObject(memoryStream, obj);
            memoryStream.Position = 0;
            return reader.ReadToEnd();
        }
    }

    public static object Deserialize(string xml, Type toType) {
        using(Stream stream = new MemoryStream()) {
            byte[] data = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xml);
            stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
            stream.Position = 0;
            DataContractSerializer deserializer = new DataContractSerializer(toType);
            return deserializer.ReadObject(stream);
        }
    }

Convert Text to Date?

I've got rid of type mismatch by following code:

Sub ConvertToDate()

Dim r As Range
Dim setdate As Range

'in my case I have a header and no blank cells in used range,
'starting from 2nd row, 1st column
Set setdate = Range(Cells(2, 1), Cells(2, 1).End(xlDown)) 

    With setdate
        .NumberFormat = "dd.mm.yyyy" 'I have the data in format "dd.mm.yy"
        .Value = .Value
    End With

    For Each r In setdate
        r.Value = CDate(r.Value)
    Next r

End Sub

But in my particular case, I have the data in format "dd.mm.yy"

transform object to array with lodash

If you want some custom mapping (like original Array.prototype.map) of Object into an Array, you can just use _.forEach:

let myObject = {
  key1: "value1",
  key2: "value2",
  // ...
};

let myNewArray = [];

_.forEach(myObject, (value, key) => {
  myNewArray.push({
    someNewKey: key,
    someNewValue: value.toUpperCase() // just an example of new value based on original value
  });
});

// myNewArray => [{ someNewKey: key1, someNewValue: 'VALUE1' }, ... ];

See lodash doc of _.forEach https://lodash.com/docs/#forEach

Using psql how do I list extensions installed in a database?

Additionally if you want to know which extensions are available on your server: SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions

Running an executable in Mac Terminal

Unix will only run commands if they are available on the system path, as you can view by the $PATH variable

echo $PATH

Executables located in directories that are not on the path cannot be run unless you specify their full location. So in your case, assuming the executable is in the current directory you are working with, then you can execute it as such

./my-exec

Where my-exec is the name of your program.

Converting string to number in javascript/jQuery

You can use parseInt(string, radix) to convert string value to integer like this code below

var votevalue = parseInt($('button').data('votevalue'));
?

DEMO

Text inset for UITextField?

If you want to change TOP and LEFT indent only then

// placeholder position

- (CGRect)textRectForBounds:(CGRect)bounds {

CGRect frame = bounds;
frame.origin.y = 3;
 frame.origin.x = 5;
bounds = frame;
return CGRectInset( bounds , 0 , 0 );
}

// text position

- (CGRect)editingRectForBounds:(CGRect)bounds {

CGRect frame = bounds;
frame.origin.y = 3;
 frame.origin.x = 5;
bounds = frame;
return CGRectInset( bounds , 0 , 0 );
}

How to access the last value in a vector?

I use the tail function:

tail(vector, n=1)

The nice thing with tail is that it works on dataframes too, unlike the x[length(x)] idiom.

Pass form data to another page with php

The best way to accomplish that is to use POST which is a method of Hypertext Transfer Protocol https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Methods

index.php

<html>
<body>

<form action="site2.php" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="name">
Email: <input type="text" name="email">
<input type="submit">
</form>

</body>
</html> 

site2.php

 <html>
 <body>

 Hello <?php echo $_POST["name"]; ?>!<br>
 Your mail is <?php echo $_POST["mail"]; ?>.

 </body>
 </html> 

output

Hello "name" !

Your email is "[email protected]" .

git stash apply version

The keys into the stash are actually the stash@{n} items on the left. So try:

git stash apply stash@{0}

(note that in some shells you need to quote "stash@{0}", like zsh, fish and powershell).

Since version 2.11, it's pretty easy, you can use the N stack number instead of using stash@{n}. So now instead of using:

git stash apply "stash@{n}"

You can type:

git stash apply n

To get list of stashes:

git stash list

In fact stash@{0} is a revision in git that you can switch to... but git stash apply ... should figure out how to DTRT to apply it to your current location.

