As with C, ultimately, everything is passed by value. Unlike C, you can't actually back up and pass the location of a variable, because it doesn't have pointers, just references.

And the references it has are all to objects, not variables. There are several ways of achieving the same result, but they have to be done by hand, not just adding a keyword at either the call or declaration site.

Ref denotes whether the function can get its hands on the object itself, or only on its value.

Passing by reference is not bound to a language; it's a parameter binding strategy next to pass-by-value, pass by name, pass by need etc...

A sidenote: the class name TestRef is a hideously bad choice in this context ;).

Only call time pass-by-reference is removed. So change:

call_user_func($func, &$this, &$client ...

To this:

call_user_func($func, $this, $client ...

&$this should never be needed after PHP4 anyway period.

If you absolutely need $client to be passed by reference, update the function ($func) signature instead (function func(&$client) {)

class Obj:
  def __init__(self,a):
    self.value = a
  def sum(self, a):
    self.value += a
    
a = Obj(1)
b = a
a.sum(1)
print(a.value, b.value)// 2 2

I think much confusion is generated by not communicating what is meant by passed by reference. When some people say pass by reference they usually mean not the argument itself, but rather the object being referenced. Some other say that pass by reference means that the object can't be changed in the callee. Example:

struct Object {
    int i;
};

void sample(Object* o) { // 1
    o->i++;
}

void sample(Object const& o) { // 2
    // nothing useful here :)
}

void sample(Object & o) { // 3
    o.i++;
}

void sample1(Object o) { // 4
    o.i++;
}

int main() {
    Object obj = { 10 };
    Object const obj_c = { 10 };

    sample(&obj); // calls 1
    sample(obj) // calls 3
    sample(obj_c); // calls 2
    sample1(obj); // calls 4
}

Some people would claim that 1 and 3 are pass by reference, while 2 would be pass by value. Another group of people say all but the last is pass by reference, because the object itself is not copied.

I would like to draw a definition of that here what i claim to be pass by reference. A general overview over it can be found here: Difference between pass by reference and pass by value. The first and last are pass by value, and the middle two are pass by reference:

    sample(&obj);
       // yields a `Object*`. Passes a *pointer* to the object by value. 
       // The caller can change the pointer (the parameter), but that 
       // won't change the temporary pointer created on the call side (the argument). 

    sample(obj)
       // passes the object by *reference*. It denotes the object itself. The callee
       // has got a reference parameter.

    sample(obj_c);
       // also passes *by reference*. the reference parameter references the
       // same object like the argument expression. 

    sample1(obj);
       // pass by value. The parameter object denotes a different object than the 
       // one passed in.

I vote for the following definition:

An argument (1.3.1) is passed by reference if and only if the corresponding parameter of the function that's called has reference type and the reference parameter binds directly to the argument expression (8.5.3/4). In all other cases, we have to do with pass by value.

That means that the following is pass by value:

void f1(Object const& o);
f1(Object()); // 1

void f2(int const& i);
f2(42); // 2

void f3(Object o);
f3(Object());     // 3
Object o1; f3(o1); // 4

void f4(Object *o);
Object o1; f4(&o1); // 5

1 is pass by value, because it's not directly bound. The implementation may copy the temporary and then bind that temporary to the reference. 2 is pass by value, because the implementation initializes a temporary of the literal and then binds to the reference. 3 is pass by value, because the parameter has not reference type. 4 is pass by value for the same reason. 5 is pass by value because the parameter has not got reference type. The following cases are pass by reference (by the rules of 8.5.3/4 and others):

void f1(Object *& op);
Object a; Object *op1 = &a; f1(op1); // 1

void f2(Object const& op);
Object b; f2(b); // 2

struct A { };
struct B { operator A&() { static A a; return a; } };
void f3(A &);
B b; f3(b); // passes the static a by reference

With the Array object methods you can modify the Array content yet compared to the basic for loops, these methods lack one important functionality. You can not modify the index on the run.

For example if you will remove the current element and place it to another index position within the same array you can easily do this. If you move the current element to a previous position there is no problem in the next iteration you will get the same next item as if you hadn't done anything.

Consider this code where we move the item at index position 5 to index position 2 once the index counts up to 5.

var ar = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9];
ar.forEach((e,i,a) => {
i == 5 && a.splice(2,0,a.splice(i,1)[0])
console.log(i,e);
}); // 0 0 - 1 1 - 2 2 - 3 3 - 4 4 - 5 5 - 6 6 - 7 7 - 8 8 - 9 9

However if we move the current element to somewhere beyond the current index position things get a little messy. Then the very next item will shift into the moved items position and in the next iteration we will not be able to see or evaluate it.

Consider this code where we move the item at index position 5 to index position 7 once the index counts up to 5.

var a = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9];
a.forEach((e,i,a) => {
i == 5 && a.splice(7,0,a.splice(i,1)[0])
console.log(i,e);
}); // 0 0 - 1 1 - 2 2 - 3 3 - 4 4 - 5 5 - 6 7 - 7 5 - 8 8 - 9 9

So we have never met 6 in the loop. Normally in a for loop you are expected decrement the index value when you move the array item forward so that your index stays at the same position in the next run and you can still evaluate the item shifted into the removed item's place. This is not possible with array methods. You can not alter the index. Check the following code

var a = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9];
a.forEach((e,i,a) => {
i == 5 && (a.splice(7,0,a.splice(i,1)[0]), i--);
console.log(i,e);
}); // 0 0 - 1 1 - 2 2 - 3 3 - 4 4 - 4 5 - 6 7 - 7 5 - 8 8 - 9 9

As you see when we decrement i it will not continue from 5 but 6, from where it was left.

So keep this in mind.

Pass by value for small types.

Pass by const references for big types (the definition of big can vary between machines) BUT, in C++11, pass by value if you are going to consume the data, since you can exploit move semantics. For example:

class Person {
 public:
  Person(std::string name) : name_(std::move(name)) {}
 private:
  std::string name_;
};

Now the calling code would do:

Person p(std::string("Albert"));

And only one object would be created and moved directly into member name_ in class Person. If you pass by const reference, a copy will have to be made for putting it into name_.

To expand a little bit on some of the answers here...

In C, when an array identifier appears in a context other than as an operand to either & or sizeof, the type of the identifier is implicitly converted from "N-element array of T" to "pointer to T", and its value is implicitly set to the address of the first element in the array (which is the same as the address of the array itself). That's why when you just pass the array identifier as an argument to a function, the function receives a pointer to the base type, rather than an array. Since you can't tell how big an array is just by looking at the pointer to the first element, you have to pass the size in as a separate parameter.

struct Coordinate { int x; int y; };
void SomeMethod(struct Coordinate *coordinates, size_t numCoordinates)
{
    ...
    coordinates[i].x = ...;
    coordinates[i].y = ...; 
    ...
}
int main (void)
{
    struct Coordinate coordinates[10];
    ...
    SomeMethod (coordinates, sizeof coordinates / sizeof *coordinates);
    ...
}

There are a couple of alternate ways of passing arrays to functions.

There is such a thing as a pointer to an array of T, as opposed to a pointer to T. You would declare such a pointer as

T (*p)[N];

In this case, p is a pointer to an N-element array of T (as opposed to T *p[N], where p is an N-element array of pointer to T). So you could pass a pointer to the array as opposed to a pointer to the first element:

struct Coordinate { int x; int y };

void SomeMethod(struct Coordinate (*coordinates)[10])
{
    ...
    (*coordinates)[i].x = ...;
    (*coordinates)[i].y = ...;
    ...
}

int main(void)
{
    struct Coordinate coordinates[10];
    ...
    SomeMethod(&coordinates);
    ...
}

The disadvantage of this method is that the array size is fixed, since a pointer to a 10-element array of T is a different type from a pointer to a 20-element array of T.

A third method is to wrap the array in a struct:

struct Coordinate { int x; int y; };
struct CoordinateWrapper { struct Coordinate coordinates[10]; };
void SomeMethod(struct CoordinateWrapper wrapper)
{
    ...
    wrapper.coordinates[i].x = ...;
    wrapper.coordinates[i].y = ...;
    ...
}
int main(void)
{
    struct CoordinateWrapper wrapper;
    ...
    SomeMethod(wrapper);
    ...
}

The advantage of this method is that you aren't mucking around with pointers. The disadvantage is that the array size is fixed (again, a 10-element array of T is a different type from a 20-element array of T).

I like the reasoning by an article from "cplusplus.com:"

1. Pass by value when the function does not want to modify the parameter and the value is easy to copy (ints, doubles, char, bool, etc... simple types. std::string, std::vector, and all other STL containers are NOT simple types.)

2. Pass by const pointer when the value is expensive to copy AND the function does not want to modify the value pointed to AND NULL is a valid, expected value that the function handles.

3. Pass by non-const pointer when the value is expensive to copy AND the function wants to modify the value pointed to AND NULL is a valid, expected value that the function handles.

4. Pass by const reference when the value is expensive to copy AND the function does not want to modify the value referred to AND NULL would not be a valid value if a pointer was used instead.

5. Pass by non-cont reference when the value is expensive to copy AND the function wants to modify the value referred to AND NULL would not be a valid value if a pointer was used instead.

6. When writing template functions, there isn't a clear-cut answer because there are a few tradeoffs to consider that are beyond the scope of this discussion, but suffice it to say that most template functions take their parameters by value or (const) reference, however because iterator syntax is similar to that of pointers (asterisk to "dereference"), any template function that expects iterators as arguments will also by default accept pointers as well (and not check for NULL since the NULL iterator concept has a different syntax).

http://www.cplusplus.com/articles/z6vU7k9E/

What I take from this is that the major difference between choosing to use a pointer or reference parameter is if NULL is an acceptable value. That's it.

Whether the value is input, output, modifiable etc. should be in the documentation / comments about the function, after all.

1. Primitives (number, Boolean, etc.) are passed by value.
   • Strings are immutable, so it doesn't really matter for them.
2. Objects are passed by reference (the reference is passed by value).

I guess its clearer when you do it like this. I recommend downloading LinqPad to test things like this.

void Main()
{
    var Person = new Person(){FirstName = "Egli", LastName = "Becerra"};

    //Will update egli
    WontUpdate(Person);
    Console.WriteLine("WontUpdate");
    Console.WriteLine($"First name: {Person.FirstName}, Last name: {Person.LastName}\n");

    UpdateImplicitly(Person);
    Console.WriteLine("UpdateImplicitly");
    Console.WriteLine($"First name: {Person.FirstName}, Last name: {Person.LastName}\n");

    UpdateExplicitly(ref Person);
    Console.WriteLine("UpdateExplicitly");
    Console.WriteLine($"First name: {Person.FirstName}, Last name: {Person.LastName}\n");
}

//Class to test
public class Person{
    public string FirstName {get; set;}
    public string LastName {get; set;}

    public string printName(){
        return $"First name: {FirstName} Last name:{LastName}";
    }
}

public static void WontUpdate(Person p)
{
    //New instance does jack...
    var newP = new Person(){FirstName = p.FirstName, LastName = p.LastName};
    newP.FirstName = "Favio";
    newP.LastName = "Becerra";
}

public static void UpdateImplicitly(Person p)
{
    //Passing by reference implicitly
    p.FirstName = "Favio";
    p.LastName = "Becerra";
}

public static void UpdateExplicitly(ref Person p)
{
    //Again passing by reference explicitly (reduntant)
    p.FirstName = "Favio";
    p.LastName = "Becerra";
}

And that should output

WontUpdate

First name: Egli, Last name: Becerra

UpdateImplicitly

First name: Favio, Last name: Becerra

UpdateExplicitly

First name: Favio, Last name: Becerra

There are two parts of memory allocated for an object of reference type. One in stack and one in heap. The part in stack (aka a pointer) contains reference to the part in heap - where the actual values are stored.

When ref keyword is not use, just a copy of part in stack is created and passed to the method - reference to same part in heap. Therefore if you change something in heap part, those change will stayed. If you change the copied pointer - by assign it to refer to other place in heap - it will not affect to origin pointer outside of the method.

Lots of great answers diving into the theory of how Ruby's "pass-reference-by-value" works. But I learn and understand everything much better by example. Hopefully, this will be helpful.

def foo(bar)
  puts "bar (#{bar}) entering foo with object_id #{bar.object_id}"
  bar =  "reference"
  puts "bar (#{bar}) leaving foo with object_id #{bar.object_id}"
end

bar = "value"
puts "bar (#{bar}) before foo with object_id #{bar.object_id}"
foo(bar)
puts "bar (#{bar}) after foo with object_id #{bar.object_id}"

# Output
bar (value) before foo with object_id 60
bar (value) entering foo with object_id 60
bar (reference) leaving foo with object_id 80 # <-----
bar (value) after foo with object_id 60 # <-----

As you can see when we entered the method, our bar was still pointing to the string "value". But then we assigned a string object "reference" to bar, which has a new object_id. In this case bar inside of foo, has a different scope, and whatever we passed inside the method, is no longer accessed by bar as we re-assigned it and point it to a new place in memory that holds String "reference".

Now consider this same method. The only difference is what with do inside the method

def foo(bar)
  puts "bar (#{bar}) entering foo with object_id #{bar.object_id}"
  bar.replace "reference"
  puts "bar (#{bar}) leaving foo with object_id #{bar.object_id}"
end

bar = "value"
puts "bar (#{bar}) before foo with object_id #{bar.object_id}"
foo(bar)
puts "bar (#{bar}) after foo with object_id #{bar.object_id}"

# Output
bar (value) before foo with object_id 60
bar (value) entering foo with object_id 60
bar (reference) leaving foo with object_id 60 # <-----
bar (reference) after foo with object_id 60 # <-----

Notice the difference? What we did here was: we modified the contents of the String object, that variable was pointing to. The scope of bar is still different inside of the method.

So be careful how you treat the variable passed into methods. And if you modify passed-in variables-in-place (gsub!, replace, etc), then indicate so in the name of the method with a bang !, like so "def foo!"

P.S.:

It's important to keep in mind that the "bar"s inside and outside of foo, are "different" "bar". Their scope is different. Inside the method, you could rename "bar" to "club" and the result would be the same.

I often see variables re-used inside and outside of methods, and while it's fine, it takes away from the readability of the code and is a code smell IMHO. I highly recommend not to do what I did in my example above :) and rather do this

def foo(fiz)
  puts "fiz (#{fiz}) entering foo with object_id #{fiz.object_id}"
  fiz =  "reference"
  puts "fiz (#{fiz}) leaving foo with object_id #{fiz.object_id}"
end

bar = "value"
puts "bar (#{bar}) before foo with object_id #{bar.object_id}"
foo(bar)
puts "bar (#{bar}) after foo with object_id #{bar.object_id}"

# Output
bar (value) before foo with object_id 60
fiz (value) entering foo with object_id 60
fiz (reference) leaving foo with object_id 80
bar (value) after foo with object_id 60

One additional reason to add final to parameter declarations is that it helps to identify variables that need to be renamed as part of a "Extract Method" refactoring. I have found that adding final to each parameter prior to starting a large method refactoring quickly tells me if there are any issues I need to address before continuing.

However, I generally remove them as superfluous at the end of the refactoring.

Make a

class PassMeByRef { public int theValue; }

then pass a reference to an instance of it. Note that a method that mutates state through its arguments is best avoided, especially in parallel code.

In case of OO... To say that a Given Class has and "Default" means that this Default (value) must declared acondingly an then may be usd as an Default Parameter ex:

class Pagination {
public:
    int currentPage;
    //...
    Pagination() {
        currentPage = 1;
        //...
    }
    // your Default Pagination
    static Pagination& Default() {
        static Pagination pag;
        return pag;
    }
};

On your Method ...

 shared_ptr<vector<Auditoria> > 
 findByFilter(Auditoria& audit, Pagination& pagination = Pagination::Default() ) {

This solutions is quite suitable since in this case, "Global default Pagination" is a single "reference" value. You will also have the power to change default values at runtime like an "gobal-level" configuration ex: user pagination navigation preferences and etc..

String is a special class in Java. It is Thread Safe which means "Once a String instance is created, the content of the String instance will never changed ".

Here is what is going on for

 zText += "foo";

First, Java compiler will get the value of zText String instance, then create a new String instance whose value is zText appending "foo". So you know why the instance that zText point to does not changed. It is totally a new instance. In fact, even String "foo" is a new String instance. So, for this statement, Java will create two String instance, one is "foo", another is the value of zText append "foo". The rule is simple: The value of String instance will never be changed.

For method fillString, you can use a StringBuffer as parameter, or you can change it like this:

String fillString(String zText) {
    return zText += "foo";
}

You're not passing an int by reference, you're passing a pointer-to-an-int by value. Different syntax, same meaning.

For the second part of your question, see the array page of the manual, which states (quoting) :

Array assignment always involves value copying. Use the reference operator to copy an array by reference.

And the given example :

<?php
$arr1 = array(2, 3);
$arr2 = $arr1;
$arr2[] = 4; // $arr2 is changed,
             // $arr1 is still array(2, 3)

$arr3 = &$arr1;
$arr3[] = 4; // now $arr1 and $arr3 are the same
?>

For the first part, the best way to be sure is to try ;-)

Consider this example of code :

function my_func($a) {
    $a[] = 30;
}

$arr = array(10, 20);
my_func($arr);
var_dump($arr);

It'll give this output :

array
  0 => int 10
  1 => int 20

Which indicates the function has not modified the "outside" array that was passed as a parameter : it's passed as a copy, and not a reference.

If you want it passed by reference, you'll have to modify the function, this way :

function my_func(& $a) {
    $a[] = 30;
}

And the output will become :

array
  0 => int 10
  1 => int 20
  2 => int 30

As, this time, the array has been passed "by reference".

Don't hesitate to read the References Explained section of the manual : it should answer some of your questions ;-)

This is covered in section 7.4.1 of the C# language spec. Only a variable-reference can be passed as a ref or out parameter in an argument list. A property does not qualify as a variable reference and hence cannot be used.

Do I need to pass pointers, references, or non-pointer and non-reference values?

This is a question that matters when writing a function and choosing the types of the parameters it takes. That choice will affect how the function is called and it depends on a few things.

The simplest option is to pass objects by value. This basically creates a copy of the object in the function, which has many advantages. But sometimes copying is costly, in which case a constant reference, const&, is usually best. And sometimes you need your object to be changed by the function. Then a non-constant reference, &, is needed.

For guidance on the choice of parameter types, see the Functions section of the C++ Core Guidelines, starting with F.15. As a general rule, try to avoid raw pointers, *.

Java does manipulate objects by reference, and all object variables are references. However, Java doesn't pass method arguments by reference; it passes them by value.

