Programs & Examples On #Directoryinfo

The .NET DirectoryInfo object contains detailed information about a directory on the filesystem.

Exception: "URI formats are not supported"

I solved the same error with the Path.Combine(MapPath()) to get the physical file path instead of the http:/// www one.

Convert YYYYMMDD string date to a datetime value

You should have to use DateTime.TryParseExact.

var newDate = DateTime.ParseExact("20111120", 
                                  "yyyyMMdd", 
                                   CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);

OR

string str = "20111021";
string[] format = {"yyyyMMdd"};
DateTime date;

if (DateTime.TryParseExact(str, 
                           format, 
                           System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
                           System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.None, 
                           out date))
{
     //valid
}

How to check if a file exists in a folder?

To check file exists or not you can use

System.IO.File.Exists(path)

Get all files and directories in specific path fast

You can use this to get all directories and sub-directories. Then simply loop through to process the files.

string[] folders = System.IO.Directory.GetDirectories(@"C:\My Sample Path\","*", System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories);

foreach(string f in folders)
{
   //call some function to get all files in folder
}

C# '@' before a String

What is this for and why would I use @":\" instead of ":\"?

Because when you have a long string with many \ you don't need to escape them all and the \n, \r and \f won't work too.

Getting file names without extensions

Just for the record:

DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(currentDirName);
FileInfo[] smFiles = di.GetFiles("*.txt");
string fileNames = String.Join(", ", smFiles.Select<FileInfo, string>(fi => Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(fi.FullName)));

This way you don't use StringBuilder but String.Join(). Also please remark that Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension() needs a full path (fi.FullName), not fi.Name as I saw in one of the other answers.

C# delete a folder and all files and folders within that folder

The Directory.Delete method has a recursive boolean parameter, it should do what you need

Renaming a directory in C#

You should move it:

Directory.Move(source, destination);

How to add a string to a string[] array? There's no .Add function

Alternatively, you can resize the array.

Array.Resize(ref array, array.Length + 1);
array[array.Length - 1] = "new string";

How to call a Web Service Method?

James' answer is correct, of course, but I should remind you that the whole ASMX thing is, if not obsolete, at least not the current method. I strongly suggest that you look into WCF, if only to avoid learning things you will need to forget.

How to quickly check if folder is empty (.NET)?

I don't know about the performance statistics on this one, but have you tried using the Directory.GetFiles() static method ?

It returns a string array containing filenames (not FileInfos) and you can check the length of the array in the same way as above.

Convert a PHP object to an associative array

class Test{
    const A = 1;
    public $b = 'two';
    private $c = test::A;

    public function __toArray(){
        return call_user_func('get_object_vars', $this);
    }
}

$my_test = new Test();
var_dump((array)$my_test);
var_dump($my_test->__toArray());

Output

array(2) {
    ["b"]=>
    string(3) "two"
    ["Testc"]=>
    int(1)
}
array(1) {
    ["b"]=>
    string(3) "two"
}

Password encryption at client side

This sort of protection is normally provided by using HTTPS, so that all communication between the web server and the client is encrypted.

The exact instructions on how to achieve this will depend on your web server.

The Apache documentation has a SSL Configuration HOW-TO guide that may be of some help. (thanks to user G. Qyy for the link)

Android: How to enable/disable option menu item on button click?

How to update the current menu in order to enable or disable the items when an AsyncTask is done.

In my use case I needed to disable my menu while my AsyncTask was loading data, then after loading all the data, I needed to enable all the menu again in order to let the user use it.

This prevented the app to let users click on menu items while data was loading.

First, I declare a state variable , if the variable is 0 the menu is shown, if that variable is 1 the menu is hidden.

private mMenuState = 1; //I initialize it on 1 since I need all elements to be hidden when my activity starts loading.

Then in my onCreateOptionsMenu() I check for this variable , if it's 1 I disable all my items, if not, I just show them all

 @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_galeria_pictos, menu);

        if(mMenuState==1){
            for (int i = 0; i < menu.size(); i++) {
                menu.getItem(i).setVisible(false);
            }
        }else{
             for (int i = 0; i < menu.size(); i++) {
                menu.getItem(i).setVisible(true);
            }
        }

        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }

Now, when my Activity starts, onCreateOptionsMenu() will be called just once, and all my items will be gone because I set up the state for them at the start.

Then I create an AsyncTask Where I set that state variable to 0 in my onPostExecute()

This step is very important!

When you call invalidateOptionsMenu(); it will relaunch onCreateOptionsMenu();

So, after setting up my state to 0, I just redraw all the menu but this time with my variable on 0 , that said, all the menu will be shown after all the asynchronous process is done, and then my user can use the menu.

 public class LoadMyGroups extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {

        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
            mMenuState = 1; //you can set here the state of the menu too if you dont want to initialize it at global declaration. 

        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... voids) {
           //Background work

            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Void aVoid) {
            super.onPostExecute(aVoid);

            mMenuState=0; //We change the state and relaunch onCreateOptionsMenu
            invalidateOptionsMenu(); //Relaunch onCreateOptionsMenu

        }
    }

Results

enter image description here

Android Studio: Drawable Folder: How to put Images for Multiple dpi?

simply copy and paste the image into res>drawable and it ask you destination folder which you want to pate resolution image for more help please look for Android Studio drawable folders

Creating a SOAP call using PHP with an XML body

First off, you have to specify you wish to use Document Literal style:

$client = new SoapClient(NULL, array(
    'location' => 'https://example.com/path/to/service',
    'uri' => 'http://example.com/wsdl',
    'trace' => 1,
    'use' => SOAP_LITERAL)
);

Then, you need to transform your data into a SoapVar; I've written a simple transform function:

function soapify(array $data)
{
        foreach ($data as &$value) {
                if (is_array($value)) {
                        $value = soapify($value);
                }
        }

        return new SoapVar($data, SOAP_ENC_OBJECT);
}

Then, you apply this transform function onto your data:

$data = soapify(array(
    'Acquirer' => array(
        'Id' => 'MyId',
        'UserId' => 'MyUserId',
        'Password' => 'MyPassword',
    ),
));

Finally, you call the service passing the Data parameter:

$method = 'Echo';

$result = $client->$method(new SoapParam($data, 'Data'));

What is the size of ActionBar in pixels?

I needed to do replicate these heights properly in a pre-ICS compatibility app and dug into the framework core source. Both answers above are sort of correct.

It basically boils down to using qualifiers. The height is defined by the dimension "action_bar_default_height"

It is defined to 48dip for default. But for -land it is 40dip and for sw600dp it is 56dip.

How to remove non-alphanumeric characters?

For unicode characters, it is :

preg_replace("/[^[:alnum:][:space:]]/u", '', $string);

Get timezone from users browser using moment(timezone).js

You can also get your wanted time using the following JS code:

new Date(`${post.data.created_at} GMT+0200`)

In this example, my received dates were in GMT+0200 timezone. Instead of it can be every single timezone. And the returned data will be the date in your timezone. Hope this will help anyone to save time

Sort a list by multiple attributes?

Several years late to the party but I want to both sort on 2 criteria and use reverse=True. In case someone else wants to know how, you can wrap your criteria (functions) in parenthesis:

s = sorted(my_list, key=lambda i: ( criteria_1(i), criteria_2(i) ), reverse=True)

How to convert a string or integer to binary in Ruby?

You have Integer#to_s(base) and String#to_i(base) available to you.

Integer#to_s(base) converts a decimal number to a string representing the number in the base specified:

9.to_s(2) #=> "1001"

while the reverse is obtained with String#to_i(base):

"1001".to_i(2) #=> 9

python, sort descending dataframe with pandas

https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/generated/pandas.DataFrame.sort_values.html

I don't think you should ever provide the False value in square brackets (ever), also the column values when they are more than one, then only they are provided as a list! Not like ['one'].

test = df.sort_values(by='one', ascending = False)

How to insert a new line in Linux shell script?

Use this echo statement

 echo -e "Hai\nHello\nTesting\n"

The output is

Hai
Hello
Testing

Can Flask have optional URL parameters?

I think you can use Blueprint and that's will make ur code look better and neatly.

example:

from flask import Blueprint

bp = Blueprint(__name__, "example")

@bp.route("/example", methods=["POST"])
def example(self):
   print("example")

How to correctly catch change/focusOut event on text input in React.js?

Its late, yet it's worth your time nothing that, there are some differences in browser level implementation of focusin and focusout events and react synthetic onFocus and onBlur. focusin and focusout actually bubble, while onFocus and onBlur dont. So there is no exact same implementation for focusin and focusout as of now for react. Anyway most cases will be covered in onFocus and onBlur.

What does "fatal: bad revision" mean?

I had a similar issue with Intellij. The issue was that someone added the file that I am trying to compare in Intellij to .gitignore, without actually deleting the file from Git.

Spring Boot, Spring Data JPA with multiple DataSources

There is another way to have multiple dataSources by using @EnableAutoConfiguration and application.properties.

Basically put multiple dataSource configuration info on application.properties and generate default setup (dataSource and entityManagerFactory) automatically for first dataSource by @EnableAutoConfiguration. But for next dataSource, create dataSource, entityManagerFactory and transactionManager all manually by the info from property file.

Below is my example to setup two dataSources. First dataSource is setup by @EnableAutoConfiguration which can be assigned only for one configuration, not multiple. And that will generate 'transactionManager' by DataSourceTransactionManager, that looks default transactionManager generated by the annotation. However I have seen the transaction not beginning issue on the thread from scheduled thread pool only for the default DataSourceTransactionManager and also when there are multiple transaction managers. So I create transactionManager manually by JpaTransactionManager also for the first dataSource with assigning 'transactionManager' bean name and default entityManagerFactory. That JpaTransactionManager for first dataSource surely resolves the weird transaction issue on the thread from ScheduledThreadPool.

Update for Spring Boot 1.3.0.RELEASE

I found my previous configuration with @EnableAutoConfiguration for default dataSource has issue on finding entityManagerFactory with Spring Boot 1.3 version. Maybe default entityManagerFactory is not generated by @EnableAutoConfiguration, once after I introduce my own transactionManager. So now I create entityManagerFactory by myself. So I don't need to use @EntityScan. So it looks I'm getting more and more out of the setup by @EnableAutoConfiguration.

Second dataSource is setup without @EnableAutoConfiguration and create 'anotherTransactionManager' by manual way.

Since there are multiple transactionManager extends from PlatformTransactionManager, we should specify which transactionManager to use on each @Transactional annotation

Default Repository Config

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactory",
        transactionManagerRef = "transactionManager",
        basePackages = {"com.mysource.repository"})
public class RepositoryConfig {
    @Autowired
    JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter;

    @Autowired
    DataSource dataSource;

    @Bean(name = "entityManager")
    public EntityManager entityManager() {
        return entityManagerFactory().createEntityManager();
    }

    @Primary
    @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactory")
    public EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory() {
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emf = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        emf.setDataSource(dataSource);
        emf.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
        emf.setPackagesToScan("com.mysource.model");
        emf.setPersistenceUnitName("default");   // <- giving 'default' as name
        emf.afterPropertiesSet();
        return emf.getObject();
    }

    @Bean(name = "transactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        JpaTransactionManager tm = new JpaTransactionManager();
        tm.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory());
        return tm;
    }
}

Another Repository Config

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "anotherEntityManagerFactory",
        transactionManagerRef = "anotherTransactionManager",
        basePackages = {"com.mysource.anothersource.repository"})
public class AnotherRepositoryConfig {
    @Autowired
    JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter;

    @Value("${another.datasource.url}")
    private String databaseUrl;

    @Value("${another.datasource.username}")
    private String username;

    @Value("${another.datasource.password}")
    private String password;

    @Value("${another.dataource.driverClassName}")
    private String driverClassName;

    @Value("${another.datasource.hibernate.dialect}")
    private String dialect;

    public DataSource dataSource() {
        DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource(databaseUrl, username, password);
        dataSource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName);
        return dataSource;
    }

    @Bean(name = "anotherEntityManager")
    public EntityManager entityManager() {
        return entityManagerFactory().createEntityManager();
    }

    @Bean(name = "anotherEntityManagerFactory")
    public EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory() {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", dialect);

        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emf = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        emf.setDataSource(dataSource());
        emf.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
        emf.setPackagesToScan("com.mysource.anothersource.model");   // <- package for entities
        emf.setPersistenceUnitName("anotherPersistenceUnit");
        emf.setJpaProperties(properties);
        emf.afterPropertiesSet();
        return emf.getObject();
    }

    @Bean(name = "anotherTransactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactory());
    }
}

application.properties

# database configuration
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:file:~/main-source;AUTO_SERVER=TRUE
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.continueOnError=true
spring.datasource.initialize=false

# another database configuration
another.datasource.url=jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=another;
another.datasource.username=username
another.datasource.password=
another.datasource.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2008Dialect 
another.datasource.driverClassName=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver

Choose proper transactionManager for @Transactional annotation

Service for first datasource

@Service("mainService")
@Transactional("transactionManager")
public class DefaultDataSourceServiceImpl implements DefaultDataSourceService       
{

   //

}

Service for another datasource

@Service("anotherService")
@Transactional("anotherTransactionManager")
public class AnotherDataSourceServiceImpl implements AnotherDataSourceService 
{

   //

}

How can I change the image of an ImageView?

Just to go a little bit further in the matter, you can also set a bitmap directly, like this:

ImageView imageView = new ImageView(this);  
Bitmap bImage = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(this.getResources(), R.drawable.my_image);
imageView.setImageBitmap(bImage);

Of course, this technique is only useful if you need to change the image.

css selector to match an element without attribute x

:not selector:

input:not([type]), input[type='text'], input[type='password'] {
    /* style here */
}

Support: in Internet Explorer 9 and higher

Installing Pandas on Mac OSX

pip install worked for me, and it failed with a permission issue, which was resolved when I used

sudo pip install pandas

I see that the best sudo workaround is from /tmp: Is it acceptable and safe to run pip install under sudo?

