Best I got so far:

dynamic DynamicCast(object entity, Type to)
{
    var openCast = this.GetType().GetMethod("Cast", BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
    var closeCast = openCast.MakeGenericMethod(to);
    return closeCast.Invoke(entity, new[] { entity });
}
static T Cast<T>(object entity) where T : class
{
    return entity as T;
}

You can use numpy to convert a list directly to a floating array or matrix.

    import numpy as np
    list_ex = [1, 0] # This a list
    list_int = np.array(list_ex) # This is a numpy integer array

If you want to convert the integer array to a floating array then add 0. to it

    list_float = np.array(list_ex) + 0. # This is a numpy floating array

//Get Only number from string
$string = "123 Hello Zahid";
$res = preg_replace("/[^0-9]/", "", $string);
echo $res."<br>";
//Result 123

Best Method in the WORLD :)

function arrayToObject($conArray)
{
    if(is_array($conArray)){
        /*
        * Return array converted to object
        * Using __FUNCTION__ (Magic constant)
        * for recursive call
        */
        return (object) array_map(__FUNCTION__, $conArray);
    }else{
        // Return object
        return $conArray;
    }
}

if you use different methods you will have problems. This is the best method. You have ever seen.

That error means that a function call is only matched by an existing function if all its arguments are of the same type and passed in same order. So if the next f() function

create function f() returns integer as $$ 
    select 1;
$$ language sql;

is called as

select f(1);

It will error out with

ERROR:  function f(integer) does not exist
LINE 1: select f(1);
               ^
HINT:  No function matches the given name and argument types. You might need to add explicit type casts.

because there is no f() function that takes an integer as argument.

So you need to carefully compare what you are passing to the function to what it is expecting. That long list of table columns looks like bad design.

One way to handle this is to create a new BufferedImage, and tell it's graphics object to draw your scaled image into the new BufferedImage:

final float FACTOR  = 4f;
BufferedImage img = ImageIO.read(new File("graphic.png"));
int scaleX = (int) (img.getWidth() * FACTOR);
int scaleY = (int) (img.getHeight() * FACTOR);
Image image = img.getScaledInstance(scaleX, scaleY, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
BufferedImage buffered = new BufferedImage(scaleX, scaleY, TYPE);
buffered.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0 , null);

That should do the trick without casting.

Also worth mentioning -- if you were forced to use an older Java version prior to 1.5, and you are trying to use Collections, you won't be able to parameterize the collection with a type such as Double.

You'll have to manually "box" to the class Double when adding new items, and "unbox" to the primitive double by parsing and casting, doing something like this:

LinkedList lameOldList = new LinkedList();
lameOldList.add( new Double(1.2) );
lameOldList.add( new Double(3.4) );
lameOldList.add( new Double(5.6) );

double total = 0.0;
for (int i = 0, len = lameOldList.size(); i < len; i++) {
  total += Double.valueOf( (Double)lameOldList.get(i) );
}

The old-school list will contain only type Object and so has to be cast to Double.

Also, you won't be able to iterate through the list with an enhanced-for-loop in early Java versions -- only with a for-loop.

This is because:

You executed an SQL statement that tried to convert a string to a number, but it was unsuccessful.

As explained in:

• Oracle/PLSQL: ORA-01722 Error.

To resolve this error:

Only numeric fields or character fields that contain numeric values can be used in arithmetic operations. Make sure that all expressions evaluate to numbers.

Class.cast() is rarely ever used in Java code. If it is used then usually with types that are only known at runtime (i.e. via their respective Class objects and by some type parameter). It is only really useful in code that uses generics (that's also the reason it wasn't introduced earlier).

It is not similar to reinterpret_cast, because it will not allow you to break the type system at runtime any more than a normal cast does (i.e. you can break generic type parameters, but can't break "real" types).

The evils of the C-style cast operator generally don't apply to Java. The Java code that looks like a C-style cast is most similar to a dynamic_cast<>() with a reference type in Java (remember: Java has runtime type information).

Generally comparing the C++ casting operators with Java casting is pretty hard since in Java you can only ever cast reference and no conversion ever happens to objects (only primitive values can be converted using this syntax).

All of

std::string s(1, c); std::cout << s << std::endl;

and

std::cout << std::string(1, c) << std::endl;

and

std::string s; s.push_back(c); std::cout << s << std::endl;

worked for me.

If you want to disable this warning it is important to know that there are two related warning parameters in GCC and Clang: GCC Compiler options -wno-four-char-constants and -wno-multichar

Just try this :

ArrayList<SomeClass> arrayList;

 public SomeConstructor(List<SomeClass> listData) {
        arrayList.addAll(listData);
}

Yes. The casts are redundant. In your expression:

true == 1

Integral promotion applies and the bool value will be promoted to an int and this promotion must yield 1.

Reference: 4.7 [conv.integral] / 4: If the source type is bool... true is converted to one.

TL;DR

Use one of these for universal conversion needs

//Java 7 or below
bigDecimal.setScale(0, RoundingMode.DOWN).intValueExact()
//Java 8    
bigDecimal.toBigInteger().intValueExact()

Reasoning

The answer depends on what the requirements are and how you answer these question.

• Will the BigDecimal potentially have a non-zero fractional part?
• Will the BigDecimal potentially not fit into the Integer range?
• Would you like non-zero fractional parts rounded or truncated?
• How would you like non-zero fractional parts rounded?

If you answered no to the first 2 questions, you could just use BigDecimal.intValueExact() as others have suggested and let it blow up when something unexpected happens.

If you are not absolutely 100% confident about question number 2, then intValue() is always the wrong answer.

Making it better

Let's use the following assumptions based on the other answers.

• We are okay with losing precision and truncating the value because that's what intValueExact() and auto-boxing do
• We want an exception thrown when the BigDecimal is larger than the Integer range because anything else would be crazy unless you have a very specific need for the wrap around that happens when you drop the high-order bits.

Given those params, intValueExact() throws an exception when we don't want it to if our fractional part is non-zero. On the other hand, intValue() doesn't throw an exception when it should if our BigDecimal is too large.

To get the best of both worlds, round off the BigDecimal first, then convert. This also has the benefit of giving you more control over the rounding process.

Spock Groovy Test

void 'test BigDecimal rounding'() {
    given:
    BigDecimal decimal = new BigDecimal(Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1.99)
    BigDecimal hugeDecimal = new BigDecimal(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1.99)
    BigDecimal reallyHuge = new BigDecimal("10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000")
    String decimalAsBigIntString = decimal.toBigInteger().toString()
    String hugeDecimalAsBigIntString = hugeDecimal.toBigInteger().toString()
    String reallyHugeAsBigIntString = reallyHuge.toBigInteger().toString()

    expect: 'decimals that can be truncated within Integer range to do so without exception'
    //GOOD: Truncates without exception
    '' + decimal.intValue() == decimalAsBigIntString
    //BAD: Throws ArithmeticException 'Non-zero decimal digits' because we lose information
    // decimal.intValueExact() == decimalAsBigIntString
    //GOOD: Truncates without exception
    '' + decimal.setScale(0, RoundingMode.DOWN).intValueExact() == decimalAsBigIntString

    and: 'truncated decimal that cannot be truncated within Integer range throw conversionOverflow exception'
    //BAD: hugeDecimal.intValue() is -2147483648 instead of 2147483648
    //'' + hugeDecimal.intValue() == hugeDecimalAsBigIntString
    //BAD: Throws ArithmeticException 'Non-zero decimal digits' because we lose information
    //'' + hugeDecimal.intValueExact() == hugeDecimalAsBigIntString
    //GOOD: Throws conversionOverflow ArithmeticException because to large
    //'' + hugeDecimal.setScale(0, RoundingMode.DOWN).intValueExact() == hugeDecimalAsBigIntString

    and: 'truncated decimal that cannot be truncated within Integer range throw conversionOverflow exception'
    //BAD: hugeDecimal.intValue() is 0
    //'' + reallyHuge.intValue() == reallyHugeAsBigIntString
    //GOOD: Throws conversionOverflow ArithmeticException because to large
    //'' + reallyHuge.intValueExact() == reallyHugeAsBigIntString
    //GOOD: Throws conversionOverflow ArithmeticException because to large
    //'' + reallyHuge.setScale(0, RoundingMode.DOWN).intValueExact() == reallyHugeAsBigIntString

    and: 'if using Java 8, BigInteger has intValueExact() just like BigDecimal'
    //decimal.toBigInteger().intValueExact() == decimal.setScale(0, RoundingMode.DOWN).intValueExact()
}

Downcast works in the case when we are dealing with an upcasted object. Upcasting:

int intValue = 10;
Object objValue = (Object) intvalue;

So now this objValue variable can always be downcasted to int because the object which was cast is an Integer,

int oldIntValue = (Integer) objValue;
// can be done 

but because objValue is an Object it cannot be cast to String because int cannot be cast to String.

Call it like this:

foo(*ob);

Note that there is no casting going on here, as suggested in your question title. All we have done is de-referenced the pointer to the object which we then pass to the function.

You can't cast an Object array to an Integer array. You have to loop through all elements of a and cast each one individually.

Object[] a = new Object[1];
Integer b=1;
a[0]=b;
Integer[] c = new Integer[a.length];
for(int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
{
    c[i] = (Integer) a[i];
}

Edit: I believe the rationale behind this restriction is that when casting, the JVM wants to ensure type-safety at runtime. Since an array of Objects can be anything besides Integers, the JVM would have to do what the above code is doing anyway (look at each element individually). The language designers decided they didn't want the JVM to do that (I'm not sure why, but I'm sure it's a good reason).

However, you can cast a subtype array to a supertype array (e.g. Integer[] to Object[])!

Run a test.

   string coerce:          7.42296099663
   string cast:            8.05654597282
   string fail coerce:     7.14159703255
   string fail cast:       7.87444186211

This was a test that ran each scenario 10,000,000 times. :-)

Co-ercion is 0 + "123"

Casting is (integer)"123"

I think Co-ercion is a tiny bit faster. Oh, and trying 0 + array('123') is a fatal error in PHP. You might want your code to check the type of the supplied value.

My test code is below.

function test_string_coerce($s) {
    return 0 + $s;
}

function test_string_cast($s) {
    return (integer)$s;
}

$iter = 10000000;

print "-- running each text $iter times.\n";

// string co-erce
$string_coerce = new Timer;
$string_coerce->Start();

print "String Coerce test\n";
for( $i = 0; $i < $iter ; $i++ ) {
    test_string_coerce('123');
}

$string_coerce->Stop();

// string cast
$string_cast = new Timer;
$string_cast->Start();

print "String Cast test\n";
for( $i = 0; $i < $iter ; $i++ ) {
    test_string_cast('123');
}

$string_cast->Stop();

// string co-erce fail.
$string_coerce_fail = new Timer;
$string_coerce_fail->Start();

print "String Coerce fail test\n";
for( $i = 0; $i < $iter ; $i++ ) {
    test_string_coerce('hello');
}

$string_coerce_fail->Stop();

// string cast fail
$string_cast_fail = new Timer;
$string_cast_fail->Start();

print "String Cast fail test\n";
for( $i = 0; $i < $iter ; $i++ ) {
    test_string_cast('hello');
}

$string_cast_fail->Stop();

// -----------------
print "\n";
print "string coerce:          ".$string_coerce->Elapsed()."\n";
print "string cast:            ".$string_cast->Elapsed()."\n";
print "string fail coerce:     ".$string_coerce_fail->Elapsed()."\n";
print "string fail cast:       ".$string_cast_fail->Elapsed()."\n";


class Timer {
    var $ticking = null;
    var $started_at = false;
    var $elapsed = 0;

    function Timer() {
        $this->ticking = null;
    }

    function Start() {
        $this->ticking = true;
        $this->started_at = microtime(TRUE);
    }

    function Stop() {
        if( $this->ticking )
            $this->elapsed = microtime(TRUE) - $this->started_at;
        $this->ticking = false;
    }

    function Elapsed() {
        switch( $this->ticking ) {
            case true: return "Still Running";
            case false: return $this->elapsed;
            case null: return "Not Started";
        }
    }
}

With Google Guava's Ints class, your method can be changed to:

public static int safeLongToInt(long l) {
    return Ints.checkedCast(l);
}

From the linked docs:

checkedCast

public static int checkedCast(long value)

Returns the int value that is equal to value, if possible.

Parameters: value - any value in the range of the int type

Returns: the int value that equals value

Throws: IllegalArgumentException - if value is greater than Integer.MAX_VALUE or less than Integer.MIN_VALUE

Incidentally, you don't need the safeLongToInt wrapper, unless you want to leave it in place for changing out the functionality without extensive refactoring of course.

You could also create your own conversion function, inside which you can use exception blocks:

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION convert_to_integer(v_input text)
RETURNS INTEGER AS $$
DECLARE v_int_value INTEGER DEFAULT NULL;
BEGIN
    BEGIN
        v_int_value := v_input::INTEGER;
    EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN
        RAISE NOTICE 'Invalid integer value: "%".  Returning NULL.', v_input;
        RETURN NULL;
    END;
RETURN v_int_value;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

Testing:

=# select convert_to_integer('1234');
 convert_to_integer 
--------------------
               1234
(1 row)

=# select convert_to_integer('');
NOTICE:  Invalid integer value: "".  Returning NULL.
 convert_to_integer 
--------------------

(1 row)

=# select convert_to_integer('chicken');
NOTICE:  Invalid integer value: "chicken".  Returning NULL.
 convert_to_integer 
--------------------

(1 row)

use :

SELECT cast(CHAR(50),id) as colI1 from t9;

You can use above function for casting not similar class objects (PHP >= 5.3)

/**
 * Class casting
 *
 * @param string|object $destination
 * @param object $sourceObject
 * @return object
 */
function cast($destination, $sourceObject)
{
    if (is_string($destination)) {
        $destination = new $destination();
    }
    $sourceReflection = new ReflectionObject($sourceObject);
    $destinationReflection = new ReflectionObject($destination);
    $sourceProperties = $sourceReflection->getProperties();
    foreach ($sourceProperties as $sourceProperty) {
        $sourceProperty->setAccessible(true);
        $name = $sourceProperty->getName();
        $value = $sourceProperty->getValue($sourceObject);
        if ($destinationReflection->hasProperty($name)) {
            $propDest = $destinationReflection->getProperty($name);
            $propDest->setAccessible(true);
            $propDest->setValue($destination,$value);
        } else {
            $destination->$name = $value;
        }
    }
    return $destination;
}

EXAMPLE:

class A 
{
  private $_x;   
}

class B 
{
  public $_x;   
}

$a = new A();
$b = new B();

$x = cast('A',$b);
$x = cast('B',$a);

https://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.4/functions-formatting.html

SELECT to_char(date_field, 'DD/MM/YYYY')
FROM table

You can implement the conversion yourself, but I would not recommend that. Take a look at the Decorator Pattern if you want to do this in order to extend the functionality of an existing object.

AFAIK you must reformat your String in ISO format to be able to cast it as a Date:

cast(concat(substr(STR_DMY,7,4), '-',
            substr(STR_DMY,1,2), '-',
            substr(STR_DMY,4,2)
           )
     as date
     ) as DT

To display a Date as a String with specific format, then it's the other way around, unless you have Hive 1.2+ and can use date_format()

=> did you check the documentation by the way?

Swift 5: Use following code

extension Double {

    func getStringValue(withFloatingPoints points: Int = 0) -> String {
        let valDouble = modf(self)
        let fractionalVal = (valDouble.1)
        if fractionalVal > 0 {
            return String(format: "%.*f", points, self)
        }
        return String(format: "%.0f", self)
    }
}

Basically, this will not work out

Format("20130423014854","yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss")

the format function will only work if your string has correct format

Format (#17/04/2004#, "yyyy/mm/dd")

And you need to specify, what datatype of field [Date] is, because I can't put this value 2013-04-23 13:48:54.0 under a General Date field (I use MS access2007). You might want to view this topic: select date in between

You can simply cast to List and then check if every element can be casted to T.

public <T> List<T> asList(final Class<T> clazz) {
    List<T> values = (List<T>) this.value;
    values.forEach(clazz::cast);
    return values;
}

Whole chapter 4 talks about conversions, but I think you should be mostly interested in these :

4.5 Integral promotions [conv.prom]
An rvalue of type char, signed char, unsigned char, short int, or unsigned short int can be converted to an rvalue of type int if int can represent all the values of the source type; other-
wise, the source rvalue can be converted to an rvalue of type unsigned int.
An rvalue of type wchar_t (3.9.1) or an enumeration type (7.2) can be converted to an rvalue of the first
of the following types that can represent all the values of its underlying type: int, unsigned int,
long, or unsigned long.
An rvalue for an integral bit-field (9.6) can be converted to an rvalue of type int if int can represent all
the values of the bit-field; otherwise, it can be converted to unsigned int if unsigned int can rep-
resent all the values of the bit-field. If the bit-field is larger yet, no integral promotion applies to it. If the
bit-field has an enumerated type, it is treated as any other value of that type for promotion purposes.
An rvalue of type bool can be converted to an rvalue of type int, with false becoming zero and true
becoming one.
These conversions are called integral promotions.

4.6 Floating point promotion [conv.fpprom]
An rvalue of type float can be converted to an rvalue of type double. The value is unchanged.
This conversion is called floating point promotion.

Therefore, all conversions involving float - the result is float.

Only the one involving both int - the result is int : int / int = int

Declare it as a static class having public constants:

public static class Question
{
    public const int Role = 2;
    public const int ProjectFunding = 3;
    public const int TotalEmployee = 4;
    public const int NumberOfServers = 5;
    public const int TopBusinessConcern = 6;
}

And then you can reference it as Question.Role, and it always evaluates to an int or whatever you define it as.

unsigned char* is basically a byte array and should be used to represent raw data rather than a string generally. A unicode string would be represented as wchar_t*

According to the C++ standard a reinterpret_cast between unsigned char* and char* is safe as they are the same size and have the same construction and constraints. I try to avoid reintrepret_cast even more so than const_cast in general.

If static cast fails with what you are doing you may want to reconsider your design because frankly if you are using C++ you may want to take advantage of what the "plus plus" part offers and use string classes and STL (aka std::basic_string might work better for you)

cast (field1 as decimal(53,8)
) field 1

The default is: decimal(18,0)

static_cast is the first cast you should attempt to use. It does things like implicit conversions between types (such as int to float, or pointer to void*), and it can also call explicit conversion functions (or implicit ones). In many cases, explicitly stating static_cast isn't necessary, but it's important to note that the T(something) syntax is equivalent to (T)something and should be avoided (more on that later). A T(something, something_else) is safe, however, and guaranteed to call the constructor.

static_cast can also cast through inheritance hierarchies. It is unnecessary when casting upwards (towards a base class), but when casting downwards it can be used as long as it doesn't cast through virtual inheritance. It does not do checking, however, and it is undefined behavior to static_cast down a hierarchy to a type that isn't actually the type of the object.

const_cast can be used to remove or add const to a variable; no other C++ cast is capable of removing it (not even reinterpret_cast). It is important to note that modifying a formerly const value is only undefined if the original variable is const; if you use it to take the const off a reference to something that wasn't declared with const, it is safe. This can be useful when overloading member functions based on const, for instance. It can also be used to add const to an object, such as to call a member function overload.

const_cast also works similarly on volatile, though that's less common.

dynamic_cast is exclusively used for handling polymorphism. You can cast a pointer or reference to any polymorphic type to any other class type (a polymorphic type has at least one virtual function, declared or inherited). You can use it for more than just casting downwards – you can cast sideways or even up another chain. The dynamic_cast will seek out the desired object and return it if possible. If it can't, it will return nullptr in the case of a pointer, or throw std::bad_cast in the case of a reference.

dynamic_cast has some limitations, though. It doesn't work if there are multiple objects of the same type in the inheritance hierarchy (the so-called 'dreaded diamond') and you aren't using virtual inheritance. It also can only go through public inheritance - it will always fail to travel through protected or private inheritance. This is rarely an issue, however, as such forms of inheritance are rare.

reinterpret_cast is the most dangerous cast, and should be used very sparingly. It turns one type directly into another — such as casting the value from one pointer to another, or storing a pointer in an int, or all sorts of other nasty things. Largely, the only guarantee you get with reinterpret_cast is that normally if you cast the result back to the original type, you will get the exact same value (but not if the intermediate type is smaller than the original type). There are a number of conversions that reinterpret_cast cannot do, too. It's used primarily for particularly weird conversions and bit manipulations, like turning a raw data stream into actual data, or storing data in the low bits of a pointer to aligned data.

C-style cast and function-style cast are casts using (type)object or type(object), respectively, and are functionally equivalent. They are defined as the first of the following which succeeds:

• const_cast
• static_cast (though ignoring access restrictions)
• static_cast (see above), then const_cast
• reinterpret_cast
• reinterpret_cast, then const_cast

It can therefore be used as a replacement for other casts in some instances, but can be extremely dangerous because of the ability to devolve into a reinterpret_cast, and the latter should be preferred when explicit casting is needed, unless you are sure static_cast will succeed or reinterpret_cast will fail. Even then, consider the longer, more explicit option.

C-style casts also ignore access control when performing a static_cast, which means that they have the ability to perform an operation that no other cast can. This is mostly a kludge, though, and in my mind is just another reason to avoid C-style casts.

In typescript it is possible to do an instanceof check in an if statement and you will have access to the same variable with the Typed properties.

So let's say MarkerSymbolInfo has a property on it called marker. You can do the following:

if (symbolInfo instanceof MarkerSymbol) {
    // access .marker here
    const marker = symbolInfo.marker
}

It's a nice little trick to get the instance of a variable using the same variable without needing to reassign it to a different variable name.