Take the badSwap() method for example:

    public void badSwap(int var1, int
 var2{ int temp = var1; var1 = var2; var2 =
 temp; }

When badSwap() returns, the variables passed as arguments will still hold their original values. The method will also fail if we change the arguments type from int to Object, since Java passes object references by value as well. Now, here is where it gets tricky:

public void tricky(Point arg1, Point   arg2)
{ arg1.x = 100; arg1.y = 100; Point temp = arg1; arg1 = arg2; arg2 = temp; }
public static void main(String [] args) { 

 Point pnt1 = new Point(0,0); Point pnt2
 = new Point(0,0); System.out.println("X:
 " + pnt1.x + " Y: " +pnt1.y);

     System.out.println("X: " + pnt2.x + " Y:
 " +pnt2.y); System.out.println(" ");

     tricky(pnt1,pnt2);
 System.out.println("X: " + pnt1.x + " Y:" + pnt1.y);

     System.out.println("X: " + pnt2.x + " Y: " +pnt2.y); }

If we execute this main() method, we see the following output:

X: 0 Y: 0 X: 0 Y: 0 X: 100 Y: 100 X: 0 Y: 0

The method successfully alters the value ofpnt1, even though it is passed by value; however, a swap of pnt1 and pnt2 fails! This is the major source of confusion. In themain() method, pnt1 and pnt2 are nothing more than object references. When you passpnt1 and pnt2 to the tricky() method, Java passes the references by value just like any other parameter. This means the references passed to the method are actually copies of the original references. Figure 1 below shows two references pointing to the same object after Java passes an object to a method.

Java copies and passes the reference by value, not the object. Thus, method manipulation will alter the objects, since the references point to the original objects. But since the references are copies, swaps will fail. As Figure 2 illustrates, the method references swap, but not the original references. Unfortunately, after a method call, you are left with only the unswapped original references. For a swap to succeed outside of the method call, we need to swap the original references, not the copies.

In general, an "object" is an instance of a class, which is an "image"/"fingerprint" of a class created in memory (via New keyword).
The variable of object type refers to this memory location, that is, it essentially contains the address in memory.
So a parameter of object type passes a reference/"link" to an object, not a copy of the whole object.

I found the other answers rather long and complicated, so I created this simple diagram to explain the way Python treats variables and parameters.

Many answers here (and in particular the most highly upvoted answer) are factually incorrect, since they misunderstand what "call by reference" really means. Here's my attempt to set matters straight.

TL;DR

In simplest terms:

• call by value means that you pass values as function arguments
• call by reference means that you pass variables as function arguments

In metaphoric terms:

• Call by value is where I write down something on a piece of paper and hand it to you. Maybe it's a URL, maybe it's a complete copy of War and Peace. No matter what it is, it's on a piece of paper which I've given to you, and so now it is effectively your piece of paper. You are now free to scribble on that piece of paper, or use that piece of paper to find something somewhere else and fiddle with it, whatever.
• Call by reference is when I give you my notebook which has something written down in it. You may scribble in my notebook (maybe I want you to, maybe I don't), and afterwards I keep my notebook, with whatever scribbles you've put there. Also, if what either you or I wrote there is information about how to find something somewhere else, either you or I can go there and fiddle with that information.

What "call by value" and "call by reference" don't mean

Note that both of these concepts are completely independent and orthogonal from the concept of reference types (which in Java is all types that are subtypes of Object, and in C# all class types), or the concept of pointer types like in C (which are semantically equivalent to Java's "reference types", simply with different syntax).

The notion of reference type corresponds to a URL: it is both itself a piece of information, and it is a reference (a pointer, if you will) to other information. You can have many copies of a URL in different places, and they don't change what website they all link to; if the website is updated then every URL copy will still lead to the updated information. Conversely, changing the URL in any one place won't affect any other written copy of the URL.

Note that C++ has a notion of "references" (e.g. int&) that is not like Java and C#'s "reference types", but is like "call by reference". Java and C#'s "reference types", and all types in Python, are like what C and C++ call "pointer types" (e.g. int*).

OK, here's the longer and more formal explanation.

Terminology

To start with, I want to highlight some important bits of terminology, to help clarify my answer and to ensure we're all referring to the same ideas when we are using words. (In practice, I believe the vast majority of confusion about topics such as these stems from using words in ways that to not fully communicate the meaning that was intended.)

To start, here's an example in some C-like language of a function declaration:

void foo(int param) {  // line 1
  param += 1;
}

And here's an example of calling this function:

void bar() {
  int arg = 1;  // line 2
  foo(arg);     // line 3
}

Using this example, I want to define some important bits of terminology:

• foo is a function declared on line 1 (Java insists on making all functions methods, but the concept is the same without loss of generality; C and C++ make a distinction between declaration and definition which I won't go into here)
• param is a formal parameter to foo, also declared on line 1
• arg is a variable, specifically a local variable of the function bar, declared and initialized on line 2
• arg is also an argument to a specific invocation of foo on line 3

There are two very important sets of concepts to distinguish here. The first is value versus variable:

• A value is the result of evaluating an expression in the language. For example, in the bar function above, after the line int arg = 1;, the expression arg has the value 1.
• A variable is a container for values. A variable can be mutable (this is the default in most C-like languages), read-only (e.g. declared using Java's final or C#'s readonly) or deeply immutable (e.g. using C++'s const).

The other important pair of concepts to distinguish is parameter versus argument:

• A parameter (also called a formal parameter) is a variable which must be supplied by the caller when calling a function.
• An argument is a value that is supplied by the caller of a function to satisfy a specific formal parameter of that function

Call by value

In call by value, the function's formal parameters are variables that are newly created for the function invocation, and which are initialized with the values of their arguments.

This works exactly the same way that any other kinds of variables are initialized with values. For example:

int arg = 1;
int another_variable = arg;

Here arg and another_variable are completely independent variables -- their values can change independently of each other. However, at the point where another_variable is declared, it is initialized to hold the same value that arg holds -- which is 1.

Since they are independent variables, changes to another_variable do not affect arg:

int arg = 1;
int another_variable = arg;
another_variable = 2;

assert arg == 1; // true
assert another_variable == 2; // true

This is exactly the same as the relationship between arg and param in our example above, which I'll repeat here for symmetry:

void foo(int param) {
  param += 1;
}

void bar() {
  int arg = 1;
  foo(arg);
}

It is exactly as if we had written the code this way:

// entering function "bar" here
int arg = 1;
// entering function "foo" here
int param = arg;
param += 1;
// exiting function "foo" here
// exiting function "bar" here

That is, the defining characteristic of what call by value means is that the callee (foo in this case) receives values as arguments, but has its own separate variables for those values from the variables of the caller (bar in this case).

Going back to my metaphor above, if I'm bar and you're foo, when I call you, I hand you a piece of paper with a value written on it. You call that piece of paper param. That value is a copy of the value I have written in my notebook (my local variables), in a variable I call arg.

(As an aside: depending on hardware and operating system, there are various calling conventions about how you call one function from another. The calling convention is like us deciding whether I write the value on a piece of my paper and then hand it to you, or if you have a piece of paper that I write it on, or if I write it on the wall in front of both of us. This is an interesting subject as well, but far beyond the scope of this already long answer.)

Call by reference

In call by reference, the function's formal parameters are simply new names for the same variables that the caller supplies as arguments.

Going back to our example above, it's equivalent to:

// entering function "bar" here
int arg = 1;
// entering function "foo" here
// aha! I note that "param" is just another name for "arg"
arg /* param */ += 1;
// exiting function "foo" here
// exiting function "bar" here

Since param is just another name for arg -- that is, they are the same variable, changes to param are reflected in arg. This is the fundamental way in which call by reference differs from call by value.

Very few languages support call by reference, but C++ can do it like this:

void foo(int& param) {
  param += 1;
}

void bar() {
  int arg = 1;
  foo(arg);
}

In this case, param doesn't just have the same value as arg, it actually is arg (just by a different name) and so bar can observe that arg has been incremented.

Note that this is not how any of Java, JavaScript, C, Objective-C, Python, or nearly any other popular language today works. This means that those languages are not call by reference, they are call by value.

Addendum: call by object sharing

If what you have is call by value, but the actual value is a reference type or pointer type, then the "value" itself isn't very interesting (e.g. in C it's just an integer of a platform-specific size) -- what's interesting is what that value points to.

If what that reference type (that is, pointer) points to is mutable then an interesting effect is possible: you can modify the pointed-to value, and the caller can observe changes to the pointed-to value, even though the caller cannot observe changes to the pointer itself.

To borrow the analogy of the URL again, the fact that I gave you a copy of the URL to a website is not particularly interesting if the thing we both care about is the website, not the URL. The fact that you scribbling over your copy of the URL doesn't affect my copy of the URL isn't a thing we care about (and in fact, in languages like Java and Python the "URL", or reference type value, can't be modified at all, only the thing pointed to by it can).

Barbara Liskov, when she invented the CLU programming language (which had these semantics), realized that the existing terms "call by value" and "call by reference" weren't particularly useful for describing the semantics of this new language. So she invented a new term: call by object sharing.

When discussing languages that are technically call by value, but where common types in use are reference or pointer types (that is: nearly every modern imperative, object-oriented, or multi-paradigm programming language), I find it's a lot less confusing to simply avoid talking about call by value or call by reference. Stick to call by object sharing (or simply call by object) and nobody will be confused. :-)

As you are using C++, the obligatory suggestion that's still missing here, is to use std::vector<double>.

You can easily pass it by reference:

void foo(std::vector<double>& bar) {}

And if you have C++11 support, also have a look at std::array.

For reference:

• http://de.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/vector
• http://de.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/array

1. Primitive type variable like string,number are always pass as pass by value.

2. Array and Object is passed as pass by reference or pass by value based on these two condition.

   • if you are changing value of that Object or array with new Object or Array then it is pass by Value.

     object1 = {item: "car"}; array1=[1,2,3];

   here you are assigning new object or array to old one.you are not changing the value of property of old object.so it is pass by value.

   • if you are changing a property value of an object or array then it is pass by Reference.

     object1.item= "car"; array1[0]=9;

   here you are changing a property value of old object.you are not assigning new object or array to old one.so it is pass by reference.

Code

    function passVar(object1, object2, number1) {

        object1.key1= "laptop";
        object2 = {
            key2: "computer"
        };
        number1 = number1 + 1;
    }

    var object1 = {
        key1: "car"
    };
    var object2 = {
        key2: "bike"
    };
    var number1 = 10;

    passVar(object1, object2, number1);
    console.log(object1.key1);
    console.log(object2.key2);
    console.log(number1);

Output: -
    laptop
    bike
    10

The following is equivalent to your second code block:

var f = function () {
        //Some logic here...
    };

var fr = f;

fr(pars);

If you want to actually pass a reference to a function to some other function, you can do something like this:

function fiz(x, y, z) {
    return x + y + z;
}

// elsewhere...

function foo(fn, p, q, r) {
    return function () {
        return fn(p, q, r);
    }
}

// finally...

f = foo(fiz, 1, 2, 3);
f(); // returns 6

You're almost certainly better off using a framework for this sort of thing, though.

For anyone who comes across this in the future, I want to share this gem from the PHP docs, posted by an anonymous user:

There seems to be some confusion here. The distinction between pointers and references is not particularly helpful. The behavior in some of the "comprehensive" examples already posted can be explained in simpler unifying terms. Hayley's code, for example, is doing EXACTLY what you should expect it should. (Using >= 5.3)

First principle: A pointer stores a memory address to access an object. Any time an object is assigned, a pointer is generated. (I haven't delved TOO deeply into the Zend engine yet, but as far as I can see, this applies)

2nd principle, and source of the most confusion: Passing a variable to a function is done by default as a value pass, ie, you are working with a copy. "But objects are passed by reference!" A common misconception both here and in the Java world. I never said a copy OF WHAT. The default passing is done by value. Always. WHAT is being copied and passed, however, is the pointer. When using the "->", you will of course be accessing the same internals as the original variable in the caller function. Just using "=" will only play with copies.

3rd principle: "&" automatically and permanently sets another variable name/pointer to the same memory address as something else until you decouple them. It is correct to use the term "alias" here. Think of it as joining two pointers at the hip until forcibly separated with "unset()". This functionality exists both in the same scope and when an argument is passed to a function. Often the passed argument is called a "reference," due to certain distinctions between "passing by value" and "passing by reference" that were clearer in C and C++.

Just remember: pointers to objects, not objects themselves, are passed to functions. These pointers are COPIES of the original unless you use "&" in your parameter list to actually pass the originals. Only when you dig into the internals of an object will the originals change.

And here's the example they provide:

<?php

//The two are meant to be the same
$a = "Clark Kent"; //a==Clark Kent
$b = &$a; //The two will now share the same fate.

$b="Superman"; // $a=="Superman" too.
echo $a;
echo $a="Clark Kent"; // $b=="Clark Kent" too.
unset($b); // $b divorced from $a
$b="Bizarro";
echo $a; // $a=="Clark Kent" still, since $b is a free agent pointer now.

//The two are NOT meant to be the same.
$c="King";
$d="Pretender to the Throne";
echo $c."\n"; // $c=="King"
echo $d."\n"; // $d=="Pretender to the Throne"
swapByValue($c, $d);
echo $c."\n"; // $c=="King"
echo $d."\n"; // $d=="Pretender to the Throne"
swapByRef($c, $d);
echo $c."\n"; // $c=="Pretender to the Throne"
echo $d."\n"; // $d=="King"

function swapByValue($x, $y){
$temp=$x;
$x=$y;
$y=$temp;
//All this beautiful work will disappear
//because it was done on COPIES of pointers.
//The originals pointers still point as they did.
}

function swapByRef(&$x, &$y){
$temp=$x;
$x=$y;
$y=$temp;
//Note the parameter list: now we switched 'em REAL good.
}

?>

I wrote an extensive, detailed blog post on this subject for JavaScript, but I believe it applies equally well to PHP, C++, and any other language where people seem to be confused about pass by value vs. pass by reference.

Clearly, PHP, like C++, is a language that does support pass by reference. By default, objects are passed by value. When working with variables that store objects, it helps to see those variables as pointers (because that is fundamentally what they are, at the assembly level). If you pass a pointer by value, you can still "trace" the pointer and modify the properties of the object being pointed to. What you cannot do is have it point to a different object. Only if you explicitly declare a parameter as being passed by reference will you be able to do that.

1 ) Only the copy of reference is sent as a value to the formal parameter. When the formal parameter variable is assigned other value ,the formal parameter's reference changes but the actual parameter's reference remain the same incase of this integer object.

public class UnderstandingObjects {

public static void main(String[] args) {

    Integer actualParam = new Integer(10);

    changeValue(actualParam);

    System.out.println("Output " + actualParam); // o/p =10

    IntObj obj = new IntObj();

    obj.setVal(20);

    changeValue(obj);

    System.out.println(obj.a); // o/p =200

}

private static void changeValue(Integer formalParam) {

    formalParam = 100;

    // Only the copy of reference is set to the formal parameter
    // this is something like => Integer formalParam =new Integer(100);
    // Here we are changing the reference of formalParam itself not just the
    // reference value

}

private static void changeValue(IntObj obj) {
    obj.setVal(200);

    /*
     * obj = new IntObj(); obj.setVal(200);
     */
    // Here we are not changing the reference of obj. we are just changing the
    // reference obj's value

    // we are not doing obj = new IntObj() ; obj.setValue(200); which has happend
    // with the Integer

}

}

class IntObj { Integer a;

public void setVal(int a) {
    this.a = a;
}

}

I personally dislike the "pass by reference" functionality offered by various programming languages. Perhaps that's because I am just discovering the concepts of functional programming, but I always get goosebumps when I see functions that cause side effects (like manipulating parameters passed by reference). I personally strongly embrace the "single responsibility" principle.

IMHO, a function should return just one result/value using the return keyword. Instead of modifying a parameter/argument, I would just return the modified parameter/argument value and leave any desired reassignments up to the calling code.

But sometimes (hopefully very rarely), it is necessary to return two or more result values from the same function. In that case, I would opt to include all those resulting values in a single structure or object. Again, processing any reassignments should be up to the calling code.

Example:

Suppose passing parameters would be supported by using a special keyword like 'ref' in the argument list. My code might look something like this:

//The Function
function doSomething(ref value) {
    value = "Bar";
}

//The Calling Code
var value = "Foo";
doSomething(value);
console.log(value); //Bar

Instead, I would actually prefer to do something like this:

//The Function
function doSomething(value) {
    value = "Bar";
    return value;
}

//The Calling Code:
var value = "Foo";
value = doSomething(value); //Reassignment
console.log(value); //Bar

When I would need to write a function that returns multiple values, I would not use parameters passed by reference either. So I would avoid code like this:

//The Function
function doSomething(ref value) {
    value = "Bar";

    //Do other work
    var otherValue = "Something else";

    return otherValue;
}

//The Calling Code
var value = "Foo";
var otherValue = doSomething(value);
console.log(value); //Bar
console.log(otherValue); //Something else

Instead, I would actually prefer to return both new values inside an object, like this:

//The Function
function doSomething(value) {
    value = "Bar";

    //Do more work
    var otherValue = "Something else";

    return {
        value: value,
        otherValue: otherValue
    };
}

//The Calling Code:
var value = "Foo";
var result = doSomething(value);
value = result.value; //Reassignment
console.log(value); //Bar
console.log(result.otherValue);

These code examples are quite simplified, but it roughly demonstrates how I personally would handle such stuff. It helps me to keep various responsibilities in the correct place.

Happy coding. :)

Try this:

class Flonetwork(Object):
    def __init__(self,adj = {},flow={}):
        self.adj = adj
        self.flow = flow

I believe the best achievement for styling <hr> tag is as follow:

hr {
color:#ddd;
background-color:
#ddd; height:1px;
border:none;
max-width:100%;
}

And for the HTML code just add: <hr>.

About update#1, there are 2 problems :

• Number of days = 1 (d/MM/YYYY) instead of (dd/MM/YYYY)
• Empty date

here is the solution to avoid these problems :

jQuery.fn.dataTableExt.oSort['uk_date-asc'] = function (a, b) {
            var ukDatea = a.split('/');
            var ukDateb = b.split('/');

            //Date empty
             if (ukDatea[0] == "" || ukDateb[0] == "") return 1;

            //need to change Date (d/MM/YYYY) into Date (dd/MM/YYYY) 
            if(ukDatea[0]<10) ukDatea[0] = "0" + ukDatea[0]; 
            if(ukDateb[0]<10) ukDateb[0] = "0" + ukDateb[0];

            var x = (ukDatea[2] + ukDatea[1] + ukDatea[0]) * 1;
            var y = (ukDateb[2] + ukDateb[1] + ukDateb[0]) * 1;

            return ((x < y) ? -1 : ((x > y) ? 1 : 0));
        };

        //Sorting by Date 
        jQuery.fn.dataTableExt.oSort['uk_date-desc'] = function (a, b) {
            var ukDatea = a.split('/');
            var ukDateb = b.split('/');

             //Date empty
             if (ukDatea[0] == "" || ukDateb[0] == "") return 1;

            //MANDATORY to change Date (d/MM/YYYY) into Date (dd/MM/YYYY) 
            if(ukDatea[0]<10) ukDatea[0] = "0" + ukDatea[0]; 
            if(ukDateb[0]<10) ukDateb[0] = "0" + ukDateb[0];

            var x = (ukDatea[2] + ukDatea[1] + ukDatea[0]) * 1;
            var y = (ukDateb[2] + ukDateb[1] + ukDateb[0]) * 1;

            return ((x < y) ? 1 : ((x > y) ? -1 : 0));
        };

I have expanded the solution and combined it with another that I found to replace/update/remove the querystring parameters based on the users input and taking the urls anchor into consideration.