Creating a UITableView Programmatically

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    tableView = [[UITableView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds style:UITableViewStylePlain];
    tableView.delegate = self;
    tableView.dataSource = self;

    tableView.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];

    // add to superview
    [self.view addSubview:tableView];
}

#pragma mark - UITableViewDataSource
- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)theTableView
{
    return 1;
}

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)theTableView numberOfRowsInSection:    (NSInteger)section
{
    return 1;
}

// the cell will be returned to the tableView
- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)theTableView  cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    static NSString *cellIdentifier = @"HistoryCell";

    // Similar to UITableViewCell, but 
    UITableViewCell *cell = (UITableViewCell *)[theTableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:cellIdentifier];
    if (cell == nil)
    {
        cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:cellIdentifier];
    }
    cell.descriptionLabel.text = @"Testing";
    return cell;
}

What's the canonical way to check for type in Python?

I think the cool thing about using a dynamic language like Python is you really shouldn't have to check something like that.

I would just call the required methods on your object and catch an AttributeError. Later on this will allow you to call your methods with other (seemingly unrelated) objects to accomplish different tasks, such as mocking an object for testing.

I've used this a lot when getting data off the web with urllib2.urlopen() which returns a file like object. This can in turn can be passed to almost any method that reads from a file, because it implements the same read() method as a real file.

But I'm sure there is a time and place for using isinstance(), otherwise it probably wouldn't be there :)

Sieve of Eratosthenes - Finding Primes Python

Probably the quickest way to have primary numbers is the following:

import sympy
list(sympy.primerange(lower, upper+1))

In case you don't need to store them, just use the code above without conversion to the list. sympy.primerange is a generator, so it does not consume memory.

Best way to encode Degree Celsius symbol into web page?

I'm not sure why this hasn't come up yet but why don't you use &#8451; (?) or &#8457; (?) for Celsius and Fahrenheit respectively!

Angular HttpPromise: difference between `success`/`error` methods and `then`'s arguments

Just for completion, here is a code example indicating the differences:

success \ error:

$http.get('/someURL')
.success(function(data, status, header, config) {
    // success handler
})
.error(function(data, status, header, config) {
    // error handler
});

then:

$http.get('/someURL')
.then(function(response) {
    // success handler
}, function(response) {
    // error handler
})
.then(function(response) {
    // success handler
}, function(response) {
    // error handler
})
.then(function(response) {
    // success handler
}, function(response) {
    // error handler
}).

Reordering Chart Data Series

Select a series and look in the formula bar. The last argument is the plot order of the series. You can edit this formula just like any other, right in the formula bar.

For example, select series 4, then change the 4 to a 3.

Counting repeated characters in a string in Python

Grand Performance Comparison

Scroll to the end for a TL;DR graph

Since I had "nothing better to do" (understand: I had just a lot of work), I decided to do a little performance contest. I assembled the most sensible or interesting answers and did some simple timeit in CPython 3.5.1 on them. I tested them with only one string, which is a typical input in my case:

>>> s = 'ZDXMZKMXFDKXZFKZ'
>>> len(s)
16

Be aware that results might vary for different inputs, be it different length of the string or different number of distinct characters, or different average number of occurrences per character.


Don't reinvent the wheel

Python has made it simple for us. The collections.Counter class does exactly what we want and a lot more. Its usage is by far the simplest of all the methods mentioned here.

taken from @oefe, nice find

>>> timeit('Counter(s)', globals=locals())
8.208566107001388

Counter goes the extra mile, which is why it takes so long.

¿Dictionary, comprende?

Let's try using a simple dict instead. First, let's do it declaratively, using dict comprehension.

I came up with this myself...

>>> timeit('{c: s.count(c) for c in s}', globals=locals())
4.551155784000002

This will go through s from beginning to end, and for each character it will count the number of its occurrences in s. Since s contains duplicate characters, the above method searches s several times for the same character. The result is naturally always the same. So let's count the number of occurrences just once for each character.

I came up with this myself, and so did @IrshadBhat

>>> timeit('{c: s.count(c) for c in set(s)}', globals=locals())
3.1484066140001232

Better. But we still have to search through the string to count the occurrences. One search for each distinct character. That means we're going to read the string more than once. We can do better than that! But for that, we have to get off our declarativist high horse and descend into an imperative mindset.

Exceptional code

AKA Gotta catch 'em all!

inspired by @anthony

>>> timeit('''
... d = {}
... for c in s:
...   try:
...     d[c] += 1
...   except KeyError:
...     d[c] = 1
... ''', globals=locals())
3.7060273620008957

Well, it was worth a try. If you dig into the Python source (I can't say with certainty because I have never really done that), you will probably find that when you do except ExceptionType, Python has to check whether the exception raised is actually of ExceptionType or some other type. Just for the heck of it, let's see how long will it take if we omit that check and catch all exceptions.

made by @anthony

>>> timeit('''
... d = {}
... for c in s:
...   try:
...     d[c] += 1
...   except:
...     d[c] = 1
... ''', globals=locals())
3.3506563019982423

It does save some time, so one might be tempted to use this as some sort of optimization.
Don't do that! Or actually do. Do it now:

INTERLUDE 1

import time
while True:
  try:
    time.sleep(1)
  except:
    print("You're trapped in your own trap!")

You see? It catches KeyboardInterrupt, besides other things. In fact, it catches all the exceptions there are. Including ones you might not have even heard about, like SystemExit.

INTERLUDE 2

import sys
try:
  print("Goodbye. I'm going to die soon.")
  sys.exit()
except:
  print('BACK FROM THE DEAD!!!')

Now back to counting letters and numbers and other characters.

Playing catch-up

Exceptions aren't the way to go. You have to try hard to catch up with them, and when you finally do, they just throw up on you and then raise their eyebrows like it's your fault. Luckily brave fellows have paved our way so we can do away with exceptions, at least in this little exercise.

The dict class has a nice method – get – which allows us to retrieve an item from a dictionary, just like d[k]. Except when the key k is not in the dictionary, it can return a default value. Let's use that method instead of fiddling with exceptions.

credit goes to @Usman

>>> timeit('''
... d = {}
... for c in s:
...   d[c] = d.get(c, 0) + 1
... ''', globals=locals())
3.2133633289995487

Almost as fast as the set-based dict comprehension. On larger inputs, this one would probably be even faster.

Use the right tool for the job

For at least mildly knowledgeable Python programmer, the first thing that comes to mind is probably defaultdict. It does pretty much the same thing as the version above, except instead of a value, you give it a value factory. That might cause some overhead, because the value has to be "constructed" for each missing key individually. Let's see how it performs.

hope @AlexMartelli won't crucify me for from collections import defaultdict

>>> timeit('''
... dd = defaultdict(int)
... for c in s:
...   dd[c] += 1
... ''', globals=locals())
3.3430528169992613

Not that bad. I'd say the increase in execution time is a small tax to pay for the improved readability. However, we also favor performance, and we will not stop here. Let's take it further and prepopulate the dictionary with zeros. Then we won't have to check every time if the item is already there.

hats off to @sqram

>>> timeit('''
... d = dict.fromkeys(s, 0)
... for c in s:
...   d[c] += 1
... ''', globals=locals())
2.6081761489986093

That's good. Over three times as fast as Counter, yet still simple enough. Personally, this is my favorite in case you don't want to add new characters later. And even if you do, you can still do it. It's just less convenient than it would be in other versions:

d.update({ c: 0 for c in set(other_string) - d.keys() })


Practicality beats purity (except when it's not really practical)

Now a bit different kind of counter. @IdanK has come up with something interesting. Instead of using a hash table (a.k.a. dictionary a.k.a. dict), we can avoid the risk of hash collisions and consequent overhead of their resolution. We can also avoid the overhead of hashing the key, and the extra unoccupied table space. We can use a list. The ASCII values of characters will be indices and their counts will be values. As @IdanK has pointed out, this list gives us constant time access to a character's count. All we have to do is convert each character from str to int using the built-in function ord. That will give us an index into the list, which we will then use to increment the count of the character. So what we do is this: we initialize the list with zeros, do the job, and then convert the list into a dict. This dict will only contain those characters which have non-zero counts, in order to make it compliant with other versions.

As a side note, this technique is used in a linear-time sorting algorithm known as count sort or counting sort. It's very efficient, but the range of values being sorted is limited, since each value has to have its own counter. To sort a sequence of 32-bit integers, 4.3 billion counters would be needed.

>>> timeit('''
... counts = [0 for _ in range(256)]
... for c in s:
...   counts[ord(c)] += 1
... d = {chr(i): count for i,count in enumerate(counts) if count != 0}
... ''', globals=locals())
25.438595562001865

Ouch! Not cool! Let's try and see how long it takes when we omit building the dictionary.

>>> timeit('''
... counts = [0 for _ in range(256)]
... for c in s:
...   counts[ord(c)] += 1
... ''', globals=locals())
10.564866792999965

Still bad. But wait, what's [0 for _ in range(256)]? Can't we write it more simply? How about [0] * 256? That's cleaner. But will it perform better?

>>> timeit('''
... counts = [0] * 256
... for c in s:
...   counts[ord(c)] += 1
... ''', globals=locals())
3.290163638001104

Considerably. Now let's put the dictionary back in.

>>> timeit('''
... counts = [0] * 256
... for c in s:
...   counts[ord(c)] += 1
... d = {chr(i): count for i,count in enumerate(counts) if count != 0}
... ''', globals=locals())
18.000623562998953

Almost six times slower. Why does it take so long? Because when we enumerate(counts), we have to check every one of the 256 counts and see if it's zero. But we already know which counts are zero and which are not.

>>> timeit('''
... counts = [0] * 256
... for c in s:
...   counts[ord(c)] += 1
... d = {c: counts[ord(c)] for c in set(s)}
... ''', globals=locals())
5.826531438000529

It probably won't get much better than that, at least not for such a small input. Plus it's only usable for 8-bit EASCII characters. ? ?????!

And the winner is...

>>> timeit('''
... d = {}
... for c in s:
...   if c in d:
...     d[c] += 1
...   else:
...     d[c] = 1
... ''', globals=locals())
1.8509794599995075

Yep. Even if you have to check every time whether c is in d, for this input it's the fastest way. No pre-population of d will make it faster (again, for this input). It's a lot more verbose than Counter or defaultdict, but also more efficient.


That's all folks

This little exercise teaches us a lesson: when optimizing, always measure performance, ideally with your expected inputs. Optimize for the common case. Don't presume something is actually more efficient just because its asymptotic complexity is lower. And last but not least, keep readability in mind. Try to find a compromise between "computer-friendly" and "human-friendly".



UPDATE

I have been informed by @MartijnPieters of the function collections._count_elements available in Python 3.

Help on built-in function _count_elements in module _collections:

_count_elements(...)
    _count_elements(mapping, iterable) -> None

    Count elements in the iterable, updating the mappping

This function is implemented in C, so it should be faster, but this extra performance comes at a price. The price is incompatibility with Python 2 and possibly even future versions, since we're using a private function.

From the documentation:

[...] a name prefixed with an underscore (e.g. _spam) should be treated as a non-public part of the API (whether it is a function, a method or a data member). It should be considered an implementation detail and subject to change without notice.

That said, if you still want to save those 620 nanoseconds per iteration:

>>> timeit('''
... d = {}
... _count_elements(d, s)
... ''', globals=locals())
1.229239897998923



UPDATE 2: Large strings

I thought it might be a good idea to re-run the tests on some larger input, since a 16 character string is such a small input that all the possible solutions were quite comparably fast (1,000 iterations in under 30 milliseconds).

I decided to use the complete works of Shakespeare as a testing corpus, which turned out to be quite a challenge (since it's over 5MiB in size ). I just used the first 100,000 characters of it, and I had to limit the number of iterations from 1,000,000 to 1,000.

import urllib.request
url = 'https://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/6/6.006/s08/lecturenotes/files/t8.shakespeare.txt'
s = urllib.request.urlopen(url).read(100_000)

collections.Counter was really slow on a small input, but the tables have turned

Counter(s)

=> 7.63926783799991

Naïve T(n2) time dictionary comprehension simply doesn't work

{c: s.count(c) for c in s}

=> 15347.603935000052s (tested on 10 iterations; adjusted for 1000)

Smart T(n) time dictionary comprehension works fine

{c: s.count(c) for c in set(s)}

=> 8.882608592999986

Exceptions are clumsy and slow

d = {}
for c in s:
  try:
    d[c] += 1
  except KeyError:
    d[c] = 1

=> 21.26615508399982

Omitting the exception type check doesn't save time (since the exception is only thrown a few times)

d = {}
for c in s:
  try:
    d[c] += 1
  except:
    d[c] = 1

=> 21.943328911999743

dict.get looks nice but runs slow

d = {}
for c in s:
  d[c] = d.get(c, 0) + 1

=> 28.530086210000007

collections.defaultdict isn't very fast either

dd = defaultdict(int)
for c in s:
  dd[c] += 1

=> 19.43012963199999

dict.fromkeys requires reading the (very long) string twice

d = dict.fromkeys(s, 0)
for c in s:
  d[c] += 1

=> 22.70960557699999

Using list instead of dict is neither nice nor fast

counts = [0 for _ in range(256)]
for c in s:
  counts[ord(c)] += 1

d = {chr(i): count for i,count in enumerate(counts) if count != 0}

=> 26.535474792000002

Leaving out the final conversion to dict doesn't help

counts = [0 for _ in range(256)]
for c in s:
  counts[ord(c)] += 1

=> 26.27811567400005

It doesn't matter how you construct the list, since it's not the bottleneck

counts = [0] * 256
for c in s:
  counts[ord(c)] += 1

=> 25.863524940000048


counts = [0] * 256
for c in s:
  counts[ord(c)] += 1

d = {chr(i): count for i,count in enumerate(counts) if count != 0}

=> 26.416733378000004

If you convert list to dict the "smart" way, it's even slower (since you iterate over the string twice)

counts = [0] * 256
for c in s:
  counts[ord(c)] += 1

d = {c: counts[ord(c)] for c in set(s)}

=> 29.492915620000076

The dict.__contains__ variant may be fast for small strings, but not so much for big ones

d = {}
for c in s:
  if c in d:
    d[c] += 1
  else:
    d[c] = 1

=> 23.773295123000025

collections._count_elements is about as fast as collections.Counter (which uses _count_elements internally)

d = {}
_count_elements(d, s)

=> 7.5814381919999505


Final verdict: Use collections.Counter unless you cannot or don't want to :)



Appendix: NumPy

The numpy package provides a method numpy.unique which accomplishes (almost) precisely what we want.