Asp.net 4.0 has not been registered

Go to Visual Studio 2010 Command prompt and set the Directives as :

C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319>

then install IIS by following command:

C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319>aspnet_regiis -i

now iis will working.. its better if your restart the computer

How to finish current activity in Android

When you want start a new activity and finish the current activity you can do this:

API 11 or greater

Intent intent = new Intent(OldActivity.this, NewActivity.class);
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);
startActivity(intent);

API 10 or lower

Intent intent = new Intent(OldActivity.this, NewActivity.class);
intent.setFlags(IntentCompat.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | IntentCompat.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);
startActivity(intent);

I hope this can help somebody =)

Node.js: printing to console without a trailing newline?

You can use process.stdout.write():

process.stdout.write("hello: ");

See the docs for details.

How to create a label inside an <input> element?

The common approach is to use the default value as a label, and then remove it when the field gains the focus.

I really dislike this approach as it has accessibility and usability implications.

Instead, I would start by using a standard element next to the field.

Then, if JavaScript is active, set a class on an ancestor element which causes some new styles to apply that:

  • Relatively position a div that contains the input and label
  • Absolutely position the label
  • Absolutely position the input on top of the label
  • Remove the borders of the input and set its background-color to transparent

Then, and also whenever the input loses the focus, I test to see if the input has a value. If it does, ensure that an ancestor element has a class (e.g. "hide-label"), otherwise ensure that it does not have that class.

Whenever the input gains the focus, set that class.

The stylesheet would use that classname in a selector to hide the label (using text-indent: -9999px; usually).

This approach provides a decent experience for all users, including those with JS disabled and those using screen readers.

Why does writeObject throw java.io.NotSerializableException and how do I fix it?

The fields of your object have in turn their fields, some of which do not implement Serializable. In your case the offending class is TransformGroup. How to solve it?

  • if the class is yours, make it Serializable
  • if the class is 3rd party, but you don't need it in the serialized form, mark the field as transient
  • if you need its data and it's third party, consider other means of serialization, like JSON, XML, BSON, MessagePack, etc. where you can get 3rd party objects serialized without modifying their definitions.

Python threading. How do I lock a thread?

import threading 

# global variable x 
x = 0

def increment(): 
    """ 
    function to increment global variable x 
    """
    global x 
    x += 1

def thread_task(): 
    """ 
    task for thread 
    calls increment function 100000 times. 
    """
    for _ in range(100000): 
        increment() 

def main_task(): 
    global x 
    # setting global variable x as 0 
    x = 0

    # creating threads 
    t1 = threading.Thread(target=thread_task) 
    t2 = threading.Thread(target=thread_task) 

    # start threads 
    t1.start() 
    t2.start() 

    # wait until threads finish their job 
    t1.join() 
    t2.join() 

if __name__ == "__main__": 
    for i in range(10): 
        main_task() 
        print("Iteration {0}: x = {1}".format(i,x))

XPath Query: get attribute href from a tag

For the following HTML document:

<html>
  <body>
    <a href="http://www.example.com">Example</a> 
    <a href="http://www.stackoverflow.com">SO</a> 
  </body>
</html>

The xpath query /html/body//a/@href (or simply //a/@href) will return:

    http://www.example.com
    http://www.stackoverflow.com

To select a specific instance use /html/body//a[N]/@href,

    $ /html/body//a[2]/@href
    http://www.stackoverflow.com

To test for strings contained in the attribute and return the attribute itself place the check on the tag not on the attribute:

    $ /html/body//a[contains(@href,'example')]/@href
    http://www.example.com

Mixing the two:

    $ /html/body//a[contains(@href,'com')][2]/@href
    http://www.stackoverflow.com

Calculating number of full months between two dates in SQL

This is for ORACLE only and not for SQL-Server:

months_between(to_date ('2009/05/15', 'yyyy/mm/dd'), 
               to_date ('2009/04/16', 'yyyy/mm/dd'))

And for full month:

round(months_between(to_date ('2009/05/15', 'yyyy/mm/dd'), 
                     to_date ('2009/04/16', 'yyyy/mm/dd')))

Can be used in Oracle 8i and above.

How to create a GUID / UUID

Well, this has a bunch of answers already, but unfortunately there's not a "true" random in the bunch. The version below is an adaptation of broofa's answer, but updated to include a "true" random function that uses crypto libraries where available, and the Alea() function as a fallback.

