What is a Python equivalent of PHP s var dump

Question

When debugging in PHP  I frequently find it useful to simply stick a var dump   in my code to show me what a variable is  what its value is  and the same for anything that it contains   What is a good Python equivalent for this

User · Answer

So I have taken the answers from this question and another question and came up below. I suspect this is not pythonic enough for most people, but I really wanted something that let me get a deep representation of the values some unknown variable has. I would appreciate any suggestions about how I can improve this or achieve the same behavior easier.

def dump(obj):
  '''return a printable representation of an object for debugging'''
  newobj=obj
  if '__dict__' in dir(obj):
    newobj=obj.__dict__
    if ' object at ' in str(obj) and not newobj.has_key('__type__'):
      newobj['__type__']=str(obj)
    for attr in newobj:
      newobj[attr]=dump(newobj[attr])
  return newobj

Here is the usage

class stdClass(object): pass
obj=stdClass()
obj.int=1
obj.tup=(1,2,3,4)
obj.dict={'a':1,'b':2, 'c':3, 'more':{'z':26,'y':25}}
obj.list=[1,2,3,'a','b','c',[1,2,3,4]]
obj.subObj=stdClass()
obj.subObj.value='foobar'

from pprint import pprint
pprint(dump(obj))

and the results.

{'__type__': '<__main__.stdClass object at 0x2b126000b890>',
 'dict': {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'more': {'y': 25, 'z': 26}},
 'int': 1,
 'list': [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c', [1, 2, 3, 4]],
 'subObj': {'__type__': '<__main__.stdClass object at 0x2b126000b8d0>',
            'value': 'foobar'},
 'tup': (1, 2, 3, 4)}

User · Answer

The closest thing to PHP s var dump   is pprint   with the getmembers   function in the built-in inspect module   from inspect import getmembers from pprint import pprint pprint getmembers yourObj

User · Answer

Old topic  but worth a try   Here is a simple and efficient var dump function   def var dump var  prefix                  You know you re a php developer when the first thing you ask for     when learning a new language is  Where s var dump                   my type         var   class     name           str len var               print prefix  my type  sep         prefix               for i in var          if type i  in  list  tuple  dict  set               var dump i  prefix          else              if isinstance var  dict                   print prefix  i         var i    class     name          var i   sep                 else                  print prefix       i   class     name          i  sep       Sample output    gt  gt  gt  var dump zen    list 9         str  hello      int  3      int  43      int  2      str  goodbye      list 3             str  hey          str  oh          tuple 3                 str  jij              str  llll              str  iojfi      str  call      str  me      list 7             str  coucou          dict 2                oKey   str  oValue             key   str  value          str  this          list 4                 str  a              str  new              str  nested              str  list

User · Answer

PHP s var export   usually shows a serialized version of the object that can be exec   d to re-create the object     The closest thing to that in Python is repr     For many types  this function makes an attempt to return a string that would yield an object with the same value when passed to eval

User · Answer

PHP s var export   usually shows a serialized version of the object that can be exec   d to re-create the object     The closest thing to that in Python is repr     For many types  this function makes an attempt to return a string that would yield an object with the same value when passed to eval

User · Answer

I don t have PHP experience  but I have an understanding of the Python standard library   For your purposes  Python has several methods   logging module   Object serialization module which is called pickle  You may write your own wrapper of the pickle module   If your using var dump for testing  Python has its own doctest and unittest modules  It s very simple and fast for design

User · Answer

To display a value nicely  you can use the pprint module  The easiest way to dump all variables with it is to do  from pprint import pprint  pprint globals    pprint locals      If you are running in CGI  a useful debugging feature is the cgitb module  which displays the value of local variables as part of the traceback

User · Answer

print  For your own classes  just def a   str   method

User · Answer

To display a value nicely  you can use the pprint module  The easiest way to dump all variables with it is to do  from pprint import pprint  pprint globals    pprint locals      If you are running in CGI  a useful debugging feature is the cgitb module  which displays the value of local variables as part of the traceback

