How to make CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW work in SQL Server?
IF NOT EXISTS(select * FROM sys.views where name = 'data_VVVV ')
BEGIN
CREATE VIEW data_VVVV AS
SELECT VCV.xxxx, VCV.yyyy AS yyyy, VCV.zzzz AS zzzz FROM TABLE_A VCV
END
ELSE
BEGIN
ALTER VIEW data_VVVV AS
SELECT VCV.xxxx, VCV.yyyy AS yyyy, VCV.zzzz AS zzzz FROM TABLE_A VCV
END
What causes signal 'SIGILL'?
It means the CPU attempted to execute an instruction it didn't understand. This could be caused by corruption I guess, or maybe it's been compiled for the wrong architecture (in which case I would have thought the O/S would refuse to run the executable). Not entirely sure what the root issue is.
Get the value in an input text box
You can only select a value with the following two ways:
// First way to get a value
value = $("#txt_name").val();
// Second way to get a value
value = $("#txt_name").attr('value');
If you want to use straight JavaScript to get the value, here is how:
document.getElementById('txt_name').value
Definition of "downstream" and "upstream"
Upstream Called Harmful
There is, alas, another use of "upstream" that the other answers here are not getting at, namely to refer to the parent-child relationship of commits within a repo. Scott Chacon in the Pro Git book is particularly prone to this, and the results are unfortunate. Do not imitate this way of speaking.
For example, he says of a merge resulting a fast-forward that this happens because
the commit pointed to by the branch you merged in was directly
upstream of the commit you’re on
He wants to say that commit B is the only child of the only child of ... of the only child of commit A, so to merge B into A it is sufficient to move the ref A to point to commit B. Why this direction should be called "upstream" rather than "downstream", or why the geometry of such a pure straight-line graph should be described "directly upstream", is completely unclear and probably arbitrary. (The man page for git-merge
does a far better job of explaining this relationship when it says that "the current branch head is an ancestor of the named commit." That is the sort of thing Chacon should have said.)
Indeed, Chacon himself appears to use "downstream" later to mean exactly the same thing, when he speaks of rewriting all child commits of a deleted commit:
You must rewrite all the commits downstream from 6df76 to fully remove
this file from your Git history
Basically he seems not to have any clear idea what he means by "upstream" and "downstream" when referring to the history of commits over time. This use is informal, then, and not to be encouraged, as it is just confusing.
It is perfectly clear that every commit (except one) has at least one parent, and that parents of parents are thus ancestors; and in the other direction, commits have children and descendants. That's accepted terminology, and describes the directionality of the graph unambiguously, so that's the way to talk when you want to describe how commits relate to one another within the graph geometry of a repo. Do not use "upstream" or "downstream" loosely in this situation.
[Additional note: I've been thinking about the relationship between the first Chacon sentence I cite above and the git-merge
man page, and it occurs to me that the former may be based on a misunderstanding of the latter. The man page does go on to describe a situation where the use of "upstream" is legitimate: fast-forwarding often happens when "you are tracking an upstream repository, you have committed no local changes, and now you want to update to a newer upstream revision." So perhaps Chacon used "upstream" because he saw it here in the man page. But in the man page there is a remote repository; there is no remote repository in Chacon's cited example of fast-forwarding, just a couple of locally created branches.]
How do I search a Perl array for a matching string?
For just a boolean match result or for a count of occurrences, you could use:
use 5.014; use strict; use warnings;
my @foo=('hello', 'world', 'foo', 'bar', 'hello world', 'HeLlo');
my $patterns=join(',',@foo);
for my $str (qw(quux world hello hEllO)) {
my $count=map {m/^$str$/i} @foo;
if ($count) {
print "I found '$str' $count time(s) in '$patterns'\n";
} else {
print "I could not find '$str' in the pattern list\n"
};
}
Output:
I could not find 'quux' in the pattern list
I found 'world' 1 time(s) in 'hello,world,foo,bar,hello world,HeLlo'
I found 'hello' 2 time(s) in 'hello,world,foo,bar,hello world,HeLlo'
I found 'hEllO' 2 time(s) in 'hello,world,foo,bar,hello world,HeLlo'
Does not require to use a module.
Of course it's less "expandable" and versatile as some code above.
I use this for interactive user answers to match against a predefined set of case unsensitive answers.
How to split a number into individual digits in c#?
I'd use modulus and a loop.
int[] GetIntArray(int num)
{
List<int> listOfInts = new List<int>();
while(num > 0)
{
listOfInts.Add(num % 10);
num = num / 10;
}
listOfInts.Reverse();
return listOfInts.ToArray();
}
How to delete a column from a table in MySQL
If you are running MySQL 5.6 onwards, you can make this operation online, allowing other sessions to read and write to your table while the operation is been performed:
ALTER TABLE tbl_Country DROP COLUMN IsDeleted, ALGORITHM=INPLACE, LOCK=NONE;
disable textbox using jquery?
I would've done it slightly different
<input type="radio" value="1" name="userradiobtn" id="userradiobtn" />
<input type="radio" value="2" name="userradiobtn" id="userradiobtn" />
<input type="radio" value="3" name="userradiobtn" id="userradiobtn" class="disablebox"/>
<input type="checkbox" value="4" name="chkbox" id="chkbox" class="showbox"/>
<input type="text" name="usertxtbox" id="usertxtbox" class="showbox" />
Notice class attribute
$(document).ready(function() {
$('.disablebox').click(function() {
$('.showbox').attr("disabled", true);
});
});
This way should you need to add more radio buttons you don't need to worry about changing the javascript
GridView - Show headers on empty data source
<asp:GridView ID="gvEmployee" runat="server"
AutoGenerateColumns="False" ShowHeaderWhenEmpty=”True”>
<Columns>
<asp:BoundField DataField="Id" HeaderText="Id" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="Name" HeaderText="Name" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="Designation" HeaderText="Designation" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="Salary" HeaderText="Salary" />
</Columns>
<EmptyDataTemplate>No Record Available</EmptyDataTemplate>
</asp:GridView>
in CS Page
gvEmployee.DataSource = dt;
gvEmployee.DataBind();
Help.. see that link:
http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/UploadFile/d0e913/how-to-display-the-empty-gridview-in-case-of-no-records-in-d/
How do I copy a string to the clipboard?
Widgets also have method named .clipboard_get()
that returns the contents of the clipboard (unless some kind of error happens based on the type of data in the clipboard).
The clipboard_get()
method is mentioned in this bug report:
http://bugs.python.org/issue14777
Strangely, this method was not mentioned in the common (but unofficial) online TkInter documentation sources that I usually refer to.
You don't have permission to access / on this server
Check file permissions of the /var/www/html and the ALLOW directive in your apache conf
Make sure all files are readable by the webserver and the allow directive is like
<Directory "/var/www/html">
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
if you can see files then consider sorting the directive to be more restrictive
Second line in li starts under the bullet after CSS-reset
The li
tag has a property called list-style-position
. This makes your bullets inside or outside the list. On default, it’s set to inside
. That makes your text wrap around it. If you set it to outside
, the text of your li
tags will be aligned.
The downside of that is that your bullets won't be aligned with the text outside the ul
. If you want to align it with the other text you can use a margin.
ul li {
/*
* We want the bullets outside of the list,
* so the text is aligned. Now the actual bullet
* is outside of the list’s container
*/
list-style-position: outside;
/*
* Because the bullet is outside of the list’s
* container, indent the list entirely
*/
margin-left: 1em;
}
Edit 15th of March, 2014
Seeing people are still coming in from Google, I felt like the original answer could use some improvement
- Changed the code block to provide just the solution
- Changed the indentation unit to
em
’s
- Each property is applied to the
ul
element
- Good comments :)
equals vs Arrays.equals in Java
array1.equals(array2)
is the same as array1 == array2
, i.e. is it the same array. As @alf points out it's not what most people expect.
Arrays.equals(array1, array2)
compares the contents of the arrays.
Similarly array.toString()
may not be very useful and you need to use Arrays.toString(array)
.
How to implement DrawerArrowToggle from Android appcompat v7 21 library
I want to correct little bit the above code
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Toolbar mToolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
this, mDrawerLayout, mToolbar,
R.string.navigation_drawer_open, R.string.navigation_drawer_close
);
mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);
getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
getSupportActionBar().setHomeButtonEnabled(true);
}
and all the other things will remain same...
For those who are having problem Drawerlayout
overlaying toolbar
add android:layout_marginTop="?attr/actionBarSize"
to root layout of drawer content
Convert python datetime to epoch with strftime
if you just need a timestamp in unix /epoch time, this one line works:
created_timestamp = int((datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.datetime(1970,1,1)).total_seconds())
>>> created_timestamp
1522942073L
and depends only on datetime
works in python2 and python3
Git with SSH on Windows
I was trying to solve my issue with some of the answers above and for some reason it didn't work. I did switch to use the git extensions and this are the steps I did follow.
- I went to
Tools -> Settings -> SSH -> Other ssh client
- Set this value to
C:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin\ssh.exe
- Apply
I guess that this steps are just the same explained above. The only difference is that I used the Git Extensions User Interface instead of the terminal. Hope this help.
Load CSV file with Spark
This is in-line with what JP Mercier initially suggested about using Pandas, but with a major modification: If you read data into Pandas in chunks, it should be more malleable. Meaning, that you can parse a much larger file than Pandas can actually handle as a single piece and pass it to Spark in smaller sizes. (This also answers the comment about why one would want to use Spark if they can load everything into Pandas anyways.)
from pyspark import SparkContext
from pyspark.sql import SQLContext
import pandas as pd
sc = SparkContext('local','example') # if using locally
sql_sc = SQLContext(sc)
Spark_Full = sc.emptyRDD()
chunk_100k = pd.read_csv("Your_Data_File.csv", chunksize=100000)
# if you have headers in your csv file:
headers = list(pd.read_csv("Your_Data_File.csv", nrows=0).columns)
for chunky in chunk_100k:
Spark_Full += sc.parallelize(chunky.values.tolist())
YourSparkDataFrame = Spark_Full.toDF(headers)
# if you do not have headers, leave empty instead:
# YourSparkDataFrame = Spark_Full.toDF()
YourSparkDataFrame.show()
Creating a triangle with for loops
Well, there will be two sequences size-n
for spaces and (2*(n+1)) -1
for stars. Here you go.
public static void main(String[] args) {
String template = "***************************";
int size = (template.length()/2);
for(int n=0;n<size;n++){
System.out.print(template.substring(0,size-n).replace('*',' '));
System.out.println(template.substring(0,((2*(n+1)) -1)));
}
}
Benefits of EBS vs. instance-store (and vice-versa)
The bottom line is you should almost always use EBS backed instances.
Here's why
- EBS backed instances can be set so that they cannot be (accidentally) terminated through the API.
- EBS backed instances can be stopped when you're not using them and resumed when you need them again (like pausing a Virtual PC), at least with my usage patterns saving much more money than I spend on a few dozen GB of EBS storage.
- EBS backed instances don't lose their instance storage when they crash (not a requirement for all users, but makes recovery much faster)
- You can dynamically resize EBS instance storage.
- You can transfer the EBS instance storage to a brand new instance (useful if the hardware at Amazon you were running on gets flaky or dies, which does happen from time to time)
- It is faster to launch an EBS backed instance because the image does not have to be fetched from S3.
- If the hardware your EBS-backed instance is scheduled for maintenance, stopping and starting the instance automatically migrates to new hardware. I was also able to move an EBS-backed instance on failed hardware by force-stopping the instance and launching it again (your mileage may vary on failed hardware).
I'm a heavy user of Amazon and switched all of my instances to EBS backed storage as soon as the technology came out of beta. I've been very happy with the result.
EBS can still fail - not a silver bullet
Keep in mind that any piece of cloud-based infrastructure can fail at any time. Plan your infrastructure accordingly. While EBS-backed instances provide certain level of durability compared to ephemeral storage instances, they can and do fail. Have an AMI from which you can launch new instances as needed in any availability zone, back up your important data (e.g. databases), and if your budget allows it, run multiple instances of servers for load balancing and redundancy (ideally in multiple availability zones).
When Not To
At some points in time, it may be cheaper to achieve faster IO on Instance Store instances. There was a time when it was certainly true. Now there are many options for EBS storage, catering to many needs. The options and their pricing evolve constantly as technology changes. If you have a significant amount of instances that are truly disposable (they don't affect your business much if they just go away), do the math on cost vs. performance. EBS-backed instances can also die at any point in time, but my practical experience is that EBS is more durable.
"Not allowed to load local resource: file:///C:....jpg" Java EE Tomcat
You have Two alternatives :
First one is to create a ServletImageLoader that would take as a parameter an identifier of your image (the path of the image or a hash) that you will use inside the Servlet to handle your image, and it will print to the response stream the loaded image from the server.
Second one is to create a folder inside your application's ROOT folder and just save the relative path to your images.
Parsing arguments to a Java command line program
Ok, thanks to Charles Goodwin for the concept. Here is the answer:
import java.util.*;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<String>();
List<String> optsList = new ArrayList<String>();
List<String> doubleOptsList = new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i=0; i < args.length; i++) {
switch (args[i].charAt(0)) {
case '-':
if (args[i].charAt(1) == '-') {
int len = 0;
String argstring = args[i].toString();
len = argstring.length();
System.out.println("Found double dash with command " +
argstring.substring(2, len) );
doubleOptsList.add(argstring.substring(2, len));
} else {
System.out.println("Found dash with command " +
args[i].charAt(1) + " and value " + args[i+1] );
i= i+1;
optsList.add(args[i]);
}
break;
default:
System.out.println("Add a default arg." );
argsList.add(args[i]);
break;
}
}
}
}
How to use font-family lato?