The way this method works is very different from all the above methods:

  • It first sorts a copy of the input using Quicksort, which is an O(n2) time operation in the worst case, albeit O(n log n) on average and O(n) in the best case.

  • Then it creates a "mask" array containing True at indices where a run of the same values begins, viz. at indices where the value differs from the previous value. Repeated values produce False in the mask. Example: [5,5,5,8,9,9] produces a mask [True, False, False, True, True, False].

  • This mask is then used to extract the unique values from the sorted input - unique_chars in the code below. In our example, they would be [5, 8, 9].

  • Positions of the True values in the mask are taken into an array, and the length of the input is appended at the end of this array. For the above example, this array would be [0, 3, 4, 6].

  • For this array, differences between its elements are calculated, eg. [3, 1, 2]. These are the respective counts of the elements in the sorted array - char_counts in the code below.

  • Finally, we create a dictionary by zipping unique_chars and char_counts: {5: 3, 8: 1, 9: 2}.


import numpy as np

def count_chars(s):
  # The following statement needs to be changed for different input types.
  # Our input `s` is actually of type `bytes`, so we use `np.frombuffer`.
  # For inputs of type `str`, change `np.frombuffer` to `np.fromstring`
  #  or transform the input into a `bytes` instance.
  arr = np.frombuffer(s, dtype=np.uint8)

  unique_chars, char_counts = np.unique(arr, return_counts=True)

  return dict(zip(unique_chars, char_counts))

For the test input (first 100,000 characters of the complete works of Shakespeare), this method performs better than any other tested here. But note that on a different input, this approach might yield worse performance than the other methods. Pre-sortedness of the input and number of repetitions per element are important factors affecting the performance.

count_chars(s)

=> 2.960809530000006


If you are thinking about using this method because it's over twice as fast as collections.Counter, consider this:

  • collections.Counter has linear time complexity. numpy.unique is linear at best, quadratic at worst.

  • The speedup is not really that significant - you save ~3.5 milliseconds per iteration on an input of length 100,000.

  • Using numpy.unique obviously requires numpy.

That considered, it seems reasonable to use Counter unless you need to be really fast. And in that case, you better know what you're doing or else you'll end up being slower with numpy than without it.



Appendix 2: A somewhat useful plot

I ran the 13 different methods above on prefixes of the complete works of Shakespeare and made an interactive plot. Note that in the plot, both prefixes and durations are displayed in logarithmic scale (the used prefixes are of exponentially increasing length). Click on the items in the legend to show/hide them in the plot.

Interactive plot (click!)

Click to open!

Why do we assign a parent reference to the child object in Java?

for example we have a

class Employee

{

int getsalary()

{return 0;}

String getDesignation()

{

return “default”;

}

}

class Manager extends Employee

{

int getsalary()

{

return 20000;

}

String getDesignation()

{

return “Manager”

}

}

class SoftwareEngineer extends Employee

{

int getsalary()

{

return 20000;

}

String getDesignation()

{

return “Manager”

}

}

now if you want to set or get salary and designation of all employee (i.e software enginerr,manager etc )

we will take an array of Employee and call both method getsalary(),getDesignation

Employee arr[]=new Employee[10];

arr[1]=new SoftwareEngieneer();

arr[2]=new Manager();

arr[n]=…….

for(int i;i>arr.length;i++)

{

System.out.println(arr[i].getDesignation+””+arr[i].getSalary())

}

now its an kind of loose coupling because you can have different types of employees ex:softeware engineer,manager,hr,pantryEmployee etc

so you can give object to the parent reference irrespective of different employee object

Encode a FileStream to base64 with c#

Since the file will be larger, you don't have very much choice in how to do this. You cannot process the file in place since that will destroy the information you need to use. You have two options that I can see:

  1. Read in the entire file, base64 encode, re-write the encoded data.
  2. Read the file in smaller pieces, encoding as you go along. Encode to a temporary file in the same directory. When you are finished, delete the original file, and rename the temporary file.

Of course, the whole point of streams is to avoid this sort of scenario. Instead of creating the content and stuffing it into a file stream, stuff it into a memory stream. Then encode that and only then save to disk.

Writing an Excel file in EPPlus

It's best if you worked with DataSets and/or DataTables. Once you have that, ideally straight from your stored procedure with proper column names for headers, you can use the following method:

ws.Cells.LoadFromDataTable(<DATATABLE HERE>, true, OfficeOpenXml.Table.TableStyles.Light8);

.. which will produce a beautiful excelsheet with a nice table!

Now to serve your file, assuming you have an ExcelPackage object as in your code above called pck..

Response.Clear();

Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet";
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + sFilename);

Response.BinaryWrite(pck.GetAsByteArray());
Response.End();

How can I convert a timestamp from yyyy-MM-ddThh:mm:ss:SSSZ format to MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss.SSS format? From ISO8601 to UTC

Enter the original date into a Date object and then print out the result with a DateFormat. You may have to split up the string into smaller pieces to create the initial Date object, if the automatic parse method does not accept your format.

Pseudocode:

Date inputDate = convertYourInputIntoADateInWhateverWayYouPrefer(inputString);
DateFormat outputFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss.SSS");
String outputString = outputFormat.format(inputDate);

How can I echo the whole content of a .html file in PHP?

Just use:

<?php
    include("/path/to/file.html");
?>

That will echo it as well. This also has the benefit of executing any PHP in the file.

If you need to do anything with the contents, use file_get_contents(),

For example,

<?php
    $pagecontents = file_get_contents("/path/to/file.html");

    echo str_replace("Banana", "Pineapple", $pagecontents);

?>

This doesn't execute code in that file, so be careful if you expect that to work.

I usually use:

include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']."/path/to/file/as/in/url.html");

as then I can move files without breaking the includes.

How to find Current open Cursors in Oracle

This could work:

SELECT    sql_text "SQL Query", 
          Count(*) AS "Open Cursors" 
FROM      v$open_cursor 
GROUP BY  sql_text 
HAVING    Count(*) > 2 
ORDER BY  Count(*) DESC; 

How do I see active SQL Server connections?

Click the "activity monitor" icon in the toolbar.

From Thorsten's comment:

In SQL Server Management Studio, right click on Server, choose "Activity Monitor" from context menu -or- use keyboard shortcut Ctrl + Alt + A.

Reference: Microsoft Docs - Open Activity Monitor in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)

How to do while loops with multiple conditions

condition1 = False
condition2 = False
val = -1
#here is the function getstuff is not defined, i hope you define it before
#calling it into while loop code

while condition1 and condition2 is False and val == -1:
#as you can see above , we can write that in a simplified syntax.
    val,something1,something2 = getstuff()

    if something1 == 10:
        condition1 = True

    elif something2 == 20:
# here you don't have to use "if" over and over, if have to then write "elif" instead    
    condition2 = True
# ihope it can be helpfull

PHP Warning Permission denied (13) on session_start()

It seems that you don't have WRITE permission on /tmp.

Edit the configuration variable session.save_path with the function session_save_path() to 1 directory above public_html (so external users wouldn't access the info).

How can I get my Twitter Bootstrap buttons to right align?

Use button tag instead of input and use pull-right class.

pull-right class totally messes up both of your buttons, but you can fix this by defining custom margin on the right side.

<button class="btn btn-primary pull-right btn-sm RbtnMargin" type="button">Save</button>
<button class="btn btn-primary pull-right btn-sm"  type="button">Cancel</button>

Then use the following CSS for the class

.RbtnMargin { margin-left: 5px; }

How to use querySelectorAll only for elements that have a specific attribute set?

You can use querySelectorAll() like this:

var test = document.querySelectorAll('input[value][type="checkbox"]:not([value=""])');

This translates to:

get all inputs with the attribute "value" and has the attribute "value" that is not blank.

In this demo, it disables the checkbox with a non-blank value.

How to set a timeout on a http.request() in Node?

Just to clarify the answer above:

Now it is possible to use timeout option and the corresponding request event:

// set the desired timeout in options
const options = {
    //...
    timeout: 3000,
};

// create a request
const request = http.request(options, response => {
    // your callback here
});

// use its "timeout" event to abort the request
request.on('timeout', () => {
    request.abort();
});

git pull error :error: remote ref is at but expected

After searching constantly, this is the solution that worked for me which entails unsetting/removing the Upstream

git branch --unset-upstream

How to cin to a vector

You probably want to read in more numbers, not only one. For this, you need a loop

int main()
{
  int input = 0;
  while(input != -1){
    vector<int> V;
    cout << "Enter your numbers to be evaluated: " << endl;
    cin >> input;
    V.push_back(input);
    write_vector(V);
  }
  return 0;
}

Note, with this version, it is not possible to add the number -1 as it is the "end signal". Type numbers as long as you like, it will be aborted when you type -1.

Best way to get hostname with php

What about gethostname()?

Edit: This might not be an option I suppose, depending on your environment. It's new in PHP 5.3. php_uname('n') might work as an alternative.

Connecting to Postgresql in a docker container from outside

I am using django with postgres in Docker containers. in the docker-compose file, add the following:

db:
    image: postgres:10-alpine
    environment:
        - POSTGRES_DB=app
        - POSTGRES_USER=postgres
        - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=supersecretpassword
    **ports:
        - "6543:5432"**

which will add accessible port by your local machine. for myself, I connected DBeaver to it. this will prevent port clashes between your app request and local machine request. at first, I got a message saying that the port 5432 is in use (which is by django app) so I couldn't access by pgAdmin or DBeaver.

Java Reflection: How to get the name of a variable?

(Edit: two previous answers removed, one for answering the question as it stood before edits and one for being, if not absolutely wrong, at least close to it.)

If you compile with debug information on (javac -g), the names of local variables are kept in the .class file. For example, take this simple class:

class TestLocalVarNames {
    public String aMethod(int arg) {
        String local1 = "a string";
        StringBuilder local2 = new StringBuilder();
        return local2.append(local1).append(arg).toString();
    }
}

After compiling with javac -g:vars TestLocalVarNames.java, the names of local variables are now in the .class file. javap's -l flag ("Print line number and local variable tables") can show them.

javap -l -c TestLocalVarNames shows:

class TestLocalVarNames extends java.lang.Object{
TestLocalVarNames();
  Code:
   0:   aload_0
   1:   invokespecial   #1; //Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
   4:   return

  LocalVariableTable:
   Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
   0      5      0    this       LTestLocalVarNames;

public java.lang.String aMethod(int);
  Code:
   0:   ldc     #2; //String a string
   2:   astore_2
   3:   new     #3; //class java/lang/StringBuilder
   6:   dup
   7:   invokespecial   #4; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":()V
   10:  astore_3
   11:  aload_3
   12:  aload_2
   13:  invokevirtual   #5; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
   16:  iload_1
   17:  invokevirtual   #6; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(I)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
   20:  invokevirtual   #7; //Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/lang/String;
   23:  areturn

  LocalVariableTable:
   Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
   0      24      0    this       LTestLocalVarNames;
   0      24      1    arg       I
   3      21      2    local1       Ljava/lang/String;
   11      13      3    local2       Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
}

The VM spec explains what we're seeing here:

§4.7.9 The LocalVariableTable Attribute:

The LocalVariableTable attribute is an optional variable-length attribute of a Code (§4.7.3) attribute. It may be used by debuggers to determine the value of a given local variable during the execution of a method.

The LocalVariableTable stores the names and types of the variables in each slot, so it is possible to match them up with the bytecode. This is how debuggers can do "Evaluate expression".

As erickson said, though, there's no way to access this table through normal reflection. If you're still determined to do this, I believe the Java Platform Debugger Architecture (JPDA) will help (but I've never used it myself).

Change background colour for Visual Studio

The background color of the Visual Studio text editor in a Theme Editor is accessed by:

Text Editor ? Plain Text ? Background

enter image description here

How to redirect to the same page in PHP

I just tried using header("Location: "); (without any value) and it redirected to the current page.

DateTime "null" value

If you're using .NET 2.0 (or later) you can use the nullable type:

DateTime? dt = null;

or

Nullable<DateTime> dt = null;

then later:

dt = new DateTime();

And you can check the value with:

if (dt.HasValue)
{
  // Do something with dt.Value
}

Or you can use it like:

DateTime dt2 = dt ?? DateTime.MinValue;

You can read more here:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/b3h38hb0.aspx

What's the fastest way to loop through an array in JavaScript?

Another jsperf.com test: http://jsperf.com/while-reverse-vs-for-cached-length

The reverse while loop seems to be the fastest. Only problem is that while (--i) will stop at 0. How can I access array[0] in my loop then?

