Charles Bailey's answer is correct. The exact wording from the C++ standard is (ยง4.7/4): "If the source type is bool, the value false is converted to zero and the value true is converted to one."
Edit: I see he's added the reference as well -- I'll delete this shortly, if I don't get distracted and forget...
Edit2: Then again, it is probably worth noting that while the Boolean values themselves always convert to zero or one, a number of functions (especially from the C standard library) return values that are "basically Boolean", but represented as ints that are normally only required to be zero to indicate false or non-zero to indicate true. For example, the is* functions in <ctype.h> only require zero or non-zero, not necessarily zero or one.
If you cast that to bool, zero will convert to false, and non-zero to true (as you'd expect).
I've found different compilers return different results on true. I've also found that one is almost always better off comparing a bool to a bool instead of an int. Those ints tend to change value over time as your program evolves and if you assume true as 1, you can get bitten by an unrelated change elsewhere in your code.
According to the standard, you should be safe with that assumption. The C++ bool type has two values - true and false with corresponding values 1 and 0.
The thing to watch about for is mixing bool expressions and variables with BOOL expression and variables. The latter is defined as FALSE = 0 and TRUE != FALSE, which quite often in practice means that any value different from 0 is considered TRUE.
A lot of modern compilers will actually issue a warning for any code that implicitly tries to cast from BOOL to bool if the BOOL value is different than 0 or 1.
Source: Stackoverflow.com