  Math.log2 = Math.log2 || function(n){ return Math.log(n) / Math.log(2); }
  Math.trueRandom = (function() {
  var crypt = window.crypto || window.msCrypto;

  if (crypt && crypt.getRandomValues) {
      // if we have a crypto library, use it
      var random = function(min, max) {
          var rval = 0;
          var range = max - min;
          if (range < 2) {
              return min;
          }

          var bits_needed = Math.ceil(Math.log2(range));
          if (bits_needed > 53) {
            throw new Exception("We cannot generate numbers larger than 53 bits.");
          }
          var bytes_needed = Math.ceil(bits_needed / 8);
          var mask = Math.pow(2, bits_needed) - 1;
          // 7776 -> (2^13 = 8192) -1 == 8191 or 0x00001111 11111111

          // Create byte array and fill with N random numbers
          var byteArray = new Uint8Array(bytes_needed);
          crypt.getRandomValues(byteArray);

          var p = (bytes_needed - 1) * 8;
          for(var i = 0; i < bytes_needed; i++ ) {
              rval += byteArray[i] * Math.pow(2, p);
              p -= 8;
          }

          // Use & to apply the mask and reduce the number of recursive lookups
          rval = rval & mask;

          if (rval >= range) {
              // Integer out of acceptable range
              return random(min, max);
          }
          // Return an integer that falls within the range
          return min + rval;
      }
      return function() {
          var r = random(0, 1000000000) / 1000000000;
          return r;
      };
  } else {
      // From https://web.archive.org/web/20120502223108/http://baagoe.com/en/RandomMusings/javascript/
      // Johannes Baagøe <[email protected]>, 2010
      function Mash() {
          var n = 0xefc8249d;

          var mash = function(data) {
              data = data.toString();
              for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
                  n += data.charCodeAt(i);
                  var h = 0.02519603282416938 * n;
                  n = h >>> 0;
                  h -= n;
                  h *= n;
                  n = h >>> 0;
                  h -= n;
                  n += h * 0x100000000; // 2^32
              }
              return (n >>> 0) * 2.3283064365386963e-10; // 2^-32
          };

          mash.version = 'Mash 0.9';
          return mash;
      }

      // From http://baagoe.com/en/RandomMusings/javascript/
      function Alea() {
          return (function(args) {
              // Johannes Baagøe <[email protected]>, 2010
              var s0 = 0;
              var s1 = 0;
              var s2 = 0;
              var c = 1;

              if (args.length == 0) {
                  args = [+new Date()];
              }
              var mash = Mash();
              s0 = mash(' ');
              s1 = mash(' ');
              s2 = mash(' ');

              for (var i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
                  s0 -= mash(args[i]);
                  if (s0 < 0) {
                      s0 += 1;
                  }
                  s1 -= mash(args[i]);
                  if (s1 < 0) {
                      s1 += 1;
                  }
                  s2 -= mash(args[i]);
                  if (s2 < 0) {
                      s2 += 1;
                  }
              }
              mash = null;

              var random = function() {
                  var t = 2091639 * s0 + c * 2.3283064365386963e-10; // 2^-32
                  s0 = s1;
                  s1 = s2;
                  return s2 = t - (c = t | 0);
              };
              random.uint32 = function() {
                  return random() * 0x100000000; // 2^32
              };
              random.fract53 = function() {
                  return random() +
                      (random() * 0x200000 | 0) * 1.1102230246251565e-16; // 2^-53
              };
              random.version = 'Alea 0.9';
              random.args = args;
              return random;

          }(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments)));
      };
      return Alea();
  }
}());

Math.guid = function() {
    return 'xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx'.replace(/[xy]/g, function(c)    {
      var r = Math.trueRandom() * 16 | 0,
          v = c == 'x' ? r : (r & 0x3 | 0x8);
      return v.toString(16);
  });
};

Tab Escape Character?

For someone who needs quick reference of C# Escape Sequences that can be used in string literals:

\t     Horizontal tab (ASCII code value: 9)

\n     Line feed (ASCII code value: 10)

\r     Carriage return (ASCII code value: 13)

\'     Single quotation mark

\"     Double quotation mark

\\     Backslash

\?     Literal question mark

\x12     ASCII character in hexadecimal notation (e.g. for 0x12)

\x1234     Unicode character in hexadecimal notation (e.g. for 0x1234)

It's worth mentioning that these (in most cases) are universal codes. So \t is 9 and \n is 10 char value on Windows and Linux. But newline sequence is not universal. On Windows it's \n\r and on Linux it's just \n. That's why it's best to use Environment.Newline which gets adjusted to current OS settings. With .Net Core it gets really important.

