Programs & Examples On #Jform

Simple InputBox function

The simplest way to get an input box is with the Read-Host cmdlet and -AsSecureString parameter.

$us = Read-Host 'Enter Your User Name:' -AsSecureString
$pw = Read-Host 'Enter Your Password:' -AsSecureString

This is especially useful if you are gathering login info like my example above. If you prefer to keep the variables obfuscated as SecureString objects you can convert the variables on the fly like this:

[Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto([Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($us))
[Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto([Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($pw))

If the info does not need to be secure at all you can convert it to plain text:

$user = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto([Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($us))

Read-Host and -AsSecureString appear to have been included in all PowerShell versions (1-6) but I do not have PowerShell 1 or 2 to ensure the commands work identically. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/read-host?view=powershell-3.0

The type or namespace name could not be found

If your project (PrjTest) does not expose any public types within the PrjTest namespace, it will cause that error.

Does the project (PrjTest) include any classes or types in the "PrjTest" namespace which are public?

exception in initializer error in java when using Netbeans

You get an ExceptionInInitializerError if something goes wrong in the static initializer block.

class C
{
  static
  {
     // if something does wrong -> ExceptionInInitializerError
  }
}

Because static variables are initialized in static blocks there are a source of these errors too. An example:

class C
{
  static int v = D.foo();
}

=>

class C
{
  static int v;

  static
  {
    v = D.foo();
  }
}

So if foo() goes wild, you get a ExceptionInInitializerError.

jQuery and TinyMCE: textarea value doesn't submit

I just hide() the tinymce and submit form, the changed value of textarea missing. So I added this:

$("textarea[id='id_answer']").change(function(){
    var editor_id = $(this).attr('id');
    var editor = tinymce.get(editor_id);
    editor.setContent($(this).val()).save();
});

It works for me.

How to make child process die after parent exits?

Under POSIX, the exit(), _exit() and _Exit() functions are defined to:

  • If the process is a controlling process, the SIGHUP signal shall be sent to each process in the foreground process group of the controlling terminal belonging to the calling process.

So, if you arrange for the parent process to be a controlling process for its process group, the child should get a SIGHUP signal when the parent exits. I'm not absolutely sure that happens when the parent crashes, but I think it does. Certainly, for the non-crash cases, it should work fine.

Note that you may have to read quite a lot of fine print - including the Base Definitions (Definitions) section, as well as the System Services information for exit() and setsid() and setpgrp() - to get the complete picture. (So would I!)

Regular expression for checking if capital letters are found consecutively in a string?

Edit: 2015-10-26: thanks for the upvotes - but take a look at tchrist's answer, especially if you develop for the web or something more "international".

Oren Trutners answer isn't quite right (see sample input of "RightHerE" which must be matched but isn't)

Here is the correct solution:

(?!^.*[A-Z]{2,}.*$)^[A-Za-z]*$

edit:

(?!^.*[A-Z]{2,}.*$)  // don't match the whole expression if there are two or more consecutive uppercase letters
^[A-Za-z]*$          // match uppercase and lowercase letters

/edit

the key for the solution is a negative lookahead see: http://www.regular-expressions.info/lookaround.html

Failed Apache2 start, no error log

I also just ran in to a similar problem, that is service apache2 reload fails but prints no useful information. This is because the script in /etc/init.d/apache (on Debian, at least) eats the output of the apache2ctl configtest command it runs to sanitize the Apache config.

An easy solution to get a more meaningful explanation for the failure is to run apache2ctl configtest again yourself, which will print the (hopefully useful) error messages to the console.

Conditional Formatting using Excel VBA code

This will get you to an answer for your simple case, but can you expand on how you'll know which columns will need to be compared (B and C in this case) and what the initial range (A1:D5 in this case) will be? Then I can try to provide a more complete answer.

Sub setCondFormat()
    Range("B3").Select
    With Range("B3:H63")
        .FormatConditions.Add Type:=xlExpression, Formula1:= _
          "=IF($D3="""",FALSE,IF($F3>=$E3,TRUE,FALSE))"
        With .FormatConditions(.FormatConditions.Count)
            .SetFirstPriority
            With .Interior
                .PatternColorIndex = xlAutomatic
                .Color = 5287936
                .TintAndShade = 0
            End With
        End With
    End With
End Sub

Note: this is tested in Excel 2010.

Edit: Updated code based on comments.

Xcode Debugger: view value of variable

You can print values onto console window at run-time. Below are steps :

  1. Place a break-point for which you want to get values
  2. Now perform step-by-step debug.
  3. Place a cursor on variable/delegate whose value is to be checked at run-time.
  4. Now this will show description of variable/delegate
  5. Clicking on "i" will show detailed description
  6. This will also print details onto console window.

Screenshot for printing details on console window

PHP - add 1 day to date format mm-dd-yyyy

Actually I wanted same alike thing, To get one year backward date, for a given date! :-)

With the hint of above answer from @mohammad mohsenipur I got to the following link, via his given link!

Luckily, there is a method same as date_add method, named date_sub method! :-) I do the following to get done what I wanted!

$date = date_create('2000-01-01');
date_sub($date, date_interval_create_from_date_string('1 years'));
echo date_format($date, 'Y-m-d');

Hopes this answer will help somebody too! :-)

Good luck guys!

Change primary key column in SQL Server

Assuming that your current primary key constraint is called pk_history, you can replace the following lines:

ALTER TABLE history ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)

ALTER TABLE history
DROP CONSTRAINT userId
DROP CONSTRAINT name

with these:

ALTER TABLE history DROP CONSTRAINT pk_history

ALTER TABLE history ADD CONSTRAINT pk_history PRIMARY KEY (id)

If you don't know what the name of the PK is, you can find it with the following query:

SELECT * 
  FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS 
 WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'history'

How can I give an imageview click effect like a button on Android?

You can do this with a single image using something like this:

     //get the image view
    ImageView imageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.ImageView);

    //set the ontouch listener
    imageView.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {

        @Override
        public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {

            switch (event.getAction()) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: {
                    ImageView view = (ImageView) v;
                    //overlay is black with transparency of 0x77 (119)
                    view.getDrawable().setColorFilter(0x77000000,PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_ATOP);
                    view.invalidate();
                    break;
                }
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL: {
                    ImageView view = (ImageView) v;
                    //clear the overlay
                    view.getDrawable().clearColorFilter();
                    view.invalidate();
                    break;
                }
            }

            return false;
        }
    });

I will probably be making this into a subclass of ImageView (or ImageButton as it is also a subclass of ImageView) for easier re-usability, but this should allow you to apply a "selected" look to an imageview.

installation app blocked by play protect

the solution lies in creating a new key when generating the signed apk. this worked for me without a fuss.

  1. click on Build
  2. click generate signed Bundle/APK...
  3. choose either Bundle / APK (in my case APK) and click Next
  4. click on create new (make sure you have a keystore path on the machine)
  5. after everything, click finish to generate your signed apk

when you install, the warning will not come.

Node.js: for each … in not working

https://github.com/cscott/jsshaper implements a translator from JavaScript 1.8 to ECMAScript 5.1, which would allow you to use 'for each' in code running on webkit or node.

Compare two Lists for differences

This approach from Microsoft works very well and provides the option to compare one list to another and switch them to get the difference in each. If you are comparing classes simply add your objects to two separate lists and then run the comparison.

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb397894.aspx

Docker: Container keeps on restarting again on again

tl;dr It is restarting with a status code of 127, meaning there is a missing file/library in your container. Starting a fresh container just might fix it.

Explanation:

As far as my understanding of Docker goes, this is what is happening:

  1. Container tries to start up. In the process, it tries to access a file/library which does not exist.
  2. It exits with a status code of 127, which is explained in this answer.
  3. Normally, this is where the container should have completely exited, but it restarts.
  4. It restarts because the restart policy must have been set to something other than no (the default), (using either the command line flag --restart or the docker-compose.yml key restart) while starting the container.

Solution: Something might have corrupted your container. Starting a fresh container should ideally do the job.

Read user input inside a loop

Try to change the loop like this:

for line in $(cat filename); do
    read input
    echo $input;
done

Unit test:

for line in $(cat /etc/passwd); do
    read input
    echo $input;
    echo "[$line]"
done

PHP how to get value from array if key is in a variable

As others stated, it's likely failing because the requested key doesn't exist in the array. I have a helper function here that takes the array, the suspected key, as well as a default return in the event the key does not exist.

    protected function _getArrayValue($array, $key, $default = null)
    {
        if (isset($array[$key])) return $array[$key];
        return $default;
    }

hope it helps.

Filter element based on .data() key/value

Just for the record, you can filter on data with jquery (this question is quite old, and jQuery evolved since then, so it's right to write this solution as well):

$('.navlink[data-selected="true"]');

or, better (for performance):

$('.navlink').filter('[data-selected="true"]');

or, if you want to get all the elements with data-selected set:

$('[data-selected]')

Note that this method will only work with data that was set via html-attributes. If you set or change data with the .data() call, this method will no longer work.

How to call Makefile from another Makefile?

It seems clear that $(TESTS) is empty so your 1.4.0 makefile is effectively

all: 

clean:
  rm -f  gtest.a gtest_main.a *.o

Indeed, all has nothing to do. and clean does exactly what it says rm -f gtest.a ...

cleanup php session files

Debian/Ubuntu handles this with a cronjob defined in /etc/cron.d/php5

# /etc/cron.d/php5: crontab fragment for php5
#  This purges session files older than X, where X is defined in seconds
#  as the largest value of session.gc_maxlifetime from all your php.ini
#  files, or 24 minutes if not defined.  See /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime

# Look for and purge old sessions every 30 minutes
09,39 *     * * *     root   [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -print0 | xargs -r -0 rm

The maxlifetime script simply returns the number of minutes a session should be kept alive by checking php.ini, it looks like this

#!/bin/sh -e

max=1440

for ini in /etc/php5/*/php.ini; do
        cur=$(sed -n -e 's/^[[:space:]]*session.gc_maxlifetime[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*\([0-9]\+\).*$/\1/p' $ini 2>/dev/null || true);
        [ -z "$cur" ] && cur=0
        [ "$cur" -gt "$max" ] && max=$cur
done

echo $(($max/60))

exit 0

cast class into another class or convert class to another

You have already defined the conversion, you just need to take it one step further if you would like to be able to cast. For example:

public class sub1
{
    public int a;
    public int b;
    public int c;

    public static explicit operator maincs(sub1 obj)
    {
        maincs output = new maincs() { a = obj.a, b = obj.b, c = obj.c };
        return output;
    }
}

Which then allows you to do something like

static void Main()
{
    sub1 mySub = new sub1();
    maincs myMain = (maincs)mySub;
}

C# event with custom arguments

I might be late in the game, but how about:

public event Action<MyEvent> EventTriggered = delegate { }; 

private void Trigger(MyEvent e) 
{ 
     EventTriggered(e);
} 

Setting the event to an anonymous delegate avoids for me to check to see if the event isn't null.

I find this comes in handy when using MVVM, like when using ICommand.CanExecute Method.

How to change port number in vue-cli project

An alternative approach with vue-cli version 3 is to add a .env file in the root project directory (along side package.json) with the contents:

PORT=3000

Running npm run serve will now indicate the app is running on port 3000.

How to add buttons like refresh and search in ToolBar in Android?

Try to do this:

getSupportActionBar().setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(false);
getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(false);
getSupportActionBar().setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(false);

and if you made your custom toolbar (which i presume you did) then you can use the simplest way possible to do this:

toolbarTitle = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.toolbar_title);
toolbarSubTitle = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.toolbar_subtitle);
toolbarTitle.setText("Title");
toolbarSubTitle.setText("Subtitle");

Same goes for any other views you put in your toolbar. Hope it helps.

Express.js - app.listen vs server.listen

The second form (creating an HTTP server yourself, instead of having Express create one for you) is useful if you want to reuse the HTTP server, for example to run socket.io within the same HTTP server instance:

var express = require('express');
var app     = express();
var server  = require('http').createServer(app);
var io      = require('socket.io').listen(server);
...
server.listen(1234);

However, app.listen() also returns the HTTP server instance, so with a bit of rewriting you can achieve something similar without creating an HTTP server yourself:

var express   = require('express');
var app       = express();

// app.use/routes/etc...

var server    = app.listen(3033);
var io        = require('socket.io').listen(server);

io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) {
  ...
});

Is the Scala 2.8 collections library a case of "the longest suicide note in history"?

I have an undergraduate degree from a cheap "mass market" US university, so I'd say I fall into the middle of the user intelligence (or at least education) scale :) I've been dabbling with Scala for just a few months and have worked on two or three non-trivial apps.

Especially now that IntelliJ has released their fine IDE with what IMHO is currently the best Scala plugin, Scala development is relatively painless:

  • I find I can use Scala as a "Java without semicolons," i.e. I write similar-looking code to what I'd do in Java, and benefit a little from syntactic brevity such as that gained by type inference. Exception handling, when I do it at all, is more convenient. Class definition is much less verbose without the getter/setter boilerplate.

  • Once in a while I manage to write a single line to accomplish the equivalent of multiple lines of Java. Where applicable, chains of functional methods like map, fold, collect, filter etc. are fun to compose and elegant to behold.

  • Only rarely do I find myself benefitting from Scala's more high-powered features: Closures and partial (or curried) functions, pattern matching... that kinda thing.

As a newbie, I continue to struggle with the terse and idiomatic syntax. Method calls without parameters don't need parentheses except where they do; cases in the match statement need a fat arrow ( => ), but there are also places where you need a thin arrow ( -> ). Many methods have short but rather cryptic names like /: or \: - I can get my stuff done if I flip enough manual pages, but some of my code ends up looking like Perl or line noise. Ironically, one of the most popular bits of syntactic shorthand is missing in action: I keep getting bitten by the fact that Int doesn't define a ++ method.