Check out these two resources for more information:

TypeScript instanceof & JavaScript instanceof

Try this

--Generate number from 2 to 90

;with numcte as(
select 2 as rn
union all
select rn+1 from numcte where rn<90)

--Program that formats the number based on length

select case when LEN(rn) = 1 then '00'+CAST(rn as varchar(10)) else CAST(rn as varchar(10)) end number
from numcte

Partial Output:

number    
002
003
004
005
006
007
008
009
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

The opposite of read is show.

Prelude> show 3
"3"

Prelude> read $ show 3 :: Int
3

Yeah, why not?

double someDouble = 12323.2;
int someInt = (int)someDouble;

Using the Convert class works well too.

int someOtherInt = Convert.ToInt32(someDouble);

Assuming that the program cannot be redesigned to avoid the cast (ref. Keith Thomson's answer):

To cast from size_t to int you need to ensure that the size_t does not exceed the maximum value of the int. This can be done using std::numeric_limits:

int SizeTToInt(size_t data)
{
    if (data > std::numeric_limits<int>::max())
        throw std::exception("Invalid cast.");
    return std::static_cast<int>(data);
}

If you need to cast from size_t to double, and you need to ensure that you don't lose precision, I think you can use a narrow cast (ref. Stroustrup: The C++ Programming Language, Fourth Edition):

template<class Target, class Source>
Target NarrowCast(Source v)
{
    auto r = static_cast<Target>(v);
    if (static_cast<Source>(r) != v)
        throw RuntimeError("Narrow cast failed.");
    return r;
}

I tested using the narrow cast for size_t-to-double conversions by inspecting the limits of the maximum integers floating-point-representable integers (code uses googletest):

EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(NarrowCast<double>(size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() - 2 })), size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() - 2 });
EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(NarrowCast<double>(size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() - 1 })), size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() - 1 });
EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(NarrowCast<double>(size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() })), size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() });
EXPECT_THROW(NarrowCast<double>(size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() + 1 }), std::exception);
EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(NarrowCast<double>(size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() + 2 })), size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() + 2 });
EXPECT_THROW(NarrowCast<double>(size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() + 3 }), std::exception);
EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(NarrowCast<double>(size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() + 4 })), size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() + 4 });
EXPECT_THROW(NarrowCast<double>(size_t{ IntegerRepresentableBoundary() + 5 }), std::exception);

where

constexpr size_t IntegerRepresentableBoundary()
{
    static_assert(std::numeric_limits<double>::radix == 2, "Method only valid for binary floating point format.");
    return size_t{2} << (std::numeric_limits<double>::digits - 1);
}

That is, if N is the number of digits in the mantissa, for doubles smaller than or equal to 2^N, integers can be exactly represented. For doubles between 2^N and 2^(N+1), every other integer can be exactly represented. For doubles between 2^(N+1) and 2^(N+2) every fourth integer can be exactly represented, and so on.

You could use

System.out.printf("%4.2f%n", ((float)12345)/100));

As per the comments, 12345/100.0 would be better, as would the use of double instead of float.

I think it is telling you exactly what is wrong. You cannot compare an integer with a varchar. PostgreSQL is strict and does not do any magic typecasting for you. I'm guessing SQLServer does typecasting automagically (which is a bad thing).

If you want to compare these two different beasts, you will have to cast one to the other using the casting syntax ::.

Something along these lines:

create view view1
as 
select table1.col1,table2.col1,table3.col3
from table1 
inner join
table2 
inner join 
table3
on 
table1.col4::varchar = table2.col5
/* Here col4 of table1 is of "integer" type and col5 of table2 is of type "varchar" */
/* ERROR: operator does not exist: integer = character varying */
....;

Notice the varchar typecasting on the table1.col4.

Also note that typecasting might possibly render your index on that column unusable and has a performance penalty, which is pretty bad. An even better solution would be to see if you can permanently change one of the two column types to match the other one. Literately change your database design.

Or you could create a index on the casted values by using a custom, immutable function which casts the values on the column. But this too may prove suboptimal (but better than live casting).

Try this for Dynamic Casting. It will work!!!

    String something = "1234";
    String theType = "java.lang.Integer";
    Class<?> theClass = Class.forName(theType);
    Constructor<?> cons = theClass.getConstructor(String.class);
    Object ob =  cons.newInstance(something);
    System.out.println(ob.equals(1234));

Use TRY_CONVERT which is an SQL alternative to TryParse in .NET. IsNumeric() isn’t aware that empty strings are counted as (integer)zero, and that some perfectly valid money symbols, by themselves, are not converted to (money)zero. reference

SELECT @MY_VAR = CASE WHEN TRY_CONVERT(INT,MY_FIELD) IS NOT NULL THEN MY_FIELD
                 ELSE 0
                 END
FROM MY_TABLE
WHERE MY_OTHER_FIELD = 'MY_FILTER'

I didn't like any of the above answers because none of them correctly handle the mixture of strings/numbers that can be values in TypeScript enums.

The following function follows the semantics of TypeScript enums to give a proper Map of keys to values. From there, getting an array of objects or just the keys or just the values is trivial.

/**
 * Converts the given enum to a map of the keys to the values.
 * @param enumeration The enum to convert to a map.
 */
function enumToMap(enumeration: any): Map<string, string | number> {
  const map = new Map<string, string | number>();
  for (let key in enumeration) {
      //TypeScript does not allow enum keys to be numeric
      if (!isNaN(Number(key))) continue;

      const val = enumeration[key] as string | number;

      //TypeScript does not allow enum value to be null or undefined
      if (val !== undefined && val !== null)
          map.set(key, val);
  }

  return map;
}

Example Usage:

enum Dog {
    Rover = 1,
    Lassie = "Collie",
    Fido = 3,
    Cody = "Mutt",
}

let map = enumToMap(Dog); //Map of keys to values

let objs = Array.from(map.entries()).map(m => ({id: m[1], name: m[0]})); //Objects as asked for in OP
let entries = Array.from(map.entries()); //Array of each entry
let keys = Array.from(map.keys()); //An array of keys
let values = Array.from(map.values()); //An array of values

I'll also point out that the OP is thinking of enums backwards. The "key" in the enum is technically on the left hand side and the value is on the right hand side. TypeScript allows you to repeat the values on the RHS as much as you'd like.

You have a pointer to a char. So as your system knows, on that memory address there is a char value on sizeof(char) space. When you cast it up to int*, you will work with data of sizeof(int), so you will print your char and some memory-garbage after it as an integer.

You can implicitly convert between numerical types, even when that loses precision:

char c = i;

However, you might like to enable compiler warnings to avoid potentially lossy conversions like this. If you do, then use static_cast for the conversion.

Of the other casts:

• dynamic_cast only works for pointers or references to polymorphic class types;
• const_cast can't change types, only const or volatile qualifiers;
• reinterpret_cast is for special circumstances, converting between pointers or references and completely unrelated types. Specifically, it won't do numeric conversions.
• C-style and function-style casts do whatever combination of static_cast, const_cast and reinterpret_cast is needed to get the job done.

You can use an extension method.

public static class Extensions
{

    public static T ToEnum<T>(this string data) where T : struct
    {
        if (!Enum.TryParse(data, true, out T enumVariable))
        {
            if (Enum.IsDefined(typeof(T), enumVariable))
            {
                return enumVariable;
            }
        }

        return default;
    }

    public static T ToEnum<T>(this int data) where T : struct
    {
        return (T)Enum.ToObject(typeof(T), data);
    }
}

Use it like the below code:

Enum:

public enum DaysOfWeeks
{
    Monday = 1,
    Tuesday = 2,
    Wednesday = 3,
    Thursday = 4,
    Friday = 5,
    Saturday = 6,
    Sunday = 7,
}

Usage:

 string Monday = "Mon";
 int Wednesday = 3;
 var Mon = Monday.ToEnum<DaysOfWeeks>();
 var Wed = Wednesday.ToEnum<DaysOfWeeks>();

You will also get this error if you have a generic declaration for both your class and your method. For example the code shown below gives this compile error.

public class Foo <T> {

    T var;

    public <T> void doSomething(Class <T> cls) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
        this.var = cls.newInstance();
    }

}

This code does compile (note T removed from method declaration):

public class Foo <T> {

    T var;

    public void doSomething(Class <T> cls) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
        this.var = cls.newInstance();
    }

}

First you have some data in a specific type like int here:

int x = 0x7fffffff://==nan in binary representation

Then you want to access the same variable as an other type like float: You can decide between

float y = reinterpret_cast<float&>(x);

//this could only be used in cpp, looks like a function with template-parameters

or

float y = *(float*)&(x);

//this could be used in c and cpp

BRIEF: it means that the same memory is used as a different type. So you could convert binary representations of floats as int type like above to floats. 0x80000000 is -0 for example (the mantissa and exponent are null but the sign, the msb, is one. This also works for doubles and long doubles.

OPTIMIZE: I think reinterpret_cast would be optimized in many compilers, while the c-casting is made by pointerarithmetic (the value must be copied to the memory, cause pointers couldn't point to cpu- registers).

NOTE: In both cases you should save the casted value in a variable before cast! This macro could help:

#define asvar(x) ({decltype(x) __tmp__ = (x); __tmp__; })

Try this:

select CONVERT(datetime, convert(varchar(10), 20120103))

Null comparison is MUCH faster than throwing and catching exception. Exceptions have significant overhead - stack trace must be assembled etc.

Exceptions should represent an unexpected state, which often doesn't represent the situation (which is when as works better).

1.

 if(1 == @$manta_option['iso_format_recent_works']){
      $theme_img = 'recent_works_thumbnail';
 } else {
      $theme_img = 'recent_works_iso_thumbnail';
 }

2.

if(isset($manta_option['iso_format_recent_works']) && 1 == $manta_option['iso_format_recent_works']){
    $theme_img = 'recent_works_thumbnail';
} else {
    $theme_img = 'recent_works_iso_thumbnail';
}

3.

if (!empty($manta_option['iso_format_recent_works']) && $manta_option['iso_format_recent_works'] == 1){
}
else{
}

To make it all inline (non-recursive):

{str(k):(str(v) if isinstance(v, unicode) else v) for k,v in my_dict.items()}

1. #include <stdint.h>
2. Use uintptr_t standard type defined in the included standard header file.

You can also use C's lroundf(myFloat).

An incredibly useful tip: In Xcode's editor, type your code as say

myInt = roundf(someFloat);

then control/right-click on roundf and Jump to definition (or simply command-click).

You will then clearly see the very long list of the functions available to you. (It's impossible to remember them all, so just use this trick.)

For example, in the example at hand it's likely that lrintf is what you want.

A further tip: to get documentation on those many functions. In your Terminal.app (or any shell - nothing to do with Xcode, just the normal Terminal.app) simply type man lrintf and it will give you full info. Hope it helps someone.

In general suppressing warnings is not the best solution as you may want to be warned when some unexpected input will be provided.
Solution below is wrapper for maintaining just NA during data type conversion. Doesn't require any package.

as.num = function(x, na.strings = "NA") {
    stopifnot(is.character(x))
    na = x %in% na.strings
    x[na] = 0
    x = as.numeric(x)
    x[na] = NA_real_
    x
}
as.num(c("1", "2", "X"), na.strings="X")
#[1]  1  2 NA

In oracle db there is a trick for casting int to float (I suppose, it should also work in mysql):

select myintfield + 0.0 as myfloatfield from mytable

While @Heximal's answer works, I don't personally recommend it.

This is because it uses implicit casting. Although you didn't type CAST, either the SUM() or the 0.0 need to be cast to be the same data-types, before the + can happen. In this case the order of precedence is in your favour, and you get a float on both sides, and a float as a result of the +. But SUM(aFloatField) + 0 does not yield an INT, because the 0 is being implicitly cast to a FLOAT.

I find that in most programming cases, it is much preferable to be explicit. Don't leave things to chance, confusion, or interpretation.

If you want to be explicit, I would use the following.

CAST(SUM(sl.parts) AS FLOAT) * cp.price
-- using MySQL CAST FLOAT  requires 8.0

You can try the following to see what happens...

CAST(SUM(sl.parts) AS NUMERIC(10,4)) * CAST(cp.price AS NUMERIC(10,4))

You can just do a cast

int val1 = 1;
float val2 = (float)val1;

or

decimal val3 = 3;
float val4 = (float)val3;

There's no proper way to cast this to int in general case. C99 standard library provides intptr_t and uintptr_t typedefs, which are supposed to be used whenever the need to perform such a cast comes about. If your standard library (even if it is not C99) happens to provide these types - use them. If not, check the pointer size on your platform, define these typedefs accordingly yourself and use them.

The warning comes from the fact that you're dereferencing src in the assignment. The expression *src has type char, which is an integral type. The expression "anotherstring" has type char [14], which in this particular context is implicitly converted to type char *, and its value is the address of the first character in the array. So, you wind up trying to assign a pointer value to an integral type, hence the warning. Drop the * from *src, and it should work as expected:

src = "anotherstring";

since the type of src is char *.

You only need to parse String values using Double

String someValue= "52.23";
Double doubleVal = Double.parseDouble(someValue);
System.out.println(doubleVal);

As @Quentin and @Pointy pointed out in their comments, it's not a good idea to use parseInt() because it is designed to convert a string to an integer. When you pass a decimal number to it, it first converts the number to a string, then casts it to an integer. I suggest you use Math.trunc(), Math.floor(), ~~num, ~~v , num | 0, num << 0, or num >> 0 depending on your needs. This performance test demonstrates the difference in parseInt() and Math.floor() performance. Also, this post explains the difference between the proposed methods.

String to byte array: "FooBar".split('').map(c => c.charCodeAt(0));

Byte array to string: [102, 111, 111, 98, 97, 114].map(c => String.fromCharCode(c)).join('');

Math.floor(n)

where n is a double. This'll actually return a double, it seems, so make sure that you typecast it after.

That number indicates Date and Time Styles

You need to look at CAST and CONVERT (Transact-SQL). Here you can find the meaning of all these Date and Time Styles.

Styles with century (e.g. 100, 101 etc) means year will come in yyyy format. While styles without century (e.g. 1,7,10) means year will come in yy format.

You can also refer to SQL Server Date Formats. Here you can find all date formats with examples.

str.isnumeric()

Return True if all characters in the string are numeric characters, and there is at least one character, False otherwise. Numeric characters include digit characters, and all characters that have the Unicode numeric value property, e.g. U+2155, VULGAR FRACTION ONE FIFTH. Formally, numeric characters are those with the property value Numeric_Type=Digit, Numeric_Type=Decimal or Numeric_Type=Numeric.

str.isdecimal()

Return True if all characters in the string are decimal characters and there is at least one character, False otherwise. Decimal characters are those that can be used to form numbers in base 10, e.g. U+0660, ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ZERO. Formally a decimal character is a character in the Unicode General Category “Nd”.

Both available for string types from Python 3.0.

As many others have answered, No.

I use the following code on those unfortunate occasions when I need to use a base type as a derived type. Yes it is a violation of the Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) and yes most of the time we favor composition over inheritance. Props to Markus Knappen Johansson whose original answer this is based upon.

This code in the base class:

    public T As<T>()
    {
        var type = typeof(T);
        var instance = Activator.CreateInstance(type);

        if (type.BaseType != null)
        {
            var properties = type.BaseType.GetProperties();
            foreach (var property in properties)
                if (property.CanWrite)
                    property.SetValue(instance, property.GetValue(this, null), null);
        }

        return (T) instance;
    }

Allows:

    derivedObject = baseObect.As<derivedType>()

Since it uses reflection, it is "expensive". Use accordingly.

int(limit) returns the value converted into an integer, and doesn't change it in place as you call the function (which is what you are expecting it to).

Do this instead:

limit = int(limit)

Or when definiting limit:

if 'limit' in user_data :
    limit = int(user_data['limit'])

You can convert Float to Int in Swift like this:

var myIntValue:Int = Int(myFloatValue)
println "My value is \(myIntValue)"

You can also achieve this result with @paulm's comment:

var myIntValue = Int(myFloatValue)

import org.apache.commons.lang3.BooleanUtils;
boolean x = true;   
int y= BooleanUtils.toInteger(x);

If the Object was originally been instantiated as an Integer, then you can downcast it to an int using the cast operator (Subtype).

Object object = new Integer(10);
int i = (Integer) object;

_{Note that this only works when you're using at least Java 1.5 with autoboxing feature, otherwise you have to declare i as Integer instead and then call intValue() on it.}

But if it initially wasn't created as an Integer at all, then you can't downcast like that. It would result in a ClassCastException with the original classname in the message. If the object's toString() representation as obtained by String#valueOf() denotes a syntactically valid integer number (e.g. digits only, if necessary with a minus sign in front), then you can use Integer#valueOf() or new Integer() for this.

Object object = "10";
int i = Integer.valueOf(String.valueOf(object));

See also:

• Inheritance and casting tutorial

CREATE TABLE sometable (t TIMESTAMP, d DATE);
INSERT INTO sometable SELECT '2011/05/26 09:00:00';
UPDATE sometable SET d = t; -- OK
-- UPDATE sometable SET d = t::date; OK
-- UPDATE sometable SET d = CAST (t AS date); OK
-- UPDATE sometable SET d = date(t); OK
SELECT * FROM sometable ;
          t          |     d      
---------------------+------------
 2011-05-26 09:00:00 | 2011-05-26
(1 row)

Another test kit:

SELECT pg_catalog.date(t) FROM sometable;
    date    
------------
 2011-05-26
(1 row)

SHOW datestyle ;
 DateStyle 
-----------
 ISO, MDY
(1 row)

String source = "24/10/17";

String[] sourceSplit= source.split("/");

int anno= Integer.parseInt(sourceSplit[2]);
int mese= Integer.parseInt(sourceSplit[1]);
int giorno= Integer.parseInt(sourceSplit[0]);

    GregorianCalendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar();
  calendar.set(anno,mese-1,giorno);
  Date   data1= calendar.getTime();
  SimpleDateFormat myFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("20yy-MM-dd");

    String   dayFormatted= myFormat.format(data1);

    System.out.println("data formattata,-->"+dayFormatted);

You only use the M for a numeric literal, when you cast it's just:

decimal dtot = (decimal)doubleTotal;

Note that a floating point number is not suited to keep an exact value, so if you first add numbers together and then convert to Decimal you may get rounding errors. You may want to convert the numbers to Decimal before adding them together, or make sure that the numbers aren't floating point numbers in the first place.

You can do it like:

change_column :table_name, :column_name, 'integer USING CAST(column_name AS integer)'

or try this:

change_column :table_name, :column_name, :integer, using: 'column_name::integer'

If you are interested to find more about this topic read this article: https://kolosek.com/rails-change-database-column

If you already know what type it can cast to, use a C-style cast:

var o = (string) iKnowThisIsAString; 

Note that only with a C-style cast can you perform explicit type coercion.

If you don't know whether it's the desired type and you're going to use it if it is, use as keyword:

var s = o as string;
if (s != null) return s.Replace("_","-");

//or for early return:
if (s==null) return;

Note that as will not call any type conversion operators. It will only be non-null if the object is not null and natively of the specified type.

Use ToString() to get a human-readable string representation of any object, even if it can't cast to string.

You have to use a Class instance because of the generic type erasure during compilation.

public static <T> T convertInstanceOfObject(Object o, Class<T> clazz) {
    try {
        return clazz.cast(o);
    } catch(ClassCastException e) {
        return null;
    }
}

The declaration of that method is:

public T cast(Object o)

This can also be used for array types. It would look like this:

final Class<int[]> intArrayType = int[].class;
final Object someObject = new int[]{1,2,3};
final int[] instance = convertInstanceOfObject(someObject, intArrayType);

Note that when someObject is passed to convertToInstanceOfObject it has the compile time type Object.

Subtle point here...

There is an implicit typecast for i+j when j is a double and i is an int. Java ALWAYS converts an integer into a double when there is an operation between them.

To clarify i+=j where i is an integer and j is a double can be described as

i = <int>(<double>i + j)

See: this description of implicit casting

You might want to typecast j to (int) in this case for clarity.

The casting of malloc is unnecessary in C but mandatory in C++.

Casting is unnecessary in C because of:

• void * is automatically and safely promoted to any other pointer type in the case of C.
• It can hide an error if you forgot to include <stdlib.h>. This can cause crashes.
• If pointers and integers are differently sized, then you're hiding a warning by casting and might lose bits of your returned address.
• If the type of the pointer is changed at its declaration, one may also need to change all lines where malloc is called and cast.

On the other hand, casting may increase the portability of your program. i.e, it allows a C program or function to compile as C++.

int i = 65;
char c = Convert.ToChar(i);

Use the "+" symbol to cast a string to a number.

window.location.hash = +page_number;

You can provide an explicit overload for the cast operator:

public static explicit operator maincs(sub1 val)
{
    var ret = new maincs() { a = val.a, b = val.b, c = val.c };
    return ret;
}

Another option would be to use an interface that has the a, b, and c properties and implement the interface on both of the classes. Then just have the parameter type to methoda be the interface instead of the class.

In regards to the octal misinterpretation of .js - I just used this...

parseInt(parseFloat(nv))

and after testing with leading zeros, came back everytime with the correct representation.

hope this helps.

Try MyEnum.values()[x] where x must be 0 or 1, i.e. a valid ordinal for that enum.

Note that in Java enums actually are classes (and enum values thus are objects) and thus you can't cast an int or even Integer to an enum.

my_var = (int)my_var;

As simple as that. Basically you don't need it if the variable is int.

You need to call ParseExact, which parses a date that exactly matches a format that you supply.

For example:

DateTime date = DateTime.ParseExact(this.Text, "dd/MM/yyyy", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);

The IFormatProvider parameter specifies the culture to use to parse the date.
Unless your string comes from the user, you should pass CultureInfo.InvariantCulture.
If the string does come from the user, you should pass CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, which will use the settings that the user specified in Regional Options in Control Panel.