Not supplying a value will remove the parameter, supplying one will add/update the parameter. If no URL is supplied, it will be grabbed from window.location

function UpdateQueryString(key, value, url) {
    if (!url) url = window.location.href;
    var re = new RegExp("([?&])" + key + "=.*?(&|#|$)(.*)", "gi"),
        hash;

    if (re.test(url)) {
        if (typeof value !== 'undefined' && value !== null) {
            return url.replace(re, '$1' + key + "=" + value + '$2$3');
        } 
        else {
            hash = url.split('#');
            url = hash[0].replace(re, '$1$3').replace(/(&|\?)$/, '');
            if (typeof hash[1] !== 'undefined' && hash[1] !== null) {
                url += '#' + hash[1];
            }
            return url;
        }
    }
    else {
        if (typeof value !== 'undefined' && value !== null) {
            var separator = url.indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '&' : '?';
            hash = url.split('#');
            url = hash[0] + separator + key + '=' + value;
            if (typeof hash[1] !== 'undefined' && hash[1] !== null) {
                url += '#' + hash[1];
            }
            return url;
        }
        else {
            return url;
        }
    }
}

Update

There was a bug when removing the first parameter in the querystring, I have reworked the regex and test to include a fix.

Second Update

As suggested by @JarónBarends - Tweak value check to check against undefined and null to allow setting 0 values

Third Update

There was a bug where removing a querystring variable directly before a hashtag would lose the hashtag symbol which has been fixed

Fourth Update

Thanks @rooby for pointing out a regex optimization in the first RegExp object. Set initial regex to ([?&]) due to issue with using (\?|&) found by @YonatanKarni

Fifth Update

Removing declaring hash var in if/else statement

The suggested options of using to_utc or utc to fix the local time offset does not work. For me I found using Time.utc() worked correctly and the code involves less steps:

> Time.utc(2016, 12, 25).to_i
=> 1482624000 # correct

vs

> Date.new(2016, 12, 25).to_time.utc.to_i
=> 1482584400 # incorrect

Here is what happens when you call utc after using Date....

> Date.new(2016, 12, 25).to_time
=> 2016-12-25 00:00:00 +1100 # This will use your system's time offset
> Date.new(2016, 12, 25).to_time.utc
=> 2016-12-24 13:00:00 UTC

...so clearly calling to_i is going to give the wrong timestamp.

Swift 5 The easiest way to add permissions without having to do it programatically, is to open your info.plist file and select the + next to Information Property list. Scroll through the drop down list to the Privacy options and select Privacy Camera Usage Description for accessing camera, or Privacy Photo Library Usage Description for accessing the Photo Library. Fill in the String value on the right after you've made your selection, to include the text you would like displayed to your user when the alert pop up asks for permissions.

The beauty of the React Native is that it supports lots of JS libraries like Moment.js. Using moment.js would be a better/easier way to handle date/time instead coding from scratch

just run this in the terminal (yarn add moment also works if using React's built-in package manager):

npm install moment --save

And in your React Native js page:

import Moment from 'moment';

render(){
    Moment.locale('en');
    var dt = '2016-05-02T00:00:00';
    return(<View> {Moment(dt).format('d MMM')} </View>) //basically you can do all sorts of the formatting and others
}

You may check the moment.js official docs here https://momentjs.com/docs/

This link describes how you can add a progress event listener to the xhr object using jquery.

$.ajax({
    xhr: function() {
        var xhr = new window.XMLHttpRequest();

        // Upload progress
        xhr.upload.addEventListener("progress", function(evt){
            if (evt.lengthComputable) {
                var percentComplete = evt.loaded / evt.total;
                //Do something with upload progress
                console.log(percentComplete);
            }
       }, false);
       
       // Download progress
       xhr.addEventListener("progress", function(evt){
           if (evt.lengthComputable) {
               var percentComplete = evt.loaded / evt.total;
               // Do something with download progress
               console.log(percentComplete);
           }
       }, false);
       
       return xhr;
    },
    type: 'POST',
    url: "/",
    data: {},
    success: function(data){
        // Do something success-ish
    }
});

Might also be interesting for you to know that you can use:

{r echo=FALSE, results='hide',message=FALSE}
a<-as.numeric(rnorm(100))
hist(a, breaks=24)

to exclude all the commands you give, all the results it spits out and all message info being spit out by R (eg. after library(ggplot) or something)

You can use Record for this:

https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/utility-types.html#recordkt

Example (A mapping between AppointmentStatus enum and some meta data):

  const iconMapping: Record<AppointmentStatus, Icon> = {
    [AppointmentStatus.Failed]: { Name: 'calendar times', Color: 'red' },
    [AppointmentStatus.Canceled]: { Name: 'calendar times outline', Color: 'red' },
    [AppointmentStatus.Confirmed]: { Name: 'calendar check outline', Color: 'green' },
    [AppointmentStatus.Requested]: { Name: 'calendar alternate outline', Color: 'orange' },
    [AppointmentStatus.None]: { Name: 'calendar outline', Color: 'blue' }
  }

Now with interface as value:

interface Icon { Name: string Color: string }

Usage:

const icon: SemanticIcon = iconMapping[appointment.Status]

Very similar to peixe.
You don't have to mention the number if the variables you add as parameters are in order of appearance

f = open('{}.csv'.format(name), 'wb')

Another option - the f-string formatting (ref):

f = open(f"{name}.csv", 'wb') 

In my dimens.xml I have

<dimen name="test">48dp</dimen>

In code If I do

int valueInPixels = (int) getResources().getDimension(R.dimen.test)

this will return 72 which as docs state is multiplied by density of current phone (48dp x 1.5 in my case)

exactly as docs state :

Retrieve a dimensional for a particular resource ID. Unit conversions are based on the current DisplayMetrics associated with the resources.

so if you want exact dp value just as in xml just divide it with DisplayMetrics density

int dp = (int) (getResources().getDimension(R.dimen.test) / getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density)

dp will be 48 now

for china GFW:

sudo iptables -I INPUT -s 173.194.0.0/16 -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j DROP
sudo iptables -I INPUT -s 173.194.0.0/16 -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j LOG --log-prefix "drop rst"

sudo iptables -I INPUT -s 64.233.0.0/16 -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j DROP
sudo iptables -I INPUT -s 64.233.0.0/16 -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j LOG --log-prefix "drop rst"

sudo iptables -I INPUT -s 74.125.0.0/16 -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j DROP
sudo iptables -I INPUT -s 74.125.0.0/16 -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j LOG --log-prefix "drop rst"

Just use .empty():

// snip...
}).done(function (data) {
    // Clear drop down list
    $(dropdown).empty(); // <<<<<< No more issue here
    // Fill drop down list with new data
    $(data).each(function () {
        // snip...

There's also a more concise way to build up the options:

// snip...
$(data).each(function () {
    $("<option />", {
        val: this.value,
        text: this.text
    }).appendTo(dropdown);
});

That's an old question, I know. But, according to me, it is missing proper answer.

The actual / optimal workflow here would be to incorporate SVN's post-commit hook so it triggers Jenkins job after the actual commit is issued only, not in any other case. This way you avoid unneeded polls on your SCM system.

You may find the following links interesting:

• Jenkins Wiki's post-commit hook description on Subversion Plugin's doc-site. Here you find documented example of the script you are interested in.
• Hook-scripts contrib directory in the source of official Apache Foundation's Subversion's source control repository.
• Similar question on StackOverflow.

In case of my setup in the corp's SVN server, I utilize the following (censored) script as a post-commit hook on the subversion server side:

#!/bin/sh

# POST-COMMIT HOOK

REPOS="$1"
REV="$2"
#TXN_NAME="$3"
LOGFILE=/var/log/xxx/svn/xxx.post-commit.log

MSG=$(svnlook pg --revprop $REPOS svn:log -r$REV)
JENK="http://jenkins.xxx.com:8080/job/xxx/job/xxx/buildWithParameters?token=xxx&username=xxx&cause=xxx+r$REV"
JENKtest="http://jenkins.xxx.com:8080/view/all/job/xxx/job/xxxx/buildWithParameters?token=xxx&username=xxx&cause=xxx+r$REV"

echo post-commit $* >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

# trigger Jenkins job - xxx
svnlook changed $REPOS -r $REV | cut -d' ' -f4 | grep -qP "branches/xxx/xxx/Source"
if test 0 -eq $? ; then
        echo $(date) - $REPOS - $REV: >> $LOGFILE
        svnlook changed $REPOS -r $REV | cut -d' ' -f4 | grep -P "branches/xxx/xxx/Source" >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
        echo logmsg: $MSG >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
        echo curl -qs $JENK >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
        curl -qs $JENK >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
        echo -------- >> $LOGFILE
fi

# trigger Jenkins job - xxxx
svnlook changed $REPOS -r $REV | cut -d' ' -f4 | grep -qP "branches/xxx_TEST"
if test 0 -eq $? ; then
        echo $(date) - $REPOS - $REV: >> $LOGFILE
        svnlook changed $REPOS -r $REV | cut -d' ' -f4 | grep -P "branches/xxx_TEST" >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
        echo logmsg: $MSG >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
        echo curl -qs $JENKtest >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
        curl -qs $JENKtest >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
        echo -------- >> $LOGFILE
fi

exit 0

my rule of thumb is:

rebase for branches with the same name, merge otherwise.

examples for same names would be master, origin/master and otherRemote/master.

if develop exists only in the local repository, and it is always based on a recent origin/master commit, you should call it master, and work there directly. it simplifies your life, and presents things as they actually are: you are directly developing on the master branch.

if develop is shared, it should not be rebased on master, just merged back into it with --no-ff. you are developing on develop. master and develop have different names, because we want them to be different things, and stay separate. do not make them same with rebase.

This is a simple one line function using rtrim, save separator and decimal point :

function myFormat($num,$dec)
 {
 return rtrim(rtrim(number_format($num,$dec),'0'),'.');
 }

IN MAGENTO query in the database and fetch the result like. product id, product name and manufracturer with out using the product flat table use the eav catalog_product_entity and its attribute table product_id product_name manufacturer 1 | PRODUCTA | NOKIA 2 | PRODUCTB | SAMSUNG

If you are using vscode I would recommend you to click the option at the bottom-right of the window and set it to LF from CRLF..this fixed my errors

The question on itself is very much invalid. Forcing (by doing enable_seqscan=off for example) is very bad idea. It might be useful to check if it will be faster, but production code should never use such tricks.

Instead - do explain analyze of your query, read it, and find out why PostgreSQL chooses bad (in your opinion) plan.

There are tools on the web that help with reading explain analyze output - one of them is explain.depesz.com - written by me.

Another option is to join #postgresql channel on freenode irc network, and talking to guys there to help you out - as optimizing query is not a matter of "ask a question, get answer be happy". it's more like a conversation, with many things to check, many things to be learned.

Me, I'd do it something like this:

HTML:

onclick="myfunction({path:'/myController/myAction', ok:myfunctionOnOk, okArgs:['/myController2/myAction2','myParameter2'], cancel:myfunctionOnCancel, cancelArgs:['/myController3/myAction3','myParameter3']);"

JS:

function myfunction(params)
{
  var path = params.path;

  /* do stuff */

  // on ok condition 
  params.ok(params.okArgs);

  // on cancel condition
  params.cancel(params.cancelArgs);  
}

But then I'd also probable be binding a closure to a custom subscribed event. You need to add some detail to the question really, but being first-class functions are easily passable and getting params to them can be done any number of ways. I would avoid passing them as string labels though, the indirection is error prone.

O.K. after spending more time on this with the help of this SO post

Overcoming "Display forbidden by X-Frame-Options"

I managed to solve the issue by adding &output=embed to the end of the url before posting to the google URL:

var url = data.url + "&output=embed";
window.location.replace(url);

Use word: using. A good habit of programming.

using (TcpClient tcpClient = new TcpClient())
{
     //operations
     tcpClient.Close();
}

Well you can do this by going to the interpreter's dialogue box. Click on the interpreter that you are using, and underneath it, you should see two tabs, one called Packages, and the other called Path.

Click on Path, and add your VM path to it.

We are doing ...

ENV http_proxy http://9.9.9.9:9999
ENV https_proxy http://9.9.9.9:9999

and at end of dockerfile ...

ENV http_proxy ""
ENV https_proxy ""

This, for now (until docker introduces build env vars), allows the proxy env vars to be used for the build ONLY without exposing them

The alternative to solution is NOT to build your images locally behind a proxy but to let docker build your images for you using docker "automated builds". Since docker is not building the images behind your proxy the problem is solved. An example of an automated build is available at ...

https://github.com/danday74/docker-nginx-lua (GITHUB repo)

https://registry.hub.docker.com/u/danday74/nginx-lua (DOCKER repo which is watching the github repo using an automated build and doing a docker build on a push to the github master branch)

FYI for those using the UI Navicat:

You MUST set your preferences to utilize a file as to where to store the history.

If this is blank your Navicat will be blank.

PS: I have no affiliation with or in association to Navicat or it's affiliates. Just looking to help.

Console.Write("\b \b"); will delete the asterisk character from the screen, but you do not have any code within your else block that removes the previously entered character from your pass string variable.

Here's the relevant working code that should do what you require:

var pass = string.Empty;
ConsoleKey key;
do
{
    var keyInfo = Console.ReadKey(intercept: true);
    key = keyInfo.Key;

    if (key == ConsoleKey.Backspace && pass.Length > 0)
    {
        Console.Write("\b \b");
        pass = pass[0..^1];
    }
    else if (!char.IsControl(keyInfo.KeyChar))
    {
        Console.Write("*");
        pass += keyInfo.KeyChar;
    }
} while (key != ConsoleKey.Enter);

Next time, use a single "alter table" statement to update the primary key.

alter table xx drop primary key, add primary key(k1, k2, k3);

To fix things:

create table fixit (user_2, user_1, type, timestamp, n, primary key( user_2, user_1, type) );
lock table fixit write, user_interactions u write, user_interactions write;

insert into fixit 
select user_2, user_1, type, max(timestamp), count(*) n from user_interactions u 
group by user_2, user_1, type
having n > 1;

delete u from user_interactions u, fixit 
where fixit.user_2 = u.user_2 
  and fixit.user_1 = u.user_1 
  and fixit.type = u.type 
  and fixit.timestamp != u.timestamp;

alter table user_interactions add primary key (user_2, user_1, type );

unlock tables;

The lock should stop further updates coming in while your are doing this. How long this takes obviously depends on the size of your table.

The main problem is if you have some duplicates with the same timestamp.

I've tried sean662's 3rd solution and worked with now() function stored in an INSERT sql an then it's value in the date_create() function. After that the variable is then passed through the date_format() function and you can have the date order that you like.

An overkill approach: in inline css in the div did the trick:

style="margin:0 auto;
margin-left:auto;
margin-right:auto;
align:center;
text-align:center;"

Centers like a charm!

The following two lines are functionally equivalent:

int foo (int a);
int foo (const int a);

Obviously you won't be able to modify a in the body of foo if it's defined the second way, but there's no difference from the outside.

Where const really comes in handy is with reference or pointer parameters:

int foo (const BigStruct &a);
int foo (const BigStruct *a);

What this says is that foo can take a large parameter, perhaps a data structure that's gigabytes in size, without copying it. Also, it says to the caller, "Foo won't* change the contents of that parameter." Passing a const reference also allows the compiler to make certain performance decisions.

*: Unless it casts away the const-ness, but that's another post.

To get last inserted id in codeigniter After executing insert query just use one function called insert_id() on database, it will return last inserted id

Ex:

$this->db->insert('mytable',$data);
echo $this->db->insert_id(); //returns last inserted id

in one line

echo $this->db->insert('mytable',$data)->insert_id();

Spring is moving away from XML files and uses annotations heavily. The following example is a simple standalone Spring application which uses annotation instead of XML files.

package com.zetcode.bean;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Message {

   private String message = "Hello there!";

   public void setMessage(String message){

      this.message  = message;
   }

   public String getMessage(){

      return message;
   }
}

This is a simple bean. It is decorated with the @Component annotation for auto-detection by Spring container.

package com.zetcode.main;

import com.zetcode.bean.Message;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.zetcode")
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ApplicationContext context
                = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Application.class);

        Application p = context.getBean(Application.class);
        p.start();
    }

    @Autowired
    private Message message;
    private void start() {
        System.out.println("Message: " + message.getMessage());
    }
}

This is the main Application class. The @ComponentScan annotation searches for components. The @Autowired annotation injects the bean into the message variable. The AnnotationConfigApplicationContext is used to create the Spring application context.

My Standalone Spring tutorial shows how to create a standalone Spring application with both XML and annotations.

1. PSYoungGen refers to the garbage collector in use for the minor collection. PS stands for Parallel Scavenge.
2. The first set of numbers are the before/after sizes of the young generation and the second set are for the entire heap. (Diagnosing a Garbage Collection problem details the format)
3. The name indicates the generation and collector in question, the second set are for the entire heap.

An example of an associated full GC also shows the collectors used for the old and permanent generations:

3.757: [Full GC [PSYoungGen: 2672K->0K(35584K)] 
            [ParOldGen: 3225K->5735K(43712K)] 5898K->5735K(79296K) 
            [PSPermGen: 13533K->13516K(27584K)], 0.0860402 secs]

Finally, breaking down one line of your example log output:

8109.128: [GC [PSYoungGen: 109884K->14201K(139904K)] 691015K->595332K(1119040K), 0.0454530 secs]

• 107Mb used before GC, 14Mb used after GC, max young generation size 137Mb
• 675Mb heap used before GC, 581Mb heap used after GC, 1Gb max heap size
• minor GC occurred 8109.128 seconds since the start of the JVM and took 0.04 seconds

Use like this:

when(
  fooDao.getBar(
    Matchers.<Bazoo>any()
  )
).thenReturn(myFoo);

Before you need to import Mockito.Matchers

Another sneaky issue related to this is naming your columns with - instead of _.

Something like this will trigger an error at the moment your tables are getting created.

@Column(name="verification-token")

Use the wildcard "#" but beware that at some point you will have to somehow understand the data passing through the bus!

You need a semicolon after font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif. This will make your updated code the following:

<!DOCTYPE>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>DIV Font</title>

        <style>
            .my_text
            {
                font-family:    Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
                font-size:      40px;
                font-weight:    bold;
            }
        </style>
    </head>

    <body>
        <div class="my_text">some text</div>
    </body>
</html>

To restate what I think the OP's question really is:

If I'm building an application principally in Angular 1.x, and (implicitly) doing so in the era of Grunt/Gulp/Broccoli and Bower/NPM, and I maybe have a couple additional library dependencies, does Require add clear, specific value beyond what I get by using Angular without Require?

Or, put another way:

"Does vanilla Angular need Require to manage basic Angular component-loading effectively, if I have other ways of handling basic script-loading?"

