Angular - Set headers for every request

Question

I need to set some Authorization headers after the user has logged in  for every subsequent request     To set headers for a particular request    import  Headers  from  angular2 http   var headers   new Headers    headers append headerName  value       HTTP POST using these headers this http post url  data      headers  headers       do something with the response   Reference  But it would be not be feasible to manually set request headers for every request in this way    How do I set the headers set once the user has logged in  and also remove those headers on logout

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Better late than never        You may take the concept of extended BaseRequestOptions from here https   angular io docs ts latest guide server-communication html   override-default-request-options  and refresh the headers  on the fly   not only in constructor   You may use getter setter  headers  property override like this   import   Injectable   from   angular core   import   BaseRequestOptions  RequestOptions  Headers   from   angular http     Injectable   export class DefaultRequestOptions extends BaseRequestOptions        private superHeaders  Headers       get headers                Set the default  Content-Type  header         this superHeaders set  Content-Type    application json             const token   localStorage getItem  authToken            if token                this superHeaders set  Authorization    Bearer   token               else               this superHeaders delete  Authorization                      return this superHeaders             set headers headers  Headers            this superHeaders   headers             constructor             super             export const requestOptionsProvider     provide  RequestOptions  useClass  DefaultRequestOptions

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In Angular 2 1 2 I approached this by extending the angular Http   import  Injectable  from   angular core   import  Http  Headers  RequestOptionsArgs  Request  Response  ConnectionBackend  RequestOptions  from   angular http   import  Observable  from  rxjs Observable     Injectable   export class HttpClient extends Http      constructor protected  backend  ConnectionBackend  protected  defaultOptions  RequestOptions         super  backend   defaultOptions           setCustomHeaders options   RequestOptionsArgs  RequestOptionsArgs      if  options          options   new RequestOptions                if localStorage getItem  id token             if   options headers             options headers   new Headers                    options headers set  Authorization   localStorage getItem  id token              return options          request url  string Request  options   RequestOptionsArgs   Observable lt Response gt        options   this  setCustomHeaders options       return super request url  options          then in my App Providers I was able to use a custom Factory to provide  Http   import   RequestOptions  Http  XHRBackend  from   angular http   import  HttpClient  from    httpClient   import   RequestOptions  Http  XHRBackend  from   angular http   import  HttpClient  from    httpClient    above snippet  function httpClientFactory xhrBackend  XHRBackend  requestOptions  RequestOptions   Http     return new HttpClient xhrBackend  requestOptions       NgModule     imports       FormsModule      BrowserModule         declarations  APP DECLARATIONS    bootstrap  AppComponent     providers          provide  Http  useFactory  httpClientFactory  deps   XHRBackend  RequestOptions           export class AppModule     constructor             now I don t need to declare every Http method and can use http as normal throughout my application

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You can create your own http client with some authorization header  import  Injectable  from   angular core   import  HttpClient  HttpHeaders  from   angular common http     Injectable     providedIn   root     export class HttpClientWithAuthorization      constructor private http  HttpClient      createAuthorizationHeader bearerToken  string   HttpHeaders     const headerDict         Authorization   Bearer     bearerToken        return new HttpHeaders headerDict      get lt T gt  url  bearerToken      this createAuthorizationHeader bearerToken     return this http get lt T gt  url        headers  this createAuthorizationHeader bearerToken           post lt T gt  url  bearerToken  data      this createAuthorizationHeader bearerToken     return this http post lt T gt  url  data        headers  this createAuthorizationHeader bearerToken             And then inject it instead of HttpClient in your service class   Injectable     providedIn   root     export class SomeService      constructor readonly httpClientWithAuthorization  HttpClientWithAuthorization        getSomething    Observable lt Object gt        return this httpClientWithAuthorization get lt Object gt  url  someBearer           postSomething data        return this httpClientWithAuthorization post lt Object gt  url  someBearer   data