You declare parent as Parent, so java will provide only methods and attributes of the Parent class.

Child child = new Child();

should work. Or

Parent child = new Child();
((Child)child).salary = 1;

Use the INTERVAL type to it. E.g:

--yesterday
SELECT NOW() - INTERVAL '1 DAY';

--Unrelated to the question, but PostgreSQL also supports some shortcuts:
SELECT 'yesterday'::TIMESTAMP, 'tomorrow'::TIMESTAMP, 'allballs'::TIME;

Then you can do the following on your query:

SELECT 
    org_id,
    count(accounts) AS COUNT,
    ((date_at) - INTERVAL '1 DAY') AS dateat
FROM 
    sourcetable
WHERE 
    date_at <= now() - INTERVAL '130 DAYS'
GROUP BY 
    org_id,
    dateat;

TIPS

Tip 1

You can append multiple operands. E.g.: how to get last day of current month?

SELECT date_trunc('MONTH', CURRENT_DATE) + INTERVAL '1 MONTH - 1 DAY';

Tip 2

You can also create an interval using make_interval function, useful when you need to create it at runtime (not using literals):

SELECT make_interval(days => 10 + 2);
SELECT make_interval(days => 1, hours => 2);
SELECT make_interval(0, 1, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0.0);

More info:

Date/Time Functions and Operators

datatype-datetime (Especial values).

Here's another way to force a type-cast even between incompatible types and interfaces where TS compiler normally complains:

export function forceCast<T>(input: any): T {

  // ... do runtime checks here

  // @ts-ignore <-- forces TS compiler to compile this as-is
  return input;
}

Then you can use it to force cast objects to a certain type:

import { forceCast } from './forceCast';

const randomObject: any = {};
const typedObject = forceCast<IToDoDto>(randomObject);

Note that I left out the part you are supposed to do runtime checks before casting for the sake of reducing complexity. What I do in my project is compiling all my .d.ts interface files into JSON schemas and using ajv to validate in runtime.

A class cast exception is thrown by Java when you try to cast an Object of one data type to another.

Java allows us to cast variables of one type to another as long as the casting happens between compatible data types.

For example you can cast a String as an Object and similarly an Object that contains String values can be cast to a String.

Example

Let us assume we have an HashMap that holds a number of ArrayList objects.

If we write code like this:

String obj = (String) hmp.get(key);

it would throw a class cast exception, because the value returned by the get method of the hash map would be an Array list, but we are trying to cast it to a String. This would cause the exception.

You can use:

select VARCHAR_FORMAT(creationdate, 'MM/DD/YYYY') from table name

Because (a.y - b.y) is probably less then (a.x - b.x) and in your code the casting is done after the divide operation so the result is an integer so 0.

You should cast to float before the / operation

In my case I had to do this, because none of the suggested solutions were available:

List<SubProduct> subProducts = Model.subproduct.Cast<SubProduct>().ToList();

More than code in C, I think that an english definition could be enough:

Given a class Base of which there is a derived class Derived, dynamic_cast will convert a Base pointer to a Derived pointer if and only if the actual object pointed at is in fact a Derived object.

class Base { virtual ~Base() {} };
class Derived : public Base {};
class Derived2 : public Base {};
class ReDerived : public Derived {};

void test( Base & base )
{
   dynamic_cast<Derived&>(base);
}

int main() {
   Base b;
   Derived d;
   Derived2 d2;
   ReDerived rd;

   test( b );   // throw: b is not a Derived object
   test( d );   // ok
   test( d2 );  // throw: d2 is not a Derived object
   test( rd );  // ok: rd is a ReDerived, and thus a derived object
}

In the example, the call to test binds different objects to a reference to Base. Internally the reference is downcasted to a reference to Derived in a typesafe way: the downcast will succeed only for those cases where the referenced object is indeed an instance of Derived.

As explained in short C# (but also for other language compilers as well, like Java)

There is a predefined implicit conversion from short to int, long, float, double, or decimal.

You cannot implicitly convert nonliteral numeric types of larger storage size to short (see Integral Types Table for the storage sizes of integral types). Consider, for example, the following two short variables x and y:

short x = 5, y = 12;

The following assignment statement will produce a compilation error, because the arithmetic expression on the right-hand side of the assignment operator evaluates to int by default.

short z = x + y;   // Error: no conversion from int to short

To fix this problem, use a cast:

short z = (short)(x + y);   // OK: explicit conversion

It is possible though to use the following statements, where the destination variable has the same storage size or a larger storage size:

int m = x + y;
long n = x + y;

A good follow-up question is:

"why arithmetic expression on the right-hand side of the assignment operator evaluates to int by default" ?

A first answer can be found in:

Classifying and Formally Verifying Integer Constant Folding

The Java language specification defines exactly how integer numbers are represented and how integer arithmetic expressions are to be evaluated. This is an important property of Java as this programming language has been designed to be used in distributed applications on the Internet. A Java program is required to produce the same result independently of the target machine executing it.

In contrast, C (and the majority of widely-used imperative and object-oriented programming languages) is more sloppy and leaves many important characteristics open. The intention behind this inaccurate language specification is clear. The same C programs are supposed to run on a 16-bit, 32-bit, or even 64-bit architecture by instantiating the integer arithmetics of the source programs with the arithmetic operations built-in in the target processor. This leads to much more e?cient code because it can use the available machine operations directly. As long as the integer computations deal only with numbers being “sufficiently small”, no inconsistencies will arise.

In this sense, the C integer arithmetic is a placeholder which is not defined exactly by the programming language specification but is only completely instantiated by determining the target machine.

Java precisely defines how integers are represented and how integer arithmetic is to be computed.

      Java Integers
--------------------------
Signed         |  Unsigned
--------------------------
long  (64-bit) |
int   (32-bit) |
short (16-bit) |  char (16-bit)
byte  (8-bit)  |

Char is the only unsigned integer type. Its values represent Unicode characters, from \u0000 to \uffff, i.e. from 0 to 2¹⁶-1.

If an integer operator has an operand of type long, then the other operand is also converted to type long. Otherwise the operation is performed on operands of type int, if necessary shorter operands are converted into int. The conversion rules are exactly specified.

[From Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 82 No. 2 (2003)
Blesner-Blech-COCV 2003: Sabine GLESNER, Jan Olaf BLECH,
Fakultät für Informatik,
Universität Karlsruhe
Karlsruhe, Germany]

Because theoretically Animal animal can be a dog:

Animal animal = new Dog();

Generally, downcasting is not a good idea. You should avoid it. If you use it, you better include a check:

if (animal instanceof Dog) {
    Dog dog = (Dog) animal;
}

What's wrong with casting primitives?

If you don't want to cast for some reason, you could do

double d = num * 1.0 / denom;

Does this work for you?

interface IMessage
{
    void Process(object source);
}

class LoginMessage : IMessage
{
    public void Process(object source)
    {
    }
}

abstract class MessageProcessor
{
    public abstract void ProcessMessage(object source, object type);
}

class MessageProcessor<T> : MessageProcessor where T: IMessage
{
    public override void ProcessMessage(object source, object o) 
    {
        if (!(o is T)) {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        ProcessMessage(source, (T)o);
    }

    public void ProcessMessage(object source, T type)
    {
        type.Process(source);
    }
}


class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Dictionary<Type, MessageProcessor> messageProcessors = new Dictionary<Type, MessageProcessor>();
        messageProcessors.Add(typeof(string), new MessageProcessor<LoginMessage>());
        LoginMessage message = new LoginMessage();
        Type key = message.GetType();
        MessageProcessor processor = messageProcessors[key];
        object source = null;
        processor.ProcessMessage(source, message);
    }
}

This gives you the correct object. The only thing I am not sure about is whether it is enough in your case to have it as an abstract MessageProcessor.

Edit: I added an IMessage interface. The actual processing code should now become part of the different message classes that should all implement this interface.

You can use a double cast.

return (List<Customer>) (List) getList();

The question is bigger than just using wither static_cast or C style casting because there are different things that happen when using C style casts. The C++ casting operators are intended to make these operations more explicit.

On the surface static_cast and C style casts appear to the same thing, for example when casting one value to another:

int i;
double d = (double)i;                  //C-style cast
double d2 = static_cast<double>( i );  //C++ cast

Both of these cast the integer value to a double. However when working with pointers things get more complicated. some examples:

class A {};
class B : public A {};

A* a = new B;
B* b = (B*)a;                                  //(1) what is this supposed to do?

char* c = (char*)new int( 5 );                 //(2) that weird?
char* c1 = static_cast<char*>( new int( 5 ) ); //(3) compile time error

In this example (1) maybe OK because the object pointed to by A is really an instance of B. But what if you don't know at that point in code what a actually points to? (2) maybe perfectly legal(you only want to look at one byte of the integer), but it could also be a mistake in which case an error would be nice, like (3). The C++ casting operators are intended to expose these issues in the code by providing compile-time or run-time errors when possible.

So, for strict "value casting" you can use static_cast. If you want run-time polymorphic casting of pointers use dynamic_cast. If you really want to forget about types, you can use reintrepret_cast. And to just throw const out the window there is const_cast.

They just make the code more explicit so that it looks like you know what you were doing.

Some explain from C++Primer 5th Page 35

If we assign an out-of-range value to an object of unsigned type, the result is the remainder of the value modulo the number of values the target type can hold.

For example, an 8-bit unsigned char can hold values from 0 through 255, inclusive. If we assign a value outside the range, the compiler assigns the remainder of that value modulo 256.

unsigned char c = -1; // assuming 8-bit chars, c has value 255

If we assign an out-of-range value to an object of signed type, the result is undefined. The program might appear to work, it might crash, or it might produce garbage values.

Page 160: If any operand is an unsigned type, the type to which the operands are converted depends on the relative sizes of the integral types on the machine.

... When the signedness differs and the type of the unsigned operand is the same as or larger than that of the signed operand, the signed operand is converted to unsigned.

The remaining case is when the signed operand has a larger type than the unsigned operand. In this case, the result is machine dependent. If all values in the unsigned type fit in the large type, then the unsigned operand is converted to the signed type. If the values don't fit, then the signed operand is converted to the unsigned type.

For example, if the operands are long and unsigned int, and int and long have the same size, the length will be converted to unsigned int. If the long type has more bits, then the unsigned int will be converted to long.

I found reading this book is very helpful.

Jon Skeet is correct. Here is the Nul Device Driver page in the Windows Embedded documentation (I have no idea why it's not somewhere else...).

Here is another:

• The null device in the registry
• Special file names
• More on file naming

Mostly for my own reference, here's how you get it from a private key generated by ssh-keygen

openssl rsa -text -noout -in ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Of course, this only works with the private key.

You'll need to use System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(number of milliseconds).

WebBrowser1.Document.Window.DomWindow.execscript("checkPasswordConfirm();","JavaScript")

Threading.Thread.Sleep(500) ' 500 milliseconds = 0.5 seconds

Dim allelements As HtmlElementCollection = WebBrowser1.Document.All
For Each webpageelement As HtmlElement In allelements
    If webpageelement.InnerText = "Sign Up" Then
        webpageelement.InvokeMember("click")
    End If
Next

It should be something like...

<xsl:if test="contains($hhref, '1234')">

(not tested)

See w3schools (always a good reference BTW)

Please find the code in jsFiddle. It uses jQuery to modify the href of the link. You can use any other library in its place. It should work.

HTML

<a id="emailLnk" href="#">
    <img src="http://ssl.gstatic.com/gb/images/j_e6a6aca6.png">
</a>

JS

$(document).ready(function() {
    $("#emailLnk").attr('href',"mailto:[email protected]");
});?

UPDATE

Another code sample, if the id is known only during the click event

$(document).ready(function() {
    $("#emailLnk").click(function()
     {
         window.location.href = "mailto:[email protected]";
     });
});?

If iframe's source is an external domain, browsers will hide the iframe contents (Same Origin Policy). A workaround is saving the external contents in a file, for example (in PHP):

<?php
    $contents = file_get_contents($external_url);
    $res = file_put_contents($filename, $contents);
?>

then, get the new file content (string) and parse it to html, for example (in jquery):

$.get(file_url, function(string){
    var html = $.parseHTML(string);
    var contents = $(html).contents();
},'html');

Try to minimize the use of <br> as much as you possibly can. HTML is supposed to carry content and structure, <br> is neither. A simple workaround is to wrap your input elements in <p> elements, like so:

<form name="publish" id="publish" action="publishprocess.php" method="post">

    <p><input type="text" id="title" name="title" size="60" maxlength="110" value="<?php echo $title ?>" /> - Title</p>
    <p><input type="text" id="contact" name="contact" size="24" maxlength="30" value="<?php echo $contact ?>" /> - Contact</p>

    <p>Task description (you may include task description, requirements on bidders, time requirements, etc):</p>
    <p><textarea name="detail" id="detail" rows="7" cols="60" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><?php echo $detail ?></textarea></p>

    <p><input type="text" id="price" name="price" size="10" maxlength="20" value="<?php echo $price ?>" /> - Price</p>

    <p><input class="tagvalidate" type="text" id="tag" name="tag" size="40" maxlength="60" value="<?php echo $tag ?>" /> - Skill or Knowledge Tags</p>
    <p>Combine multiple words into single-words, space to separate up to 3 tags (example:photoshop quantum-physics computer-programming)</p>

    <p>District Restriction:<?php echo $locationtext.$cityname; ?></p>

    <p><input type="submit" id="submit" value="Submit" /></p>
</form>

The other method is to use the org.mockito.internal.matchers.Equals.Equals method instead of redefining one :

verify(myMock).myMethod((inputObject)Mockito.argThat(new Equals(inputObjectWanted)));

Suppose you want to compare a column A and column H in a same spreadsheet .

You need to go another column next to these 2 columns and paste this formula : =(Sheet1!A:A=Sheet1!H:H) this will display FALSE or TRUE in the column . So you can use this new column to color the non matching values using conditional color formatting feature .

You can use the concept of selector. onFocus removes the hint.

android:hint="Email"

So when TextView has focus, or has user input (i.e. not empty) the hint will not display.

You CAN add on click to dynamically created elements. Example below. Using a When to make sure its done. In my example, i'm grabbing a div with the class expand, adding a "click to see more" span, then using that span to hide/show the original div.

$.when($(".expand").before("<span class='clickActivate'>Click to see more</span>")).then(function(){
    $(".clickActivate").click(function(){
        $(this).next().toggle();
    })
});

If you have properties specific to the view, and not related to the DB/Service/Data store, it is a good practice to use ViewModels. Say, you want to leave a checkbox selected based on a DB field (or two) but the DB field itself isn't a boolean. While it is possible to create these properties in the Model itself and keep it hidden from the binding to data, you may not want to clutter the Model depending on the amount of such fields and transactions.

If there are too few view-specific data and/or transformations, you can use the Model itself

You can specify a time zone offset on new Date(), for example:

new Date('Feb 28 2013 19:00:00 EST')

or

new Date('Feb 28 2013 19:00:00 GMT-0500')

Since Date store UTC time ( i.e. getTime returns in UTC ), javascript will them convert the time into UTC, and when you call things like toString javascript will convert the UTC time into browser's local timezone and return the string in local timezone, i.e. If I'm using UTC+8:

> new Date('Feb 28 2013 19:00:00 GMT-0500').toString()
< "Fri Mar 01 2013 08:00:00 GMT+0800 (CST)"

Also you can use normal getHours/Minute/Second method:

> new Date('Feb 28 2013 19:00:00 GMT-0500').getHours()
< 8

( This 8 means after the time is converted into my local time - UTC+8, the hours number is 8. )

You need to make sure the standalone ChromeDriver binary (which is different than the Chrome browser binary) is either in your path or available in the webdriver.chrome.driver environment variable.

see http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver for full information on how wire things up.

Edit:

Right, seems to be a bug in the Python bindings wrt reading the chromedriver binary from the path or the environment variable. Seems if chromedriver is not in your path you have to pass it in as an argument to the constructor.

import os
from selenium import webdriver

chromedriver = "/Users/adam/Downloads/chromedriver"
os.environ["webdriver.chrome.driver"] = chromedriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chromedriver)
driver.get("http://stackoverflow.com")
driver.quit()

The container div, and sometimes content div, are almost always used to allow for more sophisticated CSS styling. The body tag is special in some ways. Browsers don't treat it like a normal div; its position and dimensions are tied to the browser window.

But a container div is just a div and you can style it with margins and borders. You can give it a fixed width, and you can center it with margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto.

Plus, content, like a copyright notice for example, can go on the outside of the container div, but it can't go on the outside of the body, allowing for content on the outside of a border.

 DataSet ds = new DataSet();

 DataTable dt = new DataTable("MyTable");
 dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("id",typeof(int)));
 dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("name", typeof(string)));

 DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
 dr["id"] = 123;
 dr["name"] = "John";
 dt.Rows.Add(dr);
 ds.Tables.Add(dt);

On unix and linux there is the file command to guess file types. There's even a windows port.

From the man page:

File tests each argument in an attempt to classify it. There are three sets of tests, performed in this order: filesystem tests, magic number tests, and language tests. The first test that succeeds causes the file type to be printed.

You would need to run the file command with the subprocess module and then parse the results to figure out an extension.

edit: Ignore my answer. Use Chris Johnson's answer instead.

You could can use git rebase to rewrite the commit history. This can be potentially destructive to your changes, so use with care.

First commit your "amend" change as a normal commit. Then do an interactive rebase starting on the parent of your oldest commit

git rebase -i 47175e84c2cb7e47520f7dde824718eae3624550^

This will fire up your editor with all commits. Reorder them so your "amend" commit comes below the one you want to amend. Then replace the first word on the line with the "amend" commit with s which will combine (s quash) it with the commit before. Save and exit your editor and follow the instructions.

When dialing a number within the country you are in, you still need to dial the national trunk number before the rest of the number. For example, in Australia one would dial:

   0 - trunk prefix
   2 - Area code for New South Wales
6555 - STD code for a specific telephone exchange
1234 - Telephone Exchange specific extension.

For a mobile phone this becomes

   0 -      trunk prefix
   4 -      Area code for a mobile telephone
1234 5678 - Mobile telephone number

Now, when I want to dial via the international trunk, you need to drop the trunk prefix and replace it with the international dialing prefix

   + -      Short hand for the country trunk number
  61 -      Country code for Australia
   4 -      Area code for a mobile telephone
1234 5678 - Mobile telephone number

This is why you often find that the first digit of a telephone number is dropped when dialling internationally, even when using international prefixing to dial within the same country.

So as per the trunk prefix for Germany drop the 0 and add the +49 for Germany's international calling code (for example) giving:

<a href="tel:+496170961709" class="Blondie">_x000D_
    Call me, call me any, anytime_x000D_
      <b>Call me (call me) I'll arrive</b>_x000D_
        When you're ready we can share the wine!_x000D_
</a>

As the recent developed Web Applications are using JavaScript, jQuery, AngularJS, ReactJS etc there is a possibility that to retrieve an attribute of an element through Selenium you have to induce WebDriverWait to synchronize the WebDriver instance with the lagging Web Client i.e. the Web Browser before trying to retrieve any of the attributes.

Some examples:

• Python:

  • To retrieve any attribute form a visible element (e.g. <h1> tag) you need to use the expected_conditions as visibility_of_element_located(locator) as follows:

    attribute_value = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, "org"))).get_attribute("attribute_name")
    

  • To retrieve any attribute form an interactive element (e.g. <input> tag) you need to use the expected_conditions as element_to_be_clickable(locator) as follows:

    attribute_value = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, "org"))).get_attribute("attribute_name")
    

HTML Attributes

Below is a list of some attributes often used in HTML

Note: A complete list of all attributes for each HTML element, is listed in: HTML Attribute Reference

Try width: max-content to adjust the width of the div by it's content.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div.ex1 {
  width:500px;
  margin: auto;
  border: 3px solid #73AD21;
}

div.ex2 {
  width: max-content;
  margin: auto;
  border: 3px solid #73AD21;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<div class="ex1">This div element has width 500px;</div>
<br>
<div class="ex2">Width by content size</div>

</body>
</html>

A safer approach is checking the value of the input, instead of hijacking keypresses and trying to filter keyCodes.

This way the user is free to use keyboard arrows, modifier keys, backspace, delete, use non standard keyboars, use mouse to paste, use drag and drop text, even use accessibility inputs.

The below script allows positive and negative numbers

1
10
100.0
100.01
-1
-1.0
-10.00
1.0.0 //not allowed

var input = document.getElementById('number');_x000D_
input.onkeyup = input.onchange = enforceFloat;_x000D_
_x000D_
//enforce that only a float can be inputed_x000D_
function enforceFloat() {_x000D_
  var valid = /^\-?\d+\.\d*$|^\-?[\d]*$/;_x000D_
  var number = /\-\d+\.\d*|\-[\d]*|[\d]+\.[\d]*|[\d]+/;_x000D_
  if (!valid.test(this.value)) {_x000D_
    var n = this.value.match(number);_x000D_
    this.value = n ? n[0] : '';_x000D_
  }_x000D_
}

<input id="number" value="-3.1415" placeholder="Type a number" autofocus>

EDIT: I removed my old answer because I think it is antiquated now.

try using the after() method:

$('#bla').after('<div id="space"></div>');

Documentation

You could use a macro, but it’s simpler to use styles. Define a character style that has the desired text color and assign a shortcut key to it, say Alt+R. In order to be able to switch color using just the keyboard, define another character style, say “normal”, that has no special feature—just for use to get normal text after switching to your colored style, and assign another shortcut to it, say Alt+N. Then you would just type text, press Alt+R to switch to colored text, type that text, press Alt+N to resume normal text color, etc.