User · Answer

I think the best equivalent to PHP s var dump  foo   bar  is combine print with vars   print vars foo  vars bar

User · Answer

To display a value nicely  you can use the pprint module  The easiest way to dump all variables with it is to do  from pprint import pprint  pprint globals    pprint locals      If you are running in CGI  a useful debugging feature is the cgitb module  which displays the value of local variables as part of the traceback

User · Answer

I wrote a very light-weight alternative to PHP s var dump for using in Python and made it open source later   GitHub  https   github com sha256 python-var-dump  You can simply install it using pip   pip install var dump

User · Answer

print  For your own classes  just def a   str   method

User · Answer

Old topic  but worth a try   Here is a simple and efficient var dump function   def var dump var  prefix                  You know you re a php developer when the first thing you ask for     when learning a new language is  Where s var dump                   my type         var   class     name           str len var               print prefix  my type  sep         prefix               for i in var          if type i  in  list  tuple  dict  set               var dump i  prefix          else              if isinstance var  dict                   print prefix  i         var i    class     name          var i   sep                 else                  print prefix       i   class     name          i  sep       Sample output    gt  gt  gt  var dump zen    list 9         str  hello      int  3      int  43      int  2      str  goodbye      list 3             str  hey          str  oh          tuple 3                 str  jij              str  llll              str  iojfi      str  call      str  me      list 7             str  coucou          dict 2                oKey   str  oValue             key   str  value          str  this          list 4                 str  a              str  new              str  nested              str  list

User · Answer

PHP s var export   usually shows a serialized version of the object that can be exec   d to re-create the object     The closest thing to that in Python is repr     For many types  this function makes an attempt to return a string that would yield an object with the same value when passed to eval

User · Answer

print  For your own classes  just def a   str   method

User · Answer

print  For your own classes  just def a   str   method

User · Answer

I wrote a very light-weight alternative to PHP s var dump for using in Python and made it open source later   GitHub  https   github com sha256 python-var-dump  You can simply install it using pip   pip install var dump

User · Answer

I use self-written Printer class  but dir   is also good for outputting the instance fields values   class Printer          def   init    self  PrintableClass              for name in dir PrintableClass                  value   getattr PrintableClass name                 if      not in str name  join str value                        print      s   r     name  value    The sample of usage   Printer MyClass

User · Answer

I think the best equivalent to PHP s var dump  foo   bar  is combine print with vars   print vars foo  vars bar

User · Answer

To display a value nicely  you can use the pprint module  The easiest way to dump all variables with it is to do  from pprint import pprint  pprint globals    pprint locals      If you are running in CGI  a useful debugging feature is the cgitb module  which displays the value of local variables as part of the traceback

User · Answer

So I have taken the answers from this question and another question and came up below. I suspect this is not pythonic enough for most people, but I really wanted something that let me get a deep representation of the values some unknown variable has. I would appreciate any suggestions about how I can improve this or achieve the same behavior easier.

def dump(obj):
  '''return a printable representation of an object for debugging'''
  newobj=obj
  if '__dict__' in dir(obj):
    newobj=obj.__dict__
    if ' object at ' in str(obj) and not newobj.has_key('__type__'):
      newobj['__type__']=str(obj)
    for attr in newobj:
      newobj[attr]=dump(newobj[attr])
  return newobj

Here is the usage

class stdClass(object): pass
obj=stdClass()
obj.int=1
obj.tup=(1,2,3,4)
obj.dict={'a':1,'b':2, 'c':3, 'more':{'z':26,'y':25}}
obj.list=[1,2,3,'a','b','c',[1,2,3,4]]
obj.subObj=stdClass()
obj.subObj.value='foobar'

from pprint import pprint
pprint(dump(obj))

and the results.