This is just my opinion: I feel like Scala has the power of C++ combined with the complexity and readability of C++. The syntactic complexity of the language also makes the API documentation hard to read.

Scala is very well thought out and brilliant in many respects. I suspect many an academic would love to program in it. However, it's also full of cleverness and gotchas, it has a much higher learning curve than Java and is harder to read. If I scan the fora and see how many developers are still struggling with the finer points of Java, I cannot conceive of Scala ever becoming a mainstream language. No company will be able to justify sending its developers on a 3 week Scala course when formerly they only needed a 1 week Java course.

Difference between array_map, array_walk and array_filter

From the documentation,

bool array_walk ( array &$array , callback $funcname [, mixed $userdata ] ) <-return bool

array_walk takes an array and a function F and modifies it by replacing every element x with F(x).

array array_map ( callback $callback , array $arr1 [, array $... ] )<-return array

array_map does the exact same thing except that instead of modifying in-place it will return a new array with the transformed elements.

array array_filter ( array $input [, callback $callback ] )<-return array

array_filter with function F, instead of transforming the elements, will remove any elements for which F(x) is not true

How do I detect whether 32-bit Java is installed on x64 Windows, only looking at the filesystem and registry?

just write "java -d64 -version" or d32 and if you have It installed it will give a response with current version installed

Specify an SSH key for git push for a given domain

Configure your repository using git config. For example:

git config --add --local core.sshCommand 'ssh -i ~/.ssh/<<<PATH_TO_SSH_KEY>>>'

How to change Git log date formats

date -d @$(git log -n1 --format="%at") +%Y%m%d%H%M

Note that this will convert to your local timezone, in case that matters for your use case.

Which variable size to use (db, dw, dd) with x86 assembly?

Quick review,

  • DB - Define Byte. 8 bits
  • DW - Define Word. Generally 2 bytes on a typical x86 32-bit system
  • DD - Define double word. Generally 4 bytes on a typical x86 32-bit system

From x86 assembly tutorial,

The pop instruction removes the 4-byte data element from the top of the hardware-supported stack into the specified operand (i.e. register or memory location). It first moves the 4 bytes located at memory location [SP] into the specified register or memory location, and then increments SP by 4.

Your num is 1 byte. Try declaring it with DD so that it becomes 4 bytes and matches with pop semantics.

How can I install a .ipa file to my iPhone simulator

You can't. If it was downloaded via the iTunes store it was built for a different processor and won't work in the simulator.

adding to window.onload event?

There are basically two ways

  1. store the previous value of window.onload so your code can call a previous handler if present before or after your code executes

  2. using the addEventListener approach (that of course Microsoft doesn't like and requires you to use another different name).

The second method will give you a bit more safety if another script wants to use window.onload and does it without thinking to cooperation but the main assumption for Javascript is that all the scripts will cooperate like you are trying to do.

Note that a bad script that is not designed to work with other unknown scripts will be always able to break a page for example by messing with prototypes, by contaminating the global namespace or by damaging the dom.

Factorial in numpy and scipy

enter image description here

after running different aforementioned functions for factorial, by different people, turns out that math.factorial is the fastest to calculate the factorial.

find running times for different functions in the attached image

PHP - auto refreshing page

<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="10" >

This can work. Try it..!! :-)

What is the default text size on Android?

Looks like someone else found it: What are the default font characteristics in Android ?

There someone discovered the default text size, for TextViews (which use TextAppearance.Small) it's 14sp.

String length in bytes in JavaScript

Here is a much faster version, which doesn't use regular expressions, nor encodeURIComponent():

function byteLength(str) {
  // returns the byte length of an utf8 string
  var s = str.length;
  for (var i=str.length-1; i>=0; i--) {
    var code = str.charCodeAt(i);
    if (code > 0x7f && code <= 0x7ff) s++;
    else if (code > 0x7ff && code <= 0xffff) s+=2;
    if (code >= 0xDC00 && code <= 0xDFFF) i--; //trail surrogate
  }
  return s;
}

Here is a performance comparison.

It just computes the length in UTF8 of each unicode codepoints returned by charCodeAt() (based on wikipedia's descriptions of UTF8, and UTF16 surrogate characters).

It follows RFC3629 (where UTF-8 characters are at most 4-bytes long).

mssql '5 (Access is denied.)' error during restoring database

The fix for me was to go into Options when trying to Restore the database and change the path to the new path. Here is the screenshot

How do I link to part of a page? (hash?)

You use an anchor and a hash. For example:

Target of the Link:

 <a name="name_of_target">Content</a>

Link to the Target:

 <a href="#name_of_target">Link Text</a>

Or, if linking from a different page:

 <a href="http://path/to/page/#name_of_target">Link Text</a>

Failed to build gem native extension — Rails install

mkmf is part of the ruby1.9.1-dev package. This package contains the header files needed for extension libraries for Ruby 1.9.1. You need to install the ruby1.9.1-dev package by doing:

sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev

Then you can install Rails as per normal.

Generally it's easier to just do:

sudo apt-get install ruby-dev

php artisan migrate throwing [PDO Exception] Could not find driver - Using Laravel

This worked with me:(for pgsql: use 'pgsql' instead of 'mysql')

Step 1)

sudo apt-get install php-mysql

Step 2)

php artisan config:clear

Step 3)

php artisan config:cache

Step 4)
Then restart your server, and generate key again and migrate it, Its Done

iterrows pandas get next rows value

Firstly, your "messy way" is ok, there's nothing wrong with using indices into the dataframe, and this will not be too slow. iterrows() itself isn't terribly fast.

A version of your first idea that would work would be:

row_iterator = df.iterrows()
_, last = row_iterator.next()  # take first item from row_iterator
for i, row in row_iterator:
    print(row['value'])
    print(last['value'])
    last = row

The second method could do something similar, to save one index into the dataframe:

last = df.irow(0)
for i in range(1, df.shape[0]):
    print(last)
    print(df.irow(i))
    last = df.irow(i)

When speed is critical you can always try both and time the code.

momentJS date string add 5 days

The function add() returns the old date, but changes the original date :)

startdate = "20.03.2014";
var new_date = moment(startdate, "DD.MM.YYYY");
new_date.add(5, 'days');
alert(new_date);

How to run python script on terminal (ubuntu)?

Sorry, Im a newbie myself and I had this issue:

./hello.py: line 1: syntax error near unexpected token "Hello World"' ./hello.py: line 1:print("Hello World")'

I added the file header for the python 'deal' as #!/usr/bin/python

Then simple executed the program with './hello.py'

cancelling a handler.postdelayed process

Here is a class providing a cancel method for a delayed action

public class DelayedAction {

private Handler _handler;
private Runnable _runnable;

/**
 * Constructor
 * @param runnable The runnable
 * @param delay The delay (in milli sec) to wait before running the runnable
 */
public DelayedAction(Runnable runnable, long delay) {
    _handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
    _runnable = runnable;
    _handler.postDelayed(_runnable, delay);
}

/**
 * Cancel a runnable
 */
public void cancel() {
    if ( _handler == null || _runnable == null ) {
        return;
    }
    _handler.removeCallbacks(_runnable);
}}

How do I run a file on localhost?

Localhost is the computer you're using right now. You run things by typing commands at the command prompt and pressing Enter. If you're asking how to run things from your programming environment, then the answer depends on which environment you're using. Most languages have commands with names like system or exec for running external programs. You need to be more specific about what you're actually looking to do, and what obstacles you've encountered while trying to achieve it.

Force an SVN checkout command to overwrite current files

Pull from the repository to a new directory, then rename the old one to old_crufty, and the new one to my_real_webserver_directory, and you're good to go.

If your intention is that every single file is in SVN, then this is a good way to test your theory. If your intention is that some files are not in SVN, then use Brian's copy/paste technique.

How to DROP multiple columns with a single ALTER TABLE statement in SQL Server?

This may be late, but sharing it for the new users visiting this question. To drop multiple columns actual syntax is

alter table tablename drop column col1, drop column col2 , drop column col3 ....

So for every column you need to specify "drop column" in Mysql 5.0.45.

How can I see normal print output created during pytest run?

If you are using PyCharm IDE, then you can run that individual test or all tests using Run toolbar. The Run tool window displays output generated by your application and you can see all the print statements in there as part of test output.

Disable Drag and Drop on HTML elements?

This is a fiddle I always use with my Web applications:

$('body').on('dragstart drop', function(e){
    e.preventDefault();
    return false;
});

It will prevent anything on your app being dragged and dropped. Depending on tour needs, you can replace body selector with any container that childrens should not be dragged.

Fluid width with equally spaced DIVs

If you know the number of elements per "row" and the width of the container you can use a selector to add a margin to the elements you need to cause a justified look.

I had rows of three divs I wanted justified so used the:

.tile:nth-child(3n+2) { margin: 0 10px }

this allows the center div in each row to have a margin that forces the 1st and 3rd div to the outside edges of the container

Also great for other things like borders background colors etc

Write bytes to file

Try this:

private byte[] Hex2Bin(string hex) 
{
 if ((hex == null) || (hex.Length < 1)) {
  return new byte[0];
 }
 int num = hex.Length / 2;
 byte[] buffer = new byte[num];
 num *= 2;
 for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
  int num3 = int.Parse(hex.Substring(i, 2), NumberStyles.HexNumber);
  buffer[i / 2] = (byte) num3;
  i++;
 }
 return buffer;
}

private string Bin2Hex(byte[] binary) 
{
 StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
 foreach(byte num in binary) {
  if (num > 15) {
   builder.AppendFormat("{0:X}", num);
  } else {
   builder.AppendFormat("0{0:X}", num); /////// ?? 15 ???? 0
  }
 }
 return builder.ToString();
}

how do I strip white space when grabbing text with jQuery?

Javascript has built in trim:

str.trim()

It doesn't work in IE8. If you have to support older browsers, use Tuxmentat's or Paul's answer.

How should we manage jdk8 stream for null values

Stuart's answer provides a great explanation, but I'd like to provide another example.

I ran into this issue when attempting to perform a reduce on a Stream containing null values (actually it was LongStream.average(), which is a type of reduction). Since average() returns OptionalDouble, I assumed the Stream could contain nulls but instead a NullPointerException was thrown. This is due to Stuart's explanation of null v. empty.

So, as the OP suggests, I added a filter like so:

list.stream()
    .filter(o -> o != null)
    .reduce(..);

Or as tangens pointed out below, use the predicate provided by the Java API:

list.stream()
    .filter(Objects::nonNull)
    .reduce(..);

From the mailing list discussion Stuart linked: Brian Goetz on nulls in Streams

Node.js – events js 72 throw er unhandled 'error' event

Check your terminal it happen only when you have your application running on another terminal..

The port is already listening..

How to execute Table valued function

A TVF (table-valued function) is supposed to be SELECTed FROM. Try this:

select * from FN('myFunc')

Open CSV file via VBA (performance)

Sometimes all the solutions with Workbooks.open is not working no matter how many parameters are set. For me, the fastest solution was to change the List separator in Region & language settings. Region window / Additional settings... / List separator.

If csv is not opening in proper way You probly have set ',' as a list separator. Just change it to ';' and everything is solved. Just the easiest way when "everything is against You" :P

Automatically creating directories with file output

The os.makedirs function does this. Try the following:

import os
import errno

filename = "/foo/bar/baz.txt"
if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(filename)):
    try:
        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(filename))
    except OSError as exc: # Guard against race condition
        if exc.errno != errno.EEXIST:
            raise

with open(filename, "w") as f:
    f.write("FOOBAR")

The reason to add the try-except block is to handle the case when the directory was created between the os.path.exists and the os.makedirs calls, so that to protect us from race conditions.


In Python 3.2+, there is a more elegant way that avoids the race condition above:

import os

filename = "/foo/bar/baz.txt"
os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(filename), exist_ok=True)
with open(filename, "w") as f:
    f.write("FOOBAR")

Accessing localhost:port from Android emulator

If anybody is still looking for this, this is how it worked for me.

You need to find the IP of your machine with respect to the device/emulator you are connected. For Emulators on of the way is by following below steps;

  1. Go to VM Virtual box -> select connected device in the list.
  2. Select Settings ->Network-> Find out to which network the device is attached. For me it was 'VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter #2'.
  3. In virtualbox go to Files->Preferences->Network->Host-Only Networks, and find out the IPv4 for the network specified in above step. (By Hovering you will get the info)

Provide this IP to access the localhost from emulator. The Port is same as you have provided while running/publishing your services.

Note #1 : Make sure you have taken care of firewalls and inbound rules.

Note #2 : Please check this IP after you restart your machine. For some reason, even If I provided "Use the following IP" The Host-Only IP got changed.

How to rename a single column in a data.frame?

We can use rename_with to rename columns with a function (stringr functions, for example).

Consider the following data df_1:

df_1 <- data.frame(
  x = replicate(n = 3, expr = rnorm(n = 3, mean = 10, sd = 1)), 
  y = sample(x = 1:2, size = 10, replace = TRUE)
)

names(df_1)

#[1] "x.1" "x.2" "x.3" "y" 

Rename all variables with dplyr::everything():

library(tidyverse)

df_1 %>% 
  rename_with(.data = ., .cols = everything(.), 
              .fn = str_replace, pattern = '.*', 
              replacement = str_c('var', seq_along(.), sep = '_')) %>% 
  names()

#[1] "var_1" "var_2" "var_3" "var_4"

Rename by name particle with some dplyr verbs (starts_with, ends_with, contains, matches, ...).

