Programs & Examples On #Protocol buffers

Protocol Buffers are a language-neutral and platform-neutral way of encoding structured data in an efficient yet extensible format. Google uses Protocol Buffers for almost all of its internal RPC protocols and file formats. It is also the default data encoding used by the open source gRPC framework.

How to define an optional field in protobuf 3

you can find if one has been initialized by comparing the references with the default instance:

GRPCContainer container = myGrpcResponseBean.getContainer();
if (container.getDefaultInstanceForType() != container) {
...
}

Java: JSON -> Protobuf & back conversion

I don't much like an idea of writing binary protobuf to database, because it can one day become not backward-compatible with newer versions and break the system that way.

Converting protobuf to JSON for storage and then back to protobuf on load is much more likely to create compatibility problems, because:

  • If the process which performs the conversion is not built with the latest version of the protobuf schema, then converting will silently drop any fields that the process doesn't know about. This is true both of the storing and loading ends.
  • Even with the most recent schema available, JSON <-> Protobuf conversion may be lossy in the presence of imprecise floating-point values and similar corner cases.
  • Protobufs actually have (slightly) stronger backwards-compatibility guarantees than JSON. Like with JSON, if you add a new field, old clients will ignore it. Unlike with JSON, Protobufs allow declaring a default value, which can make it somewhat easier for new clients to deal with old data that is otherwise missing the field. This is only a slight advantage, but otherwise Protobuf and JSON have equivalent backwards-compatibility properties, therefore you are not gaining any backwards-compatibility advantages from storing in JSON.

With all that said, there are many libraries out there for converting protobufs to JSON, usually built on the Protobuf reflection interface (not to be confused with the Java reflection interface; Protobuf reflection is offered by the com.google.protobuf.Message interface).

Installing Google Protocol Buffers on mac

This is not via brew, but the end result is the same.

  1. Download the protobuf-2.4.1 from https://protobuf.googlecode.com/files/protobuf-2.4.1.tar.gz
  2. Extract the tar.gz file.
  3. $cd ~/Downloads/protobuf-2.4.1
  4. $./configure
  5. $make
  6. $make check
  7. $sudo make install
  8. $which protoc
  9. $protoc --version

Steps 4-7 are from the README.txt file from the protobuf tarball.

Biggest differences of Thrift vs Protocol Buffers?

It's also important to note that not all supported languages compair consistently with thrift or protobuf. At this point it's a matter of the modules implementation in addition to the underlying serialization. Take care to check benchmarks for whatever language you plan to use.

ImportError: No module named google.protobuf

When pip tells you that you already have protobuf, but PyCharm (or other) tells you that you don't have it, it means that pip and PyCharm are using a different Python interpreter. This is a very common issue, especially on a Mac, with no standard Python package management.

The best way to completely eliminate such issues is using a virtualenv per Python project, which is essentially a directory of Python packages and environment variable settings to isolate the Python environment of the project from everything else.

Create a virtualenv for your project like this:

cd project
virtualenv --distribute virtualenv -p /path/to/python/executable

This creates a directory called virtualenv inside your project. (Make sure to configure your VCS (for example Git) to ignore this directory.)

To install packages in this virtualenv, you need to activate the environment variable settings:

. virtualenv/bin/activate

Verify that pip will use the right Python executable inside the virtualenv, by running pip -V. It should tell you the Python library path used, which should be inside the virtualenv.

Now you can use pip to install protobuf as you did.

And finally, you need to make PyCharm use this virtualenv instead of the system libraries. Somewhere in the project settings you can configure an interpreter for the project, select the Python executable inside the virtualenv.

Colorized grep -- viewing the entire file with highlighted matches

Ok, this is one way,

wc -l filename

will give you the line count -- say NN, then you can do

grep -C NN --color=always filename

Convert a Unicode string to an escaped ASCII string

Here is my current implementation:

public static class UnicodeStringExtensions
{
    public static string EncodeNonAsciiCharacters(this string value) {
        var bytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(value);
        var sb = StringBuilderCache.Acquire(value.Length);
        bool encodedsomething = false;
        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i += 2) {
            var c = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bytes, i);
            if ((c >= 0x20 && c <= 0x7f) || c == 0x0A || c == 0x0D) {
                sb.Append((char) c);
            } else {
                sb.Append($"\\u{c:x4}");
                encodedsomething = true;
            }
        }
        if (!encodedsomething) {
            StringBuilderCache.Release(sb);
            return value;
        }
        return StringBuilderCache.GetStringAndRelease(sb);
    }


    public static string DecodeEncodedNonAsciiCharacters(this string value)
      => Regex.Replace(value,/*language=regexp*/@"(?:\\u[a-fA-F0-9]{4})+", Decode);

    static readonly string[] Splitsequence = new [] { "\\u" };
    private static string Decode(Match m) {
        var bytes = m.Value.Split(Splitsequence, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)
                .Select(s => ushort.Parse(s, NumberStyles.HexNumber)).SelectMany(BitConverter.GetBytes).ToArray();
        return Encoding.Unicode.GetString(bytes);
    }
}

This passes a test:

public void TestBigUnicode() {
    var s = "\U00020000";
    var encoded = s.EncodeNonAsciiCharacters();
    var decoded = encoded.DecodeEncodedNonAsciiCharacters();
    Assert.Equals(s, decoded);
}

with the encoded value: "\ud840\udc00"

This implementation makes use of a StringBuilderCache (reference source link)

Android Studio doesn't recognize my device

On Windows 7 , the only thing that worked for me is this. Go to Device Manager -> Under Android Phone -> Right Click and select 'enable'

enter image description here

What is com.sun.proxy.$Proxy

What are they?

Nothing special. Just as same as common Java Class Instance.

But those class are Synthetic proxy classes created by java.lang.reflect.Proxy#newProxyInstance

What is there relationship to the JVM? Are they JVM implementation specific?

Introduced in 1.3

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.3/docs/relnotes/features.html#reflection

It is a part of Java. so each JVM should support it.

How are they created (Openjdk7 source)?

In short : they are created using JVM ASM tech ( defining javabyte code at runtime )

something using same tech:

What happens after calling java.lang.reflect.Proxy#newProxyInstance

  1. reading the source you can see newProxyInstance call getProxyClass0 to obtain a `Class

    `

  2. after lots of cache or sth it calls the magic ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass which return a byte[]
  3. call ClassLoader define class to load the generated $Proxy Class (the classname you have seen)
  4. just instance it and ready for use

What happens in magic sun.misc.ProxyGenerator

  1. draw a class(bytecode) combining all methods in the interfaces into one
  2. each method is build with same bytecode like

    1. get calling Method meth info (stored while generating)
    2. pass info into invocation handler's invoke()
    3. get return value from invocation handler's invoke()
    4. just return it
  3. the class(bytecode) represent in form of byte[]

How to draw a class

Thinking your java codes are compiled into bytecodes, just do this at runtime

Talk is cheap show you the code

core method in sun/misc/ProxyGenerator.java

generateClassFile

/**
 * Generate a class file for the proxy class.  This method drives the
 * class file generation process.
 */
private byte[] generateClassFile() {

    /* ============================================================
     * Step 1: Assemble ProxyMethod objects for all methods to
     * generate proxy dispatching code for.
     */

    /*
     * Record that proxy methods are needed for the hashCode, equals,
     * and toString methods of java.lang.Object.  This is done before
     * the methods from the proxy interfaces so that the methods from
     * java.lang.Object take precedence over duplicate methods in the
     * proxy interfaces.
     */
    addProxyMethod(hashCodeMethod, Object.class);
    addProxyMethod(equalsMethod, Object.class);
    addProxyMethod(toStringMethod, Object.class);

    /*
     * Now record all of the methods from the proxy interfaces, giving
     * earlier interfaces precedence over later ones with duplicate
     * methods.
     */
    for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
        Method[] methods = interfaces[i].getMethods();
        for (int j = 0; j < methods.length; j++) {
            addProxyMethod(methods[j], interfaces[i]);
        }
    }

    /*
     * For each set of proxy methods with the same signature,
     * verify that the methods' return types are compatible.
     */
    for (List<ProxyMethod> sigmethods : proxyMethods.values()) {
        checkReturnTypes(sigmethods);
    }

    /* ============================================================
     * Step 2: Assemble FieldInfo and MethodInfo structs for all of
     * fields and methods in the class we are generating.
     */
    try {
        methods.add(generateConstructor());

        for (List<ProxyMethod> sigmethods : proxyMethods.values()) {
            for (ProxyMethod pm : sigmethods) {

                // add static field for method's Method object
                fields.add(new FieldInfo(pm.methodFieldName,
                    "Ljava/lang/reflect/Method;",
                     ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_STATIC));

                // generate code for proxy method and add it
                methods.add(pm.generateMethod());
            }
        }

        methods.add(generateStaticInitializer());

    } catch (IOException e) {
        throw new InternalError("unexpected I/O Exception");
    }

    if (methods.size() > 65535) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("method limit exceeded");
    }
    if (fields.size() > 65535) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("field limit exceeded");
    }

    /* ============================================================
     * Step 3: Write the final class file.
     */

    /*
     * Make sure that constant pool indexes are reserved for the
     * following items before starting to write the final class file.
     */
    cp.getClass(dotToSlash(className));
    cp.getClass(superclassName);
    for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
        cp.getClass(dotToSlash(interfaces[i].getName()));
    }

    /*
     * Disallow new constant pool additions beyond this point, since
     * we are about to write the final constant pool table.
     */
    cp.setReadOnly();

    ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    DataOutputStream dout = new DataOutputStream(bout);

    try {
        /*
         * Write all the items of the "ClassFile" structure.
         * See JVMS section 4.1.
         */
                                    // u4 magic;
        dout.writeInt(0xCAFEBABE);
                                    // u2 minor_version;
        dout.writeShort(CLASSFILE_MINOR_VERSION);
                                    // u2 major_version;
        dout.writeShort(CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION);

        cp.write(dout);             // (write constant pool)

                                    // u2 access_flags;
        dout.writeShort(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_SUPER);
                                    // u2 this_class;
        dout.writeShort(cp.getClass(dotToSlash(className)));
                                    // u2 super_class;
        dout.writeShort(cp.getClass(superclassName));

                                    // u2 interfaces_count;
        dout.writeShort(interfaces.length);
                                    // u2 interfaces[interfaces_count];
        for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
            dout.writeShort(cp.getClass(
                dotToSlash(interfaces[i].getName())));
        }

                                    // u2 fields_count;
        dout.writeShort(fields.size());
                                    // field_info fields[fields_count];
        for (FieldInfo f : fields) {
            f.write(dout);
        }

                                    // u2 methods_count;
        dout.writeShort(methods.size());
                                    // method_info methods[methods_count];
        for (MethodInfo m : methods) {
            m.write(dout);
        }

                                     // u2 attributes_count;
        dout.writeShort(0); // (no ClassFile attributes for proxy classes)

    } catch (IOException e) {
        throw new InternalError("unexpected I/O Exception");
    }

    return bout.toByteArray();
}

addProxyMethod

/**
 * Add another method to be proxied, either by creating a new
 * ProxyMethod object or augmenting an old one for a duplicate
 * method.
 *
 * "fromClass" indicates the proxy interface that the method was
 * found through, which may be different from (a subinterface of)
 * the method's "declaring class".  Note that the first Method
 * object passed for a given name and descriptor identifies the
 * Method object (and thus the declaring class) that will be
 * passed to the invocation handler's "invoke" method for a given
 * set of duplicate methods.
 */
private void addProxyMethod(Method m, Class fromClass) {
    String name = m.getName();
    Class[] parameterTypes = m.getParameterTypes();
    Class returnType = m.getReturnType();
    Class[] exceptionTypes = m.getExceptionTypes();

    String sig = name + getParameterDescriptors(parameterTypes);
    List<ProxyMethod> sigmethods = proxyMethods.get(sig);
    if (sigmethods != null) {
        for (ProxyMethod pm : sigmethods) {
            if (returnType == pm.returnType) {
                /*
                 * Found a match: reduce exception types to the
                 * greatest set of exceptions that can thrown
                 * compatibly with the throws clauses of both
                 * overridden methods.
                 */
                List<Class<?>> legalExceptions = new ArrayList<Class<?>>();
                collectCompatibleTypes(
                    exceptionTypes, pm.exceptionTypes, legalExceptions);
                collectCompatibleTypes(
                    pm.exceptionTypes, exceptionTypes, legalExceptions);
                pm.exceptionTypes = new Class[legalExceptions.size()];
                pm.exceptionTypes =
                    legalExceptions.toArray(pm.exceptionTypes);
                return;
            }
        }
    } else {
        sigmethods = new ArrayList<ProxyMethod>(3);
        proxyMethods.put(sig, sigmethods);
    }
    sigmethods.add(new ProxyMethod(name, parameterTypes, returnType,
                                   exceptionTypes, fromClass));
}

Full code about gen the proxy method

    private MethodInfo generateMethod() throws IOException {
        String desc = getMethodDescriptor(parameterTypes, returnType);
        MethodInfo minfo = new MethodInfo(methodName, desc,
            ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_FINAL);

        int[] parameterSlot = new int[parameterTypes.length];
        int nextSlot = 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < parameterSlot.length; i++) {
            parameterSlot[i] = nextSlot;
            nextSlot += getWordsPerType(parameterTypes[i]);
        }
        int localSlot0 = nextSlot;
        short pc, tryBegin = 0, tryEnd;

        DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(minfo.code);

        code_aload(0, out);

        out.writeByte(opc_getfield);
        out.writeShort(cp.getFieldRef(
            superclassName,
            handlerFieldName, "Ljava/lang/reflect/InvocationHandler;"));

        code_aload(0, out);

        out.writeByte(opc_getstatic);
        out.writeShort(cp.getFieldRef(
            dotToSlash(className),
            methodFieldName, "Ljava/lang/reflect/Method;"));

        if (parameterTypes.length > 0) {

            code_ipush(parameterTypes.length, out);

            out.writeByte(opc_anewarray);
            out.writeShort(cp.getClass("java/lang/Object"));

            for (int i = 0; i < parameterTypes.length; i++) {

                out.writeByte(opc_dup);

                code_ipush(i, out);

                codeWrapArgument(parameterTypes[i], parameterSlot[i], out);

                out.writeByte(opc_aastore);
            }
        } else {

            out.writeByte(opc_aconst_null);
        }

        out.writeByte(opc_invokeinterface);
        out.writeShort(cp.getInterfaceMethodRef(
            "java/lang/reflect/InvocationHandler",
            "invoke",
            "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/reflect/Method;" +
                "[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;"));
        out.writeByte(4);
        out.writeByte(0);

        if (returnType == void.class) {

            out.writeByte(opc_pop);

            out.writeByte(opc_return);

        } else {

            codeUnwrapReturnValue(returnType, out);
        }

        tryEnd = pc = (short) minfo.code.size();

        List<Class<?>> catchList = computeUniqueCatchList(exceptionTypes);
        if (catchList.size() > 0) {

            for (Class<?> ex : catchList) {
                minfo.exceptionTable.add(new ExceptionTableEntry(
                    tryBegin, tryEnd, pc,
                    cp.getClass(dotToSlash(ex.getName()))));
            }

            out.writeByte(opc_athrow);

            pc = (short) minfo.code.size();

            minfo.exceptionTable.add(new ExceptionTableEntry(
                tryBegin, tryEnd, pc, cp.getClass("java/lang/Throwable")));

            code_astore(localSlot0, out);

            out.writeByte(opc_new);
            out.writeShort(cp.getClass(
                "java/lang/reflect/UndeclaredThrowableException"));

            out.writeByte(opc_dup);

            code_aload(localSlot0, out);

            out.writeByte(opc_invokespecial);

            out.writeShort(cp.getMethodRef(
                "java/lang/reflect/UndeclaredThrowableException",
                "<init>", "(Ljava/lang/Throwable;)V"));

            out.writeByte(opc_athrow);
        }

regex error - nothing to repeat

It's not only a Python bug with * actually, it can also happen when you pass a string as a part of your regular expression to be compiled, like ;

import re
input_line = "string from any input source"
processed_line= "text to be edited with {}".format(input_line)
target = "text to be searched"
re.search(processed_line, target)

this will cause an error if processed line contained some "(+)" for example, like you can find in chemical formulae, or such chains of characters. the solution is to escape but when you do it on the fly, it can happen that you fail to do it properly...