Please put this code in head section
<link href='http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
and use font-family: 'Lato', sans-serif;
in your css. For example:
h1 {
font-family: 'Lato', sans-serif;
font-weight: 400;
}
Or you can use manually also
Generate .ttf
font from fontSquiral
and can try this option
@font-face {
font-family: "Lato";
src: url('698242188-Lato-Bla.eot');
src: url('698242188-Lato-Bla.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
url('698242188-Lato-Bla.svg#Lato Black') format('svg'),
url('698242188-Lato-Bla.woff') format('woff'),
url('698242188-Lato-Bla.ttf') format('truetype');
font-weight: normal;
font-style: normal;
}
Called like this
body {
font-family: 'Lato', sans-serif;
}
CSS3 background image transition
With Chris's inspiring post here:
https://css-tricks.com/different-transitions-for-hover-on-hover-off/
I managed to come up with this:
#banner
{
display:block;
width:100%;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
background-position:center bottom;
background-image:url(../images/image1.jpg);
/* HOVER OFF */
@include transition(background-image 0.5s ease-in-out);
&:hover
{
background-image:url(../images/image2.jpg);
/* HOVER ON */
@include transition(background-image 0.5s ease-in-out);
}
}
:: (double colon) operator in Java 8
It seems its little late but here are my two cents. A lambda expression is used to create anonymous methods. It does nothing but call an existing method, but it is clearer to refer to the method directly by its name. And method reference enables us to do that using method-reference operator ::
.
Consider the following simple class where each employee has a name and grade.
public class Employee {
private String name;
private String grade;
public Employee(String name, String grade) {
this.name = name;
this.grade = grade;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(String grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
}
Suppose we have a list of employees returned by some method and we want to sort the employees by their grade. We know we can make use of anonymous class as:
List<Employee> employeeList = getDummyEmployees();
// Using anonymous class
employeeList.sort(new Comparator<Employee>() {
@Override
public int compare(Employee e1, Employee e2) {
return e1.getGrade().compareTo(e2.getGrade());
}
});
where getDummyEmployee() is some method as:
private static List<Employee> getDummyEmployees() {
return Arrays.asList(new Employee("Carrie", "C"),
new Employee("Fanishwar", "F"),
new Employee("Brian", "B"),
new Employee("Donald", "D"),
new Employee("Adam", "A"),
new Employee("Evan", "E")
);
}
Now we know that Comparator is a Functional Interface. A Functional Interface is the one with exactly one abstract method (though it may contain one or more default or static methods). Lambda expression provides implementation of @FunctionalInterface
so a functional interface can have only one abstract method. We can use lambda expression as:
employeeList.sort((e1,e2) -> e1.getGrade().compareTo(e2.getGrade())); // lambda exp
It seems all good but what if the class Employee
also provides similar method:
public class Employee {
private String name;
private String grade;
// getter and setter
public static int compareByGrade(Employee e1, Employee e2) {
return e1.grade.compareTo(e2.grade);
}
}
In this case using the method name itself will be more clear. Hence we can directly refer to method by using method reference as:
employeeList.sort(Employee::compareByGrade); // method reference
As per docs there are four kinds of method references:
+----+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| | Kind | Example |
+----+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| 1 | Reference to a static method | ContainingClass::staticMethodName |
+----+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| 2 |Reference to an instance method of a particular object | containingObject::instanceMethodName |
+----+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| 3 | Reference to an instance method of an arbitrary object| ContainingType::methodName |
| | of a particular type | |
+----+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| 4 |Reference to a constructor | ClassName::new |
+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
Hive: Filtering Data between Specified Dates when Date is a String
Hive has a lot of good date parsing UDFs: https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual+UDF#LanguageManualUDF-DateFunctions
Just doing the string comparison as Nigel Tufnel suggests is probably the easiest solution, although technically it's unsafe. But you probably don't need to worry about that unless your tables have historical data about the medieval ages (dates with only 3 year digits) or dates from scifi novels (dates with more than 4 year digits).
Anyway, if you ever find yourself in a situation where you would want to do fancier date comparisons, or if your date format is not in a "biggest to smallest" order, e.g. the American convention of "mm/dd/yyyy", then you could use unix_timestamp
with two arguments:
select *
from your_table
where unix_timestamp(your_date_column, 'yyyy-MM-dd') >= unix_timestamp('2010-09-01', 'yyyy-MM-dd')
and unix_timestamp(your_date_column, 'yyyy-MM-dd') <= unix_timestamp('2013-08-31', 'yyyy-MM-dd')
How to make a flex item not fill the height of the flex container?
When you create a flex container various default flex rules come into play.
Two of these default rules are flex-direction: row
and align-items: stretch
. This means that flex items will automatically align in a single row, and each item will fill the height of the container.
If you don't want flex items to stretch – i.e., like you wrote:
make its height the minimum required for holding its content
... then simply override the default with align-items: flex-start
.
_x000D_
_x000D_
#a {_x000D_
display: flex;_x000D_
align-items: flex-start; /* NEW */_x000D_
}_x000D_
#a > div {_x000D_
background-color: red;_x000D_
padding: 5px;_x000D_
margin: 2px;_x000D_
}_x000D_
#b {_x000D_
height: auto;_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<div id="a">_x000D_
<div id="b">left</div>_x000D_
<div>_x000D_
right<br>right<br>right<br>right<br>right<br>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
Here's an illustration from the flexbox spec that highlights the five values for align-items
and how they position flex items within the container. As mentioned before, stretch
is the default value.
Source: W3C
Selecting with complex criteria from pandas.DataFrame
Another solution is to use the query method:
import pandas as pd
from random import randint
df = pd.DataFrame({'A': [randint(1, 9) for x in xrange(10)],
'B': [randint(1, 9) * 10 for x in xrange(10)],
'C': [randint(1, 9) * 100 for x in xrange(10)]})
print df
A B C
0 7 20 300
1 7 80 700
2 4 90 100
3 4 30 900
4 7 80 200
5 7 60 800
6 3 80 900
7 9 40 100
8 6 40 100
9 3 10 600
print df.query('B > 50 and C != 900')
A B C
1 7 80 700
2 4 90 100
4 7 80 200
5 7 60 800
Now if you want to change the returned values in column A you can save their index:
my_query_index = df.query('B > 50 & C != 900').index
....and use .iloc
to change them i.e:
df.iloc[my_query_index, 0] = 5000
print df
A B C
0 7 20 300
1 5000 80 700
2 5000 90 100
3 4 30 900
4 5000 80 200
5 5000 60 800
6 3 80 900
7 9 40 100
8 6 40 100
9 3 10 600
How to get list of dates between two dates in mysql select query
Try:
select * from
(select adddate('1970-01-01',t4.i*10000 + t3.i*1000 + t2.i*100 + t1.i*10 + t0.i) selected_date from
(select 0 i union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) t0,
(select 0 i union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) t1,
(select 0 i union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) t2,
(select 0 i union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) t3,
(select 0 i union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) t4) v
where selected_date between '2012-02-10' and '2012-02-15'
-for date ranges up to nearly 300 years in the future.
[Corrected following a suggested edit by UrvishAtSynapse.]
Java: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
@Gabe Martin-Dempesy's answer is helped to me. And I wrote a small script related to it. The usage is very simple.
Install a certificate from host:
> sudo ./java-cert-importer.sh example.com
Remove the certificate that installed already.
> sudo ./java-cert-importer.sh example.com --delete
java-cert-importer.sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Exit on error
set -e
# Ensure script is running as root
if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]
then echo "WARN: Please run as root (sudo)"
exit 1
fi
# Check required commands
command -v openssl >/dev/null 2>&1 || { echo "Required command 'openssl' not installed. Aborting." >&2; exit 1; }
command -v keytool >/dev/null 2>&1 || { echo "Required command 'keytool' not installed. Aborting." >&2; exit 1; }
# Get command line args
host=$1; port=${2:-443}; deleteCmd=${3:-${2}}
# Check host argument
if [ ! ${host} ]; then
cat << EOF
Please enter required parameter(s)
usage: ./java-cert-importer.sh <host> [ <port> | default=443 ] [ -d | --delete ]
EOF
exit 1
fi;
if [ "$JAVA_HOME" ]; then
javahome=${JAVA_HOME}
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu" ]]; then # Linux
javahome=$(readlink -f $(which java) | sed "s:bin/java::")
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then # Mac OS X
javahome="$(/usr/libexec/java_home)/jre"
fi
if [ ! "$javahome" ]; then
echo "WARN: Java home cannot be found."
exit 1
elif [ ! -d "$javahome" ]; then
echo "WARN: Detected Java home does not exists: $javahome"
exit 1
fi
echo "Detected Java Home: $javahome"
# Set cacerts file path
cacertspath=${javahome}/lib/security/cacerts
cacertsbackup="${cacertspath}.$$.backup"
if ( [ "$deleteCmd" == "-d" ] || [ "$deleteCmd" == "--delete" ] ); then
sudo keytool -delete -alias ${host} -keystore ${cacertspath} -storepass changeit
echo "Certificate is deleted for ${host}"
exit 0
fi
# Get host info from user
#read -p "Enter server host (E.g. example.com) : " host
#read -p "Enter server port (Default 443) : " port
# create temp file
tmpfile="/tmp/${host}.$$.crt"
# Create java cacerts backup file
cp ${cacertspath} ${cacertsbackup}
echo "Java CaCerts Backup: ${cacertsbackup}"
# Get certificate from speficied host
openssl x509 -in <(openssl s_client -connect ${host}:${port} -prexit 2>/dev/null) -out ${tmpfile}
# Import certificate into java cacerts file
sudo keytool -importcert -file ${tmpfile} -alias ${host} -keystore ${cacertspath} -storepass changeit
# Remove temp certificate file
rm ${tmpfile}
# Check certificate alias name (same with host) that imported successfully
result=$(keytool -list -v -keystore ${cacertspath} -storepass changeit | grep "Alias name: ${host}")
# Show results to user
if [ "$result" ]; then
echo "Success: Certificate is imported to java cacerts for ${host}";
else
echo "Error: Something went wrong";
fi;
How exactly does the python any() function work?
Simply saying, any() does this work : according to the condition even if it encounters one fulfilling value in the list, it returns true, else it returns false.
list = [2,-3,-4,5,6]
a = any(x>0 for x in lst)
print a:
True
list = [2,3,4,5,6,7]
a = any(x<0 for x in lst)
print a:
False
How to unpack pkl file?
The pickle (and gzip if the file is compressed) module need to be used
NOTE: These are already in the standard Python library.
No need to install anything new
What's the difference between “mod” and “remainder”?
Does '%' mean either "mod" or "rem" in C?
In C, %
is the remainder1.
..., the result of the /
operator is the algebraic quotient with any fractional part discarded ... (This is often called "truncation toward zero".) C11dr §6.5.5 6
The operands of the %
operator shall have integer type. C11dr §6.5.5 2
The result of the /
operator is the quotient from the division of the first operand by the second; the result of the %
operator is the remainder ... C11dr §6.5.5 5
What's the difference between “mod” and “remainder”?
C does not define "mod", such as the integer modulus function used in Euclidean division or other modulo. "Euclidean mod" differs from C's a%b
operation when a
is negative.
// a % b
7 % 3 --> 1
7 % -3 --> 1
-7 % 3 --> -1
-7 % -3 --> -1
Modulo as Euclidean division
7 modulo 3 --> 1
7 modulo -3 --> 1
-7 modulo 3 --> 2
-7 modulo -3 --> 2
Candidate modulo code:
int modulo_Euclidean(int a, int b) {
int m = a % b;
if (m < 0) {
// m += (b < 0) ? -b : b; // avoid this form: it is UB when b == INT_MIN
m = (b < 0) ? m - b : m + b;
}
return m;
}
Note about floating point: double fmod(double x, double y)
, even though called "fmod", it is not the same as Euclidean division "mod", but similar to C integer remainder:
The fmod
functions compute the floating-point remainder of x/y
. C11dr §7.12.10.1 2
fmod( 7, 3) --> 1.0
fmod( 7, -3) --> 1.0
fmod(-7, 3) --> -1.0
fmod(-7, -3) --> -1.0
Disambiguation: C also has a similar named function double modf(double value, double *iptr)
which breaks the argument value into integral and fractional parts, each of which has the same type and sign as the argument. This has little to do with the "mod" discussion here except name similarity.
[Edit Dec 2020]
For those who want proper functionality in all cases, an improved modulo_Euclidean()
that 1) detects mod(x,0)
and 2) a good and no UB result with modulo_Euclidean2(INT_MIN, -1)
. Inspired by 4 different implementations of modulo with fully defined behavior.
int modulo_Euclidean2(int a, int b) {
if (b == 0) TBD_Code(); // perhaps return -1 to indicate failure?
if (b == -1) return 0; // This test needed to prevent UB of `INT_MIN % -1`.
int m = a % b;
if (m < 0) {
// m += (b < 0) ? -b : b; // avoid this form: it is UB when b == INT_MIN
m = (b < 0) ? m - b : m + b;
}
return m;
}
1 Prior to C99, C's definition of %
was still the remainder from division, yet then /
allowed negative quotients to round down rather than "truncation toward zero". See Why do you get different values for integer division in C89?. Thus with some pre-C99 compilation, %
code can act just like the Euclidean division "mod". The above modulo_Euclidean()
will work with this alternate old-school remainder too.