{'__type__': '<__main__.stdClass object at 0x2b126000b890>',
 'dict': {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'more': {'y': 25, 'z': 26}},
 'int': 1,
 'list': [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c', [1, 2, 3, 4]],
 'subObj': {'__type__': '<__main__.stdClass object at 0x2b126000b8d0>',
            'value': 'foobar'},
 'tup': (1, 2, 3, 4)}

User · Answer

The closest thing to PHP s var dump   is pprint   with the getmembers   function in the built-in inspect module   from inspect import getmembers from pprint import pprint pprint getmembers yourObj

User · Answer

So I have taken the answers from this question and another question and came up below. I suspect this is not pythonic enough for most people, but I really wanted something that let me get a deep representation of the values some unknown variable has. I would appreciate any suggestions about how I can improve this or achieve the same behavior easier.

def dump(obj):
  '''return a printable representation of an object for debugging'''
  newobj=obj
  if '__dict__' in dir(obj):
    newobj=obj.__dict__
    if ' object at ' in str(obj) and not newobj.has_key('__type__'):
      newobj['__type__']=str(obj)
    for attr in newobj:
      newobj[attr]=dump(newobj[attr])
  return newobj

Here is the usage

class stdClass(object): pass
obj=stdClass()
obj.int=1
obj.tup=(1,2,3,4)
obj.dict={'a':1,'b':2, 'c':3, 'more':{'z':26,'y':25}}
obj.list=[1,2,3,'a','b','c',[1,2,3,4]]
obj.subObj=stdClass()
obj.subObj.value='foobar'

from pprint import pprint
pprint(dump(obj))

and the results.

{'__type__': '<__main__.stdClass object at 0x2b126000b890>',
 'dict': {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'more': {'y': 25, 'z': 26}},
 'int': 1,
 'list': [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c', [1, 2, 3, 4]],
 'subObj': {'__type__': '<__main__.stdClass object at 0x2b126000b8d0>',
            'value': 'foobar'},
 'tup': (1, 2, 3, 4)}

User · Answer

PHP s var export   usually shows a serialized version of the object that can be exec   d to re-create the object     The closest thing to that in Python is repr     For many types  this function makes an attempt to return a string that would yield an object with the same value when passed to eval

User · Answer

So I have taken the answers from this question and another question and came up below. I suspect this is not pythonic enough for most people, but I really wanted something that let me get a deep representation of the values some unknown variable has. I would appreciate any suggestions about how I can improve this or achieve the same behavior easier.

def dump(obj):
  '''return a printable representation of an object for debugging'''
  newobj=obj
  if '__dict__' in dir(obj):
    newobj=obj.__dict__
    if ' object at ' in str(obj) and not newobj.has_key('__type__'):
      newobj['__type__']=str(obj)
    for attr in newobj:
      newobj[attr]=dump(newobj[attr])
  return newobj

Here is the usage

class stdClass(object): pass
obj=stdClass()
obj.int=1
obj.tup=(1,2,3,4)
obj.dict={'a':1,'b':2, 'c':3, 'more':{'z':26,'y':25}}
obj.list=[1,2,3,'a','b','c',[1,2,3,4]]
obj.subObj=stdClass()
obj.subObj.value='foobar'

from pprint import pprint
pprint(dump(obj))

and the results.

{'__type__': '<__main__.stdClass object at 0x2b126000b890>',
 'dict': {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'more': {'y': 25, 'z': 26}},
 'int': 1,
 'list': [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c', [1, 2, 3, 4]],
 'subObj': {'__type__': '<__main__.stdClass object at 0x2b126000b8d0>',
            'value': 'foobar'},
 'tup': (1, 2, 3, 4)}

User · Answer

I don t have PHP experience  but I have an understanding of the Python standard library   For your purposes  Python has several methods   logging module   Object serialization module which is called pickle  You may write your own wrapper of the pickle module   If your using var dump for testing  Python has its own doctest and unittest modules  It s very simple and fast for design

User · Answer

I use self-written Printer class  but dir   is also good for outputting the instance fields values   class Printer          def   init    self  PrintableClass              for name in dir PrintableClass                  value   getattr PrintableClass name                 if      not in str name  join str value                        print      s   r     name  value    The sample of usage   Printer MyClass

[php] What is a Python equivalent of PHP's var_dump()?

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