Example with . (x variables):

df_1 %>% 
  rename_with(.data = ., .cols = contains('.'), 
              .fn = str_replace, pattern = '.*', 
              replacement = str_c('var', seq_along(.), sep = '_')) %>% 
  names()

#[1] "var_1" "var_2" "var_3" "y"

Rename by class with many functions of class test, like is.integer, is.numeric, is.factor...

Example with is.integer (y):

df_1 %>% 
  rename_with(.data = ., .cols = is.integer, 
              .fn = str_replace, pattern = '.*', 
              replacement = str_c('var', seq_along(.), sep = '_')) %>% 
  names()

#[1] "x.1"   "x.2"   "x.3"   "var_1"

The warning:

Warning messages: 1: In stri_replace_first_regex(string, pattern, fix_replacement(replacement), : longer object length is not a multiple of shorter object length 2: In names[cols] <- .fn(names[cols], ...) : number of items to replace is not a multiple of replacement length

It is not relevant, as it is just an inconsistency of seq_along(.) with the replace function.

Windows CMD command for accessing usb?

firstly you have to change the drive, which is allocated to your usb.

follow these step to access your pendrive using CMD. 1- type drivename follow by the colon just like k: 2- type dir it will show all the files and directory in your usb 3- now you can access any file or directory of your usb.

find all unchecked checkbox in jquery

As the error message states, jQuery does not include a :unchecked selector.
Instead, you need to invert the :checked selector:

$("input:checkbox:not(:checked)")

Squash the first two commits in Git?

This will squash second commit into the first one:

A-B-C-... -> AB-C-...

git filter-branch --commit-filter '
    if [ "$GIT_COMMIT" = <sha1ofA> ];
    then
        skip_commit "$@";
    else
        git commit-tree "$@";
    fi
' HEAD

Commit message for AB will be taken from B (although I'd prefer from A).

Has the same effect as Uwe Kleine-König's answer, but works for non-initial A as well.

Write a mode method in Java to find the most frequently occurring element in an array

You should use a hashmap for such problems. it will take O(n) time to enter each element into the hashmap and o(1) to retrieve the element. In the given code, I am basically taking a global max and comparing it with the value received on 'get' from the hashmap, each time I am entering an element into it, have a look:

hashmap has two parts, one is the key, the second is the value when you do a get operation on the key, its value is returned.

public static int mode(int []array)
{
    HashMap<Integer,Integer> hm = new HashMap<Integer,Integer>();
    int max  = 1;
    int temp = 0;

    for(int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {

        if (hm.get(array[i]) != null) {

            int count = hm.get(array[i]);
            count++;
            hm.put(array[i], count);

            if(count > max) {
                max  = count;
                temp = array[i];
            }
        }

        else 
            hm.put(array[i],1);
    }
    return temp;
}

XPath contains(text(),'some string') doesn't work when used with node with more than one Text subnode

[contains(text(),'')] only returns true or false. It won't return any element results.

How are booleans formatted in Strings in Python?

To update this for Python-3 you can do this

"{} {}".format(True, False)

However if you want to actually format the string (e.g. add white space), you encounter Python casting the boolean into the underlying C value (i.e. an int), e.g.

>>> "{:<8} {}".format(True, False)
'1        False'

To get around this you can cast True as a string, e.g.

>>> "{:<8} {}".format(str(True), False)
'True     False'

Dart/Flutter : Converting timestamp

I tested this one and it works

// Map from firestore
// Using flutterfire package hence the returned data()
Map<String, dynamic> data = documentSnapshot.data();
DateTime _timestamp = data['timestamp'].toDate();

Test details can be found here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_X8J7uBPNw&feature=youtu.be

formatFloat : convert float number to string

Try this

package main

import "fmt"
import "strconv"

func FloatToString(input_num float64) string {
    // to convert a float number to a string
    return strconv.FormatFloat(input_num, 'f', 6, 64)
}

func main() {
    fmt.Println(FloatToString(21312421.213123))
}

If you just want as many digits precision as possible, then the special precision -1 uses the smallest number of digits necessary such that ParseFloat will return f exactly. Eg

strconv.FormatFloat(input_num, 'f', -1, 64)

Personally I find fmt easier to use. (Playground link)

fmt.Printf("x = %.6f\n", 21312421.213123)

Or if you just want to convert the string

fmt.Sprintf("%.6f", 21312421.213123)

Convert Decimal to Varchar

I think CAST(ROUND(yourColumn,2) as varchar) should do the job.

But why do you want to do this presentational formatting in T-SQL?

How do I set a cookie on HttpClient's HttpRequestMessage

I had a similar problem and for my AspNetCore 3.1 application the other answers to this question were not working. I found that configuring a named HttpClient in my Startup.cs and using header propagation of the Cookie header worked perfectly. It also avoids all the concerns about proper disposition of your handler and client. Note if propagation of the request cookies is not what you need (sorry Op) you can set your own cookies when configuring the client factory.

Configure Services with IServiceCollection

services.AddHttpClient("MyNamedClient").AddHeaderPropagation();
services.AddHeaderPropagation(options =>
{
    options.Headers.Add("Cookie");
});

Configure with IApplicationBuilder

builder.UseHeaderPropagation();
  • Inject the IHttpClientFactory into your controller or middleware.
  • Create your client using var client = clientFactory.CreateClient("MyNamedClient");

When do we need curly braces around shell variables?

You use {} for grouping. The braces are required to dereference array elements. Example:

dir=(*)           # store the contents of the directory into an array
echo "${dir[0]}"  # get the first entry.
echo "$dir[0]"    # incorrect

Inline list initialization in VB.NET

Use this syntax for VB.NET 2005/2008 compatibility:

Dim theVar As New List(Of String)(New String() {"one", "two", "three"})

Although the VB.NET 2010 syntax is prettier.

How to read AppSettings values from a .json file in ASP.NET Core

.NET Core 2.1.0

  1. Create the .json file on the root directory
  2. On your code:
var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
                .SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
                .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true); 
var config = builder.Build();

3. Install the following dependencies:

Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration
Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.json

4. Then, IMPORTANT: Right-click on the appsettings.json file -> click on Properties -> select Copy if newer: enter image description here

  1. Finally, you can do:

    config["key1"]

Considering that my config file will look like this:

{
    "ConnectionStrings": "myconnection string here",
    "key1": "value here"
}

RegEx for valid international mobile phone number

^\+[1-9]{1}[0-9]{7,11}$ 

The Regular Expression ^\+[1-9]{1}[0-9]{7,11}$ fails for "+290 8000" and similar valid numbers that are shorter than 8 digits.

The longest numbers could be something like 3 digit country code, 3 digit area code, 8 digit subscriber number, making 14 digits.

How to change link color (Bootstrap)

You can use .text-reset class to reset the color from default blue to anything you want. Hopefully this is helpful.

Source: https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.5/utilities/text/#reset-color

How do I convert array of Objects into one Object in JavaScript?

Tiny ES6 solution can look like:

_x000D_
_x000D_
var arr = [{key:"11", value:"1100"},{key:"22", value:"2200"}];
var object = arr.reduce(
  (obj, item) => Object.assign(obj, { [item.key]: item.value }), {});

console.log(object)
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

Also, if you use object spread, than it can look like:

var object = arr.reduce((obj, item) => ({...obj, [item.key]: item.value}) ,{});

One more solution that is 99% faster is(tested on jsperf):

var object = arr.reduce((obj, item) => (obj[item.key] = item.value, obj) ,{});

Here we benefit from comma operator, it evaluates all expression before comma and returns a last one(after last comma). So we don't copy obj each time, rather assigning new property to it.

Passing variables through handlebars partial

The accepted answer works great if you just want to use a different context in your partial. However, it doesn't let you reference any of the parent context. To pass in multiple arguments, you need to write your own helper. Here's a working helper for Handlebars 2.0.0 (the other answer works for versions <2.0.0):

Handlebars.registerHelper('renderPartial', function(partialName, options) {
    if (!partialName) {
        console.error('No partial name given.');
        return '';
    }
    var partial = Handlebars.partials[partialName];
    if (!partial) {
        console.error('Couldnt find the compiled partial: ' + partialName);
        return '';
    }
    return new Handlebars.SafeString( partial(options.hash) );
});

Then in your template, you can do something like:

{{renderPartial 'myPartialName' foo=this bar=../bar}}

And in your partial, you'll be able to access those values as context like:

<div id={{bar.id}}>{{foo}}</div>

Specify a Root Path of your HTML directory for script links?

Just start it with a slash? This means root. As long as you're testing on a web server (e.g. localhost) and not a file system (e.g. C:) then that should be all you need to do.

Check for file exists or not in sql server?

Create a function like so:

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_FileExists(@path varchar(512))
RETURNS BIT
AS
BEGIN
     DECLARE @result INT
     EXEC master.dbo.xp_fileexist @path, @result OUTPUT
     RETURN cast(@result as bit)
END;
GO

Edit your table and add a computed column (IsExists BIT). Set the expression to:

dbo.fn_FileExists(filepath)

Then just select:

SELECT * FROM dbo.MyTable where IsExists = 1

Update:

To use the function outside a computed column:

select id, filename, dbo.fn_FileExists(filename) as IsExists
from dbo.MyTable

Update:

If the function returns 0 for a known file, then there is likely a permissions issue. Make sure the SQL Server's account has sufficient permissions to access the folder and files. Read-only should be enough.

And YES, by default, the 'NETWORK SERVICE' account will not have sufficient right into most folders. Right click on the folder in question and select 'Properties', then click on the 'Security' tab. Click 'Edit' and add 'Network Service'. Click 'Apply' and retest.

Seaborn Barplot - Displaying Values

A simple way to do so is to add the below code (for Seaborn):

for p in splot.patches:
    splot.annotate(format(p.get_height(), '.1f'), 
                   (p.get_x() + p.get_width() / 2., p.get_height()), 
                   ha = 'center', va = 'center', 
                   xytext = (0, 9), 
                   textcoords = 'offset points') 

Example :

splot = sns.barplot(df['X'], df['Y'])
# Annotate the bars in plot
for p in splot.patches:
    splot.annotate(format(p.get_height(), '.1f'), 
                   (p.get_x() + p.get_width() / 2., p.get_height()), 
                   ha = 'center', va = 'center', 
                   xytext = (0, 9), 
                   textcoords = 'offset points')    
plt.show()

JavaScript Object Id

Actually, you don't need to modify the object prototype. The following should work to 'obtain' unique ids for any object, efficiently enough.

var __next_objid=1;
function objectId(obj) {
    if (obj==null) return null;
    if (obj.__obj_id==null) obj.__obj_id=__next_objid++;
    return obj.__obj_id;
}

How to solve error: "Clock skew detected"?

I am going to answer my own question.

I added the following lines of code to my Makefile and it fixed the "clock skew" problem:

clean:  
    find . -type f | xargs touch
    rm -rf $(OBJS)

Parsing JSON array with PHP foreach

You maybe wanted to do the following:

foreach($user->data as $mydata)

    {
         echo $mydata->name . "\n";
         foreach($mydata->values as $values)
         {
              echo $values->value . "\n";
         }
    }        

Where does one get the "sys/socket.h" header/source file?

I would like just to add that if you want to use windows socket library you have to :

  • at the beginning : call WSAStartup()

  • at the end : call WSACleanup()

Regards;

What is the string concatenation operator in Oracle?

There's also concat, but it doesn't get used much

select concat('a','b') from dual;

Move_uploaded_file() function is not working

if files are not moving this could be due to several reasons

  • check permissions that upload directory , make sure its permission is at least 0755.
> find * -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 0755 # for directories find *
> -type f -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 0666 # for files
  • make sure upload directory owner & group is not root , in that case your script will not be able to write anything there, so change it to admin or any non-root user.
chown -R admin:admin public_html      # will restore permission to admin  for folder and files within it 
chown  admin:admin public_html      # will restore permission to admin  for folder only will skip files
  • check your tmp directory that its writable or not so open php.ini and check upload_tmp_dir = your temp directory path , make sure its writable.
  • try copy function instead of move_uploaded_file

Using getResources() in non-activity class

You will have to pass a context object to it. Either this if you have a reference to the class in an activty, or getApplicationContext()

public class MyActivity extends Activity {
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        RegularClass regularClass = new RegularClass(this);
    }
}

Then you can use it in the constructor (or set it to an instance variable):

public class RegularClass(){
    private Context context;

    public RegularClass(Context current){
        this.context = current;
    }

    public findResource(){
        context.getResources().getXml(R.xml.samplexml);
    }
}

Where the constructor accepts Context as a parameter

How to hide command output in Bash

You can redirect stdout to /dev/null.

yum install nano > /dev/null

Or you can redirect both stdout and stderr,

yum install nano &> /dev/null.

But if the program has a quiet option, that's even better.

Print a string as hex bytes?

Print a string as hex bytes?

The accepted answer gives:

s = "Hello world !!"
":".join("{:02x}".format(ord(c)) for c in s)

returns:

'48:65:6c:6c:6f:20:77:6f:72:6c:64:20:21:21'

The accepted answer works only so long as you use bytes (mostly ascii characters). But if you use unicode, e.g.:

a_string = u"?????? ???!!" # "Prevyet mir", or "Hello World" in Russian.

You need to convert to bytes somehow.

If your terminal doesn't accept these characters, you can decode from UTF-8 or use the names (so you can paste and run the code along with me):

a_string = (
    "\N{CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER PE}"
    "\N{CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ER}"
    "\N{CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I}"
    "\N{CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER VE}"
    "\N{CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IE}"
    "\N{CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TE}"
    "\N{SPACE}"
    "\N{CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EM}"
    "\N{CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I}"
    "\N{CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ER}"
    "\N{EXCLAMATION MARK}"
    "\N{EXCLAMATION MARK}"
)

So we see that:

":".join("{:02x}".format(ord(c)) for c in a_string)

returns

'41f:440:438:432:435:442:20:43c:438:440:21:21'

a poor/unexpected result - these are the code points that combine to make the graphemes we see in Unicode, from the Unicode Consortium - representing languages all over the world. This is not how we actually store this information so it can be interpreted by other sources, though.