How do you see recent SVN log entries?
I like to use -v
for verbose mode.
It'll give you the commit id, comments and all affected files.
svn log -v --limit 4
Example of output:
I added some migrations and deleted a test xml file
------------------------------------------------------------------------
r58687 | mr_x | 2012-04-02 15:31:31 +0200 (Mon, 02 Apr 2012) | 1 line Changed
paths:
A /trunk/java/App/src/database/support
A /trunk/java/App/src/database/support/MIGRATE
A /trunk/java/App/src/database/support/MIGRATE/remove_device.sql
D /trunk/java/App/src/code/test.xml
How to find GCD, LCM on a set of numbers
Basically to find gcd and lcm on a set of numbers you can use below formula,
LCM(a, b) X HCF(a, b) = a * b
Meanwhile in java you can use euclid's algorithm to find gcd and lcm, like this
public static int GCF(int a, int b)
{
if (b == 0)
{
return a;
}
else
{
return (GCF(b, a % b));
}
}
You can refer this resource to find examples on euclid's algorithm.
Bash Shell Script - Check for a flag and grab its value
Use $#
to grab the number of arguments, if it is unequal to 2 there are not enough arguments provided:
if [ $# -ne 2 ]; then
usage;
fi
Next, check if $1
equals -t
, otherwise an unknown flag was used:
if [ "$1" != "-t" ]; then
usage;
fi
Finally store $2
in FLAG
:
FLAG=$2
Note: usage()
is some function showing the syntax. For example:
function usage {
cat << EOF
Usage: script.sh -t <application>
Performs some activity
EOF
exit 1
}
Auto start node.js server on boot
This isn't something to configure in node.js at all, this is purely OS responsibility (Windows in your case). The most reliable way to achieve this is through a Windows Service.
There's this super easy module that installs a node script as a windows service, it's called node-windows (npm, github, documentation). I've used before and worked like a charm.
var Service = require('node-windows').Service;
// Create a new service object
var svc = new Service({
name:'Hello World',
description: 'The nodejs.org example web server.',
script: 'C:\\path\\to\\helloworld.js'
});
// Listen for the "install" event, which indicates the
// process is available as a service.
svc.on('install',function(){
svc.start();
});
svc.install();
p.s.
I found the thing so useful that I built an even easier to use wrapper around it (npm, github).
Installing it:
npm install -g qckwinsvc
Installing your service:
> qckwinsvc
prompt: Service name: [name for your service]
prompt: Service description: [description for it]
prompt: Node script path: [path of your node script]
Service installed
Uninstalling your service:
> qckwinsvc --uninstall
prompt: Service name: [name of your service]
prompt: Node script path: [path of your node script]
Service stopped
Service uninstalled
Http post and get request in angular 6
Update :
In angular 7, they are the same as 6
In angular 6
the complete answer found in live example
/** POST: add a new hero to the database */
addHero (hero: Hero): Observable<Hero> {
return this.http.post<Hero>(this.heroesUrl, hero, httpOptions)
.pipe(
catchError(this.handleError('addHero', hero))
);
}
/** GET heroes from the server */
getHeroes (): Observable<Hero[]> {
return this.http.get<Hero[]>(this.heroesUrl)
.pipe(
catchError(this.handleError('getHeroes', []))
);
}
it's because of pipeable/lettable operators
which now angular is able to use tree-shakable
and remove unused imports and optimize the app
some rxjs functions are changed
do -> tap
catch -> catchError
switch -> switchAll
finally -> finalize
more in MIGRATION
and Import paths
For JavaScript developers, the general rule is as follows:
rxjs: Creation methods, types, schedulers and utilities
import { Observable, Subject, asapScheduler, pipe, of, from, interval, merge, fromEvent } from 'rxjs';
rxjs/operators: All pipeable operators:
import { map, filter, scan } from 'rxjs/operators';
rxjs/webSocket: The web socket subject implementation
import { webSocket } from 'rxjs/webSocket';
rxjs/ajax: The Rx ajax implementation
import { ajax } from 'rxjs/ajax';
rxjs/testing: The testing utilities
import { TestScheduler } from 'rxjs/testing';
and for backward compatability you can use rxjs-compat
UITableView, Separator color where to set?
Try + (instancetype)appearance of UITableView:
Objective-C:
[[UITableView appearance] setSeparatorColor:[UIColor blackColor]]; // set your desired colour in place of "[UIColor blackColor]"
Swift 3.0:
UITableView.appearance().separatorColor = UIColor.black // set your desired colour in place of "UIColor.black"
Note: Change will reflect to all tables used in application.
Send FormData with other field in AngularJS
Assume that we want to get a list of certain images from a PHP server using the POST method.
You have to provide two parameters in the form for the POST method. Here is how you are going to do.
app.controller('gallery-item', function ($scope, $http) {
var url = 'service.php';
var data = new FormData();
data.append("function", 'getImageList');
data.append('dir', 'all');
$http.post(url, data, {
transformRequest: angular.identity,
headers: {'Content-Type': undefined}
}).then(function (response) {
// This function handles success
console.log('angular:', response);
}, function (response) {
// this function handles error
});
});
I have tested it on my system and it works.
Laravel PDOException SQLSTATE[HY000] [1049] Unknown database 'forge'
Note: Once it happened that I accidentally had a space before my database name such as mydatabase
instead of mydatabase
, phpmyadmin won't show the space, but if you run it from the command line interface of mysql, such as mysql -u the_user -p
then show databases
, you'll be able to see the space.
Get combobox value in Java swing
Method Object JComboBox.getSelectedItem()
returns a value that is wrapped by Object
type so you have to cast it accordingly.
Syntax:
YourType varName = (YourType)comboBox.getSelectedItem();`
String value = comboBox.getSelectedItem().toString();
Null & empty string comparison in Bash
fedorqui has a working solution but there is another way to do the same thing.
Chock if a variable is set
#!/bin/bash
amIEmpty='Hello'
# This will be true if the variable has a value
if [ $amIEmpty ]; then
echo 'No, I am not!';
fi
Or to verify that a variable is empty
#!/bin/bash
amIEmpty=''
# This will be true if the variable is empty
if [ ! $amIEmpty ]; then
echo 'Yes I am!';
fi
tldp.org has good documentation about if in bash:
http://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/sect_07_01.html
No @XmlRootElement generated by JAXB
To soluction it you should configure a xml binding before to compile with wsimport, setting generateElementProperty as false.
<jaxws:bindings wsdlLocation="LOCATION_OF_WSDL"
xmlns:jaxws="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jaxws"
xmlns:xjc="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jaxb/xjc"
xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:jxb="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jaxb"
xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">
<jaxws:enableWrapperStyle>false</jaxws:enableWrapperStyle>
<jaxws:bindings node="wsdl:definitions/wsdl:types/xs:schema[@targetNamespace='NAMESPACE_OF_WSDL']">
<jxb:globalBindings xmlns:jxb="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jaxb" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xjc:generateElementProperty>false</xjc:generateElementProperty>
</jxb:globalBindings>
</jaxws:bindings>
</jaxws:bindings>
Smart way to truncate long strings
Somewhere Smart :D
_x000D_
_x000D_
//My Huge Huge String_x000D_
let tooHugeToHandle = `It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using 'Content here, content here', making it look like readable English. Many desktop publishing packages and web page editors now use Lorem Ipsum as their default model text, and a search for 'lorem ipsum' will uncover many web sites still in their infancy. Various versions have evolved over the years, sometimes by accident, sometimes on purpose (injected humour and the like).`_x000D_
_x000D_
//Trim Max Length_x000D_
const maxValue = 50_x000D_
// The barber._x000D_
const TrimMyString = (string, maxLength, start = 0) => {_x000D_
//Note - `start` is if I want to start after some point of the string_x000D_
if (string.length > maxLength) {_x000D_
let trimmedString = string.substr(start, maxLength)_x000D_
return (_x000D_
trimmedString.substr(_x000D_
start,_x000D_
Math.min(trimmedString.length, trimmedString.lastIndexOf(' '))_x000D_
) + ' ...'_x000D_
)_x000D_
}_x000D_
return string_x000D_
}_x000D_
_x000D_
console.log(TrimMyString(tooHugeToHandle, maxValue))
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
In python, how do I cast a class object to a dict
I think this will work for you.
class A(object):
def __init__(self, a, b, c, sum, version='old'):
self.a = a
self.b = b
self.c = c
self.sum = 6
self.version = version
def __int__(self):
return self.sum + 9000
def __iter__(self):
return self.__dict__.iteritems()
a = A(1,2,3,4,5)
print dict(a)
Output
{'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'sum': 6, 'version': 5}
Replace string in text file using PHP
Does this work:
$msgid = $_GET['msgid'];
$oldMessage = '';
$deletedFormat = '';
//read the entire string
$str=file_get_contents('msghistory.txt');
//replace something in the file string - this is a VERY simple example
$str=str_replace($oldMessage, $deletedFormat,$str);
//write the entire string
file_put_contents('msghistory.txt', $str);
Error TF30063: You are not authorized to access ... \DefaultCollection
I finally found the right answer for me on the web.
For me it happened after I changed my password and Windows cached the TFS password. It is require to be updated manually. This is one way to do it:
Solution found at: developercommunity.visualstudio.com
CREDIT: Lavente Nagy! Thanks so much!
Fix Summary:
I found a solution, and it works on Windows 7/Windows 10 too. The steps are the same:
Close Visual Studio. Go to Control Panel (with small icon view) ? User
Accounts ? Manage your credentials (on the left column) ? Select
"Windows Credentials" ? Scroll down to the "Generic Credentials"
section and look for your TFS server connection. Expand the pull down
and click "Edit". Enter in new network password. Reopen Visual Studio and
everything should work again.
How to get a cookie from an AJAX response?
Similar to yebmouxing I could not the
xhr.getResponseHeader('Set-Cookie');
method to work. It would only return null even if I had set HTTPOnly to false on my server.
I too wrote a simple js helper function to grab the cookies from the document. This function is very basic and only works if you know the additional info (lifespan, domain, path, etc. etc.) to add yourself:
function getCookie(cookieName){
var cookieArray = document.cookie.split(';');
for(var i=0; i<cookieArray.length; i++){
var cookie = cookieArray[i];
while (cookie.charAt(0)==' '){
cookie = cookie.substring(1);
}
cookieHalves = cookie.split('=');
if(cookieHalves[0]== cookieName){
return cookieHalves[1];
}
}
return "";
}
C# Connecting Through Proxy
If you are using WebClient
, it has a Proxy property you can use.
As other have mentioned, there are several ways to automate proxy setting detection/usage
Web.Config:
<system.net>
<defaultProxy enabled="true" useDefaultCredentials="true">
<proxy usesystemdefault="true" bypassonlocal="true" />
</defaultProxy>
</system.net>
Use of the WebProxy class as described in this article.
You can also cofigure the proxy settings directly (config or code) and your app will then use those.
Web.Config:
<system.net>
<defaultProxy>
<proxy
proxyaddress="http://[proxy address]:[proxy port]"
bypassonlocal="false"
/>
</defaultProxy>
</system.net>
Code:
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("url");
WebProxy myproxy = new WebProxy("[proxy address]:[proxy port]", false);
request.Proxy = myproxy;
request.Method = "GET";
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse) request.GetResponse();
How to set image in imageview in android?
1> You can add image from layout itself:
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/iv_your_image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="25dp"
android:background="@mipmap/your_image"
android:padding="2dp" />
OR
2> Programmatically in java class:
ImageView ivYouImage= (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.iv_your_image);
ivYouImage.setImageResource(R.mipmap.ic_changeImage);
OR for fragments:
View rowView= inflater.inflate(R.layout.your_layout, null, true);
ImageView ivYouImage= (ImageView) rowView.findViewById(R.id.iv_your_image);
ivYouImage.setImageResource(R.mipmap.ic_changeImage);
remove attribute display:none; so the item will be visible
If you are planning to hide show some span based on click event which is initially hidden with style="display:none" then .toggle() is best option to go with.
$("span").toggle();
Reasons : Each time you don't need to check whether the style is already there or not. .toggle() will take care of that automatically and hide/show span based on current state.
_x000D_
_x000D_
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>_x000D_
<input type="button" value="Toggle" onclick="$('#hiddenSpan').toggle();"/>_x000D_
<br/>_x000D_
<br/>_x000D_
<span id="hiddenSpan" style="display:none">Just toggle me</span>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
td widths, not working?
Width and/or height in tables are not standard anymore; as Ianzz says, they are deprecated. Instead the best way to do this is to have a block element inside your table cell that will hold the cell open to your desired size:
<table>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<div class="left_menu">
<div class="menu_item">
<a href="#">Home</a>
</div>
</div>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="content">Content</td>
</tr>
</table>
CSS
.content {
width: 1000px;
}
.left_menu {
background: none repeat scroll 0 0 #333333;
border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px;
font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
font-size: 12px;
font-weight: bold;
padding: 5px;
width: 200px;
}
.menu_item {
background: none repeat scroll 0 0 #CCCCCC;
border-bottom: 1px solid #999999;
border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px;
border-top: 1px solid #FFFFCC;
cursor: pointer;
padding: 5px;
}
curl: (6) Could not resolve host: application
Example for Slack.... (use your own web address you generate there)...
curl -X POST -H "Content-type:application/json" --data "{\"text\":\"A New Program Has Just Been Posted!!!\"}" https://hooks.slack.com/services/T7M0PFD42/BAA6NK48Y/123123123123123
Mapping composite keys using EF code first
For Mapping Composite primary key using Entity framework we can use two approaches.