Upgrading PHP on CentOS 6.5 (Final)

As Jacob mentioned, the CentOS packages repo appears to only have PHP 5.3 available at the moment. But these commands seemed to work for me...

rpm -Uvh http://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el6/latest.rpm
yum remove php-common       # Need to remove this, otherwise it conflicts
yum install php56w
yum install php56w-mysql
yum install php56w-common
yum install php56w-pdo
yum install php56w-opcache
php --version               # Verify version has been upgraded

You can alternatively use php54w or php55w if required.

CAUTION!
This may potentially break your website if it doesn't fully resolve all your dependencies, so you may need a couple of extra packages in some cases. See here for a list of other PHP 5.6 modules that are available.

If you encounter a problem and need to reset back to the default, you can use these commands:

sudo yum remove php56w
sudo yum remove php56w-common
sudo yum install php-common
sudo yum install php-mysql
sudo yum install php

(Thanks Fabrizio Bartolomucci)

How do I find the length/number of items present for an array?

Do you mean how long is the array itself, or how many customerids are in it?

Because the answer to the first question is easy: 5 (or if you don't want to hard-code it, Ben Stott's answer).

But the answer to the other question cannot be automatically determined. Presumably you have allocated an array of length 5, but will initially have 0 customer IDs in there, and will put them in one at a time, and your question is, "how many customer IDs have I put into the array?"

C can't tell you this. You will need to keep a separate variable, int numCustIds (for example). Every time you put a customer ID into the array, increment that variable. Then you can tell how many you have put in.

What does [object Object] mean?

[object Object] is the default toString representation of an object in javascript.

If you want to know the properties of your object, just foreach over it like this:

for(var property in obj) {
    alert(property + "=" + obj[property]);
}

In your particular case, you are getting a jQuery object. Try doing this instead:

$('#senddvd').click(function ()
{
   alert('hello');
   var a=whichIsVisible();
   alert(whichIsVisible().attr("id"));
});

This should alert the id of the visible element.

How to shrink/purge ibdata1 file in MySQL

When you delete innodb tables, MySQL does not free the space inside the ibdata file, that's why it keeps growing. These files hardly ever shrink.

How to shrink an existing ibdata file:

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/innodb-system-tablespace.html#innodb-resize-system-tablespace

You can script this and schedule the script to run after a fixed period of time, but for the setup described above it seems that multiple tablespaces are an easier solution.

If you use the configuration option innodb_file_per_table, you create multiple tablespaces. That is, MySQL creates separate files for each table instead of one shared file. These separate files a stored in the directory of the database, and they are deleted when you delete this database. This should remove the need to shrink/purge ibdata files in your case.

More information about multiple tablespaces:

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/innodb-file-per-table-tablespaces.html

npm ERR! Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, rename

I had the same problem after updating to npm to 5.4.2, npm start giving the same error for most npm commands. Some solution suggest to run it with --no-optional, but it didn't always work.

Others suggested to downgrade, but I didn't want to downgrade.

I suspected that there was a problem with the installation, not sure what it was.

So I re-updated my npm:

npm i -g npm

and worked fine since then.

Regular expression for exact match of a string

A more straight forward way is to check for equality

if string1 == string2
  puts "match"
else
  puts "not match"
end

however, if you really want to stick to regular expression,

string1 =~ /^123456$/

How to set Internet options for Android emulator?

On a slightly different note, I had to make a virtual device without GSM Modem Support so that the internet on my emulator would work.

Throw keyword in function's signature

A no throw specification on an inlined function that only returns a member variable and could not possibly throw exceptions may be used by some compilers to do pessimizations (a made-up word for the opposite of optimizations) that can have a detrimental effect on performance. This is described in the Boost literature: Exception-specification

With some compilers a no-throw specification on non-inline functions may be beneficial if the correct optimizations are made and the use of that function impacts performance in a way that it justifies it.

To me it sounds like whether to use it or not is a call made by a very critical eye as part of a performance optimization effort, perhaps using profiling tools.

A quote from the above link for those in a hurry (contains an example of bad unintended effects of specifying throw on an inline function from a naive compiler):

Exception-specification rationale

Exception specifications [ISO 15.4] are sometimes coded to indicate what exceptions may be thrown, or because the programmer hopes they will improve performance. But consider the following member from a smart pointer:

T& operator*() const throw() { return *ptr; }

This function calls no other functions; it only manipulates fundamental data types like pointers Therefore, no runtime behavior of the exception-specification can ever be invoked. The function is completely exposed to the compiler; indeed it is declared inline Therefore, a smart compiler can easily deduce that the functions are incapable of throwing exceptions, and make the same optimizations it would have made based on the empty exception-specification. A "dumb" compiler, however, may make all kinds of pessimizations.

For example, some compilers turn off inlining if there is an exception-specification. Some compilers add try/catch blocks. Such pessimizations can be a performance disaster which makes the code unusable in practical applications.

Although initially appealing, an exception-specification tends to have consequences that require very careful thought to understand. The biggest problem with exception-specifications is that programmers use them as though they have the effect the programmer would like, instead of the effect they actually have.

A non-inline function is the one place a "throws nothing" exception-specification may have some benefit with some compilers.

How to save password when using Subversion from the console

I had to edit ~/.subversion/servers. I set store-plaintext-passwords = yes (was no previously). That did the trick. It might be considered insecure though.

Find a class somewhere inside dozens of JAR files?

In eclipse you can use the old but still usable plugin jarsearch

Matplotlib subplots_adjust hspace so titles and xlabels don't overlap?

You can use plt.subplots_adjust to change the spacing between the subplots Link

subplots_adjust(left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None, wspace=None, hspace=None)

left  = 0.125  # the left side of the subplots of the figure
right = 0.9    # the right side of the subplots of the figure
bottom = 0.1   # the bottom of the subplots of the figure
top = 0.9      # the top of the subplots of the figure
wspace = 0.2   # the amount of width reserved for blank space between subplots
hspace = 0.2   # the amount of height reserved for white space between subplots

Add ArrayList to another ArrayList in java

Very first will declare outer Arraylist which will contain another inner Arraylist inside it

ArrayList> CompletesystemStatusArrayList; ArrayList systemStatusArrayList

CompletesystemStatusArrayList=new ArrayList

systemStatusArrayList=new ArrayList();

    systemStatusArrayList.add("1");
    systemStatusArrayList.add("2");
    systemStatusArrayList.add("3");
    systemStatusArrayList.add("4");
    systemStatusArrayList.add("5");
    systemStatusArrayList.add("6");
    systemStatusArrayList.add("7");
    systemStatusArrayList.add("8");

    CompletesystemStatusArrayList.add(systemStatusArrayList);

Setting background color for a JFrame

You can use this code block for JFrame background color.

    JFrame frame = new JFrame("Frame BG color");
    frame.setLayout(null);
    
    frame.setSize(1000, 650);
    frame.getContentPane().setBackground(new Color(5, 65, 90));
    frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.setResizable(false);
    frame.setVisible(true);

How to Get XML Node from XDocument

The .Elements operation returns a LIST of XElements - but what you really want is a SINGLE element. Add this:

XElement Contacts = (from xml2 in XMLDoc.Elements("Contacts").Elements("Node")
                    where xml2.Element("ID").Value == variable
                    select xml2).FirstOrDefault();

This way, you tell LINQ to give you the first (or NULL, if none are there) from that LIST of XElements you're selecting.

Marc

How to increase memory limit for PHP over 2GB?

I would suggest you are looking at the problem in the wrong light. The questtion should be 'what am i doing that needs 2G memory inside a apache process with Php via apache module and is this tool set best suited for the job?'

Yes you can strap a rocket onto a ford pinto, but it's probably not the right solution.

Regardless, I'll provide the rocket if you really need it... you can add to the top of the script.

ini_set('memory_limit','2048M');

This will set it for just the script. You will still need to tell apache to allow that much for a php script (I think).

How do I handle ImeOptions' done button click?

I know this question is old, but I want to point out what worked for me.

I tried using the sample code from the Android Developers website (shown below), but it didn't work. So I checked the EditorInfo class, and I realized that the IME_ACTION_SEND integer value was specified as 0x00000004.

Sample code from Android Developers:

editTextEmail = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextEmail);
editTextEmail
        .setOnEditorActionListener(new OnEditorActionListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onEditorAction(TextView v, int actionId,
                    KeyEvent event) {
                boolean handled = false;
                if (actionId == EditorInfo.IME_ACTION_SEND) {
                    /* handle action here */
                    handled = true;
                }
                return handled;
            }
        });

So, I added the integer value to my res/values/integers.xml file.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <integer name="send">0x00000004</integer>
</resources>

Then, I edited my layout file res/layouts/activity_home.xml as follows

<EditText android:id="@+id/editTextEmail"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:imeActionId="@integer/send"
  android:imeActionLabel="@+string/send_label"
  android:imeOptions="actionSend"
  android:inputType="textEmailAddress"/>

And then, the sample code worked.

Generating random numbers with normal distribution in Excel

About the recalculation:

You can keep your set of random values from changing every time you make an adjustment, by adjusting the automatic recalculation, to: manual recalculate. (Re)calculations are then only done when you press F9. Or shift F9.

See this link (though for older excel version than the current 2013) for some info about it: https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Change-formula-recalculation-iteration-or-precision-73fc7dac-91cf-4d36-86e8-67124f6bcce4.

Error message: "'chromedriver' executable needs to be available in the path"

I see the discussions still talk about the old way of setting up chromedriver by downloading the binary and configuring the path manually.

This can be done automatically using webdriver-manager

pip install webdriver-manager

Now the above code in the question will work simply with below change,

from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager

driver = webdriver.Chrome(ChromeDriverManager().install())

The same can be used to set Firefox, Edge and ie binaries.

How to concat two ArrayLists?

var arr3 = new arraylist();
for(int i=0, j=0, k=0; i<arr1.size()+arr2.size(); i++){
    if(i&1)
        arr3.add(arr1[j++]);
    else
        arr3.add(arr2[k++]);
}

as you say, "the names and numbers beside each other".

convert float into varchar in SQL server without scientific notation

You will have to test your data VERY well. This can get messy. Here is an example of results simply by multiplying the value by 10. Run this to see what happens. On my SQL Server 2017 box, at the 3rd query I get a bunch of *********. If you CAST as BIGINT it should work every time. But if you don't and don't test enough data you could run into problems later on, so don't get sucked into thinking it will work on all of your data unless you test the maximum expected value.

 Declare @Floater AS FLOAT =100000003.141592653
    SELECT CAST(ROUND(@Floater,0) AS VARCHAR(30) ), 
            CONVERT(VARCHAR(100),ROUND(@Floater,0)), 
            STR(@Floater)

    SET  @Floater =@Floater *10
    SELECT CAST(ROUND(@Floater,0) AS VARCHAR(30) ), 
            CONVERT(VARCHAR(100),ROUND(@Floater,0)), 
            STR(@Floater)

    SET  @Floater =@Floater *100
    SELECT CAST(ROUND(@Floater,0) AS VARCHAR(30) ), 
            CONVERT(VARCHAR(100),ROUND(@Floater,0)), 
            STR(@Floater)

Combine Date and Time columns using python pandas

The accepted answer works for columns that are of datatype string. For completeness: I come across this question when searching how to do this when the columns are of datatypes: date and time.

df.apply(lambda r : pd.datetime.combine(r['date_column_name'],r['time_column_name']),1)

sudo in php exec()

php: the bash console is created, and it executes 1st script, which call sudo to the second one, see below:

$dev = $_GET['device'];
$cmd = '/bin/bash /home/www/start.bash '.$dev;
echo $cmd;
shell_exec($cmd);
  1. /home/www/start.bash

    #!/bin/bash
    /usr/bin/sudo /home/www/myMount.bash $1
    
  2. myMount.bash:

    #!/bin/bash
    function error_exit
    {
      echo "Wrong parameter" 1>&2
      exit 1
    }
    ..........
    

oc, you want to run script from root level without root privileges, to do that create and modify the /etc/sudoers.d/mount file:

www-data ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD:/home/www/myMount.bash

dont forget to chmod:

sudo chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/mount

How to find index position of an element in a list when contains returns true

Use List.indexOf(). This will give you the first match when there are multiple duplicates.

Fast Bitmap Blur For Android SDK

Here is a realtime blurring overlay using RenderScript, which seems to be fast enough.

https://github.com/mmin18/RealtimeBlurView

How to Define Callbacks in Android?

No need to define a new interface when you can use an existing one: android.os.Handler.Callback. Pass an object of type Callback, and invoke callback's handleMessage(Message msg).

scp with port number specified

There are many answers, but you should just be able to keep it simple. Make sure you know what port SSH is listening on, and define it. Here is what I just used to replicate your problem.

scp -P 12222 file.7z [email protected]:/home/user/Downloads It worked out well.

Using node.js as a simple web server

A slightly more verbose express 4.x version but that provides directory listing, compression, caching and requests logging in a minimal number of lines

var express = require('express');
var compress = require('compression');
var directory = require('serve-index');
var morgan = require('morgan'); //logging for express

var app = express();

var oneDay = 86400000;

app.use(compress());
app.use(morgan());
app.use(express.static('filesdir', { maxAge: oneDay }));
app.use(directory('filesdir', {'icons': true}))

app.listen(process.env.PORT || 8000);

console.log("Ready To serve files !")

installing python packages without internet and using source code as .tar.gz and .whl

This isn't an answer. I was struggling but then realized that my install was trying to connect to internet to download dependencies.