To allow another source to use this data, we would usually need to convert to UTF-8 encoding, for example, to save this string in bytes to disk or to publish to html. So we need that encoding to convert the code points to the code units of UTF-8 - in Python 3, ord is not needed because bytes are iterables of integers:

>>> ":".join("{:02x}".format(c) for c in a_string.encode('utf-8'))
'd0:9f:d1:80:d0:b8:d0:b2:d0:b5:d1:82:20:d0:bc:d0:b8:d1:80:21:21'

Or perhaps more elegantly, using the new f-strings (only available in Python 3):

>>> ":".join(f'{c:02x}' for c in a_string.encode('utf-8'))
'd0:9f:d1:80:d0:b8:d0:b2:d0:b5:d1:82:20:d0:bc:d0:b8:d1:80:21:21'

In Python 2, pass c to ord first, i.e. ord(c) - more examples:

>>> ":".join("{:02x}".format(ord(c)) for c in a_string.encode('utf-8'))
'd0:9f:d1:80:d0:b8:d0:b2:d0:b5:d1:82:20:d0:bc:d0:b8:d1:80:21:21'
>>> ":".join(format(ord(c), '02x') for c in a_string.encode('utf-8'))
'd0:9f:d1:80:d0:b8:d0:b2:d0:b5:d1:82:20:d0:bc:d0:b8:d1:80:21:21'

Merging two arrays in .NET

Personally, I prefer my own Language Extensions, which I add or remove at will for rapid prototyping.

Following is an example for strings.

//resides in IEnumerableStringExtensions.cs
public static class IEnumerableStringExtensions
{
   public static IEnumerable<string> Append(this string[] arrayInitial, string[] arrayToAppend)
   {
       string[] ret = new string[arrayInitial.Length + arrayToAppend.Length];
       arrayInitial.CopyTo(ret, 0);
       arrayToAppend.CopyTo(ret, arrayInitial.Length);

       return ret;
   }
}

It is much faster than LINQ and Concat. Faster still, is using a custom IEnumerable Type-wrapper which stores references/pointers of passed arrays and allows looping over the entire collection as if it were a normal array. (Useful in HPC, Graphics Processing, Graphics render...)

Your Code:

var someStringArray = new[]{"a", "b", "c"};
var someStringArray2 = new[]{"d", "e", "f"};
someStringArray.Append(someStringArray2 ); //contains a,b,c,d,e,f

For the entire code and a generics version see: https://gist.github.com/lsauer/7919764

Note: This returns an unextended IEnumerable object. To return an extended object is a bit slower.

I compiled such extensions since 2002, with a lot of credits going to helpful people on CodeProject and 'Stackoverflow'. I will release these shortly and put the link up here.

Data access object (DAO) in Java

Data Access Object Pattern or DAO pattern is used to separate low level data accessing API or operations from high level business services. Following are the participants in Data Access Object Pattern.

Data Access Object Interface - This interface defines the standard operations to be performed on a model object(s).

Data Access Object concrete class -This class implements above interface. This class is responsible to get data from a datasource which can be database / xml or any other storage mechanism.

Model Object or Value Object - This object is simple POJO containing get/set methods to store data retrieved using DAO class.

Sample code here..

How do you split a list into evenly sized chunks?

No magic, but simple and correct:

def chunks(iterable, n):
    """Yield successive n-sized chunks from iterable."""
    values = []
    for i, item in enumerate(iterable, 1):
        values.append(item)
        if i % n == 0:
            yield values
            values = []
    if values:
        yield values

How to get a enum value from string in C#?

Alternate solution can be:

baseKey hKeyLocalMachine = baseKey.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE;
uint value = (uint)hKeyLocalMachine;

Or just:

uint value = (uint)baseKey.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE;

How to get text and a variable in a messagebox

I wanto to display the count of rows in the excel sheet after the filter option has been applied.

So I declared the count of last rows as a variable that can be added to the Msgbox

Sub lastrowcall()
Dim hm As Worksheet
Dim dm As Worksheet
Set dm = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets("datecopy")
Set hm = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets("Home")
Dim lngStart As String, lngEnd As String
lngStart = hm.Range("E23").Value
lngEnd = hm.Range("E25").Value
Dim last_row As String
last_row = dm.Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Row

MsgBox ("Number of test results between the selected dates " + lngStart + " 
and " + lngEnd + " are " + last_row + ". Please Select Yes to continue 
Analysis")


End Sub

How do I set a background-color for the width of text, not the width of the entire element, using CSS?

Try removing the text-alignment center and center the <h1> or <div> the text resides in.

h1 {
    background-color:green;
    margin: 0 auto;
    width: 200px;
}

How to make a Qt Widget grow with the window size?

In Designer, activate the centralWidget and assign a layout, e.g. horizontal or vertical layout. Then your QFormLayout will automatically resize.

Image of Designer

Always make sure, that all widgets have a layout! Otherwise, automatic resizing will break with that widget!

See also

Controls insist on being too large, and won't resize, in QtDesigner

How do I enable php to work with postgresql?

  • SO: Windows/Linux
  • HTTP Web Server: Apache
  • Programming language: PHP

Enable PHP to work with PostgreSQL in Apache

In Apache I edit the following configuration file: C:\xampp\php.ini

I make sure to have the following lines uncommented:

extension=php_pgsql.dll 
extension=php_pdo_pgsql.dll

Finally restart Apache before attempting a new connection to the database engine.


Also, I leave my code that ensures that the connection is unique:

private static $pdo = null;

public static function provideDataBaseInstance() {
    if (self::$pdo == null) {
        $dsn = "pgsql:host=" . HOST .
               ";port=5432;dbname=" . DATABASE .
               ";user=" . POSTGRESQL_USER .
               ";password=" . POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD;
        try {
            self::$pdo = new PDO($dsn);
        } catch (PDOException $exception) {
            $msg = $exception->getMessage();
            echo $msg . 
                 ". Do not forget to enable in the web server the database 
                  manager for php and in the database instance authorize the 
                  ip of the server instance if they not in the same 
                  instance.";
        }
    }
    return self::$pdo;
}

GL

"unable to locate adb" using Android Studio

I fixed this issue by deleting and inserting new platform-tools folder inside android sdk folder. But it is caused by my Avast anti virus software. Where I can found my adb.exe in Avast chest. You can also solve by restoring it from Avast chest.

How to write :hover condition for a:before and a:after?

BoltClock's answer is correct. The only thing I want to append is that if you want to only select the pseudo element, put in a span.

For example:

<li><span data-icon='u'></span> List Element </li>

instead of:

<li> data-icon='u' List Element</li>

This way you can simply say

ul [data-icon]:hover::before {color: #f7f7f7;}

which will only highlight the pseudo element, not the entire li element

How to maintain page scroll position after a jquery event is carried out?

You can save the current scroll amount and then set it later:

var tempScrollTop = $(window).scrollTop();

..//Your code

$(window).scrollTop(tempScrollTop);

Cross browser method to fit a child div to its parent's width

If you put position:relative; on the outer element, the inner element will place itself according to this one. Then a width:auto; on the inner element will be the same as the width of the outer.

How can I use querySelector on to pick an input element by name?

These examples seem a bit inefficient. Try this if you want to act upon the value:

<input id="cta" type="email" placeholder="Enter Email...">
<button onclick="return joinMailingList()">Join</button>

<script>
    const joinMailingList = () => {
        const email = document.querySelector('#cta').value
        console.log(email)
    }
</script>

You will encounter issue if you use this keyword with fat arrow (=>). If you need to do that, go old school:

<script>
    function joinMailingList() {
        const email = document.querySelector('#cta').value
        console.log(email)
    }
</script>

If you are working with password inputs, you should use type="password" so it will display ****** while the user is typing, and it is also more semantic.

Where Is Machine.Config?

In your asp.net app use this

using System.Configuration;
Response.Write(ConfigurationManager.OpenMachineConfiguration().FilePath);

How to clear/delete the contents of a Tkinter Text widget?

I checked on my side by just adding '1.0' and it start working

tex.delete('1.0', END)

you can also try this

How to prevent vim from creating (and leaving) temporary files?

I made a plugin called "noswapsuck" that only enables the swapfile when the buffer contains unsaved changes. Once changes have been saved, the swapfile is cleared. Hence, swapfiles which contain the same content as the file on disk will be removed.

Get it here: noswapsuck.vim

It has been working well for me, but I have never publicised it before, so I would welcome feedback.

Advantages:

  • The only swapfiles that remain on your disk will be important swapfiles that actually differ from the file!

Disadvantages:

  • If the buffer has a swapfile, it will not be detected when the file is first opened. It will only be detected when swapfile is enabled, which is when you start to edit the buffer. That is annoyingly late, and will interrupt you. (Solved: We now check for a pre-existing swapfile when a buffer is opened, by temporarily turning the swapfile option on again.)

  • If you are working in an environment where you want to minimise disk-writes (e.g. low power, or files mounted over a network, or editing a huge file) then it is not ideal to keep removing and re-creating the swap file on every save and edit. In such situations, you can do:

    :let g:NoSwapSuck_CloseSwapfileOnWrite = 0
    

    which will keep the swapfile after a write, but will still remove it when the buffer loses focus.

By the way, I have another little plugin :DiffAgainstFileOnDisk which can be pretty useful after hitting (r)ecover, to check if the buffer you recovered is newer or older than the existing file, or identical to it.

Play a Sound with Python

Definitely use Pyglet for this. It's kind of a large package, but it is pure python with no extension modules. That will definitely be the easiest for deployment. It's also got great format and codec support.

import pyglet

music = pyglet.resource.media('music.mp3')
music.play()

pyglet.app.run()

How can I find an element by CSS class with XPath?

This selector should work but will be more efficient if you replace it with your suited markup:

//*[contains(@class, 'Test')]

Or, since we know the sought element is a div:

//div[contains(@class, 'Test')]

But since this will also match cases like class="Testvalue" or class="newTest", @Tomalak's version provided in the comments is better:

//div[contains(concat(' ', @class, ' '), ' Test ')]

If you wished to be really certain that it will match correctly, you could also use the normalize-space function to clean up stray whitespace characters around the class name (as mentioned by @Terry):

//div[contains(concat(' ', normalize-space(@class), ' '), ' Test ')]

Note that in all these versions, the * should best be replaced by whatever element name you actually wish to match, unless you wish to search each and every element in the document for the given condition.

Programmatically getting the MAC of an Android device

Getting the MAC address through WifiInfo.getMacAddress() won't work on Marshmallow and above, it has been disabled and will return the constant value of 02:00:00:00:00:00.

Java - ignore exception and continue

You are actually ignoring exception in your code. But I suggest you to reconsider.

Here is a quote from Coding Crimes: Ignoring Exceptions

For a start, the exception should be logged at the very least, not just written out to the console. Also, in most cases, the exception should be thrown back to the caller for them to deal with. If it doesn't need to be thrown back to the caller, then the exception should be handled. And some comments would be nice too.

The usual excuse for this type of code is "I didn't have time", but there is a ripple effect when code is left in this state. Chances are that most of this type of code will never get out in the final production. Code reviews or static analysis tools should catch this error pattern. But that's no excuse, all this does is add time to the maintainance and debugging of the software.

Even if you are ignoring it I suggest you to use specific exception names instead of superclass name. ie., Use NullPointerException instead of Exception in your catch clause.

How do you add a Dictionary of items into another Dictionary

You can use the bridgeToObjectiveC() function to make the dictionary a NSDictionary.

Will be like the following:

var dict1 = ["a":"Foo"]
var dict2 = ["b":"Boo"]

var combinedDict = dict1.bridgeToObjectiveC()
var mutiDict1 : NSMutableDictionary! = combinedDict.mutableCopy() as NSMutableDictionary

var combineDict2 = dict2.bridgeToObjectiveC()

var combine = mutiDict1.addEntriesFromDictionary(combineDict2)

Then you can convert the NSDictionary(combine) back or do whatever.

How to install latest version of git on CentOS 7.x/6.x

Rackspace maintains the ius repository, which contains a reasonably up-to-date git, but the stock git has to first be removed.

CentOS 6 or 7 instructions (run as root or with sudo):

# retrieve and check CENTOS_MAIN_VERSION (6 or 7):
CENTOS_MAIN_VERSION=$(cat /etc/centos-release | awk -F 'release[ ]*' '{print $2}' | awk -F '.' '{print $1}')
echo $CENTOS_MAIN_VERSION
# output should be "6" or "7"

# Install IUS Repo and Epel-Release:
yum install -y https://repo.ius.io/ius-release-el${CENTOS_MAIN_VERSION}.rpm
yum install -y epel-release 

# re-install git:
yum erase -y git*
yum install -y git-core

# check version:
git --version
# output: git version 2.24.3

Note: git-all instead of git-core often installs an old version. Try e.g. git224-all instead.

The script is tested on a CentOS 7 docker image (7e6257c9f8d8) and on a CentOS 6 docker image (d0957ffdf8a2).

How to assign a NULL value to a pointer in python?

left = None

left is None #evaluates to True

IIS7 Cache-Control

Complementing Elmer's answer, as my edit was rolled back.