1) By Overriding the OnModelCreating() Method
For ex: I have the model class named VehicleFeature as shown below.
public class VehicleFeature
{
public int VehicleId { get; set; }
public int FeatureId{get;set;}
public Vehicle Vehicle{get;set;}
public Feature Feature{get;set;}
}
The Code in my DBContext would be like ,
public class VegaDbContext : DbContext
{
public DbSet<Make> Makes{get;set;}
public DbSet<Feature> Features{get;set;}
public VegaDbContext(DbContextOptions<VegaDbContext> options):base(options)
{
}
// we override the OnModelCreating method here.
protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
modelBuilder.Entity<VehicleFeature>().HasKey(vf=> new {vf.VehicleId, vf.FeatureId});
}
}
2) By Data Annotations.
public class VehicleFeature
{
[DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]
[Key]
public int VehicleId { get; set; }
[DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]
[Key]
public int FeatureId{get;set;}
public Vehicle Vehicle{get;set;}
public Feature Feature{get;set;}
}
Please refer the below links for the more information.
1) https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj591617(v=vs.113).aspx
2) How to add a composite unique key using EF 6 Fluent Api?
Add key value pair to all objects in array
The map() function is a best choice for this case
tl;dr - Do this:
const newArr = [
{name: 'eve'},
{name: 'john'},
{name: 'jane'}
].map(v => ({...v, isActive: true}))
The map() function won't modify the initial array, but creates a new one.
This is also a good practice to keep initial array unmodified.
Alternatives:
const initialArr = [
{name: 'eve'},
{name: 'john'},
{name: 'jane'}
]
const newArr1 = initialArr.map(v => ({...v, isActive: true}))
const newArr2 = initialArr.map(v => Object.assign(v, {isActive: true}))
// Results of newArr1 and newArr2 are the same
Add a key value pair conditionally
const arr = [{value: 1}, {value: 1}, {value: 2}]
const newArr1 = arr.map(v => ({...v, isActive: v.value > 1}))
What if I don't want to add new field at all if the condition is false?
const arr = [{value: 1}, {value: 1}, {value: 2}]
const newArr = arr.map(v => {
return v.value > 1 ? {...v, isActive: true} : v
})
Adding WITH modification of the initial array
const initialArr = [{a: 1}, {b: 2}]
initialArr.forEach(v => {v.isActive = true;});
This is probably not a best idea, but in a real life sometimes it's the only way.
Questions
- Should I use a spread operator(
...
), or Object.assign
and what's the difference?
Personally I prefer to use spread operator, because I think it uses much wider in modern web community (especially react's developers love it). But you can check the difference yourself: link(a bit opinionated and old, but still)
- Can I use
function
keyword instead of =>
?
Sure you can. The fat arrow (=>
) functions play a bit different with this
, but it's not so important for this particular case. But fat arrows function shorter and sometimes plays better as a callbacks. Therefore the usage of fat arrow functions is more modern approach.
- What Actually happens inside map function:
.map(v => ({...v, isActive: true})
?
Map function iterates by array's elements and apply callback function for each of them. That callback function should return something that will become an element of a new array.
We tell to the .map()
function following: take current value(v
which is an object), take all key-value pairs away from v
andput it inside a new object({...v}
), but also add property isActive
and set it to true ({...v, isActive: true}
) and then return the result. Btw, if original object contains isActive
filed it will be overwritten. Object.assign
works in a similar way.
- Can I add more then one field at a time
Yes.
[{value: 1}, {value: 1}, {value: 2}].map(v => ({...v, isActive: true, howAreYou: 'good'}))
- What I should not do inside
.map()
method
You shouldn't do any side effects[link 1, link 2], but apparently you can.
Also be noticed that map()
iterates over each element of the array and apply function for each of them. So if you do some heavy stuff inside, you might be slow. This (a bit hacky) solution might be more productive in some cases (but I don't think you should apply it more then once in a lifetime).
- Can I extract map's callback to a separate function?
Sure you can.
const arr = [{value: 1}, {value: 1}, {value: 2}]
const newArr = arr.map(addIsActive)
function addIsActive(v) {
return {...v, isActive: true}
}
- What's wrong with old good for loop?
Nothing is wrong with for
, you can still use it, it's just an old-school approach which is more verbose, less safe and mutate the initial array. But you can try:
const arr = [{a: 1}, {b: 2}]
for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
arr[i].isActive = true
}
It would be smart to learn well following methods map(), filter(), reduce(), forEach(), and find(). These methods can solve 80% of what you usually want to do with arrays.
sql query to get earliest date
Try
select * from dataset
where id = 2
order by date limit 1
Been a while since I did sql, so this might need some tweaking.
What does "to stub" mean in programming?
A stub is a controllable replacement for an Existing Dependency (or collaborator)
in the system. By using a stub, you can test your code without
dealing with the dependency directly.
External Dependency - Existing Dependency:
It is an object in your system that your code
under test interacts with and over which you have no control. (Common
examples are filesystems, threads, memory, time, and so on.)
Forexample in below code:
public void Analyze(string filename)
{
if(filename.Length<8)
{
try
{
errorService.LogError("long file entered named:" + filename);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
mailService.SendEMail("[email protected]", "ErrorOnWebService", "someerror");
}
}
}
You want to test mailService.SendEMail() method, but to do that you need to simulate an Exception in your test method, so you just need to create a Fake Stub errorService object to simulate the result you want, then your test code will be able to test mailService.SendEMail() method. As you see you need to simulate a result which is from an another Dependency which is ErrorService class object (Existing Dependency object).
Using variables in Nginx location rules
A modified python version of @danack's PHP generate script. It generates all files & folders that live inside of build/
to the parent directory, replacing all {{placeholder}}
matches. You need to cd
into build/
before running the script.
File structure
build/
-- (files/folders you want to generate)
-- build.py
sites-available/...
sites-enabled/...
nginx.conf
...
build.py
import os, re
# Configurations
target = os.path.join('.', '..')
variables = {
'placeholder': 'your replacement here'
}
# Loop files
def loop(cb, subdir=''):
dir = os.path.join('.', subdir);
for name in os.listdir(dir):
file = os.path.join(dir, name)
newsubdir = os.path.join(subdir, name)
if name == 'build.py': continue
if os.path.isdir(file): loop(cb, newsubdir)
else: cb(subdir, name)
# Update file
def replacer(subdir, name):
dir = os.path.join(target, subdir)
file = os.path.join(dir, name)
oldfile = os.path.join('.', subdir, name)
with open(oldfile, "r") as fin:
data = fin.read()
for key, replacement in variables.iteritems():
data = re.sub(r"{{\s*" + key + "\s*}}", replacement, data)
if not os.path.exists(dir):
os.makedirs(dir)
with open(file, "w") as fout:
fout.write(data)
# Start variable replacements.
loop(replacer)
Disable sorting for a particular column in jQuery DataTables
The code will look like this:
$(".data-cash").each(function (index) {
$(this).dataTable({
"sDom": "<'row-fluid'<'span6'l><'span6'f>r>t<'row-fluid'<'span6'i><'span6'p>>",
"sPaginationType": "bootstrap",
"oLanguage": {
"sLengthMenu": "_MENU_ records per page",
"oPaginate": {
"sPrevious": "Prev",
"sNext": "Next"
}
},
"bSort": false,
"aaSorting": []
});
});
Session 'app' error while installing APK
I was facing same problem.Tried every think mentioned here in blog.
But it was basic error to permit device "allow installing app from USB" which did it for me.
String Resource new line /n not possible?
If you put "\n" in a string in the xml file, it's taken as "\\n"
So , I did :
text = text.Replace("\\\n", "\n"); ( text is taken from resX file)
And then I get a line jump on the screen
changing visibility using javascript
If you just want to display it when you get a response add this to your loadpage()
function loadpage(page_request, containerid){
if (page_request.readyState == 4 && page_request.status==200) {
var container = document.getElementById(containerid);
container.innerHTML=page_request.responseText;
container.style.visibility = 'visible';
// or
container.style.display = 'block';
}
but this depend entirely on how you hid the div in the first place
How to replace all dots in a string using JavaScript
/**
* ReplaceAll by Fagner Brack (MIT Licensed)
* Replaces all occurrences of a substring in a string
*/
String.prototype.replaceAll = function( token, newToken, ignoreCase ) {
var _token;
var str = this + "";
var i = -1;
if ( typeof token === "string" ) {
if ( ignoreCase ) {
_token = token.toLowerCase();
while( (
i = str.toLowerCase().indexOf(
_token, i >= 0 ? i + newToken.length : 0
) ) !== -1
) {
str = str.substring( 0, i ) +
newToken +
str.substring( i + token.length );
}
} else {
return this.split( token ).join( newToken );
}
}
return str;
};
alert('okay.this.is.a.string'.replaceAll('.', ' '));
Faster than using regex...
EDIT:
Maybe at the time I did this code I did not used jsperf. But in the end such discussion is totally pointless, the performance difference is not worth the legibility of the code in the real world, so my answer is still valid, even if the performance differs from the regex approach.
EDIT2:
I have created a lib that allows you to do this using a fluent interface:
replace('.').from('okay.this.is.a.string').with(' ');
See https://github.com/FagnerMartinsBrack/str-replace.
How do I run Java .class files?
To run Java class file from the command line, the syntax is:
java -classpath /path/to/jars <packageName>.<MainClassName>
where packageName (usually starts with either com
or org
) is the folder name where your class file is present.
For example if your main class name is App and Java package name of your app is com.foo.app
, then your class file needs to be in com/foo/app
folder (separate folder for each dot), so you run your app as:
$ java com.foo.app.App
Note: $
is indicating shell prompt, ignore it when typing
If your class doesn't have any package
name defined, simply run as: java App
.
If you've any other jar dependencies, make sure you specified your classpath parameter either with -cp
/-classpath
or using CLASSPATH
variable which points to the folder with your jar/war/ear/zip/class files. So on Linux you can prefix the command with: CLASSPATH=/path/to/jars
, on Windows you need to add the folder into system variable. If not set, the user class path consists of the current directory (.
).
Practical example
Given we've created sample project using Maven as:
$ mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.foo.app -DartifactId=my-app -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false
and we've compiled our project by mvn compile
in our my-app/
dir, it'll generate our class file is in target/classes/com/foo/app/App.class
.
To run it, we can either specify class path via -cp
or going to it directly, check examples below:
$ find . -name "*.class"
./target/classes/com/foo/app/App.class
$ CLASSPATH=target/classes/ java com.foo.app.App
Hello World!
$ java -cp target/classes com.foo.app.App
Hello World!
$ java -classpath .:/path/to/other-jars:target/classes com.foo.app.App
Hello World!
$ cd target/classes && java com.foo.app.App
Hello World!
To double check your class and package name, you can use Java class file disassembler tool, e.g.:
$ javap target/classes/com/foo/app/App.class
Compiled from "App.java"
public class com.foo.app.App {
public com.foo.app.App();
public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
}
Note: javap
won't work if the compiled file has been obfuscated.
Making a UITableView scroll when text field is selected
My approach:
I first subclass UITextField and add an indexPath property. In the cellFor... Method i hand over the indexPath property.
Then I add following code:
UITableViewCell *cell = [self.tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:textField.indexPath];
CGPoint cellPoint = [cell convertPoint:textField.center toView:self.tableView];
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.3 animations:^(void){self.tableView.contentOffset = CGPointMake(0, cellPoint.y-50);}];
to the textFieldShould/WillBegin...etc.
When the Keyboard disappears you have to reverse it with:
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.3 animations:^(void){self.tableView.contentOffset = CGPointMake(0, 0);}];
How to have css3 animation to loop forever
Whilst Elad's solution will work, you can also do it inline:
-moz-animation: fadeinphoto 7s 20s infinite;
-webkit-animation: fadeinphoto 7s 20s infinite;
-o-animation: fadeinphoto 7s 20s infinite;
animation: fadeinphoto 7s 20s infinite;
Creating a SearchView that looks like the material design guidelines
The following will create a SearchView identical to the one in Gmail and add it to the given Toolbar. You'll just have to implement your own "ViewUtil.convertDpToPixel" method.
private SearchView createMaterialSearchView(Toolbar toolbar, String hintText) {
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
ActionBar actionBar = getSupportActionBar();
actionBar.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
actionBar.setDisplayShowCustomEnabled(true);
actionBar.setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(false);
SearchView searchView = new SearchView(this);
searchView.setIconifiedByDefault(false);
searchView.setMaxWidth(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
searchView.setMinimumHeight(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
searchView.setQueryHint(hintText);
int rightMarginFrame = 0;
View frame = searchView.findViewById(getResources().getIdentifier("android:id/search_edit_frame", null, null));
if (frame != null) {
LinearLayout.LayoutParams frameParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
rightMarginFrame = ((LinearLayout.LayoutParams) frame.getLayoutParams()).rightMargin;
frameParams.setMargins(0, 0, 0, 0);
frame.setLayoutParams(frameParams);
}
View plate = searchView.findViewById(getResources().getIdentifier("android:id/search_plate", null, null));
if (plate != null) {
plate.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
plate.setPadding(0, 0, rightMarginFrame, 0);
plate.setBackgroundColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
}
int autoCompleteId = getResources().getIdentifier("android:id/search_src_text", null, null);
if (searchView.findViewById(autoCompleteId) != null) {
EditText autoComplete = (EditText) searchView.findViewById(autoCompleteId);
LinearLayout.LayoutParams params = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(0, (int) ViewUtil.convertDpToPixel(36));
params.weight = 1;
params.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL;
params.leftMargin = rightMarginFrame;
autoComplete.setLayoutParams(params);
autoComplete.setTextSize(16f);
}
int searchMagId = getResources().getIdentifier("android:id/search_mag_icon", null, null);
if (searchView.findViewById(searchMagId) != null) {
ImageView v = (ImageView) searchView.findViewById(searchMagId);
v.setImageDrawable(null);
v.setPadding(0, 0, 0, 0);
LinearLayout.LayoutParams params = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
params.setMargins(0, 0, 0, 0);
v.setLayoutParams(params);
}
toolbar.setTitle(null);
toolbar.setContentInsetsAbsolute(0, 0);
toolbar.addView(searchView);
return searchView;
}
addEventListener for keydown on Canvas
encapsulate all of your js code within a window.onload function. I had a similar issue. Everything is loaded asynchronously in javascript so some parts load quicker than others, including your browser. Putting all of your code inside the onload function will ensure everything your code will need from the browser will be ready to use before attempting to execute.
