An executable file needs to have permissions for execute set before you can execute it.
In your machine where you are building the docker image (not inside the docker image itself) try running:
ls -la path/to/directory
The first column of the output for your executable (in this case docker-entrypoint.sh) should have the executable bits set something like:
-rwxrwxr-x
If not then try:
chmod +x docker-entrypoint.sh
and then build your docker image again.
Docker uses it's own file system but it copies everything over (including permissions bits) from the source directories.