Duplicate headers received from server

Double quotes around the filename in the header is the standard per MDN web docs. Omitting the quotes creates multiple opportunities for problems arising from characters in the filename.

Eclipse will not open due to environment variables

I think I found an easier way (for me anyway). Locate your javaw.exe file (either by searching for it or just where you installed it), then drag the javaw.exe file onto the eclipse.exe file and it will use it.

The type java.io.ObjectInputStream cannot be resolved. It is indirectly referenced from required .class files

same problem with me. This is not a solution but a workaround, which worked for me: Buildpath->Configure buildpath->Libraries-> Here remove the JRE system library pointing to JRE8 and add JRE system library for JRE7.

android.app.Application cannot be cast to android.app.Activity

You are getting this error because the parameter required is Activity and you are passing it the Application. So, either you cast application to the Activity like: (Activity)getApplicationContext(); Or you can just type the Activity like: MyActivity.this

How do I get a background location update every n minutes in my iOS application?

if ([self.locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(setAllowsBackgroundLocationUpdates:)]) {
    [self.locationManager setAllowsBackgroundLocationUpdates:YES];
}

This is needed for background location tracking since iOS 9.

'Class' does not contain a definition for 'Method'

If you are using a class from another project, the project needs to re-build and create re-the dll. Make sure "Build" is checked for that project on Build -> Configuration Manager in Visual Studio. So the reference project will re-build and update the dll.

android lollipop toolbar: how to hide/show the toolbar while scrolling?

There is an Android library called Android Design Support Library that's a handy library where you can find of all of those Material fancy design things that the Material documentation presents without telling you how to do them.

It's well presented in this Android Blog post. The "Collapsing Toolbar" in particular is what you're looking for.

Iteration over std::vector: unsigned vs signed index variable

The first is type correct, and correct in some strict sense. (If you think about is, size can never be less than zero.) That warning strikes me as one of the good candidates for being ignored, though.

Finding the length of an integer in C

int get_int_len (int value){
  int l=1;
  while(value>9){ l++; value/=10; }
  return l;
}

and second one will work for negative numbers too:

int get_int_len_with_negative_too (int value){
  int l=!value;
  while(value){ l++; value/=10; }
  return l;
}

SQL query for a carriage return in a string and ultimately removing carriage return

Something like this seems to work for me:

SELECT * FROM Parameters WHERE Name LIKE '%\n%'

How to add a where clause in a MySQL Insert statement?

UPDATE users SET username='&username', password='&password' where id='&id'

This query will ask you to enter the username,password and id dynamically

CSS vertical-align: text-bottom;

Vertical align only works in some select cases. The easiest way to make it function is to set display: table in the parent element's CSS and display: table-cell; to the child element and then apply your vertical align attribute.

Auto refresh page every 30 seconds

There are multiple solutions for this. If you want the page to be refreshed you actually don't need JavaScript, the browser can do it for you if you add this meta tag in your head tag.

<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="30">

The browser will then refresh the page every 30 seconds.

If you really want to do it with JavaScript, then you can refresh the page every 30 seconds with location.reload() (docs) inside a setTimeout():

window.setTimeout(function () {
  window.location.reload();
}, 30000);

If you don't need to refresh the whole page but only a part of it, I guess an Ajax call would be the most efficient way.

Convert time.Time to string

Go Playground http://play.golang.org/p/DN5Py5MxaB

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    t := time.Now()
    // The Time type implements the Stringer interface -- it
    // has a String() method which gets called automatically by
    // functions like Printf().
    fmt.Printf("%s\n", t)

    // See the Constants section for more formats
    // http://golang.org/pkg/time/#Time.Format
    formatedTime := t.Format(time.RFC1123)
    fmt.Println(formatedTime)
}

How could I use requests in asyncio?

aiohttp can be used with HTTP proxy already:

import asyncio
import aiohttp


@asyncio.coroutine
def do_request():
    proxy_url = 'http://localhost:8118'  # your proxy address
    response = yield from aiohttp.request(
        'GET', 'http://google.com',
        proxy=proxy_url,
    )
    return response

loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(do_request())

Spring Boot default H2 jdbc connection (and H2 console)

I found that with spring boot 2.0.2.RELEASE, configuring spring-boot-starter-data-jpa and com.h2database in the POM file is not just enough to have H2 console working. You must configure spring-boot-devtools as below. Optionally you could follow the instruction from Aaron Zeckoski in this post

  <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
 </dependency>

Switch php versions on commandline ubuntu 16.04

type this in your command line, should work for all ubuntu between 16.04, 18.04 and 20.04.

$ sudo update-alternatives --config php

and this is what you will get

There are 4 choices for the alternative php (providing /usr/bin/php).

  Selection    Path             Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0            /usr/bin/php7.2   72        auto mode
  1            /usr/bin/php5.6   56        manual mode
  2            /usr/bin/php7.0   70        manual mode
  3            /usr/bin/php7.1   71        manual mode
  4            /usr/bin/php7.2   72        manual mode
Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number:

Choose the appropriate version

Select rows where column is null

select * from tableName where columnName is null

SQL server ignore case in a where expression

Usually, string comparisons are case-insensitive. If your database is configured to case sensitive collation, you need to force to use a case insensitive one:

SELECT balance FROM people WHERE email = '[email protected]'
  COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS 

AccessDenied for ListObjects for S3 bucket when permissions are s3:*

I tried the following:

aws s3 ls s3.console.aws.amazon.com/s3/buckets/{bucket name}

This gave me the error:

An error occurred (AccessDenied) when calling the ListObjectsV2 operation: Access Denied

Using this form worked:

aws s3 ls {bucket name}

How to parse JSON Array (Not Json Object) in Android

Old post I know, but unless I've misunderstood the question, this should do the trick:

s = '[{"name":"name1","url":"url1"},{"name":"name2","url":"url2"}]';
eval("array=" + s);
for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
for (var index in array[i]) {
    alert(array[i][index]);
}

}

How to send email from SQL Server?

To send mail through SQL Server we need to set up DB mail profile we can either use T-SQl or SQL Database mail option in sql server to create profile. After below code is used to send mail through query or stored procedure.

Use below link to create DB mail profile

http://www.freshcodehub.com/Article/42/configure-database-mail-in-sql-server-database

http://www.freshcodehub.com/Article/43/create-a-database-mail-configuration-using-t-sql-script

_x000D_
_x000D_
--Sending Test Mail_x000D_
EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail_x000D_
@profile_name = 'TestProfile', _x000D_
@recipients = 'To Email Here', _x000D_
@copy_recipients ='CC Email Here',             --For CC Email if exists_x000D_
@blind_copy_recipients= 'BCC Email Here',      --For BCC Email if exists_x000D_
@subject = 'Mail Subject Here', _x000D_
@body = 'Mail Body Here',_x000D_
@body_format='HTML',_x000D_
@importance ='HIGH',_x000D_
@file_attachments='C:\Test.pdf';               --For Attachments if exists
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

what is the use of xsi:schemaLocation?

An xmlns is a unique identifier within the document - it doesn't have to be a URI to the schema:

XML namespaces provide a simple method for qualifying element and attribute names used in Extensible Markup Language documents by associating them with namespaces identified by URI references.

xsi:schemaLocation is supposed to give a hint as to the actual schema location:

can be used in a document to provide hints as to the physical location of schema documents which may be used for assessment.

How to split comma separated string using JavaScript?

Use

YourCommaSeparatedString.split(',');

In Laravel, the best way to pass different types of flash messages in the session

One solution would be to flash two variables into the session:

  1. The message itself
  2. The "class" of your alert

for example:

Session::flash('message', 'This is a message!'); 
Session::flash('alert-class', 'alert-danger'); 

Then in your view:

@if(Session::has('message'))
<p class="alert {{ Session::get('alert-class', 'alert-info') }}">{{ Session::get('message') }}</p>
@endif

Note I've put a default value into the Session::get(). that way you only need to override it if the warning should be something other than the alert-info class.

(that is a quick example, and untested :) )

increase font size of hyperlink text html

increase the padding size of font and then try to increase font size:-

style="padding-bottom:40px; font-size: 50px;"

SQL Error: ORA-12899: value too large for column

ORA-12899: value too large for column "DJ"."CUSTOMERS"."ADDRESS" (actual: 25, maximum: 2

Tells you what the error is. Address can hold maximum of 20 characters, you are passing 25 characters.

Assembly code vs Machine code vs Object code?

Assembly is short descriptive terms humans can understand that can be directly translated into the machine code that a CPU actually uses.

While somewhat understandable by humans, Assembler is still low level. It takes a lot of code to do anything useful.

So instead we use higher level languages such as C, BASIC, FORTAN (OK I know I've dated myself). When compiled these produce object code. Early languages had machine language as their object code.

Many languages today such a JAVA and C# usually compile into a bytecode that is not machine code, but one that easily be interpreted at run time to produce machine code.

Not Able To Debug App In Android Studio

In my case, i forgot minifyEnabled=true and shrinkResources=true in my debug buildType. I change these values to false, it's worked again!

enter image description here

Comparing date part only without comparing time in JavaScript

Using Moment.js

If you have the option of including a third-party library, it's definitely worth taking a look at Moment.js. It makes working with Date and DateTime much, much easier.

For example, seeing if one Date comes after another Date but excluding their times, you would do something like this:

var date1 = new Date(2016,9,20,12,0,0); // October 20, 2016 12:00:00
var date2 = new Date(2016,9,20,12,1,0); // October 20, 2016 12:01:00

// Comparison including time.
moment(date2).isAfter(date1); // => true

// Comparison excluding time.
moment(date2).isAfter(date1, 'day'); // => false

The second parameter you pass into isAfter is the precision to do the comparison and can be any of year, month, week, day, hour, minute or second.

Select last N rows from MySQL

SELECT * FROM table ORDER BY id DESC,datechat desc LIMIT 50

If you have a date field that is storing the date(and time) on which the chat was sent or any field that is filled with incrementally(order by DESC) or desinscrementally( order by ASC) data per row put it as second column on which the data should be order.

That's what worked for me!!!! hope it will help!!!!

Using LINQ to group by multiple properties and sum

Use the .Select() after grouping:

var agencyContracts = _agencyContractsRepository.AgencyContracts
    .GroupBy(ac => new
                   {
                       ac.AgencyContractID, // required by your view model. should be omited
                                            // in most cases because group by primary key
                                            // makes no sense.
                       ac.AgencyID,
                       ac.VendorID,
                       ac.RegionID
                   })
    .Select(ac => new AgencyContractViewModel
                   {
                       AgencyContractID = ac.Key.AgencyContractID,
                       AgencyId = ac.Key.AgencyID,
                       VendorId = ac.Key.VendorID,
                       RegionId = ac.Key.RegionID,
                       Amount = ac.Sum(acs => acs.Amount),
                       Fee = ac.Sum(acs => acs.Fee)
                   });

How to open google chrome from terminal?

On Linux, just use this command in a terminal:

google-chrome

Flutter: how to make a TextField with HintText but no Underline?

TextField widget has a property decoration which has a sub property border: InputBorder.none.This property would Remove TextField Text Input Bottom Underline in Flutter app. So you can set the border property of the decoration of the TextField to InputBorder.none, see here for an example:

border: InputBorder.none : Hide bottom underline from Text Input widget.

 Container(
        width: 280,
        padding: EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
        child : TextField(
                autocorrect: true,
                decoration: InputDecoration(
                border: InputBorder.none,
                hintText: 'Enter Some Text Here')
            )
    )

docker entrypoint running bash script gets "permission denied"

This is a bit stupid maybe but the error message I got was Permission denied and it sent me spiralling down in a very wrong direction to attempt to solve it. (Here for example)

I haven't even added any bash script myself, I think one is added by nodejs image which I use.

FROM node:14.9.0

I was wrongly running to expose/connect the port on my local:

docker run -p 80:80 [name] . # this is wrong!

which gives

/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: 8: exec: .: Permission denied

But you shouldn't even have a dot in the end, it was added to documentation of another projects docker image by misstake. You should simply run:

docker run -p 80:80 [name]

I like Docker a lot but it's sad it has so many gotchas like this and not always very clear error messages...

Error 0x80005000 and DirectoryServices

On IIS hosted sites, try recycling the app pool. It fixed my issue. Thanks

PHP - Check if two arrays are equal

Syntax problem on your arrays

$array1 = array(
    'a' => 'value1',
    'b' => 'value2',
    'c' => 'value3',
 );

$array2 = array(
    'a' => 'value1',
    'b' => 'value2',
    'c' => 'value3',
 );

$diff = array_diff($array1, $array2);

var_dump($diff); 

Tensorflow installation error: not a supported wheel on this platform

I was trying to install CPU TF on Ubuntu 18.04, and the best way (for me...) I found for it was using it on top of Conda, for that:

  1. To create Conda ‘tensorflow’ env. Follow https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-install-anaconda-on-ubuntu-18-04/

  2. After all installed see https://conda.io/projects/conda/en/latest/user-guide/getting-started.html And use it according to https://docs.conda.io/projects/conda/en/latest/user-guide/tasks/manage-environments.html#managing-environments

  3. conda create --name tensorflow

  4. source activate tensorflow

  5. pip install --upgrade pip

  6. pip uninstall tensorflow

  7. For CPU: pip install tensorflow-cpu, for GPU: pip install tensorflow

  8. pip install --ignore-installed --upgrade tensorflow

  9. Test TF E.g. on 'Where' with:

python

import tensorflow as tf

tf.where([[True, False], [False, True]])

expected result:

<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2), dtype=int64, numpy=
array([[0, 0],
       [1, 1]])>
  • After Conda upgrade I got: DeprecationWarning: 'source deactivate' is deprecated. Use 'conda deactivate'.

So you should use:

‘conda activate tensorflow’ / ‘conda deactivate’

How to export settings?

With the current version of Visual Studio Code as of this writing (1.22.1), you can find your settings in

  • ~/.config/Code/User on Linux (in my case, an, Ubuntu derivative)
  • C:\Users\username\AppData\Roaming\Code\User on Windows 10
  • ~/Library/Application Support/Code/User/ on Mac OS X (thank you, Christophe De Troyer)

The files are settings.json and keybindings.json. Simply copy them to the target machine.

Your extensions are in

  • ~/.vscode/extensions on Linux and Mac OS X
  • C:\Users\username\.vscode\extensions on Windows 10 (e.g., essentially the same place)

Alternately, just go to the Extensions, show installed extensions, and install those on your target installation. For me, copying the extensions worked just fine, but it may be extension-specific, particularly if moving between platforms, depending on what the extension does.

How to combine GROUP BY and ROW_NUMBER?

Undoubtly this can be simplified but the results match your expectations.

The gist of this is to

  • Calculate the maximum price in a seperate CTE for each t2ID
  • Calculate the total price in a seperate CTE for each t2ID
  • Combine the results of both CTE's

SQL Statement

;WITH MaxPrice AS ( 
    SELECT  t2ID
            , t1ID
    FROM    (       
                SELECT  t2.ID AS t2ID
                        , t1.ID AS t1ID
                        , rn = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY t2.ID ORDER BY t1.Price DESC)
                FROM    @t1 t1
                        INNER JOIN @relation r ON r.t1ID = t1.ID        
                        INNER JOIN @t2 t2 ON t2.ID = r.t2ID
            ) maxt1
    WHERE   maxt1.rn = 1                            
)
, SumPrice AS (
    SELECT  t2ID = t2.ID
            , Price = SUM(Price)
    FROM    @t1 t1
            INNER JOIN @relation r ON r.t1ID = t1.ID
            INNER JOIN @t2 t2 ON t2.ID = r.t2ID
    GROUP BY
            t2.ID           
)           
SELECT  t2.ID
        , t2.Name
        , t2.Orders
        , mp.t1ID
        , t1.ID
        , t1.Name
        , sp.Price
FROM    @t2 t2
        INNER JOIN MaxPrice mp ON mp.t2ID = t2.ID
        INNER JOIN SumPrice sp ON sp.t2ID = t2.ID
        INNER JOIN @t1 t1 ON t1.ID = mp.t1ID

Python: Removing spaces from list objects

String methods return the modified string.

k = [x.replace(' ', '') for x in hello]

How to use Google fonts in React.js?