It doesn't - the C# compiler does :)

So this code:

string x = "hello";
string y = "there";
string z = "chaps";
string all = x + y + z;

actually gets compiled as:

string x = "hello";
string y = "there";
string z = "chaps";
string all = string.Concat(x, y, z);

(Gah - intervening edit removed other bits accidentally.)

The benefit of the C# compiler noticing that there are multiple string concatenations here is that you don't end up creating an intermediate string of x + y which then needs to be copied again as part of the concatenation of (x + y) and z. Instead, we get it all done in one go.

EDIT: Note that the compiler can't do anything if you concatenate in a loop. For example, this code:

string x = "";
foreach (string y in strings)
{
    x += y;
}

just ends up as equivalent to:

string x = "";
foreach (string y in strings)
{
    x = string.Concat(x, y);
}

... so this does generate a lot of garbage, and it's why you should use a StringBuilder for such cases. I have an article going into more details about the two which will hopefully answer further questions.

You can't change the type of an existing property.

You can add a property:

interface A {
    newProperty: any;
}

But changing a type of existing one:

interface A {
    property: any;
}

Results in an error:

Subsequent variable declarations must have the same type. Variable 'property' must be of type 'number', but here has type 'any'

You can of course have your own interface which extends an existing one. In that case, you can override a type only to a compatible type, for example:

interface A {
    x: string | number;
}

interface B extends A {
    x: number;
}

By the way, you probably should avoid using Object as a type, instead use the type any.

In the docs for the any type it states:

The any type is a powerful way to work with existing JavaScript, allowing you to gradually opt-in and opt-out of type-checking during compilation. You might expect Object to play a similar role, as it does in other languages. But variables of type Object only allow you to assign any value to them - you can’t call arbitrary methods on them, even ones that actually exist:

let notSure: any = 4;
notSure.ifItExists(); // okay, ifItExists might exist at runtime
notSure.toFixed(); // okay, toFixed exists (but the compiler doesn't check)

let prettySure: Object = 4;
prettySure.toFixed(); // Error: Property 'toFixed' doesn't exist on type 'Object'.

To run a single test class Airborn's answer is good.

With using some command line options, which found here, you can simply do something like this.

gradle test --tests org.gradle.SomeTest.someSpecificFeature
gradle test --tests *SomeTest.someSpecificFeature
gradle test --tests *SomeSpecificTest
gradle test --tests all.in.specific.package*
gradle test --tests *IntegTest
gradle test --tests *IntegTest*ui*
gradle test --tests *IntegTest.singleMethod
gradle someTestTask --tests *UiTest someOtherTestTask --tests *WebTest*ui

From version 1.10 of gradle it supports selecting tests, using a test filter. For example,

apply plugin: 'java'

test {
  filter {
    //specific test method
      includeTestsMatching "org.gradle.SomeTest.someSpecificFeature"

     //specific test method, use wildcard for packages
     includeTestsMatching "*SomeTest.someSpecificFeature"

     //specific test class
     includeTestsMatching "org.gradle.SomeTest"

     //specific test class, wildcard for packages
     includeTestsMatching "*.SomeTest"

     //all classes in package, recursively
     includeTestsMatching "com.gradle.tooling.*"

     //all integration tests, by naming convention
      includeTestsMatching "*IntegTest"

     //only ui tests from integration tests, by some naming convention
     includeTestsMatching "*IntegTest*ui"
   }
}

For multi-flavor environments (a common use-case for Android), check this answer, as the --tests argument will be unsupported and you'll get an error.

In my case, I had to change to this: Solution 1(more better which depend on current py file path. Easy to deploy) Use pathlib.Path.parents make code cleaner

import sys
import os
import pathlib
target_path = pathlib.Path(os.path.abspath(__file__)).parents[3]
sys.path.append(target_path)
from utils import MultiFileAllowed

Solution 2

import sys
import os
sys.path.append(os.getcwd())
from utils import MultiFileAllowed

You should disable Power Save Mode

For me I clicked over this button

then disable Power Save Mode

If you are using lodash, its even simpler with takeRight.

_.takeRight(arr, 5);

The function below will return the x86 Program Files directory in all of these three Windows configurations:

• 32 bit Windows
• 32 bit program running on 64 bit Windows
• 64 bit program running on 64 bit windows

static string ProgramFilesx86()
{
    if( 8 == IntPtr.Size 
        || (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432"))))
    {
        return Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ProgramFiles(x86)");
    }

    return Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ProgramFiles");
}

All the info you need, is provided in the release announcement for m2e 1.1:

m2e 1.1 has been released as part of Eclipse Juno simultaneous release today.

[...]

m2e 1.1 is already included in "Eclipse IDE for Java Developers" package available from http://eclipse.org/downloads/ or it can be installed from Eclipse Juno release repository [2]. Eclipse 3.7/Indigo users can install the new version from m2e release repository [3]

[...]

[2] http://download.eclipse.org/releases/juno

[3] http://download.eclipse.org/technology/m2e/releases

I had the same issue and tried most of the solutions mentioned above and they did not fix it.. At then end, I went to my .csproj file and viewed it in the text editor, I found that my xml file that I put in the /Drawable was not set to be AndroidResouces it was just of type Content.

Changing that to be of type AndroidResouces fixed the issue for me.

First of all, the easiest way to run things at startup is to add them to the file /etc/rc.local.

Another simple way is to use @reboot in your crontab. Read the cron manpage for details.

However, if you want to do things properly, in addition to adding a script to /etc/init.d you need to tell ubuntu when the script should be run and with what parameters. This is done with the command update-rc.d which creates a symlink from some of the /etc/rc* directories to your script. So, you'd need to do something like:

update-rc.d yourscriptname start 2

However, real init scripts should be able to handle a variety of command line options and otherwise integrate to the startup process. The file /etc/init.d/README has some details and further pointers.

This works fine for old and new version of Android (works fine even on API 10!).

Define this style in your styles.xml:

<style name="EditText.Login" parent="Widget.AppCompat.EditText">
    <item name="android:textColor">@android:color/white</item>
    <item name="android:textColorHint">@android:color/darker_gray</item>
    <item name="colorAccent">@color/blue</item>
    <item name="colorControlNormal">@color/blue</item>
    <item name="colorControlActivated">@color/blue</item>
</style>

And now in your XML, set this as theme and style (style to set textColor, and theme to set all other things):

<EditText
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:inputType="text"
    style="@style/EditText.Login"
    android:theme="@style/EditText.Login"/>

Edit

This solution causes a tiny UI glitch on newer Android versions (Lollipop or Marshmallow onwards) that the selection handles are underlined.

This issue is discussed in this thread. (I haven't tried this solution personally)

string s = "65 fght 6565 4665 hjk";
int count = 0;
foreach (Match m in Regex.Matches(s, "65"))
  count++;

According to caniuse.com:

• 97.72% of global users natively support WebSockets
• 96.31% of global users natively support Server-sent events

You can use a client-only polyfill to extend support of SSE to many other browsers. This is less likely with WebSockets. Some EventSource polyfills:

• EventSource by Remy Sharp with no other library dependencies (IE7+)
• jQuery.EventSource by Rick Waldron
• EventSource by Yaffle (replaces native implementation, normalising behaviour across browsers)

If you need to support all the browsers, consider using a library like web-socket-js, SignalR or socket.io which support multiple transports such as WebSockets, SSE, Forever Frame and AJAX long polling. These often require modifications to the server side as well.

Learn more about SSE from:

• HTML5 Rocks article
• The W3C spec (published version, editor's draft)

Learn more about WebSockets from:

• HTML5 Rocks article
• The W3C spec (published version, editor's draft)

Other differences:

• WebSockets supports arbitrary binary data, SSE only uses UTF-8

ryeguy, I am currently developing a similar application and my threads number is set to 15. Unfortunately if I increase it at 20, it crashes. So, yes, I think the best way to handle this is to measure whether or not your current configuration allows more or less than a number X of threads.

You can Use this to make the background transparent

convert test.png -background rgba(0,0,0,0) test1.png

The above gives the prefect transparent background

If you're not explicitly using an encryption library, or rolling your own encryption code, then I think the answer is "no"

On Xcode Version 8.1 (8B62) it can be done directly in Attributes Inspector. Select the textField and then choose the appropriate option from Clear Button drop down box, which is located in Attributes Inspector.

First of all my Search query value is from a user's input. I have tried all the answers on this one and all the results Google have given me, 90% of the answers says put '%''%' and the other 10% says a more complicated answers.

For some reason all of those did not work for me.

How ever I remembered that in MySQL (phpmyadmin) there is this built in search function so I tried it just to see how MySQL handles a search with an apostrophe, turns out MySQL just escaping apostrophe with a backslash LIKE '%\'%' so why just I replace apostrophe with a \' in every user's query.

This is what I come up with:

if(!empty($user_search)) {
        $r_user_search = str_ireplace("'","\'","$user_search");
        $find_it = "SELECT * FROM table WHERE column LIKE '%$r_user_search%'";
        $results = $pdo->prepare($find_it);
        $results->execute();

This solves my problem. Also please correct me if this is still has security issues.

uchar * value = img2.data; //Pointer to the first pixel data ,it's return array in all values 
int r = 2;
for (size_t i = 0; i < img2.cols* (img2.rows * img2.channels()); i++)
{

        if (r > 2) r = 0;

        if (r == 0) value[i] = 0;
        if (r == 1)value[i] =  0;
        if (r == 2)value[i] = 255;

        r++;
}

<div style="text-align:center;">
    <img src="queuedError.jpg" style="margin:auto; width:200px;" />
</div>

I like the idea to override default options, this seems like a good solution.

However, if you are up to extending the Http class. Make sure to read this through!

Some answers here are actually showing incorrect overloading of request() method, which could lead to a hard-to-catch errors and weird behavior. I've stumbled upon this myself.

This solution is based on request() method implementation in Angular 4.2.x, but should be future-compatible:

import {Observable} from 'rxjs/Observable';
import {Injectable} from '@angular/core';

import {
  ConnectionBackend, Headers,
  Http as NgHttp,
  Request,
  RequestOptions,
  RequestOptionsArgs,
  Response,
  XHRBackend
} from '@angular/http';


import {AuthenticationStateService} from '../authentication/authentication-state.service';


@Injectable()
export class Http extends NgHttp {

  constructor (
    backend: ConnectionBackend,
    defaultOptions: RequestOptions,
    private authenticationStateService: AuthenticationStateService
  ) {
    super(backend, defaultOptions);
  }


  request (url: string | Request, options?: RequestOptionsArgs): Observable<Response> {

    if ('string' === typeof url) {

      url = this.rewriteUrl(url);
      options = (options || new RequestOptions());
      options.headers = this.updateHeaders(options.headers);

      return super.request(url, options);

    } else if (url instanceof Request) {

      const request = url;
      request.url = this.rewriteUrl(request.url);
      request.headers = this.updateHeaders(request.headers);

      return super.request(request);

    } else {
      throw new Error('First argument must be a url string or Request instance');
    }

  }


  private rewriteUrl (url: string) {
    return environment.backendBaseUrl + url;
  }

  private updateHeaders (headers?: Headers) {

    headers = headers || new Headers();

    // Authenticating the request.
    if (this.authenticationStateService.isAuthenticated() && !headers.has('Authorization')) {
      headers.append('Authorization', 'Bearer ' + this.authenticationStateService.getToken());
    }

    return headers;

  }

}

Notice that I'm importing original class this way import { Http as NgHttp } from '@angular/http'; in order to prevent name clashes.

The problem addressed here is that request() method has two different call signatures. When Request object is passed instead of the URL string, the options argument is ignored by Angular. So both cases must be properly handled.

And here's the example of how to register this overridden class with DI container:

export const httpProvider = {
  provide: NgHttp,
  useFactory: httpFactory,
  deps: [XHRBackend, RequestOptions, AuthenticationStateService]
};


export function httpFactory (
  xhrBackend: XHRBackend,
  requestOptions: RequestOptions,
  authenticationStateService: AuthenticationStateService
): Http {
  return new Http(
    xhrBackend,
    requestOptions,
    authenticationStateService
  );
}

With such approach you can inject Http class normally, but your overridden class will be magically injected instead. This allows you to integrate your solution easily without changing other parts of the application (polymorphism in action).

Just add httpProvider to the providers property of your module metadata.

You don't need awk for this...

echo aaa0.bbb.ccc | cut -d. -f1
cut -d. -f1 <<< aaa0.bbb.ccc

echo aaa0.bbb.ccc | { IFS=. read a _ ; echo $a ; }
{ IFS=. read a _ ; echo $a ; } <<< aaa0.bbb.ccc 

x=aaa0.bbb.ccc; echo ${x/.*/}

Heavier options:

sed:
echo aaa0.bbb.ccc | sed 's/\..*//'
sed 's/\..*//' <<< aaa0.bbb.ccc 
awk:
echo aaa0.bbb.ccc | awk -F. '{print $1}'
awk -F. '{print $1}' <<< aaa0.bbb.ccc 

How can I make as "perfect" a subclass of dict as possible?

The end goal is to have a simple dict in which the keys are lowercase.

• If I override __getitem__/__setitem__, then get/set don't work. How do I make them work? Surely I don't need to implement them individually?

• Am I preventing pickling from working, and do I need to implement __setstate__ etc?

• Do I need repr, update and __init__?

• Should I just use mutablemapping (it seems one shouldn't use UserDict or DictMixin)? If so, how? The docs aren't exactly enlightening.

The accepted answer would be my first approach, but since it has some issues, and since no one has addressed the alternative, actually subclassing a dict, I'm going to do that here.

What's wrong with the accepted answer?

This seems like a rather simple request to me:

How can I make as "perfect" a subclass of dict as possible? The end goal is to have a simple dict in which the keys are lowercase.

The accepted answer doesn't actually subclass dict, and a test for this fails:

>>> isinstance(MyTransformedDict([('Test', 'test')]), dict)
False

Ideally, any type-checking code would be testing for the interface we expect, or an abstract base class, but if our data objects are being passed into functions that are testing for dict - and we can't "fix" those functions, this code will fail.

Other quibbles one might make:

• The accepted answer is also missing the classmethod: fromkeys.

• The accepted answer also has a redundant __dict__ - therefore taking up more space in memory:

  >>> s.foo = 'bar'
  >>> s.__dict__
  {'foo': 'bar', 'store': {'test': 'test'}}
  

Actually subclassing dict

We can reuse the dict methods through inheritance. All we need to do is create an interface layer that ensures keys are passed into the dict in lowercase form if they are strings.

If I override __getitem__/__setitem__, then get/set don't work. How do I make them work? Surely I don't need to implement them individually?

Well, implementing them each individually is the downside to this approach and the upside to using MutableMapping (see the accepted answer), but it's really not that much more work.

First, let's factor out the difference between Python 2 and 3, create a singleton (_RaiseKeyError) to make sure we know if we actually get an argument to dict.pop, and create a function to ensure our string keys are lowercase:

from itertools import chain
try:              # Python 2
    str_base = basestring
    items = 'iteritems'
except NameError: # Python 3
    str_base = str, bytes, bytearray
    items = 'items'

_RaiseKeyError = object() # singleton for no-default behavior

def ensure_lower(maybe_str):
    """dict keys can be any hashable object - only call lower if str"""
    return maybe_str.lower() if isinstance(maybe_str, str_base) else maybe_str

Now we implement - I'm using super with the full arguments so that this code works for Python 2 and 3:

class LowerDict(dict):  # dicts take a mapping or iterable as their optional first argument
    __slots__ = () # no __dict__ - that would be redundant
    @staticmethod # because this doesn't make sense as a global function.
    def _process_args(mapping=(), **kwargs):
        if hasattr(mapping, items):
            mapping = getattr(mapping, items)()
        return ((ensure_lower(k), v) for k, v in chain(mapping, getattr(kwargs, items)()))
    def __init__(self, mapping=(), **kwargs):
        super(LowerDict, self).__init__(self._process_args(mapping, **kwargs))
    def __getitem__(self, k):
        return super(LowerDict, self).__getitem__(ensure_lower(k))
    def __setitem__(self, k, v):
        return super(LowerDict, self).__setitem__(ensure_lower(k), v)
    def __delitem__(self, k):
        return super(LowerDict, self).__delitem__(ensure_lower(k))
    def get(self, k, default=None):
        return super(LowerDict, self).get(ensure_lower(k), default)
    def setdefault(self, k, default=None):
        return super(LowerDict, self).setdefault(ensure_lower(k), default)
    def pop(self, k, v=_RaiseKeyError):
        if v is _RaiseKeyError:
            return super(LowerDict, self).pop(ensure_lower(k))
        return super(LowerDict, self).pop(ensure_lower(k), v)
    def update(self, mapping=(), **kwargs):
        super(LowerDict, self).update(self._process_args(mapping, **kwargs))
    def __contains__(self, k):
        return super(LowerDict, self).__contains__(ensure_lower(k))
    def copy(self): # don't delegate w/ super - dict.copy() -> dict :(
        return type(self)(self)
    @classmethod
    def fromkeys(cls, keys, v=None):
        return super(LowerDict, cls).fromkeys((ensure_lower(k) for k in keys), v)
    def __repr__(self):
        return '{0}({1})'.format(type(self).__name__, super(LowerDict, self).__repr__())

We use an almost boiler-plate approach for any method or special method that references a key, but otherwise, by inheritance, we get methods: len, clear, items, keys, popitem, and values for free. While this required some careful thought to get right, it is trivial to see that this works.

(Note that haskey was deprecated in Python 2, removed in Python 3.)

Here's some usage:

>>> ld = LowerDict(dict(foo='bar'))
>>> ld['FOO']
'bar'
>>> ld['foo']
'bar'
>>> ld.pop('FoO')
'bar'
>>> ld.setdefault('Foo')
>>> ld
{'foo': None}
>>> ld.get('Bar')
>>> ld.setdefault('Bar')
>>> ld
{'bar': None, 'foo': None}
>>> ld.popitem()
('bar', None)

Am I preventing pickling from working, and do I need to implement __setstate__ etc?

pickling

And the dict subclass pickles just fine:

>>> import pickle
>>> pickle.dumps(ld)
b'\x80\x03c__main__\nLowerDict\nq\x00)\x81q\x01X\x03\x00\x00\x00fooq\x02Ns.'
>>> pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(ld))
{'foo': None}
>>> type(pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(ld)))
<class '__main__.LowerDict'>

__repr__

Do I need repr, update and __init__?

We defined update and __init__, but you have a beautiful __repr__ by default:

>>> ld # without __repr__ defined for the class, we get this
{'foo': None}

However, it's good to write a __repr__ to improve the debugability of your code. The ideal test is eval(repr(obj)) == obj. If it's easy to do for your code, I strongly recommend it:

>>> ld = LowerDict({})
>>> eval(repr(ld)) == ld
True
>>> ld = LowerDict(dict(a=1, b=2, c=3))
>>> eval(repr(ld)) == ld
True

You see, it's exactly what we need to recreate an equivalent object - this is something that might show up in our logs or in backtraces:

>>> ld
LowerDict({'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2})

Conclusion

Should I just use mutablemapping (it seems one shouldn't use UserDict or DictMixin)? If so, how? The docs aren't exactly enlightening.

Yeah, these are a few more lines of code, but they're intended to be comprehensive. My first inclination would be to use the accepted answer, and if there were issues with it, I'd then look at my answer - as it's a little more complicated, and there's no ABC to help me get my interface right.

Premature optimization is going for greater complexity in search of performance. MutableMapping is simpler - so it gets an immediate edge, all else being equal. Nevertheless, to lay out all the differences, let's compare and contrast.

I should add that there was a push to put a similar dictionary into the collections module, but it was rejected. You should probably just do this instead:

my_dict[transform(key)]

It should be far more easily debugable.

Compare and contrast

There are 6 interface functions implemented with the MutableMapping (which is missing fromkeys) and 11 with the dict subclass. I don't need to implement __iter__ or __len__, but instead I have to implement get, setdefault, pop, update, copy, __contains__, and fromkeys - but these are fairly trivial, since I can use inheritance for most of those implementations.

The MutableMapping implements some things in Python that dict implements in C - so I would expect a dict subclass to be more performant in some cases.

We get a free __eq__ in both approaches - both of which assume equality only if another dict is all lowercase - but again, I think the dict subclass will compare more quickly.

Summary:

• subclassing MutableMapping is simpler with fewer opportunities for bugs, but slower, takes more memory (see redundant dict), and fails isinstance(x, dict)
• subclassing dict is faster, uses less memory, and passes isinstance(x, dict), but it has greater complexity to implement.

Which is more perfect? That depends on your definition of perfect.

If you happen to have a volume bar that you want to adjust –similar to what you see on iPhone's iPod app– here's how.

    @Override
public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {

    switch (keyCode) {
    case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_UP:
        audioManager.adjustStreamVolume(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, AudioManager.ADJUST_RAISE, AudioManager.FLAG_SHOW_UI);
        //Raise the Volume Bar on the Screen
        volumeControl.setProgress( audioManager.getStreamVolume(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC)
                + AudioManager.ADJUST_RAISE);
        return true;
    case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_DOWN:
        //Adjust the Volume
        audioManager.adjustStreamVolume(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, AudioManager.ADJUST_LOWER, AudioManager.FLAG_SHOW_UI);
        //Lower the VOlume Bar on the Screen
        volumeControl.setProgress(audioManager
                .getStreamVolume(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC)
                + AudioManager.ADJUST_LOWER);
        return true;
    default:
        return false;
    }

For multi-line content jade normally uses a "|", however:

Tags that accept only text such as script, style, and textarea do not need the leading | character

This said, i cannot reproduce the problem you are having. When i paste that code in a jade template, it produces the right output and prompts me with an alert on page-load.