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I like the idea to override default options  this seems like a good solution   However  if you are up to extending the Http class  Make sure to read this through   Some answers here are actually showing incorrect overloading of request   method  which could lead to a hard-to-catch errors and weird behavior  I ve stumbled upon this myself   This solution is based on request   method implementation in Angular 4 2 x  but should be future-compatible   import  Observable  from  rxjs Observable   import  Injectable  from   angular core    import     ConnectionBackend  Headers    Http as NgHttp    Request    RequestOptions    RequestOptionsArgs    Response    XHRBackend   from   angular http     import  AuthenticationStateService  from     authentication authentication-state service      Injectable   export class Http extends NgHttp      constructor       backend  ConnectionBackend      defaultOptions  RequestOptions      private authenticationStateService  AuthenticationStateService           super backend  defaultOptions           request  url  string   Request  options   RequestOptionsArgs   Observable lt Response gt         if   string      typeof url           url   this rewriteUrl url         options    options    new RequestOptions           options headers   this updateHeaders options headers          return super request url  options          else if  url instanceof Request           const request   url        request url   this rewriteUrl request url         request headers   this updateHeaders request headers          return super request request          else         throw new Error  First argument must be a url string or Request instance                   private rewriteUrl  url  string        return environment backendBaseUrl   url         private updateHeaders  headers   Headers         headers   headers    new Headers            Authenticating the request      if  this authenticationStateService isAuthenticated    amp  amp   headers has  Authorization            headers append  Authorization    Bearer     this authenticationStateService getToken                return headers            Notice that I m importing original class this way import   Http as NgHttp   from   angular http   in order to prevent name clashes      The problem addressed here is that request   method has two different call signatures  When Request object is passed instead of the URL string  the options argument is ignored by Angular  So both cases must be properly handled    And here s the example of how to register this overridden class with DI container   export const httpProvider       provide  NgHttp    useFactory  httpFactory    deps   XHRBackend  RequestOptions  AuthenticationStateService       export function httpFactory     xhrBackend  XHRBackend    requestOptions  RequestOptions    authenticationStateService  AuthenticationStateService    Http     return new Http      xhrBackend      requestOptions      authenticationStateService          With such approach you can inject Http class normally  but your overridden class will be magically injected instead  This allows you to integrate your solution easily without changing other parts of the application  polymorphism in action    Just add httpProvider to the providers property of your module metadata

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Extending BaseRequestOptions might be of great help in this scenario  Check out the following code   import  provide  from  angular2 core   import  bootstrap  from  angular2 platform browser   import  HTTP PROVIDERS  Headers  Http  BaseRequestOptions  from  angular2 http    import  AppCmp  from    components app app     class MyRequestOptions extends BaseRequestOptions     constructor          super        this headers append  My-Custom-Header   MyCustomHeaderValue            bootstrap AppCmp      ROUTER PROVIDERS    HTTP PROVIDERS    provide RequestOptions    useClass  MyRequestOptions          This should include  My-Custom-Header  in every call   Update   To be able to change the header anytime you want instead of above code you can also use following code to add a new header   this http  defaultOptions headers append  Authorization    token      to  delete you can do  this http  defaultOptions headers delete  Authorization      Also there is another function that you can use to set the value   this http  defaultOptions headers set  Authorization    token      Above solution still is not completely valid in typescript context   defaultHeaders is protected and not supposed to be used like this  I would recommend the above solution for a quick fix but for long run its better to write your own wrapper around http calls which also handles auth  Take following example from auth0 which is better and clean   https   github com auth0 angular2-jwt blob master angular2-jwt ts  Update - June 2018 I see a lot of people going for this solution but I would advise otherwise  Appending header globally will send auth token to every api call going out from your app  So the api calls going to third party plugins like intercom or zendesk or any other api will also carry your authorization header  This might result into a big security flaw   So instead  use interceptor globally but check manually if the outgoing call is towards your server s api endpoint or not and then attach auth header

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Although I m answering it very late but it might help someone else  To inject headers to all requests when  NgModule is used  one can do the following    I tested this in Angular 2 0 1          Extending BaseRequestOptions to inject common headers to all requests      class CustomRequestOptions extends BaseRequestOptions       constructor             super            this headers append  Authorization    my-token            this headers append  foo    bar              Now in  NgModule do the following    NgModule       declarations   FooComponent       imports                     Angular modules         BrowserModule          HttpModule             This is required             other modules               providers                provide  LocationStrategy  useClass  HashLocationStrategy              This is the main part  We are telling Angular to provide an instance of            CustomRequestOptions whenever someone injects RequestOptions          provide  RequestOptions  useClass  CustomRequestOptions             bootstrap      AppComponent