So, I downloaded and installed dependencies first and then installed with below command. It worked

python -m pip install filename.tar.gz

Deleting all pending tasks in celery / rabbitmq

If you want to remove all pending tasks and also the active and reserved ones to completely stop Celery, this is what worked for me:

from proj.celery import app
from celery.task.control import inspect, revoke

# remove pending tasks
app.control.purge()

# remove active tasks
i = inspect()
jobs = i.active()
for hostname in jobs:
    tasks = jobs[hostname]
    for task in tasks:
        revoke(task['id'], terminate=True)

# remove reserved tasks
jobs = i.reserved()
for hostname in jobs:
    tasks = jobs[hostname]
    for task in tasks:
        revoke(task['id'], terminate=True)

Unicode (UTF-8) reading and writing to files in Python

In the notation

u'Capit\xe1n\n'

the "\xe1" represents just one byte. "\x" tells you that "e1" is in hexadecimal. When you write

Capit\xc3\xa1n

into your file you have "\xc3" in it. Those are 4 bytes and in your code you read them all. You can see this when you display them:

>>> open('f2').read()
'Capit\\xc3\\xa1n\n'

You can see that the backslash is escaped by a backslash. So you have four bytes in your string: "\", "x", "c" and "3".

Edit:

As others pointed out in their answers you should just enter the characters in the editor and your editor should then handle the conversion to UTF-8 and save it.

If you actually have a string in this format you can use the string_escape codec to decode it into a normal string:

In [15]: print 'Capit\\xc3\\xa1n\n'.decode('string_escape')
Capitán

The result is a string that is encoded in UTF-8 where the accented character is represented by the two bytes that were written \\xc3\\xa1 in the original string. If you want to have a unicode string you have to decode again with UTF-8.

To your edit: you don't have UTF-8 in your file. To actually see how it would look like:

s = u'Capit\xe1n\n'
sutf8 = s.encode('UTF-8')
open('utf-8.out', 'w').write(sutf8)

Compare the content of the file utf-8.out to the content of the file you saved with your editor.

What is this: [Ljava.lang.Object;?

[Ljava.lang.Object; is the name for Object[].class, the java.lang.Class representing the class of array of Object.

The naming scheme is documented in Class.getName():

If this class object represents a reference type that is not an array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified by the Java Language Specification (§13.1).

If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the name returned is the Java language keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.

If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by one or more '[' characters representing the depth of the array nesting. The encoding of element type names is as follows:

Element Type        Encoding
boolean             Z
byte                B
char                C
double              D
float               F
int                 I
long                J
short               S 
class or interface  Lclassname;

Yours is the last on that list. Here are some examples:

// xxxxx varies
System.out.println(new int[0][0][7]); // [[[I@xxxxx
System.out.println(new String[4][2]); // [[Ljava.lang.String;@xxxxx
System.out.println(new boolean[256]); // [Z@xxxxx

The reason why the toString() method on arrays returns String in this format is because arrays do not @Override the method inherited from Object, which is specified as follows:

The toString method for class Object returns a string consisting of the name of the class of which the object is an instance, the at-sign character `@', and the unsigned hexadecimal representation of the hash code of the object. In other words, this method returns a string equal to the value of:

getClass().getName() + '@' + Integer.toHexString(hashCode())

Note: you can not rely on the toString() of any arbitrary object to follow the above specification, since they can (and usually do) @Override it to return something else. The more reliable way of inspecting the type of an arbitrary object is to invoke getClass() on it (a final method inherited from Object) and then reflecting on the returned Class object. Ideally, though, the API should've been designed such that reflection is not necessary (see Effective Java 2nd Edition, Item 53: Prefer interfaces to reflection).


On a more "useful" toString for arrays

java.util.Arrays provides toString overloads for primitive arrays and Object[]. There is also deepToString that you may want to use for nested arrays.

Here are some examples:

int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3 };

System.out.println(nums);
// [I@xxxxx

System.out.println(Arrays.toString(nums));
// [1, 2, 3]

int[][] table = {
        { 1, },
        { 2, 3, },
        { 4, 5, 6, },
};

System.out.println(Arrays.toString(table));
// [[I@xxxxx, [I@yyyyy, [I@zzzzz]

System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(table));
// [[1], [2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

There are also Arrays.equals and Arrays.deepEquals that perform array equality comparison by their elements, among many other array-related utility methods.

Related questions

LINQ query to find if items in a list are contained in another list

List<string> test1 = new List<string> { "@bob.com", "@tom.com" };
List<string> test2 = new List<string> { "[email protected]", "[email protected]", "[email protected]" };

var result = (from t2 in test2
              where test1.Any(t => t2.Contains(t)) == false
              select t2);

If query form is what you want to use, this is legible and more or less as "performant" as this could be.

What i mean is that what you are trying to do is an O(N*M) algorithm, that is, you have to traverse N items and compare them against M values. What you want is to traverse the first list only once, and compare against the other list just as many times as needed (worst case is when the email is valid since it has to compare against every black listed domain).

from t2 in test we loop the email list once.

test1.Any(t => t2.Contains(t)) == false we compare with the blacklist and when we found one match return (hence not comparing against the whole list if is not needed)

select t2 keep the ones that are clean.

So this is what I would use.

"Char cannot be dereferenced" error

A char doesn't have any methods - it's a Java primitive. You're looking for the Character wrapper class.

The usage would be:

if(Character.isLetter(ch)) { //... }

adding x and y axis labels in ggplot2

since the data ex1221new was not given, so I have created a dummy data and added it to a data frame. Also, the question which was asked has few changes in codes like then ggplot package has deprecated the use of

"scale_area()" and nows uses scale_size_area()
"opts()" has changed to theme()

In my answer,I have stored the plot in mygraph variable and then I have used

mygraph$labels$x="Discharge of materials" #changes x axis title
       mygraph$labels$y="Area Affected" # changes y axis title

And the work is done. Below is the complete answer.

install.packages("Sleuth2")
library(Sleuth2)
library(ggplot2)

ex1221new<-data.frame(Discharge<-c(100:109),Area<-c(120:129),NO3<-seq(2,5,length.out = 10))
discharge<-ex1221new$Discharge
area<-ex1221new$Area
nitrogen<-ex1221new$NO3
p <- ggplot(ex1221new, aes(discharge, area), main="Point")
mygraph<-p + geom_point(aes(size= nitrogen)) + 
  scale_size_area() + ggtitle("Weighted Scatterplot of Watershed Area vs. Discharge and Nitrogen Levels (PPM)")+
theme(
 plot.title =  element_text(color="Blue", size=30, hjust = 0.5), 

 # change the styling of both the axis simultaneously from this-
 axis.title = element_text(color = "Green", size = 20, family="Courier",)
 

   # you can change the  axis title from the code below
   mygraph$labels$x="Discharge of materials" #changes x axis title
   mygraph$labels$y="Area Affected" # changes y axis title
   mygraph



   

Also, you can change the labels title from the same formula used above -

mygraph$labels$size= "N2" #size contains the nitrogen level 

How do I get the opposite (negation) of a Boolean in Python?

Python has a "not" operator, right? Is it not just "not"? As in,

  return not bool

Fade In on Scroll Down, Fade Out on Scroll Up - based on element position in window

The reason your attempt wasn't working, is because the two animations (fade-in and fade-out) were working against each other.

Right before an object became visible, it was still invisible and so the animation for fading-out would run. Then, the fraction of a second later when that same object had become visible, the fade-in animation would try to run, but the fade-out was still running. So they would work against each other and you would see nothing.

Eventually the object would become visible (most of the time), but it would take a while. And if you would scroll down by using the arrow-button at the button of the scrollbar, the animation would sort of work, because you would scroll using bigger increments, creating less scroll-events.


Enough explanation, the solution (JS, CSS, HTML):

_x000D_
_x000D_
$(window).on("load",function() {_x000D_
  $(window).scroll(function() {_x000D_
    var windowBottom = $(this).scrollTop() + $(this).innerHeight();_x000D_
    $(".fade").each(function() {_x000D_
      /* Check the location of each desired element */_x000D_
      var objectBottom = $(this).offset().top + $(this).outerHeight();_x000D_
      _x000D_
      /* If the element is completely within bounds of the window, fade it in */_x000D_
      if (objectBottom < windowBottom) { //object comes into view (scrolling down)_x000D_
        if ($(this).css("opacity")==0) {$(this).fadeTo(500,1);}_x000D_
      } else { //object goes out of view (scrolling up)_x000D_
        if ($(this).css("opacity")==1) {$(this).fadeTo(500,0);}_x000D_
      }_x000D_
    });_x000D_
  }).scroll(); //invoke scroll-handler on page-load_x000D_
});
_x000D_
.fade {_x000D_
  margin: 50px;_x000D_
  padding: 50px;_x000D_
  background-color: lightgreen;_x000D_
  opacity: 1;_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script>_x000D_
_x000D_
<div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 01</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 02</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 03</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 04</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 05</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 06</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 07</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 08</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 09</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 10</div>_x000D_
</div>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_ (fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/eLwex993/2/)

  • I wrapped the fade-codeline in an if-clause: if ($(this).css("opacity")==0) {...}. This makes sure the object is only faded in when the opacity is 0. Same goes for fading out. And this prevents the fade-in and fade-out from working against each other, because now there's ever only one of the two running at one time on an object.
  • I changed .animate() to .fadeTo(). It's jQuery's specialized function for opacity, a lot shorter to write and probably lighter than animate.
  • I changed .position() to .offset(). This always calculates relative to the body, whereas position is relative to the parent. For your case I believe offset is the way to go.
  • I changed $(window).height() to $(window).innerHeight(). The latter is more reliable in my experience.
  • Directly after the scroll-handler, I invoke that handler once on page-load with $(window).scroll();. Now you can give all desired objects on the page the .fade class, and objects that should be invisible at page-load, will be faded out immediately.
  • I removed #container from both HTML and CSS, because (at least for this answer) it isn't necessary. (I thought maybe you needed the height:2000px because you used .position() instead of .offset(), otherwise I don't know. Feel free of course to leave it in your code.)

UPDATE

If you want opacity values other than 0 and 1, use the following code:

_x000D_
_x000D_
$(window).on("load",function() {_x000D_
  function fade(pageLoad) {_x000D_
    var windowBottom = $(window).scrollTop() + $(window).innerHeight();_x000D_
    var min = 0.3;_x000D_
    var max = 0.7;_x000D_
    var threshold = 0.01;_x000D_
    _x000D_
    $(".fade").each(function() {_x000D_
      /* Check the location of each desired element */_x000D_
      var objectBottom = $(this).offset().top + $(this).outerHeight();_x000D_
      _x000D_
      /* If the element is completely within bounds of the window, fade it in */_x000D_
      if (objectBottom < windowBottom) { //object comes into view (scrolling down)_x000D_
        if ($(this).css("opacity")<=min+threshold || pageLoad) {$(this).fadeTo(500,max);}_x000D_
      } else { //object goes out of view (scrolling up)_x000D_
        if ($(this).css("opacity")>=max-threshold || pageLoad) {$(this).fadeTo(500,min);}_x000D_
      }_x000D_
    });_x000D_
  } fade(true); //fade elements on page-load_x000D_
  $(window).scroll(function(){fade(false);}); //fade elements on scroll_x000D_
});
_x000D_
.fade {_x000D_
  margin: 50px;_x000D_
  padding: 50px;_x000D_
  background-color: lightgreen;_x000D_
  opacity: 1;_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script>_x000D_
_x000D_
<div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 01</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 02</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 03</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 04</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 05</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 06</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 07</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 08</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 09</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 10</div>_x000D_
</div>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_ (fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/eLwex993/3/)

  • I added a threshold to the if-clause, see explanation below.
  • I created variables for the threshold and for min/max at the start of the function. In the rest of the function these variables are referenced. This way, if you ever want to change the values again, you only have to do it in one place.
  • I also added || pageLoad to the if-clause. This was necessary to make sure all objects are faded to the correct opacity on page-load. pageLoad is a boolean that is send along as an argument when fade() is invoked.
    I had to put the fade-code inside the extra function fade() {...}, in order to be able to send along the pageLoad boolean when the scroll-handler is invoked.
    I did't see any other way to do this, if anyone else does, please leave a comment.

Explanation:
The reason the code in your fiddle didn't work, is because the actual opacity values are always a little off from the value you set it to. So if you set the opacity to 0.3, the actual value (in this case) is 0.300000011920929. That's just one of those little bugs you have to learn along the way by trail and error. That's why this if-clause won't work: if ($(this).css("opacity") == 0.3) {...}.

I added a threshold, to take that difference into account: == 0.3 becomes <= 0.31.
(I've set the threshold to 0.01, this can be changed of course, just as long as the actual opacity will fall between the set value and this threshold.)

The operators are now changed from == to <= and >=.


UPDATE 2:

If you want to fade the elements based on their visible percentage, use the following code:

_x000D_
_x000D_
$(window).on("load",function() {_x000D_
  function fade(pageLoad) {_x000D_
    var windowTop=$(window).scrollTop(), windowBottom=windowTop+$(window).innerHeight();_x000D_
    var min=0.3, max=0.7, threshold=0.01;_x000D_
    _x000D_
    $(".fade").each(function() {_x000D_
      /* Check the location of each desired element */_x000D_
      var objectHeight=$(this).outerHeight(), objectTop=$(this).offset().top, objectBottom=$(this).offset().top+objectHeight;_x000D_
      _x000D_
      /* Fade element in/out based on its visible percentage */_x000D_
      if (objectTop < windowTop) {_x000D_
        if (objectBottom > windowTop) {$(this).fadeTo(0,min+((max-min)*((objectBottom-windowTop)/objectHeight)));}_x000D_
        else if ($(this).css("opacity")>=min+threshold || pageLoad) {$(this).fadeTo(0,min);}_x000D_
      } else if (objectBottom > windowBottom) {_x000D_
        if (objectTop < windowBottom) {$(this).fadeTo(0,min+((max-min)*((windowBottom-objectTop)/objectHeight)));}_x000D_
        else if ($(this).css("opacity")>=min+threshold || pageLoad) {$(this).fadeTo(0,min);}_x000D_
      } else if ($(this).css("opacity")<=max-threshold || pageLoad) {$(this).fadeTo(0,max);}_x000D_
    });_x000D_
  } fade(true); //fade elements on page-load_x000D_
  $(window).scroll(function(){fade(false);}); //fade elements on scroll_x000D_
});
_x000D_
.fade {_x000D_
  margin: 50px;_x000D_
  padding: 50px;_x000D_
  background-color: lightgreen;_x000D_
  opacity: 1;_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script>_x000D_
_x000D_
<div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 01</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 02</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 03</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 04</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 05</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 06</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 07</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 08</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 09</div>_x000D_
  <div class="fade">Fade In 10</div>_x000D_
</div>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_ (fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/eLwex993/5/)

How do I convert csv file to rdd

We can use the new DataFrameRDD for reading and writing the CSV data. There are few advantages of DataFrameRDD over NormalRDD:

  1. DataFrameRDD are bit more faster than NormalRDD since we determine the schema and which helps to optimize a lot on runtime and provide us with significant performance gain.
  2. Even if the column shifts in CSV it will automatically take the correct column as we are not hard coding the column number which was present in reading the data as textFile and then splitting it and then using the number of column to get the data.
  3. In few lines of code you can read the CSV file directly.