In some sort of main or first loading CSS file, just do:

@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:regular,bold,italic&subset=latin,latin-ext');

You don't need to wrap in any sort of @font-face, etc. the response you get back from Google's API is ready to go and lets you use font families like normal.

Then in your main React app JavaScript, at the top put something like:

import './assets/css/fonts.css';

What I did actually was made an app.css that imported a fonts.css with a few font imports. Simply for organization (now I know where all my fonts are). The important thing to remember is that you import the fonts first.

Keep in mind that any component you import to your React app should be imported after the style import. Especially if those components also import their own styles. This way you can be sure of the ordering of styles. This is why it's best to import fonts at the top of your main file (don't forget to check your final bundled CSS file to double check if you're having trouble).

There's a few options you can pass the Google Font API to be more efficient when loading fonts, etc. See official documentation: Get Started with the Google Fonts API

Edit, note: If you are dealing with an "offline" application, then you may indeed need to download the fonts and load through Webpack.

How can I calculate the difference between two ArrayLists?

Hi use this class this will compare both lists and shows exactly the mismatch b/w both lists.

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;


public class ListCompare {

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> dbVinList;
        dbVinList = new ArrayList<String>();
        List<String> ediVinList;
        ediVinList = new ArrayList<String>();           

        dbVinList.add("A");
        dbVinList.add("B");
        dbVinList.add("C");
        dbVinList.add("D");

        ediVinList.add("A");
        ediVinList.add("C");
        ediVinList.add("E");
        ediVinList.add("F");
        /*ediVinList.add("G");
        ediVinList.add("H");
        ediVinList.add("I");
        ediVinList.add("J");*/  

        List<String> dbVinListClone = dbVinList;
        List<String> ediVinListClone = ediVinList;

        boolean flag;
        String mismatchVins = null;
        if(dbVinListClone.containsAll(ediVinListClone)){
            flag = dbVinListClone.removeAll(ediVinListClone);   
            if(flag){
                mismatchVins = getMismatchVins(dbVinListClone);
            }
        }else{
            flag = ediVinListClone.removeAll(dbVinListClone);
            if(flag){
                mismatchVins = getMismatchVins(ediVinListClone);
            }
        }
        if(mismatchVins != null){
            System.out.println("mismatch vins : "+mismatchVins);
        }       

    }

    private static String getMismatchVins(List<String> mismatchList){
        StringBuilder mismatchVins = new StringBuilder();
        int i = 0;
        for(String mismatch : mismatchList){
            i++;
            if(i < mismatchList.size() && i!=5){
                mismatchVins.append(mismatch).append(",");  
            }else{
                mismatchVins.append(mismatch);
            }
            if(i==5){               
                break;
            }
        }
        String mismatch1;
        if(mismatchVins.length() > 100){
            mismatch1 = mismatchVins.substring(0, 99);
        }else{
            mismatch1 = mismatchVins.toString();
        }       
        return mismatch1;
    }

}

What are Transient and Volatile Modifiers?

The volatile and transient modifiers can be applied to fields of classes1 irrespective of field type. Apart from that, they are unrelated.

The transient modifier tells the Java object serialization subsystem to exclude the field when serializing an instance of the class. When the object is then deserialized, the field will be initialized to the default value; i.e. null for a reference type, and zero or false for a primitive type. Note that the JLS (see 8.3.1.3) does not say what transient means, but defers to the Java Object Serialization Specification. Other serialization mechanisms may pay attention to a field's transient-ness. Or they may ignore it.

(Note that the JLS permits a static field to be declared as transient. This combination doesn't make sense for Java Object Serialization, since it doesn't serialize statics anyway. However, it could make sense in other contexts, so there is some justification for not forbidding it outright.)

The volatile modifier tells the JVM that writes to the field should always be synchronously flushed to memory, and that reads of the field should always read from memory. This means that fields marked as volatile can be safely accessed and updated in a multi-thread application without using native or standard library-based synchronization. Similarly, reads and writes to volatile fields are atomic. (This does not apply to >>non-volatile<< long or double fields, which may be subject to "word tearing" on some JVMs.) The relevant parts of the JLS are 8.3.1.4, 17.4 and 17.7.


1 - But not to local variables or parameters.

Dynamic classname inside ngClass in angular 2

  <div *ngFor="let celeb of singers">
  <p [ngClass]="{
    'text-success':celeb.country === 'USA',
    'text-secondary':celeb.country === 'Canada',
    'text-danger':celeb.country === 'Puorto Rico',
    'text-info':celeb.country === 'India'
  }">{{ celeb.artist }} ({{ celeb.country }})
</p>
</div>

Difference between long and int data types

You're on a 32-bit machine or a 64-bit Windows machine. On my 64-bit machine (running a Unix-derivative O/S, not Windows), sizeof(int) == 4, but sizeof(long) == 8.

They're different types — sometimes the same size as each other, sometimes not.

(In the really old days, sizeof(int) == 2 and sizeof(long) == 4 — though that might have been the days before C++ existed, come to think of it. Still, technically, it is a legitimate configuration, albeit unusual outside of the embedded space, and quite possibly unusual even in the embedded space.)

Finding the source code for built-in Python functions?

Let's go straight to your question.

Finding the source code for built-in Python functions?

The source code is located at Python/bltinmodule.c

To find the source code in the GitHub repository go here. You can see that all in-built functions start with builtin_<name_of_function>, for instance, sorted() is implemented in builtin_sorted.

For your pleasure I'll post the implementation of sorted():

builtin_sorted(PyObject *self, PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs, PyObject *kwnames)
{
    PyObject *newlist, *v, *seq, *callable;

    /* Keyword arguments are passed through list.sort() which will check
       them. */
    if (!_PyArg_UnpackStack(args, nargs, "sorted", 1, 1, &seq))
        return NULL;

    newlist = PySequence_List(seq);
    if (newlist == NULL)
        return NULL;

    callable = _PyObject_GetAttrId(newlist, &PyId_sort);
    if (callable == NULL) {
        Py_DECREF(newlist);
        return NULL;
    }

    assert(nargs >= 1);
    v = _PyObject_FastCallKeywords(callable, args + 1, nargs - 1, kwnames);
    Py_DECREF(callable);
    if (v == NULL) {
        Py_DECREF(newlist);
        return NULL;
    }
    Py_DECREF(v);
    return newlist;
}

As you may have noticed, that's not Python code, but C code.

How to install sshpass on mac?

There are instructions on how to install sshpass here:

https://gist.github.com/arunoda/7790979

For Mac you will need to install xcode and command line tools then use the unofficial Homewbrew command:

brew install https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kadwanev/bigboybrew/master/Library/Formula/sshpass.rb

How to send post request with x-www-form-urlencoded body

As you set application/x-www-form-urlencoded as content type so data sent must be like this format.

String urlParameters  = "param1=data1&param2=data2&param3=data3";

Sending part now is quite straightforward.

byte[] postData = urlParameters.getBytes( StandardCharsets.UTF_8 );
int postDataLength = postData.length;
String request = "<Url here>";
URL url = new URL( request );
HttpURLConnection conn= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();           
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); 
conn.setRequestProperty("charset", "utf-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", Integer.toString(postDataLength ));
conn.setUseCaches(false);
try(DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream())) {
   wr.write( postData );
}

Or you can create a generic method to build key value pattern which is required for application/x-www-form-urlencoded.

private String getDataString(HashMap<String, String> params) throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
    StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
    boolean first = true;
    for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
        if (first)
            first = false;
        else
            result.append("&");    
        result.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
        result.append("=");
        result.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"));
    }    
    return result.toString();
}

Loop through all elements in XML using NodeList

    DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
    Document dom = db.parse("file.xml");
    Element docEle = dom.getDocumentElement();
    NodeList nl = docEle.getChildNodes();
    int length = nl.getLength();
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        if (nl.item(i).getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
            Element el = (Element) nl.item(i);
            if (el.getNodeName().contains("staff")) {
                String name = el.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getTextContent();
                String phone = el.getElementsByTagName("phone").item(0).getTextContent();
                String email = el.getElementsByTagName("email").item(0).getTextContent();
                String area = el.getElementsByTagName("area").item(0).getTextContent();
                String city = el.getElementsByTagName("city").item(0).getTextContent();
            }
        }
    }

Iterate over all children and nl.item(i).getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE is used to filter text nodes out. If there is nothing else in XML what remains are staff nodes.

For each node under stuff (name, phone, email, area, city)

 el.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getTextContent(); 

el.getElementsByTagName("name") will extract the "name" nodes under stuff, .item(0) will get you the first node and .getTextContent() will get the text content inside.

Edit: Since we have jackson I would do this in a different way. Define a pojo for the object:

public class Staff {
    private String name;
    private String phone;
    private String email;
    private String area;
    private String city;
...getters setters
}

Then using jackson:

    JsonNode root = new XmlMapper().readTree(xml.getBytes());
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    root.forEach(node -> consume(node, mapper));



private void consume(JsonNode node, ObjectMapper mapper) {
    try {
        Staff staff = mapper.treeToValue(node, Staff.class);
        //TODO your job with staff
    } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

const vs constexpr on variables

No difference here, but it matters when you have a type that has a constructor.

struct S {
    constexpr S(int);
};

const S s0(0);
constexpr S s1(1);

s0 is a constant, but it does not promise to be initialized at compile-time. s1 is marked constexpr, so it is a constant and, because S's constructor is also marked constexpr, it will be initialized at compile-time.

Mostly this matters when initialization at runtime would be time-consuming and you want to push that work off onto the compiler, where it's also time-consuming, but doesn't slow down execution time of the compiled program

How do I get list of methods in a Python class?

An example (listing the methods of the optparse.OptionParser class):

>>> from optparse import OptionParser
>>> import inspect
#python2
>>> inspect.getmembers(OptionParser, predicate=inspect.ismethod)
[([('__init__', <unbound method OptionParser.__init__>),
...
 ('add_option', <unbound method OptionParser.add_option>),
 ('add_option_group', <unbound method OptionParser.add_option_group>),
 ('add_options', <unbound method OptionParser.add_options>),
 ('check_values', <unbound method OptionParser.check_values>),
 ('destroy', <unbound method OptionParser.destroy>),
 ('disable_interspersed_args',
  <unbound method OptionParser.disable_interspersed_args>),
 ('enable_interspersed_args',
  <unbound method OptionParser.enable_interspersed_args>),
 ('error', <unbound method OptionParser.error>),
 ('exit', <unbound method OptionParser.exit>),
 ('expand_prog_name', <unbound method OptionParser.expand_prog_name>),
 ...
 ]
# python3
>>> inspect.getmembers(OptionParser, predicate=inspect.isfunction)
...

Notice that getmembers returns a list of 2-tuples. The first item is the name of the member, the second item is the value.

You can also pass an instance to getmembers:

>>> parser = OptionParser()
>>> inspect.getmembers(parser, predicate=inspect.ismethod)
...

java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: dalvik.system.PathClassLoader

Simple Solution with Pics

Step1: Add following code in build.gradle file under defaultConfig

     ndk {
            abiFilters "armeabi-v7a", "x86", "armeabi", "mips"
        }
Example:[![enter image description here][1]][1]


Steo 2: Add following code in gradle.properties file

android.useDeprecatedNdk=true

Example: [![enter image description here][2]][2]

Step 3: Sync Gradle and Run the Project.

@Ambilpur


  [1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/IPw4y.png
  [2]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/ByMoh.png

Set selected item of spinner programmatically

In my case, this code saved my day:

public static void selectSpinnerItemByValue(Spinner spnr, long value) {
    SpinnerAdapter adapter = spnr.getAdapter();
    for (int position = 0; position < adapter.getCount(); position++) {
        if(adapter.getItemId(position) == value) {
            spnr.setSelection(position);
            return;
        }
    }
}

How to add class active on specific li on user click with jQuery

        // Remove active for all items.
        $('.sidebar-menu li').removeClass('active');
        // highlight submenu item
        $('li a[href="' + this.location.pathname + '"]').parent().addClass('active');
        // Highlight parent menu item.
        $('ul a[href="' + this.location.pathname + '"]').parents('li').addClass('active')

How to find if a file contains a given string using Windows command line

I've used a DOS command line to do this. Two lines, actually. The first one to make the "current directory" the folder where the file is - or the root folder of a group of folders where the file can be. The second line does the search.

CD C:\TheFolder
C:\TheFolder>FINDSTR /L /S /I /N /C:"TheString" *.PRG

You can find details about the parameters at this link.

Hope it helps!

How do I use boolean variables in Perl?

The most complete, concise definition of false I've come across is:

Anything that stringifies to the empty string or the string 0 is false. Everything else is true.

Therefore, the following values are false:

  • The empty string
  • Numerical value zero
  • An undefined value
  • An object with an overloaded boolean operator that evaluates one of the above.
  • A magical variable that evaluates to one of the above on fetch.

Keep in mind that an empty list literal evaluates to an undefined value in scalar context, so it evaluates to something false.


A note on "true zeroes"

While numbers that stringify to 0 are false, strings that numify to zero aren't necessarily. The only false strings are 0 and the empty string. Any other string, even if it numifies to zero, is true.

The following are strings that are true as a boolean and zero as a number:

  • Without a warning:
    • "0.0"
    • "0E0"
    • "00"
    • "+0"
    • "-0"
    • " 0"
    • "0\n"
    • ".0"
    • "0."
    • "0 but true"
    • "\t00"
    • "\n0e1"
    • "+0.e-9"
  • With a warning:
    • Any string for which Scalar::Util::looks_like_number returns false. (e.g. "abc")

How to Load an Assembly to AppDomain with all references recursively?

Once you pass the assembly instance back to the caller domain, the caller domain will try to load it! This is why you get the exception. This happens in your last line of code:

domain.Load(AssemblyName.GetAssemblyName(path));

Thus, whatever you want to do with the assembly, should be done in a proxy class - a class which inherit MarshalByRefObject.

Take in count that the caller domain and the new created domain should both have access to the proxy class assembly. If your issue is not too complicated, consider leaving the ApplicationBase folder unchanged, so it will be same as the caller domain folder (the new domain will only load Assemblies it needs).

In simple code:

public void DoStuffInOtherDomain()
{
    const string assemblyPath = @"[AsmPath]";
    var newDomain = AppDomain.CreateDomain("newDomain");
    var asmLoaderProxy = (ProxyDomain)newDomain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().FullName, typeof(ProxyDomain).FullName);

    asmLoaderProxy.GetAssembly(assemblyPath);
}

class ProxyDomain : MarshalByRefObject
{
    public void GetAssembly(string AssemblyPath)
    {
        try
        {
            Assembly.LoadFrom(AssemblyPath);
            //If you want to do anything further to that assembly, you need to do it here.
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException(ex.Message, ex);
        }
    }
}

If you do need to load the assemblies from a folder which is different than you current app domain folder, create the new app domain with specific dlls search path folder.

For example, the app domain creation line from the above code should be replaced with:

var dllsSearchPath = @"[dlls search path for new app domain]";
AppDomain newDomain = AppDomain.CreateDomain("newDomain", new Evidence(), dllsSearchPath, "", true);

This way, all the dlls will automaically be resolved from dllsSearchPath.

Get the number of rows in a HTML table

Try:

var count = $('#gvPerformanceResult tr').length;

How to check undefined in Typescript

In Typescript 2 you can use Undefined type to check for undefined values. So if you declare a variable as:

let uemail : string | undefined;

Then you can check if the variable z is undefined as:

if(uemail === undefined)
{

}

Modulo operator in Python

same as a normal modulo 3.14 % 6.28 = 3.14, just like 3.14%4 =3.14 3.14%2 = 1.14 (the remainder...)

What does the ??!??! operator do in C?