To cache static content for 365 days with public cache-control header, IIS can be configured with the following

<staticContent>
    <clientCache cacheControlCustom="public" cacheControlMode="UseMaxAge" cacheControlMaxAge="365.00:00:00" />
</staticContent>

This will translate into a header like this:

Cache-Control: public,max-age=31536000

Note that max-age is a delta in seconds, being expressed by a positive 32bit integer as stated in RFC 2616 Sections 14.9.3 and 14.9.4. This represents a maximum value of 2^31 or 2,147,483,648 seconds (over 68 years). However, to better ensure compatibility between clients and servers, we adopt a recommended maximum of 365 days (one year).

As mentioned on other answers, you can use these directives also on the web.config of your site for all static content. As an alternative, you can use it only for contents in a specific location too (on the sample, 30 days public cache for contents in "cdn" folder):

<location path="cdn">
   <system.webServer>
        <staticContent>
             <clientCache cacheControlCustom="public" cacheControlMode="UseMaxAge" cacheControlMaxAge="30.00:00:00"/>
        </staticContent>
   </system.webServer>
</location>

How to get htaccess to work on MAMP

The problem I was having with the rewrite is that some .htaccess files for Codeigniter, etc come with

RewriteBase /

Which doesn't seem to work in MAMP...at least for me.

How can I implement prepend and append with regular JavaScript?

var insertedElement = parentElement.insertBefore(newElement, referenceElement);

If referenceElement is null, or undefined, newElement is inserted at the end of the list of child nodes.

insertedElement The node being inserted, that is newElement
parentElement The parent of the newly inserted node.
newElement The node to insert.
referenceElement The node before which newElement is inserted.

Examples can be found here: Node.insertBefore

create table with sequence.nextval in oracle

Oracle 12c

We now finally have IDENTITY columns like many other databases, in case of which a sequence is auto-generated behind the scenes. This solution is much faster than a trigger-based one as can be seen in this blog post.

So, your table creation would look like this:

CREATE TABLE qname
(
    qname_id integer GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY (START WITH 1) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    qname    VARCHAR2(4000) NOT NULL -- CONSTRAINT qname_uk UNIQUE
);

Oracle 11g and below

According to the documentation, you cannot do that:

Restriction on Default Column Values A DEFAULT expression cannot contain references to PL/SQL functions or to other columns, the pseudocolumns CURRVAL, NEXTVAL, LEVEL, PRIOR, and ROWNUM, or date constants that are not fully specified.

The standard way to have "auto increment" columns in Oracle is to use triggers, e.g.

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER my_trigger
  BEFORE INSERT 
  ON qname
  FOR EACH ROW
  -- Optionally restrict this trigger to fire only when really needed
  WHEN (new.qname_id is null)
DECLARE
  v_id qname.qname_id%TYPE;
BEGIN
  -- Select a new value from the sequence into a local variable. As David
  -- commented, this step is optional. You can directly select into :new.qname_id
  SELECT qname_id_seq.nextval INTO v_id FROM DUAL;

  -- :new references the record that you are about to insert into qname. Hence,
  -- you can overwrite the value of :new.qname_id (qname.qname_id) with the value
  -- obtained from your sequence, before inserting
  :new.qname_id := v_id;
END my_trigger;

Read more about Oracle TRIGGERs in the documentation

Find and replace strings in vim on multiple lines

You can do it with two find/replace sequences

  :6,10s/<search_string>/<replace_string>/g
  :14,18s/<search_string>/<replace_string>/g

The second time all you need to adjust is the range so instead of typing it all out, I would recall the last command and edit just the range

Position one element relative to another in CSS

I would suggest using absolute positioning within the element.

I've created this to help you visualize it a bit.

_x000D_
_x000D_
#parent {_x000D_
    width:400px;_x000D_
    height:400px;_x000D_
    background-color:white;_x000D_
    border:2px solid blue;_x000D_
    position:relative;_x000D_
}_x000D_
#div1 {position:absolute;bottom:0;right:0;background:green;width:100px;height:100px;}_x000D_
#div2 {width:100px;height:100px;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;background:red;}_x000D_
#div3 {width:100px;height:100px;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;background:yellow;}_x000D_
#div4 {width:100px;height:100px;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;background:gray;}
_x000D_
<div id="parent">_x000D_
<div id="div1"></div>_x000D_
<div id="div2"></div>_x000D_
<div id="div3"></div>_x000D_
<div id="div4"></div>_x000D_
_x000D_
</div>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

http://jsfiddle.net/wUrdM/

How do I set bold and italic on UILabel of iPhone/iPad?

@Edinator have a look on this..

myLabel.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:16.0f]
myLabel.font = [UIFont italicSystemFontOfSize:16.0f];

use any one of the above at a time you want

With ' N ' no of nodes, how many different Binary and Binary Search Trees possible?

The number of possible binary search tree with n nodes (elements,items) is

=(2n C n) / (n+1) = ( factorial (2n) / factorial (n) * factorial (2n - n) ) / ( n + 1 ) 

where 'n' is number of nodes  (elements,items ) 

Example :

for 
n=1 BST=1,
n=2 BST 2,
n=3 BST=5,
n=4 BST=14 etc

javascript remove "disabled" attribute from html input

Set the element's disabled property to false:

document.getElementById('my-input-id').disabled = false;

If you're using jQuery, the equivalent would be:

$('#my-input-id').prop('disabled', false);

For several input fields, you may access them by class instead:

var inputs = document.getElementsByClassName('my-input-class');
for(var i = 0; i < inputs.length; i++) {
    inputs[i].disabled = false;
}

Where document could be replaced with a form, for instance, to find only the elements inside that form. You could also use getElementsByTagName('input') to get all input elements. In your for iteration, you'd then have to check that inputs[i].type == 'text'.

Sum function in VBA

Function is not a property/method from range.

If you want to sum values then use the following:

Range("A1").Value = Application.Sum(Range(Cells(2, 1), Cells(3, 2)))

EDIT:

if you want the formula then use as follows:

Range("A1").Formula = "=SUM(" & Range(Cells(2, 1), Cells(3, 2)).Address(False, False) & ")"

'The two false after Adress is to define the address as relative (A2:B3).
'If you omit the parenthesis clause or write True instead, you can set the address
'as absolute ($A$2:$B$3).

In case you are allways going to use the same range address then you can use as Rory sugested:

Range("A1").Formula ="=Sum(A2:B3)"

How to turn NaN from parseInt into 0 for an empty string?

Here is a tryParseInt method that I am using, this takes the default value as second parameter so it can be anything you require.

function tryParseInt(str, defaultValue) {
    return parseInt(str) == str ? parseInt(str) : defaultValue;
}

tryParseInt("", 0);//0 
tryParseInt("string", 0);//0 
tryParseInt("558", 0);//558

Div 100% height works on Firefox but not in IE

I think "works fine in Firefox" is in the Quirks mode rendering only. In the Standard mode rendering, that might not work fine in Firefox too.

percentage depends on "containing block", instead of viewport.

CSS Specification says

The percentage is calculated with respect to the height of the generated box's containing block. If the height of the containing block is not specified explicitly (i.e., it depends on content height), and this element is not absolutely positioned, the value computes to 'auto'.

so

#container { height: auto; }
#container #mainContentsWrapper { height: n%; }
#container #sidebarWrapper { height: n%; }

means

#container { height: auto; }
#container #mainContentsWrapper { height: auto; }
#container #sidebarWrapper { height: auto; }

To stretch to 100% height of viewport, you need to specify the height of the containing block (in this case, it's #container). Moreover, you also need to specify the height to body and html, because initial Containing Block is "UA-dependent".

All you need is...

html, body { height:100%; }
#container { height:100%; }

How to run python script with elevated privilege on windows

in comments to the answer you took the code from someone says ShellExecuteEx doesn't post its STDOUT back to the originating shell. so you will not see "I am root now", even though the code is probably working fine.

instead of printing something, try writing to a file:

import os
import sys
import win32com.shell.shell as shell
ASADMIN = 'asadmin'

if sys.argv[-1] != ASADMIN:
    script = os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])
    params = ' '.join([script] + sys.argv[1:] + [ASADMIN])
    shell.ShellExecuteEx(lpVerb='runas', lpFile=sys.executable, lpParameters=params)
    sys.exit(0)
with open("somefilename.txt", "w") as out:
    print >> out, "i am root"

and then look in the file.

How to import keras from tf.keras in Tensorflow?

Use the keras module from tensorflow like this:

import tensorflow as tf

Import classes

from tensorflow.python.keras.layers import Input, Dense

or use directly

dense = tf.keras.layers.Dense(...)

EDIT Tensorflow 2

from tensorflow.keras.layers import Input, Dense

and the rest stays the same.

How to open SharePoint files in Chrome/Firefox

Installing the Chrome extension IE Tab did the job for me.

It has the ability to auto-detect URLs so whenever I browse to our SharePoint it emulates Internet Explorer. Finally I can open Office documents directly from Chrome.

You can install IETab for FireFox too.

How to programmatically tell if a Bluetooth device is connected?

I was really looking for a way to fetch the connection status of a device, not listen to connection events. Here's what worked for me:

BluetoothManager bm = (BluetoothManager) context.getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
List<BluetoothDevice> devices = bm.getConnectedDevices(BluetoothGatt.GATT);
int status = -1;

for (BluetoothDevice device : devices) {
  status = bm.getConnectionState(device, BLuetoothGatt.GATT);
  // compare status to:
  //   BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED
  //   BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTING
  //   BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED
  //   BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTING
}

Python script to convert from UTF-8 to ASCII

data="UTF-8 DATA"
udata=data.decode("utf-8")
asciidata=udata.encode("ascii","ignore")

How can I add a vertical scrollbar to my div automatically?

I got an amazing scroller on my div-popup. To apply, add this style to your div element:

overflow-y: scroll;
height: XXXpx;

The height you specify will be the height of the div and once if you have contents to exceed this height, you have to scroll it.

Thank you.

How do you get total amount of RAM the computer has?

you can simply use this code to get those information, just add the reference

using Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices;

and the simply use the following code

    private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        getAvailableRAM();
    }

    public void getAvailableRAM()
    {
        ComputerInfo CI = new ComputerInfo();
        ulong mem = ulong.Parse(CI.TotalPhysicalMemory.ToString());
        richTextBox1.Text = (mem / (1024*1024) + " MB").ToString();
    }

How do I get the position selected in a RecyclerView?

1. Create class Name RecyclerTouchListener.java

import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.GestureDetector;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;

public class RecyclerTouchListener implements RecyclerView.OnItemTouchListener 
{

private GestureDetector gestureDetector;
private ClickListener clickListener;

public RecyclerTouchListener(Context context, final RecyclerView recyclerView, final ClickListener clickListener) {
    this.clickListener = clickListener;
    gestureDetector = new GestureDetector(context, new GestureDetector.SimpleOnGestureListener() {
        @Override
        public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {
            View child = recyclerView.findChildViewUnder(e.getX(), e.getY());
            if (child != null && clickListener != null) {
                clickListener.onLongClick(child, recyclerView.getChildAdapterPosition(child));
            }
        }
    });
}

@Override
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(RecyclerView rv, MotionEvent e) {

    View child = rv.findChildViewUnder(e.getX(), e.getY());
    if (child != null && clickListener != null && gestureDetector.onTouchEvent(e)) {
        clickListener.onClick(child, rv.getChildAdapterPosition(child));
    }
    return false;
}

@Override
public void onTouchEvent(RecyclerView rv, MotionEvent e) {
}

@Override
public void onRequestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean disallowIntercept) {

}

public interface ClickListener {
    void onClick(View view, int position);

    void onLongClick(View view, int position);
}
}

2. Call RecyclerTouchListener

recycleView.addOnItemTouchListener(new RecyclerTouchListener(this, recycleView, 
new RecyclerTouchListener.ClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View view, int position) {
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,Integer.toString(position),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onLongClick(View view, int position) {

    }
}));

How to create a localhost server to run an AngularJS project

"Assuming that you have nodejs installed",

mini-http is a pretty easy command-line tool to create http server,
install the package globally npm install mini-http -g
then using your cmd (terminal) run mini-http -p=3000 in your project directory And boom! you created a server on port 3000 now go check http://localhost:3000

Note: specifying a port is not required you can simply run mini-http or mh to start the server

Stopping a CSS3 Animation on last frame

Nobody actualy brought it so, the way it was made to work is animation-play-state set to paused.

How do I download a file using VBA (without Internet Explorer)

A modified version of above solution to make it more dynamic.

Private Declare Function URLDownloadToFile Lib "urlmon" Alias "URLDownloadToFileA" (ByVal pCaller As Long, ByVal szURL As String, ByVal szFileName As String, ByVal dwReserved As Long, ByVal lpfnCB As Long) As Long

Public Function DownloadFileA(ByVal URL As String, ByVal DownloadPath As String) As Boolean
    On Error GoTo Failed
    DownloadFileA = False
    'As directory must exist, this is a check
    If CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").FolderExists(CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetParentFolderName(DownloadPath)) = False Then Exit Function
    Dim returnValue As Long
    returnValue = URLDownloadToFile(0, URL, DownloadPath, 0, 0)
    'If return value is 0 and the file exist, then it is considered as downloaded correctly
    DownloadFileA = (returnValue = 0) And (Len(Dir(DownloadPath)) > 0)
    Exit Function

Failed:
End Function

How do I check if PHP is connected to a database already?

Baron Schwartz blogs that due to race conditions, this 'check before write' is a bad practice. He advocates a try/catch pattern with a reconnect in the catch. Here is the pseudo code he recommends:

function query_database(connection, sql, retries=1)
   while true
      try
         result=connection.execute(sql)
         return result
      catch InactiveConnectionException e
         if retries > 0 then
            retries = retries - 1
            connection.reconnect()
         else
            throw e
         end
      end
   end
end

Here is his full blog: https://www.percona.com/blog/2010/05/05/checking-for-a-live-database-connection-considered-harmful/

Notification Icon with the new Firebase Cloud Messaging system

There is also one ugly but working way. Decompile FirebaseMessagingService.class and modify it's behavior. Then just put the class to the right package in yout app and dex use it instead of the class in the messaging lib itself. It is quite easy and working.