You will be required to have this library: Add it in build.sbt

libraryDependencies += "com.databricks" % "spark-csv_2.10" % "1.2.0"

Spark Scala code for it:

val sc = new SparkContext(conf)
val sqlContext = new SQLContext(sc)
val csvInPath = "/path/to/csv/abc.csv"
val df = sqlContext.read.format("com.databricks.spark.csv").option("header","true").load(csvInPath)
//format is for specifying the type of file you are reading
//header = true indicates that the first line is header in it

To convert to normal RDD by taking some of the columns from it and

val rddData = df.map(x=>Row(x.getAs("colA")))
//Do other RDD operation on it

Saving the RDD to CSV format:

val aDf = sqlContext.createDataFrame(rddData,StructType(Array(StructField("colANew",StringType,true))))
aDF.write.format("com.databricks.spark.csv").option("header","true").save("/csvOutPath/aCSVOp")

Since the header is set to true we will be getting the header name in all the output files.

How to rollback everything to previous commit

I searched for multiple options to get my git reset to specific commit, but most of them aren't so satisfactory.

I generally use this to reset the git to the specific commit in source tree.

  1. select commit to reset on sourcetree.

  2. In dropdowns select the active branch , first Parent Only

  3. And right click on "Reset branch to this commit" and select hard reset option (soft, mixed and hard)

  4. and then go to terminal git push -f

You should be all set!

Script to get the HTTP status code of a list of urls?

Due to https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashPitfalls#Non-atomic_writes_with_xargs_-P (output from parallel jobs in xargs risks being mixed), I would use GNU Parallel instead of xargs to parallelize:

cat url.lst |
  parallel -P0 -q curl -o /dev/null --silent --head --write-out '%{url_effective}: %{http_code}\n' > outfile

In this particular case it may be safe to use xargs because the output is so short, so the problem with using xargs is rather that if someone later changes the code to do something bigger, it will no longer be safe. Or if someone reads this question and thinks he can replace curl with something else, then that may also not be safe.

I would like to see a hash_map example in C++

#include <tr1/unordered_map> will get you next-standard C++ unique hash container. Usage:

std::tr1::unordered_map<std::string,int> my_map;
my_map["answer"] = 42;
printf( "The answer to life and everything is: %d\n", my_map["answer"] );

Android: Align button to bottom-right of screen using FrameLayout?

Setting android:layout_gravity="bottom|right" worked for me

.NET Out Of Memory Exception - Used 1.3GB but have 16GB installed

It looks like you have a 64bit arch, fine -- but a 32bit version of the .NET runtime and/or a 32bit version of Windows.

And as such, the address space available to your process is still the same, it has not changed from your previous setup.

Upgrade to both a 64bit OS and a 64bit .NET version ;)

laravel-5 passing variable to JavaScript

The best way for me was to put it in a hidden div in php blade

<div hidden id="token">{{$token}}</div>

then call it in javascript as a constant to avoid undefined var errors

const token = document.querySelector('div[id=token]').textContent

// console.log(token)
// eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJhdWQiOiI5MjNlOTcyMi02N2NmLTQ4M2UtYTk4Mi01YmE5YTI0Y2M2MzMiLCJqdGkiOiI2Y2I1ZGRhNzRhZjNhYTkwNzA3ZjMzMDFiYjBiZDUzNTZjNjYxMGUyZWJlNmYzOTI5NzBmMjNjNDdiNjhjY2FiYjI0ZWVmMzYwZmNiZDBmNyIsImlhdCI6IjE2MDgwODMyNTYuNTE2NjE4IiwibmJmIjoiMTYwODA4MzI1Ni41MTY2MjUiLCJleHAiOiIxNjIzODA4MDU2LjMxMTg5NSIsInN1YiI6IjUiLCJzY29wZXMiOlsiYWRtaW4iXX0.GbKZ8CIjt3otzFyE5aZEkNBCtn75ApIfS6QbnD6z0nxDjycknQaQYz2EGems9Z3Qjabe5PA9zL1mVnycCieeQfpLvWL9xDu9hKkIMs006Sznrp8gWy6JK8qX4Xx3GkzWEx8Z7ZZmhsKUgEyRkqnKJ-1BqC2tTiTBqBAO6pK_Pz7H74gV95dsMiys9afPKP5ztW93kwaC-pj4h-vv-GftXXc6XDnUhTppT4qxn1r2Hf7k-NXE_IHq4ZPb20LRXboH0RnbJgq2JA1E3WFX5_a6FeWJvLlLnGGNOT0ocdNZq7nTGWwfocHlv6pH0NFaKa3hLoRh79d5KO_nysPVCDt7jYOMnpiq8ybIbe3oYjlWyk_rdQ9067bnsfxyexQwLC3IJpAH27Az8FQuOQMZg2HJhK8WtWUph5bsYUU0O2uPG8HY9922yTGYwzeMEdAqBss85jdpMNuECtlIFM1Pc4S-0nrCtBE_tNXn8ATDrm6FecdSK8KnnrCOSsZhR04MvTyznqCMAnKtN_vMDpmIAmPd181UanjO_kxR7QIlsEmT_UhM1MBmyfdIEvHkgLgUdUouonjQNvOKwCrrgDkP0hkZQff-iuHPwpL-CUjw7GPa70lp-TIDhfei8T90RkAXte1XKv7ku3sgENHTwPrL9QSrNtdc5MfB9AbUV-tFMJn9T7k

Serving static web resources in Spring Boot & Spring Security application

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        String[] resources = new String[]{
                "/", "/home","/pictureCheckCode","/include/**",
                "/css/**","/icons/**","/images/**","/js/**","/layer/**"
        };

        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers(resources).permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
            .formLogin()
                .loginPage("/login")
                .permitAll()
                .and()
            .logout().logoutUrl("/404")
                .permitAll();
        super.configure(http);
    }
}

Datatables warning(table id = 'example'): cannot reinitialise data table

This problem occurs if we initialize dataTable more than once.Then we have to remove the previous.

On the other hand we can destroy the old datatable in this way also before creating the new datatable use the following code :

$(“#example”).dataTable().fnDestroy();

There is an another scenario ,say you send more than one ajax request which response will access same table in same template then we will get error also.In this case fnDestroy method doesn’t work properly because you don’t know which response comes first or later.Then you have to set bRetrieve TRUE in data table configuration.That’s it.

This is My senario:

<script type="text/javascript">

$(document).ready(function () {

        $('#DatatableNone').dataTable({
            "bDestroy": true
        }).fnDestroy();

        $('#DatatableOne').dataTable({
            "aoColumnDefs": [{
                "bSortable": false,
                "aTargets": ["sorting_disabled"]
            }],
            "bDestroy": true
        }).fnDestroy();

});

</script>

Storing money in a decimal column - what precision and scale?

I would think that for a large part your or your client's requirements should dictate what precision and scale to use. For example, for the e-commerce website I am working on that deals with money in GBP only, I have been required to keep it to Decimal( 6, 2 ).

Virtual/pure virtual explained

A virtual function is a member function that is declared in a base class and that is redefined by derived class. Virtual function are hierarchical in order of inheritance. When a derived class does not override a virtual function, the function defined within its base class is used.

A pure virtual function is one that contains no definition relative to the base class. It has no implementation in the base class. Any derived class must override this function.

How to make a page redirect using JavaScript?

You can call a JavaScript function and use window.location = 'url';:

http://www.pageresource.com/jscript/jredir.htm

AngularJs: How to check for changes in file input fields?

No binding support for File Upload control

https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/1375

<div ng-controller="form-cntlr">
        <form>
             <button ng-click="selectFile()">Upload Your File</button>
             <input type="file" style="display:none" 
                id="file" name='file' onchange="angular.element(this).scope().fileNameChanged(this)" />
        </form>  
    </div>

instead of

 <input type="file" style="display:none" 
    id="file" name='file' ng-Change="fileNameChanged()" />

can you try

<input type="file" style="display:none" 
    id="file" name='file' onchange="angular.element(this).scope().fileNameChanged()" />

Note: this requires the angular application to always be in debug mode. This will not work in production code if debug mode is disabled.

and in your function changes instead of

$scope.fileNameChanged = function() {
   alert("select file");
}

can you try

$scope.fileNameChanged = function() {
  console.log("select file");
}

Below is one working example of file upload with drag drop file upload may be helpful http://jsfiddle.net/danielzen/utp7j/

Angular File Upload Information

URL for AngularJS File Upload in ASP.Net

http://cgeers.com/2013/05/03/angularjs-file-upload/

AngularJs native multi-file upload with progress with NodeJS

http://jasonturim.wordpress.com/2013/09/12/angularjs-native-multi-file-upload-with-progress/

ngUpload - An AngularJS Service for uploading files using iframe

http://ngmodules.org/modules/ngUpload

Normalize data in pandas

In [92]: df
Out[92]:
           a         b          c         d
A  -0.488816  0.863769   4.325608 -4.721202
B -11.937097  2.993993 -12.916784 -1.086236
C  -5.569493  4.672679  -2.168464 -9.315900
D   8.892368  0.932785   4.535396  0.598124

In [93]: df_norm = (df - df.mean()) / (df.max() - df.min())

In [94]: df_norm
Out[94]:
          a         b         c         d
A  0.085789 -0.394348  0.337016 -0.109935
B -0.463830  0.164926 -0.650963  0.256714
C -0.158129  0.605652 -0.035090 -0.573389
D  0.536170 -0.376229  0.349037  0.426611

In [95]: df_norm.mean()
Out[95]:
a   -2.081668e-17
b    4.857226e-17
c    1.734723e-17
d   -1.040834e-17

In [96]: df_norm.max() - df_norm.min()
Out[96]:
a    1
b    1
c    1
d    1

Not able to pip install pickle in python 3.6

pickle module is part of the standard library in Python for a very long time now so there is no need to install it via pip. I wonder if you IDE or command line is not messed up somehow so that it does not find python installation path. Please check if your %PATH% contains a path to python (e.g. C:\Python36\ or something similar) or if your IDE correctly detects root path where Python is installed.

What does %~d0 mean in a Windows batch file?

This code explains the use of the ~tilda character, which was the most confusing thing to me. Once I understood this, it makes things much easier to understand:

@ECHO off
SET "PATH=%~dp0;%PATH%"
ECHO %PATH%
ECHO.
CALL :testargs "these are days" "when the brave endure"
GOTO :pauseit
:testargs
SET ARGS=%~1;%~2;%1;%2
ECHO %ARGS%
ECHO.
exit /B 0
:pauseit
pause

C# switch on type

I have used this form of switch-case on rare occasion. Even then I have found another way to do what I wanted. If you find that this is the only way to accomplish what you need, I would recommend @Mark H's solution.

If this is intended to be a sort of factory creation decision process, there are better ways to do it. Otherwise, I really can't see why you want to use the switch on a type.

Here is a little example expanding on Mark's solution. I think it is a great way to work with types:

Dictionary<Type, Action> typeTests;

public ClassCtor()
{
    typeTests = new Dictionary<Type, Action> ();

    typeTests[typeof(int)] = () => DoIntegerStuff();
    typeTests[typeof(string)] = () => DoStringStuff();
    typeTests[typeof(bool)] = () => DoBooleanStuff();
}

private void DoBooleanStuff()
{
   //do stuff
}

private void DoStringStuff()
{
    //do stuff
}

private void DoIntegerStuff()
{
    //do stuff
}

public Action CheckTypeAction(Type TypeToTest)
{
    if (typeTests.Keys.Contains(TypeToTest))
        return typeTests[TypeToTest];

    return null; // or some other Action delegate
}

Python IndentationError: unexpected indent

You can't mix tab and spaces for identation. Best practice is to convert all tabs to spaces.

How to fix this? Well just delete all the spaces/tabs before each line and convert them uniformly either to tabs OR spaces, but don't mix. Best solution: enable in your Editor the option to convert automagically any tabs to spaces.

Also be aware that your actual problem may lie in the lines before this block, and python throws the error here, because of a leading invalid indentation which doesn't match the following identations!

What does "&" at the end of a linux command mean?

When not told otherwise commands take over the foreground. You only have one "foreground" process running in a single shell session. The & symbol instructs commands to run in a background process and immediately returns to the command line for additional commands.

sh my_script.sh &

A background process will not stay alive after the shell session is closed. SIGHUP terminates all running processes. By default anyway. If your command is long-running or runs indefinitely (ie: microservice) you need to pr-pend it with nohup so it remains running after you disconnect from the session:

nohup sh my_script.sh &

EDIT: There does appear to be a gray area regarding the closing of background processes when & is used. Just be aware that the shell may close your process depending on your OS and local configurations (particularly on CENTOS/RHEL): https://serverfault.com/a/117157.