How to dynamically allocate memory space for a string and get that string from user?
Below is the code for creating dynamic string :
void main()
{
char *str, c;
int i = 0, j = 1;
str = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char));
printf("Enter String : ");
while (c != '\n') {
// read the input from keyboard standard input
c = getc(stdin);
// re-allocate (resize) memory for character read to be stored
str = (char*)realloc(str, j * sizeof(char));
// store read character by making pointer point to c
str[i] = c;
i++;
j++;
}
str[i] = '\0'; // at the end append null character to mark end of string
printf("\nThe entered string is : %s", str);
free(str); // important step the pointer declared must be made free
}
Python 3 TypeError: must be str, not bytes with sys.stdout.write()
While the accepted answer will work fine if the bytes you have from your subprocess are encoded using sys.stdout.encoding
(or a compatible encoding, like reading from a tool that outputs ASCII and your stdout uses UTF-8), the correct way to write arbitrary bytes to stdout is:
sys.stdout.buffer.write(some_bytes_object)
This will just output the bytes as-is, without trying to treat them as text-in-some-encoding.
vertical & horizontal lines in matplotlib
The pyplot functions you are calling, axhline()
and axvline()
draw lines that span a portion of the axis range, regardless of coordinates. The parameters xmin
or ymin
use value 0.0 as the minimum of the axis and 1.0 as the maximum of the axis.
Instead, use plt.plot((x1, x2), (y1, y2), 'k-')
to draw a line from the point (x1, y1) to the point (x2, y2) in color k. See pyplot.plot
.
For..In loops in JavaScript - key value pairs
There are three options to deal with keys and values of an object:
- Select values:
Object.values(obj).forEach(value => ...);
- Select keys:
Object.keys(obj).forEach(key => ...);
- Select keys and values:
Object.entries(obj).forEach(([key, value])=> ...);
Pandas : compute mean or std (standard deviation) over entire dataframe
You could convert the dataframe to be a single column with stack
(this changes the shape from 5x3 to 15x1) and then take the standard deviation:
df.stack().std() # pandas default degrees of freedom is one
Alternatively, you can use values
to convert from a pandas dataframe to a numpy array before taking the standard deviation:
df.values.std(ddof=1) # numpy default degrees of freedom is zero
Unlike pandas, numpy will give the standard deviation of the entire array by default, so there is no need to reshape before taking the standard deviation.
A couple of additional notes:
The numpy approach here is a bit faster than the pandas one, which is generally true when you have the option to accomplish the same thing with either numpy or pandas. The speed difference will depend on the size of your data, but numpy was roughly 10x faster when I tested a few different sized dataframes on my laptop (numpy version 1.15.4 and pandas version 0.23.4).
The numpy and pandas approaches here will not give exactly the same answers, but will be extremely close (identical at several digits of precision). The discrepancy is due to slight differences in implementation behind the scenes that affect how the floating point values get rounded.
Unsetting array values in a foreach loop
Try that:
foreach ($images[1] as $key => &$image) {
if (yourConditionGoesHere) {
unset($images[1][$key])
}
}
unset($image); // detach reference after loop
Normally, foreach
operates on a copy of your array so any changes you make, are made to that copy and don't affect the actual array.
So you need to unset the values via $images[$key]
;
The reference on &$image
prevents the loop from creating a copy of the array which would waste memory.
Docker error response from daemon: "Conflict ... already in use by container"
For people landing here from google like me and just want to build containers using multiple docker-compose files with one shared service:
Sometimes you have different projects that would share e.g. a database docker container. Only the first run should start the DB-Docker, the second should be detect that the DB is already running and skip this. To achieve such a behaviour we need the Dockers to lay in the same network and in the same project. Also the docker container name needs to be the same.
1st: Set the same network and container name in docker-compose
docker-compose in project 1:
version: '3'
services:
service1:
depends_on:
- postgres
# ...
networks:
- dockernet
postgres:
container_name: project_postgres
image: postgres:10-alpine
restart: always
# ...
networks:
- dockernet
networks:
dockernet:
docker-compose in project 2:
version: '3'
services:
service2:
depends_on:
- postgres
# ...
networks:
- dockernet
postgres:
container_name: project_postgres
image: postgres:10-alpine
restart: always
# ...
networks:
- dockernet
networks:
dockernet:
2nd: Set the same project using -p
param or put both files in the same directory.
docker-compose -p {projectname} up
How to implement a property in an interface
In the interface, you specify the property:
public interface IResourcePolicy
{
string Version { get; set; }
}
In the implementing class, you need to implement it:
public class ResourcePolicy : IResourcePolicy
{
public string Version { get; set; }
}
This looks similar, but it is something completely different. In the interface, there is no code. You just specify that there is a property with a getter and a setter, whatever they will do.
In the class, you actually implement them. The shortest way to do this is using this { get; set; }
syntax. The compiler will create a field and generate the getter and setter implementation for it.
Read a Csv file with powershell and capture corresponding data
So I figured out what is wrong with this statement:
Import-Csv H:\Programs\scripts\SomeText.csv |`
(Original)
Import-Csv H:\Programs\scripts\SomeText.csv -Delimiter "|"
(Proposed, You must use quotations; otherwise, it will not work and ISE will give you an error)
It requires the -Delimiter "|"
, in order for the variable to be populated with an array of items. Otherwise, Powershell ISE does not display the list of items.
I cannot say that I would recommend the |
operator, since it is used to pipe cmdlets into one another.
I still cannot get the if statement to return true and output the values entered via the prompt.
If anyone else can help, it would be great. I still appreciate the post, it has been very helpful!
word-wrap break-word does not work in this example
Mozilla Firefox solution
Add:
display: inline-block;
to the style of your td
.
Webkit based browsers (Google Chrome, Safari, ...) solution
Add:
display: inline-block;
word-break: break-word;
to the style of your td
.
Note:
Mind that, as for now, break-word
is not part of the standard specification for webkit; therefore, you might be interested in employing the break-all
instead. This alternative value provides a undoubtedly drastic solution; however, it conforms to the standard.
Opera solution
Add:
display: inline-block;
word-break: break-word;
to the style of your td
.
The previous paragraph applies to Opera in a similar way.
Calculate compass bearing / heading to location in Android
@Damian - The idea is very good and I agree with answer, but when I used your code I had wrong values, so I wrote this on my own (somebody told the same in your comments). Counting heading with the declination is good, I think, but later I used something like that:
heading = (bearing - heading) * -1;
instead of Damian's code:
heading = myBearing - (myBearing + heading);
and changing -180 to 180 for 0 to 360:
private float normalizeDegree(float value){
if(value >= 0.0f && value <= 180.0f){
return value;
}else{
return 180 + (180 + value);
}
and then when you want to rotate your arrow you can use code like this:
private void rotateArrow(float angle){
Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
arrowView.setScaleType(ScaleType.MATRIX);
matrix.postRotate(angle, 100f, 100f);
arrowView.setImageMatrix(matrix);
}
where arrowView
is ImageView
with arrow picture and 100f parameters in postRotate
is pivX and pivY).
I hope I will help somebody.
Histogram Matplotlib
If you don't want bars you can plot it like this:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
mu, sigma = 100, 15
x = mu + sigma * np.random.randn(10000)
bins, edges = np.histogram(x, 50, normed=1)
left,right = edges[:-1],edges[1:]
X = np.array([left,right]).T.flatten()
Y = np.array([bins,bins]).T.flatten()
plt.plot(X,Y)
plt.show()
Loop through all elements in XML using NodeList
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
Document dom = db.parse("file.xml");
Element docEle = dom.getDocumentElement();
NodeList nl = docEle.getChildNodes();
int length = nl.getLength();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (nl.item(i).getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
Element el = (Element) nl.item(i);
if (el.getNodeName().contains("staff")) {
String name = el.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getTextContent();
String phone = el.getElementsByTagName("phone").item(0).getTextContent();
String email = el.getElementsByTagName("email").item(0).getTextContent();
String area = el.getElementsByTagName("area").item(0).getTextContent();
String city = el.getElementsByTagName("city").item(0).getTextContent();
}
}
}
Iterate over all children and nl.item(i).getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE
is used to filter text nodes out. If there is nothing else in XML what remains are staff nodes.
For each node under stuff (name, phone, email, area, city)
el.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getTextContent();
el.getElementsByTagName("name")
will extract the "name" nodes under stuff,
.item(0)
will get you the first node
and .getTextContent()
will get the text content inside.
Edit:
Since we have jackson I would do this in a different way. Define a pojo for the object:
public class Staff {
private String name;
private String phone;
private String email;
private String area;
private String city;
...getters setters
}
Then using jackson:
JsonNode root = new XmlMapper().readTree(xml.getBytes());
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
root.forEach(node -> consume(node, mapper));
private void consume(JsonNode node, ObjectMapper mapper) {
try {
Staff staff = mapper.treeToValue(node, Staff.class);
//TODO your job with staff
} catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
Error in contrasts when defining a linear model in R
It appears that at least one of your predictors ,x1
, x2
, or x3
, has only one factor level and hence is a constant.
Have a look at
lapply(dataframe.df[c("x1", "x2", "x3")], unique)
to find the different values.
Python - Get path of root project structure
Just an example: I want to run runio.py from within helper1.py
Project tree example:
myproject_root
- modules_dir/helpers_dir/helper1.py
- tools_dir/runio.py
Get project root:
import os
rootdir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)).rsplit(os.sep, 2)[0]
Build path to script:
runme = os.path.join(rootdir, "tools_dir", "runio.py")
execfile(runme)
Fastest way to set all values of an array?
As another option and for posterity I was looking into this recently and found a solution that allows a much shorter loop by handing some of the work off to the System class, which (if the JVM you're using is smart enough) can be turned into a memset operation:-
/*
* initialize a smaller piece of the array and use the System.arraycopy
* call to fill in the rest of the array in an expanding binary fashion
*/
public static void bytefill(byte[] array, byte value) {
int len = array.length;
if (len > 0){
array[0] = value;
}
//Value of i will be [1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, ..., len]
for (int i = 1; i < len; i += i) {
System.arraycopy(array, 0, array, i, ((len - i) < i) ? (len - i) : i);
}
}
This solution was taken from the IBM research paper "Java server performance: A case study of building efficient, scalable Jvms" by R. Dimpsey, R. Arora, K. Kuiper.
Simplified explanation
As the comment suggests, this sets index 0 of the destination array to your value then uses the System class to copy one object i.e. the object at index 0 to index 1 then those two objects (index 0 and 1) into 2 and 3, then those four objects (0,1,2 and 3) into 4,5,6 and 7 and so on...
Efficiency (at the point of writing)
In a quick run through, grabbing the System.nanoTime()
before and after and calculating a duration I came up with:-
- This method : 332,617 - 390,262 ('highest - lowest' from 10 tests)
Float[] n = new Float[array.length]; //Fill with null
: 666,650
- Setting via loop : 3,743,488 - 9,767,744 ('highest - lowest' from 10 tests)
Arrays.fill
: 12,539,336
The JVM and JIT compilation
It should be noted that as the JVM and JIT evolves, this approach may well become obsolete as library and runtime optimisations could reach or even exceed these numbers simply using fill()
.
At the time of writing, this was the fastest option I had found. It has been mentioned this might not be the case now but I have not checked. This is the beauty and the curse of Java.
Is there a destructor for Java?
Use of finalize() methods should be avoided. They are not a reliable mechanism for resource clean up and it is possible to cause problems in the garbage collector by abusing them.
If you require a deallocation call in your object, say to release resources, use an explicit method call. This convention can be seen in existing APIs (e.g. Closeable, Graphics.dispose(), Widget.dispose()) and is usually called via try/finally.
Resource r = new Resource();
try {
//work
} finally {
r.dispose();
}
Attempts to use a disposed object should throw a runtime exception (see IllegalStateException).
EDIT:
I was thinking, if all I did was just
to dereference the data and wait for
the garbage collector to collect them,
wouldn't there be a memory leak if my
user repeatedly entered data and
pressed the reset button?
Generally, all you need to do is dereference the objects - at least, this is the way it is supposed to work. If you are worried about garbage collection, check out Java SE 6 HotSpot[tm] Virtual Machine Garbage Collection Tuning (or the equivalent document for your JVM version).