And I believe the basic answer to that is: "not unless you've got something else going on, and/or you're unable to use newer, more modern tools."

Let's be clear at the outset: RequireJS is a great tool that solved some very important problems, and started us down the road that we're on, toward more scalable, more professional Javascript applications. Importantly, it was the first time many people encountered the concept of modularization and of getting things out of global scope. So, if you're going to build a Javascript application that needs to scale, then Require and the AMD pattern are not bad tools for doing that.

But, is there anything particular about Angular that makes Require/AMD a particularly good fit? No. In fact, Angular provides you with its own modularization and encapsulation pattern, which in many ways renders redundant the basic modularization features of AMD. And, integrating Angular modules into the AMD pattern is not impossible, but it's a bit... finicky. You'll definitely be spending time getting the two patterns to integrate nicely.

For some perspective from the Angular team itself, there's this, from Brian Ford, author of the Angular Batarang and now a member of the Angular core team:

I don't recommend using RequireJS with AngularJS. Although it's certainly possible, I haven't seen any instance where RequireJS was beneficial in practice.

So, on the very specific question of AngularJS: Angular and Require/AMD are orthogonal, and in places overlapping. You can use them together, but there's no reason specifically related to the nature/patterns of Angular itself.

But what about basic management of internal and external dependencies for scalable Javascript applications? Doesn't Require do something really critical for me there?

I recommend checking out Bower and NPM, and particularly NPM. I'm not trying to start a holy war about the comparative benefits of these tools. I merely want to say: there are other ways to skin that cat, and those ways may be even better than AMD/Require. (They certainly have much more popular momentum in late-2015, particularly NPM, combined with ES6 or CommonJS modules. See related SO question.)

What about lazy-loading?

Note that lazy-loading and lazy-downloading are different. Angular's lazy-loading doesn't mean you're pulling them direct from the server. In a Yeoman-style application with javascript automation, you're concatenating and minifying the whole shebang together into a single file. They're present, but not executed/instantiated until needed. The speed and bandwidth improvements you get from doing this vastly, vastly outweigh any alleged improvements from lazy-downloading a particular 20-line controller. In fact, the wasted network latency and transmission overhead for that controller is going to be an order of magnitude greater than the size of the controller itself.

But let's say you really do need lazy-downloading, perhaps for infrequently-used pieces of your application, such as an admin interface. That's a very legitimate case. Require can indeed do that for you. But there are also many other, potentially more flexible options that accomplish the same thing. And Angular 2.0 will apparently take care of this for us, built-in to the router. (Details.)

But what about during development on my local dev boxen?

How can I get all my dozens/hundreds of script files loaded without needing to attach them all to index.html manually?

Have a look at the sub-generators in Yeoman's generator-angular, or at the automation patterns embodied in generator-gulp-angular, or at the standard Webpack automation for React. These provide you a clean, scalable way to either: automatically attach the files at the time that components are scaffolded, or to simply grab them all automatically if they are present in certain folders/match certain glob-patterns. You never again need to think about your own script-loading once you've got the latter options.

Bottom-line?

Require is a great tool, for certain things. But go with the grain whenever possible, and separate your concerns whenever possible. Let Angular worry about Angular's own modularization pattern, and consider using ES6 modules or CommonJS as a general modularization pattern. Let modern automation tools worry about script-loading and dependency-management. And take care of async lazy-loading in a granular way, rather than by tangling it up with the other two concerns.

That said, if you're developing Angular apps but can't install Node on your machine to use Javascript automation tools for some reason, then Require may be a good alternate solution. And I've seen really elaborate setups where people want to dynamically load Angular components that each declare their own dependencies or something. And while I'd probably try to solve that problem another way, I can see the merits of the idea, for that very particular situation.

But otherwise... when starting from scratch with a new Angular application and flexibility to create a modern automation environment... you've got a lot of other, more flexible, more modern options.

(Updated repeatedly to keep up with the evolving JS scene.)

In addition to other answers, one reason Python and most other multi-paradigm languages are not well suited for true functional programming is because their compilers / virtual machines / run-times do not support functional optimization. This sort of optimization is achieved by the compiler understanding mathematical rules. For example, many programming languages support a map function or method. This is a fairly standard function that takes a function as one argument and a iterable as the second argument then applies that function to each element in the iterable.

Anyways it turns out that map( foo() , x ) * map( foo(), y ) is the same as map( foo(), x * y ). The latter case is actually faster than the former because the former performs two copies where the latter performs one.

Better functional languages recognize these mathematically based relationships and automatically perform the optimization. Languages that aren't dedicated to the functional paradigm will likely not optimize.

Best way to do it is by using the following format:

new Date(year, month, day, hours, minutes, seconds, milliseconds)
var d = new Date(2018, 11, 24, 10, 33, 30, 0);

This is supported in all browsers and will not give you any issues. Please note that the months are written from 0 to 11.

If you want to create new component without .spec file, you can use

ng g c component-name --spec false

You can find these options using ng g c --help

We can use versionKey: false in Schema definition

'use strict';

const mongoose = require('mongoose');

export class Account extends mongoose.Schema {

    constructor(manager) {

        var trans = {
            tran_date: Date,
            particulars: String,
            debit: Number,
            credit: Number,
            balance: Number
        }

        super({
            account_number: Number,
            account_name: String,
            ifsc_code: String,
            password: String,
            currency: String,
            balance: Number,
            beneficiaries: Array,
            transaction: [trans]
        }, {
            versionKey: false // set to false then it wont create in mongodb
        });

        this.pre('remove', function(next) {
            manager
                .getModel(BENEFICIARY_MODEL)
                .remove({
                    _id: {
                        $in: this.beneficiaries
                    }
                })
                .exec();
            next();
        });
    }

}

In Swift 3, 4, 5:

button.setTitle("Button Title", for: .normal)

Otherwise:

button.setTitle("Button Title", forState: UIControlState.Normal)

Also an @IBOutlet has to declared for the button.

DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString().ToString()

This Will give you DateTime as 10:50PM

For windows machine (I'm on windows 10), if CTRL + C (Cancel/Abort) Command on cli doesn't work, and the screen shows up like this:

Try to hit ENTER first (or any key would do) and then CTRL + C and the current process would ask if you want to terminate the batch job:

Perhaps CTRL+C only terminates the parent process while npm start runs with other child processes. Quite unsure why you have to hit that extra key though prior to CTRL+ C, but it works better than having to close the command line and start again.

A related issue you might want to check: https://github.com/mysticatea/npm-run-all/issues/74

I know this is an old thread but I just wanted to add a little as the marked solution didn't solve the problem for me (although I tried many times).

The only way I could actually stop git form tracking the folder was to do the following:

1. Make a backup of the local folder and put in a safe place.
2. Delete the folder from your local repo
3. Make sure cache is cleared git rm -r --cached your_folder/
4. Add your_folder/ to .gitignore
5. Commit changes
6. Add the backup back into your repo

You should now see that the folder is no longer tracked.

Don't ask me why just clearing the cache didn't work for me, I am not a Git super wizard but this is how I solved the issue.

You can use or_where() for that - example from the CI docs:

$this->db->where('name !=', $name);

$this->db->or_where('id >', $id); 

// Produces: WHERE name != 'Joe' OR id > 50

just look at cv2.randu() or cv.randn(), it's all pretty similar to matlab already, i guess.

let's play a bit ;) :

import cv2
import numpy as np

>>> im = np.empty((5,5), np.uint8) # needs preallocated input image
>>> im
array([[248, 168,  58,   2,   1],  # uninitialized memory counts as random, too ?  fun ;) 
       [  0, 100,   2,   0, 101],
       [  0,   0, 106,   2,   0],
       [131,   2,   0,  90,   3],
       [  0, 100,   1,   0,  83]], dtype=uint8)
>>> im = np.zeros((5,5), np.uint8) # seriously now.
>>> im
array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
       [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
       [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
       [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
       [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]], dtype=uint8)
>>> cv2.randn(im,(0),(99))         # normal
array([[  0,  76,   0, 129,   0],
       [  0,   0,   0, 188,  27],
       [  0, 152,   0,   0,   0],
       [  0,   0, 134,  79,   0],
       [  0, 181,  36, 128,   0]], dtype=uint8)
>>> cv2.randu(im,(0),(99))         # uniform
array([[19, 53,  2, 86, 82],
       [86, 73, 40, 64, 78],
       [34, 20, 62, 80,  7],
       [24, 92, 37, 60, 72],
       [40, 12, 27, 33, 18]], dtype=uint8)

to apply it to an existing image, just generate noise in the desired range, and add it:

img = ...
noise = ...

image = img + noise

My scenario is when the user strikes the enter key while typing in textarea i have to include a line break.I achieved this using the below code......Hope it may helps somebody......

function CheckLength()
{
    var keyCode = event.keyCode
    if (keyCode == 13)
    {
        document.getElementById('ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_id_txt_Suggestions').value = document.getElementById('ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_id_txt_Suggestions').value + "\n<br>";
    }
}

Check the Java API for List.
The get(int index) method is declared to throw only the IndexOutOfBoundException which extends RuntimeException.
You are trying to tell Mockito to throw an exception SomeException() that is not valid to be thrown by that particular method call.

To clarify further.
The List interface does not provide for a checked Exception to be thrown from the get(int index) method and that is why Mockito is failing.
When you create the mocked List, Mockito will use the definition of List.class to creates its mock.

The behavior you are specifying with the when(list.get(0)).thenThrow(new SomeException()) doesn't match the method signature in List API, because get(int index) method does not throw SomeException() so Mockito fails.

If you really want to do this, then have Mockito throw a new RuntimeException() or even better throw a new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException() since the API specifies that that is the only valid Exception to be thrown.

In case that the ignored file kept showing up in the untracked list, you may use git clean -f -d to clear things up.

1.

git rm --cached {YourProjectFolderName}.xcodeproj/project.xcworkspace/xcuserdata/{yourUserName}.xcuserdatad/UserInterfaceState.xcuserstate

2.

git commit -m "Removed file that shouldn't be tracked"

3. WARNING first try git clean -f -d --dry-run, otherwise you may lose uncommited changes.

Then: git clean -f -d

You could also invoke the new command feature of Terminal by pressing the Shift + ? + N key combination. The command you put into the box will be run in a new Terminal window.

What I do is to call the N lines using pandas. I think the performance is not the best, but for example if N=1000:

import pandas as pd
yourfile = pd.read_csv('path/to/your/file.csv',nrows=1000)

Click on the error message displaying "Unbound classpath container: 'JRE System Library[jdk1.5.0_08]", left click anyd choose quick fix. Under quick, list of possible options will get displated. Choose replace library. Choose the library you installed. Your good to go.

Beside of one view model in asp.net you can also make multiple partial views and assign different model view to every view, for example:

   @{
        Layout = null;
    }

    @model Person;

    <input type="text" asp-for="PersonID" />
    <input type="text" asp-for="PersonName" />

then another partial view Model for order model

    @{
        Layout = null;
     }

    @model Order;

    <input type="text" asp-for="OrderID" />
    <input type="text" asp-for="TotalSum" />

then in your main view load both partial view by

<partial name="PersonPartialView" />
<partial name="OrderPartialView" />

If this example can help, adds a "custom confirm popin" on some links (I keep the code of "$.ui.Modal.confirm", it's just an exemple for the callback that executes the original action) :

//Register "custom confirm popin" on click on specific links
$(document).on(
    "click", 
    "A.confirm", 
    function(event){
        //prevent default click action
        event.preventDefault();
        //show "custom confirm popin"
        $.ui.Modal.confirm(
            //popin text
            "Do you confirm ?", 
            //action on click 'ok'
            function() {
                //Unregister handler (prevent loop)
                $(document).off("click", "A.confirm");
                //Do default click action
                $(event.target)[0].click();
            }
        );
    }
);

When you are running a python script on windows in subprocess you should use python in front of the script name. Try:

process = subprocess.Popen("python /the/script.py")

To get an image from a URL we can use the following code:

ImageIcon imgThisImg = new ImageIcon(PicURL));

jLabel2.setIcon(imgThisImg);

It totally works for me. The PicUrl is a string variable which strores the url of the picture.

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    double x=54.999999999999943157;
    int y=ceil(x);//The ceil() function returns the smallest integer no less than x
    return 0;
}

You need to iterate both the groups and the items. $.each() takes a collection as first parameter and data.response.venue.tips.groups.items.text tries to point to a string. Both groups and items are arrays.

Verbose version:

$.getJSON(url, function (data) {

    // Iterate the groups first.
    $.each(data.response.venue.tips.groups, function (index, value) {

        // Get the items
        var items = this.items; // Here 'this' points to a 'group' in 'groups'

        // Iterate through items.
        $.each(items, function () {
            console.log(this.text); // Here 'this' points to an 'item' in 'items'
        });
    });
});

Or more simply:

$.getJSON(url, function (data) {
    $.each(data.response.venue.tips.groups, function (index, value) {
        $.each(this.items, function () {
            console.log(this.text);
        });
    });
});

In the JSON you specified, the last one would be:

$.getJSON(url, function (data) {
    // Get the 'items' from the first group.
    var items = data.response.venue.tips.groups[0].items;

    // Find the last index and the last item.
    var lastIndex = items.length - 1;
    var lastItem = items[lastIndex];

    console.log("User: " + lastItem.user.firstName + " " + lastItem.user.lastName);
    console.log("Date: " + lastItem.createdAt);
    console.log("Text: " + lastItem.text);
});

This would give you:

User: Damir P.
Date: 1314168377
Text: ajd da vidimo hocu li znati ponoviti

You can insert script to HTML like in any other (non-PHP) page, PHP processes it like any other code:

<button id="butt">
  ? Click ME! ?
</button>

<script>
    document.getElementById("butt").onclick = function () {
        alert("Message");
    }
</script>

You can use onSOMETHING attributes:

<button onclick="alert('Message')">Button</button>

To generate message in PHP, use json_encode function (it can convert to JavaScript everything that can be expressed in JSON — arrays, objects, strings, …):

<?php $message = "Your message variable"; ?>

<button onclick="alert(<?=htmlspecialchars(json_encode($message), ENT_QUOTES)?>)">Click me!</button>

If you generate code for <script> tags, do NOT use htmlspecialchars or similar function:

<?php $var = "Test string"; ?>

<button id="butt">Button</button>

<script>
    document.getElementById("butt").onclick = function () {
        alert(<?=json_encode($var)?>);
    }
</script>

You can generate whole JavaScript files, not only JavaScript embedded into HTML. You still have to name them with .php extension (like script.php). Just send the correct header.

script.php – The JavaScript file

<?php header("Content-Type: application/javascript"); /* This meant the file can be used in script tag */ ?>

<?php $var = "Message"; ?>

document.getElementById("butt").onclick = function () {
    alert(<?=json_encode($var)?>);
}

index.html – Example page that uses script.php

<!doctype html>
<html lang=en>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <title>Page title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <button id="butt">
            BUTTON
        </button>

        <script src="script.js"></script>
    </body>
</html>

Another option would be:

SELECT * FROM [Village] WHERE PATINDEX('foo', [CastleType]) <> 0

I figured it this way:

* { padding: 0; margin: 0 }
body { height: 100%; white-space: nowrap }
html { height: 100% }

.red { background: red }
.blue { background: blue }
.yellow { background: yellow }

.header { width: 100%; height: 10%; position: fixed }
.wrapper { width: 1000%; height: 100%; background: green }
.page { width: 10%; height: 100%; float: left }

<div class="header red"></div>
<div class="wrapper">
    <div class="page yellow"></div>
    <div class="page blue"></div>
    <div class="page yellow"></div>
    <div class="page blue"></div>
    <div class="page yellow"></div>
    <div class="page blue"></div>
    <div class="page yellow"></div>
    <div class="page blue"></div>
    <div class="page yellow"></div>
    <div class="page blue"></div>
</div>

I have the wrapper at 1000% and ten pages at 10% each. I set mine up to still have "pages" with each being 100% of the window (color coded). You can do eight pages with an 800% wrapper. I guess you can leave out the colors and have on continues page. I also set up a fixed header, but that's not necessary. Hope this helps.

Dear olga is clear what the message says. Turn off the custom errors to see the details about this error for fix it, and then you close them back. So add mode="off" as:

<configuration>
    <system.web>
        <customErrors mode="Off"/>
    </system.web>
</configuration>

Relative answer: Deploying website: 500 - Internal server error

By the way: The error message declare that the web.config is not the one you type it here. Maybe you have forget to upload your web.config ? And remember to close the debug flag on the web.config that you use for online pages.

I've updated polkovnikov.ph solution to React 16 / ES6 with enhancements like touch handling and snapping to a grid which is what I need for a game. Snapping to a grid alleviates the performance issues.

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import PropTypes from 'prop-types';

class Draggable extends React.Component {
    constructor(props) {
        super(props);
        this.state = {
            relX: 0,
            relY: 0,
            x: props.x,
            y: props.y
        };
        this.gridX = props.gridX || 1;
        this.gridY = props.gridY || 1;
        this.onMouseDown = this.onMouseDown.bind(this);
        this.onMouseMove = this.onMouseMove.bind(this);
        this.onMouseUp = this.onMouseUp.bind(this);
        this.onTouchStart = this.onTouchStart.bind(this);
        this.onTouchMove = this.onTouchMove.bind(this);
        this.onTouchEnd = this.onTouchEnd.bind(this);
    }

    static propTypes = {
        onMove: PropTypes.func,
        onStop: PropTypes.func,
        x: PropTypes.number.isRequired,
        y: PropTypes.number.isRequired,
        gridX: PropTypes.number,
        gridY: PropTypes.number
    }; 

    onStart(e) {
        const ref = ReactDOM.findDOMNode(this.handle);
        const body = document.body;
        const box = ref.getBoundingClientRect();
        this.setState({
            relX: e.pageX - (box.left + body.scrollLeft - body.clientLeft),
            relY: e.pageY - (box.top + body.scrollTop - body.clientTop)
        });
    }

    onMove(e) {
        const x = Math.trunc((e.pageX - this.state.relX) / this.gridX) * this.gridX;
        const y = Math.trunc((e.pageY - this.state.relY) / this.gridY) * this.gridY;
        if (x !== this.state.x || y !== this.state.y) {
            this.setState({
                x,
                y
            });
            this.props.onMove && this.props.onMove(this.state.x, this.state.y);
        }        
    }

    onMouseDown(e) {
        if (e.button !== 0) return;
        this.onStart(e);
        document.addEventListener('mousemove', this.onMouseMove);
        document.addEventListener('mouseup', this.onMouseUp);
        e.preventDefault();
    }

    onMouseUp(e) {
        document.removeEventListener('mousemove', this.onMouseMove);
        document.removeEventListener('mouseup', this.onMouseUp);
        this.props.onStop && this.props.onStop(this.state.x, this.state.y);
        e.preventDefault();
    }

    onMouseMove(e) {
        this.onMove(e);
        e.preventDefault();
    }

    onTouchStart(e) {
        this.onStart(e.touches[0]);
        document.addEventListener('touchmove', this.onTouchMove, {passive: false});
        document.addEventListener('touchend', this.onTouchEnd, {passive: false});
        e.preventDefault();
    }

    onTouchMove(e) {
        this.onMove(e.touches[0]);
        e.preventDefault();
    }

    onTouchEnd(e) {
        document.removeEventListener('touchmove', this.onTouchMove);
        document.removeEventListener('touchend', this.onTouchEnd);
        this.props.onStop && this.props.onStop(this.state.x, this.state.y);
        e.preventDefault();
    }

    render() {
        return <div
            onMouseDown={this.onMouseDown}
            onTouchStart={this.onTouchStart}
            style={{
                position: 'absolute',
                left: this.state.x,
                top: this.state.y,
                touchAction: 'none'
            }}
            ref={(div) => { this.handle = div; }}
        >
            {this.props.children}
        </div>;
    }
}

export default Draggable;

Here's a rotation generator which doesn't need to make a warped copy of the input sequence ... may be useful if the input sequence is much larger than 7 items.