It's a C trigraph. ??! is |, so ??!??! is the operator ||

Resetting remote to a certain commit

On GitLab, you may have to set your branch to unprotected before doing this. You can do this in [repo] > Settings > Repository > Protected Branches. Then the method from Mark's answer works.

git reset --hard <commit-hash>
git push -f origin master

Plotting of 1-dimensional Gaussian distribution function

The correct form, based on the original syntax, and correctly normalized is:

def gaussian(x, mu, sig):
    return 1./(np.sqrt(2.*np.pi)*sig)*np.exp(-np.power((x - mu)/sig, 2.)/2)

Calling startActivity() from outside of an Activity?

In my case I have used context for startActivity, after changing that with ActivityName.this . it solves. I'm using method from util class so this happens.

Hope it help some one.

RecyclerView inside ScrollView is not working

use NestedScrollView instead of ScrollView

Please go through NestedScrollView reference document for more information.

and add recyclerView.setNestedScrollingEnabled(false); to your RecyclerView

Adjust UILabel height to text

Just by setting:

label.numberOfLines = 0

The label automatically adjusts its height based upon the amount of text entered.

How might I extract the property values of a JavaScript object into an array?

var dataArray = [];
for(var o in dataObject) {
    dataArray.push(dataObject[o]);
}

Encrypt Password in Configuration Files?

The big point, and the elephant in the room and all that, is that if your application can get hold of the password, then a hacker with access to the box can get hold of it too!

The only way somewhat around this, is that the application asks for the "master password" on the console using Standard Input, and then uses this to decrypt the passwords stored on file. Of course, this completely makes is impossible to have the application start up unattended along with the OS when it boots.

However, even with this level of annoyance, if a hacker manages to get root access (or even just access as the user running your application), he could dump the memory and find the password there.

The thing to ensure, is to not let the entire company have access to the production server (and thereby to the passwords), and make sure that it is impossible to crack this box!

Python: How to increase/reduce the fontsize of x and y tick labels?

You can set the fontsize directly in the call to set_xticklabels and set_yticklabels (as noted in previous answers). This will only affect one Axes at a time.

ax.set_xticklabels(x_ticks, rotation=0, fontsize=8)
ax.set_yticklabels(y_ticks, rotation=0, fontsize=8)

You can also set the ticklabel font size globally (i.e. for all figures/subplots in a script) using rcParams:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.rc('xtick',labelsize=8)
plt.rc('ytick',labelsize=8)

Or, equivalently:

plt.rcParams['xtick.labelsize']=8
plt.rcParams['ytick.labelsize']=8

Finally, if this is a setting that you would like to be set for all your matplotlib plots, you could also set these two rcParams in your matplotlibrc file:

xtick.labelsize      : 8 # fontsize of the x tick labels
ytick.labelsize      : 8 # fontsize of the y tick labels

How to encode the plus (+) symbol in a URL

Just to add this to the list:

Uri.EscapeUriString("Hi there+Hello there") // Hi%20there+Hello%20there
Uri.EscapeDataString("Hi there+Hello there") // Hi%20there%2BHello%20there

See https://stackoverflow.com/a/34189188/98491

Usually you want to use EscapeDataString which does it right.

How to hide keyboard in swift on pressing return key?

The return true part of this only tells the text field whether or not it is allowed to return.
You have to manually tell the text field to dismiss the keyboard (or what ever its first responder is), and this is done with resignFirstResponder(), like so:

// Called on 'Return' pressed. Return false to ignore.

func textFieldShouldReturn(_ textField: UITextField) -> Bool { 
    textField.resignFirstResponder()
    return true
}

java.net.ConnectException :connection timed out: connect?

Exception : java.net.ConnectException

This means your request didn't getting response from server in stipulated time. And their are some reasons for this exception:

  • Too many requests overloading the server
  • Request packet loss because of wrong network configuration or line overload
  • Sometimes firewall consume request packet before sever getting
  • Also depends on thread connection pool configuration and current status of connection pool
  • Response packet lost during transition

Understanding dict.copy() - shallow or deep?

Contents are shallow copied.

So if the original dict contains a list or another dictionary, modifying one them in the original or its shallow copy will modify them (the list or the dict) in the other.

Can I get the name of the current controller in the view?

controller_name holds the name of the controller used to serve the current view.

How does Facebook disable the browser's integrated Developer Tools?

This is not a security measure for weak code to be left unattended. Always get a permanent solution to weak code and secure your websites properly before implementing this strategy

The best tool by far according to my knowledge would be to add multiple javascript files that simply changes the integrity of the page back to normal by refreshing or replacing content. Disabling this developer tool would not be the greatest idea since bypassing is always in question since the code is part of the browser and not a server rendering, thus it could be cracked.

Should you have js file one checking for <element> changes on important elements and js file two and js file three checking that this file exists per period you will have full integrity restore on the page within the period.

Lets take an example of the 4 files and show you what I mean.

index.html

   <!DOCTYPE html>
   <html>
   <head id="mainhead">
   <script src="ks.js" id="ksjs"></script>
   <script src="mainfile.js" id="mainjs"></script>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" id="style">
   <meta id="meta1" name="description" content="Proper mitigation against script kiddies via Javascript" >
   </head>
   <body>
   <h1 id="heading" name="dontdel" value="2">Delete this from console and it will refresh. If you change the name attribute in this it will also refresh. This is mitigating an attack on attribute change via console to exploit vulnerabilities. You can even try and change the value attribute from 2 to anything you like. If This script says it is 2 it should be 2 or it will refresh. </h1>
   <h3>Deleting this wont refresh the page due to it having no integrity check on it</h3>

   <p>You can also add this type of error checking on meta tags and add one script out of the head tag to check for changes in the head tag. You can add many js files to ensure an attacker cannot delete all in the second it takes to refresh. Be creative and make this your own as your website needs it. 
   </p>

   <p>This is not the end of it since we can still enter any tag to load anything from everywhere (Dependent on headers etc) but we want to prevent the important ones like an override in meta tags that load headers. The console is designed to edit html but that could add potential html that is dangerous. You should not be able to enter any meta tags into this document unless it is as specified by the ks.js file as permissable. <br>This is not only possible with meta tags but you can do this for important tags like input and script. This is not a replacement for headers!!! Add your headers aswell and protect them with this method.</p>
   </body>
   <script src="ps.js" id="psjs"></script>
   </html>

mainfile.js

   setInterval(function() {
   // check for existence of other scripts. This part will go in all other files to check for this file aswell. 
   var ksExists = document.getElementById("ksjs"); 
   if(ksExists) {
   }else{ location.reload();};

   var psExists = document.getElementById("psjs");
   if(psExists) {
   }else{ location.reload();};

   var styleExists = document.getElementById("style");
   if(styleExists) {
   }else{ location.reload();};


   }, 1 * 1000); // 1 * 1000 milsec

ps.js

   /*This script checks if mainjs exists as an element. If main js is not existent as an id in the html file reload!You can add this to all js files to ensure that your page integrity is perfect every second. If the page integrity is bad it reloads the page automatically and the process is restarted. This will blind an attacker as he has one second to disable every javascript file in your system which is impossible.

   */

   setInterval(function() {
   // check for existence of other scripts. This part will go in all other files to check for this file aswell. 
   var mainExists = document.getElementById("mainjs"); 
   if(mainExists) {
   }else{ location.reload();};

   //check that heading with id exists and name tag is dontdel.
   var headingExists = document.getElementById("heading"); 
   if(headingExists) {
   }else{ location.reload();};
   var integrityHeading = headingExists.getAttribute('name');
   if(integrityHeading == 'dontdel') {
   }else{ location.reload();};
   var integrity2Heading = headingExists.getAttribute('value');
   if(integrity2Heading == '2') {
   }else{ location.reload();};
   //check that all meta tags stay there
   var meta1Exists = document.getElementById("meta1"); 
   if(meta1Exists) {
   }else{ location.reload();};

   var headExists = document.getElementById("mainhead"); 
   if(headExists) {
   }else{ location.reload();};

   }, 1 * 1000); // 1 * 1000 milsec

ks.js

   /*This script checks if mainjs exists as an element. If main js is not existent as an id in the html file reload! You can add this to all js files to ensure that your page integrity is perfect every second. If the page integrity is bad it reloads the page automatically and the process is restarted. This will blind an attacker as he has one second to disable every javascript file in your system which is impossible.

   */

   setInterval(function() {
   // check for existence of other scripts. This part will go in all other files to check for this file aswell. 
   var mainExists = document.getElementById("mainjs"); 
   if(mainExists) {
   }else{ location.reload();};
   //Check meta tag 1 for content changes. meta1 will always be 0. This you do for each meta on the page to ensure content credibility. No one will change a meta and get away with it. Addition of a meta in spot 10, say a meta after the id="meta10" should also be covered as below.
   var x = document.getElementsByTagName("meta")[0];
   var p = x.getAttribute("name");
   var s = x.getAttribute("content");
   if (p != 'description') {
   location.reload();
   }
   if ( s != 'Proper mitigation against script kiddies via Javascript') {
   location.reload();
   }
   // This will prevent a meta tag after this meta tag @ id="meta1". This prevents new meta tags from being added to your pages. This can be used for scripts or any tag you feel is needed to do integrity check on like inputs and scripts. (Yet again. It is not a replacement for headers to be added. Add your headers aswell!)
   var lastMeta = document.getElementsByTagName("meta")[1];
   if (lastMeta) {
   location.reload();
   }
   }, 1 * 1000); // 1 * 1000 milsec

style.css

Now this is just to show it works on all files and tags aswell

   #heading {
   background-color:red;
   }

If you put all these files together and build the example you will see the function of this measure. This will prevent some unforseen injections should you implement it correctly on all important elements in your index file especially when working with PHP.

Why I chose reload instead of change back to normal value per attribute is the fact that some attackers could have another part of the website already configured and ready and it lessens code amount. The reload will remove all the attacker's hard work and he will probably go play somewhere easier.

Another note: This could become a lot of code so keep it clean and make sure to add definitions to where they belong to make edits easy in future. Also set the seconds to your preferred amount as 1 second intervals on large pages could have drastic effects on older computers your visitors might be using

How do I install a Python package with a .whl file?

First, make sure you have updated pip to enable wheel support:

pip install --upgrade pip

Then, to install from wheel, give it the directory where the wheel is downloaded. For example, to install package_name.whl:

pip install --use-wheel --no-index --find-links=/where/its/downloaded package_name

Remove quotes from a character vector in R

Here is one combining noquote and paste:

noquote(paste("Argument is of length zero",sQuote("!"),"and",dQuote("double")))


#[1] Argument is of length zero ‘!’ and “double”

How to update std::map after using the find method?

You can also do like this-

 std::map<char, int>::iterator it = m.find('c'); 
 if (it != m.end())
 (*it).second = 42;

How can I create a temp file with a specific extension with .NET?

You can also do the following

string filename = Path.ChangeExtension(Path.GetTempFileName(), ".csv");

and this also works as expected

string filename = Path.ChangeExtension(Path.GetTempPath() + Guid.NewGuid().ToString(), ".csv");

Stash just a single file

You can interactively stash single lines with git stash -p (analogous to git add -p).

It doesn't take a filename, but you could just skip other files with d until you reached the file you want stashed and the stash all changes in there with a.

Convert number to month name in PHP

You need set fields with strtotime or mktime

echo date("F", strtotime('00-'.$result["month"].'-01'));

With mktime set only month. Try this one:

echo date("F", mktime(0, 0, 0, $result["month"], 1));

How to add browse file button to Windows Form using C#

OpenFileDialog fdlg = new OpenFileDialog();
fdlg.Title = "C# Corner Open File Dialog" ;
fdlg.InitialDirectory = @"c:\" ;
fdlg.Filter = "All files (*.*)|*.*|All files (*.*)|*.*" ;
fdlg.FilterIndex = 2 ;
fdlg.RestoreDirectory = true ;
if(fdlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
textBox1.Text = fdlg.FileName ;
}

In this code you can put your address in a text box.

Writing File to Temp Folder

For %appdata% take a look to

Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.ApplicationData)

How to remove all the occurrences of a char in c++ string

Using copy_if:

#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
int main() {
    std::string s1 = "a1a2b3c4a5";
    char s2[256];
    std::copy_if(s1.begin(), s1.end(), s2, [](char c){return c!='a';});
    std::cout << s2 << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

How to change line width in ggplot?

Line width in ggplot2 can be changed with argument lwd= in geom_line().

geom_line(aes(x=..., y=..., color=...), lwd=1.5)

Why won't my PHP app send a 404 error?

Your code is technically correct. If you looked at the headers of that blank page, you'd see a 404 header, and other computers/programs would be able to correctly identify the response as file not found.

Of course, your users are still SOL. Normally, 404s are handled by the web server.

  • User: Hey, do you have anything for me at this URI webserver?
  • Webserver: No, I don't, 404! Here's a page to display for 404s.

The problem is, once the web server starts processing the PHP page, it's already passed the point where it would handle a 404

  • User: Hey, do you have anything for me at this URI webserver?
  • Webserver: Yes, I do, it's a PHP page. It'll tell you what the response code is
  • PHP: Hey, OMG 404!!!!!!!
  • Webserver: Well crap, the 404 page people have already gone home, so I'll just send along whatever PHP gave me

In addition to providing a 404 header, PHP is now responsible for outputting the actual 404 page.

how can get index & count in vuejs

Using Vue 1.x, use the special variable $index like so:

<li v-for="catalog in catalogs">this index : {{$index + 1}}</li>

alternatively, you can specify an alias as a first argument for v-for directive like so:

<li v-for="(itemObjKey, catalog) in catalogs">
    this index : {{itemObjKey + 1}}
</li>

See : Vue 1.x guide

Using Vue 2.x, v-for provides a second optional argument referencing the index of the current item, you can add 1 to it in your mustache template as seen before:

<li v-for="(catalog, itemObjKey) in catalogs">
    this index : {{itemObjKey + 1}}
</li>

See: Vue 2.x guide

Eliminating the parentheses in the v-for syntax also works fine hence:

<li v-for="catalog, itemObjKey in catalogs">
    this index : {{itemObjKey + 1}}
</li>

Hope that helps.

jQuery delete all table rows except first

Another way to accomplish this is using the empty() function of jQuery with the thead and tbody elements in your table.

Example of a table:

<table id="tableId">
<thead>
    <tr><th>Col1</th><th>Col2</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
    <tr><td>some</td><td>content</td></tr>
    <tr><td>to be</td><td>removed</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>

And the jQuery command:

$("#tableId > tbody").empty();

This will remove every rows contained in the tbody element of your table and keep the thead element where your header should be. It can be useful when you want to refresh only the content of a table.

How to save to local storage using Flutter?

You can use Localstorage

1- Add dependency to pubspec.yaml (Change the version based on the last)

dependencies:
  ...
  localstorage: ^3.0.0

2- Then run the following command

flutter packages get

3- import the localstorage :

import 'package:localstorage/localstorage.dart';

4- create an instance

class MainApp extends StatelessWidget {
  final LocalStorage storage = new LocalStorage('localstorage_app');
  ...
}

Add item to lcoalstorage :

void addItemsToLocalStorage() {
  storage.setItem('name', 'Abolfazl');
  storage.setItem('family', 'Roshanzamir');

  final info = json.encode({'name': 'Darush', 'family': 'Roshanzami'});
  storage.setItem('info', info);
}

Get an item from lcoalstorage:

void getitemFromLocalStorage() {
  final name = storage.getItem('name'); // Abolfazl
  final family = storage.getItem('family'); // Roshanzamir
  
  Map<String, dynamic> info = json.decode(storage.getItem('info'));
  final info_name=info['name'];
  final info_family=info['family'];
}

Delete an item from localstorage :

void removeItemFromLocalStorage() {
  storage.deleteItem('name');
  storage.deleteItem('family');
  storage.deleteItem('info');
}

PHP - Get array value with a numeric index

$array = array('foo' => 'bar', 33 => 'bin', 'lorem' => 'ipsum');
$array = array_values($array);
echo $array[0]; //bar
echo $array[1]; //bin
echo $array[2]; //ipsum

Root element is missing

Hi this is odd way but try it once

  1. Read the file content into a string
  2. print the string and check whether you are getting proper XML or not
  3. you can use XMLDocument.LoadXML(xmlstring)

I try with your code and same XML without adding any XML declaration it works for me

XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
        doc.Load(@"H:\WorkSpace\C#\TestDemos\TestDemos\XMLFile1.xml");
        XmlNodeList nodes = doc.GetElementsByTagName("Product");
        XmlNode node = null;
        foreach (XmlNode n in nodes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("HI");
        }

Its working perfectly fine

How do I rename a Git repository?