This question has a lot of great answers... but I cannot help but chime in with an alternative take on how to define "tail recursion", or at least "proper tail recursion." Namely: should one look at it as a property of a particular expression in a program? Or should one look at it as a property of an implementation of a programming language?

For more on the latter view, there is a classic paper by Will Clinger, "Proper Tail Recursion and Space Efficiency" (PLDI 1998), that defined "proper tail recursion" as a property of a programming language implementation. The definition is constructed to allow one to ignore implementation details (such as whether the call stack is actually represented via the runtime stack or via a heap-allocated linked list of frames).

To accomplish this, it uses asymptotic analysis: not of program execution time as one usually sees, but rather of program space usage. This way, the space usage of a heap-allocated linked list vs a runtime call stack ends up being asymptotically equivalent; so one gets to ignore that programming language implementation detail (a detail which certainly matters quite a bit in practice, but can muddy the waters quite a bit when one attempts to determine whether a given implementation is satisfying the requirement to be "property tail recursive")

The paper is worth careful study for a number of reasons:

• It gives an inductive definition of the tail expressions and tail calls of a program. (Such a definition, and why such calls are important, seems to be the subject of most of the other answers given here.)

  Here are those definitions, just to provide a flavor of the text:

  Definition 1 The tail expressions of a program written in Core Scheme are defined inductively as follows.

  1. The body of a lambda expression is a tail expression
  2. If (if E0 E1 E2) is a tail expression, then both E1 and E2 are tail expressions.
  3. Nothing else is a tail expression.

  Definition 2 A tail call is a tail expression that is a procedure call.

(a tail recursive call, or as the paper says, "self-tail call" is a special case of a tail call where the procedure is invoked itself.)

• It provides formal definitions for six different "machines" for evaluating Core Scheme, where each machine has the same observable behavior except for the asymptotic space complexity class that each is in.

  For example, after giving definitions for machines with respectively, 1. stack-based memory management, 2. garbage collection but no tail calls, 3. garbage collection and tail calls, the paper continues onward with even more advanced storage management strategies, such as 4. "evlis tail recursion", where the environment does not need to be preserved across the evaluation of the last sub-expression argument in a tail call, 5. reducing the environment of a closure to just the free variables of that closure, and 6. so-called "safe-for-space" semantics as defined by Appel and Shao.

• In order to prove that the machines actually belong to six distinct space complexity classes, the paper, for each pair of machines under comparison, provides concrete examples of programs that will expose asymptotic space blowup on one machine but not the other.

(Reading over my answer now, I'm not sure if I'm managed to actually capture the crucial points of the Clinger paper. But, alas, I cannot devote more time to developing this answer right now.)

$(function() {
    $('.phrase .items').each(function(i, items_list){
        var myText = "";

        $(items_list).find('li').each(function(j, li){
            alert(li.text());
        })

        alert(myText);

    });
};

For IntelliJ 2016-2.4 (and I believe other new-ish versions):

View > Tool Windows > Maven Projects

In the newly revealed toolbar, select Maven settings (icon of a toolset).

When this screen opens, expand the Maven menu and click 'Importing'

Here, click "Import Maven projects automatically." Also ensure that the 'JDK for Importer' option matches the JDK version you mean to use.

Click OK. Now go to the red dependency in your pom.xml, select the red lightbulb, and click 'Update Maven indices'.

According to the RFC 7231 section 3.1.5.5:

A sender that generates a message containing a payload body SHOULD generate a Content-Type header field in that message unless the intended media type of the enclosed representation is unknown to the sender. If a Content-Type header field is not present, the recipient MAY either assume a media type of "application/octet-stream" ([RFC2046], Section 4.5.1) or examine the data to determine its type.

It means that the Content-Type HTTP header should be set only for PUT and POST requests.

I use varargs frequently for constructors that can take some sort of filter object. For example, a large part of our system based on Hadoop is based on a Mapper that handles serialization and deserialization of items to JSON, and applies a number of processors that each take an item of content and either modify and return it, or return null to reject.

For JavaScript arrays, you use Both push() and concat() function.

var array = [1, 2, 3];
array.push(4, 5);         //use push for appending a single array.




var array1 = [1, 2, 3];
var array2 = [4, 5, 6];

var array3 = array1.concat(array2);   //It is better use concat for appending more then one array.

If anyone like me is searching to read only a specific line, example only line 18 here is the code:

filename = "C:\log.log"

Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set f = fso.OpenTextFile(filename)

For i = 1 to 17
    f.ReadLine
Next

strLine = f.ReadLine
Wscript.Echo strLine

f.Close

You must reference Context name before using getResources() in Android.

String user=getApplicationContext().getResources().getString(R.string.muser);

OR

Context mcontext=getApplicationContext();

String user=mcontext.getResources().getString(R.string.muser);

Wrapping the model property around parens worked for me. You still get the same issue with Visual Studio complaining about the semi-colon, but it works.

var closedStatusId = @(Model.ClosedStatusId);

You can use "typeof()" operator in C# but you need to call the namespace using System.IO; You must use "is" keyword if you wish to check for a type.

IF you know the width of the container, you could do like this:

#container
  width: #{200}px
  #element
    width: #{(0.25 * 200) - 5}px

I'm aware that in many cases #container could have a relative width. Then this wouldn't work.

Couldn't find any official documentation (no surprise there) but according to this interesting article, those elements are injected in order to enable Word to convert the HTML back to fully compatible Word document, with everything preserved.

The relevant paragraph:

Microsoft added the special tags to Word's HTML with an eye toward backward compatibility. Microsoft wanted you to be able to save files in HTML complete with all of the tracking, comments, formatting, and other special Word features found in traditional DOC files. If you save a file in HTML and then reload it in Word, theoretically you don't loose anything at all.

This makes lots of sense.

For your specific question.. the o in the <o:p> means "Office namespace" so anything following the o: in a tag means "I'm part of Office namespace" - in case of <o:p> it just means paragraph, the equivalent of the ordinary <p> tag.

I assume that every HTML tag has its Office "equivalent" and they have more.

One simple line in base R:

df$count = table(interaction(df[, (c("name", "type"))]))[interaction(df[, (c("name", "type"))])]

Same in two lines, for clarity/efficiency:

fact = interaction(df[, (c("name", "type"))])
df$count = table(fact)[fact]

Slicing

Python slicing is an incredibly fast operation, and it's a handy way to quickly access parts of your data.

Slice notation to get the last nine elements from a list (or any other sequence that supports it, like a string) would look like this:

num_list[-9:]

When I see this, I read the part in the brackets as "9th from the end, to the end." (Actually, I abbreviate it mentally as "-9, on")

Explanation:

The full notation is

sequence[start:stop:step]

But the colon is what tells Python you're giving it a slice and not a regular index. That's why the idiomatic way of copying lists in Python 2 is

list_copy = sequence[:]

And clearing them is with:

del my_list[:]

(Lists get list.copy and list.clear in Python 3.)

Give your slices a descriptive name!

You may find it useful to separate forming the slice from passing it to the list.__getitem__ method (that's what the square brackets do). Even if you're not new to it, it keeps your code more readable so that others that may have to read your code can more readily understand what you're doing.

However, you can't just assign some integers separated by colons to a variable. You need to use the slice object:

last_nine_slice = slice(-9, None)

The second argument, None, is required, so that the first argument is interpreted as the start argument otherwise it would be the stop argument.

You can then pass the slice object to your sequence:

>>> list(range(100))[last_nine_slice]
[91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99]

islice

islice from the itertools module is another possibly performant way to get this. islice doesn't take negative arguments, so ideally your iterable has a __reversed__ special method - which list does have - so you must first pass your list (or iterable with __reversed__) to reversed.

>>> from itertools import islice
>>> islice(reversed(range(100)), 0, 9)
<itertools.islice object at 0xffeb87fc>

islice allows for lazy evaluation of the data pipeline, so to materialize the data, pass it to a constructor (like list):

>>> list(islice(reversed(range(100)), 0, 9))
[99, 98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 91]

ngAttr directive can totally be of help here, as introduced in the official documentation

https://docs.angularjs.org/guide/interpolation#-ngattr-for-binding-to-arbitrary-attributes

For instance, to set the id attribute value of a div element, so that it contains an index, a view fragment might contain

<div ng-attr-id="{{ 'object-' + myScopeObject.index }}"></div>

which would get interpolated to

<div id="object-1"></div>

From the asar documentation

(the use of npx here is to avoid to install the asar tool globally with npm install -g asar)

Extract the whole archive:

npx asar extract app.asar destfolder 

Extract a particular file:

npx asar extract-file app.asar main.js

The problem is that the timer variable is local, and its value is lost after each function call.

You need to persist it, you can put it outside the function, or if you don't want to expose the variable as global, you can store it in a closure, e.g.:

var endAndStartTimer = (function () {
  var timer; // variable persisted here
  return function () {
    window.clearTimeout(timer);
    //var millisecBeforeRedirect = 10000; 
    timer = window.setTimeout(function(){alert('Hello!');},10000); 
  };
})();

What you are looking for is called Geocoding.

Google provides a Geocoding Web Service which should do what you're looking for. You will be able to do geocoding on your server.

JSON Example:

http://maps.google.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA

XML Example:

http://maps.google.com/maps/api/geocode/xml?address=1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA

Edit:

Please note that this is now a deprecated method and you must provide your own Google API key to access this data.

This solves the problem:

df['newcolumn'] = df.A * df.B

You could also do:

def fab(row):
  return row['A'] * row['B']

df['newcolumn'] = df.apply(fab, axis=1)

In Excel workbook - Select the Cell-goto Format Cells - Number - Custom - in the Type box type as shows (0.00%)

Parameter Options FollowSymLinks enables you to have a symlink in your webroot pointing to some other file/dir. With this disabled, Apache will refuse to follow such symlink. More secure Options SymLinksIfOwnerMatch can be used instead - this will allow you to link only to other files which you do own.

If you use Options directive in .htaccess with parameter which has been forbidden in main Apache config, server will return HTTP 500 error code.

Allowed .htaccess options are defined by directive AllowOverride in the main Apache config file. To allow symlinks, this directive need to be set to All or Options.

Besides allowing use of symlinks, this directive is also needed to enable mod_rewrite in .htaccess context. But for this, also the more secure SymLinksIfOwnerMatch option can be used.

On my machine:

C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.4\data\postgresql.conf

there is a good library to use its called djagno-nomad, although not directly related to the question asked, thought of sharing this,

scenario: most of the time when switching to project, we feel like it should revert our changes that we did on this current branch, that's what exactly this library does, checkout below

https://pypi.org/project/django-nomad/

Also as a side note: Mootools has the function toInt() which is used on any native string (or float (or integer)).

"2".toInt()   // 2
"2px".toInt() // 2
2.toInt()     // 2

For my projects I made this solution (RecyclerView with setEmptyView method):

public class RecyclerViewEmptySupport extends RecyclerView {
    private View emptyView;

    private AdapterDataObserver emptyObserver = new AdapterDataObserver() {


        @Override
        public void onChanged() {
            Adapter<?> adapter =  getAdapter();
            if(adapter != null && emptyView != null) {
                if(adapter.getItemCount() == 0) {
                    emptyView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    RecyclerViewEmptySupport.this.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                }
                else {
                    emptyView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    RecyclerViewEmptySupport.this.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                }
            }

        }
    };

    public RecyclerViewEmptySupport(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public RecyclerViewEmptySupport(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public RecyclerViewEmptySupport(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
    }

    @Override
    public void setAdapter(Adapter adapter) {
        super.setAdapter(adapter);

        if(adapter != null) {
            adapter.registerAdapterDataObserver(emptyObserver);
        }

        emptyObserver.onChanged();
    }

    public void setEmptyView(View emptyView) {
        this.emptyView = emptyView;
    }
}

And you should use it instead of RecyclerView class:

<com.maff.utils.RecyclerViewEmptySupport android:id="@+id/list1"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    />

<TextView android:id="@+id/list_empty"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="Empty"
    />

and

RecyclerViewEmptySupport list = 
    (RecyclerViewEmptySupport)rootView.findViewById(R.id.list1);
list.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(context));
list.setEmptyView(rootView.findViewById(R.id.list_empty));

Why not write one? Something like this may satisfy your requirements:

def FixCase(st):
    return ' '.join(''.join([w[0].upper(), w[1:].lower()]) for w in st.split())

If you are using PHP >= 7.2 consider using inbuilt sodium core extension for encrption.

It is modern and more secure. You can find more information here - http://php.net/manual/en/intro.sodium.php. and here - https://paragonie.com/book/pecl-libsodium/read/00-intro.md

Example PHP 7.2 sodium encryption class -

<?php

/**
 * Simple sodium crypto class for PHP >= 7.2
 * @author MRK
 */
class crypto {

    /**
     * 
     * @return type
     */
    static public function create_encryption_key() {
        return base64_encode(sodium_crypto_secretbox_keygen());
    }

    /**
     * Encrypt a message
     * 
     * @param string $message - message to encrypt
     * @param string $key - encryption key created using create_encryption_key()
     * @return string
     */
    static function encrypt($message, $key) {
        $key_decoded = base64_decode($key);
        $nonce = random_bytes(
                SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES
        );

        $cipher = base64_encode(
                $nonce .
                sodium_crypto_secretbox(
                        $message, $nonce, $key_decoded
                )
        );
        sodium_memzero($message);
        sodium_memzero($key_decoded);
        return $cipher;
    }

    /**
     * Decrypt a message
     * @param string $encrypted - message encrypted with safeEncrypt()
     * @param string $key - key used for encryption
     * @return string
     */
    static function decrypt($encrypted, $key) {
        $decoded = base64_decode($encrypted);
        $key_decoded = base64_decode($key);
        if ($decoded === false) {
            throw new Exception('Decryption error : the encoding failed');
        }
        if (mb_strlen($decoded, '8bit') < (SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES + SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_MACBYTES)) {
            throw new Exception('Decryption error : the message was truncated');
        }
        $nonce = mb_substr($decoded, 0, SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES, '8bit');
        $ciphertext = mb_substr($decoded, SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES, null, '8bit');

        $plain = sodium_crypto_secretbox_open(
                $ciphertext, $nonce, $key_decoded
        );
        if ($plain === false) {
            throw new Exception('Decryption error : the message was tampered with in transit');
        }
        sodium_memzero($ciphertext);
        sodium_memzero($key_decoded);
        return $plain;
    }

}

Sample Usage -

<?php 

$key = crypto::create_encryption_key();

$string = 'Sri Lanka is a beautiful country !';

echo $enc = crypto::encrypt($string, $key); 
echo crypto::decrypt($enc, $key);

in the latest version of angular4 use

import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Rx'

it will import all the required things.

As of 2013, if you're using facebook.com/sharer.php (PHP) you can simply make any button/link like:

<a class="btn" target="_blank" href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?s=100&amp;p[title]=<?php echo urlencode(YOUR_TITLE);?>&amp;p[summary]=<?php echo urlencode(YOUR_PAGE_DESCRIPTION) ?>&amp;p[url]=<?php echo urlencode(YOUR_PAGE_URL); ?>&amp;p[images][0]=<?php echo urlencode(YOUR_LINK_THUMBNAIL); ?>">share on facebook</a>

Link query parameters:

p[title] = Define a page title
p[summary] = An URL description, most likely describing the contents of the page
p[url] = The absolute URL for the page you're sharing 
p[images][0] = The URL of the thumbnail image to be used as post thumbnail on facebook

It's plain simple: you do not need any js or other settings. Is just an HTML raw link. Style the A tag in any way you want to.

Use

Model.created_at.strftime("%FT%T")

where,

%F - The ISO 8601 date format (%Y-%m-%d)
%T - 24-hour time (%H:%M:%S)

Following are some of the frequently used useful list of Date and Time formats that you could specify in strftime method:

Date (Year, Month, Day):
  %Y - Year with century (can be negative, 4 digits at least)
          -0001, 0000, 1995, 2009, 14292, etc.
  %C - year / 100 (round down.  20 in 2009)
  %y - year % 100 (00..99)

  %m - Month of the year, zero-padded (01..12)
          %_m  blank-padded ( 1..12)
          %-m  no-padded (1..12)
  %B - The full month name (``January'')
          %^B  uppercased (``JANUARY'')
  %b - The abbreviated month name (``Jan'')
          %^b  uppercased (``JAN'')
  %h - Equivalent to %b

  %d - Day of the month, zero-padded (01..31)
          %-d  no-padded (1..31)
  %e - Day of the month, blank-padded ( 1..31)

  %j - Day of the year (001..366)

Time (Hour, Minute, Second, Subsecond):
  %H - Hour of the day, 24-hour clock, zero-padded (00..23)
  %k - Hour of the day, 24-hour clock, blank-padded ( 0..23)
  %I - Hour of the day, 12-hour clock, zero-padded (01..12)
  %l - Hour of the day, 12-hour clock, blank-padded ( 1..12)
  %P - Meridian indicator, lowercase (``am'' or ``pm'')
  %p - Meridian indicator, uppercase (``AM'' or ``PM'')

  %M - Minute of the hour (00..59)

  %S - Second of the minute (00..59)

  %L - Millisecond of the second (000..999)
  %N - Fractional seconds digits, default is 9 digits (nanosecond)
          %3N  millisecond (3 digits)
          %6N  microsecond (6 digits)
          %9N  nanosecond (9 digits)
          %12N picosecond (12 digits)

For the complete list of formats for strftime method please visit APIDock

An updated answer, for 4.6.0+, if you have a preference for promises (see docs):

mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/mydb', { useMongoClient: true })
.then((connection) => {
   connection.db.dropDatabase();
   // alternatively:
   // mongoose.connection.db.dropDatabase();
});

I tested this code in my own code, using mongoose 4.13.6. Also, note the use of the useMongoClient option (see docs). Docs indicate:

Mongoose's default connection logic is deprecated as of 4.11.0. Please opt in to the new connection logic using the useMongoClient option, but make sure you test your connections first if you're upgrading an existing codebase!

why dont you add a "source" column to each of the queries with a static value like

select 'source 1' as Source, column1, column2...
from table1

UNION ALL

select 'source 2' as Source, column1, column2...
from table2

Yes, you'll see it everywhere. It's often that = this;.

See how self is used inside functions called by events? Those would have their own context, so self is used to hold the this that came into Note().

The reason self is still available to the functions, even though they can only execute after the Note() function has finished executing, is that inner functions get the context of the outer function due to closure.

If your project contains a RouteConfig.cs file, then you probably need to ignore the route to the root by adding routes.IgnoreRoute(""); in this file.

If it doen't solve your problem, try this :

void Application_BeginRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (Request.AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath == "~/")
        Response.Redirect("~/index.aspx");
}

With SQL server you can use this

SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), GETDATE(), 101) AS [MM/DD/YYYY];

with mysql server you can do the following

SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE YEAR(date_field) = '2006' AND MONTH(date_field) = '9' AND DAY(date_field) = '11'

A simpler way can be :

new Thread(YourSampleClass).start();    

it is Cross-site scripting problem. Common modern browsers doesn't allow to send request to another url.

The Heap is divided into young and old generations as follows :

Young Generation : It is place where lived for short period and divided into two spaces:

• Eden Space : When object created using new keyword memory allocated on this space.
• Survivor Space : This is the pool which contains objects which have survived after java garbage collection from Eden space.

Old Generation : This pool basically contains tenured and virtual (reserved) space and will be holding those objects which survived after garbage collection from Young Generation.

• Tenured Space: This memory pool contains objects which survived after multiple garbage collection means object which survived after garbage collection from Survivor space.

Permanent Generation : This memory pool as name also says contain permanent class metadata and descriptors information so PermGen space always reserved for classes and those that is tied to the classes for example static members.

Java8 Update: PermGen is replaced with Metaspace which is very similar.
Main difference is that Metaspace re-sizes dynamically i.e., It can expand at runtime.
Java Metaspace space: unbounded (default)

Code Cache (Virtual or reserved) : If you are using HotSpot Java VM this includes code cache area that containing memory which will be used for compilation and storage of native code.

Courtesy

I think you need to use a database. MongoDB is a good choice in this case because it is JSON compatible.

UPDATE: You can use mongoimport tool to import JSON data into MongoDB.

mongoimport --collection collection --file collection.json

You should check for '' (empty string) before pushing into your array. Your array has elements that are empty strings. Then your album_text.length === 0 will work just fine.

Many developers tend to execute multiple queries against the database (often querying one or two tables) extract the results and perform simple operations in java/c/c++ - all of which could have been done with a single SQL statement.

Many developers often dont realize that on development environments database and app servers are on their laptops - but on a production environment, database and apps server will be on different machines. Hence for every query there is an additional n/w overhead for the data to be passed between the app server and the database server. I have been amazed to find the number of database calls that are made from the app server to the database server to render one page to the user!

You mean you want to show a javascript alert when a button is clicked on a PHP generated page?

echo('<button type="button" onclick="alert(\'Alrt Text!\');">My Button</button>');

Would do that

As the others have said already, your first line should be

#!/usr/bin/env ruby

And you also have to make it executable: (in the shell)

chmod +x test.rb

Then follows the ruby code. If you open a file

File.open("file", "r") do |io|
    # do something with io
end

the file is opened in the current directory you'd get with pwd in the shell.

The path to your script is also simple to get. With $0 you get the first argument of the shell, which is the relative path to your script. The absolute path can be determined like that:

#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'pathname'
p Pathname.new($0).realpath()

For file system operations I almost always use Pathname. This is a wrapper for many of the other file system related classes. Also useful: Dir, File...

For i = 0 To dt.Rows.Count - 1

    ListV.Items.Add(dt.Rows(i).Item("STU_NUMBER").ToString)
    ListV.Items(i).SubItems.Add(dt.Rows(i).Item("FNAME").ToString & " " & dt.Rows(i).Item("MI").ToString & ". " & dt.Rows(i).Item("LNAME").ToString)
    ListV.Items(i).SubItems.Add(dt.Rows(i).Item("SEX").ToString)

Next

I think, better way is use HttpPostedFileBase in your controller or API. After this you can simple detect size, type etc.