How can I check if my Element ID has focus?

Write below code in script and also add jQuery library

var getElement = document.getElementById('myID');

if (document.activeElement === getElement) {
        $(document).keydown(function(event) {
            if (event.which === 40) {
                console.log('keydown pressed')
            }
        });
    }

Thank you...

How to scroll to specific item using jQuery?

I managed to do it myself. No need for any plugins. Check out my gist:

// Replace #fromA with your button/control and #toB with the target to which     
// You wanna scroll to. 
//
$("#fromA").click(function() {
    $("html, body").animate({ scrollTop: $("#toB").offset().top }, 1500);
});

Disable beep of Linux Bash on Windows 10

To disable the beeps when ssh-ing in a remote machine, simply create the same ~/.inputrc and ~/.vimrc files on the remote machine to stop ssh itself from beeping.

See the answer from @Nemo for the contents of each file.

How does Tomcat locate the webapps directory?

Change appBase in server.xml

If you want to keep both previous webapps and a new one, you can use another Host instance with another port defined in tomcat.

Change window location Jquery

I'm assuming you're using jquery to make the AJAX call so you can do this pretty easily by putting the redirect in the success like so:

    $.ajax({
       url: 'ajax_location.html',
       success: function(data) {
          //this is the redirect
          document.location.href='/newpage/';
       }
    });

OracleCommand SQL Parameters Binding

string strConn = "Data Source=ORCL134; User ID=user; Password=psd;";

System.Data.OracleClient.OracleConnection con = newSystem.Data.OracleClient.OracleConnection(strConn);
    con.Open();

    System.Data.OracleClient.OracleCommand Cmd = 
        new System.Data.OracleClient.OracleCommand(
            "SELECT * FROM TBLE_Name WHERE ColumnName_year= :year", con);

//for oracle..it is :object_name and for sql it s @object_name
    Cmd.Parameters.Add(new System.Data.OracleClient.OracleParameter("year", (txtFinYear.Text).ToString()));

    System.Data.OracleClient.OracleDataAdapter da = new System.Data.OracleClient.OracleDataAdapter(Cmd);
    DataSet myDS = new DataSet();
    da.Fill(myDS);
    try
    {
        lblBatch.Text = "Batch Number is : " + Convert.ToString(myDS.Tables[0].Rows[0][19]);
        lblBatch.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Green;
        lblBatch.Visible = true;
    }
    catch 
    {
        lblBatch.Text = "No Data Found for the Year : " + txtFinYear.Text;
        lblBatch.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
        lblBatch.Visible = true;   
    }
    da.Dispose();
    con.Close();

WELD-001408: Unsatisfied dependencies for type Customer with qualifiers @Default

You need to annotate your Customer class with @Named or @Model annotation:

package de.java2enterprise.onlineshop.model;
@Model
public class Customer {
    private String email;
    private String password;
}

or create/modify beans.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/beans_1_1.xsd"
   bean-discovery-mode="all">
</beans>

Retrofit 2 - Dynamic URL

Step-1

  Please define a method in Api interface like:-
 @FormUrlEncoded
 @POST()
 Call<RootLoginModel> getForgotPassword(
        @Url String apiname,
        @Field(ParameterConstants.email_id) String username
 );

Step-2 For a best practice define a class for retrofit instance:-

  public class ApiRequest {
       static Retrofit retrofit = null;



public static Retrofit getClient() {
    HttpLoggingInterceptor logging = new HttpLoggingInterceptor();
    logging.setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);

    OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient().newBuilder()
            .addInterceptor(logging)
            .connectTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
            .readTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
            .writeTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
            .build();

    if (retrofit==null) {
        retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl(URLConstants.base_url)
                .client(okHttpClient)
                .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
                .build();
    }
    return retrofit;
}

} Step-3 define in your activity:-

  final APIService request =ApiRequest.getClient().create(APIService.class);
  Call<RootLoginModel> call = request.getForgotPassword("dynamic api 
  name",strEmailid);