If you are in Eclipse and have installed Egit then you can rename the repository that contains a project by doing the following:

1) In Eclipse: Close all projects that are in the repository.

2) In the file system: Locate the directory/folder that contains the repository.

3) In the file system: Rename the directory/folder that contains the repository.

4) In the file system: Open the directory/folder that contains the repository and rename the project directory/folder of any project you intend to rename so that it will match the new name of the project. (This is not required but it gives consistency between the project name in Eclipse and the project directory/folder in the repository.)

5) In Eclipse: Delete all projects that are in the repository but be sure to NOT check the 'Delete the contents from the file system' checkbox. (The project should no longer contain the correct location of the contents of the file system so the data could not be deleted in any case but it is better to be safe than sorry.)

6) In Eclipse: From the Menu select the File|Import... option.

7) In Eclipse: In dialog box open the 'Git' folder, select 'Projects from Git' and click 'Next'.

8) In Eclipse: In dialog box select 'Local' and click 'Next'.

9) In Eclipse: In dialog box click the 'Add...' button.

10) In Eclipse: In dialog box make sure the check box next to the repository is checked and click 'Finish'.

11) In Eclipse: In dialog box select the repository and click 'Next'.

12) In Eclipse: In dialog box select the 'Import existing projects' radio button, select the "Working Directory" and click 'Next'.

13) In Eclipse: In dialog box check the check box next to the projects you want to work on and click 'Finish'.

14) In Eclipse: Rename any the projects that are in the repository if so desired. (For consistency between Eclipse and the file system give them the same name as the project directory/folder inside the repository directory/folder.)

How to add a named sheet at the end of all Excel sheets?

ThisWorkbook.Sheets.Add After:=Sheets(Sheets.Count)
ActiveSheet.Name = "XYZ"

(when you add a worksheet, anyway it'll be the active sheet)

How do I check if the mouse is over an element in jQuery?

Set a timeout on the mouseout to fadeout and store the return value to data in the object. Then onmouseover, cancel the timeout if there is a value in the data.

Remove the data on callback of the fadeout.

It is actually less expensive to use mouseenter/mouseleave because they do not fire for the menu when children mouseover/mouseout fire.

Using JsonConvert.DeserializeObject to deserialize Json to a C# POCO class

That's not exactly what I had in mind. What do you do if you have a generic type to only be known at runtime?

public MyDTO toObject() {
  try {
    var methodInfo = MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod();
    if (methodInfo.DeclaringType != null) {
      var fullName = methodInfo.DeclaringType.FullName + "." + this.dtoName;
      Type type = Type.GetType(fullName);
      if (type != null) {
        var obj = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(payload);
      //var obj = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<type.MemberType.GetType()>(payload);  // <--- type ?????
          ...
      }
    }

    // Example for java..   Convert this to C#
    return JSONUtil.fromJSON(payload, Class.forName(dtoName, false, getClass().getClassLoader()));
  } catch (Exception ex) {
    throw new ReflectInsightException(MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().Name, ex);
  }
}

How to create materialized views in SQL Server?

They're called indexed views in SQL Server - read these white papers for more background:

Basically, all you need to do is:

  • create a regular view
  • create a clustered index on that view

and you're done!

The tricky part is: the view has to satisfy quite a number of constraints and limitations - those are outlined in the white paper. If you do this, that's all there is. The view is being updated automatically, no maintenance needed.

Additional resources:

Python xticks in subplots

See the (quite) recent answer on the matplotlib repository, in which the following solution is suggested:

  • If you want to set the xticklabels:

    ax.set_xticks([1,4,5]) 
    ax.set_xticklabels([1,4,5], fontsize=12)
    
  • If you want to only increase the fontsize of the xticklabels, using the default values and locations (which is something I personally often need and find very handy):

    ax.tick_params(axis="x", labelsize=12) 
    
  • To do it all at once:

    plt.setp(ax.get_xticklabels(), fontsize=12, fontweight="bold", 
             horizontalalignment="left")`
    

Executing <script> elements inserted with .innerHTML

Try this, it works for me on Chrome, Safari & Firefox:

var script = document.createElement('script');
script.innerHTML = 'console.log("hi")';
document.body.appendChild(script); 
--> logs "hi"

One thing to note though, is that the following div-nested script will NOT run:

var script = document.createElement('div');
script.innerHTML = '<script>console.log("hi")</script>';
document.body.appendChild(script);
--> doesn't log anything

For a script to run it has to be created as a node then appended as a child. You can even append a script inside a previously injected div & it will run (I've run into this before when trying to get ad server code to work):

var div = document.createElement('div');
div.id = 'test-id';
document.body.appendChild(div);
var script = document.createElement('script');
script.innerHTML = 'console.log("hi")';
document.getElementById('test-id').appendChild(script);
--> logs "hi"

Using .Select and .Where in a single LINQ statement

Did you add the Select() after the Where() or before?

You should add it after, because of the concurrency logic:

 1 Take the entire table  
 2 Filter it accordingly  
 3 Select only the ID's  
 4 Make them distinct.  

If you do a Select first, the Where clause can only contain the ID attribute because all other attributes have already been edited out.

Update: For clarity, this order of operators should work:

db.Items.Where(x=> x.userid == user_ID).Select(x=>x.Id).Distinct();

Probably want to add a .toList() at the end but that's optional :)

Change Select List Option background colour on hover in html

Currently there is no way to apply a css to get your desired result . Why not use libraries like choosen or select2 . These allow you to style the way you want.

If you don want to use third party libraries then you can make a simple un-ordered list and play with some css.Here is thread you could follow

How to convert <select> dropdown into an unordered list using jquery?

How can I check the system version of Android?

Build.VERSION.RELEASE;

That will give you the actual numbers of your version; aka 2.3.3 or 2.2. The problem with using Build.VERSION.SDK_INT is if you have a rooted phone or custom rom, you could have a none standard OS (aka my android is running 2.3.5) and that will return a null when using Build.VERSION.SDK_INT so Build.VERSION.RELEASE will work no matter what!

How to get all properties values of a JavaScript Object (without knowing the keys)?

Depending on which browsers you have to support, this can be done in a number of ways. The overwhelming majority of browsers in the wild support ECMAScript 5 (ES5), but be warned that many of the examples below use Object.keys, which is not available in IE < 9. See the compatibility table.

ECMAScript 3+

If you have to support older versions of IE, then this is the option for you:

for (var key in obj) {
    if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
        var val = obj[key];
        // use val
    }
}

The nested if makes sure that you don't enumerate over properties in the prototype chain of the object (which is the behaviour you almost certainly want). You must use

Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key) // ok

rather than

obj.hasOwnProperty(key) // bad

because ECMAScript 5+ allows you to create prototypeless objects with Object.create(null), and these objects will not have the hasOwnProperty method. Naughty code might also produce objects which override the hasOwnProperty method.

ECMAScript 5+

You can use these methods in any browser that supports ECMAScript 5 and above. These get values from an object and avoid enumerating over the prototype chain. Where obj is your object:

var keys = Object.keys(obj);

for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
    var val = obj[keys[i]];
    // use val
}

If you want something a little more compact or you want to be careful with functions in loops, then Array.prototype.forEach is your friend:

Object.keys(obj).forEach(function (key) {
    var val = obj[key];
    // use val
});

The next method builds an array containing the values of an object. This is convenient for looping over.

var vals = Object.keys(obj).map(function (key) {
    return obj[key];
});

// use vals array

If you want to make those using Object.keys safe against null (as for-in is), then you can do Object.keys(obj || {})....

Object.keys returns enumerable properties. For iterating over simple objects, this is usually sufficient. If you have something with non-enumerable properties that you need to work with, you may use Object.getOwnPropertyNames in place of Object.keys.

ECMAScript 2015+ (A.K.A. ES6)

Arrays are easier to iterate with ECMAScript 2015. You can use this to your advantage when working with values one-by–one in a loop:

for (const key of Object.keys(obj)) {
    const val = obj[key];
    // use val
}

Using ECMAScript 2015 fat-arrow functions, mapping the object to an array of values becomes a one-liner:

const vals = Object.keys(obj).map(key => obj[key]);

// use vals array

ECMAScript 2015 introduces Symbol, instances of which may be used as property names. To get the symbols of an object to enumerate over, use Object.getOwnPropertySymbols (this function is why Symbol can't be used to make private properties). The new Reflect API from ECMAScript 2015 provides Reflect.ownKeys, which returns a list of property names (including non-enumerable ones) and symbols.

Array comprehensions (do not attempt to use)

Array comprehensions were removed from ECMAScript 6 before publication. Prior to their removal, a solution would have looked like:

const vals = [for (key of Object.keys(obj)) obj[key]];

// use vals array

ECMAScript 2017+

ECMAScript 2016 adds features which do not impact this subject. The ECMAScript 2017 specification adds Object.values and Object.entries. Both return arrays (which will be surprising to some given the analogy with Array.entries). Object.values can be used as is or with a for-of loop.

const values = Object.values(obj);

// use values array or:

for (const val of Object.values(obj)) {
    // use val
}

If you want to use both the key and the value, then Object.entries is for you. It produces an array filled with [key, value] pairs. You can use this as is, or (note also the ECMAScript 2015 destructuring assignment) in a for-of loop:

for (const [key, val] of Object.entries(obj)) {
    // use key and val
}

Object.values shim

Finally, as noted in the comments and by teh_senaus in another answer, it may be worth using one of these as a shim. Don't worry, the following does not change the prototype, it just adds a method to Object (which is much less dangerous). Using fat-arrow functions, this can be done in one line too:

Object.values = obj => Object.keys(obj).map(key => obj[key]);

which you can now use like

// ['one', 'two', 'three']
var values = Object.values({ a: 'one', b: 'two', c: 'three' });

If you want to avoid shimming when a native Object.values exists, then you can do:

Object.values = Object.values || (obj => Object.keys(obj).map(key => obj[key]));

Finally...

Be aware of the browsers/versions you need to support. The above are correct where the methods or language features are implemented. For example, support for ECMAScript 2015 was switched off by default in V8 until recently, which powered browsers such as Chrome. Features from ECMAScript 2015 should be be avoided until the browsers you intend to support implement the features that you need. If you use babel to compile your code to ECMAScript 5, then you have access to all the features in this answer.

A general tree implementation?

A tree in Python is quite simple. Make a class that has data and a list of children. Each child is an instance of the same class. This is a general n-nary tree.

class Node(object):
    def __init__(self, data):
        self.data = data
        self.children = []

    def add_child(self, obj):
        self.children.append(obj)

Then interact:

>>> n = Node(5)
>>> p = Node(6)
>>> q = Node(7)
>>> n.add_child(p)
>>> n.add_child(q)
>>> n.children
[<__main__.Node object at 0x02877FF0>, <__main__.Node object at 0x02877F90>]
>>> for c in n.children:
...   print c.data
... 
6
7
>>> 

This is a very basic skeleton, not abstracted or anything. The actual code will depend on your specific needs - I'm just trying to show that this is very simple in Python.

Omitting the second expression when using the if-else shorthand

If you're not doing the else, why not do:

if (x==2) doSomething();

getting the error: expected identifier or ‘(’ before ‘{’ token

{
int main(void);

should be

int main(void)
{

Then I let you fix the next compilation errors of your program...

Show just the current branch in Git

You may be interested in the output of

git symbolic-ref HEAD

In particular, depending on your needs and layout you may wish to do

basename $(git symbolic-ref HEAD)

or

git symbolic-ref HEAD | cut -d/ -f3-

and then again there is the .git/HEAD file which may also be of interest for you.

How to sort an associative array by its values in Javascript?

i use $.each of jquery but you can make it with a for loop, an improvement is this:

        //.ArraySort(array)
        /* Sort an array
         */
        ArraySort = function(array, sortFunc){
              var tmp = [];
              var aSorted=[];
              var oSorted={};

              for (var k in array) {
                if (array.hasOwnProperty(k)) 
                    tmp.push({key: k, value:  array[k]});
              }

              tmp.sort(function(o1, o2) {
                    return sortFunc(o1.value, o2.value);
              });                     

              if(Object.prototype.toString.call(array) === '[object Array]'){
                  $.each(tmp, function(index, value){
                      aSorted.push(value.value);
                  });
                  return aSorted;                     
              }

              if(Object.prototype.toString.call(array) === '[object Object]'){
                  $.each(tmp, function(index, value){
                      oSorted[value.key]=value.value;
                  });                     
                  return oSorted;
              }               
     };

So now you can do

    console.log("ArraySort");
    var arr1 = [4,3,6,1,2,8,5,9,9];
    var arr2 = {'a':4, 'b':3, 'c':6, 'd':1, 'e':2, 'f':8, 'g':5, 'h':9};
    var arr3 = {a: 'green', b: 'brown', c: 'blue', d: 'red'};
    var result1 = ArraySort(arr1, function(a,b){return a-b});
    var result2 = ArraySort(arr2, function(a,b){return a-b});
    var result3 = ArraySort(arr3, function(a,b){return a>b});
    console.log(result1);
    console.log(result2);       
    console.log(result3);

How to make popup look at the centre of the screen?

/*--------  Bootstrap Modal Popup in Center of Screen --------------*/
/*---------------extra css------*/
.modal {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 0 !important;
}
.modal:before {
    content: '';
    display: inline-block;
    height: 100%;
    vertical-align: middle;
    margin-right: -4px;
}
.modal-dialog {
    display: inline-block;
    text-align: left;
    vertical-align: middle;
}
/*----- Modal Popup -------*/
<div class="modal fade" role="dialog">
    <div class="modal-dialog" >
        <div class="modal-content">
            <div class="modal-header">
                <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
                    <span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
                </button>
                <h5 class="modal-title">Header</h5>
            </div>
            <div class="modal-body">
               body here     
             </div>
        <div class="modal-footer">            
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</div>

How do you get the current time of day?

Current time with AM/PM designator:

DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss tt", System.Globalization.DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo)
DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss.fff tt", System.Globalization.DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo)

Current time using 0-23 hour notation:

DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss", System.Globalization.DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo)
DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss.fff", System.Globalization.DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo)

What is the purpose of nameof?

Another use case of nameof is to check tab pages, instead of checking the index you can check the Name property of the tabpages as follow:

if(tabControl.SelectedTab.Name == nameof(tabSettings))
{
    // Do something
}

Less messy :)

SELECT DISTINCT on one column

I know it was asked over 6 years ago, but knowledge is still knowledge. This is different solution than all above, as I had to run it under SQL Server 2000:

DECLARE @TestData TABLE([ID] int, [SKU] char(6), [Product] varchar(15))
INSERT INTO @TestData values (1 ,'FOO-23', 'Orange')
INSERT INTO @TestData values (2 ,'BAR-23', 'Orange')
INSERT INTO @TestData values (3 ,'FOO-24', 'Apple')
INSERT INTO @TestData values (4 ,'FOO-25', 'Orange')

SELECT DISTINCT  [ID] = ( SELECT TOP 1 [ID]  FROM @TestData Y WHERE Y.[Product] = X.[Product])
                ,[SKU]= ( SELECT TOP 1 [SKU] FROM @TestData Y WHERE Y.[Product] = X.[Product])
                ,[PRODUCT] 
            FROM @TestData X  

Failed Apache2 start, no error log

I ran into this problem on the Raspberry Pi. After trying everything but a reinstall, on a whim, I deleted /var/run/apache2/apache2.pid. I restarted Apache and everything worked. Not sure how to explain that.

In jQuery, what's the best way of formatting a number to 2 decimal places?

Maybe something like this, where you could select more than one element if you'd like?