File properties you can find here:

MVC3 How to check if HttpPostedFileBase is an image

For example ImageApi:

[HttpPost]
[Route("api/image")]  
public ActionResult Index(HttpPostedFileBase file)  
{  
    if (file != null && file.ContentLength > 0)  
        try 
        {  
            string path = Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("~/Images"),  
               Path.GetFileName(file.FileName));

            file.SaveAs(path);  
            ViewBag.Message = "Your message for success";  
        }  
        catch (Exception ex)  
        {  
            ViewBag.Message = "ERROR:" + ex.Message.ToString();  
        }  
    else 
    {  
        ViewBag.Message = "Please select file";  
    }  
    return View();  
}

Hope it help.

That's not really a question of aesthetics, but indeed a technical difference. The directory thinking of it is totally correct and pretty much explaining everything. Let's work it out:

You are back in the stone age now or only serve static pages

You have a fixed directory structure on your web server and only static files like images, html and so on — no server side scripts or whatsoever.

A browser requests /index.htm, it exists and is delivered to the client. Later you have lots of - let's say - DVD movies reviewed and a html page for each of them in the /dvd/ directory. Now someone requests /dvd/adams_apples.htm and it is delivered because it is there.

At some day, someone just requests /dvd/ - which is a directory and the server is trying to figure out what to deliver. Besides access restrictions and so on there are two possibilities: Show the user the directory content (I bet you already have seen this somewhere) or show a default file (in Apache it is: DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory is requested.)

So far so good, this is the expected case. It already shows the difference in handling, so let's get into it:

At 5:34am you made a mistake uploading your files

(Which is by the way completely understandable.) So, you did something entirely wrong and instead of uploading /dvd/the_big_lebowski.htm you uploaded that file as dvd (with no extension) to /.

Someone bookmarked your /dvd/ directory listing (of course you didn't want to create and always update that nifty index.htm) and is visiting your web-site. Directory content is delivered - all fine.

Someone heard of your list and is typing /dvd. And now it is screwed. Instead of your DVD directory listing the server finds a file with that name and is delivering your Big Lebowski file.

So, you delete that file and tell the guy to reload the page. Your server looks for the /dvd file, but it is gone. Most servers will then notice that there is a directory with that name and tell the client that what it was looking for is indeed somewhere else. The response will most likely be be:

Status Code:301 Moved Permanently with Location: http://[...]/dvd/

So, totally ignoring what you think about directories or files, the server only can handle such stuff and - unless told differently - decides for you about the meaning of "slash or not".

Finally after receiving this response, the client loads /dvd/ and everything is fine.

Is it fine? No.

"Just fine" is not good enough for you

You have some dynamic page where everything is passed to /index.php and gets processed. Everything worked quite good until now, but that entire thing starts to feel slower and you investigate.

Soon, you'll notice that /dvd/list is doing exactly the same: Redirecting to /dvd/list/ which is then internally translated into index.php?controller=dvd&action=list. One additional request - but even worse! customer/login redirects to customer/login/ which in turn redirects to the HTTPS URL of customer/login/. You end up having tons of unnecessary HTTP redirects (= additional requests) that make the user experience slower.

Most likely you have a default directory index here, too: index.php?controller=dvd with no action simply internally loads index.php?controller=dvd&action=list.

Summary:

• If it ends with / it can never be a file. No server guessing.

• Slash or no slash are entirely different meanings. There is a technical/resource difference between "slash or no slash", and you should be aware of it and use it accordingly. Just because the server most likely loads /dvd/index.htm - or loads the correct script stuff - when you say /dvd: It does it, but not because you made the right request. Which would have been /dvd/.

• Omitting the slash even if you indeed mean the slashed version gives you an additional HTTP request penalty. Which is always bad (think of mobile latency) and has more weight than a "pretty URL" - especially since crawlers are not as dumb as SEOs believe or want you to believe ;)

The parametric equation for a circle is

x = cx + r * cos(a)
y = cy + r * sin(a)

Where r is the radius, cx,cy the origin, and a the angle.

That's pretty easy to adapt into any language with basic trig functions. Note that most languages will use radians for the angle in trig functions, so rather than cycling through 0..360 degrees, you're cycling through 0..2PI radians.

In Python...

class X( object ):
    def __init__( self ):
        self.attribute
    def getAttr( self ):
        return self.attribute
    def setAttr( self, value ):
        self.attribute= value
    property_name= property( getAttr, setAttr )

A property is a single attribute-like name that wraps a collection of setter, getter (and deleter) functions.

An attribute is usually a single object within another object.

Having said that, however, Python gives you methods like __getattr__ which allow you extend the definition of "attribute".

Bottom Line - they're almost synonymous. Python makes a technical distinction in how they're implemented.

It's because of the requirement for separate compilation and because templates are instantiation-style polymorphism.

Lets get a little closer to concrete for an explanation. Say I've got the following files:

• foo.h
  • declares the interface of class MyClass<T>
• foo.cpp
  • defines the implementation of class MyClass<T>
• bar.cpp
  • uses MyClass<int>

Separate compilation means I should be able to compile foo.cpp independently from bar.cpp. The compiler does all the hard work of analysis, optimization, and code generation on each compilation unit completely independently; we don't need to do whole-program analysis. It's only the linker that needs to handle the entire program at once, and the linker's job is substantially easier.

bar.cpp doesn't even need to exist when I compile foo.cpp, but I should still be able to link the foo.o I already had together with the bar.o I've only just produced, without needing to recompile foo.cpp. foo.cpp could even be compiled into a dynamic library, distributed somewhere else without foo.cpp, and linked with code they write years after I wrote foo.cpp.

"Instantiation-style polymorphism" means that the template MyClass<T> isn't really a generic class that can be compiled to code that can work for any value of T. That would add overhead such as boxing, needing to pass function pointers to allocators and constructors, etc. The intention of C++ templates is to avoid having to write nearly identical class MyClass_int, class MyClass_float, etc, but to still be able to end up with compiled code that is mostly as if we had written each version separately. So a template is literally a template; a class template is not a class, it's a recipe for creating a new class for each T we encounter. A template cannot be compiled into code, only the result of instantiating the template can be compiled.

So when foo.cpp is compiled, the compiler can't see bar.cpp to know that MyClass<int> is needed. It can see the template MyClass<T>, but it can't emit code for that (it's a template, not a class). And when bar.cpp is compiled, the compiler can see that it needs to create a MyClass<int>, but it can't see the template MyClass<T> (only its interface in foo.h) so it can't create it.

If foo.cpp itself uses MyClass<int>, then code for that will be generated while compiling foo.cpp, so when bar.o is linked to foo.o they can be hooked up and will work. We can use that fact to allow a finite set of template instantiations to be implemented in a .cpp file by writing a single template. But there's no way for bar.cpp to use the template as a template and instantiate it on whatever types it likes; it can only use pre-existing versions of the templated class that the author of foo.cpp thought to provide.

You might think that when compiling a template the compiler should "generate all versions", with the ones that are never used being filtered out during linking. Aside from the huge overhead and the extreme difficulties such an approach would face because "type modifier" features like pointers and arrays allow even just the built-in types to give rise to an infinite number of types, what happens when I now extend my program by adding:

• baz.cpp
  • declares and implements class BazPrivate, and uses MyClass<BazPrivate>

There is no possible way that this could work unless we either

1. Have to recompile foo.cpp every time we change any other file in the program, in case it added a new novel instantiation of MyClass<T>
2. Require that baz.cpp contains (possibly via header includes) the full template of MyClass<T>, so that the compiler can generate MyClass<BazPrivate> during compilation of baz.cpp.

Nobody likes (1), because whole-program-analysis compilation systems take forever to compile , and because it makes it impossible to distribute compiled libraries without the source code. So we have (2) instead.

IF EXISTS() is semantically incorrect. EXISTS condition can be used only inside a SQL statement. So you might rewrite your pl/sql block as follows:

declare
  l_exst number(1);
begin
  select case 
           when exists(select ce.s_regno 
                         from courseoffering co
                         join co_enrolment ce
                           on ce.co_id = co.co_id
                        where ce.s_regno=403 
                          and ce.coe_completionstatus = 'C' 
                          and ce.c_id = 803
                          and rownum = 1
                        )
           then 1
           else 0
         end  into l_exst
  from dual;

  if l_exst = 1 
  then
    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('YES YOU CAN');
  else
    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('YOU CANNOT'); 
  end if;
end;

Or you can simply use count function do determine the number of rows returned by the query, and rownum=1 predicate - you only need to know if a record exists:

declare
  l_exst number;
begin
   select count(*) 
     into l_exst
     from courseoffering co
          join co_enrolment ce
            on ce.co_id = co.co_id
    where ce.s_regno=403 
      and ce.coe_completionstatus = 'C' 
      and ce.c_id = 803
      and rownum = 1;

  if l_exst = 0
  then
    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('YOU CANNOT');
  else
    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('YES YOU CAN');
  end if;
end;

If you're using Angular's ng-repeat to populate the table hackel's jquery snippet will not work by placing it in the document load event. You'll need to run the snippet after angular has finished rendering the table.

To trigger an event after ng-repeat has rendered try this directive:

var app = angular.module('myapp', [])
.directive('onFinishRender', function ($timeout) {
return {
    restrict: 'A',
    link: function (scope, element, attr) {
        if (scope.$last === true) {
            $timeout(function () {
                scope.$emit('ngRepeatFinished');
            });
        }
    }
}
});

Complete example in angular: http://jsfiddle.net/ADukg/6880/

I got the directive from here: Use AngularJS just for routing purposes

You don't need jQuery to create a Script DOM Element. It can be done with vanilla ES6 like so:

const script = "console.log('Did it work?')"
new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
  (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){
      a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];
      a.innerText=g;
      a.onload=r;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)}
  )(window,document,'script',script, resolve())
}).then(() => console.log('Sure did!'))

It doesn't need to be wrapped in a Promise, but doing so allows you to resolve the promise when the script loads, helping prevent race conditions for long-running scripts.

Type it in one cell, copy that cell, select all the cells you want to fill, and paste.

Alternatively, type it in one cell, select the black square in the bottom-right of that cell, and drag down.

You need to do something like this:

// instantiate XmlDocument and load XML from file
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(@"D:\test.xml");

// get a list of nodes - in this case, I'm selecting all <AID> nodes under
// the <GroupAIDs> node - change to suit your needs
XmlNodeList aNodes = doc.SelectNodes("/Equipment/DataCollections/GroupAIDs/AID");

// loop through all AID nodes
foreach (XmlNode aNode in aNodes)
{
   // grab the "id" attribute
   XmlAttribute idAttribute = aNode.Attributes["id"];

   // check if that attribute even exists...
   if (idAttribute != null)
   {
      // if yes - read its current value
      string currentValue = idAttribute.Value;

      // here, you can now decide what to do - for demo purposes,
      // I just set the ID value to a fixed value if it was empty before
      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(currentValue))
      {
         idAttribute.Value = "515";
      }
   }
}

// save the XmlDocument back to disk
doc.Save(@"D:\test2.xml");

Update: In an effort to answer my own question, here is what I've been able to uncover so far. If anyone else out there has something, I'd still be interested to find out more.

• http://knockoutjs.com/documentation/plugins-mapping.html ;; knockoutjs.com nice
• http://jsonviewer.arianv.com/ ;; Cute minimal one that works offline
• http://www.alkemis.com/jsonEditor.htm ; this one looks pretty nice
• http://www.thomasfrank.se/json_editor.html
• http://www.decafbad.com/2005/07/map-test/tree2.html Outline editor, not really JSON
• http://json.bubblemix.net/ Visualise JSON structute, edit inline and export back to prettified JSON.
• http://jsoneditoronline.org/ Example added by StackOverflow thread participant. Source: https://github.com/josdejong/jsoneditor
• http://jsonmate.com/
• http://jsonviewer.stack.hu/
• mb21.github.io/JSONedit, built as an Angular directive

Based on JSON Schema

• https://github.com/json-editor/json-editor
• https://github.com/mozilla-services/react-jsonschema-form
• https://github.com/json-schema-form/angular-schema-form
• https://github.com/joshfire/jsonform
• https://github.com/gitana/alpaca
• https://github.com/marianoguerra/json-edit
• https://github.com/exavolt/onde
• Tool for generating JSON Schemas: http://www.jsonschema.net
• http://metawidget.org
• Visual JSON Editor, Windows Desktop Application (free, open source), http://visualjsoneditor.org/

Commercial (No endorsement intended or implied, may or may not meet requirement)

• Liquid XML - JSON Schema Editor Graphical JSON Schema editor and validator.
• http://www.altova.com/download-json-editor.html
• XML ValidatorBuddy - JSON and XML editor supports JSON syntax-checking, syntax-coloring, auto-completion, JSON Pointer evaluation and JSON Schema validation.

jQuery

• formbuilder jQuery drag and drop
• formeo
• shalotelli form_builder

YAML

• Konstellate Reddit Post

See Also

• Google blockly
• Is there a JSON api based CMS that is hosted locally?
• cms-based concept ;; http://www.webhook.com/
• tree-based widget ;; http://mbraak.github.io/jqTree/
• http://mjsarfatti.com/sandbox/nestedSortable/
• http://jsonviewer.codeplex.com/
• http://xmlwebpad.codeplex.com/
• http://tadviewer.com/
• https://studio3t.com/knowledge-base/articles/visual-query-builder/

Here is an example of how to use urllib.request object from Python standard library.

import urllib.request
import json
from pprint import pprint

url = "https://app.close.com/hackwithus/3d63efa04a08a9e0/"

values = {
    "first_name": "Vlad",
    "last_name": "Bezden",
    "urls": [
        "https://twitter.com/VladBezden",
        "https://github.com/vlad-bezden",
    ],
}


headers = {
    "Content-Type": "application/json",
    "Accept": "application/json",
}

data = json.dumps(values).encode("utf-8")
pprint(data)

try:
    req = urllib.request.Request(url, data, headers)
    with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as f:
        res = f.read()
    pprint(res.decode())
except Exception as e:
    pprint(e)

Angular has min and max validators but only for Reactive Forms. As it says in the docs: "The validator exists only as a function and not as a directive."

To be able to use these validators in template-driven forms you need to create custom directives. In my implementation i use @HostBinding to also apply the HTML min/max-attributes. My selectors are also quite specific to prevent validation running on custom form controls that implements ControlValueAccessor with a min or max input (e.g. MatDatePickerInput)

min-validator:

import { Directive, HostBinding, Input } from '@angular/core';
import { AbstractControl, NG_VALIDATORS, ValidationErrors, Validator, Validators } from '@angular/forms';

@Directive({
  selector: 'input[type=number][min][formControlName],input[type=number][min][formControl],input[type=number][min][ngModel]',
  providers: [{ provide: NG_VALIDATORS, useExisting: MinValidatorDirective, multi: true }]
})
export class MinValidatorDirective implements Validator {
  @HostBinding('attr.min') @Input() min: number;

  constructor() { }

  validate(control: AbstractControl): ValidationErrors | null {
    const validator = Validators.min(this.min);
    return validator(control);
  }
}

max-validator:

import { Directive, HostBinding, Input } from '@angular/core';
import { AbstractControl, NG_VALIDATORS, ValidationErrors, Validator, Validators } from '@angular/forms';

@Directive({
  selector: 'input[type=number][max][formControlName],input[type=number][max][formControl],input[type=number][max][ngModel]',
  providers: [{ provide: NG_VALIDATORS, useExisting: MaxValidatorDirective, multi: true }]
})
export class MaxValidatorDirective implements Validator {
  @HostBinding('attr.max') @Input() max: number;

  constructor() { }

  validate(control: AbstractControl): ValidationErrors | null {
    const validator = Validators.max(this.max);
    return validator(control);
  }
}

To expand on Dennis's answer, use awk's -v option to pass the i and j values:

# print the j'th field of the i'th line
awk -v i=5 -v j=3 'FNR == i {print $j}'

A -exec command must be terminated with a ; (so you usually need to type \; or ';' to avoid interpretion by the shell) or a +. The difference is that with ;, the command is called once per file, with +, it is called just as few times as possible (usually once, but there is a maximum length for a command line, so it might be split up) with all filenames. See this example:

$ cat /tmp/echoargs
#!/bin/sh
echo $1 - $2 - $3
$ find /tmp/foo -exec /tmp/echoargs {} \;
/tmp/foo - -
/tmp/foo/one - -
/tmp/foo/two - -
$ find /tmp/foo -exec /tmp/echoargs {} +
/tmp/foo - /tmp/foo/one - /tmp/foo/two

Your command has two errors:

First, you use {};, but the ; must be a parameter of its own.

Second, the command ends at the &&. You specified “run find, and if that was successful, remove the file named {};.“. If you want to use shell stuff in the -exec command, you need to explicitly run it in a shell, such as -exec sh -c 'ffmpeg ... && rm'.

However you should not add the {} inside the bash command, it will produce problems when there are special characters. Instead, you can pass additional parameters to the shell after -c command_string (see man sh):

$ ls
$(echo damn.)
$ find * -exec sh -c 'echo "{}"' \;
damn.
$ find * -exec sh -c 'echo "$1"' - {} \;
$(echo damn.)

You see the $ thing is evaluated by the shell in the first example. Imagine there was a file called $(rm -rf /) :-)

(Side note: The - is not needed, but the first variable after the command is assigned to the variable $0, which is a special variable normally containing the name of the program being run and setting that to a parameter is a little unclean, though it won't cause any harm here probably, so we set that to just - and start with $1.)

So your command could be something like

find -exec bash -c 'ffmpeg -i "$1" -sameq "$1".mp3 && rm "$1".mp3' - {} \;

But there is a better way. find supports and and or, so you may do stuff like find -name foo -or -name bar. But that also works with -exec, which evaluates to true if the command exits successfully, and to false if not. See this example:

$ ls
false  true
$ find * -exec {} \; -and -print
true

It only runs the print if the command was successfully, which it did for true but not for false.

So you can use two exec statements chained with an -and, and it will only execute the latter if the former was run successfully.

    public List<TEntity> Clone<TEntity>(List<TEntity> o1List) where TEntity : class , new()
    {
        List<TEntity> retList = new List<TEntity>();
        try
        {
            Type sourceType = typeof(TEntity);
            foreach(var o1 in o1List)
            {
                TEntity o2 = new TEntity();
                foreach (PropertyInfo propInfo in (sourceType.GetProperties()))
                {
                    var val = propInfo.GetValue(o1, null);
                    propInfo.SetValue(o2, val);
                }
                retList.Add(o2);
            }
            return retList;
        }
        catch
        {
            return retList;
        }
    }

Well, instead of passing Application.Current.MainWindow, just pass a reference to whichever window it is you want: new WindowInteropHelper(this).Handle and so on.

I believe the OP is long gone, but in case this answer is able to help future searchers, I thought I'd post a solution that I have found. I have added this code into my onCreate() method:

EDITED: 07/05/11 to include code from comments:

final TextView tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.image_test);
ViewTreeObserver vto = tv.getViewTreeObserver();
vto.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new OnGlobalLayoutListener() {

    @Override
    public void onGlobalLayout() {
        LayerDrawable ld = (LayerDrawable)tv.getBackground();
        ld.setLayerInset(1, 0, tv.getHeight() / 2, 0, 0);
        ViewTreeObserver obs = tv.getViewTreeObserver();

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN) {
            obs.removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(this);
        } else {
            obs.removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(this);
        }
    }

});

First I get a final reference to my TextView (to access in the onGlobalLayout() method). Next, I get the ViewTreeObserver from my TextView, and add an OnGlobalLayoutListener, overriding onGLobalLayout (there does not seem to be a superclass method to invoke here...) and adding my code which requires knowing the measurements of the view into this listener. All works as expected for me, so I hope that this is able to help.

You must add this code in your Service class so that it handles the case when your process is being killed

 @Override
    public void onTaskRemoved(Intent rootIntent) {
        Intent restartServiceIntent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), this.getClass());
        restartServiceIntent.setPackage(getPackageName());

        PendingIntent restartServicePendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(getApplicationContext(), 1, restartServiceIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_ONE_SHOT);
        AlarmManager alarmService = (AlarmManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
        alarmService.set(
                AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME,
                SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() + 1000,
                restartServicePendingIntent);

        super.onTaskRemoved(rootIntent);
    }

See "The Evils of the For Loop" for a good explanation (there's one small difference considering variable scoping).

Using each is considered more idiomatic use of Ruby.

DECLARE @id INT 
SET @id = 0 
UPDATE DESTINATAIRE_TEMP
SET @id = CODE_DEST = @id + 1 
GO 

try this

http://www.mssqltips.com/sqlservertip/1467/populate-a-sql-server-column-with-a-sequential-number-not-using-an-identity/

How about iTextSharp?

iText is a PDF (among others) generation library that is also ported (and kept in sync) to C#.

There are multiple options to implement SSO for a .NET application.

Check out the following tutorials online:

Basics of Single Sign on, July 2012

http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/429166/Basics-of-Single-Sign-on-SSO

GaryMcAllisterOnline: ASP.NET MVC 4, ADFS 2.0 and 3rd party STS integration (IdentityServer2), Jan 2013

http://garymcallisteronline.blogspot.com/2013/01/aspnet-mvc-4-adfs-20-and-3rd-party-sts.html

The first one uses ASP.NET Web Forms, while the second one uses ASP.NET MVC4.

If your requirements allow you to use a third-party solution, also consider OpenID. There's an open source library called DotNetOpenAuth.

For further information, read MSDN blog post Integrate OpenAuth/OpenID with your existing ASP.NET application using Universal Providers.