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The simplest of all  Create a config ts file  import   HttpHeaders   from   angular common http    export class Config       url  string    http   localhost 3000       httpOptions  any             headers  new HttpHeaders               Content-Type    application json               Authorization   JSON parse localStorage getItem  currentUser    token                      Then on your service  just import the config ts file  import   Config   from     config   import   HttpClient   from   angular common http     Injectable   export class OrganizationService     config   new Config     constructor      private http  HttpClient            addData data   Observable lt any gt         let sendAddLink      this config url  api addData         return this http post sendAddLink   data  this config httpOptions  pipe         tap snap   gt          return snap                          I think it was the simplest and the safest

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HTTP interceptors are now available via the new HttpClient from  angular common http  as of Angular 4 3 x versions and beyond  It s pretty simple to add a header for every request now  import     HttpEvent    HttpInterceptor    HttpHandler    HttpRequest    from   angular common http   import   Observable   from  rxjs     export class AddHeaderInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor     intercept req  HttpRequest lt any gt   next  HttpHandler   Observable lt HttpEvent lt any gt  gt           Clone the request to add the new header     const clonedRequest   req clone   headers  req headers append  Authorization    Bearer 123               Pass the cloned request instead of the original request to the next handle     return next handle clonedRequest          There s a principle of immutability  that s the reason the request needs to be cloned before setting something new on it  As editing headers is a very common task  there s actually a shortcut for it  while cloning the request   const clonedRequest   req clone   setHeaders    Authorization   Bearer 123        After creating the interceptor  you should register it using the HTTP INTERCEPTORS provide  import   HTTP INTERCEPTORS   from   angular common http     NgModule     providers         provide  HTTP INTERCEPTORS      useClass  AddHeaderInterceptor      multi  true           export class AppModule

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I has able to choose a simplier solution   Add a new Headers to the defaults options merge or load by your api get  or other  function    get endpoint  string  params   any  options   RequestOptions      if   options        options   new RequestOptions        options headers   new Headers     Accept    application json        lt  lt  lt  lt                      Of course you can externalize this Headers in default options or whatever in your class   This is in the Ionic generated api ts  Injectable   export class API     It is very quick and it work for me  I didn t want json ld format

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For Angular 5 and above  we can use HttpInterceptor for generalizing the request and response operations   This helps us avoid duplicating   1  Common headers   2  Specifying response type  3  Querying request  import   Injectable   from   angular core   import     HttpRequest    HttpHandler    HttpEvent    HttpInterceptor    HttpResponse    HttpErrorResponse   from   angular common http   import   Observable   from  rxjs Observable   import  rxjs add operator do     Injectable   export class AuthHttpInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor      requestCounter  number   0    constructor            intercept request  HttpRequest lt any gt   next  HttpHandler   Observable lt HttpEvent lt any gt  gt         request   request clone         responseType   json         setHeaders            Authorization   Bearer token value            Content-Type    application x-www-form-urlencoded  charset UTF-8                       return next handle request  do  event  HttpEvent lt any gt     gt          if  event instanceof HttpResponse               do stuff with response if you want                 err  any    gt          if  err instanceof HttpErrorResponse               do stuff with response error if you want                         We can use this AuthHttpInterceptor class as a provider for the HttpInterceptors   import   BrowserModule   from   angular platform-browser   import   NgModule   from   angular core   import   AppComponent   from    app component   import   AppRoutingModule   from    app routing-module   import   AuthHttpInterceptor   from    services auth-http interceptor   import   HttpClientModule  HTTP INTERCEPTORS   from   angular common http   import   BrowserAnimationsModule   from   angular platform-browser animations     NgModule     declarations        AppComponent        imports        BrowserModule      AppRoutingModule      HttpClientModule      BrowserAnimationsModule         providers                provide  HTTP INTERCEPTORS        useClass  AuthHttpInterceptor        multi  true              exports        bootstrap   AppComponent     export class AppModule

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How about Keeping a Separate Service like follows              import  Injectable  from   angular core               import  Headers  Http  RequestOptions  from   angular http                  Injectable               export class HttpClientService extends RequestOptions                    constructor private requestOptionArgs RequestOptions                        super                                            addHeader headerName  string  headerValue  string                         this requestOptionArgs headers as Headers  set headerName  headerValue                                     and when  you calling this from another place use this httpClientService addHeader  Authorization    Bearer     this tok    and you will see the added header eg - Authorization as follows