$("#number").each(function(){
    $(this).val(parseFloat($(this).val()).toFixed(2));
});

Grep regex NOT containing string

patterns[1]="1\.2\.3\.4.*Has exploded"
patterns[2]="5\.6\.7\.8.*Has died"
patterns[3]="\!9\.10\.11\.12.*Has exploded"

for i in {1..3}
 do
grep "${patterns[$i]}" logfile.log
done

should be the the same as

egrep "(1\.2\.3\.4.*Has exploded|5\.6\.7\.8.*Has died)" logfile.log | egrep -v "9\.10\.11\.12.*Has exploded"    

How can I get the current directory name in Javascript?

In Node.js, you could use:

console.log('Current directory: ' + process.cwd());

How do I automatically set the $DISPLAY variable for my current session?

You'll need to tell your vnc client to export the correct $DISPLAY once you have logged in. How you do that will probably depend on your vnc client.

Django set field value after a form is initialized

in widget use 'value' attr. Example:

username = forms.CharField(
    required=False,
    widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'readonly': True, 'value': 'CONSTANT_VALUE'}),
)

python requests get cookies

If you need the path and thedomain for each cookie, which get_dict() is not exposes, you can parse the cookies manually, for instance:

[
    {'name': c.name, 'value': c.value, 'domain': c.domain, 'path': c.path}
    for c in session.cookies
]

git push to specific branch

git push origin amd_qlp_tester will work for you. If you just type git push, then the remote of the current branch is the default value.

Syntax of push looks like this - git push <remote> <branch>. If you look at your remote in .git/config file, you will see an entry [remote "origin"] which specifies url of the repository. So, in the first part of command you will tell Git where to find repository for this project, and then you just specify a branch.

Open URL in new window with JavaScript

Just use window.open() function? The third parameter lets you specify window size.

Example

var strWindowFeatures = "location=yes,height=570,width=520,scrollbars=yes,status=yes";
var URL = "https://www.linkedin.com/cws/share?mini=true&amp;url=" + location.href;
var win = window.open(URL, "_blank", strWindowFeatures);

What is the best open source help ticket system?

Howabout Bugzilla. Open source and what Mozilla uses.

jQuery: using a variable as a selector

You're thinking too complicated. It's actually just $('#'+openaddress).

Using set_facts and with_items together in Ansible

Looks like this behavior is how Ansible currently works, although there is a lot of interest in fixing it to work as desired. There's currently a pull request with the desired functionality so hopefully this will get incorporated into Ansible eventually.

source of historical stock data

For survivorship bias free data, the only reliable source I have found is QuantQuote (http://quantquote.com)

Data comes in minute, second, or tick resolution, link to their historical stock data.

There was a suggestion for kibot above. I would do a quick google search before buying from them, you'll find lots posts like this with warnings about kibot data quality problems. It is also telling that their supposedly survivorship bias free sp500 only has 570 symbols for 14 years. That's pretty much impossible, sp500 changes by 1-2 symbols per month....

How to find files that match a wildcard string in Java?

Util Method:

public static boolean isFileMatchTargetFilePattern(final File f, final String targetPattern) {
        String regex = targetPattern.replace(".", "\\.");  //escape the dot first
        regex = regex.replace("?", ".?").replace("*", ".*");
        return f.getName().matches(regex);

    }

jUnit Test:

@Test
public void testIsFileMatchTargetFilePattern()  {
    String dir = "D:\\repository\\org\my\\modules\\mobile\\mobile-web\\b1605.0.1";
    String[] regexPatterns = new String[] {"_*.repositories", "*.pom", "*-b1605.0.1*","*-b1605.0.1", "mobile*"};
    File fDir = new File(dir);
    File[] files = fDir.listFiles();

    for (String regexPattern : regexPatterns) {
        System.out.println("match pattern [" + regexPattern + "]:");
        for (File file : files) {
            System.out.println("\t" + file.getName() + " matches:" + FileUtils.isFileMatchTargetFilePattern(file, regexPattern));
        }
    }
}

Output:

match pattern [_*.repositories]:
    mobile-web-b1605.0.1.pom matches:false
    mobile-web-b1605.0.1.war matches:false
    _remote.repositories matches:true
match pattern [*.pom]:
    mobile-web-b1605.0.1.pom matches:true
    mobile-web-b1605.0.1.war matches:false
    _remote.repositories matches:false
match pattern [*-b1605.0.1*]:
    mobile-web-b1605.0.1.pom matches:true
    mobile-web-b1605.0.1.war matches:true
    _remote.repositories matches:false
match pattern [*-b1605.0.1]:
    mobile-web-b1605.0.1.pom matches:false
    mobile-web-b1605.0.1.war matches:false
    _remote.repositories matches:false
match pattern [mobile*]:
    mobile-web-b1605.0.1.pom matches:true
    mobile-web-b1605.0.1.war matches:true
    _remote.repositories matches:false

Importing Pandas gives error AttributeError: module 'pandas' has no attribute 'core' in iPython Notebook

yes, the Anaconda distribution includes pandas, type

conda list

to get a list of the packages installed.

How to preview git-pull without doing fetch?

I think git fetch is what your looking for.

It will pull the changes and objects without committing them to your local repo's index.

They can be merged later with git merge.

Man Page

Edit: Further Explination

Straight from the Git- SVN Crash Course link

Now, how do you get any new changes from a remote repository? You fetch them:

git fetch http://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/ 

At this point they are in your repository and you can examine them using:

git log origin 

You can also diff the changes. You can also use git log HEAD..origin to see just the changes you don't have in your branch. Then if would like to merge them - just do:

git merge origin

Note that if you don't specify a branch to fetch, it will conveniently default to the tracking remote.

Reading the man page is honestly going to give you the best understanding of options and how to use it.

I'm just trying to do this by examples and memory, I don't currently have a box to test out on. You should look at:

git log -p //log with diff

A fetch can be undone with git reset --hard (link) , however all uncommitted changes in your tree will be lost as well as the changes you've fetched.

Android Whatsapp/Chat Examples

Check out yowsup
https://github.com/tgalal/yowsup

Yowsup is a python library that allows you to do all the previous in your own app. Yowsup allows you to login and use the Whatsapp service and provides you with all capabilities of an official Whatsapp client, allowing you to create a full-fledged custom Whatsapp client.

A solid example of Yowsup's usage is Wazapp. Wazapp is full featured Whatsapp client that is being used by hundreds of thousands of people around the world. Yowsup is born out of the Wazapp project. Before becoming a separate project, it was only the engine powering Wazapp. Now that it matured enough, it was separated into a separate project, allowing anyone to build their own Whatsapp client on top of it. Having such a popular client as Wazapp, built on Yowsup, helped bring the project into a much advanced, stable and mature level, and ensures its continuous development and maintaince.

Yowsup also comes with a cross platform command-line frontend called yowsup-cli. yowsup-cli allows you to jump into connecting and using Whatsapp service directly from command line.

Calculate the mean by group

2015 update with dplyr:

df %>% group_by(dive) %>% summarise(percentage = mean(speed))
Source: local data frame [2 x 2]

   dive percentage
1 dive1  0.4777462
2 dive2  0.6726483

Recursively add the entire folder to a repository

Scenario / Solution 1:
Ensure your Folder / Sub-folder is not in the .gitignore file, by any chance.


Scenario / Solution 2:
By default, git add . works recursively.


Scenario / Solution 3:
git add --all :/ works smoothly, where git add . doesn't (work).
(@JasonHartley's comment)


Scenario / Solution 4:
The issue I personally faced was adding Subfolders or Files, which were common between multiple Folders.

For example:
Folder/Subfolder-L1/Subfolder-L2/...file12.txt
Folder/Subfolder-L1/Subfolder-L2/Subfolder-L3/...file123.txt
Folder/Subfolder-L1/...file1.txt

So Git was recommending me to add git submodule, which I tried but was a pain.


Finally what worked for me was:

1. git add one file that's at the last end / level of a Folder.
For example:
git add Folder/Subfolder-L1/Subfolder-L2/Subfolder-L3/...file123.txt

2. git add --all :/ now.
It'll very swiftly add all the Folders, Subfolders and files.


How to remove specific object from ArrayList in Java?

You can use Collections.binarySearch to find the element, then call remove on the returned index.

See the documentation for Collections.binarySearch here: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.4.2/docs/api/java/util/Collections.html#binarySearch%28java.util.List,%20java.lang.Object%29

This would require the ArrayTest object to have .equals implemented though. You would also need to call Collections.sort to sort the list. Finally, ArrayTest would have to implement the Comparable interface, so that binarySearch would run correctly.

This is the "proper" way to do it in Java. If you are just looking to solve the problem in a quick and dirty fashion, then you can just iterate over the elements and remove the one with the attribute you are looking for.

How to store NULL values in datetime fields in MySQL?

This is a a sensible point.

A null date is not a zero date. They may look the same, but they ain't. In mysql, a null date value is null. A zero date value is an empty string ('') and '0000-00-00 00:00:00'

On a null date "... where mydate = ''" will fail.
On an empty/zero date "... where mydate is null" will fail.

But now let's get funky. In mysql dates, empty/zero date are strictly the same.

by example

select if(myDate is null, 'null', myDate) as mydate from myTable where  myDate = '';
select if(myDate is null, 'null', myDate) as mydate from myTable where  myDate = '0000-00-00 00:00:00'

will BOTH output: '0000-00-00 00:00:00'. if you update myDate with '' or '0000-00-00 00:00:00', both selects will still work the same.

In php, the mysql null dates type will be respected with the standard mysql connector, and be real nulls ($var === null, is_null($var)). Empty dates will always be represented as '0000-00-00 00:00:00'.

I strongly advise to use only null dates, OR only empty dates if you can. (some systems will use "virual" zero dates which are valid Gregorian dates, like 1970-01-01 (linux) or 0001-01-01 (oracle).

empty dates are easier in php/mysql. You don't have the "where field is null" to handle. However, you have to "manually" transform the '0000-00-00 00:00:00' date in '' to display empty fields. (to store or search you don't have special case to handle for zero dates, which is nice).

Null dates need better care. you have to be careful when you insert or update to NOT add quotes around null, else a zero date will be inserted instead of null, which causes your standard data havoc. In search forms, you will need to handle cases like "and mydate is not null", and so on.

Null dates are usually more work. but they much MUCH MUCH faster than zero dates for queries.

Browser detection

if (Request.Browser.Type.Contains("Firefox")) // replace with your check
{
    ...
} 
else if (Request.Browser.Type.ToUpper().Contains("IE")) // replace with your check
{
    if (Request.Browser.MajorVersion  < 7)
    { 
        DoSomething(); 
    }
    ...
}
else { }

Is there a better way to refresh WebView?

1) In case you want to reload the same URL:

mWebView.loadUrl("http://www.websitehere.php");

so the full code would be

newButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   public void onClick(View v) {
    dgeActivity.this.mWebView.loadUrl("http://www.websitehere.php");
   }});

2) You can also call mWebView.reload() but be aware this reposts a page if the request was POST, so only works correctly with GET.

How can I declare and use Boolean variables in a shell script?

TL;DR

bool=true

if [ "$bool" = true ]

Issues with Miku's (original) answer

I do not recommend the accepted answer1. Its syntax is pretty, but it has some flaws.

Say we have the following condition.

if $var; then
  echo 'Muahahaha!'
fi

In the following cases2, this condition will evaluate to true and execute the nested command.

# Variable var not defined beforehand. Case 1
var=''  # Equivalent to var="".      # Case 2
var=                                 # Case 3
unset var                            # Case 4
var='<some valid command>'           # Case 5

Typically you only want your condition to evaluate to true when your "Boolean" variable, var in this example, is explicitly set to true. All the other cases are dangerously misleading!

The last case (#5) is especially naughty because it will execute the command contained in the variable (which is why the condition evaluates to true for valid commands3, 4).

Here is a harmless example:

var='echo this text will be displayed when the condition is evaluated'
if $var; then
  echo 'Muahahaha!'
fi

# Outputs:
# this text will be displayed when the condition is evaluated
# Muahahaha!

Quoting your variables is safer, e.g. if "$var"; then. In the above cases, you should get a warning that the command is not found. But we can still do better (see my recommendations at the bottom).

Also see Mike Holt's explanation of Miku's original answer.

Issues with Hbar's answer

This approach also has unexpected behavior.

var=false
if [ $var ]; then
  echo "This won't print, var is false!"
fi

# Outputs:
# This won't print, var is false!

You would expect the above condition to evaluate to false, thus never executing the nested statement. Surprise!

Quoting the value ("false"), quoting the variable ("$var"), or using test or [[ instead of [, do not make a difference.

What I do recommend:

Here are ways I recommend you check your "Booleans". They work as expected.

bool=true

if [ "$bool" = true ]; then
if [ "$bool" = "true" ]; then

if [[ "$bool" = true ]]; then
if [[ "$bool" = "true" ]]; then
if [[ "$bool" == true ]]; then
if [[ "$bool" == "true" ]]; then

if test "$bool" = true; then
if test "$bool" = "true"; then

They're all pretty much equivalent. You'll have to type a few more keystrokes than the approaches in the other answers5, but your code will be more defensive.


Footnotes

  1. Miku's answer has since been edited and no longer contains (known) flaws.
  2. Not an exhaustive list.
  3. A valid command in this context means a command that exists. It doesn't matter if the command is used correctly or incorrectly. E.g. man woman would still be considered a valid command, even if no such man page exists.
  4. For invalid (non-existent) commands, Bash will simply complain that the command wasn't found.
  5. If you care about length, the first recommendation is the shortest.

Writing a dictionary to a text file?

If you want a dictionary you can import from a file by name, and also that adds entries that are nicely sorted, and contains strings you want to preserve, you can try this:

data = {'A': 'a', 'B': 'b', }

with open('file.py','w') as file:
    file.write("dictionary_name = { \n")
    for k in sorted (data.keys()):
        file.write("'%s':'%s', \n" % (k, data[k]))
    file.write("}")

Then to import:

from file import dictionary_name

What is the difference between sed and awk?

1) What is the difference between awk and sed ?

Both are tools that transform text. BUT awk can do more things besides just manipulating text. Its a programming language by itself with most of the things you learn in programming, like arrays, loops, if/else flow control etc You can "program" in sed as well, but you won't want to maintain the code written in it.

2) What kind of application are best use cases for sed and awk tools ?

Conclusion: Use sed for very simple text parsing. Anything beyond that, awk is better. In fact, you can ditch sed altogether and just use awk. Since their functions overlap and awk can do more, just use awk. You will reduce your learning curve as well.

How do I check the operating system in Python?

You can use sys.platform:

from sys import platform
if platform == "linux" or platform == "linux2":
    # linux
elif platform == "darwin":
    # OS X
elif platform == "win32":
    # Windows...

sys.platform has finer granularity than sys.name.

For the valid values, consult the documentation.

See also the answer to “What OS am I running on?”

Get list of certificates from the certificate store in C#

X509Store store = new X509Store(StoreName.My, StoreLocation.LocalMachine);

store.Open(OpenFlags.ReadOnly);

foreach (X509Certificate2 certificate in store.Certificates){
    //TODO's
}

Python String and Integer concatenation

I did something else. I wanted to replace a word, in lists off lists, that contained phrases. I wanted to replace that sttring / word with a new word that will be a join between string and number, and that number / digit will indicate the position of the phrase / sublist / lists of lists.

That is, I replaced a string with a string and an incremental number that follow it.

    myoldlist_1=[[' myoldword'],[''],['tttt myoldword'],['jjjj ddmyoldwordd']]
        No_ofposition=[]
        mynewlist_2=[]
        for i in xrange(0,4,1):
            mynewlist_2.append([x.replace('myoldword', "%s" % i+"_mynewword") for x in myoldlist_1[i]])
            if len(mynewlist_2[i])>0:
                No_ofposition.append(i)
mynewlist_2
No_ofposition

how do I use an enum value on a switch statement in C++

Some things to note:

You should always declare your enum inside a namespace as enums are not proper namespaces and you will be tempted to use them like one.

Always have a break at the end of each switch clause execution will continue downwards to the end otherwise.

Always include the default: case in your switch.

Use variables of enum type to hold enum values for clarity.

see here for a discussion of the correct use of enums in C++.