There is method:

private void zzo(Intent intent) {
    Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
    bundle.remove("android.support.content.wakelockid");
    if (zza.zzac(bundle)) {  // true if msg is notification sent from FirebaseConsole
        if (!zza.zzdc((Context)this)) { // true if app is on foreground
            zza.zzer((Context)this).zzas(bundle); // create notification
            return;
        }
        // parse notification data to allow use it in onMessageReceived whe app is on foreground
        if (FirebaseMessagingService.zzav(bundle)) {
            zzb.zzo((Context)this, intent);
        }
    }
    this.onMessageReceived(new RemoteMessage(bundle));
}

This code is from version 9.4.0, method will have different names in different version because of obfuscation.

Instagram API to fetch pictures with specific hashtags

Take a look here in order to get started: http://instagram.com/developer/

and then in order to retrieve pictures by tag, look here: http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/tags/

Getting tags from Instagram doesn't require OAuth, so you can make the calls via these URLs:

GET IMAGES https://api.instagram.com/v1/tags/{tag-name}/media/recent?access_token={TOKEN}

SEARCH https://api.instagram.com/v1/tags/search?q={tag-query}&access_token={TOKEN}

TAG INFO https://api.instagram.com/v1/tags/{tag-name}?access_token={TOKEN}

Create a table without a header in Markdown

$ cat foo.md
Key 1 | Value 1
Key 2 | Value 2
$ kramdown foo.md
<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Key 1</td>
      <td>Value 1</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Key 2</td>
      <td>Value 2</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

How to convert a single char into an int

#include<iostream>
#include<stdlib>
using namespace std;

void main()
{
     char ch;
     int x;
     cin >> ch;
     x = char (ar[1]);
     cout << x;
}

Tokenizing strings in C

Do it like this:

char s[256];
strcpy(s, "one two three");
char* token = strtok(s, " ");
while (token) {
    printf("token: %s\n", token);
    token = strtok(NULL, " ");
}

Note: strtok modifies the string its tokenising, so it cannot be a const char*.

Rails 3 execute custom sql query without a model

Maybe try this:

ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(...)
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute(...)

Can you do a partial checkout with Subversion?

Sort of. As Bobby says:

svn co file:///.../trunk/foo file:///.../trunk/bar file:///.../trunk/hum

will get the folders, but you will get separate folders from a subversion perspective. You will have to go separate commits and updates on each subfolder.

I don't believe you can checkout a partial tree and then work with the partial tree as a single entity.

powershell is missing the terminator: "

Look closely at the two dashes in

unzipRelease –Src '$ReleaseFile' -Dst '$Destination'

This first one is not a normal dash but an en-dash (&ndash; in HTML). Replace that with the dash found before Dst.

Best way to create an empty map in Java

1) If the Map can be immutable:

Collections.emptyMap()

// or, in some cases:
Collections.<String, String>emptyMap()

You'll have to use the latter sometimes when the compiler cannot automatically figure out what kind of Map is needed (this is called type inference). For example, consider a method declared like this:

public void foobar(Map<String, String> map){ ... }

When passing the empty Map directly to it, you have to be explicit about the type:

foobar(Collections.emptyMap());                 // doesn't compile
foobar(Collections.<String, String>emptyMap()); // works fine

2) If you need to be able to modify the Map, then for example:

new HashMap<String, String>()

(as tehblanx pointed out)


Addendum: If your project uses Guava, you have the following alternatives:

1) Immutable map:

ImmutableMap.of()
// or:
ImmutableMap.<String, String>of()

Granted, no big benefits here compared to Collections.emptyMap(). From the Javadoc:

This map behaves and performs comparably to Collections.emptyMap(), and is preferable mainly for consistency and maintainability of your code.

2) Map that you can modify:

Maps.newHashMap()
// or:
Maps.<String, String>newHashMap()

Maps contains similar factory methods for instantiating other types of maps as well, such as TreeMap or LinkedHashMap.


Update (2018): On Java 9 or newer, the shortest code for creating an immutable empty map is:

Map.of()

...using the new convenience factory methods from JEP 269.

How can I use the python HTMLParser library to extract data from a specific div tag?

This works perfectly:

print (soup.find('the tag').text)

How do I unlock a SQLite database?

I was receiving sqlite locks as well in a C# .NET 4.6.1 app I built when it was trying to write data, but not when running the app in Visual Studio on my dev machine. Instead it was only happening when the app was installed and running on a remote Windows 10 machine.

Initially I thought it was file system permissions, however it turns out that the System.Data.SQLite package drivers (v1.0.109.2) I installed in the project using Nuget were causing the problem. I removed the NuGet package, and manually referenced an older version of the drivers in the project, and once the app was reinstalled on the remote machine the locking issues magically disappeared. Can only think there was a bug with the latest drivers or the Nuget package.

How to use Angular4 to set focus by element id

This helped to me (in ionic, but idea is the same) https://mhartington.io/post/setting-input-focus/

in template:

<ion-item>
      <ion-label>Home</ion-label>
      <ion-input #input type="text"></ion-input>
</ion-item>
<button (click)="focusInput(input)">Focus</button>

in controller:

  focusInput(input) {
    input.setFocus();
  }

What is declarative programming?

Describing to a computer what you want, not how to do something.

jasmine: Async callback was not invoked within timeout specified by jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL

It looks like the test is waiting for some callback that never comes. It's likely because the test is not executed with asynchronous behavior.

First, see if just using fakeAsync in your "it" scenario:

it('should do something', fakeAsync(() => {

You can also use flush() to wait for the microTask queue to finish or tick() to wait a specified amount of time.

How to apply two CSS classes to a single element

Include both class strings in a single class attribute value, with a space in between.

<a class="c1 c2" > aa </a>

How to get the width of a react element

    class MyComponent extends Component {
      constructor(props){
        super(props)
        this.myInput = React.createRef()
      }

      componentDidMount () {
        console.log(this.myInput.current.offsetWidth)
      }

      render () {
        return (
        // new way - as of [email protected]
        <div ref={this.myInput}>some elem</div>
        // legacy way
        // <div ref={(ref) => this.myInput = ref}>some elem</div>
        )
      }
    }

Installing NumPy and SciPy on 64-bit Windows (with Pip)

If you are on windows , you wouldn't need wheel anyway! You can directly install package by downloading the 32-bit package as win32 from this link [http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#numpy] and then move that downloaded package to cmd's current directory and open cmd and write following codepip install numpy-1.13.1+mkl-cp36-cp36m-win32.whl then do it same for scipy

For 64-bit you need to install mingw-w64 as it is gcc and compiles numpy and scipy as precompiled status.

Currently it works fine with 32-bit.So I had opted for win32 package both for numpy+mkl and scipy in that link.

Hope This works! Give a try

Could not extract response: no suitable HttpMessageConverter found for response type

public class Application {

    private static List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> getMessageConverters() {
        List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters = new ArrayList<HttpMessageConverter<?>>();
        converters.add(new MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter());
        return converters;
    }   

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

        restTemplate.setMessageConverters(getMessageConverters());
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
        HttpEntity<String> entity = new HttpEntity<String>(headers);
        //Page page = restTemplate.getForObject("http://graph.facebook.com/pivotalsoftware", Page.class);

        ResponseEntity<Page> response = 
                  restTemplate.exchange("http://graph.facebook.com/skbh86", HttpMethod.GET, entity, Page.class, "1");
        Page page = response.getBody();
        System.out.println("Name:    " + page.getId());
        System.out.println("About:   " + page.getFirst_name());
        System.out.println("Phone:   " + page.getLast_name());
        System.out.println("Website: " + page.getMiddle_name());
        System.out.println("Website: " + page.getName());
    }
}

How do you convert between 12 hour time and 24 hour time in PHP?

// 24-hour time to 12-hour time 
$time_in_12_hour_format  = date("g:i a", strtotime("13:30"));

// 12-hour time to 24-hour time 
$time_in_24_hour_format  = date("H:i", strtotime("1:30 PM"));

DD/MM/YYYY Date format in Moment.js

for anyone who's using react-moment:

simply use format prop to your needed format:

const now = new Date()
<Moment format="DD/MM/YYYY">{now}</Moment>

UIAlertController custom font, size, color

Swift 4

Example of custom font on the title. Same things for other components such as message or actions.

    let titleAttributed = NSMutableAttributedString(
            string: Constant.Strings.cancelAbsence, 
            attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font:UIFont(name:"FONT_NAME",size: FONT_SIZE)]
    )

    let alertController = UIAlertController(
        title: "",
        message: "",
        preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.YOUR_STYLE
    )

    alertController.setValue(titleAttributed, forKey : "attributedTitle")
    present(alertController, animated: true, completion: nil)

Grant Select on a view not base table when base table is in a different database

Create view Schema1.viewName1 as (select * from plaplapla)

Schema1 has all the tables

Create view Schema2.viewName2 as (select * from schema1.viewName1)

schema2 has no tables(only views schema)

In this case you can execute (select * from viewName2) in schema2 , BUT .. If you deleted viewNmae1 from Schema1 , Then ViewName2 will not work..

Amani El Gamal [email protected]

correct way to define class variables in Python

I think this sample explains the difference between the styles:

james@bodacious-wired:~$cat test.py 
#!/usr/bin/env python

class MyClass:
    element1 = "Hello"

    def __init__(self):
        self.element2 = "World"

obj = MyClass()

print dir(MyClass)
print "--"
print dir(obj)
print "--"
print obj.element1 
print obj.element2
print MyClass.element1 + " " + MyClass.element2
james@bodacious-wired:~$./test.py 
['__doc__', '__init__', '__module__', 'element1']
--
['__doc__', '__init__', '__module__', 'element1', 'element2']
--
Hello World
Hello
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./test.py", line 17, in <module>
    print MyClass.element2
AttributeError: class MyClass has no attribute 'element2'

element1 is bound to the class, element2 is bound to an instance of the class.

Download file from an ASP.NET Web API method using AngularJS

C# WebApi PDF download all working with Angular JS Authentication

Web Api Controller

[HttpGet]
    [Authorize]
    [Route("OpenFile/{QRFileId}")]
    public HttpResponseMessage OpenFile(int QRFileId)
    {
        QRFileRepository _repo = new QRFileRepository();
        var QRFile = _repo.GetQRFileById(QRFileId);
        if (QRFile == null)
            return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
        string path = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["QRFolder"] + + QRFile.QRId + @"\" + QRFile.FileName;
        if (!File.Exists(path))
            return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);

        HttpResponseMessage response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK);
        //response.Content = new StreamContent(new FileStream(localFilePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read));
        Byte[] bytes = File.ReadAllBytes(path);
        //String file = Convert.ToBase64String(bytes);
        response.Content = new ByteArrayContent(bytes);
        response.Content.Headers.ContentDisposition = new ContentDispositionHeaderValue("attachment");
        response.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/pdf");
        response.Content.Headers.ContentDisposition.FileName = QRFile.FileName;

        return response;
    }

Angular JS Service

this.getPDF = function (apiUrl) {
            var headers = {};
            headers.Authorization = 'Bearer ' + sessionStorage.tokenKey;
            var deferred = $q.defer();
            $http.get(
                hostApiUrl + apiUrl,
                {
                    responseType: 'arraybuffer',
                    headers: headers
                })
            .success(function (result, status, headers) {
                deferred.resolve(result);;
            })
             .error(function (data, status) {
                 console.log("Request failed with status: " + status);
             });
            return deferred.promise;
        }

        this.getPDF2 = function (apiUrl) {
            var promise = $http({
                method: 'GET',
                url: hostApiUrl + apiUrl,
                headers: { 'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + sessionStorage.tokenKey },
                responseType: 'arraybuffer'
            });
            promise.success(function (data) {
                return data;
            }).error(function (data, status) {
                console.log("Request failed with status: " + status);
            });
            return promise;
        }

Either one will do

Angular JS Controller calling the service

vm.open3 = function () {
        var downloadedData = crudService.getPDF('ClientQRDetails/openfile/29');
        downloadedData.then(function (result) {
            var file = new Blob([result], { type: 'application/pdf;base64' });
            var fileURL = window.URL.createObjectURL(file);
            var seconds = new Date().getTime() / 1000;
            var fileName = "cert" + parseInt(seconds) + ".pdf";
            var a = document.createElement("a");
            document.body.appendChild(a);
            a.style = "display: none";
            a.href = fileURL;
            a.download = fileName;
            a.click();
        });
    };

And last the HTML page

<a class="btn btn-primary" ng-click="vm.open3()">FILE Http with crud service (3 getPDF)</a>

This will be refactored just sharing the code now hope it helps someone as it took me a while to get this working.

Any way to make plot points in scatterplot more transparent in R?