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There were some changes for angular 2 0 1 and higher       import  RequestOptions  RequestMethod  Headers  from   angular http       import   BrowserModule   from   angular platform-browser       import   HttpModule       from   angular http       import   AppRoutingModule   from    app routing module          import   AppComponent    from    app component          you can move this class to a better place     class GlobalHttpOptions extends RequestOptions           constructor                super                method  RequestMethod Get              headers  new Headers                  MyHeader    MyHeaderValue                                                        NgModule          imports         BrowserModule  HttpModule  AppRoutingModule          declarations    AppComponent         bootstrap       AppComponent          providers         provide  RequestOptions  useClass  GlobalHttpOptions                export class AppModule

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To answer  you question you could provide a service that wraps the original Http object from Angular  Something like described below   import  Injectable  from   angular core   import  Http  Headers  from   angular http     Injectable   export class HttpClient      constructor private http  Http        createAuthorizationHeader headers  Headers        headers append  Authorization    Basic           btoa  username password             get url        let headers   new Headers        this createAuthorizationHeader headers       return this http get url          headers  headers                post url  data        let headers   new Headers        this createAuthorizationHeader headers       return this http post url  data          headers  headers                 And instead of injecting the Http object you could inject this one  HttpClient    import   HttpClient   from    http-client    export class MyComponent        Notice we inject  our  HttpClient here  naming it Http so it s easier   constructor http  HttpClient        this http   httpClient         handleSomething         this http post url  data  subscribe result   gt               console log  result                    I also think that something could be done using multi providers for the Http class by providing your own class extending the Http one    See this link  http   blog thoughtram io angular2 2015 11 23 multi-providers-in-angular-2 html

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Here is an improved version of the accepted answer  updated for Angular2 final    import  Injectable  from   angular core   import  Http  Headers  Response  Request  BaseRequestOptions  RequestMethod  from   angular http   import  I18nService  from     lang-picker i18n service   import  Observable  from  rxjs    Injectable   export class HttpClient        constructor private http  Http  private i18n  I18nService           get url string  Observable lt Response gt            return this request url  RequestMethod Get              post url string  body any               return this request url  RequestMethod Post  body              private request url string  method RequestMethod  body  any  Observable lt Response gt            let headers   new Headers            this createAcceptLanguageHeader headers            let options   new BaseRequestOptions            options headers   headers          options url   url          options method   method          options body   body          options withCredentials   true           let request   new Request options            return this http request request                 set the accept-language header using the value from i18n service that holds the language currently selected by the user     private createAcceptLanguageHeader headers Headers             headers append  Accept-Language   this i18n getCurrentLang               Of course it should be extended for methods like delete and put if needed  I don t need them yet at this point in my project    The advantage is that there is less duplicated code in the get post     methods   Note that in my case I use cookies for authentication  I needed the header for i18n  the Accept-Language header  because many values returned by our API are translated in the user s language  In my app the i18n service holds the language currently selected by the user

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After some investigation  I found the final and the most easy way is to extend BaseRequestOptions which I prefer  The following are the ways I tried and give up for some reason  1  extend BaseRequestOptions  and add dynamic headers in constructor    It can not work if I login  It will be created once  So it is not dynamic  2  extend Http  Same reason as above  I can not add dynamic headers in constructor    And if I rewrite request     method  and set headers  like this   request url  string Request  options   RequestOptionsArgs   Observable lt Response gt     let token   localStorage getItem AppConstants tokenName    if  typeof url      string        meaning we have to add the token to the options  not in url   if   options        options   new RequestOptions            options headers set  Authorization    token value       else     url headers set  Authorization    token value        return super request url  options  catch this catchAuthError this        You just need to overwrite this method  but not every get post put methods    3 And my preferred solution is extend BaseRequestOptions and overwrite merge       Injectable   export class AuthRequestOptions extends BaseRequestOptions     merge options   RequestOptionsArgs   RequestOptions     var newOptions   super merge options     let token   localStorage getItem AppConstants tokenName     newOptions headers set AppConstants authHeaderName  token     return newOptions         this merge   function will be called for every request