How do I read image data from a URL in Python?

The arguably recommended way to do image input/output these days is to use the dedicated package ImageIO. Image data can be read directly from a URL with one simple line of code:

from imageio import imread
image = imread('https://cdn.sstatic.net/Sites/stackoverflow/img/logo.png')

Many answers on this page predate the release of that package and therefore do not mention it. ImageIO started out as component of the Scikit-Image toolkit. It supports a number of scientific formats on top of the ones provided by the popular image-processing library PILlow. It wraps it all in a clean API solely focused on image input/output. In fact, SciPy removed its own image reader/writer in favor of ImageIO.

What does "hard coded" mean?

Scenario

In a college there are many students doing different courses, and after an examination we have to prepare a marks card showing grade. I can calculate grade two ways

1. I can write some code like this

    if(totalMark <= 100 && totalMark > 90) { grade = "A+"; }
    else if(totalMark <= 90 && totalMark > 80) { grade = "A"; }
    else if(totalMark <= 80 && totalMark > 70) { grade = "B"; }
    else if(totalMark <= 70 && totalMark > 60) { grade = "C"; }

2. You can ask user to enter grade definition some where and save that data

Something like storing into a database table enter image description here

In the first case the grade is common for all the courses and if the rule changes the code needs to be changed. But for second case we are giving user the provision to enter grade based on their requirement. So the code will be not be changed when the grade rules changes.

That's the important thing when you give more provision for users to define business logic. The first case is nothing but Hard Coding.

So in your question if you ask the user to enter the path of the file at the start, then you can remove the hard coded path in your code.

CSS div 100% height

I have another suggestion. When you want myDiv to have a height of 100%, use these extra 3 attributes on your div:

myDiv {
    min-height: 100%;
    overflow-y: hidden;
    position: relative;
}

That should do the job!

Tomcat 8 is not able to handle get request with '|' in query parameters?

This behavior is introduced in all major Tomcat releases:

  • Tomcat 7.0.73, 8.0.39, 8.5.7

To fix, do one of the following:

  • set relaxedQueryChars to allow this character (recommended, see Lincoln's answer)
  • set requestTargetAllow option (deprecated in Tomcat 8.5) (see Jérémie's answer).
  • you can downgrade to one of older versions (not recommended - security)

Based on changelog, those changes could affect this behavior:

Tomcat 8.5.3:

Ensure that requests with HTTP method names that are not tokens (as required by RFC 7231) are rejected with a 400 response

Tomcat 8.5.7:

Add additional checks for valid characters to the HTTP request line parsing so invalid request lines are rejected sooner.


The best option (following the standard) - you want to encode your URL on client:

encodeURI("http://localhost:8080/app/handleResponse?msg=name|id|")
> http://localhost:8080/app/handleResponse?msg=name%7Cid%7C

or just query string:

encodeURIComponent("msg=name|id|")
> msg%3Dname%7Cid%7C

It will secure you from other problematic characters (list of invalid URI characters).

How to prevent text in a table cell from wrapping

Have a look at the white-space property, used like this:

th {
    white-space: nowrap;
}

This will force the contents of <th> to display on one line.

From linked page, here are the various options for white-space:

normal
This value directs user agents to collapse sequences of white space, and break lines as necessary to fill line boxes.

pre
This value prevents user agents from collapsing sequences of white space. Lines are only broken at preserved newline characters.

nowrap
This value collapses white space as for 'normal', but suppresses line breaks within text.

pre-wrap
This value prevents user agents from collapsing sequences of white space. Lines are broken at preserved newline characters, and as necessary to fill line boxes.

pre-line
This value directs user agents to collapse sequences of white space. Lines are broken at preserved newline characters, and as necessary to fill line boxes.

Retrieving an element from array list in Android?

What I understand your question is that you want to fetch an element in an ArrayList at a specific location.

Suppose your list contains Integers 1,2,3,4,5 and you want to fetch the value 3. Then the following lines of code will work.

ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        if(list.contains(3)){//check if the list contains the element
            list.get(list.indexOf(3));//get the element by passing the index of the element
        }

Either ways you could use list.get(list.lastIndexOf(3))

the best way to make codeigniter website multi-language. calling from lang arrays depends on lang session?

For easier use CI have updated this so you can just use

$this->load->helper('language');

and to translate text

lang('language line');

and if you want to warp it inside label then use optional parameter

lang('language line', 'element id');

This will output

// becomes <label for="form_item_id">language_key</label>

For good reading http://ellislab.com/codeigniter/user-guide/helpers/language_helper.html

Selecting Values from Oracle Table Variable / Array?

The sql array type is not neccessary. Not if the element type is a primitive one. (Varchar, number, date,...)

Very basic sample:

declare
  type TPidmList is table of sgbstdn.sgbstdn_pidm%type;
  pidms TPidmList;
begin
  select distinct sgbstdn_pidm
  bulk collect into pidms
  from sgbstdn
  where sgbstdn_majr_code_1 = 'HS04'
  and sgbstdn_program_1 = 'HSCOMPH';

  -- do something with pidms

  open :someCursor for
    select value(t) pidm
    from table(pidms) t;
end;

When you want to reuse it, then it might be interesting to know how that would look like. If you issue several commands than those could be grouped in a package. The private package variable trick from above has its downsides. When you add variables to a package, you give it state and now it doesn't act as a stateless bunch of functions but as some weird sort of singleton object instance instead.

e.g. When you recompile the body, it will raise exceptions in sessions that already used it before. (because the variable values got invalided)

However, you could declare the type in a package (or globally in sql), and use it as a paramter in methods that should use it.

create package Abc as
  type TPidmList is table of sgbstdn.sgbstdn_pidm%type;

  function CreateList(majorCode in Varchar, 
                      program in Varchar) return TPidmList;

  function Test1(list in TPidmList) return PLS_Integer;
  -- "in" to make it immutable so that PL/SQL can pass a pointer instead of a copy
  procedure Test2(list in TPidmList);
end;

create package body Abc as

  function CreateList(majorCode in Varchar, 
                      program in Varchar) return TPidmList is
    result TPidmList;
  begin
    select distinct sgbstdn_pidm
    bulk collect into result
    from sgbstdn
    where sgbstdn_majr_code_1 = majorCode
    and sgbstdn_program_1 = program;

    return result;
  end;

  function Test1(list in TPidmList) return PLS_Integer is
    result PLS_Integer := 0;
  begin
    if list is null or list.Count = 0 then
      return result;
    end if;

    for i in list.First .. list.Last loop
      if ... then
        result := result + list(i);
      end if;
    end loop;
  end;

  procedure Test2(list in TPidmList) as
  begin
    ...
  end;

  return result;
end;

How to call it:

declare
  pidms constant Abc.TPidmList := Abc.CreateList('HS04', 'HSCOMPH');
  xyz PLS_Integer;
begin
  Abc.Test2(pidms);
  xyz := Abc.Test1(pidms);
  ...

  open :someCursor for
    select value(t) as Pidm,
           xyz as SomeValue
    from   table(pidms) t;
end;

Python: SyntaxError: keyword can't be an expression

I just got that problem when converting from % formatting to .format().

Previous code:

"SET !TIMEOUT_STEP %{USER_TIMEOUT_STEP}d" % {'USER_TIMEOUT_STEP' = 3}

Problematic syntax:

"SET !TIMEOUT_STEP {USER_TIMEOUT_STEP}".format('USER_TIMEOUT_STEP' = 3)

The problem is that format is a function that needs parameters. They cannot be strings. That is one of worst python error messages I've ever seen.

Corrected code:

"SET !TIMEOUT_STEP {USER_TIMEOUT_STEP}".format(USER_TIMEOUT_STEP = 3)

What is the default text size on Android?

Default values in appcompat-v7

<dimen name="abc_text_size_body_1_material">14sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_body_2_material">14sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_button_material">14sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_caption_material">12sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_display_1_material">34sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_display_2_material">45sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_display_3_material">56sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_display_4_material">112sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_headline_material">24sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_large_material">22sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_medium_material">18sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_menu_material">16sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_small_material">14sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_subhead_material">16sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_subtitle_material_toolbar">16dp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_title_material">20sp</dimen>
<dimen name="abc_text_size_title_material_toolbar">20dp</dimen>

How to pass data to all views in Laravel 5?

The best way would be sharing the variable using View::share('var', $value);

Problems with composing using "*":

Consider following approach:

<?php
// from AppServiceProvider::boot()
$viewFactory = $this->app->make(Factory::class);

$viewFacrory->compose('*', GlobalComposer::class);

From an example blade view:

  @for($i = 0; $i<1000; $i++)
    @include('some_partial_view_to_display_i', ['toDisplay' => $i])
  @endfor

What happens?

  • The GlobalComposer class is instantiated 1000 times using App::make.
  • The event composing:some_partial_view_to_display_i is handled 1000 times.
  • The compose function inside the GlobalComposer class is called 1000 times.

But the partial view some_partial_view_to_display_i has nothing to do with the variables composed by GlobalComposer but heavily increases render time.

Best approach?

Using View::share along a grouped middleware.

Route::group(['middleware' => 'WebMiddleware'], function(){
  // Web routes
});

Route::group(['prefix' => 'api'], function (){

});

class WebMiddleware {
  public function handle($request)
  {
    \View::share('user', auth()->user());
  }
}

Update

If you are using something that is computed over the middleware pipeline you can simply listen to the proper event or put the view share middleware at the last bottom of the pipeline.

In c# is there a method to find the max of 3 numbers?

This function takes an array of integers. (I completely understand @Jon Skeet's complaint about sending arrays.)

It's probably a bit overkill.

    public static int GetMax(int[] array) // must be a array of ints
    {
        int current_greatest_value = array[0]; // initializes it

        for (int i = 1; i <= array.Length; i++)
        {
            // compare current number against next number

            if (i+1 <= array.Length-1) // prevent "index outside bounds of array" error below with array[i+1]
            {
                // array[i+1] exists
                if (array[i] < array[i+1] || array[i] <= current_greatest_value)
                {
                    // current val is less than next, and less than the current greatest val, so go to next iteration
                    continue;
                }
            } else
            {
                // array[i+1] doesn't exist, we are at the last element
                if (array[i] > current_greatest_value)
                {
                    // current iteration val is greater than current_greatest_value
                    current_greatest_value = array[i];
                }
                break; // next for loop i index will be invalid
            }

            // if it gets here, current val is greater than next, so for now assign that value to greatest_value
            current_greatest_value = array[i];
        }

        return current_greatest_value;
    }

Then call the function :

int highest_val = GetMax (new[] { 1,6,2,72727275,2323});

// highest_val = 72727275

SQL Server: Null VS Empty String

How are the "NULL" and "empty varchar" values stored in SQL Server. Why would you want to know that? Or in other words, if you knew the answer, how would you use that information?

And in case I have no user entry for a string field on my UI, should I store a NULL or a ''? It depends on the nature of your field. Ask yourself whether the empty string is a valid value for your field.

If it is (for example, house name in an address) then that might be what you want to store (depending on whether or not you know that the address has no house name).

If it's not (for example, a person's name), then you should store a null, because people don't have blank names (in any culture, so far as I know).

How to get UTC timestamp in Ruby?

What good is a timestamp with its granularity given in seconds? I find it much more practical working with Time.now.to_f. Heck, you may even throw a to_s.sub('.','') to get rid of the decimal point, or perform a typecast like this: Integer(1e6*Time.now.to_f).

Get the value for a listbox item by index

It would be

String MyStr = ListBox.items[5].ToString();

selected value get from db into dropdown select box option using php mysql error

for example ..and please use mysqli() next time because mysql() is deprecated.

<?php
$select="select * from tbl_assign where id='".$_GET['uid']."'"; 
$q=mysql_query($select) or die($select);
$row=mysql_fetch_array($q);
?>

<select name="sclient" id="sclient" class="reginput"/>
<option value="">Select Client</option>
<?php $s="select * from tbl_new_user where type='client'";
$q=mysql_query($s) or die($s);
while($rw=mysql_fetch_array($q))
{ ?>
<option value="<?php echo $rw['login_name']; ?>"<?php if($row['clientname']==$rw['login_name']) echo 'selected="selected"'; ?>><?php echo $rw['login_name']; ?></option>
<?php } ?>
</select>

JPQL SELECT between date statement

public List<Student> findStudentByReports(Date startDate, Date endDate) {
    System.out.println("call findStudentMethd******************with this pattern"
                    + startDate
                    + endDate
                    + "*********************************************");

    return em
            .createQuery(
                    "' select attendence from Attendence attendence where attendence.admissionDate BETWEEN : startDate '' AND endDate ''"
                            + "'")
            .setParameter("startDate", startDate, TemporalType.DATE)
            .setParameter("endDate", endDate, TemporalType.DATE)
            .getResultList();

}

What is "entropy and information gain"?

Informally

entropy is availability of information or knowledge, Lack of information will leads to difficulties in prediction of future which is high entropy (next word prediction in text mining) and availability of information/knowledge will help us more realistic prediction of future (low entropy).

Relevant information of any type will reduce entropy and helps us predict more realistic future, that information can be word "meat" is present in sentence or word "meat" is not present. This is called Information Gain


Formally

entropy is lack of order of predicability

Best way to create enum of strings?

Depending on what you mean by "use them as Strings", you might not want to use an enum here. In most cases, the solution proposed by The Elite Gentleman will allow you to use them through their toString-methods, e.g. in System.out.println(STRING_ONE) or String s = "Hello "+STRING_TWO, but when you really need Strings (e.g. STRING_ONE.toLowerCase()), you might prefer defining them as constants:

public interface Strings{
  public static final String STRING_ONE = "ONE";
  public static final String STRING_TWO = "TWO";      
}

How to get coordinates of an svg element?