Update only specific fields in a models.Model
Usually, the correct way of updating certain fields in one or more model instances is to use the update()
method on the respective queryset. Then you do something like this:
affected_surveys = Survey.objects.filter(
# restrict your queryset by whatever fits you
# ...
).update(active=True)
This way, you don't need to call save()
on your model anymore because it gets saved automatically. Also, the update()
method returns the number of survey instances that were affected by your update.
How to check if a string in Python is in ASCII?
Like @RogerDahl's answer but it's more efficient to short-circuit by negating the character class and using search instead of find_all
or match
.
>>> import re
>>> re.search('[^\x00-\x7F]', 'Did you catch that \x00?') is not None
False
>>> re.search('[^\x00-\x7F]', 'Did you catch that \xFF?') is not None
True
I imagine a regular expression is well-optimized for this.
How can I assign an ID to a view programmatically?
You can just use the View.setId(integer)
for this. In the XML, even though you're setting a String id, this gets converted into an integer. Due to this, you can use any (positive) Integer for the Views
you add programmatically.
According to View
documentation
The identifier does not have to be unique in this view's hierarchy.
The identifier should be a positive number.
So you can use any positive integer you like, but in this case there
can be some views with equivalent id's. If you want to search for some
view in hierarchy calling to setTag with some key objects may be
handy.
Credits to this answer.
How do I get the last day of a month?
I don't know C# but, if it turns out there's not a convenient API way to get it, one of the ways you can do so is by following the logic:
today -> +1 month -> set day of month to 1 -> -1 day
Of course, that assumes you have date math of that type.
What is Dispatcher Servlet in Spring?
I know this question is marked as solved already but I want to add a newer image explaining this pattern in detail(source: spring in action 4):
Explanation
When the request leaves the browser (1), it carries information about what the user is asking for. At the least, the request will be carrying the requested URL. But it may also carry additional data, such as the information submitted in a form by the user.
The first stop in the request’s travels is at Spring’s DispatcherServlet. Like most Java- based web frameworks, Spring MVC funnels requests through a single front controller servlet. A front controller is a common web application pattern where a single servlet delegates responsibility for a request to other components of an application to per- form actual processing. In the case of Spring MVC, DispatcherServlet is the front controller.
The DispatcherServlet’s job is to send the request on to a Spring MVC controller. A controller is a Spring component that processes the request. But a typical application may have several controllers, and DispatcherServlet needs some help deciding which controller to send the request to. So the DispatcherServlet consults one or more handler mappings (2) to figure out where the request’s next stop will be. The handler mapping pays particular attention to the URL carried by the request when making its decision.
Once an appropriate controller has been chosen, DispatcherServlet sends the request on its merry way to the chosen controller (3). At the controller, the request drops off its payload (the information submitted by the user) and patiently waits while the controller processes that information. (Actually, a well-designed controller per- forms little or no processing itself and instead delegates responsibility for the business logic to one or more service objects.)
The logic performed by a controller often results in some information that needs to be carried back to the user and displayed in the browser. This information is referred to as the model. But sending raw information back to the user isn’t suffi- cient—it needs to be formatted in a user-friendly format, typically HTML. For that, the information needs to be given to a view, typically a JavaServer Page (JSP).
One of the last things a controller does is package up the model data and identify the name of a view that should render the output. It then sends the request, along with the model and view name, back to the DispatcherServlet (4).
So that the controller doesn’t get coupled to a particular view, the view name passed back to DispatcherServlet doesn’t directly identify a specific JSP. It doesn’t even necessarily suggest that the view is a JSP. Instead, it only carries a logical name that will be used to look up the actual view that will produce the result. The DispatcherServlet consults a view resolver (5) to map the logical view name to a spe- cific view implementation, which may or may not be a JSP.
Now that DispatcherServlet knows which view will render the result, the request’s job is almost over. Its final stop is at the view implementation (6), typically a JSP, where it delivers the model data. The request’s job is finally done. The view will use the model data to render output that will be carried back to the client by the (not- so-hardworking) response object (7).
How do you sort an array on multiple columns?
You could concat the 2 variables together into a sortkey and use that for your comparison.
list.sort(function(a,b){
var aCat = a.var1 + a.var2;
var bCat = b.var1 + b.var2;
return (aCat > bCat ? 1 : aCat < bCat ? -1 : 0);
});
onCreateOptionsMenu inside Fragments
Your already have the autogenerated file res/menu/menu.xml defining action_settings.
In your MainActivity.java have the following methods:
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu, menu);
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
switch (id) {
case R.id.action_settings:
// do stuff, like showing settings fragment
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); // important line
}
In the onCreateView()
method of your Fragment call:
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
and also add these 2 methods:
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
inflater.inflate(R.menu.fragment_menu, menu);
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
switch (id) {
case R.id.action_1:
// do stuff
return true;
case R.id.action_2:
// do more stuff
return true;
}
return false;
}
Finally, add the new file res/menu/fragment_menu.xml defining action_1 and action_2.
This way when your app displays the Fragment, its menu will contain 3 entries:
- action_1 from res/menu/fragment_menu.xml
- action_2 from res/menu/fragment_menu.xml
- action_settings from res/menu/menu.xml
What causes a Python segmentation fault?
Looks like you are out of stack memory. You may want to increase it as Davide stated. To do it in python code, you would need to run your "main()" using threading:
def main():
pass # write your code here
sys.setrecursionlimit(2097152) # adjust numbers
threading.stack_size(134217728) # for your needs
main_thread = threading.Thread(target=main)
main_thread.start()
main_thread.join()
Source: c1729's post on codeforces. Runing it with PyPy is a bit trickier.
PHP: HTML: send HTML select option attribute in POST
You can do this with JQuery
Simply:
<form name='add'>
Age: <select id="age" name='age'>
<option value='1' stud_name='sre'>23</option>
<option value='2' stud_name='sam'>24</option>
<option value='5' stud_name='john'>25</option>
</select>
<input type='hidden' id="name" name="name" value=""/>
<input type='submit' name='submit'/>
</form>
Add this code in Header section:
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.0.min.js"></script>
Now JQuery function
<script type="text/javascript" language="javascript">
$(function() {
$("#age").change(function(){
var studentNmae= $('option:selected', this).attr('stud_name');
$('#name').val(studentNmae);
});
});
</script>
you can use both values as
$name = $_POST['name'];
$value = $_POST['age'];
How to "perfectly" override a dict?
How can I make as "perfect" a subclass of dict as possible?
The end goal is to have a simple dict in which the keys are lowercase.
If I override __getitem__
/__setitem__
, then get/set don't work. How
do I make them work? Surely I don't need to implement them
individually?
Am I preventing pickling from working, and do I need to implement
__setstate__
etc?
Do I need repr, update and __init__
?
Should I just use mutablemapping
(it seems one shouldn't use UserDict
or DictMixin
)? If so, how? The docs aren't exactly enlightening.
The accepted answer would be my first approach, but since it has some issues,
and since no one has addressed the alternative, actually subclassing a dict
, I'm going to do that here.
What's wrong with the accepted answer?
This seems like a rather simple request to me:
How can I make as "perfect" a subclass of dict as possible?
The end goal is to have a simple dict in which the keys are lowercase.
The accepted answer doesn't actually subclass dict
, and a test for this fails:
>>> isinstance(MyTransformedDict([('Test', 'test')]), dict)
False
Ideally, any type-checking code would be testing for the interface we expect, or an abstract base class, but if our data objects are being passed into functions that are testing for dict
- and we can't "fix" those functions, this code will fail.
Other quibbles one might make:
- The accepted answer is also missing the classmethod:
fromkeys
.
The accepted answer also has a redundant __dict__
- therefore taking up more space in memory:
>>> s.foo = 'bar'
>>> s.__dict__
{'foo': 'bar', 'store': {'test': 'test'}}
Actually subclassing dict
We can reuse the dict methods through inheritance. All we need to do is create an interface layer that ensures keys are passed into the dict in lowercase form if they are strings.
If I override __getitem__
/__setitem__
, then get/set don't work. How do I make them work? Surely I don't need to implement them individually?
Well, implementing them each individually is the downside to this approach and the upside to using MutableMapping
(see the accepted answer), but it's really not that much more work.
First, let's factor out the difference between Python 2 and 3, create a singleton (_RaiseKeyError
) to make sure we know if we actually get an argument to dict.pop
, and create a function to ensure our string keys are lowercase:
from itertools import chain
try: # Python 2
str_base = basestring
items = 'iteritems'
except NameError: # Python 3
str_base = str, bytes, bytearray
items = 'items'
_RaiseKeyError = object() # singleton for no-default behavior
def ensure_lower(maybe_str):
"""dict keys can be any hashable object - only call lower if str"""
return maybe_str.lower() if isinstance(maybe_str, str_base) else maybe_str
Now we implement - I'm using super
with the full arguments so that this code works for Python 2 and 3:
class LowerDict(dict): # dicts take a mapping or iterable as their optional first argument
__slots__ = () # no __dict__ - that would be redundant
@staticmethod # because this doesn't make sense as a global function.
def _process_args(mapping=(), **kwargs):
if hasattr(mapping, items):
mapping = getattr(mapping, items)()
return ((ensure_lower(k), v) for k, v in chain(mapping, getattr(kwargs, items)()))
def __init__(self, mapping=(), **kwargs):
super(LowerDict, self).__init__(self._process_args(mapping, **kwargs))
def __getitem__(self, k):
return super(LowerDict, self).__getitem__(ensure_lower(k))
def __setitem__(self, k, v):
return super(LowerDict, self).__setitem__(ensure_lower(k), v)
def __delitem__(self, k):
return super(LowerDict, self).__delitem__(ensure_lower(k))
def get(self, k, default=None):
return super(LowerDict, self).get(ensure_lower(k), default)
def setdefault(self, k, default=None):
return super(LowerDict, self).setdefault(ensure_lower(k), default)
def pop(self, k, v=_RaiseKeyError):
if v is _RaiseKeyError:
return super(LowerDict, self).pop(ensure_lower(k))
return super(LowerDict, self).pop(ensure_lower(k), v)
def update(self, mapping=(), **kwargs):
super(LowerDict, self).update(self._process_args(mapping, **kwargs))
def __contains__(self, k):
return super(LowerDict, self).__contains__(ensure_lower(k))
def copy(self): # don't delegate w/ super - dict.copy() -> dict :(
return type(self)(self)
@classmethod
def fromkeys(cls, keys, v=None):
return super(LowerDict, cls).fromkeys((ensure_lower(k) for k in keys), v)
def __repr__(self):
return '{0}({1})'.format(type(self).__name__, super(LowerDict, self).__repr__())
We use an almost boiler-plate approach for any method or special method that references a key, but otherwise, by inheritance, we get methods: len
, clear
, items
, keys
, popitem
, and values
for free. While this required some careful thought to get right, it is trivial to see that this works.
(Note that haskey
was deprecated in Python 2, removed in Python 3.)
Here's some usage:
>>> ld = LowerDict(dict(foo='bar'))
>>> ld['FOO']
'bar'
>>> ld['foo']
'bar'
>>> ld.pop('FoO')
'bar'
>>> ld.setdefault('Foo')
>>> ld
{'foo': None}
>>> ld.get('Bar')
>>> ld.setdefault('Bar')
>>> ld
{'bar': None, 'foo': None}
>>> ld.popitem()
('bar', None)
Am I preventing pickling from working, and do I need to implement
__setstate__
etc?
pickling
And the dict subclass pickles just fine:
>>> import pickle
>>> pickle.dumps(ld)
b'\x80\x03c__main__\nLowerDict\nq\x00)\x81q\x01X\x03\x00\x00\x00fooq\x02Ns.'
>>> pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(ld))
{'foo': None}
>>> type(pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(ld)))
<class '__main__.LowerDict'>
__repr__
Do I need repr, update and __init__
?
We defined update
and __init__
, but you have a beautiful __repr__
by default:
>>> ld # without __repr__ defined for the class, we get this
{'foo': None}
However, it's good to write a __repr__
to improve the debugability of your code. The ideal test is eval(repr(obj)) == obj
. If it's easy to do for your code, I strongly recommend it:
>>> ld = LowerDict({})
>>> eval(repr(ld)) == ld
True
>>> ld = LowerDict(dict(a=1, b=2, c=3))
>>> eval(repr(ld)) == ld
True
You see, it's exactly what we need to recreate an equivalent object - this is something that might show up in our logs or in backtraces:
>>> ld
LowerDict({'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2})
Conclusion
Should I just use mutablemapping
(it seems one shouldn't use UserDict
or DictMixin
)? If so, how? The docs aren't exactly enlightening.
Yeah, these are a few more lines of code, but they're intended to be comprehensive. My first inclination would be to use the accepted answer,
and if there were issues with it, I'd then look at my answer - as it's a little more complicated, and there's no ABC to help me get my interface right.
Premature optimization is going for greater complexity in search of performance.
MutableMapping
is simpler - so it gets an immediate edge, all else being equal. Nevertheless, to lay out all the differences, let's compare and contrast.
I should add that there was a push to put a similar dictionary into the collections
module, but it was rejected. You should probably just do this instead:
my_dict[transform(key)]
It should be far more easily debugable.
Compare and contrast
There are 6 interface functions implemented with the MutableMapping
(which is missing fromkeys
) and 11 with the dict
subclass. I don't need to implement __iter__
or __len__
, but instead I have to implement get
, setdefault
, pop
, update
, copy
, __contains__
, and fromkeys
- but these are fairly trivial, since I can use inheritance for most of those implementations.