Programmatically saving image to Django ImageField

I have some code that fetches an image off the web and stores it in a model. The important bits are:

from django.core.files import File  # you need this somewhere
import urllib


# The following actually resides in a method of my model

result = urllib.urlretrieve(image_url) # image_url is a URL to an image

# self.photo is the ImageField
self.photo.save(
    os.path.basename(self.url),
    File(open(result[0], 'rb'))
    )

self.save()

That's a bit confusing because it's pulled out of my model and a bit out of context, but the important parts are:

  • The image pulled from the web is not stored in the upload_to folder, it is instead stored as a tempfile by urllib.urlretrieve() and later discarded.
  • The ImageField.save() method takes a filename (the os.path.basename bit) and a django.core.files.File object.

Let me know if you have questions or need clarification.

Edit: for the sake of clarity, here is the model (minus any required import statements):

class CachedImage(models.Model):
    url = models.CharField(max_length=255, unique=True)
    photo = models.ImageField(upload_to=photo_path, blank=True)

    def cache(self):
        """Store image locally if we have a URL"""

        if self.url and not self.photo:
            result = urllib.urlretrieve(self.url)
            self.photo.save(
                    os.path.basename(self.url),
                    File(open(result[0], 'rb'))
                    )
            self.save()

How Can I Bypass the X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN HTTP Header?

If the 2nd company is happy for you to access their content in an IFrame then they need to take the restriction off - they can do this fairly easily in the IIS config.

There's nothing you can do to circumvent it and anything that does work should get patched quickly in a security hotfix. You can't tell the browser to just render the frame if the source content header says not allowed in frames. That would make it easier for session hijacking.

If the content is GET only you don't post data back then you could get the page server side and proxy the content without the header, but then any post back should get invalidated.

Insert a line at specific line number with sed or awk

the awk answer

awk -v n=8 -v s="Project_Name=sowstest" 'NR == n {print s} {print}' file > file.new

How to query as GROUP BY in django?

The following module allows you to group Django models and still work with a QuerySet in the result: https://github.com/kako-nawao/django-group-by

For example:

from django_group_by import GroupByMixin

class BookQuerySet(QuerySet, GroupByMixin):
    pass

class Book(Model):
    title = TextField(...)
    author = ForeignKey(User, ...)
    shop = ForeignKey(Shop, ...)
    price = DecimalField(...)

class GroupedBookListView(PaginationMixin, ListView):
    template_name = 'book/books.html'
    model = Book
    paginate_by = 100

    def get_queryset(self):
        return Book.objects.group_by('title', 'author').annotate(
            shop_count=Count('shop'), price_avg=Avg('price')).order_by(
            'name', 'author').distinct()

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        return super().get_context_data(total_count=self.get_queryset().count(), **kwargs)

'book/books.html'

<ul>
{% for book in object_list %}
    <li>
        <h2>{{ book.title }}</td>
        <p>{{ book.author.last_name }}, {{ book.author.first_name }}</p>
        <p>{{ book.shop_count }}</p>
        <p>{{ book.price_avg }}</p>
    </li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>

The difference to the annotate/aggregate basic Django queries is the use of the attributes of a related field, e.g. book.author.last_name.

If you need the PKs of the instances that have been grouped together, add the following annotation:

.annotate(pks=ArrayAgg('id'))

NOTE: ArrayAgg is a Postgres specific function, available from Django 1.9 onwards: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/contrib/postgres/aggregates/#arrayagg

How to launch an application from a browser?

Some applications launches themselves by protocols. like itunes with "itms://" links. I don't know however how you can register that with windows.

2 "style" inline css img tags?

You don't need 2 style attributes - just use one:

<img src="http://img705.imageshack.us/img705/119/original120x75.png" 
                                     style="height:100px;width:100px;" alt="25"/>

Consider, however, using a CSS class instead:

CSS:

.100pxSquare
{
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
}

HTML:

<img src="http://img705.imageshack.us/img705/119/original120x75.png" 
                                          class="100pxSquare" alt="25"/>

failed to open stream: No such file or directory in

Failed to open stream error occurs because the given path is wrong such as:

$uploadedFile->saveAs(Yii::app()->request->baseUrl.'/images/'.$model->user_photo);

It will give an error if the images folder will not allow you to store images, be sure your folder is readable

Modal width (increase)

Simply Use !important after giving width of that class that is override your class.