Hope this helps!

do adb pull \sdcard\log.txt C:Users\admin\Desktop

Android, Python !

When I saw these two keywords together in your question, Kivy is the one which came to my mind first.

Before coming to native Android development in Java using Android Studio, I had tried Kivy. It just awesome. Here are a few advantage I could find out.

Simple to use

With a python basics, you won't have trouble learning it.

Good community

It's well documented and has a great, active community.

Cross platform.

You can develop thing for Android, iOS, Windows, Linux and even Raspberry Pi with this single framework. Open source.

It is a free software

At least few of it's (Cross platform) competitors want you to pay a fee if you want a commercial license.

Accelerated graphics support

Kivy's graphics engine build over OpenGL ES 2 makes it suitable for softwares which require fast graphics rendering such as games.

Now coming into the next part of question, you can't use Android Studio IDE for Kivy. Here is a detailed guide for setting up the development environment.

When Command Extensions are enabled (Windows XP and newer, roughly), you can use the syntax %~nF (where F is the variable and ~n is the request for its name) to only get the filename.

FOR /R C:\Directory %F in (*.*) do echo %~nF

should echo only the filenames.

You can change

Range("B3:B65536").Copy Destination:=Sheets("DB").Range("B" & lastrow)

to

Range("B3:B65536").Copy 
Sheets("DB").Range("B" & lastrow).PasteSpecial xlPasteValues

BTW, if you have xls file (excel 2003), you would get an error if your lastrow would be greater 3.

Try to use this code instead:

Sub Get_Data()
    Dim lastrowDB As Long, lastrow As Long
    Dim arr1, arr2, i As Integer

    With Sheets("DB")
        lastrowDB = .Cells(.Rows.Count, "A").End(xlUp).Row + 1
    End With

    arr1 = Array("B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "AH", "AI", "AJ", "J", "P", "AF")
    arr2 = Array("B", "A", "C", "P", "D", "E", "G", "F", "H", "I", "J")

    For i = LBound(arr1) To UBound(arr1)
        With Sheets("Sheet1")
             lastrow = Application.Max(3, .Cells(.Rows.Count, arr1(i)).End(xlUp).Row)
             .Range(.Cells(3, arr1(i)), .Cells(lastrow, arr1(i))).Copy
             Sheets("DB").Range(arr2(i) & lastrowDB).PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
        End With
    Next
    Application.CutCopyMode = False
End Sub

Note, above code determines last non empty row on DB sheet in column A (variable lastrowDB). If you need to find lastrow for each destination column in DB sheet, use next modification:

For i = LBound(arr1) To UBound(arr1)
   With Sheets("DB")
       lastrowDB = .Cells(.Rows.Count, arr2(i)).End(xlUp).Row + 1
   End With

   ' NEXT CODE

Next

You could also use next approach instead Copy/PasteSpecial. Replace

.Range(.Cells(3, arr1(i)), .Cells(lastrow, arr1(i))).Copy
Sheets("DB").Range(arr2(i) & lastrowDB).PasteSpecial xlPasteValues

with

Sheets("DB").Range(arr2(i) & lastrowDB).Resize(lastrow - 2).Value = _
      .Range(.Cells(3, arr1(i)), .Cells(lastrow, arr1(i))).Value

Serving static files can be achieved in several ways; here are my notes to self:

• add a static/my_app/ directory to my_app (see the note about namespacing below)
• define a new top level directory and add that to STATICFILES_DIRS in settings.py (note that The STATICFILES_DIRS setting should not contain the STATIC_ROOT setting)

I prefer the first way, and a setup that's close to the way defined in the documentation, so in order to serve the file admin-custom.css to override a couple of admin styles, I have a setup like so:

.
+-- my_app/
¦   +-- static/
¦   ¦   +-- my_app/
¦   ¦       +-- admin-custom.css
¦   +-- settings.py
¦   +-- urls.py
¦   +-- wsgi.py
+-- static/
+-- templates/
¦   +-- admin/
¦       +-- base.html
+-- manage.py

# settings.py
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

This is then used in the template like so:

# /templates/admin/base.html
{% extends "admin/base.html" %}
{% load static %}

{% block extrahead %}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static "my_app/admin-custom.css" %}">
{% endblock %}

During development, if you use django.contrib.staticfiles [ed: installed by default], this will be done automatically by runserver when DEBUG is set to True [...]

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/

When deploying, I run collectstatic and serve static files with nginx.

The docs which cleared up all the confusion for me:

STATIC_ROOT

The absolute path to the directory where collectstatic will collect static files for deployment.

...it is not a place to store your static files permanently. You should do that in directories that will be found by staticfiles’s finders, which by default, are 'static/' app sub-directories and any directories you include in STATICFILES_DIRS).

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#static-root

Static file namespacing

Now we might be able to get away with putting our static files directly in my_app/static/ (rather than creating another my_app subdirectory), but it would actually be a bad idea. Django will use the first static file it finds whose name matches, and if you had a static file with the same name in a different application, Django would be unable to distinguish between them. We need to be able to point Django at the right one, and the easiest way to ensure this is by namespacing them. That is, by putting those static files inside another directory named for the application itself.

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/

STATICFILES_DIRS

Your project will probably also have static assets that aren’t tied to a particular app. In addition to using a static/ directory inside your apps, you can define a list of directories (STATICFILES_DIRS) in your settings file where Django will also look for static files.

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/

Really fast, really easy:

srand(time(NULL)); // Seed the time
int finalNum = rand()%(max-min+1)+min; // Generate the number, assign to variable.

And that is it. However, this is biased towards the lower end, but if you are using C++ TR1/C++11 you can do it using the random header to avoid that bias like so:

#include <random>

std::mt19937 rng(seed);
std::uniform_int_distribution<int> gen(min, max); // uniform, unbiased

int r = gen(rng);

But you can also remove the bias in normal C++ like this:

int rangeRandomAlg2 (int min, int max){
    int n = max - min + 1;
    int remainder = RAND_MAX % n;
    int x;
    do{
        x = rand();
    }while (x >= RAND_MAX - remainder);
    return min + x % n;
}

and that was gotten from this post.

This is what worked for me. Combination of answers by amalBit & Melbourne Lopes

public void timerDelayRunForScroll(long time) {
    Handler handler = new Handler(); 
    handler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {           
        public void run() {   
            try {
                  int h1 = mListView.getHeight();
                  int h2 = v.getHeight();

                  mListView.smoothScrollToPositionFromTop(YOUR_POSITION, h1/2 - h2/2, 500);  

            } catch (Exception e) {}
        }
    }, time); 
}

and then call this method like:

timerDelayRunForScroll(400);

Ok I have found a solution. The problem is that the site uses SSLv3. And I know that there are some problems in the openssl module. Some time ago I had the same problem with the SSL versions.

<?php
function getSSLPage($url) {
    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSLVERSION,3); 
    $result = curl_exec($ch);
    curl_close($ch);
    return $result;
}

var_dump(getSSLPage("https://eresearch.fidelity.com/eresearch/evaluate/analystsOpinionsReport.jhtml?symbols=api"));
?>

When you set the SSL Version with curl to v3 then it works.

Edit:

Another problem under Windows is that you don't have access to the certificates. So put the root certificates directly to curl.

http://curl.haxx.se/docs/caextract.html

here you can download the root certificates.

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CAINFO, __DIR__ . "/certs/cacert.pem");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, true);

Then you can use the CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER option with true otherwise you get an error.

you can use this extension method and call it like this.

DataTable dt =   YourList.ToDataTable();

public static DataTable ToDataTable<T>(this List<T> iList)
        {
            DataTable dataTable = new DataTable();
            PropertyDescriptorCollection propertyDescriptorCollection =
                TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(typeof(T));
            for (int i = 0; i < propertyDescriptorCollection.Count; i++)
            {
                PropertyDescriptor propertyDescriptor = propertyDescriptorCollection[i];
                Type type = propertyDescriptor.PropertyType;

                if (type.IsGenericType && type.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>))
                    type = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(type);


                dataTable.Columns.Add(propertyDescriptor.Name, type);
            }
            object[] values = new object[propertyDescriptorCollection.Count];
            foreach (T iListItem in iList)
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
                {
                    values[i] = propertyDescriptorCollection[i].GetValue(iListItem);
                }
                dataTable.Rows.Add(values);
            }
            return dataTable;
        }

Set KeyboardType Property :- Number Pad TextField Delegate please write below code

  func textField(_ textField: UITextField, shouldChangeCharactersIn 
  range: NSRange, replacementString string: String) -> Bool {

    if textField.text?.count == 0 && string == "0" {
        return false
    }
    return string == string.filter("0123456789".contains)
}

Number should not start from 0 and entered number +ve.

If you want to do it the way the calculator actually does it, use the Babylonian technique. It is explained here and here.

Suppose you want to calculate the square root of 2:

a=2

a1 = (a/2)+1
b1 = a/a1
aminus1 = a1
bminus1 = b1


while (aminus1-bminus1 > 0):
    an = 0.5 * (aminus1 + bminus1)
    bn = a / an
    aminus1 = an
    bminus1 = bn
    print(an,bn,an-bn)

Visual Studio 2010 has the "Navigate To" command, which might be what you are looking for. The default keyboard shortcut is CTRL + ,. Here is an overview of some of the options for navigating in Visual Studio 2010.

Here is my contribution, that deals with any URL using http or https, and use Promises.

const http = require('http')
const https = require('https')
const url = require('url')

function getHeaders(myURL) {
  const parsedURL = url.parse(myURL)
  const options = {
    protocol: parsedURL.protocol,
    hostname: parsedURL.hostname,
    method: 'HEAD',
    path: parsedURL.path
  }
  let protocolHandler = (parsedURL.protocol === 'https:' ? https : http)

  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    let req = protocolHandler.request(options, (res) => {
      resolve(res.headers)
    })
    req.on('error', (e) => {
      reject(e)
    })
    req.end()
  })
}

getHeaders(myURL).then((headers) => {
  console.log(headers)
})

In addition to the other responses:

Once obtained, Access Tokens are typically sent along with every request from Clients to protected Resource Servers. This induce a risk for access token stealing and replay (assuming of course that access tokens are of type "Bearer" (as defined in the initial RFC6750).

Examples of those risks, in real life:

• Resource Servers generally are distributed application servers and typically have lower security levels compared to Authorization Servers (lower SSL/TLS config, less hardening, etc.). Authorization Servers on the other hand are usually considered as critical Security infrastructure and are subject to more severe hardening.

• Access Tokens may show up in HTTP traces, logs, etc. that are collected legitimately for diagnostic purposes on the Resource Servers or clients. Those traces can be exchanged over public or semi-public places (bug tracers, service-desk, etc.).

• Backend RS applications can be outsourced to more or less trustworthy third-parties.

The Refresh Token, on the other hand, is typically transmitted only twice over the wires, and always between the client and the Authorization Server: once when obtained by client, and once when used by client during refresh (effectively "expiring" the previous refresh token). This is a drastically limited opportunity for interception and replay.

Last thought, Refresh Tokens offer very little protection, if any, against compromised clients.

This may be the fastest way:

>> from array import array
>> a = ['a','b','c','d']
>> array('B', map(ord,a)).tostring()
'abcd'

I've been doing testing with ADF components and you have to have a separate command for scrolling if lazy loading is used. If the object is not loaded and you attempt to find it using Selenium, Selenium will throw an element-not-found exception.

Another option is to format your axis tick labels with commas is by using the package scales, and add

 scale_y_continuous(name="Fluorescent intensity/arbitrary units", labels = comma)

to your ggplot statement.

If you don't want to load the package, use:

scale_y_continuous(name="Fluorescent intensity/arbitrary units", labels = scales::comma)

import os
thisFile = "mysequence.fasta"
base = os.path.splitext(thisFile)[0]
os.rename(thisFile, base + ".aln")

Where thisFile = the absolute path of the file you are changing

Use chr() and ord():

>>> chr(97)
'a'
>>> ord('a')
97

In the converter of the chosen solution, you should add values.Clone() otherwise the parameters in the command end null

public class YourConverter : IMultiValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object[] values, ...)
    {
        return values.Clone();
    }

    ...
}

The second option is completely fine. I'm not sure why a responder said it was not possible. This is fine, and I do this all the time:

switch (variable)
{
    case 5:
    case 6:
    etc.
    case 100:
        doSomething();
    break;
}

you can probably ping the server via ajax inside javascript. The php file might look something like:

<?php
session_start();
$id = session_id();
echo $id;
?>

This will return you the current session id. Was this what you were looking for.

You can do:

for item in my_list[::-1]:
    print item

(Or whatever you want to do in the for loop.)

The [::-1] slice reverses the list in the for loop (but won't actually modify your list "permanently").

Python's if can be used as a ternary operator:

>>> 'true' if True else 'false'
'true'
>>> 'true' if False else 'false'
'false'

Here's a revised version of your code which still works plus it illustrates how to raise a ValueError the way you want. By-the-way, I think find_last(), find_last_index(), or something simlar would be a more descriptive name for this function. Adding to the possible confusion is the fact that Python already has a container object method named __contains__() that does something a little different, membership-testing-wise.

def contains(char_string, char):
    largest_index = -1
    for i, ch in enumerate(char_string):
        if ch == char:
            largest_index = i
    if largest_index > -1:  # any found?
        return largest_index  # return index of last one
    else:
        raise ValueError('could not find {!r} in {!r}'.format(char, char_string))

print(contains('mississippi', 's'))  # -> 6
print(contains('bababa', 'k'))  # ->

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "how-to-raise-a-valueerror.py", line 15, in <module>
    print(contains('bababa', 'k'))
  File "how-to-raise-a-valueerror.py", line 12, in contains
    raise ValueError('could not find {} in {}'.format(char, char_string))
ValueError: could not find 'k' in 'bababa'

Update — A substantially simpler way

Wow! Here's a much more concise version—essentially a one-liner—that is also likely faster because it reverses (via [::-1]) the string before doing a forward search through it for the first matching character and it does so using the fast built-in string index() method. With respect to your actual question, a nice little bonus convenience that comes with using index() is that it already raises a ValueError when the character substring isn't found, so nothing additional is required to make that happen.

Here it is along with a quick unit test:

def contains(char_string, char):
    #  Ending - 1 adjusts returned index to account for searching in reverse.
    return len(char_string) - char_string[::-1].index(char) - 1

print(contains('mississippi', 's'))  # -> 6
print(contains('bababa', 'k'))  # ->

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "better-way-to-raise-a-valueerror.py", line 9, in <module>
    print(contains('bababa', 'k'))
  File "better-way-to-raise-a-valueerror", line 6, in contains
    return len(char_string) - char_string[::-1].index(char) - 1
ValueError: substring not found

Use COUNT in a SELECT query.

$result = mysql_query('SELECT COUNT(1) FROM table');
$num_rows = mysql_result($result, 0, 0);

use the nextSibling and previousSibling properties:

<div id="foo1"></div>
<div id="foo2"></div>
<div id="foo3"></div>

document.getElementById('foo2').nextSibling; // #foo3
document.getElementById('foo2').previousSibling; // #foo1

However in some browsers (I forget which) you also need to check for whitespace and comment nodes:

var div = document.getElementById('foo2');
var nextSibling = div.nextSibling;
while(nextSibling && nextSibling.nodeType != 1) {
    nextSibling = nextSibling.nextSibling
}

Libraries like jQuery handle all these cross-browser checks for you out of the box.

I'm getting the same solution as @camino's comment on https://stackoverflow.com/a/19365454/10593190 and XavierStuvw's reply.

I got it to work (for installing ffmpeg) by simply reinstalling the whole thing from the beginning with all instances of $ ./configure replaced by $ ./configure --enable-shared (first make sure to delete all the folders and files including the .so files from the previous attempt).

Apparently this works because https://stackoverflow.com/a/13812368/10593190.

None of the above worked for me until I found that I had a blank "Any Architecture | Any SDK" line underneath Framework Search Paths / Debug under Build Settings.

Deleted the line and it works!

yum install MySQL-python.x86_64

worked for me.

$(document.body) is using the global reference document to get a reference to the body, whereas $('body') is a selector in which jQuery will get the reference to the <body> element on the document.

No major difference that I can see, not any noticeable performance gain from one to the other.

BtnAdd.CssClass = "BtnCss";

BtnCss should be present in your Css File.

(reference of that Css File name should be added to the aspx if needed)

GO isn't a keyword in SQL Server; it's a batch separator. GO ends a batch of statements. This is especially useful when you are using something like SQLCMD. Imagine you are entering in SQL statements on the command line. You don't necessarily want the thing to execute every time you end a statement, so SQL Server does nothing until you enter "GO".

Likewise, before your batch starts, you often need to have some objects visible. For example, let's say you are creating a database and then querying it. You can't write:

CREATE DATABASE foo;
USE foo;
CREATE TABLE bar;

because foo does not exist for the batch which does the CREATE TABLE. You'd need to do this:

CREATE DATABASE foo;
GO
USE foo;
CREATE TABLE bar;

You can't set a favicon from CSS - if you want to do this explicitly you have to do it in the markup as you described.

Most browsers will, however, look for a favicon.ico file on the root of the web site - so if you access http://example.com most browsers will look for http://example.com/favicon.ico automatically.

To add to Glenn's great answer, here's what I did to find which files were faulty:

find . -name "*.png" -type f -print0 | xargs \
       -0 pngcrush_1_8_8_w64.exe -n -q > pngError.txt 2>&1

I used the find and xargs because pngcrush could not handle lots of arguments (which were returned by **/*.png). The -print0 and -0 is required to handle file names containing spaces.

Then search in the output for these lines: iCCP: Not recognizing known sRGB profile that has been edited.

./Installer/Images/installer_background.png:    
Total length of data found in critical chunks            =     11286  
pngcrush: iCCP: Not recognizing known sRGB profile that has been edited

And for each of those, run mogrify on it to fix them.

mogrify ./Installer/Images/installer_background.png

Doing this prevents having a commit changing every single png file in the repository when only a few have actually been modified. Plus it has the advantage to show exactly which files were faulty.

I tested this on Windows with a Cygwin console and a zsh shell. Thanks again to Glenn who put most of the above, I'm just adding an answer as it's usually easier to find than comments :)

Well I guess you can use checked="false". That is the html way to leave a checkbox unchecked. You can refer to http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/dom_obj_checkbox.asp.

Well if you want to use java.util.Date only, here is a small trick you can use:

String dateString = Long.toString(Date.UTC(date.getYear(), date.getMonth(), date.getDate(), date.getHours(), date.getMinutes(), date.getSeconds()));

<LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
    <TextView
            android:id="@+id/failresults"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginTop="3dp"
            android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal"
            android:text=""
            android:textSize="12sp" />
</LinearLayout>

if you have textview inside linearlayout, you need set them both gravity to center

Reloading the configuration file (my.cnf) cannot be done without restarting the mysqld server.

FLUSH LOGS only rotates a few log files.

SET @@...=... sets it for anyone not yet logged in, but it will go away after the next restart. But that gives a clue... Do the SET, and change my.cnf; that way you are covered. Caveat: Not all settings can be performed via SET.

New with MySQL 8.0...

SET PERSIST ... will set the global setting and save it past restarts. Nearly all settings can be adjusted this way.

Here I am going to explain not only the GROUP clause use, but also the Aggregate functions use.

The GROUP BY clause is used in conjunction with the aggregate functions to group the result-set by one or more columns. e.g.:

-- GROUP BY with one parameter:
SELECT column_name, AGGREGATE_FUNCTION(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name;

-- GROUP BY with two parameters:
SELECT
    column_name1,
    column_name2,
    AGGREGATE_FUNCTION(column_name3)
FROM
    table_name
GROUP BY
    column_name1,
    column_name2;

Remember this order:

1. SELECT (is used to select data from a database)

2. FROM (clause is used to list the tables)

3. WHERE (clause is used to filter records)

4. GROUP BY (clause can be used in a SELECT statement to collect data across multiple records and group the results by one or more columns)

5. HAVING (clause is used in combination with the GROUP BY clause to restrict the groups of returned rows to only those whose the condition is TRUE)

6. ORDER BY (keyword is used to sort the result-set)

You can use all of these if you are using aggregate functions, and this is the order that they must be set, otherwise you can get an error.

Aggregate Functions are:

MIN() returns the smallest value in a given column

MAX() returns the maximum value in a given column.