This is what you want to do.

namespace choices
{
    enum myChoice 
    { 
        EASY = 1 ,
        MEDIUM = 2, 
        HARD = 3  
    };
}

int main(int c, char** argv)
{
    choices::myChoice enumVar;
    cin >> enumVar;
    switch (enumVar)
    {
        case choices::EASY:
        {
            // do stuff
            break;
        }
        case choices::MEDIUM:
        {
            // do stuff
            break;
        }

        default:
        {
            // is likely to be an error
        }
    };

}

Android Studio - Auto complete and other features not working

Simpy It was working for me after restarting the Android studio.

MySQL INNER JOIN select only one row from second table

SELECT u.*, p.*, max(p.date)
FROM payments p
JOIN users u ON u.id=p.user_id AND u.package = 1
GROUP BY u.id
ORDER BY p.date DESC

Check out this sqlfiddle

git remote add with other SSH port

Best answer doesn't work for me. I needed ssh:// from the beggining.

# does not work
git remote set-url origin [email protected]:10000/aaa/bbbb/ccc.git
# work
git remote set-url origin ssh://[email protected]:10000/aaa/bbbb/ccc.git

How can I delete one element from an array by value

Here are some benchmarks:

require 'fruity'


class Array          
  def rodrigo_except(*values)
    self - values
  end    

  def niels_except value
    value = value.kind_of?(Array) ? value : [value]
    self - value
  end
end

ARY = [2,4,6,3,8]

compare do
  soziev  { a = ARY.dup; a.delete(3);               a }
  steve   { a = ARY.dup; a -= [3];                  a }
  barlop  { a = ARY.dup; a.delete_if{ |i| i == 3 }; a }
  rodrigo { a = ARY.dup; a.rodrigo_except(3);         }
  niels   { a = ARY.dup; a.niels_except(3);           }
end

# >> Running each test 4096 times. Test will take about 2 seconds.
# >> soziev is similar to barlop
# >> barlop is faster than steve by 2x ± 1.0
# >> steve is faster than rodrigo by 4x ± 1.0
# >> rodrigo is similar to niels

And again with a bigger array containing lots of duplicates:

class Array          
  def rodrigo_except(*values)
    self - values
  end    

  def niels_except value
    value = value.kind_of?(Array) ? value : [value]
    self - value
  end
end

ARY = [2,4,6,3,8] * 1000

compare do
  soziev  { a = ARY.dup; a.delete(3);               a }
  steve   { a = ARY.dup; a -= [3];                  a }
  barlop  { a = ARY.dup; a.delete_if{ |i| i == 3 }; a }
  rodrigo { a = ARY.dup; a.rodrigo_except(3);         }
  niels   { a = ARY.dup; a.niels_except(3);           }
end

# >> Running each test 16 times. Test will take about 1 second.
# >> steve is faster than soziev by 30.000000000000004% ± 10.0%
# >> soziev is faster than barlop by 50.0% ± 10.0%
# >> barlop is faster than rodrigo by 3x ± 0.1
# >> rodrigo is similar to niels

And even bigger with more duplicates:

class Array          
  def rodrigo_except(*values)
    self - values
  end    

  def niels_except value
    value = value.kind_of?(Array) ? value : [value]
    self - value
  end
end

ARY = [2,4,6,3,8] * 100_000

compare do
  soziev  { a = ARY.dup; a.delete(3);               a }
  steve   { a = ARY.dup; a -= [3];                  a }
  barlop  { a = ARY.dup; a.delete_if{ |i| i == 3 }; a }
  rodrigo { a = ARY.dup; a.rodrigo_except(3);         }
  niels   { a = ARY.dup; a.niels_except(3);           }
end

# >> Running each test once. Test will take about 6 seconds.
# >> steve is similar to soziev
# >> soziev is faster than barlop by 2x ± 0.1
# >> barlop is faster than niels by 3x ± 1.0
# >> niels is similar to rodrigo

Returning Month Name in SQL Server Query

for me DATENAME was not accessable due to company restrictions.... but this worked very easy too.

FORMAT(date, 'MMMM') AS month

How to disable javax.swing.JButton in java?

This works.

public class TestButton {

public TestButton() {
    JFrame f = new JFrame();
    f.setSize(new Dimension(200,200));
    JPanel p = new JPanel();
    p.setLayout(new FlowLayout());

    final JButton stop = new JButton("Stop");
    final JButton start = new JButton("Start");
    p.add(start);
    p.add(stop);
    f.getContentPane().add(p);
    stop.setEnabled(false);
    stop.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            start.setEnabled(true);
            stop.setEnabled(false);

        }
    });

    start.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            start.setEnabled(false);
            stop.setEnabled(true);

        }
    });
    f.setVisible(true);
}

/**
 * @param args
 */
public static void main(String[] args) {
    new TestButton();

}

}

How to fix nginx throws 400 bad request headers on any header testing tools?

As stated by Maxim Dounin in the comments above:

When nginx returns 400 (Bad Request) it will log the reason into error log, at "info" level. Hence an obvious way to find out what's going on is to configure error_log to log messages at "info" level and take a look into error log when testing.

Javadoc link to method in other class

For the Javadoc tag @see, you don't need to use @link; Javadoc will create a link for you. Try

@see com.my.package.Class#method()

Here's more info about @see.

What is the apply function in Scala?

It comes from the idea that you often want to apply something to an object. The more accurate example is the one of factories. When you have a factory, you want to apply parameter to it to create an object.

Scala guys thought that, as it occurs in many situation, it could be nice to have a shortcut to call apply. Thus when you give parameters directly to an object, it's desugared as if you pass these parameters to the apply function of that object:

class MyAdder(x: Int) {
  def apply(y: Int) = x + y
}

val adder = new MyAdder(2)
val result = adder(4) // equivalent to x.apply(4)

It's often use in companion object, to provide a nice factory method for a class or a trait, here is an example:

trait A {
  val x: Int
  def myComplexStrategy: Int
}

object A {
  def apply(x: Int): A = new MyA(x)

  private class MyA(val x: Int) extends A {
    val myComplexStrategy = 42
  }
}

From the scala standard library, you might look at how scala.collection.Seq is implemented: Seq is a trait, thus new Seq(1, 2) won't compile but thanks to companion object and apply, you can call Seq(1, 2) and the implementation is chosen by the companion object.

Show DataFrame as table in iPython Notebook

I prefer not messing with HTML and use as much as native infrastructure as possible. You can use Output widget with Hbox or VBox:

import ipywidgets as widgets
from IPython import display
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

# sample data
df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(8, 3))
df2 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(8, 3))

# create output widgets
widget1 = widgets.Output()
widget2 = widgets.Output()

# render in output widgets
with widget1:
    display.display(df1)
with widget2:
    display.display(df2)

# create HBox
hbox = widgets.HBox([widget1, widget2])

# render hbox
hbox

This outputs:

enter image description here

python-How to set global variables in Flask?

With:

global index_add_counter

You are not defining, just declaring so it's like saying there is a global index_add_counter variable elsewhere, and not create a global called index_add_counter. As you name don't exists, Python is telling you it can not import that name. So you need to simply remove the global keyword and initialize your variable:

index_add_counter = 0

Now you can import it with:

from app import index_add_counter

The construction:

global index_add_counter

is used inside modules' definitions to force the interpreter to look for that name in the modules' scope, not in the definition one:

index_add_counter = 0
def test():
  global index_add_counter # means: in this scope, use the global name
  print(index_add_counter)

How to prevent "The play() request was interrupted by a call to pause()" error?

I've fixed it with some code bellow:

When you want play, use the following:

var video_play = $('#video-play');
video_play.on('canplay', function() {
 video_play.trigger('play');
});

Similarly, when you want pause:

var video_play = $('#video-play');
video_play.trigger('pause');

video_play.on('canplay', function() {
  video_play.trigger('pause');
});

Running Python on Windows for Node.js dependencies

gyp ERR! configure error gyp ERR! stack Error: Can't find Python executable "python", you can set the PYT HON env variable.

Not necessary to reinstall, this exception throw by node-gyp script, then try to rebuild. It's enough setup environment variable like in my case I did:

SET PYTHON=C:\work\_env\Python27\python.exe

What is the JavaScript version of sleep()?

I got Promise is not a constructor using the top answer. If you import bluebird you can do this. Simplest solution imo.

import * as Promise from 'bluebird';


  await Promise.delay(5000)

How to create threads in nodejs

Every node.js process is single threaded by design. Therefore to get multiple threads, you have to have multiple processes (As some other posters have pointed out, there are also libraries you can link to that will give you the ability to work with threads in Node, but no such capability exists without those libraries. See answer by Shawn Vincent referencing https://github.com/audreyt/node-webworker-threads)

You can start child processes from your main process as shown here in the node.js documentation: http://nodejs.org/api/child_process.html. The examples are pretty good on this page and are pretty straight forward.

Your parent process can then watch for the close event on any process it started and then could force close the other processes you started to achieve the type of one fail all stop strategy you are talking about.

Also see: Node.js on multi-core machines

Replace Multiple String Elements in C#

If you are simply after a pretty solution and don't need to save a few nanoseconds, how about some LINQ sugar?

var input = "test1test2test3";
var replacements = new Dictionary<string, string> { { "1", "*" }, { "2", "_" }, { "3", "&" } };

var output = replacements.Aggregate(input, (current, replacement) => current.Replace(replacement.Key, replacement.Value));

Passing parameter to controller from route in laravel

    $ php artisan route:list
  +--------+--------------------------------+----------------------------+--    -----------------+----------------------------------------------------+---------  ---+
  | Domain | Method                         | URI                        |  Name              | Action                                             |    Middleware |
  +--------+--------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------+----------------------------------------------------+------------+
  |        | GET|HEAD                       | /                          |                           
  |        | GET                            | campaign/showtakeup/{id}   | showtakeup         | App\Http\Controllers\campaignController@showtakeup | auth       |     |

routes.php

  Route::get('campaign/showtakeup/{id}', ['uses' =>'campaignController@showtakeup'])->name('showtakeup');

campaign.showtakeup.blade.php

 @foreach($campaign as $campaigns)


   //route parameters; you may pass them as the second argument to the method:

   <a href="{{route('showtakeup', ['id' => $campaigns->id])}}">{{ $campaigns->name }}</a>




            @endforeach

Hope this solves your problem. Thanks

I want to use CASE statement to update some records in sql server 2005

If you don't want to repeat the list twice (as per @J W's answer), then put the updates in a table variable and use a JOIN in the UPDATE:

declare @ToDo table (FromName varchar(10), ToName varchar(10))
insert into @ToDo(FromName,ToName) values
 ('AAA','BBB'),
 ('CCC','DDD'),
 ('EEE','FFF')

update ts set LastName = ToName
from dbo.TestStudents ts
       inner join
     @ToDo t
       on
         ts.LastName = t.FromName

How to print matched regex pattern using awk?

If you are only interested in the last line of input and you expect to find only one match (for example a part of the summary line of a shell command), you can also try this very compact code, adopted from How to print regexp matches using `awk`?:

$ echo "xxx yyy zzz" | awk '{match($0,"yyy",a)}END{print a[0]}'
yyy

Or the more complex version with a partial result:

$ echo "xxx=a yyy=b zzz=c" | awk '{match($0,"yyy=([^ ]+)",a)}END{print a[1]}'
b

Warning: the awk match() function with three arguments only exists in gawk, not in mawk

Here is another nice solution using a lookbehind regex in grep instead of awk. This solution has lower requirements to your installation:

$ echo "xxx=a yyy=b zzz=c" | grep -Po '(?<=yyy=)[^ ]+'
b

ng if with angular for string contains

Only the shortcut syntax worked for me *ngIf.

(I think it's the later versions that use this syntax if I'm not mistaken)

<div *ngIf="haystack.indexOf('needle') > -1">
</div>

or

<div *ngIf="haystack.includes('needle')">
</div>

Java reverse an int value without using array

Java reverse an int value - Principles

  1. Modding (%) the input int by 10 will extract off the rightmost digit. example: (1234 % 10) = 4

  2. Multiplying an integer by 10 will "push it left" exposing a zero to the right of that number, example: (5 * 10) = 50

  3. Dividing an integer by 10 will remove the rightmost digit. (75 / 10) = 7

Java reverse an int value - Pseudocode:

a. Extract off the rightmost digit of your input number. (1234 % 10) = 4

b. Take that digit (4) and add it into a new reversedNum.

c. Multiply reversedNum by 10 (4 * 10) = 40, this exposes a zero to the right of your (4).

d. Divide the input by 10, (removing the rightmost digit). (1234 / 10) = 123

e. Repeat at step a with 123

Java reverse an int value - Working code

public int reverseInt(int input) {
    long reversedNum = 0;
    long input_long = input;

    while (input_long != 0) {
        reversedNum = reversedNum * 10 + input_long % 10;
        input_long = input_long / 10;
    }

    if (reversedNum > Integer.MAX_VALUE || reversedNum < Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    }
    return (int) reversedNum;
}

You will never do anything like this in the real work-world. However, the process by which you use to solve it without help is what separates people who can solve problems from the ones who want to, but can't unless they are spoon fed by nice people on the blogoblags.

java : non-static variable cannot be referenced from a static context Error

You probably want to add "static" to the declaration of con2.

In Java, things (both variables and methods) can be properties of the class (which means they're shared by all objects of that type), or they can be properties of the object (a different one in each object of the same class). The keyword "static" is used to indicate that something is a property of the class.

"Static" stuff exists all the time. The other stuff only exists after you've created an object, and even then each individual object has its own copy of the thing. And the flip side of this is key in this case: static stuff can't access non-static stuff, because it doesn't know which object to look in. If you pass it an object reference, it can do stuff like "thingie.con2", but simply saying "con2" is not allowed, because you haven't said which object's con2 is meant.

Text file with 0D 0D 0A line breaks

Just saying, this is also the value (kind of...) that is returned from php upon:

<?php var_dump(urlencode(PHP_EOL)); ?> 
    // Prints: string '%0D%0A' (length=6)-- used in 5.4.24 at least

Using Django time/date widgets in custom form

Updated solution and workaround for SplitDateTime with required=False:

forms.py

from django import forms

class SplitDateTimeJSField(forms.SplitDateTimeField):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(SplitDateTimeJSField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.widget.widgets[0].attrs = {'class': 'vDateField'}
        self.widget.widgets[1].attrs = {'class': 'vTimeField'}  


class AnyFormOrModelForm(forms.Form):
    date = forms.DateField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'class':'vDateField'}))
    time = forms.TimeField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'class':'vTimeField'}))
    timestamp = SplitDateTimeJSField(required=False,)

form.html

<script type="text/javascript" src="/admin/jsi18n/"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/admin_media/js/core.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/admin_media/js/calendar.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/admin_media/js/admin/DateTimeShortcuts.js"></script>

urls.py

(r'^admin/jsi18n/', 'django.views.i18n.javascript_catalog'),

copying all contents of folder to another folder using batch file?

I have written a .bat file to copy and paste file to a temporary folder and make it zip and transfer into a smb mount point, Hope this would help,

    @echo off
    if not exist "C:\Temp Backup\" mkdir "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%"
    if not exist "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%\ZIP" mkdir "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%\ZIP"
    if not exist "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%\Logs" mkdir "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%\Logs"
    xcopy /s/e/q "C:\Source" "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%"
   Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%\Logs"
    "C:\Program Files (x86)\WinRAR\WinRAR.exe" a  "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%\ZIP\ZIP_Backup_%date:~-4,4%_%date:~-10,2%_%date:~-7,2%.rar" "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%\TELIUM"
    "C:\Program Files (x86)\WinRAR\WinRAR.exe" a  "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%\ZIP\ZIP_Backup_Log_%date:~-4,4%_%date:~-10,2%_%date:~-7,2%.rar" "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%\Logs"
    NET USE \\IP\IPC$ /u:IP\username password
    ROBOCOPY "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%\ZIP"  "\\IP\Backup Folder" /z /MIR /unilog+:"C:\backup_log_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%.log"
    NET USE \\172.20.10.103\IPC$ /D
    RMDIR /S /Q "C:\Temp Backup_%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%"

How to check programmatically if an application is installed or not in Android?