Transparency can be coded in the color argument as well. It is just two more hex numbers coding a transparency between 0 (fully transparent) and 255 (fully visible). I once wrote this function to add transparency to a color vector, maybe it is usefull here?

addTrans <- function(color,trans)
{
  # This function adds transparancy to a color.
  # Define transparancy with an integer between 0 and 255
  # 0 being fully transparant and 255 being fully visable
  # Works with either color and trans a vector of equal length,
  # or one of the two of length 1.

  if (length(color)!=length(trans)&!any(c(length(color),length(trans))==1)) stop("Vector lengths not correct")
  if (length(color)==1 & length(trans)>1) color <- rep(color,length(trans))
  if (length(trans)==1 & length(color)>1) trans <- rep(trans,length(color))

  num2hex <- function(x)
  {
    hex <- unlist(strsplit("0123456789ABCDEF",split=""))
    return(paste(hex[(x-x%%16)/16+1],hex[x%%16+1],sep=""))
  }
  rgb <- rbind(col2rgb(color),trans)
  res <- paste("#",apply(apply(rgb,2,num2hex),2,paste,collapse=""),sep="")
  return(res)
}

Some examples:

cols <- sample(c("red","green","pink"),100,TRUE)

# Fully visable:
plot(rnorm(100),rnorm(100),col=cols,pch=16,cex=4)

# Somewhat transparant:
plot(rnorm(100),rnorm(100),col=addTrans(cols,200),pch=16,cex=4)

# Very transparant:
plot(rnorm(100),rnorm(100),col=addTrans(cols,100),pch=16,cex=4)

Serializing/deserializing with memory stream

Use Method to Serialize and Deserialize Collection object from memory. This works on Collection Data Types. This Method will Serialize collection of any type to a byte stream. Create a Seperate Class SerilizeDeserialize and add following two methods:

public class SerilizeDeserialize
{

    // Serialize collection of any type to a byte stream

    public static byte[] Serialize<T>(T obj)
    {
        using (MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream())
        {
            BinaryFormatter binSerializer = new BinaryFormatter();
            binSerializer.Serialize(memStream, obj);
            return memStream.ToArray();
        }
    }

    // DSerialize collection of any type to a byte stream

    public static T Deserialize<T>(byte[] serializedObj)
    {
        T obj = default(T);
        using (MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream(serializedObj))
        {
            BinaryFormatter binSerializer = new BinaryFormatter();
            obj = (T)binSerializer.Deserialize(memStream);
        }
        return obj;
    }

}

How To use these method in your Class:

ArrayList arrayListMem = new ArrayList() { "One", "Two", "Three", "Four", "Five", "Six", "Seven" };
Console.WriteLine("Serializing to Memory : arrayListMem");
byte[] stream = SerilizeDeserialize.Serialize(arrayListMem);

ArrayList arrayListMemDes = new ArrayList();

arrayListMemDes = SerilizeDeserialize.Deserialize<ArrayList>(stream);

Console.WriteLine("DSerializing From Memory : arrayListMemDes");
foreach (var item in arrayListMemDes)
{
    Console.WriteLine(item);
}

How to check if a variable is a dictionary in Python?

You could use if type(ele) is dict or use isinstance(ele, dict) which would work if you had subclassed dict:

d = {'abc': 'abc', 'def': {'ghi': 'ghi', 'jkl': 'jkl'}}
for element in d.values():
    if isinstance(element, dict):
       for k, v in element.items():
           print(k,' ',v)

Django return redirect() with parameters

urls.py:

#...    
url(r'element/update/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', 'element.views.element_update', name='element_update'),

views.py:

from django.shortcuts import redirect
from .models import Element


def element_info(request):
    # ...
    element = Element.object.get(pk=1)
    return redirect('element_update', pk=element.id)

def element_update(request, pk)
    # ...

Calculate distance in meters when you know longitude and latitude in java

In C++ it is done like this:

#define LOCAL_PI 3.1415926535897932385 

double ToRadians(double degrees) 
{
  double radians = degrees * LOCAL_PI / 180;
  return radians;
}

double DirectDistance(double lat1, double lng1, double lat2, double lng2) 
{
  double earthRadius = 3958.75;
  double dLat = ToRadians(lat2-lat1);
  double dLng = ToRadians(lng2-lng1);
  double a = sin(dLat/2) * sin(dLat/2) + 
             cos(ToRadians(lat1)) * cos(ToRadians(lat2)) * 
             sin(dLng/2) * sin(dLng/2);
  double c = 2 * atan2(sqrt(a), sqrt(1-a));
  double dist = earthRadius * c;
  double meterConversion = 1609.00;
  return dist * meterConversion;
}

Is it possible to put CSS @media rules inline?

You can use image-set()

<div style="
  background-image: url(icon1x.png);
  background-image: -webkit-image-set(  
    url(icon1x.png) 1x,  
    url(icon2x.png) 2x);  
  background-image: image-set(  
    url(icon1x.png) 1x,  
    url(icon2x.png) 2x);">

C++ floating point to integer type conversions

For most cases (long for floats, long long for double and long double):

long a{ std::lround(1.5f) }; //2l
long long b{ std::llround(std::floor(1.5)) }; //1ll

Simple pthread! C++

Linkage. Try this:

extern "C" void *print_message() {...

How to find a string inside a entire database?

create procedure usp_find_string(@string as varchar(1000))
as
begin
declare @mincounter as int
declare @maxcounter as int
declare @stmtquery as varchar(1000)
set @stmtquery=''
create table #tmp(tablename varchar(128),columnname varchar(128),rowid int identity)
create table #tablelist(tablename varchar(128),columnname varchar(128))
declare @tmp table(name varchar(128))
declare @tablename as varchar(128)
declare @columnname as varchar(128)

insert into #tmp(tablename,columnname)
select a.name,b.name as columnname from sysobjects a
inner join syscolumns b on a.name=object_name(b.id)
where a.type='u'
and b.xtype in(select xtype from systypes
    where name='text' or name='ntext' or name='varchar' or name='nvarchar' or name='char' or name='nchar')
order by a.name

select @maxcounter=max(rowid),@mincounter=min(rowid) from #tmp 
while(@mincounter <= @maxcounter )
begin
 select @tablename=tablename, @columnname=columnname from #tmp where rowid=@mincounter
 set @stmtquery ='select top 1  ' + '[' +@columnname+']' + ' from ' + '['+@tablename+']' + ' where ' + '['+@columnname+']' + ' like ' + '''%' + @string + '%'''
 insert into @tmp(name) exec(@stmtquery)
 if @@rowcount >0
 insert into #tablelist values(@tablename,@columnname)
 set @mincounter=@mincounter +1
end
select * from #tablelist
end

How to display tables on mobile using Bootstrap?

You might also consider trying one of these approaches, since larger tables aren't exactly friendly on mobile even if it works:

http://elvery.net/demo/responsive-tables/

I'm partial to 'No More Tables' but that obviously depends on your application.

jQuery - adding elements into an array

Try this, at the end of the each loop, ids array will contain all the hexcodes.

var ids = [];

    $(document).ready(function($) {
    var $div = $("<div id='hexCodes'></div>").appendTo(document.body), code;
    $(".color_cell").each(function() {
        code = $(this).attr('id');
        ids.push(code);
        $div.append(code + "<br />");
    });



});

java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlObject Error

I was working with talend V7.3.1 and I had poi version "4.1.0" and including xml-beans from the list of dependencies didnt fix my problem (i.e: 2.3.0 and 2.6.0).

It was fixed by downloading the jar "xmlbeans-3.0.1.jar" and adding it to the project

enter image description here

Easiest way to convert a List to a Set in Java

A more Java 8 resilient solution with Optional.ofNullable

Set<Foo> mySet = Optional.ofNullable(myList).map(HashSet::new).orElse(null);

Counting words in string

There may be a more efficient way to do this, but this is what has worked for me.

function countWords(passedString){
  passedString = passedString.replace(/(^\s*)|(\s*$)/gi, '');
  passedString = passedString.replace(/\s\s+/g, ' '); 
  passedString = passedString.replace(/,/g, ' ');  
  passedString = passedString.replace(/;/g, ' ');
  passedString = passedString.replace(/\//g, ' ');  
  passedString = passedString.replace(/\\/g, ' ');  
  passedString = passedString.replace(/{/g, ' ');
  passedString = passedString.replace(/}/g, ' ');
  passedString = passedString.replace(/\n/g, ' ');  
  passedString = passedString.replace(/\./g, ' '); 
  passedString = passedString.replace(/[\{\}]/g, ' ');
  passedString = passedString.replace(/[\(\)]/g, ' ');
  passedString = passedString.replace(/[[\]]/g, ' ');
  passedString = passedString.replace(/[ ]{2,}/gi, ' ');
  var countWordsBySpaces = passedString.split(' ').length; 
  return countWordsBySpaces;

}

its able to recognise all of the following as separate words:

abc,abc = 2 words,
abc/abc/abc = 3 words (works with forward and backward slashes),
abc.abc = 2 words,
abc[abc]abc = 3 words,
abc;abc = 2 words,

(some other suggestions I've tried count each example above as only 1 x word) it also:

  • ignores all leading and trailing white spaces

  • counts a single-letter followed by a new line, as a word - which I've found some of the suggestions given on this page don't count, for example:
    a
    a
    a
    a
    a
    sometimes gets counted as 0 x words, and other functions only count it as 1 x word, instead of 5 x words)

if anyone has any ideas on how to improve it, or cleaner / more efficient - then please add you 2 cents! Hope This Helps Someone out.

Passing Variable through JavaScript from one html page to another page

You have a few different options:

  • you can use a SPA router like SammyJS, or Angularjs and ui-router, so your pages are stateful.
  • use sessionStorage to store your state.
  • store the values on the URL hash.

"No cached version... available for offline mode."

Please follow below steps :

1.Open Your project.

2.Go to the Left side of the Gradle button.

3.Look at below image.

enter image description here

4.Click button above image show.

5.if this type of view you are not in offline mode.

6.Go to Build and rebuild the project.

All above point is work for me.

Assignment inside lambda expression in Python

first , you dont need to use a local assigment for your job, just check the above answer

second, its simple to use locals() and globals() to got the variables table and then change the value

check this sample code:

print [locals().__setitem__('x', 'Hillo :]'), x][-1]

if you need to change the add a global variable to your environ, try to replace locals() with globals()

python's list comp is cool but most of the triditional project dont accept this(like flask :[)

hope it could help

Selecting specific rows and columns from NumPy array

Fancy indexing requires you to provide all indices for each dimension. You are providing 3 indices for the first one, and only 2 for the second one, hence the error. You want to do something like this:

>>> a[[[0, 0], [1, 1], [3, 3]], [[0,2], [0,2], [0, 2]]]
array([[ 0,  2],
       [ 4,  6],
       [12, 14]])

That is of course a pain to write, so you can let broadcasting help you:

>>> a[[[0], [1], [3]], [0, 2]]
array([[ 0,  2],
       [ 4,  6],
       [12, 14]])

This is much simpler to do if you index with arrays, not lists:

>>> row_idx = np.array([0, 1, 3])
>>> col_idx = np.array([0, 2])
>>> a[row_idx[:, None], col_idx]
array([[ 0,  2],
       [ 4,  6],
       [12, 14]])

What's the CMake syntax to set and use variables?

When writing CMake scripts there is a lot you need to know about the syntax and how to use variables in CMake.

The Syntax

Strings using set():

  • set(MyString "Some Text")
  • set(MyStringWithVar "Some other Text: ${MyString}")
  • set(MyStringWithQuot "Some quote: \"${MyStringWithVar}\"")

Or with string():

  • string(APPEND MyStringWithContent " ${MyString}")

Lists using set():

  • set(MyList "a" "b" "c")
  • set(MyList ${MyList} "d")

Or better with list():

  • list(APPEND MyList "a" "b" "c")
  • list(APPEND MyList "d")

Lists of File Names:

  • set(MySourcesList "File.name" "File with Space.name")
  • list(APPEND MySourcesList "File.name" "File with Space.name")
  • add_excutable(MyExeTarget ${MySourcesList})

The Documentation

The Scope or "What value does my variable have?"

First there are the "Normal Variables" and things you need to know about their scope:

  • Normal variables are visible to the CMakeLists.txt they are set in and everything called from there (add_subdirectory(), include(), macro() and function()).
  • The add_subdirectory() and function() commands are special, because they open-up their own scope.
    • Meaning variables set(...) there are only visible there and they make a copy of all normal variables of the scope level they are called from (called parent scope).
    • So if you are in a sub-directory or a function you can modify an already existing variable in the parent scope with set(... PARENT_SCOPE)
    • You can make use of this e.g. in functions by passing the variable name as a function parameter. An example would be function(xyz _resultVar) is setting set(${_resultVar} 1 PARENT_SCOPE)
  • On the other hand everything you set in include() or macro() scripts will modify variables directly in the scope of where they are called from.

Second there is the "Global Variables Cache". Things you need to know about the Cache:

  • If no normal variable with the given name is defined in the current scope, CMake will look for a matching Cache entry.
  • Cache values are stored in the CMakeCache.txt file in your binary output directory.
  • The values in the Cache can be modified in CMake's GUI application before they are generated. Therefore they - in comparison to normal variables - have a type and a docstring. I normally don't use the GUI so I use set(... CACHE INTERNAL "") to set my global and persistant values.

    Please note that the INTERNAL cache variable type does imply FORCE

  • In a CMake script you can only change existing Cache entries if you use the set(... CACHE ... FORCE) syntax. This behavior is made use of e.g. by CMake itself, because it normally does not force Cache entries itself and therefore you can pre-define it with another value.

  • You can use the command line to set entries in the Cache with the syntax cmake -D var:type=value, just cmake -D var=value or with cmake -C CMakeInitialCache.cmake.
  • You can unset entries in the Cache with unset(... CACHE).

The Cache is global and you can set them virtually anywhere in your CMake scripts. But I would recommend you think twice about where to use Cache variables (they are global and they are persistant). I normally prefer the set_property(GLOBAL PROPERTY ...) and set_property(GLOBAL APPEND PROPERTY ...) syntax to define my own non-persistant global variables.

Variable Pitfalls and "How to debug variable changes?"