SUM() returns the sum of the numeric values in a given column

AVG() returns the average value of a given column

COUNT() returns the total number of values in a given column

COUNT(*) returns the number of rows in a table

SQL script examples about using aggregate functions:

Let's say we need to find the sale orders whose total sale is greater than $950. We combine the HAVING clause and the GROUP BY clause to accomplish this:

SELECT 
    orderId, SUM(unitPrice * qty) Total
FROM
    OrderDetails
GROUP BY orderId
HAVING Total > 950;

Counting all orders and grouping them customerID and sorting the result ascendant. We combine the COUNT function and the GROUP BY, ORDER BY clauses and ASC:

SELECT 
    customerId, COUNT(*)
FROM
    Orders
GROUP BY customerId
ORDER BY COUNT(*) ASC;

Retrieve the category that has an average Unit Price greater than $10, using AVG function combine with GROUP BY and HAVING clauses:

SELECT 
    categoryName, AVG(unitPrice)
FROM
    Products p
INNER JOIN
    Categories c ON c.categoryId = p.categoryId
GROUP BY categoryName
HAVING AVG(unitPrice) > 10;

Getting the less expensive product by each category, using the MIN function in a subquery:

SELECT categoryId,
       productId,
       productName,
       unitPrice
FROM Products p1
WHERE unitPrice = (
                SELECT MIN(unitPrice)
                FROM Products p2
                WHERE p2.categoryId = p1.categoryId)

The following statement groups rows with the same values in both categoryId and productId columns:

SELECT 
    categoryId, categoryName, productId, SUM(unitPrice)
FROM
    Products p
INNER JOIN
    Categories c ON c.categoryId = p.categoryId
GROUP BY categoryId, productId

This is the only thing that worked for me for both IE and Google Chrome, I think it's mostly because of the .body.scrollHeight stuff, which works in IE best. I put +30 for Firefox ...

jQuery.fancybox({
  href: href,
  type: "iframe",
  centerOnScroll: 'true',
  scrolling: 'no',
  width: 650,
  'onComplete': function() {
    jQuery('#fancybox-frame').load(function() {
      jQuery('#fancybox-content').height(this.contentWindow.document.body.scrollHeight + 30);
    });
  }
});

The list of encodings that node supports natively is rather short:

• ascii
• base64
• hex
• ucs2/ucs-2/utf16le/utf-16le
• utf8/utf-8
• binary/latin1 (ISO8859-1, latin1 only in node 6.4.0+)

If you are using an older version than 6.4.0, or don't want to deal with non-Unicode encodings, you can recode the string:

Use iconv-lite to recode files:

var iconvlite = require('iconv-lite');
var fs = require('fs');

function readFileSync_encoding(filename, encoding) {
    var content = fs.readFileSync(filename);
    return iconvlite.decode(content, encoding);
}

Alternatively, use iconv:

var Iconv = require('iconv').Iconv;
var fs = require('fs');

function readFileSync_encoding(filename, encoding) {
    var content = fs.readFileSync(filename);
    var iconv = new Iconv(encoding, 'UTF-8');
    var buffer = iconv.convert(content);
    return buffer.toString('utf8');
}

Running R under Gentoo on an AMD64. I upgraded to R 2.12.0

R version 2.12.0 (2010-10-15) Copyright (C) 2010 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing ISBN 3-900051-07-0 Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit) and those pesky messages went away.

Jan Vandermeer

Worked a day for this project. It maybe useful for u. I compressed and combined both Network and GPS. Plug and play directly in MainActivity.java (There are some DIY function for display result)

 ///////////////////////////////////
////////// LOCATION PACK //////////
// 
//  locationManager: (LocationManager) for getting LOCATION_SERVICE
//  osLocation: (Location) getting location data via standard method
//  dataLocation: class type storage locztion data
//    x,y: (Double) Longtitude, Latitude
//  location: (dataLocation) variable contain absolute location info. Autoupdate after run locationStart();
//  AutoLocation: class help getting provider info
//  tmLocation: (Timer) for running update location over time
//  LocationStart(int interval): start getting location data with setting interval time cycle in milisecond
//  LocationStart(): LocationStart(500)
//  LocationStop(): stop getting location data
//
//  EX:
//    LocationStart(); cycleF(new Runnable() {public void run(){bodyM.text("LOCATION \nLatitude: " + location.y+ "\nLongitude: " + location.x).show();}},500);
//

LocationManager locationManager;
Location osLocation;
public class dataLocation {double x,y;}
dataLocation location=new dataLocation();
public class AutoLocation extends Activity implements LocationListener {
    @Override public void onLocationChanged(Location p1){}
    @Override public void onStatusChanged(String p1, int p2, Bundle p3){}
    @Override public void onProviderEnabled(String p1){}
    @Override public void onProviderDisabled(String p1){}
    public Location getLocation(String provider) {
        if (locationManager.isProviderEnabled(provider)) {
            locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(provider,0,0,this);
            if (locationManager != null) {
                osLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(provider);
                return osLocation;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}
Timer tmLocation=new Timer();
public void LocationStart(int interval){
    locationManager = (LocationManager) this.getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);
    final AutoLocation autoLocation = new AutoLocation();
    tmLocation=cycleF(new Runnable() {public void run(){ 
                Location nwLocation = autoLocation.getLocation(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
                if (nwLocation != null) {
                    location.y = nwLocation.getLatitude();
                    location.x = nwLocation.getLongitude();
                } else {
                    //bodym.text("NETWORK_LOCATION is loading...").show();
                }
                Location gpsLocation = autoLocation.getLocation(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
                if (gpsLocation != null) {
                    location.y = gpsLocation.getLatitude();
                    location.x = gpsLocation.getLongitude();    
                } else {
                    //bodym.text("GPS_LOCATION is loading...").show();
                }   
            }}, interval);
}
public void LocationStart(){LocationStart(500);};
public void LocationStop(){stopCycleF(tmLocation);}

//////////
///END//// LOCATION PACK //////////
//////////


/////////////////////////////
////////// RUNTIME //////////
//
// Need library:
//  import java.util.*;
//
// delayF(r,d): execute runnable r after d millisecond
//   Halt by execute the return: final Runnable rn=delayF(...); (new Handler()).post(rn);
// cycleF(r,i): execute r repeatedly with i millisecond each cycle
// stopCycleF(t): halt execute cycleF via the Timer return of cycleF
// 
// EX:
//   delayF(new Runnable(){public void run(){ sig("Hi"); }},2000);
//   final Runnable rn=delayF(new Runnable(){public void run(){ sig("Hi"); }},3000);
//     delayF(new Runnable(){public void run(){ (new Handler()).post(rn);sig("Hello"); }},1000);
//   final Timer tm=cycleF(new Runnable() {public void run(){ sig("Neverend"); }}, 1000);
//     delayF(new Runnable(){public void run(){ stopCycleF(tm);sig("Ended"); }},7000);
//
public static Runnable delayF(final Runnable r, long delay) {
    final Handler h = new Handler();
    h.postDelayed(r, delay);
    return new Runnable(){
        @Override
        public void run(){h.removeCallbacks(r);}
    };
}
public static Timer cycleF(final Runnable r, long interval) {
    final Timer t=new Timer();
    final Handler h = new Handler();
    t.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTask() {
            public void run() {h.post(r);}
        }, interval, interval);
    return t;
}
public void stopCycleF(Timer t){t.cancel();t.purge();}
public boolean serviceRunning(Class<?> serviceClass) {
    ActivityManager manager = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
    for (ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo service : manager.getRunningServices(Integer.MAX_VALUE)) {
        if (serviceClass.getName().equals(service.service.getClassName())) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}
//////////
///END//// RUNTIME //////////
//////////

How about this? It's extremely simplified:

1. The SPROC below has an output parameter of @ParentProductID

2. We want to select the value of the output of @ParentProductID into @MyParentProductID which is declared below.

3. Here's the Code:

   declare @MyParentProductID int
   
   exec p_CheckSplitProduct @ProductId = 4077, @ParentProductID =  @MyParentProductID output
   
   select @MyParentProductID
   

Once you get what abstract means in Java, you would ask: why they put this in ? Java may work without abstract stuff, BUT it makes part of a certain OO style or vocabulary. There exists really situations where an abstract class or method is an elegant way to express the program authors intention. Most when you are programming a framework or a library that will be used by others.

You can kill instantly doing it in that way:

private Thread _myThread = new Thread(SomeThreadMethod);

private void SomeThreadMethod()
{
   // do whatever you want
}

[SecurityPermissionAttribute(SecurityAction.Demand, ControlThread = true)]
private void KillTheThread()
{
   _myThread.Abort();
}

I always use it and works for me:)

Another way simpler than me has worked with SQL Developer 4 in Windows 7

spool "path_to_file\\filename.txt"
query to execute
spool of

You have to execute it as a script, because if not only the query will be saved in the output file In the path name I use the double character "\" as a separator when working with Windows and SQL, The output file will display the query and the result.

From http://psoug.org/reference/roles.html, create a procedure on your database for your user to do it:

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE GRANT_SELECT(to_user in varchar2) AS

  CURSOR ut_cur IS SELECT table_name FROM user_tables;

  RetVal  NUMBER;
  sCursor INT;
  sqlstr  VARCHAR2(250);

BEGIN
    FOR ut_rec IN ut_cur
    LOOP
      sqlstr := 'GRANT SELECT ON '|| ut_rec.table_name || ' TO ' || to_user;
      sCursor := dbms_sql.open_cursor;
      dbms_sql.parse(sCursor,sqlstr, dbms_sql.native);
      RetVal := dbms_sql.execute(sCursor);
      dbms_sql.close_cursor(sCursor);

    END LOOP;
END grant_select;

JQUERY INR v1.2

A simple jQuery plug-in for convert Rs. to standard Indian rupee symbol through out the web page. Simple to use and simple instillation

The Indian Rupee sign is the currency sign: ? for the Indian Rupee, the official currency of India. Designed by D. Udaya Kumar, it was presented to the public by the Government of India on 15 July 2010,[1] following its selection through an “open” competition among Indian residents. Before its adoption, the most commonly used symbols for the rupee were Rs, Re or, if the text was in an Indian language, an appropriate abbreviation in that language. The new sign relates solely to the Indian rupee; other countries that use a rupee, such as Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Nepal, still use the generic U+20A8 ? rupee sign character. The design resembles both the Devanagari letter "?" (ra) and the Latin capital letter "R", with a double horizontal line at the top.

Instillation:

1. Download the “jQueryINR_v1.2.zip” and extract.
2. copy images (“rupee.svg, rupee.gif”) to your images folder.
3. cope scripts folder to your project path or else copy the .js files to your script folder.
4. Download the “jQueryINR_v1.2.zip” and extract.
5. copy images (“rupee.svg, rupee.gif”) to your images folder.
6. cope scripts folder to your project path or else copy the .js files to your script folder.

7. Include jQuery min and jQuery Ui to your page first

   eg: NB: use jQuery stable version only

8. include the “indianRupee_v1.2.js” and “indianRupee_ctrl.js” after the jQuery library eg:

9. Use Span tag to wrap Rs through out the web it will replace with the symbol eg: Rs 1280000/-

Source:

Pay Him Rs 1280000/-

Pay Him Rs 528500/-

Pay Him Rs 1250/-

Pay Him Rs 1280000/-

Result:

   http://romy.theqtl.com/rupeePlugin/

Plug-in Options:

$("body").indianRupee({ targets:"span",// use as default we can also use [p, div, h1 , li etc...] vector:"on"//[on/off] of [true/false] NB: {vector not support in Internet Explore } });

Alternative solution: Using a WebView instead. Html is easy to work with.

WebView webview = new WebView(this);

String summary = "<html><body>Sorry, <span style=\"background: red;\">Madonna</span> gave no results</body></html>";

webview.loadData(summary, "text/html", "utf-8");

On saveAndFlush, changes will be flushed to DB immediately in this command. With save, this is not necessarily true, and might stay just in memory, until flush or commit commands are issued.

But be aware, that even if you flush the changes in transaction and do not commit them, the changes still won't be visible to the outside transactions until the commit in this transaction.

In your case, you probably use some sort of transactions mechanism, which issues commit command for you if everything works out fine.

In WPF the titlebar is part of the non-client area, which can't be modified through the WPF window class. You need to manipulate the Win32 handles (if I remember correctly).
This article could be helpful for you: Custom Window Chrome in WPF.

Having the right CSS and JS libraries helps, this solved it for me

<link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.12.1/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css">
<script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script>
<script src="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.12.1/jquery-ui.js"></script>

<table border="1"; width=100%>

works for me.

When I tried to access the result from

Object.keys(a).forEach(function (key){ console.log(a[key]); });

it was plain text result with no key-value pairs Here is an example

var fruits = {
    apple: "fruits/apple.png",
    banana: "fruits/banana.png",
    watermelon: "watermelon.jpg",
    grapes: "grapes.png",
    orange: "orange.jpg"
}

Now i want to get all links in a separated array , but with this code

    function linksOfPics(obJect){
Object.keys(obJect).forEach(function(x){
    console.log('\"'+obJect[x]+'\"');
});
}

the result of :

linksOfPics(fruits)



"fruits/apple.png"
 "fruits/banana.png"
 "watermelon.jpg"
 "grapes.png"
 "orange.jpg"
undefined

I figured out this one which solves what I'm looking for

  console.log(Object.values(fruits));
["fruits/apple.png", "fruits/banana.png", "watermelon.jpg", "grapes.png", "orange.jpg"]

The package can be uninstalled using the same uninstall or rm command that can be used for removing installed packages. The only thing to keep in mind is that the link needs to be uninstalled globally - the --global flag needs to be provided.

In order to uninstall the globally linked foo package, the following command can be used (using sudo if necessary, depending on your setup and permissions)

sudo npm rm --global foo

This will uninstall the package.

To check whether a package is installed, the npm ls command can be used:

npm ls --global foo

You can put your servers in the default_step group and those vars will apply to it:

# inventory file
[default_step]
prod2
web_v2

Then just move your default_step.yml file to group_vars/default_step.yml.

The variable names should be descriptive:

var date = new Date;
date.setTime(result_from_Date_getTime);

var seconds = date.getSeconds();
var minutes = date.getMinutes();
var hour = date.getHours();

var year = date.getFullYear();
var month = date.getMonth(); // beware: January = 0; February = 1, etc.
var day = date.getDate();

var dayOfWeek = date.getDay(); // Sunday = 0, Monday = 1, etc.
var milliSeconds = date.getMilliseconds();

The days of a given month do not change. In a leap year, February has 29 days. Inspired by http://www.javascriptkata.com/2007/05/24/how-to-know-if-its-a-leap-year/ (thanks Peter Bailey!)

Continued from the previous code:

var days_in_months = [31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31];
// for leap years, February has 29 days. Check whether
// February, the 29th exists for the given year
if( (new Date(year, 1, 29)).getDate() == 29 ) days_in_month[1] = 29;

There is no straightforward way to get the week of a year. For the answer on that question, see Is there a way in javascript to create a date object using year & ISO week number?

Set Precompile Bridging Header to No fix the problem for me.

Tyler from 'howchoo' made a really great article that helped me get a better idea of the Datetime Objects, link below

Working with Datetime

essentially, I just added the following to the end of both my datetime objects

.replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc)

Example:

import pytz
import datetime from datetime

date = datetime.now().replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc)

To do this in the layout.xml file:

android:textStyle

Examples:

android:textStyle="bold|italic"

Programmatically the method is:

setTypeface(Typeface tf)

Sets the typeface and style in which the text should be displayed. Note that not all Typeface families actually have bold and italic variants, so you may need to use setTypeface(Typeface, int) to get the appearance that you actually want.

If you're using Spring Boot, the simplest way to disable the Spring Security default headers is to use security.headers.* properties. In particular, if you want to disable the X-Frame-Options default header, just add the following to your application.properties:

security.headers.frame=false

There is also security.headers.cache, security.headers.content-type, security.headers.hsts and security.headers.xss properties that you can use. For more information, take a look at SecurityProperties.

If you want to compare to a string literal you need to put it in (single) quotes:

<xsl:if test="Count != 'N/A'">

You should create the response using Request.CreateResponse:

HttpResponseMessage response =  Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, "Error message");

You can pass objects not just strings to CreateResponse and it will serialize them based on the request's Accept header. This saves you from manually choosing a formatter.

As mentioned by @Brent in the comment of @maxymoo's answer, you can try

df.limit(10).toPandas()

to get a prettier table in Jupyter. But this can take some time to run if you are not caching the spark dataframe. Also, .limit() will not keep the order of original spark dataframe.

Starting another dispatch before your reducer is finished is an anti-pattern, because the state you received at the beginning of your reducer will not be the current application state anymore when your reducer finishes. But scheduling another dispatch from within a reducer is NOT an anti-pattern. In fact, that is what the Elm language does, and as you know Redux is an attempt to bring the Elm architecture to JavaScript.

Here is a middleware that will add the property asyncDispatch to all of your actions. When your reducer has finished and returned the new application state, asyncDispatch will trigger store.dispatch with whatever action you give to it.

// This middleware will just add the property "async dispatch" to all actions
const asyncDispatchMiddleware = store => next => action => {
  let syncActivityFinished = false;
  let actionQueue = [];

  function flushQueue() {
    actionQueue.forEach(a => store.dispatch(a)); // flush queue
    actionQueue = [];
  }

  function asyncDispatch(asyncAction) {
    actionQueue = actionQueue.concat([asyncAction]);

    if (syncActivityFinished) {
      flushQueue();
    }
  }

  const actionWithAsyncDispatch =
    Object.assign({}, action, { asyncDispatch });

  const res = next(actionWithAsyncDispatch);

  syncActivityFinished = true;
  flushQueue();

  return res;
};

Now your reducer can do this:

function reducer(state, action) {
  switch (action.type) {
    case "fetch-start":
      fetch('wwww.example.com')
        .then(r => r.json())
        .then(r => action.asyncDispatch({ type: "fetch-response", value: r }))
      return state;

    case "fetch-response":
      return Object.assign({}, state, { whatever: action.value });;
  }
}

The ChildActionOnly attribute ensures that an action method can be called only as a child method from within a view. An action method doesn’t need to have this attribute to be used as a child action, but we tend to use this attribute to prevent the action methods from being invoked as a result of a user request. Having defined an action method, we need to create what will be rendered when the action is invoked. Child actions are typically associated with partial views, although this is not compulsory.

1. [ChildActionOnly] allowing restricted access via code in View

2. State Information implementation for specific page URL. Example: Payment Page URL (paying only once) razor syntax allows to call specific actions conditional

"5 * x^3 - 6 * x^1 + 1".replaceAll("\\W*\\*\\W*","").replaceAll("\\^(\\d+)","<sup>$1</sup>");

please note that joining both replacements in a single regex/replacement would be a bad choice because more general expressions such as x^3 - 6 * x would fail.

They might be just a \r or a \n. I just checked and the text visualizer in VS 2010 displays both as newlines as well as \r\n.

This string

string test = "blah\r\nblah\rblah\nblah";

Shows up as

blah
blah
blah
blah

in the text visualizer.

So you could try

string modifiedString = originalString
    .Replace(Environment.NewLine, "<br />")
    .Replace("\r", "<br />")
    .Replace("\n", "<br />");

Since NumPy version 1.13 it contains an isnat function:

>>> import numpy as np
>>> np.isnat(np.datetime64('nat'))
True

It also works for arrays:

>>> np.isnat(np.array(['nat', 1, 2, 3, 4, 'nat', 5], dtype='datetime64[D]'))
array([ True, False, False, False, False,  True, False], dtype=bool)

We're using Install4J to build installers for windows or unix environments.

It's easily customizable up to the point where you want to write scripts for special actions that cannot be done with standard dialogues. But even though we're setting up windows services with it, we're only using standard components.

• installer + launcher
• windows or unix
• scriptable in Java
• ant task
• lots of customizable standard panels and actions
• optionally includes or downloads a JRE
• can also launch windows services
• multiple languages

I think Launch4J is from the same company (just the launcher - no installer).

PS: sadly i'm not getting paid for this endorsement. I just like that tool.

A simple way is just...

Number(42).toString(2);

// "101010"

If you don't need to use the information in the selected cell then clearing selection works but if you need to still use the information in the selected cell you can do this to make it appear there is no selection and the back color will still be visible.

private void dataGridView_SelectionChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        foreach (DataGridViewRow row in dataGridView.SelectedRows)
        {
            dataGridView.RowsDefaultCellStyle.SelectionBackColor = row.DefaultCellStyle.BackColor;
        }
    }

I recommend to use both. Rows and cols are required and useful if the client does not support CSS. But as a designer I overwrite them to get exactly the size I wish.

The recommended way to do it is via an external stylesheet e.g.

textarea {_x000D_
  width: 300px;_x000D_
  height: 150px;_x000D_
}

<textarea> </textarea>

I did @sajib s answer and used this script to redirect ports:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# packager
adb reverse tcp:8081 tcp:8081
adb -d reverse tcp:8081 tcp:8081
adb -e reverse tcp:8081 tcp:8081

echo " React Native Packager Redirected "

You could put \s* inbetween every character in your search string so if you were looking for cat you would use c\s*a\s*t\s*s\s*s

It's long but you could build the string dynamically of course.

You can see it working here: http://www.rubular.com/r/zzWwvppSpE

Don't try fixed window.orientation queries (0, 90 etc doesn't mean portrait, landscape etc):

http://www.matthewgifford.com/blog/2011/12/22/a-misconception-about-window-orientation/

Even on iOS7 depending how you come into the browser 0 isn't always portrait

Here is a nice plugin for jQuery that submits forms via ajax:

http://malsup.com/jquery/form/

its as simple as:

<script src="http://malsup.github.com/jquery.form.js"></script> 
<script> 
    $(document).ready(function() { 
        $('#myForm').ajaxForm(function() { 
           alert('form was submitted');
        }); 
    }); 
</script> 

It uses the forms action for the post location. Not that you can't achieve this with your own code but this plugin has worked very nicely for me!

Servlet Life Cycle

The lifecycle of a servlet is controlled by the container in which the servlet has been deployed. When a request is mapped to a servlet, the container performs the following steps.

1. If an instance of the servlet does not exist, the web container:

   a. Loads the servlet class

   b. Creates an instance of the servlet class

   c. Initializes the servlet instance by calling the init method (initialization is covered in Creating and Initializing a Servlet)

2. The container invokes the service method, passing request and response objects. Service methods are discussed in Writing Service Methods.

A 0 value on load-on-startup means that point 1 is executed when a request comes to that servlet. Other values means that point 1 is executed at container startup.

You can use the built-in pathlib module (requires Python 3.4+, but there are backports for older versions on PyPI: pathlib, pathlib2).

To remove a file there is the unlink method:

import pathlib
path = pathlib.Path(name_of_file)
path.unlink()

Or the rmdir method to remove an empty folder:

import pathlib
path = pathlib.Path(name_of_folder)
path.rmdir()

Besides all the PHP ways to refresh a page, the page will also be refreshed with the following HTML meta tag:

<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="5">

See Meta refresh - "automatically refresh the current web page or frame after a given time interval"

You can set the time within the content value.