The MutableMapping
implements some things in Python that dict
implements in C - so I would expect a dict
subclass to be more performant in some cases.
We get a free __eq__
in both approaches - both of which assume equality only if another dict is all lowercase - but again, I think the dict
subclass will compare more quickly.
Summary:
- subclassing
MutableMapping
is simpler with fewer opportunities for bugs, but slower, takes more memory (see redundant dict), and fails isinstance(x, dict)
- subclassing
dict
is faster, uses less memory, and passes isinstance(x, dict)
, but it has greater complexity to implement.
Which is more perfect? That depends on your definition of perfect.
What are the ascii values of up down left right?
There is no real ascii codes for these keys as such, you will need to check out the scan codes for these keys, known as Make and Break key codes as per helppc's information. The reason the codes sounds 'ascii' is because the key codes are handled by the old BIOS interrupt 0x16 and keyboard interrupt 0x9.
Normal Mode Num lock on
Make Break Make Break
Down arrow E0 50 E0 D0 E0 2A E0 50 E0 D0 E0 AA
Left arrow E0 4B E0 CB E0 2A E0 4B E0 CB E0 AA
Right arrow E0 4D E0 CD E0 2A E0 4D E0 CD E0 AA
Up arrow E0 48 E0 C8 E0 2A E0 48 E0 C8 E0 AA
Hence by looking at the codes following E0 for the Make key code, such as 0x50, 0x4B, 0x4D, 0x48 respectively, that is where the confusion arise from looking at key-codes and treating them as 'ascii'... the answer is don't as the platform varies, the OS varies, under Windows it would have virtual key code corresponding to those keys, not necessarily the same as the BIOS codes, VK_UP, VK_DOWN, VK_LEFT, VK_RIGHT.. this will be found in your C++'s header file windows.h, as I recall in the SDK's include folder.
Do not rely on the key-codes to have the same 'identical ascii' codes shown here as the Operating system will reprogram the entire BIOS code in whatever the OS sees fit, naturally that would be expected because since the BIOS code is 16bit, and the OS (nowadays are 32bit protected mode), of course those codes from the BIOS will no longer be valid.
Hence the original keyboard interrupt 0x9 and BIOS interrupt 0x16 would be wiped from the memory after the BIOS loads it and when the protected mode OS starts loading, it would overwrite that area of memory and replace it with their own 32 bit protected mode handlers to deal with those keyboard scan codes.
Here is a code sample from the old days of DOS programming, using Borland C v3:
#include <bios.h>
int getKey(void){
int key, lo, hi;
key = bioskey(0);
lo = key & 0x00FF;
hi = (key & 0xFF00) >> 8;
return (lo == 0) ? hi + 256 : lo;
}
This routine actually, returned the codes for up, down is 328 and 336 respectively, (I do not have the code for left and right actually, this is in my old cook book!) The actual scancode is found in the lo
variable. Keys other than the A-Z,0-9, had a scan code of 0 via the bioskey
routine.... the reason 256 is added, because variable lo
has code of 0 and the hi
variable would have the scan code and adds 256 on to it in order not to confuse with the 'ascii' codes...
Groovy Shell warning "Could not open/create prefs root node ..."
This is actually a JDK bug. It has been reported several times over the years, but only in 8139507 was it finally taken seriously by Oracle.
The problem was in the JDK source code for WindowsPreferences.java
. In this class, both nodes userRoot
and systemRoot
were declared static as in:
/**
* User root node.
*/
static final Preferences userRoot =
new WindowsPreferences(USER_ROOT_NATIVE_HANDLE, WINDOWS_ROOT_PATH);
/**
* System root node.
*/
static final Preferences systemRoot =
new WindowsPreferences(SYSTEM_ROOT_NATIVE_HANDLE, WINDOWS_ROOT_PATH);
This means that the first time the class is referenced both static variables would be initiated and by this the Registry Key for HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\JavaSoft\Prefs
(= system tree) will be attempted to be created if it doesn't already exist.
So even if the user took every precaution in his own code and never touched or referenced the system tree, then the JVM would actually still try to instantiate systemRoot
, thus causing the warning. It is an interesting subtle bug.
There's a fix committed to the JDK source in June 2016 and it is part of Java9 onwards. There's also a backport for Java8 which is in u202.
What you see is really a warning from the JDK's internal logger. It is not an exception. I believe that the warning can be safely ignored .... unless the user code is indeed wanting the system preferences, but that is very rarely the case.
Bonus info
The bug did not reveal itself in versions prior to Java 1.7.21, because up until then the JRE installer would create Registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\JavaSoft\Prefs
for you and this would effectively hide the bug. On the other hand you've never really been required to run an installer in order to have a JRE on your machine, or at least this hasn't been Sun/Oracle's intent. As you may be aware Oracle has been distributing the JRE for Windows in .tar.gz
format for many years.
With CSS, use "..." for overflowed block of multi-lines
thanks @balpha and @Kevin, I combine two method together.
no js needed in this method.
you can use background-image
and no gradient needed to hide dots.
the innerHTML
of .ellipsis-placeholder
is not necessary, I use .ellipsis-placeholder
to keep the same width and height with .ellipsis-more
.
You could use display: inline-block
instead.
_x000D_
_x000D_
.ellipsis {_x000D_
overflow: hidden;_x000D_
position: relative;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.ellipsis-more-top {/*push down .ellipsis-more*/_x000D_
content: "";_x000D_
float: left;_x000D_
width: 5px;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.ellipsis-text-container {_x000D_
float: right;_x000D_
width: 100%;_x000D_
margin-left: -5px;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.ellipsis-more-container {_x000D_
float: right;_x000D_
position: relative;_x000D_
left: 100%;_x000D_
width: 5px;_x000D_
margin-left: -5px;_x000D_
border-right: solid 5px transparent;_x000D_
white-space: nowrap;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.ellipsis-placeholder {/*keep text around ,keep it transparent ,keep same width and height as .ellipsis-more*/_x000D_
float: right;_x000D_
clear: right;_x000D_
color: transparent;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.ellipsis-placeholder-top {/*push down .ellipsis-placeholder*/_x000D_
float: right;_x000D_
width: 0;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.ellipsis-more {/*ellipsis things here*/_x000D_
float: right;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.ellipsis-height {/*the total height*/_x000D_
height: 3.6em;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.ellipsis-line-height {/*the line-height*/_x000D_
line-height: 1.2;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.ellipsis-margin-top {/*one line height*/_x000D_
margin-top: -1.2em;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.ellipsis-text {_x000D_
word-break: break-all;_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<div class="ellipsis ellipsis-height ellipsis-line-height">_x000D_
<div class="ellipsis-more-top ellipsis-height"></div>_x000D_
<div class="ellipsis-text-container">_x000D_
<div class="ellipsis-placeholder-top ellipsis-height ellipsis-margin-top"></div>_x000D_
<div class="ellipsis-placeholder">_x000D_
<span>...</span><span>more</span>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<span class="ellipsis-text">text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text </span>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
<div class="ellipsis-more-container ellipsis-margin-top">_x000D_
<div class="ellipsis-more">_x000D_
<span>...</span><span>more</span>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>_x000D_
</div>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
jsfiddler
How to append data to div using JavaScript?
The following method is less general than others however it's great when you are sure that your last child node of the div is already a text node. In this way you won't create a new text node using appendData
MDN Reference AppendData
let mydiv = document.getElementById("divId");
let lastChild = mydiv.lastChild;
if(lastChild && lastChild.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE ) //test if there is at least a node and the last is a text node
lastChild.appendData("YOUR TEXT CONTENT");
How to merge two json string in Python?
You can load both json strings into Python Dictionaries and then combine. This will only work if there are unique keys in each json string.
import json
a = json.loads(jsonStringA)
b = json.loads(jsonStringB)
c = dict(a.items() + b.items())
# or c = dict(a, **b)
Reshaping data.frame from wide to long format
Since this answer is tagged with r-faq, I felt it would be useful to share another alternative from base R: stack
.
Note, however, that stack
does not work with factor
s--it only works if is.vector
is TRUE
, and from the documentation for is.vector
, we find that:
is.vector
returns TRUE
if x is a vector of the specified mode having no attributes other than names. It returns FALSE
otherwise.
I'm using the sample data from @Jaap's answer, where the values in the year columns are factor
s.
Here's the stack
approach:
cbind(wide[1:2], stack(lapply(wide[-c(1, 2)], as.character)))
## Code Country values ind
## 1 AFG Afghanistan 20,249 1950
## 2 ALB Albania 8,097 1950
## 3 AFG Afghanistan 21,352 1951
## 4 ALB Albania 8,986 1951
## 5 AFG Afghanistan 22,532 1952
## 6 ALB Albania 10,058 1952
## 7 AFG Afghanistan 23,557 1953
## 8 ALB Albania 11,123 1953
## 9 AFG Afghanistan 24,555 1954
## 10 ALB Albania 12,246 1954
What's the difference between process.cwd() vs __dirname?
As per node js doc
process.cwd()
cwd
is a method of global object process
, returns a string value which is the current working directory of the Node.js process.
As per node js doc
__dirname
The directory name of current script as a string value. __dirname is not actually a global but rather local to each module.
Let me explain with example,
suppose we have a main.js
file resides inside C:/Project/main.js
and running node main.js
both these values return same file
or simply with following folder structure
Project
+-- main.js
+--lib
+-- script.js
main.js
console.log(process.cwd())
// C:\Project
console.log(__dirname)
// C:\Project
console.log(__dirname===process.cwd())
// true
suppose we have another file script.js
files inside a sub directory of project ie C:/Project/lib/script.js
and running node main.js
which require script.js
main.js
require('./lib/script.js')
console.log(process.cwd())
// C:\Project
console.log(__dirname)
// C:\Project
console.log(__dirname===process.cwd())
// true
script.js
console.log(process.cwd())
// C:\Project
console.log(__dirname)
// C:\Project\lib
console.log(__dirname===process.cwd())
// false
C++ array initialization
Yes, I believe it should work and it can also be applied to other data types.
For class arrays though, if there are fewer items in the initializer list than elements in the array, the default constructor is used for the remaining elements. If no default constructor is defined for the class, the initializer list must be complete — that is, there must be one initializer for each element in the array.
Angular 2 http post params and body
Yes the problem is here. It's related to your syntax.
Try using this
return this.http.post(this.BASE_URL, params, options)
.map(data => this.handleData(data))
.catch(this.handleError);
instead of
return this.http.post(this.BASE_URL, params, options)
.map(this.handleData)
.catch(this.handleError);
Also, the second parameter is supposed to be the body, not the url params.
How to convert Map keys to array?
I need something similiar with angular reactive form:
let myMap = new Map().set(0, {status: 'VALID'}).set(1, {status: 'INVALID'});
let mapToArray = Array.from(myMap.values());
let isValid = mapToArray.every(x => x.status === 'VALID');
insert multiple rows into DB2 database
I disagree on the comment posted by Hogan.
Those instructions will work for IBM DB2 Mini, but it's not the case of DB2 Z/OS.
Here is an example:
Exception data: org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.PersistenceException:
The error occurred while setting parameters
SQL: INSERT INTO TABLENAME(ID_, F1_, F2_, F3_, F4_, F5_) VALUES
(?, 1, ?, ?, ?, ?),
(?, 1, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Cause: com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.SqlSyntaxErrorException:
ILLEGAL SYMBOL ",". SOME SYMBOLS THAT MIGHT BE LEGAL ARE: FOR <END-OF-STATEMENT> NOT ATOMIC. SQLCODE=-104, SQLSTATE=42601, DRIVER=4.25.17
So I can confirm that inline comma separated bulk inserts are not working on DB2 Z/OS (maybe you could feed it some props to get it working...)
How do I replace a double-quote with an escape-char double-quote in a string using JavaScript?
The other answers will work for most strings, but you can end up unescaping an already escaped double quote, which is probably not what you want.
To work correctly, you are going to need to escape all backslashes and then escape all double quotes, like this:
var test_str = '"first \\" middle \\" last "';
var result = test_str.replace(/\\/g, '\\\\').replace(/\"/g, '\\"');
depending on how you need to use the string, and the other escaped charaters involved, this may still have some issues, but I think it will probably work in most cases.
How to get current date & time in MySQL?
$rs = $db->Insert('register',"'$fn','$ln','$email','$pass','$city','$mo','$fil'","'f_name','l_name=','email','password','city','contact','image'");
git remote add with other SSH port
Rather than using the ssh://
protocol prefix, you can continue using the conventional URL form for accessing git over SSH, with one small change. As a reminder, the conventional URL is:
git@host:path/to/repo.git
To specify an alternative port, put brackets around the user@host
part, including the port:
[git@host:port]:path/to/repo.git
But if the port change is merely temporary, you can tell git to use a different SSH command instead of changing your repository’s remote URL:
export GIT_SSH_COMMAND='ssh -p port'
git clone git@host:path/to/repo.git # for instance
return, return None, and no return at all?
They each return the same singleton None
-- There is no functional difference.
I think that it is reasonably idiomatic to leave off the return
statement unless you need it to break out of the function early (in which case a bare return
is more common), or return something other than None
. It also makes sense and seems to be idiomatic to write return None
when it is in a function that has another path that returns something other than None
. Writing return None
out explicitly is a visual cue to the reader that there's another branch which returns something more interesting (and that calling code will probably need to handle both types of return values).