To avoid pitfalls you should know the following about variables:

  • Local variables do hide cached variables if both have the same name
  • The find_... commands - if successful - do write their results as cached variables "so that no call will search again"
  • Lists in CMake are just strings with semicolons delimiters and therefore the quotation-marks are important
    • set(MyVar a b c) is "a;b;c" and set(MyVar "a b c") is "a b c"
    • The recommendation is that you always use quotation marks with the one exception when you want to give a list as list
    • Generally prefer the list() command for handling lists
  • The whole scope issue described above. Especially it's recommended to use functions() instead of macros() because you don't want your local variables to show up in the parent scope.
  • A lot of variables used by CMake are set with the project() and enable_language() calls. So it could get important to set some variables before those commands are used.
  • Environment variables may differ from where CMake generated the make environment and when the the make files are put to use.
    • A change in an environment variable does not re-trigger the generation process.
    • Especially a generated IDE environment may differ from your command line, so it's recommended to transfer your environment variables into something that is cached.

Sometimes only debugging variables helps. The following may help you:

  • Simply use old printf debugging style by using the message() command. There also some ready to use modules shipped with CMake itself: CMakePrintHelpers.cmake, CMakePrintSystemInformation.cmake
  • Look into CMakeCache.txt file in your binary output directory. This file is even generated if the actual generation of your make environment fails.
  • Use variable_watch() to see where your variables are read/written/removed.
  • Look into the directory properties CACHE_VARIABLES and VARIABLES
  • Call cmake --trace ... to see the CMake's complete parsing process. That's sort of the last reserve, because it generates a lot of output.

Special Syntax

  • Environment Variables
    • You can can read $ENV{...} and write set(ENV{...} ...) environment variables
  • Generator Expressions
    • Generator expressions $<...> are only evaluated when CMake's generator writes the make environment (it comparison to normal variables that are replaced "in-place" by the parser)
    • Very handy e.g. in compiler/linker command lines and in multi-configuration environments
  • References
    • With ${${...}} you can give variable names in a variable and reference its content.
    • Often used when giving a variable name as function/macro parameter.
  • Constant Values (see if() command)
    • With if(MyVariable) you can directly check a variable for true/false (no need here for the enclosing ${...})
    • True if the constant is 1, ON, YES, TRUE, Y, or a non-zero number.
    • False if the constant is 0, OFF, NO, FALSE, N, IGNORE, NOTFOUND, the empty string, or ends in the suffix -NOTFOUND.
    • This syntax is often use for something like if(MSVC), but it can be confusing for someone who does not know this syntax shortcut.
  • Recursive substitutions
    • You can construct variable names using variables. After CMake has substituted the variables, it will check again if the result is a variable itself. This is very powerful feature used in CMake itself e.g. as sort of a template set(CMAKE_${lang}_COMPILER ...)
    • But be aware this can give you a headache in if() commands. Here is an example where CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID is "MSVC" and MSVC is "1":
      • if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "MSVC") is true, because it evaluates to if("1" STREQUAL "1")
      • if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC") is false, because it evaluates to if("MSVC" STREQUAL "1")
      • So the best solution here would be - see above - to directly check for if(MSVC)
    • The good news is that this was fixed in CMake 3.1 with the introduction of policy CMP0054. I would recommend to always set cmake_policy(SET CMP0054 NEW) to "only interpret if() arguments as variables or keywords when unquoted."
  • The option() command
    • Mainly just cached strings that only can be ON or OFF and they allow some special handling like e.g. dependencies
    • But be aware, don't mistake the option with the set command. The value given to option is really only the "initial value" (transferred once to the cache during the first configuration step) and is afterwards meant to be changed by the user through CMake's GUI.

References

Cannot create SSPI context

The "Cannot Generate SSPI Context" error is very generic and can happen for a multitude of reasons. Is just a cover error for any underlying Kerberos/NTLM error. Gbn's KB article link is a very good starting point and usualy solves the issues. If you still have problems I recommend following the troubleshooting steps in Troubleshooting Kerberos Errors.

How to specify HTTP error code?

You can use res.send('OMG :(', 404); just res.send(404);

How to get some values from a JSON string in C#?

my string

var obj = {"Status":0,"Data":{"guid":"","invitationGuid":"","entityGuid":"387E22AD69-4910-430C-AC16-8044EE4A6B24443545DD"},"Extension":null}

Following code to get guid:

var userObj = JObject.Parse(obj);
var userGuid = Convert.ToString(userObj["Data"]["guid"]);

SQL server query to get the list of columns in a table along with Data types, NOT NULL, and PRIMARY KEY constraints

To ensure you obtain the right length you would need to consider unicode types as a special case. See code below.

For further information see: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms176106.aspx

SELECT 
   c.name 'Column Name',
   t.name,
   t.name +
   CASE WHEN t.name IN ('char', 'varchar','nchar','nvarchar') THEN '('+

             CASE WHEN c.max_length=-1 THEN 'MAX'

                  ELSE CONVERT(VARCHAR(4),

                               CASE WHEN t.name IN ('nchar','nvarchar')

                               THEN  c.max_length/2 ELSE c.max_length END )

                  END +')'

          WHEN t.name IN ('decimal','numeric')

                  THEN '('+ CONVERT(VARCHAR(4),c.precision)+','

                          + CONVERT(VARCHAR(4),c.Scale)+')'

                  ELSE '' END

   as "DDL name",
   c.max_length 'Max Length in Bytes',
   c.precision ,
   c.scale ,
   c.is_nullable,
   ISNULL(i.is_primary_key, 0) 'Primary Key'
FROM    
   sys.columns c
INNER JOIN 
   sys.types t ON c.user_type_id = t.user_type_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN 
   sys.index_columns ic ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN 
   sys.indexes i ON ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
WHERE
   c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('YourTableName')

warning about too many open figures

Use .clf or .cla on your figure object instead of creating a new figure. From @DavidZwicker

Assuming you have imported pyplot as

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.cla() clears an axis, i.e. the currently active axis in the current figure. It leaves the other axes untouched.

plt.clf() clears the entire current figure with all its axes, but leaves the window opened, such that it may be reused for other plots.

plt.close() closes a window, which will be the current window, if not specified otherwise. plt.close('all') will close all open figures.

The reason that del fig does not work is that the pyplot state-machine keeps a reference to the figure around (as it must if it is going to know what the 'current figure' is). This means that even if you delete your ref to the figure, there is at least one live ref, hence it will never be garbage collected.

Since I'm polling on the collective wisdom here for this answer, @JoeKington mentions in the comments that plt.close(fig) will remove a specific figure instance from the pylab state machine (plt._pylab_helpers.Gcf) and allow it to be garbage collected.

endsWith in JavaScript

A way to future proof and/or prevent overwriting of existing prototype would be test check to see if it has already been added to the String prototype. Here's my take on the non-regex highly rated version.

if (typeof String.endsWith !== 'function') {
    String.prototype.endsWith = function (suffix) {
        return this.indexOf(suffix, this.length - suffix.length) !== -1;
    };
}

How to show text in combobox when no item selected?

I could not get @Andrei Karcheuski 's approach to work but he inspired me to this approach: (I added the Localizable Property so the Hint can be translated through .resx files for each dialog you use it on)

 public partial class HintComboBox : ComboBox
{
    string hint;
    Font greyFont;

    [Localizable(true)]
    public string Hint
    {
        get { return hint; }
        set { hint = value; Invalidate(); }
    }

    public HintComboBox()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    protected override void OnCreateControl()
    {
        base.OnCreateControl();

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Text))
        {
            this.ForeColor = SystemColors.GrayText;
            Text = Hint;
        }
        else
        {
            this.ForeColor = Color.Black;
        }
    }

    private void HintComboBox_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(Text) )
        {
            this.ForeColor = SystemColors.GrayText;
            Text = Hint;
        }
        else
        {
            this.ForeColor = Color.Black;
        }
    }

How do I switch between command and insert mode in Vim?

Pressing ESC quits from insert mode to normal mode, where you can press : to type in a command. Press i again to back to insert mode, and you are good to go.

I'm not a Vim guru, so someone else can be more experienced and give you other options.

How do I revert all local changes in Git managed project to previous state?

I searched for a similar issue,

Wanted to throw away local commits:

  1. cloned the repository (git clone)
  2. switched to dev branch (git checkout dev)
  3. did few commits (git commit -m "commit 1")
  4. but decided to throw away these local commits to go back to remote (origin/dev)

So did the below:

git reset --hard origin/dev

Check:

git status  

        On branch dev  
        Your branch is up-to-date with 'origin/dev'.  
        nothing to commit, working tree clean  

now local commits are lost, back to the initial cloned state, point 1 above.

Case objects vs Enumerations in Scala

I've seen various versions of making a case class mimic an enumeration. Here is my version:

trait CaseEnumValue {
    def name:String
}

trait CaseEnum {
    type V <: CaseEnumValue
    def values:List[V]
    def unapply(name:String):Option[String] = {
        if (values.exists(_.name == name)) Some(name) else None
    }
    def unapply(value:V):String = {
        return value.name
    }
    def apply(name:String):Option[V] = {
        values.find(_.name == name)
    }
}

Which allows you to construct case classes that look like the following:

abstract class Currency(override name:String) extends CaseEnumValue {
}

object Currency extends CaseEnum {
    type V = Site
    case object EUR extends Currency("EUR")
    case object GBP extends Currency("GBP")
    var values = List(EUR, GBP)
}

Maybe someone could come up with a better trick than simply adding a each case class to the list like I did. This was all I could come up with at the time.

Select Rows with id having even number

SELECT * FROM ( SELECT *, Row_Number() 
OVER(ORDER BY country_gid) AS sdfg  FROM eka_mst_tcountry ) t 
WHERE t.country_gid % 2 = 0 

How do I make a placeholder for a 'select' box?

Try this for a change:

$("select").css("color", "#757575");
$(document).on("change", "select", function(){
    if ($(this).val() != "") {
        $(this).css("color", "");
    } 
    else {
        $(this).css("color", "#757575");
    }
});

Concat all strings inside a List<string> using LINQ

I have done this using LINQ:

var oCSP = (from P in db.Products select new { P.ProductName });

string joinedString = string.Join(",", oCSP.Select(p => p.ProductName));

HTTP POST Returns Error: 417 "Expectation Failed."

If you are using "HttpClient", and you don't want to use global configuration to affect all you program you can use:

 HttpClientHandler httpClientHandler = new HttpClientHandler();
 httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.ExpectContinue = false;

I you are using "WebClient" I think you can try to remove this header by calling:

 var client = new WebClient();
 client.Headers.Remove(HttpRequestHeader.Expect);

PHP sessions that have already been started

I encountered this issue while trying to fix $_SESSION's blocking behavior.

http://konrness.com/php5/how-to-prevent-blocking-php-requests/

The session file remains locked until the script completes or the session is manually closed.

So, by default, a page should open a session in read-only mode. But once it's open in read-only, it has to be closed-and-reopened in to get it into write mode.

const SESSION_DEFAULT_COOKIE_LIFETIME = 86400;

/**
 * Open _SESSION read-only
 */
function OpenSessionReadOnly() {
    session_start([
                      'cookie_lifetime' => SESSION_DEFAULT_COOKIE_LIFETIME,
                      'read_and_close'  => true,    // READ ACCESS FAST
                  ]);
    // $_SESSION is now defined. Call WriteSessionValues() to write out values
}

/**
 * _SESSION is read-only by default. Call this function to save a new value
 * call this function like `WriteSessionValues(["username"=>$login_user]);`
 * to set $_SESSION["username"]
 *
 * @param array $values_assoc_array
 */
function WriteSessionValues($values_assoc_array) {
    // this is required to close the read-only session and 
    // not get a warning on the next line.
    session_abort();

    // now open the session with write access
    session_start([ 'cookie_lifetime' => SESSION_DEFAULT_COOKIE_LIFETIME ]);

    foreach ($values_assoc_array as $key => $value) {
        $_SESSION[ $key ] = $value;
    }
    session_write_close();  // Write session data and end session

    OpenSessionReadOnly(); // now reopen the session in read-only mode.
}

OpenSessionReadOnly();  // start the session for this page

Then when you go to write some value:

WriteSessionValues(["username"=>$login_user]);

The function takes an array of key=>value pairs to make it even more efficient.

How do you convert epoch time in C#?

UPDATE 2020

You can do this with DateTimeOffset

DateTimeOffset dateTimeOffset = DateTimeOffset.FromUnixTimeSeconds(epochSeconds);
DateTimeOffset dateTimeOffset2 = DateTimeOffset.FromUnixTimeMilliseconds(epochMilliseconds);

And if you need the DateTime object instead of DateTimeOffset, then you can call the DateTime property

DateTime dateTime = dateTimeOffset.DateTime;

Original answer

I presume that you mean Unix time, which is defined as the number of seconds since midnight (UTC) on 1st January 1970.

private static readonly DateTime epoch = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);

public static DateTime FromUnixTime(long unixTime)
{
    return epoch.AddSeconds(unixTime);
}

Convert named list to vector with values only

purrr::flatten_*() is also a good option. the flatten_* functions add thin sanity checks and ensure type safety.

myList <- list('A'=1, 'B'=2, 'C'=3)

purrr::flatten_dbl(myList)
## [1] 1 2 3

Adding a splash screen to Flutter apps

Both @Collin Jackson and @Sniper are right. You can follow these steps to set up launch images in android and iOS respectively. Then in your MyApp(), in your initState(), you can use Future.delayed to set up a timer or call any api. Until the response is returned from the Future, your launch icons will be shown and then as the response come, you can move to the screen you want to go to after the splash screen. You can see this link : Flutter Splash Screen

CMake output/build directory

As of CMake Wiki:

CMAKE_BINARY_DIR if you are building in-source, this is the same as CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR, otherwise this is the top level directory of your build tree

Compare these two variables to determine if out-of-source build was started