For Example

.modal .modal-dialog {
  width: 850px !important;
}

Hopefully this will works for you.

MS SQL compare dates?

SELECT CASE WHEN CAST(date1 AS DATE) <= CAST(date2 AS DATE) ...

Should do what you need.

Test Case

WITH dates(date1, date2, date3, date4)
     AS (SELECT CAST('20101231 15:13:48.593' AS DATETIME),
                CAST('20101231 00:00:00.000' AS DATETIME),
                CAST('20101231 15:13:48.593' AS DATETIME),
                CAST('20101231 00:00:00.000' AS DATETIME))
SELECT CASE
         WHEN CAST(date1 AS DATE) <= CAST(date2 AS DATE) THEN 'Y'
         ELSE 'N'
       END AS COMPARISON_WITH_CAST,
       CASE
         WHEN date3 <= date4 THEN 'Y'
         ELSE 'N'
       END AS COMPARISON_WITHOUT_CAST
FROM   dates 

Returns

COMPARISON_WITH_CAST   |  COMPARISON_WITHOUT_CAST
Y                         N

XSLT counting elements with a given value

<xsl:variable name="count" select="count(/Property/long = $parPropId)"/>

Un-tested but I think that should work. I'm assuming the Property nodes are direct children of the root node and therefor taking out your descendant selector for peformance

Difference between xcopy and robocopy

The differences I could see is that Robocopy has a lot more options, but I didn't find any of them particularly helpful unless I'm doing something special.

I did some benchmarking of several copy routines and found XCOPY and ROBOCOPY to be the fastest, but to my surprise, XCOPY consistently edged out Robocopy.

It's ironic that robocopy retries a copy that fails, but it also failed a lot in my benchmark tests, where xcopy never did.

I did full file (byte by byte) file compares after my benchmark tests.

Here are the switches I used with robocopy in my tests:

 **"/E /R:1 /W:1 /NP /NFL /NDL"**.  

If anyone knows a faster combination (other than removing /E, which I need), I'd love to hear.

Another interesting/disappointing thing with robocopy is that if a copy does fail, by default it retries 1,000,000 times with a 30 second delay between each try. If you are running a long batch file unattended, you may be very disappointed when you come back after a few hours to find it's still trying to copy a particular file.

The /R and /W switches let you change this behavior.

  • With /R you can tell it how many times to retry,
  • /W let's you specify the wait time before retries.

If there's a way to attach files here, I can share my results.

  • My tests were all done on the same computer and
  • copied files from one external drive to another external,
  • both on USB 3.0 ports.

I also included FastCopy and Windows Copy in my tests and each test was run 10 times. Note, the differences were pretty significant. The 95% confidence intervals had no overlap.

Facebook API error 191

Had the same problem:

$params = array('redirect_uri' => 'facebook.com/pages/foobar-dev');
$facebook->getLoginUrl($params);

When I changed the redirect_uri from the devloper page to the live page, 191 Error came up.

So I deleted the $params:

$facebook->getLoginUrl();

After the app-request now FB redirects to the app url itself f.e.: my.domain.com

What I do now is checking in index.php of my app if I'm inside FB iframe or not. If not I redirect to the live FB page f.e.:

$app = 'facebook.com/pages/foobar-live';
$rd = (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'])) ? parse_url($_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'], PHP_URL_HOST) : false;
if ($rd == 'apps.facebook.com' || (!isset($_REQUEST['signed_request'])))  {
    echo '<script>window.parent.location = "'.$app.'";</script>';
    die();
}

How to pass table value parameters to stored procedure from .net code

Further to Ryan's answer you will also need to set the DataColumn's Ordinal property if you are dealing with a table-valued parameter with multiple columns whose ordinals are not in alphabetical order.

As an example, if you have the following table value that is used as a parameter in SQL:

CREATE TYPE NodeFilter AS TABLE (
  ID int not null
  Code nvarchar(10) not null,
);

You would need to order your columns as such in C#:

table.Columns["ID"].SetOrdinal(0);
// this also bumps Code to ordinal of 1
// if you have more than 2 cols then you would need to set more ordinals

If you fail to do this you will get a parse error, failed to convert nvarchar to int.