>>> def rotated_sequence(seq, start_index):
...     n = len(seq)
...     for i in xrange(n):
...         yield seq[(i + start_index) % n]
...
>>> s = 'su m tu w th f sa'.split()
>>> list(rotated_sequence(s, s.index('m')))
['m', 'tu', 'w', 'th', 'f', 'sa', 'su']
>>>

In Java 8, you can read a whole file, simply with:

public String read(String file) throws IOException {
  return new String(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(file)));
}

or if its a Resource:

public String read(String file) throws IOException {
  URL url = Resources.getResource(file);
  return Resources.toString(url, Charsets.UTF_8);
}

In front-end JavaScript/HTML, you can load a binary file as an image, you do not have to convert to base64:

<img src="http://engci.nabisco.com/artifactory/repo/folder/my-image">

my-image is a binary image file. This will load just fine.

Like this:

numrows = len(input)    # 3 rows in your example
numcols = len(input[0]) # 2 columns in your example

Assuming that all the sublists have the same length (that is, it's not a jagged array).

I needed to convert a specific PDF to plain text within a python module. I used PDFMiner 20110515, after reading through their pdf2txt.py tool I wrote this simple snippet:

from cStringIO import StringIO
from pdfminer.pdfinterp import PDFResourceManager, process_pdf
from pdfminer.converter import TextConverter
from pdfminer.layout import LAParams

def to_txt(pdf_path):
    input_ = file(pdf_path, 'rb')
    output = StringIO()

    manager = PDFResourceManager()
    converter = TextConverter(manager, output, laparams=LAParams())
    process_pdf(manager, converter, input_)

    return output.getvalue() 

I think there is not similar function like data.shape in Spark. But I will use len(data.columns) rather than len(data.dtypes)

To get the top five most common names:

dataframe['name'].value_counts().head()

First, you don't declare the type in Ruby, so you don't need the first string.

To replace a word in string, you do: sentence.gsub(/match/, "replacement").

For sub-objects, ReadSubtree() gives you an xml-reader limited to the sub-objects, but I really think that you are doing this the hard way. Unless you have very specific requirements for handling unusual / unpredicatable xml, use XmlSerializer (perhaps coupled with sgen.exe if you really want).

XmlReader is... tricky. Contrast to:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
public class ApplicationPool {
    private readonly List<Account> accounts = new List<Account>();
    public List<Account> Accounts {get{return accounts;}}
}
public class Account {
    public string NameOfKin {get;set;}
    private readonly List<Statement> statements = new List<Statement>();
    public List<Statement> StatementsAvailable {get{return statements;}}
}
public class Statement {}
static class Program {
    static void Main() {
        XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ApplicationPool));
        ser.Serialize(Console.Out, new ApplicationPool {
            Accounts = { new Account { NameOfKin = "Fred",
                StatementsAvailable = { new Statement {}, new Statement {}}}}
        });
    }
}

The problem is indeed the register key that is missing. It can be created manually

OR

it can be created automagically by running the program as administrator once. That will give the program the permissions required, and when it will be ran as normal it will still work correctly.

It seems that you are using the 64-bit version of the tool to install a 32-bit/x86 architecture application. Look for the 32-bit version of the tool here:

C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319

and it should install your 32-bit application just fine.

to remove the border , juste using css like this :

td {
 border-style : hidden!important;
}

I've accepted Fredriks answer as it appears to solve the problem with the least amount of effort however the Request object doesn't appear to conatin the ResolveUrl method. This can be accessed through the Page object or an Image control object:

myImage.ImageUrl = Page.ResolveUrl(photoURL);
myImage.ImageUrl = myImage.ResolveUrl(photoURL);

An alternative, if you are using a static class as I am, is to use the VirtualPathUtility:

myImage.ImageUrl = VirtualPathUtility.ToAbsolute(photoURL);

Use this Format as per your requirements:

{
    "address": "colombo",
    "username": "hesh",
    "password": "123",
    "registetedDate": "2015-4-3",
    "firstname": "hesh",
    "contactNo": "07762",
    "accountNo": "16161",
    "lastName": "jay"
    "arrayOneName" : [
        {
            "Id" : 1,
            "Employee" : "EmpOne", 
            "Deptartment" : "HR"
        },
        {
            "Id" : 2,
            "Employee" : "EmpTwo",
            "Deptartment" : "IT"
        },
        {
            "Id" : 3,
            "Employee" : "EmpThree",
            "Deptartment" : "Sales"
        }
    ],
    "arrayTwoName": [
        {
            "Product": "3",
            "Price": "6790"
        }
    ],
    "arrayThreeName" : [
        "name1", "name2", "name3", "name4" // For Strings
    ],
    "arrayFourName" : [
        1, 2, 3, 4 // For Numbers
    ]

}

Remember to use this in POST with proper endpoint. Also, RAW selected and JSON(application/json) in Body Tab.

Like THIS:

Update 1:

I don't think multiple @RequestBody is allowed or possible.

@RequestBody parameter must have the entire body of the request and bind that to only one object.

You have to use something like Wrapper Object for this to work.

The list() function ^[docs] will convert a string into a list of single-character strings.

>>> list('hello')
['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']

Even without converting them to lists, strings already behave like lists in several ways. For example, you can access individual characters (as single-character strings) using brackets:

>>> s = "hello"
>>> s[1]
'e'
>>> s[4]
'o'

You can also loop over the characters in the string as you can loop over the elements of a list:

>>> for c in 'hello':
...     print c + c,
... 
hh ee ll ll oo

#testDiv{
    /* set green border independently on each side */
    border-left: solid green 2px;
    border-right: solid green 2px;
    border-bottom: solid green 2px;
    border-top: solid green 2px;
}

Here the passage from the MSDN:

When you specify a PRIMARY KEY constraint for a table, the Database Engine enforces data uniqueness by creating a unique index for the primary key columns. This index also permits fast access to data when the primary key is used in queries. Therefore, the primary keys that are chosen must follow the rules for creating unique indexes.

TempData will be always available until first read, once you read it its not available any more can be useful to pass quick message also to view that will be gone after first read. ViewBag Its more useful when passing quickly piece of data to the view, normally you should pass all data to the view through model , but there is cases when you model coming direct from class that is map into database like entity framework in that case you don't what to change you model to pass a new piece of data, you can stick that into the viewbag ViewData is just indexed version of ViewBag and was used before MVC3

A hacky way of printing a backslash that doesn't involve escaping is to pass its character code to chr:

>>> print(chr(92))
\

Java has 5 different boolean compare operators: &, &&, |, ||, ^

& and && are "and" operators, | and || "or" operators, ^ is "xor"

The single ones will check every parameter, regardless of the values, before checking the values of the parameters. The double ones will first check the left parameter and its value and if true (||) or false (&&) leave the second one untouched. Sound compilcated? An easy example should make it clear:

Given for all examples:

 String aString = null;

AND:

 if (aString != null & aString.equals("lala"))

Both parameters are checked before the evaluation is done and a NullPointerException will be thrown for the second parameter.

 if (aString != null && aString.equals("lala"))

The first parameter is checked and it returns false, so the second paramter won't be checked, because the result is false anyway.

The same for OR:

 if (aString == null | !aString.equals("lala"))

Will raise NullPointerException, too.

 if (aString == null || !aString.equals("lala"))

The first parameter is checked and it returns true, so the second paramter won't be checked, because the result is true anyway.

XOR can't be optimized, because it depends on both parameters.

A constructor initializes an object when it is created . It has the same name as its class and is syntactically similar to a method , but constructor have no expicit return type.Typically , we use constructor to give initial value to the instance variables defined by the class , or to perform any other startup procedures required to make a fully formed object.

Here is an example of constructor:

class queen(){
   int beauty;

   queen(){ 
     beauty = 98;
   }
 }


class constructor demo{
    public static void main(String[] args){
       queen arth = new queen();
       queen y = new queen();

       System.out.println(arth.beauty+" "+y.beauty);

    }
} 

output is:

98 98

Here the construcor is :

queen(){
beauty =98;
}

Now the turn of parameterized constructor.

  class queen(){
   int beauty;

   queen(int x){ 
     beauty = x;
   }
 }


class constructor demo{
    public static void main(String[] args){
       queen arth = new queen(100);
       queen y = new queen(98);

       System.out.println(arth.beauty+" "+y.beauty);

    }
} 

output is:

100 98

I have worked on routing for a few years, with a recent burst of activity prompted by the needs of my clients, and I've found that A* is easily fast enough; there is really no need to look for optimisations or more complex algorithms. Routing over an enormous graph is not a problem.

But the speed depends on having the entire routing network, by which I mean the directed graph of arcs and nodes representing route segments and junctions respectively, in memory. The main time overhead is the time taken to create this network. Some rough figures based on an ordinary laptop running Windows, and routing over the whole of Spain: time taken to create the network: 10-15 seconds; time taken to calculate a route: too short to measure.

The other important thing is to be able to re-use the network for as many routing calculations as you like. If your algorithm has marked the nodes in some way to record the best route (total cost to current node, and best arc to it) - as it has to in A* - you have to reset or clear out this old information. Rather than going through hundreds of thousands of nodes, it's easier to use a generation number system. Mark each node with the generation number of its data; increment the generation number when you calculate a new route; any node with an older generation number is stale and its information can be ignored.

For the current date and time with format, Use

In Java

Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
String strDate = sdf.format(c.getTime());
Log.d("Date","DATE : " + strDate)

In Kotlin

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
    val current = LocalDateTime.now()
    val formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd.MM.yyyy. HH:mm:ss")
    var myDate: String =  current.format(formatter)
    Log.d("Date","DATE : " + myDate)
} else {
    var date = Date()
    val formatter = SimpleDateFormat("MMM dd yyyy HH:mma")
    val myDate: String = formatter.format(date)
    Log.d("Date","DATE : " + myDate)
}

Date Formater patterns

"yyyy.MM.dd G 'at' HH:mm:ss z" ---- 2001.07.04 AD at 12:08:56 PDT
"hh 'o''clock' a, zzzz" ----------- 12 o'clock PM, Pacific Daylight Time
"EEE, d MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss Z"------- Wed, 4 Jul 2001 12:08:56 -0700
"yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZ"------- 2001-07-04T12:08:56.235-0700
"yyMMddHHmmssZ"-------------------- 010704120856-0700
"K:mm a, z" ----------------------- 0:08 PM, PDT
"h:mm a" -------------------------- 12:08 PM
"EEE, MMM d, ''yy" ---------------- Wed, Jul 4, '01

You can also extract the event code from the HTML, like this :

<input type="checkbox" id="check_all_1" name="check_all_1" title="Select All" />
<label for="check_all_1">Select All</label>

<script>
function selectAll(frmElement, chkElement) {
    // ...
}
document.getElementById("check_all_1").onclick = function() {
    selectAll(document.wizard_form, this);
}
</script>

Try this one for current selection:

Sub A_SelectAllMakeTable2()
    Dim tbl As ListObject
    Set tbl = ActiveSheet.ListObjects.Add(xlSrcRange, Selection, , xlYes)
    tbl.TableStyle = "TableStyleMedium15"
End Sub

or equivalent of your macro (for Ctrl+Shift+End range selection):

Sub A_SelectAllMakeTable()
    Dim tbl As ListObject
    Dim rng As Range

    Set rng = Range(Range("A1"), Range("A1").SpecialCells(xlLastCell))
    Set tbl = ActiveSheet.ListObjects.Add(xlSrcRange, rng, , xlYes)
    tbl.TableStyle = "TableStyleMedium15"
End Sub

You can assign one color to every functionality to make it more useful.

#define Color_Red "\33[0:31m\\]" // Color Start
#define Color_end "\33[0m\\]" // To flush out prev settings
#define LOG_RED(X) printf("%s %s %s",Color_Red,X,Color_end)

foo()
{
LOG_RED("This is in Red Color");
}

Like wise you can select different color codes and make this more generic.

perl -ne 'print if ($seen{$_} .= @ARGV) =~ /10$/'  file1 file2

If you ever have a choice between a reflective solution and a non-reflective solution, never pick the reflective one (involving Class objects). It's not that it's "Wrong" or anything, but anything involving reflection is generally less obvious and less clear.

instead of using this

Vue.component('tabs', {
    template: `
        <div class="tabs">
          <ul>
            <li class="is-active"><a>Pictures</a></li>
            <li><a>Music</a></li>
            <li><a>Videos</a></li>
            <li><a>Documents</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div>

        <div class="tabs-content">
          <slot></slot>
        </div>
    `,
});

you should use

Vue.component('tabs', {
    template: `
      <div>
        <div class="tabs">
          <ul>
            <li class="is-active"><a>Pictures</a></li>
            <li><a>Music</a></li>
            <li><a>Videos</a></li>
            <li><a>Documents</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div>

        <div class="tabs-content">
          <slot></slot>
        </div>
      </div>
    `,
});

uint i = 10;
int j = (int)i;

or

int k = Convert.ToInt32(i)

None of these answers will work if you are unable to import said Python file without import errors. This was the case for me when I was inspecting a file which comes from a large code base with a lot of dependencies. The following will process the file as text and search for all method names that start with "def" and print them and their line numbers.

import re
pattern = re.compile("def (.*)\(")
for i, line in enumerate(open('Example.py')):
  for match in re.finditer(pattern, line):
    print '%s: %s' % (i+1, match.groups()[0])

/var/www/html is just the default root folder of the web server. You can change that to be whatever folder you want by editing your apache.conf file (usually located in /etc/apache/conf) and changing the DocumentRoot attribute (see http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/core.html#documentroot for info on that)

Many hosts don't let you change these things yourself, so your mileage may vary. Some let you change them, but only with the built in admin tools (cPanel, for example) instead of via a command line or editing the raw config files.

While the security is the same, it may be easier for fraudulent applications to dupe users using an iframe since they have more flexibility regarding where the frame is placed.

In my case, I was attempting to pass an object into a template via an express route (akin to OPs setup). Then I wanted to pass that object into a function I was calling via a script tag in a pug template. Though lagginreflex's answer got me close, I ended up with the following:

script.
    var data = JSON.parse('!{JSON.stringify(routeObj)}');
    funcName(data)

This ensured the object was passed in as expected, rather than needing to deserialise in the function. Also, the other answers seemed to work fine with primitives, but when arrays etc. were passed along with the object they were parsed as string values.

Simplistic way is,if you are using listview in a xml,use this attributes on your listview,

android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
android:listSelector="#your color code"

if not using xml,by programatically

listview.setChoiceMode(AbsListView.CHOICE_MODE_SINGLE);
listview.setSelector(android.R.color.holo_blue_light);

With the help of ProgrammersBlock posts I came up with this. My needs were slightly different. I needed to take a string and return it as a LocalDate object. I was handed code that was using the older Calendar and SimpleDateFormat. I wanted to make it a little more current. This is what I came up with.

    import java.time.LocalDate;
    import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;


    void ExampleFormatDate() {

    LocalDate formattedDate = null;  //Declare LocalDate variable to receive the formatted date.
    DateTimeFormatter dateTimeFormatter;  //Declare date formatter
    String rawDate = "2000-01-01";  //Test string that holds a date to format and parse.

    dateTimeFormatter = DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE;

    //formattedDate.parse(String string) wraps the String.format(String string, DateTimeFormatter format) method.
    //First, the rawDate string is formatted according to DateTimeFormatter.  Second, that formatted string is parsed into
    //the LocalDate formattedDate object.
    formattedDate = formattedDate.parse(String.format(rawDate, dateTimeFormatter));

}

Hopefully this will help someone, if anyone sees a better way of doing this task please add your input.

• Unicode
  • is a set of characters used around the world
• UTF-8
  • a character encoding capable of encoding all possible characters (called code points) in Unicode.
  • code unit is 8-bits
  • use one to four code units to encode Unicode
  • 00100100 for "$" (one 8-bits);11000010 10100010 for "¢" (two 8-bits);11100010 10000010 10101100 for "€" (three 8-bits)
• UTF-16
  • another character encoding
  • code unit is 16-bits
  • use one to two code units to encode Unicode
  • 00000000 00100100 for "$" (one 16-bits);11011000 01010010 11011111 01100010 for "" (two 16-bits)

Under VS2013 you can install the new compilers into the project as a nuget package. That way you don't need VS2015 or an updated build server.

https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.Net.Compilers/

Install-Package Microsoft.Net.Compilers

The package allows you to use/build C# 6.0 code/syntax. Because VS2013 doesn't natively recognize the new C# 6.0 syntax, it will show errors in the code editor window although it will build fine.

Using Resharper, you'll get squiggly lines on C# 6 features, but the bulb gives you the option to 'Enable C# 6.0 support for this project' (setting saved to .DotSettings).

As mentioned by @stimpy77: for support in MVC Razor views you'll need an extra package (for those that don't read the comments)

Install-Package Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform

If you want full C# 6.0 support, you'll need to install VS2015.

if you just need it for db-related stuff, some OR Mappers (e.g. NHibernate) support transactinos out of the box per default.

Try starting with the Percona wizard and comparing their recommendations against your current settings one by one. Don't worry there aren't as many applicable settings as you might think.

https://tools.percona.com/wizard

Update circa 2020: Sorry, this tool reached it's end of life: https://www.percona.com/blog/2019/04/22/end-of-life-query-analyzer-and-mysql-configuration-generator/

Everyone points to key_buffer_size first which you have addressed. With 96GB memory I'd be wary of any tiny default value (likely to be only 96M!).

I just ran into the same issue for Ubuntu 13.04. These commands removed Postgres 9.1:

sudo apt-get purge postgresql
sudo apt-get autoremove postgresql

It occurs to me that perhaps only the second command is necessary, but from there I was able to install Postgres 9.2 (sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.2).

The above answer is not according to what Google Doc Referred for Location Tracking in Google api v2.

I just followed the official tutorial and ended up with this class that is fetching the current location and centring the map on it as soon as i get that.

you can extend this class to have LocationReciever to have periodic Location Update. I just executed this code on api level 7

http://developer.android.com/training/location/retrieve-current.html

Here it goes.