Often in Python, functions which return None
are used like void
functions in C -- Their purpose is generally to operate on the input arguments in place (unless you're using global data (shudders)). Returning None
usually makes it more explicit that the arguments were mutated. This makes it a little more clear why it makes sense to leave off the return
statement from a "language conventions" standpoint.
That said, if you're working in a code base that already has pre-set conventions around these things, I'd definitely follow suit to help the code base stay uniform...
css transform, jagged edges in chrome
For me it was the perspective CSS property that did the trick:
-webkit-perspective: 1000;
Completely illogical in my case as I use no 3d transitions, but works nonetheless.
How to delete an SMS from the inbox in Android programmatically?
Using suggestions from others, I think I got it to work:
(using SDK v1 R2)
It's not perfect, since i need to delete the entire conversation, but for our purposes, it's a sufficient compromise as we will at least know all messages will be looked at and verified. Our flow will probably need to then listen for the message, capture for the message we want, do a query to get the thread_id of the recently inbounded message and do the delete() call.
In our Activity:
Uri uriSms = Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox");
Cursor c = getContentResolver().query(uriSms, null,null,null,null);
int id = c.getInt(0);
int thread_id = c.getInt(1); //get the thread_id
getContentResolver().delete(Uri.parse("content://sms/conversations/" + thread_id),null,null);
Note: I wasn't able to do a delete on content://sms/inbox/ or content://sms/all/
Looks like the thread takes precedence, which makes sense, but the error message only emboldened me to be angrier. When trying the delete on sms/inbox/ or sms/all/, you will probably get:
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unknown URL
at com.android.providers.telephony.SmsProvider.delete(SmsProvider.java:510)
at android.content.ContentProvider$Transport.delete(ContentProvider.java:149)
at android.content.ContentProviderNative.onTransact(ContentProviderNative.java:149)
For additional reference too, make sure to put this into your manifest for your intent receiver:
<receiver android:name=".intent.MySmsReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"></action>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
Note the receiver tag does not look like this:
<receiver android:name=".intent.MySmsReceiver"
android:permission="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS">
When I had those settings, android gave me some crazy permissions exceptions that didn't allow android.phone to hand off the received SMS to my intent. So, DO NOT put that RECEIVE_SMS permission attribute in your intent! Hopefully someone wiser than me can tell me why that was the case.
Angular 2 Hover event
@Component({
selector: 'drag-drop',
template: `
<h1>Drag 'n Drop</h1>
<div #container
class="container"
(mousemove)="onMouseMove( container)">
<div #draggable
class="draggable"
(mousedown)="onMouseButton( container)"
(mouseup)="onMouseButton( container)">
</div>
</div>`,
})
http://lishman.io/angular-2-event-binding
Pandas dataframe groupby plot
Similar to Julien's answer above, I had success with the following:
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10,4))
for key, grp in df.groupby(['ticker']):
ax.plot(grp['Date'], grp['adj_close'], label=key)
ax.legend()
plt.show()
This solution might be more relevant if you want more control in matlab.
Solution inspired by: https://stackoverflow.com/a/52526454/10521959
Global Variable from a different file Python
When you write
from file2 import *
it actually copies the names defined in file2
into the namespace of file1
. So if you reassign those names in file1
, by writing
foo = "bar"
for example, it will only make that change in file1
, not file2
. Note that if you were to change an attribute of foo
, say by doing
foo.blah = "bar"
then that change would be reflected in file2
, because you are modifying the existing object referred to by the name foo
, not replacing it with a new object.
You can get the effect you want by doing this in file1.py
:
import file2
file2.foo = "bar"
test = SomeClass()
(note that you should delete from foo import *
) although I would suggest thinking carefully about whether you really need to do this. It's not very common that changing one module's variables from within another module is really justified.
using OR and NOT in solr query
You can find the follow up to the solr-user group on: solr user mailling list
The prevailing thought is that the NOT operator may only be used to remove results from a query - not just exclude things out of the entire dataset. I happen to like the syntax you suggested mausch - thanks!
What does if [ $? -eq 0 ] mean for shell scripts?
It is an extremely overused way to check for the success/failure of a command. Typically, the code snippet you give would be refactored as:
if grep -e ERROR ${LOG_DIR_PATH}/${LOG_NAME} > /dev/null; then
...
fi
(Although you can use 'grep -q' in some instances instead of redirecting to /dev/null, doing so is not portable. Many implementations of grep do not support the -q option, so your script may fail if you use it.)
How to remove "index.php" in codeigniter's path
Ensure you have enabled mod_rewrite
(I hadn't).
To enable:
sudo a2enmod rewrite
Also, replace AllowOverride None
by AllowOverride All
sudo gedit /etc/apache2/sites-available/default
Finaly...
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
My .htaccess is
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond $1 !^(index\.php|[assets/css/js/img]|robots\.txt)
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [L]
Static vs class functions/variables in Swift classes?
I got this confusion in one of my project as well and found this post, very helpful. Tried the same in my playground and here is the summary. Hope this helps someone with stored properties and functions of type static
, final
,class
, overriding class vars etc.
class Simple {
init() {print("init method called in base")}
class func one() {print("class - one()")}
class func two() {print("class - two()")}
static func staticOne() {print("staticOne()")}
static func staticTwo() {print("staticTwo()")}
final func yesFinal() {print("yesFinal()")}
static var myStaticVar = "static var in base"
//Class stored properties not yet supported in classes; did you mean 'static'?
class var myClassVar1 = "class var1"
//This works fine
class var myClassVar: String {
return "class var in base"
}
}
class SubSimple: Simple {
//Successful override
override class func one() {
print("subClass - one()")
}
//Successful override
override class func two () {
print("subClass - two()")
}
//Error: Class method overrides a 'final' class method
override static func staticOne() {
}
//error: Instance method overrides a 'final' instance method
override final func yesFinal() {
}
//Works fine
override class var myClassVar: String {
return "class var in subclass"
}
}
And here is the testing samples:
print(Simple.one())
print(Simple.two())
print(Simple.staticOne())
print(Simple.staticTwo())
print(Simple.yesFinal(Simple()))
print(SubSimple.one())
print(Simple.myStaticVar)
print(Simple.myClassVar)
print(SubSimple.myClassVar)
//Output
class - one()
class - two()
staticOne()
staticTwo()
init method called in base
(Function)
subClass - one()
static var in base
class var in base
class var in subclass
Pass array to MySQL stored routine
If you don't want to use temporary tables here is a split string like function you can use
SET @Array = 'one,two,three,four';
SET @ArrayIndex = 2;
SELECT CASE
WHEN @Array REGEXP CONCAT('((,).*){',@ArrayIndex,'}')
THEN SUBSTRING_INDEX(SUBSTRING_INDEX(@Array,',',@ArrayIndex+1),',',-1)
ELSE NULL
END AS Result;
SUBSTRING_INDEX(string, delim, n)
returns the first n
SUBSTRING_INDEX(string, delim, -1)
returns the last only
REGEXP '((delim).*){n}'
checks if there are n delimiters (i.e. you are in bounds)
How do I vertically center an H1 in a div?
You can achieve this with the display
property:
html, body {
height:100%;
margin:0;
padding:0;
}
#section1 {
width:100%; /*full width*/
min-height:90%;
text-align:center;
display:table; /*acts like a table*/
}
h1{
margin:0;
padding:0;
vertical-align:middle; /*middle centred*/
display:table-cell; /*acts like a table cell*/
}
Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/a3Kns/
Greyscale Background Css Images
Here you go:
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title>bluantinoo CSS Grayscale Bg Image Sample</title>
<style type="text/css">
div {
border: 1px solid black;
padding: 5px;
margin: 5px;
width: 600px;
height: 600px;
float: left;
color: white;
}
.grayscale {
background: url(yourimagehere.jpg);
-moz-filter: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns=\'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\'><filter id=\'grayscale\'><feColorMatrix type=\'matrix\' values=\'0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0\'/></filter></svg>#grayscale");
-o-filter: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns=\'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\'><filter id=\'grayscale\'><feColorMatrix type=\'matrix\' values=\'0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0\'/></filter></svg>#grayscale");
-webkit-filter: grayscale(100%);
filter: gray;
filter: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns=\'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\'><filter id=\'grayscale\'><feColorMatrix type=\'matrix\' values=\'0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0\'/></filter></svg>#grayscale");
}
.nongrayscale {
background: url(yourimagehere.jpg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="nongrayscale">
this is a non-grayscale of the bg image
</div>
<div class="grayscale">
this is a grayscale of the bg image
</div>
</body>
</html>
Tested it in FireFox, Chrome and IE. I've also attached an image to show my results of my implementation of this.
EDIT: Also, if you want the image to just toggle back and forth with jQuery, here's the page source for that...I've included the web link to jQuery and and image that's online so you should just be able to copy/paste to test it out:
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title>bluantinoo CSS Grayscale Bg Image Sample</title>
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
div {
border: 1px solid black;
padding: 5px;
margin: 5px;
width: 600px;
height: 600px;
float: left;
color: white;
}
.grayscale {
background: url(http://www.polyrootstattoo.com/images/Artists/Buda/40.jpg);
-moz-filter: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns=\'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\'><filter id=\'grayscale\'><feColorMatrix type=\'matrix\' values=\'0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0\'/></filter></svg>#grayscale");
-o-filter: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns=\'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\'><filter id=\'grayscale\'><feColorMatrix type=\'matrix\' values=\'0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0\'/></filter></svg>#grayscale");
-webkit-filter: grayscale(100%);
filter: gray;
filter: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns=\'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\'><filter id=\'grayscale\'><feColorMatrix type=\'matrix\' values=\'0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0\'/></filter></svg>#grayscale");
}
.nongrayscale {
background: url(http://www.polyrootstattoo.com/images/Artists/Buda/40.jpg);
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function () {
$("#image").mouseover(function () {
$(".nongrayscale").removeClass().fadeTo(400,0.8).addClass("grayscale").fadeTo(400, 1);
});
$("#image").mouseout(function () {
$(".grayscale").removeClass().fadeTo(400, 0.8).addClass("nongrayscale").fadeTo(400, 1);
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="image" class="nongrayscale">
rollover this image to toggle grayscale
</div>
</body>
</html>
EDIT 2 (For IE10-11 Users): The solution above will not work with the changes Microsoft has made to the browser as of late, so here's an updated solution that will allow you to grayscale (or desaturate) your images.
_x000D_
_x000D_
<svg>_x000D_
<defs>_x000D_
<filter xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="desaturate">_x000D_
<feColorMatrix type="saturate" values="0" />_x000D_
</filter>_x000D_
</defs>_x000D_
<image xlink:href="http://www.polyrootstattoo.com/images/Artists/Buda/40.jpg" width="600" height="600" filter="url(#desaturate)" />_x000D_
</svg>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_
Entity Framework Timeouts
Usually I handle my operations within a transaction. As I've experienced, it is not enough to set the context command timeout, but the transaction needs a constructor with a timeout parameter. I had to set both time out values for it to work properly.
int? prevto = uow.Context.Database.CommandTimeout;
uow.Context.Database.CommandTimeout = 900;
using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.Required, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(900))) {
...
}
At the end of the function I set back the command timeout to the previous value in prevto.
Using EF6
Set div height equal to screen size
Using CSS {height: 100%;}
matches the height of the parent. This could be anything, meaning smaller or bigger than the screen. Using {height: 100vh;}
matches the height of the viewport.
.container {
height: 100vh;
overflow: auto;
}
According to Mozilla's official documents, 1vh is:
Equal to 1% of the height of the viewport's initial containing block.
"ssl module in Python is not available" when installing package with pip3
If you are on Red Hat/CentOS:
# To allow for building python ssl libs
yum install openssl-devel
# Download the source of *any* python version
cd /usr/src
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.2/Python-3.6.2.tar.xz
tar xf Python-3.6.2.tar.xz
cd Python-3.6.2
# Configure the build w/ your installed libraries
./configure
# Install into /usr/local/bin/python3.6, don't overwrite global python bin
make altinstall
Is it ok to use `any?` to check if an array is not empty?
Avoid any?
for large arrays.
any?
is O(n)
empty?
is O(1)
any?
does not check the length but actually scans the whole array for truthy elements.
static VALUE
rb_ary_any_p(VALUE ary)
{
long i, len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
const VALUE *ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
if (!len) return Qfalse;
if (!rb_block_given_p()) {
for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) if (RTEST(ptr[i])) return Qtrue;
}
else {
for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) return Qtrue;
}
}
return Qfalse;
}
empty?
on the other hand checks the length of the array only.
static VALUE
rb_ary_empty_p(VALUE ary)
{
if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == 0)
return Qtrue;
return Qfalse;
}
The difference is relevant if you have "sparse" arrays that start with lots of nil
values, like for example an array that was just created.
What is Parse/parsing?
Parsing is just process of analyse the string of character and find the tokens from that string and parser is a component of interpreter and compiler.It uses lexical analysis and then
syntactic analysis.It parse it and then compile this code after this whole process of compilation.
Capture HTML Canvas as gif/jpg/png/pdf?
if you want to emebed the canvas you can use this snippet
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<canvas id=canvas width=200 height=200></canvas>
<iframe id='img' width=200 height=200></iframe>
<script>
window.onload = function() {
var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
var context = canvas.getContext("2d");
context.fillStyle = "green";
context.fillRect(50, 50, 100, 100);
document.getElementById('img').src = canvas.toDataURL("image/jpeg");
console.log(canvas.toDataURL("image/jpeg"));
}
</script>
</body>
</html>