Somewhat cleaner solution than the accepted answer (based on this question):

public static boolean isAppInstalled(Context context, String packageName) {
    try {
        context.getPackageManager().getApplicationInfo(packageName, 0);
        return true;
    }
    catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
        return false;
    }
}

I chose to put it in a helper class as a static utility. Usage example:

boolean whatsappFound = AndroidUtils.isAppInstalled(context, "com.whatsapp");

This answer shows how to get the app from the Play Store if the app is missing, though care needs to be taken on devices that don't have the Play Store.

jQuery get the rendered height of an element?

So is this the answer?

"If you need to calculate something but not show it, set the element to visibility:hidden and position:absolute, add it to the DOM tree, get the offsetHeight, and remove it. (That's what the prototype library does behind the lines last time I checked)."

I have the same problem on a number of elements. There is no jQuery or Prototype to be used on the site but I'm all in favor of borrowing the technique if it works. As an example of some things that failed to work, followed by what did, I have the following code:

// Layout Height Get
function fnElementHeightMaxGet(DoScroll, DoBase, elementPassed, elementHeightDefault)
{
    var DoOffset = true;
    if (!elementPassed) { return 0; }
    if (!elementPassed.style) { return 0; }
    var thisHeight = 0;
    var heightBase = parseInt(elementPassed.style.height);
    var heightOffset = parseInt(elementPassed.offsetHeight);
    var heightScroll = parseInt(elementPassed.scrollHeight);
    var heightClient = parseInt(elementPassed.clientHeight);
    var heightNode = 0;
    var heightRects = 0;
    //
    if (DoBase) {
        if (heightBase > thisHeight) { thisHeight = heightBase; }
    }
    if (DoOffset) {
        if (heightOffset > thisHeight) { thisHeight = heightOffset; }
    }
    if (DoScroll) {
        if (heightScroll > thisHeight) { thisHeight = heightScroll; }
    }
    //
    if (thisHeight == 0) { thisHeight = heightClient; }
    //
    if (thisHeight == 0) { 
        // Dom Add:
        // all else failed so use the protype approach...
        var elBodyTempContainer = document.getElementById('BodyTempContainer');
        elBodyTempContainer.appendChild(elementPassed);
        heightNode = elBodyTempContainer.childNodes[0].offsetHeight;
        elBodyTempContainer.removeChild(elementPassed);
        if (heightNode > thisHeight) { thisHeight = heightNode; }
        //
        // Bounding Rect:
        // Or this approach...
        var clientRects = elementPassed.getClientRects();
        heightRects = clientRects.height;
        if (heightRects > thisHeight) { thisHeight = heightRects; }
    }
    //
    // Default height not appropriate here
    // if (thisHeight == 0) { thisHeight = elementHeightDefault; }
    if (thisHeight > 3000) {
        // ERROR
        thisHeight = 3000;
    }
    return thisHeight;
}

which basically tries anything and everything only to get a zero result. ClientHeight with no affect. With the problem elements I typically get NaN in the Base and zero in the Offset and Scroll heights. I then tried the Add DOM solution and clientRects to see if it works here.

29 Jun 2011, I did indeed update the code to try both adding to DOM and clientHeight with better results than I expected.

1) clientHeight was also 0.

2) Dom actually gave me a height which was great.

3) ClientRects returns a result almost identical to the DOM technique.

Because the elements added are fluid in nature, when they are added to an otherwise empty DOM Temp element they are rendered according to the width of that container. This get weird, because that is 30px shorter than it eventually ends up.

I added a few snapshots to illustrate how the height is calculated differently. Menu block rendered normally Menu block added to DOM Temp element

The height differences are obvious. I could certainly add absolute positioning and hidden but I am sure that will have no effect. I continued to be convinced this would not work!

(I digress further) The height comes out (renders) lower than the true rendered height. This could be addressed by setting the width of the DOM Temp element to match the existing parent and could be done fairly accurately in theory. I also do not know what would result from removing them and adding them back into their existing location. As they arrived through an innerHTML technique I will be looking using this different approach.

* HOWEVER * None of that was necessary. In fact it worked as advertised and returned the correct height!!!

When I was able to get the menus visible again amazingly DOM had returned the correct height per the fluid layout at the top of the page (279px). The above code also uses getClientRects which return 280px.

This is illustrated in the following snapshot (taken from Chrome once working.)
enter image description here

Now I have noooooo idea why that prototype trick works, but it seems to. Alternatively, getClientRects also works.

I suspect the cause of all this trouble with these particular elements was the use of innerHTML instead of appendChild, but that is pure speculation at this point.

How to get store information in Magento?

If You are working on Frontend Then Use:

$currentStore=Mage::app()->getStore(); 

If You have store id then use

$store=Mage::getmodel('core/store')->load($storeId);

PHP removing a character in a string

While a regexp would suit here just fine, I'll present you with an alternative method. It might be a tad faster than the equivalent regexp, but life's all about choices (...or something).

$length = strlen($urlString);
for ($i=0; $i<$length; i++) {
  if ($urlString[$i] === '?') {
    $urlString[$i+1] = '';
    break;
  }
}

Weird, I know.

Disabling Strict Standards in PHP 5.4

As the commenters have stated the best option is to fix the errors, but with limited time or knowledge, that's not always possible. In your php.ini change

error_reporting = E_ALL

to

error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT

If you don't have access to the php.ini, you can potentially put this in your .htaccess file:

php_value error_reporting 30711

This is the E_ALL value (32767) and the removing the E_STRICT (2048) and E_NOTICE (8) values.

If you don't have access to the .htaccess file or it's not enabled, you'll probably need to put this at the top of the PHP section of any script that gets loaded from a browser call:

error_reporting(E_ALL & ~E_STRICT & ~E_NOTICE);

One of those should help you be able to use the software. The notices and strict stuff are indicators of problems or potential problems though and you may find some of the code is not working correctly in PHP 5.4.

How to show PIL images on the screen?

You can display an image in your own window using Tkinter, w/o depending on image viewers installed in your system:

import Tkinter as tk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk  # Place this at the end (to avoid any conflicts/errors)

window = tk.Tk()
#window.geometry("500x500") # (optional)    
imagefile = {path_to_your_image_file}
img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open(imagefile))
lbl = tk.Label(window, image = img).pack()
window.mainloop()

For Python 3, replace import Tkinter as tk with import tkinter as tk.

Uncaught TypeError: Cannot set property 'value' of null

The problem is that you haven't got any element with the id u so that you are calling something that doesn't exist.
To fix that you have to add an id to the element.

<input id="u" type="text" class="searchbox1" name="search" placeholder="Search for Brand, Store or an Item..." value="text" />


And I've seen too you have added a value for the input, so it means the input is not empty and it will contain text. As result placeholder won't be displayed.

Finally there is a warning that W3Validator will say because of the "/" in the end. :

For the current document, the validator interprets strings like according to legacy rules that break the expectations of most authors and thus cause confusing warnings and error messages from the validator. This interpretation is triggered by HTML 4 documents or other SGML-based HTML documents. To avoid the messages, simply remove the "/" character in such contexts. NB: If you expect <FOO /> to be interpreted as an XML-compatible "self-closing" tag, then you need to use XHTML or HTML5.

In conclusion it says you have to remove the slash. Simply write this:

<input id="u" type="text" class="searchbox1" name="search" placeholder="Search for Brand, Store or an Item...">

Writelines writes lines without newline, Just fills the file

writelines() does not add line separators. You can alter the list of strings by using map() to add a new \n (line break) at the end of each string.

items = ['abc', '123', '!@#']
items = map(lambda x: x + '\n', items)
w.writelines(items)

std::wstring VS std::string

Applications that are not satisfied with only 256 different characters have the options of either using wide characters (more than 8 bits) or a variable-length encoding (a multibyte encoding in C++ terminology) such as UTF-8. Wide characters generally require more space than a variable-length encoding, but are faster to process. Multi-language applications that process large amounts of text usually use wide characters when processing the text, but convert it to UTF-8 when storing it to disk.

The only difference between a string and a wstring is the data type of the characters they store. A string stores chars whose size is guaranteed to be at least 8 bits, so you can use strings for processing e.g. ASCII, ISO-8859-15, or UTF-8 text. The standard says nothing about the character set or encoding.

Practically every compiler uses a character set whose first 128 characters correspond with ASCII. This is also the case with compilers that use UTF-8 encoding. The important thing to be aware of when using strings in UTF-8 or some other variable-length encoding, is that the indices and lengths are measured in bytes, not characters.

The data type of a wstring is wchar_t, whose size is not defined in the standard, except that it has to be at least as large as a char, usually 16 bits or 32 bits. wstring can be used for processing text in the implementation defined wide-character encoding. Because the encoding is not defined in the standard, it is not straightforward to convert between strings and wstrings. One cannot assume wstrings to have a fixed-length encoding either.

If you don't need multi-language support, you might be fine with using only regular strings. On the other hand, if you're writing a graphical application, it is often the case that the API supports only wide characters. Then you probably want to use the same wide characters when processing the text. Keep in mind that UTF-16 is a variable-length encoding, meaning that you cannot assume length() to return the number of characters. If the API uses a fixed-length encoding, such as UCS-2, processing becomes easy. Converting between wide characters and UTF-8 is difficult to do in a portable way, but then again, your user interface API probably supports the conversion.

CASE (Contains) rather than equal statement

CASE WHEN ', ' + dbo.Table.Column +',' LIKE '%, lactulose,%' 
  THEN 'BP Medication' ELSE '' END AS [BP Medication]

The leading ', ' and trailing ',' are added so that you can handle the match regardless of where it is in the string (first entry, last entry, or anywhere in between).

That said, why are you storing data you want to search on as a comma-separated string? This violates all kinds of forms and best practices. You should consider normalizing your schema.

In addition: don't use 'single quotes' as identifier delimiters; this syntax is deprecated. Use [square brackets] (preferred) or "double quotes" if you must. See "string literals as column aliases" here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb510662%28SQL.100%29.aspx

EDIT If you have multiple values, you can do this (you can't short-hand this with the other CASE syntax variant or by using something like IN()):

CASE 
  WHEN ', ' + dbo.Table.Column +',' LIKE '%, lactulose,%' 
  WHEN ', ' + dbo.Table.Column +',' LIKE '%, amlodipine,%' 
  THEN 'BP Medication' ELSE '' END AS [BP Medication]

If you have more values, it might be worthwhile to use a split function, e.g.

USE tempdb;
GO

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.SplitStrings(@List NVARCHAR(MAX))
RETURNS TABLE
AS
   RETURN ( SELECT DISTINCT Item FROM
       ( SELECT Item = x.i.value('(./text())[1]', 'nvarchar(max)')
         FROM ( SELECT [XML] = CONVERT(XML, '<i>'
         + REPLACE(@List,',', '</i><i>') + '</i>').query('.')
           ) AS a CROSS APPLY [XML].nodes('i') AS x(i) ) AS y
       WHERE Item IS NOT NULL
   );
GO

CREATE TABLE dbo.[Table](ID INT, [Column] VARCHAR(255));
GO

INSERT dbo.[Table] VALUES
(1,'lactulose, Lasix (furosemide), oxazepam, propranolol, rabeprazole, sertraline,'),
(2,'lactulite, Lasix (furosemide), lactulose, propranolol, rabeprazole, sertraline,'),
(3,'lactulite, Lasix (furosemide), oxazepam, propranolol, rabeprazole, sertraline,'),
(4,'lactulite, Lasix (furosemide), lactulose, amlodipine, rabeprazole, sertraline,');

SELECT t.ID
  FROM dbo.[Table] AS t
  INNER JOIN dbo.SplitStrings('lactulose,amlodipine') AS s
  ON ', ' + t.[Column] + ',' LIKE '%, ' + s.Item + ',%'
  GROUP BY t.ID;
GO

Results:

ID
----
1
2
4

How to use group by with union in t-sql

with UnionTable as  
(
    SELECT a.id, a.time FROM dbo.a
    UNION
    SELECT b.id, b.time FROM dbo.b
) SELECT id FROM UnionTable GROUP BY id

How to use readline() method in Java?

Use BufferedReader and InputStreamReader classes.

BufferedReader buffer=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
String line=buffer.readLine();

Or use java.util.Scanner class methods.

Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);

Can you style html form buttons with css?

Yes you can target those specificaly using input[type=submit] e.g.

.myFormClass input[type=submit] {
  margin: 10px;
  color: white;
  background-color: blue;
}

How can I use xargs to copy files that have spaces and quotes in their names?

find . -print0 | grep --null 'FooBar' | xargs -0 ...

I don't know about whether grep supports --null, nor whether xargs supports -0, on Leopard, but on GNU it's all good.

How do I concatenate or merge arrays in Swift?

Swift 4.X

easiest way I know is to just use the + sign

var Array1 = ["Item 1", "Item 2"]
var Array2 = ["Thing 1", "Thing 2"]

var Array3 = Array1 + Array2

// Array 3 will just be them combined :)

How can I decode HTML characters in C#?

Use Server.HtmlDecode to decode the HTML entities. If you want to escape the HTML, i.e. display the < and > character to the user, use Server.HtmlEncode.

MySQL error 1241: Operand should contain 1 column(s)

Syntax error, remove the ( ) from select.

insert into table2 (name, subject, student_id, result)
select name, subject, student_id, result
from table1;

Simple JavaScript problem: onClick confirm not preventing default action

I've had issue with IE7 and returning false before.

Check my answer here to another problem: Javascript not running on IE

if var == False

var = False
if not var: print 'learnt stuff'

Equivalent to 'app.config' for a library (DLL)

You can have separate configuration file, but you'll have to read it "manually", the ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["key"] will read only the config of the running assembly.

Assuming you're using Visual Studio as your IDE, you can right click the desired project ? Add ? New item ? Application Configuration File

This will add App.config to the project folder, put your settings in there under <appSettings> section. In case you're not using Visual Studio and adding the file manually, make sure to give it such name: DllName.dll.config, otherwise the below code won't work properly.

Now to read from this file have such function:

string GetAppSetting(Configuration config, string key)
{
    KeyValueConfigurationElement element = config.AppSettings.Settings[key];
    if (element != null)
    {
        string value = element.Value;
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
            return value;
    }
    return string.Empty;
}

And to use it:

Configuration config = null;
string exeConfigPath = this.GetType().Assembly.Location;
try
{
    config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(exeConfigPath);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    //handle errror here.. means DLL has no sattelite configuration file.
}

if (config != null)
{
    string myValue = GetAppSetting(config, "myKey");
    ...
}

You'll also have to add reference to System.Configuration namespace in order to have the ConfigurationManager class available.

When building the project, in addition to the DLL you'll have DllName.dll.config file as well, that's the file you have to publish with the DLL itself.

The above is basic sample code, for those interested in a full scale example, please refer to this other answer.

How exactly does the android:onClick XML attribute differ from setOnClickListener?

Suppose, You want to add click event like this main.xml

<Button
    android:id="@+id/btn_register"
    android:layout_margin="1dp"
    android:layout_marginLeft="3dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
    android:layout_weight="2"
    android:onClick="register"
    android:text="Register"
    android:textColor="#000000"/>

In java file, you have to write a method like this method.

public void register(View view) {
}

How do I create a user account for basic authentication?

in iis manager click directory to protect.

choose authorization rules.

add deny anonymous users rule.

add allow all users rule.

go back to: "in iis manager click directory to protect" click authentication disable all except basic authentication.

the directory is now protected. only people with user accounts can access the folder over the web.

jQuery get mouse position within an element

To get the position of click relative to current clicked element
Use this code

$("#specialElement").click(function(e){
    var x = e.pageX - this.offsetLeft;
    var y = e.pageY - this.offsetTop;
}); 

"Debug certificate expired" error in Eclipse Android plugins

To fix this problem, simply delete the debug.keystore file.

The default storage location for AVDs is

In ~/.android/ on OS X and Linux.

In C:\Documents and Settings\.android\ on Windows XP

In C:\Users\.android\ on Windows Vista and Windows 7.

Also see this link, which can be helpful.

http://developer.android.com/tools/publishing/app-signing.html