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentSender;
import android.location.Location;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.DialogFragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.google.android.gms.common.ConnectionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesClient;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesUtil;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationClient;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.CameraUpdate;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.CameraUpdateFactory;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.GoogleMap;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.GoogleMap.OnMapLongClickListener;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.LatLng;


public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements 
    GooglePlayServicesClient.ConnectionCallbacks, 
    GooglePlayServicesClient.OnConnectionFailedListener{

private SupportMapFragment mapFragment;
private GoogleMap map;
private LocationClient mLocationClient;
/*
 * Define a request code to send to Google Play services
 * This code is returned in Activity.onActivityResult
 */
private final static int CONNECTION_FAILURE_RESOLUTION_REQUEST = 9000;

// Define a DialogFragment that displays the error dialog
public static class ErrorDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {

    // Global field to contain the error dialog
    private Dialog mDialog;

    // Default constructor. Sets the dialog field to null
    public ErrorDialogFragment() {
        super();
        mDialog = null;
    }

    // Set the dialog to display
    public void setDialog(Dialog dialog) {
        mDialog = dialog;
    }

    // Return a Dialog to the DialogFragment.
    @Override
    public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        return mDialog;
    }
}

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main_activity);

    mLocationClient = new LocationClient(this, this, this);

    mapFragment = ((SupportMapFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.map));
    map = mapFragment.getMap();

    map.setMyLocationEnabled(true);

}

/*
 * Called when the Activity becomes visible.
 */
@Override
protected void onStart() {
    super.onStart();
    // Connect the client.
    if(isGooglePlayServicesAvailable()){
        mLocationClient.connect();
    }

}

/*
 * Called when the Activity is no longer visible.
 */
@Override
protected void onStop() {
    // Disconnecting the client invalidates it.
    mLocationClient.disconnect();
    super.onStop();
}

/*
 * Handle results returned to the FragmentActivity
 * by Google Play services
 */
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(
                int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    // Decide what to do based on the original request code
    switch (requestCode) {

        case CONNECTION_FAILURE_RESOLUTION_REQUEST:
            /*
             * If the result code is Activity.RESULT_OK, try
             * to connect again
             */
            switch (resultCode) {
                case Activity.RESULT_OK:
                    mLocationClient.connect();
                    break;
            }

    }
}

private boolean isGooglePlayServicesAvailable() {
    // Check that Google Play services is available
    int resultCode =  GooglePlayServicesUtil.isGooglePlayServicesAvailable(this);
    // If Google Play services is available
    if (ConnectionResult.SUCCESS == resultCode) {
        // In debug mode, log the status
        Log.d("Location Updates", "Google Play services is available.");
        return true;
    } else {
        // Get the error dialog from Google Play services
        Dialog errorDialog = GooglePlayServicesUtil.getErrorDialog( resultCode,
                                                                                                              this,
                                                                                                              CONNECTION_FAILURE_RESOLUTION_REQUEST);

        // If Google Play services can provide an error dialog
        if (errorDialog != null) {
            // Create a new DialogFragment for the error dialog
            ErrorDialogFragment errorFragment = new ErrorDialogFragment();
            errorFragment.setDialog(errorDialog);
            errorFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), "Location Updates");
        }

        return false;
    }
}

/*
 * Called by Location Services when the request to connect the
 * client finishes successfully. At this point, you can
 * request the current location or start periodic updates
 */
@Override
public void onConnected(Bundle dataBundle) {
    // Display the connection status
    Toast.makeText(this, "Connected", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    Location location = mLocationClient.getLastLocation();
    LatLng latLng = new LatLng(location.getLatitude(), location.getLongitude());
    CameraUpdate cameraUpdate = CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(latLng, 17);
    map.animateCamera(cameraUpdate);
}

/*
 * Called by Location Services if the connection to the
 * location client drops because of an error.
 */
@Override
public void onDisconnected() {
    // Display the connection status
    Toast.makeText(this, "Disconnected. Please re-connect.",
            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}

/*
 * Called by Location Services if the attempt to
 * Location Services fails.
 */
@Override
public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult connectionResult) {
    /*
     * Google Play services can resolve some errors it detects.
     * If the error has a resolution, try sending an Intent to
     * start a Google Play services activity that can resolve
     * error.
     */
    if (connectionResult.hasResolution()) {
        try {
            // Start an Activity that tries to resolve the error
            connectionResult.startResolutionForResult(
                    this,
                    CONNECTION_FAILURE_RESOLUTION_REQUEST);
            /*
            * Thrown if Google Play services canceled the original
            * PendingIntent
            */
        } catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException e) {
            // Log the error
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    } else {
       Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Sorry. Location services not available to you", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }
}

}

Just set these in php.ini:

upload_max_filesize = 1000M;
post_max_size = 1000M;

You need to use backtick instead of single quotes:

Single quote - 'Business Name' - Wrong

Backtick - `Business Name` - Correct

Update for Swift 5

here's a function i'm using to decide whether to show an "the app updated" page or not. It returns the build number, which i'm converting to an Int:

if let version: String = Bundle.main.infoDictionary?["CFBundleVersion"] as? String {
        guard let intVersion = Int(version) else { return }
        
        if UserDefaults.standard.integer(forKey: "lastVersion") < intVersion {
            print("need to show popup")
        } else {
            print("Don't need to show popup")
        }
        
        UserDefaults.standard.set(intVersion, forKey: "lastVersion")
    }

If never used before it will return 0 which is lower than the current build number. To not show such a screen to new users, just add the build number after the first login or when the on-boarding is complete.

If you want to change inputs in an iframe then submit the form from that iframe, do this

...
var el = document.getElementById('targetFrame');

var doc, frame_win = getIframeWindow(el); // getIframeWindow is defined below

if (frame_win) {
  doc = (window.contentDocument || window.document);
}

if (doc) {
  doc.forms[0].someInputName.value = someValue;
  ...
  doc.forms[0].submit();
}
...

Normally, you can only do this if the page in the iframe is from the same origin, but you can start Chrome in a debug mode to disregard the same origin policy and test this on any page.

function getIframeWindow(iframe_object) {
  var doc;

  if (iframe_object.contentWindow) {
    return iframe_object.contentWindow;
  }

  if (iframe_object.window) {
    return iframe_object.window;
  } 

  if (!doc && iframe_object.contentDocument) {
    doc = iframe_object.contentDocument;
  } 

  if (!doc && iframe_object.document) {
    doc = iframe_object.document;
  }

  if (doc && doc.defaultView) {
   return doc.defaultView;
  }

  if (doc && doc.parentWindow) {
    return doc.parentWindow;
  }

  return undefined;
}

In package.json you will find an eslintConfig line. Your 'rules' line can go in there like this:

  "eslintConfig": {
   ...
    "extends": [
      "eslint:recommended"
    ],
    "rules": {
      "no-console": "off"
    },
   ...
  },

String to byte array: "FooBar".split('').map(c => c.charCodeAt(0));

Byte array to string: [102, 111, 111, 98, 97, 114].map(c => String.fromCharCode(c)).join('');

words = file("test.txt", "r").read().split() #read the words into a list.
uniqWords = sorted(set(words)) #remove duplicate words and sort
for word in uniqWords:
    print words.count(word), word

What is the package name of your class? If there is no package name, then most likely the solution is:

java -cp FileManagement Main

This is a personal and situational choice. The important thing to remember is that the empty string and the number zero are conceptually distinct from null.

In the case of a count you probably always want some valid number (unless the count is unknown or undefined), but in the case of strings, who knows? The empty string could mean something in your application. Or maybe it doesn't. That's up to you to decide.

assylias and Head of Catering have already given your the reason why the error is occurring.

Now regarding what you are doing, from what I understand, you don't need to use Select at all

I guess you are doing this from VBA PowerPoint? If yes, then your code be rewritten as

Dim sourceXL As Object, sourceBook As Object
Dim sourceSheet As Object, sourceSheetSum As Object
Dim lRow As Long
Dim measName As Variant, partName As Variant
Dim filepath As String

filepath = CStr(FileDialog)

'~~> Establish an EXCEL application object
On Error Resume Next
Set sourceXL = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")

'~~> If not found then create new instance
If Err.Number <> 0 Then
    Set sourceXL = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
End If
Err.Clear
On Error GoTo 0

Set sourceBook = sourceXL.Workbooks.Open(filepath)
Set sourceSheet = sourceBook.Sheets("Measurements")
Set sourceSheetSum = sourceBook.Sheets("Analysis Summary")

lRow = sourceSheetSum.Range("C" & sourceSheetSum.Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row
measName = sourceSheetSum.Range("C3:C" & lRow)

lRow = sourceSheetSum.Range("D" & sourceSheetSum.Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row
partName = sourceSheetSum.Range("D3:D" & lRow)

To change password using Linux command line, use:

sudo -u <user_name> psql -c "ALTER USER <user_name> PASSWORD '<new_password>';"

thead {
  position: fixed;
  height: 10px; /* This is whatever height you want */
}
  tbody {
  position: fixed;
  margin-top: 10px; /* This has to match the height of thead */
  height: 300px; /* This is whatever height you want */
}

A fixed point number has a specific number of bits (or digits) reserved for the integer part (the part to the left of the decimal point) and a specific number of bits reserved for the fractional part (the part to the right of the decimal point). No matter how large or small your number is, it will always use the same number of bits for each portion. For example, if your fixed point format was in decimal IIIII.FFFFF then the largest number you could represent would be 99999.99999 and the smallest non-zero number would be 00000.00001. Every bit of code that processes such numbers has to have built-in knowledge of where the decimal point is.

A floating point number does not reserve a specific number of bits for the integer part or the fractional part. Instead it reserves a certain number of bits for the number (called the mantissa or significand) and a certain number of bits to say where within that number the decimal place sits (called the exponent). So a floating point number that took up 10 digits with 2 digits reserved for the exponent might represent a largest value of 9.9999999e+50 and a smallest non-zero value of 0.0000001e-49.

On Telegram Desktop for macOS, the shortcuts differ. You can right-click a highlighted text, then hover over Transformations to see the available options:

It can be achieved by using rjust:

line_new = word[0].rjust(10) + word[1].rjust(10) + word[2].rjust(10)

EcmaScript 2017 introduced Object.entries that allows you to iterate over values and keys. Documentation

var map = { key1 : 'value1', key2 : 'value2' }

for (let [key, value] of Object.entries(map)) {
    console.log(`${key}: ${value}`);
}

The result will be:

key1: value1
key2: value2

Beginning with Java 7, you can use the following idiom:

String someString = "...";
InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream( someString.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8) );

Here is a very useful step by step guideline for insert multi rows in Oracle:

https://livesql.oracle.com/apex/livesql/file/content_BM1LJQ87M5CNIOKPOWPV6ZGR3.html

The last step:

INSERT ALL
/* Everyone is a person, so insert all rows into people */
WHEN 1=1 THEN
INTO people (person_id, given_name, family_name, title)
VALUES (id, given_name, family_name, title)
/* Only people with an admission date are patients */
WHEN admission_date IS NOT NULL THEN
INTO patients (patient_id, last_admission_date)
VALUES (id, admission_date)
/* Only people with a hired date are staff */
WHEN hired_date IS NOT NULL THEN
INTO staff (staff_id, hired_date)
VALUES (id, hired_date)
  WITH names AS (
    SELECT 4 id, 'Ruth' given_name, 'Fox' family_name, 'Mrs' title,
           NULL hired_date, DATE'2009-12-31' admission_date
    FROM   dual UNION ALL
    SELECT 5 id, 'Isabelle' given_name, 'Squirrel' family_name, 'Miss' title ,
           NULL hired_date, DATE'2014-01-01' admission_date
    FROM   dual UNION ALL
    SELECT 6 id, 'Justin' given_name, 'Frog' family_name, 'Master' title,
           NULL hired_date, DATE'2015-04-22' admission_date
    FROM   dual UNION ALL
    SELECT 7 id, 'Lisa' given_name, 'Owl' family_name, 'Dr' title,
           DATE'2015-01-01' hired_date, NULL admission_date
    FROM   dual
  )
  SELECT * FROM names

Unique key allows max 2 NULL values. Explaination:

create table teppp
(
id int identity(1,1) primary key,
name varchar(10 )unique,
addresss varchar(10)
)

insert into teppp ( name,addresss) values ('','address1')
insert into teppp ( name,addresss) values ('NULL','address2')
insert into teppp ( addresss) values ('address3')

select * from teppp
null string , address1
NULL,address2
NULL,address3

If you try inserting same values as below:

insert into teppp ( name,addresss) values ('','address4')
insert into teppp ( name,addresss) values ('NULL','address5')
insert into teppp ( addresss) values ('address6')

Every time you will get error like:

Violation of UNIQUE KEY constraint 'UQ__teppp__72E12F1B2E1BDC42'. Cannot insert duplicate key in object 'dbo.teppp'.
The statement has been terminated.

It depends on how your $('site-header') is constructed.

You can try to use $timeout with 0 delay. Something like:

return function(scope, element, attrs) {
    $timeout(function(){
        $('.main').height( $('.site-header').height() -  $('.site-footer').height() );
    });        
}

Explanations how it works: one, two.

Don't forget to inject $timeout in your directive:

.directive('sticky', function($timeout)

The code that you have would work, but is executed from the global context, which means that this refers to the global object.

<script type="text/javascript">
var foo = function(param) {
    param.innerHTML = "Not a button";
};
</script>
<button onclick="foo(this)" id="bar">Button</button>

You can also use the non-inline alternative, which attached to and executed from the specific element context which allows you to access the element from this.

<script type="text/javascript">
document.getElementById('bar').onclick = function() {
    this.innerHTML = "Not a button";
};
</script>
<button id="bar">Button</button>

Try something like this:

int main()
{
    printf("%x %x %x %x %x %x %x %x\n",
        0xC0, 0xC0, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x31, 0x32, 0x33);
}

Which produces this:

$ ./foo 
c0 c0 61 62 63 31 32 33

I think you just have readonly="readonly"

<html><body><form><input type="password" placeholder="password" valid="123" readonly=" readonly"></input>

A List<T> is already an IEnumerable<T>, so you can run LINQ statements directly on your List<T> variable.

If you don't see the LINQ extension methods like OrderBy() I'm guessing it's because you don't have a using System.Linq directive in your source file.

You do need to convert the LINQ expression result back to a List<T> explicitly, though:

List<Customer> list = ...
list = list.OrderBy(customer => customer.Name).ToList()

private ViewPager viewPager;
viewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.pager);
mAdapter = new TabsPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
viewPager.setAdapter(mAdapter);
viewPager.setOnPageChangeListener(new ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener() {

        @Override
        public void onPageSelected(int position) {
            // on changing the page
            // make respected tab selected
            actionBar.setSelectedNavigationItem(position);
        }

        @Override
        public void onPageScrolled(int arg0, float arg1, int arg2) {
        }

        @Override
        public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int arg0) {
        }
    });
}

@Override
public void onTabReselected(Tab tab, FragmentTransaction ft) {
}

@Override
public void onTabSelected(Tab tab, FragmentTransaction ft) {
    // on tab selected
    // show respected fragment view
    viewPager.setCurrentItem(tab.getPosition());
}

@Override
public void onTabUnselected(Tab tab, FragmentTransaction ft) {
}

You can use FFserver to stream a video using RTSP.

Just change console syntax to something like this:

ffmpeg -i space.mp4 -vcodec libx264 -tune zerolatency -crf 18 http://localhost:1234/feed1.ffm

Create a ffserver.config file (sample) where you declare HTTPPort, RTSPPort and SDP stream. Your config file could look like this (some important stuff might be missing):

HTTPPort 1234
RTSPPort 1235

<Feed feed1.ffm>
        File /tmp/feed1.ffm
        FileMaxSize 2M
        ACL allow 127.0.0.1
</Feed>

<Stream test1.sdp>
    Feed feed1.ffm
    Format rtp
    Noaudio
    VideoCodec libx264
    AVOptionVideo flags +global_header
    AVOptionVideo me_range 16
    AVOptionVideo qdiff 4
    AVOptionVideo qmin 10
    AVOptionVideo qmax 51
    ACL allow 192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255
</Stream>

With such setup you can watch the stream with i.e. VLC by typing:

rtsp://192.168.0.xxx:1235/test1.sdp

Here is the FFserver documentation.

Here you are. Set source of ImageView statically in xml or dynamically in code.

Shadow is here white.

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    <View android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="@android:color/white" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/image"
        android:layout_alignRight="@id/image" android:layout_alignTop="@id/image"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@id/image" android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="10dp" />

    <ImageView android:id="@id/image" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="..."
        android:padding="5dp" />

</RelativeLayout>

In my troubleshooting, I found this AJAX xmlhttpRequest.status == 0 could mean the client call had NOT reached the server yet, but failed due to issue on the client side. If the response was from server, then the status must be either those 1xx/2xx/3xx/4xx/5xx HTTP Response code. Henceforth, the troubleshooting shall focus on the CLIENT issue, and could be internet network connection down or one of those described by @Langdon above.

I got this error writing a Jasmine unit test. I had the line:

angular.injector(['myModule'])

It needed to be:

angular.injector(['ng', 'myModule'])

Had the same problem but had to update a column with the id that was about to enter, so you can make an update should be done BEFORE and AFTER not BEFORE had no id so I did this trick

DELIMITER $$
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS `codigo_video`$$
CREATE TRIGGER `codigo_video` BEFORE INSERT ON `videos` 
FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
    DECLARE ultimo_id, proximo_id INT(11);
    SELECT id INTO ultimo_id FROM videos ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1;
    SET proximo_id = ultimo_id+1;
    SET NEW.cassette = CONCAT(NEW.cassette, LPAD(proximo_id, 5, '0'));
END$$
DELIMITER ;

You can use Low Profile mode See here

Just search for SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LOW_PROFILE that also dims the navigation buttons if they are present of screen.

Just put the following code on the top of the page

@{
    Layout = "";
}

While @jackofallcode answer is correct, it can be written in one line:

((RelativeLayout.LayoutParams) viewToLayout.getLayoutParams()).addRule(RelativeLayout.BELOW, R.id.below_id);

An important question is "Why do you need to test if executable exist?" Maybe you don't? ;-)

Recently I needed this functionality to launch viewer for PNG file. I wanted to iterate over some predefined viewers and run the first that exists. Fortunately, I came across os.startfile. It's much better! Simple, portable and uses the default viewer on the system:

>>> os.startfile('yourfile.png')

Update: I was wrong about os.startfile being portable... It's Windows only. On Mac you have to run open command. And xdg_open on Unix. There's a Python issue on adding Mac and Unix support for os.startfile.

I thinks it is vary helpful way.

models.py

from django.db import models
class User(models.Model):
    user_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=32)

forms.py

from django import forms
from Admin.models import *
class User_forms(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model= User
        fields=[
           'user_name',
           'password'
            ]
       widgets = {
      'password': forms.PasswordInput()
         }

If you have access to Excel, look in the "Statistical Functions" section of the Function Reference within Help. For straight-line best-fit, you need SLOPE and INTERCEPT and the equations are right there.