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Although I m answering this very late but if anyone is seeking an easier solution    We can use angular2-jwt  angular2-jwt is useful automatically attaching a JSON Web Token  JWT  as an Authorization header when making HTTP requests from an Angular 2 app   We can set global headers with advanced configuration option  export function authHttpServiceFactory http  Http  options  RequestOptions      return new AuthHttp new AuthConfig       tokenName   token           tokenGetter        gt  sessionStorage getItem  token             globalHeaders     Content-Type   application json             http  options       And sending per request token like       getThing       let myHeader   new Headers      myHeader append  Content-Type    application json       this authHttp get  http   example com api thing     headers  myHeader         subscribe        data   gt  this thing   data        err   gt  console log error              gt  console log  Request Complete                Pass it after the body in a POST request   this authHttp post  http   example com api thing    post body     headers  myHeader         subscribe        data   gt  this thing   data        err   gt  console log error              gt  console log  Request Complete

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Create a custom Http class by extending the Angular 2 Http Provider and simply override the constructor and request method in you custom Http class  The example below adds Authorization header in every http request   import  Injectable  from   angular core   import  Http  XHRBackend  RequestOptions  Request  RequestOptionsArgs  Response  Headers  from   angular http   import  Observable  from  rxjs Observable   import  rxjs add operator map   import  rxjs add operator catch     Injectable   export class HttpService extends Http      constructor  backend  XHRBackend  options  RequestOptions        let token   localStorage getItem  auth token       your custom token getter function here     options headers set  Authorization    Bearer   token         super backend  options          request url  string Request  options   RequestOptionsArgs   Observable lt Response gt        let token   localStorage getItem  auth token        if  typeof url      string        meaning we have to add the token to the options  not in url       if   options               let s make option object         options    headers  new Headers                   options headers set  Authorization    Bearer   token           else          we have to add the token to the url object       url headers set  Authorization    Bearer   token               return super request url  options  catch this catchAuthError this           private catchAuthError  self  HttpService           we have to pass HttpService s own instance here as  self      return  res  Response    gt          console log res         if  res status     401    res status     403               if not authenticated         console log res                 return Observable throw res                  Then configure your main app module ts to provide the XHRBackend as the ConnectionBackend provider and the RequestOptions to your custom Http class   import   HttpModule  RequestOptions  XHRBackend   from   angular http   import   HttpService   from    services http service        NgModule     imports          providers                provide  HttpService        useFactory   backend  XHRBackend  options  RequestOptions    gt            return new HttpService backend  options                  deps   XHRBackend  RequestOptions               bootstrap    AppComponent        After that  you can now use your custom http provider in your services  For example   import   Injectable       from   angular core   import  HttpService  from    http service     Injectable   class UserService     constructor  private http  HttpService           token will added automatically to get request header   getUser  id  number        return this http get   users   id    map  res    gt          return res json                     Here s a comprehensive guide - http   adonespitogo com articles angular-2-extending-http-provider

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You can use canActive in your routes  like so   import   Injectable   from   angular core   import   Router   from   angular router   import   CanActivate   from   angular router   import   AuthService   from    auth service     Injectable   export class AuthGuard implements CanActivate      constructor private auth  AuthService  private router  Router        canActivate            If user is not logged in we ll send them to the homepage      if   this auth loggedIn            this router navigate              return false            return true          const appRoutes  Routes             path      redirectTo    deals   pathMatch   full               path   special       component  PrivateDealsComponent         We ll use the canActivate API and pass in our AuthGuard         Now any time the  special route is hit  the AuthGuard will run        first to make sure the user is logged in before activating and        loading this route         canActivate   AuthGuard           Taken from  https   auth0 com blog angular-2-authentication

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This is how I did for setting token with every request   import   RequestOptions  BaseRequestOptions  RequestOptionsArgs   from   angular http    export class CustomRequestOptions extends BaseRequestOptions        constructor             super            this headers set  Content-Type    application json              merge options   RequestOptionsArgs   RequestOptions           const token   localStorage getItem  token            const newOptions   super merge options           if  token                newOptions headers set  Authorization    Bearer   token                        return newOptions            And register in app module ts   NgModule       declarations            AppComponent            imports            BrowserModule            providers              provide  RequestOptions  useClass  CustomRequestOptions              bootstrap   AppComponent     export class AppModule

[angular] Angular - Set headers for every request

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