Oh, hang on, they're also defined online here: http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/excel/HP052092641033.aspx for SLOPE, and there's a link to INTERCEPT. OF course, that assumes MS don't move the page, in which case try Googling for something like "SLOPE INTERCEPT EQUATION Excel site:microsoft.com" - the link given turned out third just now.

Based on your requirement i think you are wanted to put dynamic fields in CSS file, however that is not possible as CSS is a static language. However you can simulate the behaviour by using Angular.

Please refer to the below example. I'm here showing only one component.

login.component.html

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { DomSanitizer } from '@angular/platform-browser';

    @Component({
      selector: 'app-login',
      templateUrl: './login.component.html',
      styleUrls: ['./login.component.css']
    })
    export class LoginComponent implements OnInit {

      cssProperty:any;
      constructor(private sanitizer: DomSanitizer) { 
        console.log(window.innerWidth);
        console.log(window.innerHeight);
        this.cssProperty = 'position:fixed;top:' + Math.floor(window.innerHeight/3.5) + 'px;left:' + Math.floor(window.innerWidth/3) + 'px;';
        this.cssProperty = this.sanitizer.bypassSecurityTrustStyle(this.cssProperty);
      }

    ngOnInit() {

      }

    }

login.component.ts

<div class="home">
    <div class="container" [style]="cssProperty">
        <div class="card">
            <div class="card-header">Login</div>
            <div class="card-body">Please login</div>
            <div class="card-footer">Login</div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

login.component.css

.card {
    max-width: 400px;
}
.card .card-body {
    min-height: 150px;
}
.home {
    background-color: rgba(171, 172, 173, 0.575);
}

It also means you can use reserved words as variable names

say you want a class named class, since class is a reserved word, you can instead call your class class:

IList<Student> @class = new List<Student>();

As others have answered both NSInputStream and NSFileHandle are fine options, but it can also be done in a fairly compact way with NSData and memory mapping:

BRLineReader.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface BRLineReader : NSObject

@property (readonly, nonatomic) NSData *data;
@property (readonly, nonatomic) NSUInteger linesRead;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSCharacterSet *lineTrimCharacters;
@property (readonly, nonatomic) NSStringEncoding stringEncoding;

- (instancetype)initWithFile:(NSString *)filePath encoding:(NSStringEncoding)encoding;
- (instancetype)initWithData:(NSData *)data encoding:(NSStringEncoding)encoding;
- (NSString *)readLine;
- (NSString *)readTrimmedLine;
- (void)setLineSearchPosition:(NSUInteger)position;

@end

BRLineReader.m

#import "BRLineReader.h"

static unsigned char const BRLineReaderDelimiter = '\n';

@implementation BRLineReader
{
    NSRange _lastRange;
}

- (instancetype)initWithFile:(NSString *)filePath encoding:(NSStringEncoding)encoding
{
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        NSError *error = nil;
        _data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:filePath options:NSDataReadingMappedAlways error:&error];
        if (!_data) {
            NSLog(@"%@", [error localizedDescription]);
        }
        _stringEncoding = encoding;
        _lineTrimCharacters = [NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet];
    }

    return self;
}

- (instancetype)initWithData:(NSData *)data encoding:(NSStringEncoding)encoding
{
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        _data = data;
        _stringEncoding = encoding;
        _lineTrimCharacters = [NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet];
    }

    return self;
}

- (NSString *)readLine
{
    NSUInteger dataLength = [_data length];
    NSUInteger beginPos = _lastRange.location + _lastRange.length;
    NSUInteger endPos = 0;
    if (beginPos == dataLength) {
        // End of file
        return nil;
    }

    unsigned char *buffer = (unsigned char *)[_data bytes];
    for (NSUInteger i = beginPos; i < dataLength; i++) {
        endPos = i;
        if (buffer[i] == BRLineReaderDelimiter) break;
    }

    // End of line found
    _lastRange = NSMakeRange(beginPos, endPos - beginPos + 1);
    NSData *lineData = [_data subdataWithRange:_lastRange];
    NSString *line = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:lineData encoding:_stringEncoding];
    _linesRead++;

    return line;
}

- (NSString *)readTrimmedLine
{
    return [[self readLine] stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:_lineTrimCharacters];
}

- (void)setLineSearchPosition:(NSUInteger)position
{
    _lastRange = NSMakeRange(position, 0);
    _linesRead = 0;
}

@end

cast (field1 as decimal(53,8)
) field 1

The default is: decimal(18,0)

Return as a tuple, e.g.

def foo (a):
    x=a
    y=a*2
    return (x,y)

Euler path is a graph using every edge(NOTE) of the graph exactly once. Euler circuit is a euler path that returns to it starting point after covering all edges.

While hamilton path is a graph that covers all vertex(NOTE) exactly once. When this path returns to its starting point than this path is called hamilton circuit.

The CSS :first-child selector allows you to target an element that is the first child element within its parent.

element:first-child { style_properties }
table:first-child { style_properties }

The extend method for example in jQuery or PrototypeJS, copies all properties from the source to the destination object.

Now about the prototype property, it is a member of function objects, it is part of the language core.

Any function can be used as a constructor, to create new object instances. All functions have this prototype property.

When you use the new operator with on a function object, a new object will be created, and it will inherit from its constructor prototype.

For example:

function Foo () {
}
Foo.prototype.bar = true;

var foo = new Foo();

foo.bar; // true
foo instanceof Foo; // true
Foo.prototype.isPrototypeOf(foo); // true

If you want printable ascii characters you probably should correct your code to:

if ord(char) < 32 or ord(char) > 126: return ''

this is equivalent, to string.printable (answer from @jterrace), except for the absence of returns and tabs ('\t','\n','\x0b','\x0c' and '\r') but doesnt correspond to the range on your question

var student = [];
var obj = {
    'first_name': name,
    'last_name': name,
    'age': age,
}
student.push(obj);

The following worked for me

open -a Sublime\ Text file_name.txt
open -a Sublime\ Text Folder_Path

You can use alias to make it event simple like

Add the following line in your

~/.bash_profile

alias sublime="open -a Sublime\ Text $@"

Then next time you can use following command to open files/folders

sublime file_name.txt
sublime Folder_Path

You can use Hash Map as given in the example below:

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * 
 * @author Abdul Rab Khan
 * 
 */
public class CounterExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] array = { "name1", "name1", "name2", "name2", "name2" };
        countStringOccurences(array);
    }

    /**
     * This method process the string array to find the number of occurrences of
     * each string element
     * 
     * @param strArray
     *            array containing string elements
     */
    private static void countStringOccurences(String[] strArray) {
        HashMap<String, Integer> countMap = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
        for (String string : strArray) {
            if (!countMap.containsKey(string)) {
                countMap.put(string, 1);
            } else {
                Integer count = countMap.get(string);
                count = count + 1;
                countMap.put(string, count);
            }
        }
        printCount(countMap);
    }

    /**
     * This method will print the occurrence of each element
     * 
     * @param countMap
     *            map containg string as a key, and its count as the value
     */
    private static void printCount(HashMap<String, Integer> countMap) {
        Set<String> keySet = countMap.keySet();
        for (String string : keySet) {
            System.out.println(string + " : " + countMap.get(string));
        }
    }
}

Inside PhoneStateListener after seeing the call is finished better use:

Intent intent = new Intent(CallDispatcherActivity.this, CallDispatcherActivity.class);
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
startActivity(intent);

Where CallDispatcherActivity is the activity where the user has launched a call (to a taxi service dispatcher, in my case). This just removes Android telephony app from the top, the user gets back instead of ugly code I saw here.

milliseconds = 12884983  // or x milliseconds
hr = 0
min = 0
sec = 0 
day = 0
while (milliseconds >= 1000) {
  milliseconds = (milliseconds - 1000)
  sec = sec + 1
  if (sec >= 60) min = min + 1
  if (sec == 60) sec = 0
  if (min >= 60) hr = hr + 1
  if (min == 60) min = 0
  if (hr >= 24) {
    hr = (hr - 24)
    day = day + 1
  }
}

I hope that my shorter method will help you

Since I found this question/answer through Google in 2011, I thought I'd take a second and add the link for the *.SDF files created by Visual Studio 2010 to the list of files that probably should not be added to version control (the IDE will re-create them). Since I wasn't sure that a *.sdf file may have a legitimate use elsewhere, I only ignored the specific [projectname].sdf file from SVN.

Why does the Visual Studio conversion wizard 2010 create a massive SDF database file?

You can also use myform.$invalid

E.g.

if($scope.myform.$invalid){return;}

It looks like this function I found at weeknumber.net is pretty accurate and easy to use.

// This script is released to the public domain and may be used, modified and
// distributed without restrictions. Attribution not necessary but appreciated.
// Source: http://weeknumber.net/how-to/javascript 

// Returns the ISO week of the date.
Date.prototype.getWeek = function() {
  var date = new Date(this.getTime());
  date.setHours(0, 0, 0, 0);
  // Thursday in current week decides the year.
  date.setDate(date.getDate() + 3 - (date.getDay() + 6) % 7);
  // January 4 is always in week 1.
  var week1 = new Date(date.getFullYear(), 0, 4);
  // Adjust to Thursday in week 1 and count number of weeks from date to week1.
  return 1 + Math.round(((date.getTime() - week1.getTime()) / 86400000 - 3 + (week1.getDay() + 6) % 7) / 7);
}

If you're lucky like me and need to find the week number of the month a little adjust will do it:

// Returns the week in the month of the date.
Date.prototype.getWeekOfMonth = function() {
  var date = new Date(this.getTime());
  date.setHours(0, 0, 0, 0);
  // Thursday in current week decides the year.
  date.setDate(date.getDate() + 3 - (date.getDay() + 6) % 7);
  // January 4 is always in week 1.
  var week1 = new Date(date.getFullYear(), date.getMonth(), 4);
  // Adjust to Thursday in week 1 and count number of weeks from date to week1.
  return 1 + Math.round(((date.getTime() - week1.getTime()) / 86400000 - 3 + (week1.getDay() + 6) % 7) / 7);
}

Just wanna update this for beginners now you should definitly use flexbox to do that, it's more appropriate and work for responsive try this : http://jsfiddle.net/x5vyC/3957/

#wrapper{
  display:flex;
  justify-content:space-between;
  background:red;
}


#c1{
   background:blue;
}


#c2{
    background:green;
}

<div id="wrapper">
    <div id="c1">con1</div>
    <div id="c2">con2</div>
</div>?

<input type="button" onclick="functionA();functionB();" />

function functionA()
{

}

function functionB()
{

}

You can try

echo implode(', ', (array)$ret);

If you just want to set the same color to every separator and it is opaque you can use:

 self.tableView.separatorColor = UIColor.redColor()

If you want to use different colors for the separators or clear the separator color or use a color with alpha.

BE CAREFUL: You have to know that there is a backgroundView in the separator that has a default color.

To change it you can use this functions:

    func tableView(tableView: UITableView, willDisplayHeaderView view: UIView, forSection section: Int) {
        if(view.isKindOfClass(UITableViewHeaderFooterView)){
            var headerView = view as! UITableViewHeaderFooterView;
            headerView.backgroundView?.backgroundColor = myColor

           //Other colors you can change here
           // headerView.backgroundColor = myColor
           // headerView.contentView.backgroundColor = myColor
        }
    }

    func tableView(tableView: UITableView, willDisplayFooterView view: UIView, forSection section: Int) {
        if(view.isKindOfClass(UITableViewHeaderFooterView)){
            var footerView = view as! UITableViewHeaderFooterView;
            footerView.backgroundView?.backgroundColor = myColor
           //Other colors you can change here
           //footerView.backgroundColor = myColor
           //footerView.contentView.backgroundColor = myColor
        }
    }

Hope it helps!

There are two things

1. Disable firewall if any or add exception or check if u have correct driver file. Disable any antivirus if any

2. and also make sure your driver type is mysql.jdbc.driver.

Something that worked for me was to simply place the JSON file in the public folder. You can simply import in any js using

brain.loadData("exampleFile.json");

It is as simple as that I guess. Definitely worth a try :D

custom validation step by step

Html template

  <form [ngFormModel]="demoForm">
  <input  
  name="NotAllowSpecialCharacters"    
  type="text"                      
  #demo="ngForm"
  [ngFormControl] ="demoForm.controls['spec']"
  >

 <div class='error' *ngIf="demo.control.touched">
   <div *ngIf="demo.control.hasError('required')"> field  is required.</div>
   <div *ngIf="demo.control.hasError('invalidChar')">Special Characters are not Allowed</div>
 </div>
  </form>

Component App.ts

import {Control, ControlGroup, FormBuilder, Validators, NgForm, NgClass} from 'angular2/common';
import {CustomValidator} from '../../yourServices/validatorService';

under class define

 demoForm: ControlGroup;
constructor( @Inject(FormBuilder) private Fb: FormBuilder ) {
    this.demoForm = Fb.group({
       spec: new Control('', Validators.compose([Validators.required,   CustomValidator.specialCharValidator])),
      })
}

under {../../yourServices/validatorService.ts}

export class CustomValidator {
    static specialCharValidator(control: Control): { [key: string]: any } {
   if (control.value) {
       if (!control.value.match(/[-!$%^&*()_+|~=`{}\[\]:";#@'<>?,.\/]/)) {            
           return null;
       }
       else {            
           return { 'invalidChar': true };
       }
   }

 }

 }

I don't believe you can alter an existing column to be an identity column using tsql. However, you can do it through the Enterprise Manager design view.

Alternatively you could create a new row as the identity column, drop the old column, then rename your new column.

ALTER TABLE FooTable
ADD BarColumn INT IDENTITY(1, 1)
               NOT NULL
               PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

As we know there is no native support for private properties with ES6 classes.

Below is just what I use (might be helpful). Basically I'm wrapping a class inside the factory.

function Animal(name) {
    const privateData = 'NO experiments on animals have been done!';

    class Animal {
        constructor(_name) {
            this.name = _name;
        }
        getName() {
            return this.name
        }
        getDisclamer() {
            return `${privateData} Including ${this.name}`
        }
    }
    return new Animal(name)
}

I'm a beginner so happy to hear if this is a bad approach.

Based on the answer from @Ryan Ahearn, following is what I did on Ubuntu 16.04 to create a user front that only has permission for nginx's web dir /var/www/html.

Steps:

* pre-steps:
    * basic prepare of server,
    * create user 'dev'
        which will be the owner of "/var/www/html",
    * 
    * install nginx,
    * 
* 
* create user 'front'
    sudo useradd -d /home/front -s /bin/bash front
    sudo passwd front

    # create home folder, if not exists yet,
    sudo mkdir /home/front
    # set owner of new home folder,
    sudo chown -R front:front /home/front

    # switch to user,
    su - front

    # copy .bashrc, if not exists yet,
    cp /etc/skel/.bashrc ~front/
    cp /etc/skel/.profile ~front/

    # enable color,
    vi ~front/.bashrc
    # uncomment the line start with "force_color_prompt",

    # exit user
    exit
* 
* add to group 'dev',
    sudo usermod -a -G dev front
* change owner of web dir,
    sudo chown -R dev:dev /var/www
* change permission of web dir,
    chmod 775 $(find /var/www/html -type d)
    chmod 664 $(find /var/www/html -type f)
* 
* re-login as 'front'
    to make group take effect,
* 
* test
* 
* ok
* 

guys.. use resources for long strings in code behind!!

also.. you don't need an _ for codeline breaks in C#. In VB the codelines end with a newline character (or a ':'), using the the _ would tell the parser it has not reached the end of the line yet. The codeline in C# ends with a ';' so you can use newlines to styleformat your code.

This is because you are using the new Material library with the legacy Support Library.

You have to migrate android.support to androidx in order to use com.google.android.material.

If you are using android studio v 3.2 or above, simply

go to refactor ---> MIGRATE TO ANDROID X.

Do make a backup of your project.

A year later I wanted to update this: I no longer have this opinion about the Maven community. I would not write this answer if the question were asked today. I'm going to add my current opinion as a separate answer.

This is a very subjective answer, but the question is about opinions, so ...

I like Maven, and am liking it better the more I get to know it. One thing affecting my feelings about it, however: the maven community is largely centered around Sonatype ("the maven company", it's where many of the Maven honchos are working), and Sonatype is pushing its corporate products pretty aggressively on the community.

An example: The "Maven Book" twitter stream links to a supposed introduction to repository management.

Sorry, but that "intro" is half-information, half sales pitch for Nexus. Pop quiz: are there any other repo managers besides Nexus and Nexus Pro? Also, what does that have to do with the supposedly open-sourced Maven Book? Oh, right, the chapter on repository management has been spun off into a separate book ... about Nexus. Huh. If I contribute to the Maven book, do I get a referral fee if I cause an increase in Nexus sales?

Imagine if you were participating in a Java development forum and it was clear that the Sun employees discussing Java were going to seize every possible opportunity to talk about NetBeans and "NetBeans Pro". After a while, it loses some of its community feeling. I never had an experience like that with Ant.

Having said all of that, I do think that Maven is a very interesting and useful system (I'm not calling it a tool, like Ant is, Maven is broader than that) for software development configuration and build management. The dependency management is a blessing and a curse at times, but it's refreshing -- and certainly not the only advantage Maven offers. I'm probably reacting a bit too strongly to the Sonatype shilling, but it hurts Maven by association, in my opinion. I don't know if this opinion is shared by anyone else.

Note: The following applies to Windows PowerShell.
See the next section for the cross-platform PowerShell Core (v6+) edition.

• On PSv5.1 or higher, where > and >> are effectively aliases of Out-File, you can set the default encoding for > / >> / Out-File via the $PSDefaultParameterValues preference variable:

  • $PSDefaultParameterValues['Out-File:Encoding'] = 'utf8'

• On PSv5.0 or below, you cannot change the encoding for > / >>, but, on PSv3 or higher, the above technique does work for explicit calls to Out-File.
  (The $PSDefaultParameterValues preference variable was introduced in PSv3.0).

• On PSv3.0 or higher, if you want to set the default encoding for all cmdlets that support
  an -Encoding parameter (which in PSv5.1+ includes > and >>), use:

  • $PSDefaultParameterValues['*:Encoding'] = 'utf8'

If you place this command in your $PROFILE, cmdlets such as Out-File and Set-Content will use UTF-8 encoding by default, but note that this makes it a session-global setting that will affect all commands / scripts that do not explicitly specify an encoding via their -Encoding parameter.

Similarly, be sure to include such commands in your scripts or modules that you want to behave the same way, so that they indeed behave the same even when run by another user or a different machine; however, to avoid a session-global change, use the following form to create a local copy of $PSDefaultParameterValues:

• $PSDefaultParameterValues = @{ '*:Encoding' = 'utf8' }

Caveat: PowerShell, as of v5.1, invariably creates UTF-8 files _with a (pseudo) BOM_, which is customary only in the Windows world - Unix-based utilities do not recognize this BOM (see bottom); see this post for workarounds that create BOM-less UTF-8 files.

For a summary of the wildly inconsistent default character encoding behavior across many of the Windows PowerShell standard cmdlets, see the bottom section.

The automatic $OutputEncoding variable is unrelated, and only applies to how PowerShell communicates with external programs (what encoding PowerShell uses when sending strings to them) - it has nothing to do with the encoding that the output redirection operators and PowerShell cmdlets use to save to files.

Optional reading: The cross-platform perspective: PowerShell Core:

PowerShell is now cross-platform, via its PowerShell Core edition, whose encoding - sensibly - defaults to BOM-less UTF-8, in line with Unix-like platforms.

• This means that source-code files without a BOM are assumed to be UTF-8, and using > / Out-File / Set-Content defaults to BOM-less UTF-8; explicit use of the utf8 -Encoding argument too creates BOM-less UTF-8, but you can opt to create files with the pseudo-BOM with the utf8bom value.

• If you create PowerShell scripts with an editor on a Unix-like platform and nowadays even on Windows with cross-platform editors such as Visual Studio Code and Sublime Text, the resulting *.ps1 file will typically not have a UTF-8 pseudo-BOM:

  • This works fine on PowerShell Core.
  • It may break on Windows PowerShell, if the file contains non-ASCII characters; if you do need to use non-ASCII characters in your scripts, save them as UTF-8 with BOM.
    Without the BOM, Windows PowerShell (mis)interprets your script as being encoded in the legacy "ANSI" codepage (determined by the system locale for pre-Unicode applications; e.g., Windows-1252 on US-English systems).

• Conversely, files that do have the UTF-8 pseudo-BOM can be problematic on Unix-like platforms, as they cause Unix utilities such as cat, sed, and awk - and even some editors such as gedit - to pass the pseudo-BOM through, i.e., to treat it as data.

  • This may not always be a problem, but definitely can be, such as when you try to read a file into a string in bash with, say, text=$(cat file) or text=$(<file) - the resulting variable will contain the pseudo-BOM as the first 3 bytes.

Inconsistent default encoding behavior in Windows PowerShell:

Regrettably, the default character encoding used in Windows PowerShell is wildly inconsistent; the cross-platform PowerShell Core edition, as discussed in the previous section, has commendably put and end to this.

Note:

• The following doesn't aspire to cover all standard cmdlets.

• Googling cmdlet names to find their help topics now shows you the PowerShell Core version of the topics by default; use the version drop-down list above the list of topics on the left to switch to a Windows PowerShell version.

• As of this writing, the documentation frequently incorrectly claims that ASCII is the default encoding in Windows PowerShell - see this GitHub docs issue.

Cmdlets that write:

Out-File and > / >> create "Unicode" - UTF-16LE - files by default - in which every ASCII-range character (too) is represented by 2 bytes - which notably differs from Set-Content / Add-Content (see next point); New-ModuleManifest and Export-CliXml also create UTF-16LE files.

Set-Content (and Add-Content if the file doesn't yet exist / is empty) uses ANSI encoding (the encoding specified by the active system locale's ANSI legacy code page, which PowerShell calls Default).

Export-Csv indeed creates ASCII files, as documented, but see the notes re -Append below.

Export-PSSession creates UTF-8 files with BOM by default.

New-Item -Type File -Value currently creates BOM-less(!) UTF-8.

The Send-MailMessage help topic also claims that ASCII encoding is the default - I have not personally verified that claim.

Start-Transcript invariably creates UTF-8 files with BOM, but see the notes re -Append below.

Re commands that append to an existing file:

>> / Out-File -Append make no attempt to match the encoding of a file's existing content. That is, they blindly apply their default encoding, unless instructed otherwise with -Encoding, which is not an option with >> (except indirectly in PSv5.1+, via $PSDefaultParameterValues, as shown above). In short: you must know the encoding of an existing file's content and append using that same encoding.

Add-Content is the laudable exception: in the absence of an explicit -Encoding argument, it detects the existing encoding and automatically applies it to the new content.^{Thanks, js2010}. Note that in Windows PowerShell this means that it is ANSI encoding that is applied if the existing content has no BOM, whereas it is UTF-8 in PowerShell Core.

This inconsistency between Out-File -Append / >> and Add-Content, which also affects PowerShell Core, is discussed in this GitHub issue.

Export-Csv -Append partially matches the existing encoding: it blindly appends UTF-8 if the existing file's encoding is any of ASCII/UTF-8/ANSI, but correctly matches UTF-16LE and UTF-16BE.
To put it differently: in the absence of a BOM, Export-Csv -Append assumes UTF-8 is, whereas Add-Content assumes ANSI.

Start-Transcript -Append partially matches the existing encoding: It correctly matches encodings with BOM, but defaults to potentially lossy ASCII encoding in the absence of one.

Cmdlets that read (that is, the encoding used in the absence of a BOM):

Get-Content and Import-PowerShellDataFile default to ANSI (Default), which is consistent with Set-Content.
ANSI is also what the PowerShell engine itself defaults to when it reads source code from files.

By contrast, Import-Csv, Import-CliXml and Select-String assume UTF-8 in the absence of a BOM.

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# Redirect stdout ( > ) into a named pipe ( >() ) running "tee"
exec > >(tee -i logfile.txt)

# Without this, only stdout would be captured - i.e. your
# log file would not contain any error messages.
# SEE (and upvote) the answer by Adam Spiers, which keeps STDERR
# as a separate stream - I did not want to steal from him by simply
# adding his answer to mine.
exec 2>&1

echo "foo"
echo "bar" >&2

Note that this is bash, not sh. If you invoke the script with sh myscript.sh, you will get an error along the lines of syntax error near unexpected token '>'.

If you are working with signal traps, you might want to use the tee -i option to avoid disruption of the output if a signal occurs. (Thanks to JamesThomasMoon1979 for the comment.)

Tools that change their output depending on whether they write to a pipe or a terminal (ls using colors and columnized output, for example) will detect the above construct as meaning that they output to a pipe.

There are options to enforce the colorizing / columnizing (e.g. ls -C --color=always). Note that this will result in the color codes being written to the logfile as well, making it less readable.

The backslash \ is the escape character for regular expressions. Therefore a double backslash would indeed mean a single, literal backslash.

\ (backslash) followed by any of [\^$.|?*+(){} escapes the special character to suppress its special meaning.

ref : http://www.regular-expressions.info/reference.html

Consideration must also be given to your individual FPM pools, if any.

I couldn't figure out why none of these answers was working for me today. This had been a set-and-forget scenario for me, where I had forgotten that listen.user and listen.group were duplicated on a per-pool basis.

If you used pools for different user accounts like I did, where each user account owns their FPM processes and sockets, setting only the default listen.owner and listen.group configuration options to 'nginx' will simply not work. And obviously, letting 'nginx' own them all is not acceptable either.

For each pool, make sure that

listen.group = nginx

Otherwise, you can leave the pool's ownership and such alone.

If your table is MyISAM:

SELECT  *
FROM    pages
WHERE   MATCH(title, content) AGAINST ('keyword' IN BOOLEAN MODE)

This will be much faster if you create a FULLTEXT index on your columns:

CREATE FULLTEXT INDEX fx_pages_title_content ON pages (title, content)

, but will work even without the index.

As @Houcem Berrayana say

If you would like to use n>24 then you can use the code like:

Date dateBefore = new Date((d.getTime() - n * 24 * 3600 * 1000) - n * 24 * 3600 * 1000); 

Suppose you want to find last 30 days date, then you'd use:

Date dateBefore = new Date((d.getTime() - 24 * 24 * 3600 * 1000) - 6 * 24 * 3600 * 1000); 

You can use the finish command.

finish: Continue running until just after function in the selected stack frame returns. Print the returned value (if any). This command can be abbreviated as fin.

(See 5.2 Continuing and Stepping.)

Use tree, with -f (full path) and -i (no indentation lines):

tree -if --noreport .
tree -if --noreport directory/

You can then use grep to filter out the ones you want.

If the command is not found, you can install it:

Type following command to install tree command on RHEL/CentOS and Fedora linux:

# yum install tree -y

If you are using Debian/Ubuntu, Mint Linux type following command in your terminal:

$ sudo apt-get install tree -y

If you want to hide a validation in client side that is not part of a form submit you can use the following code:

$(this).closest("div").find(".field-validation-error").empty();
$(this).removeClass("input-validation-error");

For template, you can use

{% firstof request.user.get_full_name request.user.username %}

firstof will return the first one if not null else the second one

It doesn't look like the Rails API exposes methods to do this generically. You could try accessing the underlying connection and using it's methods, e.g. for MySQL:

st = ActiveRecord::Base.connection.raw_connection.prepare("update table set f1=? where f2=? and f3=?")
st.execute(f1, f2, f3)
st.close

I'm not sure if there are other ramifications to doing this (connections left open, etc). I would trace the Rails code for a normal update to see what it's doing aside from the actual query.

Using prepared queries can save you a small amount of time in the database, but unless you're doing this a million times in a row, you'd probably be better off just building the update with normal Ruby substitution, e.g.

ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute("update table set f1=#{ActiveRecord::Base.sanitize(f1)}")

or using ActiveRecord like the commenters said.

Here's my twist on it, with a runnable example. Note this will only work in the situation where Id is unique, and you have duplicate values in other columns.

DECLARE @SampleData AS TABLE (Id int, Duplicate varchar(20))

INSERT INTO @SampleData
SELECT 1, 'ABC' UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'ABC' UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 'LMN' UNION ALL
SELECT 4, 'XYZ' UNION ALL
SELECT 5, 'XYZ'

DELETE FROM @SampleData WHERE Id IN (
    SELECT Id FROM (
        SELECT 
            Id
            ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY [Duplicate] ORDER BY Id) AS [ItemNumber]
            -- Change the partition columns to include the ones that make the row distinct
        FROM 
            @SampleData
    ) a WHERE ItemNumber > 1 -- Keep only the first unique item
)

SELECT * FROM @SampleData

And the results:

Id          Duplicate
----------- ---------
1           ABC
3           LMN
4           XYZ

Not sure why that's what I thought of first... definitely not the simplest way to go but it works.

This is how I do it if I need a form displayed for each item, and inputs for various properties. Really depends on what I'm trying to do though.

ViewModel looks like this:

public class MyViewModel
{
   public List<Person> Persons{get;set;}
}

View(with BeginForm of course):

@model MyViewModel


@for( int i = 0; i < Model.Persons.Count(); ++i)
{
    @Html.HiddenFor(m => m.Persons[i].PersonId)
    @Html.EditorFor(m => m.Persons[i].FirstName) 
    @Html.EditorFor(m => m.Persons[i].LastName)         
}

Action:

[HttpPost]public ViewResult(MyViewModel vm)
{
...

Note that on post back only properties which had inputs available will have values. I.e., if Person had a .SSN property, it would not be available in the post action because it wasn't a field in the form.

Note that the way MVC's model binding works, it will only look for consecutive ID's. So doing something like this where you conditionally hide an item will cause it to not bind any data after the 5th item, because once it encounters a gap in the IDs, it will stop binding. Even if there were 10 people, you would only get the first 4 on the postback:

@for( int i = 0; i < Model.Persons.Count(); ++i)
{
    if(i != 4)//conditionally hide 5th item, 
    { //but BUG occurs on postback, all items after 5th will not be bound to the the list
      @Html.HiddenFor(m => m.Persons[i].PersonId)
      @Html.EditorFor(m => m.Persons[i].FirstName) 
      @Html.EditorFor(m => m.Persons[i].LastName)           
    }
}

There really isn't any such thing as an "associative array" in JavaScript. What you've got there is just a plain old object. They work kind-of like associative arrays, of course, and the keys are available but there's no semantics around the order of keys.

You could turn your object into an array of objects (key/value pairs) and sort that:

function sortObj(object, sortFunc) {
  var rv = [];
  for (var k in object) {
    if (object.hasOwnProperty(k)) rv.push({key: k, value:  object[k]});
  }
  rv.sort(function(o1, o2) {
    return sortFunc(o1.key, o2.key);
  });
  return rv;
}

Then you'd call that with a comparator function.

DTO is an abbreviation for Data Transfer Object, so it is used to transfer the data between classes and modules of your application.

• DTO should only contain private fields for your data, getters, setters, and constructors.
• DTO is not recommended to add business logic methods to such classes, but it is OK to add some util methods.

DAO is an abbreviation for Data Access Object, so it should encapsulate the logic for retrieving, saving and updating data in your data storage (a database, a file-system, whatever).

Here is an example of how the DAO and DTO interfaces would look like:

interface PersonDTO {
    String getName();
    void setName(String name);
    //.....
}

interface PersonDAO {
    PersonDTO findById(long id);
    void save(PersonDTO person);
    //.....
}

The MVC is a wider pattern. The DTO/DAO would be your model in the MVC pattern.
It tells you how to organize the whole application, not just the part responsible for data retrieval.

As for the second question, if you have a small application it is completely OK, however, if you want to follow the MVC pattern it would be better to have a separate controller, which would contain the business logic for your frame in a separate class and dispatch messages to this controller from the event handlers.
This would separate your business logic from the view.

Just FYI, Geocoder is asynchronous so the accepted answer while logical doesn't really work in this instance. I would prefer to have an outside object that acts as your updater.

var updater = {};

function geoCodeCity(goocoord) { 
    var geocoder = new google.maps.Geocoder();
    geocoder.geocode({
        'latLng': goocoord
    }, function(results, status) {
        if (status == google.maps.GeocoderStatus.OK) {
            updater.currentLocation = results[1].formatted_address;
        } else {
            if (status == "ERROR") { 
                    console.log(status);
                }
        }
    });
};

func funcationname()
{

    var parameters = [String:String]()
    let apiToken = "Bearer \(UserDefaults.standard.string(forKey: "vAuthToken")!)"
    let headers = ["Vauthtoken":apiToken]
    let mobile = "\(ApiUtillity.sharedInstance.getUserData(key: "mobile"))"
    parameters = ["first_name":First_name,"last_name":last_name,"email":Email,"mobile_no":mobile]

    print(parameters)
    ApiUtillity.sharedInstance.showSVProgressHUD(text: "Loading...")
    let URL1 = ApiUtillity.sharedInstance.API(Join: "user/update_profile")
    let url = URL(string: URL1.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryAllowed)!)
    var urlRequest = URLRequest(url: url!)
    urlRequest.httpMethod = "POST"
    urlRequest.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers
    Alamofire.upload(multipartFormData: { (multipartFormData) in

        multipartFormData.append(self.imageData_pf_pic, withName: "profile_image", fileName: "image.jpg", mimeType: "image/jpg")


        for (key, value) in parameters {

            multipartFormData.append((value as AnyObject).data(using: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue)!, withName: key)
        }

    }, with: urlRequest) { (encodingResult) in

        switch encodingResult {
        case .success(let upload, _, _):
            upload.responseJSON { response in
                if let JSON = response.result.value {
                    print("JSON: \(JSON)")
                    let status = (JSON as AnyObject).value(forKey: "status") as! Int
                    let sts = Int(status)
                    if sts == 200
                    {
                        ApiUtillity.sharedInstance.dismissSVProgressHUD()
                        let UserData = ((JSON as AnyObject).value(forKey: "data") as! NSDictionary)
                        ApiUtillity.sharedInstance.setUserData(data: UserData)


                    }
                    else
                    {
                        ApiUtillity.sharedInstance.dismissSVProgressHUD()

                        let ErrorDic:NSDictionary = (JSON as AnyObject).value(forKey: "message") as! NSDictionary

                        let Errormobile_no = ErrorDic.value(forKey: "mobile_no") as? String
                        let Erroremail = ErrorDic.value(forKey: "email") as? String

                        if Errormobile_no?.count == nil
                        {}
                        else
                        {
                            ApiUtillity.sharedInstance.dismissSVProgressHUDWithError(error: Errormobile_no!)
                        }
                        if Erroremail?.count == nil
                        {}
                        else
                        {
                            ApiUtillity.sharedInstance.dismissSVProgressHUDWithError(error: Erroremail!)
                        }
                    }

                }

            }

        case .failure(let encodingError):
            ApiUtillity.sharedInstance.dismissSVProgressHUD()
            print(encodingError)
        }

    }
}

I avoid RegExp at all costs. Here is another thing you can do:

"good_luck_buddy".split('_').slice(1).join('_')

For Xcode 4.6 (and Xcode 5) archives

• In Organizer, right-click an archive, select Show in Finder
• In Finder, right-click an archive, select Show Package Contents
• Open the folder Products > Applications
• The application is there

• Drag the application into iTunes Apps folder

  

• Right-click on the application in iTunes Apps, select Show in Finder

• The .ipa is there!

The best thing hands down that I have tried is LINQ to XSD (which is unknown to most developers). You give it an XSD Schema and it generates a perfectly mapped complete strongly-typed object model (based on LINQ to XML) for you in the background, which is really easy to work with - and it updates and validates your object model and XML in real-time. While it's still "Preview", I have not encountered any bugs with it.

If you have an XSD Schema that looks like this:

  <xs:element name="RootElement">
     <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="Element1" type="xs:string" />
        <xs:element name="Element2" type="xs:string" />
      </xs:sequence>
       <xs:attribute name="Attribute1" type="xs:integer" use="optional" />
       <xs:attribute name="Attribute2" type="xs:boolean" use="required" />
     </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>

Then you can simply build XML like this:

RootElement rootElement = new RootElement;
rootElement.Element1 = "Element1";
rootElement.Element2 = "Element2";
rootElement.Attribute1 = 5;
rootElement.Attribute2 = true;

Or simply load an XML from file like this:

RootElement rootElement = RootElement.Load(filePath);

Or save it like this:

rootElement.Save(string);
rootElement.Save(textWriter);
rootElement.Save(xmlWriter);

rootElement.Untyped also yields the element in form of a XElement (from LINQ to XML).

(This is for windows OS but concept can be applied to other OS)

Running command node -v will be able to confirm if it is installed, however it will not be able to confirm if it is NOT installed. (Executable may not be on your PATH)

Two ways you can check if it is actually installed:

1. Check default install location C:\Program Files\nodejs\

or

2. Go to System Settings -> Add or Remove Programs and filter by node, it should show you if you have it installed. For me, it shows as title:"Node.js" and description "Node.js Foundation", with no version specified. Install size is 52.6MB

If you don't have it installed, get it from here https://nodejs.org/en/download/

You should write it the other way around, checking your priviliged user id list contains the id on that row of table:

string[] search = new string[] { "2", "3" };
var result = from x in xx where search.Contains(x.uid.ToString()) select x;

LINQ behaves quite bright here and converts it to a good SQL statement:

sp_executesql N'SELECT [t0].[uid]
FROM [dbo].[xx] AS [t0]
WHERE (CONVERT(NVarChar,[t0].[uid]))
IN (@p0, @p1)',N'@p0 nvarchar(1),
@p1 nvarchar(1)',@p0=N'2',@p1=N'3'

which basicly embeds the contents of the 'search' array into the sql query, and does the filtering with 'IN' keyword in SQL.

I had to run Xcode.app and agree to the License Agreement

Setup: Brand new MacBook with Mavericks, then brew install and other c/l type things 'just work'.