The way to determine the coordinates depends on what element you're working with. For circles for example, the cx and cy attributes determine the center position. In addition, you may have a translation applied through the transform attribute which changes the reference point of any coordinates.

Most of the ways used in general to get screen coordinates won't work for SVGs. In addition, you may not want absolute coordinates if the line you want to draw is in the same container as the elements it connects.

Edit:

In your particular code, it's quite difficult to get the position of the node because its determined by a translation of the parent element. So you need to get the transform attribute of the parent node and extract the translation from that.

d3.transform(d3.select(this.parentNode).attr("transform")).translate

Working jsfiddle here.

400 vs 422 response to POST of data

To reflect the status as of 2015:

Behaviorally both 400 and 422 response codes will be treated the same by clients and intermediaries, so it actually doesn't make a concrete difference which you use.

However I would expect to see 400 currently used more widely, and furthermore the clarifications that the HTTPbis spec provides make it the more appropriate of the two status codes:

  • The HTTPbis spec clarifies the intent of 400 to not be solely for syntax errors. The broader phrase "indicates that the server cannot or will not process the request due to something which is perceived to be a client error" is now used.
  • 422 is specifically a WebDAV extension, and is not referenced in RFC 2616 or in the newer HTTPbis specification.

For context, HTTPbis is a revision of the HTTP/1.1 spec that attempts to clarify areas that were unclear or inconsistent. Once it has reached approved status it will supersede RFC2616.

Given the lat/long coordinates, how can we find out the city/country?

It really depends on what technology restrictions you have.

One way is to have a spatial database with the outline of the countries and cities you are interested in. By outline I mean that countries and cities are store as the spatial type polygon. Your set of coordinates can be converted to the spatial type point and queried against the polygons to get the country/city name where the point is located.

Here are some of the databases which support spatial type: SQL server 2008, MySQL, postGIS - an extension of postgreSQL and Oracle.

If you would like to use a service in stead of having your own database for this you can use Yahoo's GeoPlanet. For the service approach you might want to check out this answer on gis.stackexchange.com, which covers the availability of services for solving your problem.

ASP.NET Web API session or something?

You can use cookies if the data is small enough and does not present a security concern. The same HttpContext.Current based approach should work.

Request and response HTTP headers can also be used to pass information between service calls.

html5 input for money/currency

Well in the end I had to compromise by implementing a HTML5/CSS solution, forgoing increment buttons in IE (they're a bit broke in FF anyway!), but gaining number validation that the JQuery spinner doesn't provide. Though I have had to go with a step of whole numbers.

_x000D_
_x000D_
span.gbp {_x000D_
    float: left;_x000D_
    text-align: left;_x000D_
}_x000D_
_x000D_
span.gbp::before {_x000D_
    float: left;_x000D_
    content: "\00a3"; /* £ */_x000D_
    padding: 3px 4px 3px 3px;_x000D_
}_x000D_
_x000D_
span.gbp input {_x000D_
     width: 280px !important;_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<label for="broker_fees">Broker Fees</label>_x000D_
<span class="gbp">_x000D_
    <input type="number" placeholder="Enter whole GBP (&pound;) or zero for none" min="0" max="10000" step="1" value="" name="Broker_Fees" id="broker_fees" required="required" />_x000D_
</span>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

The validation is a bit flaky across browsers, where IE/FF allow commas and decimal places (as long as it's .00), where as Chrome/Opera don't and want just numbers.

I guess it's a shame that the JQuery spinner won't work with a number type input, but the docs explicitly state not to do that :-( and I'm puzzled as to why a number spinner widget allows input of any ascii char?

How can I control the speed that bootstrap carousel slides in items?

If you need to do it programmatically to change (for example) the speed based on certain conditions on perhaps only one of many carousels, you could do something like this:

If the Html is like this:

<div id="theSlidesList" class="carousel-inner" role="listbox">
  <div id="Slide_00" class="item active"> ...
  <div id="Slide_01" class="item"> ...
  ...
</div>

JavaScript would be like this:

$( "#theSlidesList" ).find( ".item" ).css( "-webkit-transition", "transform 1.9s ease-in-out 0s" ).css( "transition", "transform 1.9s ease-in-out 0s" )

Add more .css( ... ) to include other browsers.

How to use GOOGLEFINANCE(("CURRENCY:EURAUD")) function

Bear in mind that the GoogleFinance() function isn't working 100% in the new version of Google Sheets. For example, converting from USD to GBP using the formula GoogleFinance("CURRENCY:USDGBP") gives 0.603974 in the old version, but only 0.6 in the new one. Looks like there's a rounding error.

Add number of days to a date

$date = "04/28/2013 07:30:00";

$dates = explode(" ",$date);

$date = strtotime($dates[0]);

$date = strtotime("+6 days", $date);

echo date('m/d/Y', $date)." ".$dates[1];

Turn a string into a valid filename?

You can use list comprehension together with the string methods.

>>> s
'foo-bar#baz?qux@127/\\9]'
>>> "".join(x for x in s if x.isalnum())
'foobarbazqux1279'

What to gitignore from the .idea folder?

Github uses the following .gitignore for their programs

https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/master/Global/JetBrains.gitignore

# Covers JetBrains IDEs: IntelliJ, RubyMine, PhpStorm, AppCode, PyCharm, CLion, Android Studio and WebStorm
# Reference: https://intellij-support.jetbrains.com/hc/en-us/articles/206544839

# User-specific stuff
.idea/**/workspace.xml
.idea/**/tasks.xml
.idea/**/usage.statistics.xml
.idea/**/dictionaries
.idea/**/shelf

# Generated files
.idea/**/contentModel.xml

# Sensitive or high-churn files
.idea/**/dataSources/
.idea/**/dataSources.ids
.idea/**/dataSources.local.xml
.idea/**/sqlDataSources.xml
.idea/**/dynamic.xml
.idea/**/uiDesigner.xml
.idea/**/dbnavigator.xml

# Gradle
.idea/**/gradle.xml
.idea/**/libraries

# Gradle and Maven with auto-import
# When using Gradle or Maven with auto-import, you should exclude module files,
# since they will be recreated, and may cause churn.  Uncomment if using
# auto-import.
# .idea/modules.xml
# .idea/*.iml
# .idea/modules

# CMake
cmake-build-*/

# Mongo Explorer plugin
.idea/**/mongoSettings.xml

# File-based project format
*.iws

# IntelliJ
out/

# mpeltonen/sbt-idea plugin
.idea_modules/

# JIRA plugin
atlassian-ide-plugin.xml

# Cursive Clojure plugin
.idea/replstate.xml

# Crashlytics plugin (for Android Studio and IntelliJ)
com_crashlytics_export_strings.xml
crashlytics.properties
crashlytics-build.properties
fabric.properties

# Editor-based Rest Client
.idea/httpRequests

# Android studio 3.1+ serialized cache file
.idea/caches/build_file_checksums.ser

MySQL Trigger: Delete From Table AFTER DELETE

Why not set ON CASCADE DELETE on Foreign Key patron_info.pid?

How to set proxy for wget?

In Debian Linux wget can be configured to use a proxy both via environment variables and via wgetrc. In both cases the variable names to be used for HTTP and HTTPS connections are

http_proxy=hostname_or_IP:portNumber
https_proxy=hostname_or_IP:portNumber

Note that the file /etc/wgetrc takes precedence over the environment variables, hence if your system has a proxy configured there and you try to use the environment variables, they would seem to have no effect!

int to unsigned int conversion

i=-62 . If you want to convert it to a unsigned representation. It would be 4294967234 for a 32 bit integer. A simple way would be to

num=-62
unsigned int n;
n = num
cout<<n;

4294967234

How can I create a simple message box in Python?

Use

from tkinter.messagebox import *
Message([master], title="[title]", message="[message]")

The master window has to be created before. This is for Python 3. This is not fot wxPython, but for tkinter.

Python Library Path

I think you're looking for sys.path

import sys
print (sys.path)

Store text file content line by line into array

You can use this full code for your problem. For more details you can check it on appucoder.com

class FileDemoTwo{
    public static void main(String args[])throws Exception{
        FileDemoTwo ob = new FileDemoTwo();
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("read.txt"));
        String str;
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
        while((str =in.readLine()) != null ){
            list.add(str);
        }
        String[] stringArr = list.toArray(new String[0]);
        System.out.println(" "+Arrays.toString(stringArr)); 
    }

}

RE error: illegal byte sequence on Mac OS X

You simply have to pipe an iconv command before the sed command. Ex with file.txt input :

iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t UTF8-MAC file.txt | sed 's/something/àéèêçùû/g' | .....

-f option is the 'from' codeset and -t option is the 'to' codeset conversion.

Take care of case, web pages usually show lowercase like that < charset=iso-8859-1"/> and iconv uses uppercase. You have list of iconv supported codesets in you system with command iconv -l

UTF8-MAC is modern OS Mac codeset for conversion.

Converting Secret Key into a String and Vice Versa

Actually what Luis proposed did not work for me. I had to figure out another way. This is what helped me. Might help you too. Links:

  1. *.getEncoded(): https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/security/Key.html

  2. Encoder information: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Base64.Encoder.html

  3. Decoder information: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Base64.Decoder.html

Code snippets: For encoding:

String temp = new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(key.getEncoded()));

For decoding:

byte[] encodedKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(temp);
SecretKey originalKey = new SecretKeySpec(encodedKey, 0, encodedKey.length, "DES");

How do I capitalize first letter of first name and last name in C#?

TextInfo.ToTitleCase() capitalizes the first character in each token of a string.
If there is no need to maintain Acronym Uppercasing, then you should include ToLower().

string s = "JOHN DOE";
s = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.TextInfo.ToTitleCase(s.ToLower());
// Produces "John Doe"

If CurrentCulture is unavailable, use:

string s = "JOHN DOE";
s = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US", false).TextInfo.ToTitleCase(s.ToLower());

See the MSDN Link for a detailed description.

Use 'import module' or 'from module import'?

The difference between import module and from module import foo is mainly subjective. Pick the one you like best and be consistent in your use of it. Here are some points to help you decide.

import module

  • Pros:
    • Less maintenance of your import statements. Don't need to add any additional imports to start using another item from the module
  • Cons:
    • Typing module.foo in your code can be tedious and redundant (tedium can be minimized by using import module as mo then typing mo.foo)

from module import foo

  • Pros:
    • Less typing to use foo
    • More control over which items of a module can be accessed
  • Cons:
    • To use a new item from the module you have to update your import statement
    • You lose context about foo. For example, it's less clear what ceil() does compared to math.ceil()

Either method is acceptable, but don't use from module import *.

For any reasonable large set of code, if you import * you will likely be cementing it into the module, unable to be removed. This is because it is difficult to determine what items used in the code are coming from 'module', making it easy to get to the point where you think you don't use the import any more but it's extremely difficult to be sure.

how to configure config.inc.php to have a loginform in phpmyadmin

$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';

should work.

From the manual:

auth_type = 'cookie' prompts for a MySQL username and password in a friendly HTML form. This is also the only way by which one can log in to an arbitrary server (if $cfg['AllowArbitraryServer'] is enabled). Cookie is good for most installations (default in pma 3.1+), it provides security over config and allows multiple users to use the same phpMyAdmin installation. For IIS users, cookie is often easier to configure than http.

How can I check whether a numpy array is empty or not?

You can always take a look at the .size attribute. It is defined as an integer, and is zero (0) when there are no elements in the array:

import numpy as np
a = np.array([])

if a.size == 0:
    # Do something when `a` is empty

Unable to create Genymotion Virtual Device

I solved the problem.It was my mistake.
It works fine by running genymotion with administrative privileges.

Multiple modals overlay

For me, these simple scss rules worked perfectly:

.modal.show{
  z-index: 1041;
  ~ .modal.show{
    z-index: 1043;
  }
}
.modal-backdrop.show {
  z-index: 1040;
  + .modal-backdrop.show{
    z-index: 1042;
  }
}

If these rules cause the wrong modal to be on top in your case, either change the order of your modal divs, or change (odd) to (even) in above scss.

How do I delete multiple rows with different IDs?

Delete from BA_CITY_MASTER where CITY_NAME in (select CITY_NAME from BA_CITY_MASTER group by CITY_NAME having count(CITY_NAME)>1);

Encode URL in JavaScript?

Check out the built-in function encodeURIComponent(str) and encodeURI(str).
In your case, this should work:

var myOtherUrl = 
       "http://example.com/index.html?url=" + encodeURIComponent(myUrl);

autocomplete ='off' is not working when the input type is password and make the input field above it to enable autocomplete

You can just make the field readonly while form loading. While the field get focus you can change that field to be editable. This is simplest way to avoid auto complete.

<input name="password" id="password" type="password" autocomplete="false" readonly onfocus="this.removeAttribute('readonly');" />

Notepad++ - How can I replace blank lines

This should get your sorted:

  • Highlight from the end of the first line, to the very beginning of the third line.
  • Use the Ctrl + H to bring up the 'Find and Replace' window.
  • The highlighed region will already be plased in the 'Find' textbox.
  • Replace with: \r\n
  • 'Replace All' will then remove all the additional line spaces not required.

Here's how it should look: enter image description here

ASP.NET Identity reset password

I think Microsoft guide for ASP.NET Identity is a good start.

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/identity/overview/features-api/account-confirmation-and-password-recovery-with-aspnet-identity

Note:

If you do not use AccountController and wan't to reset your password, use Request.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>();. If you dont have the same OwinContext you need to create a new DataProtectorTokenProvider like the one OwinContext uses. By default look at App_Start -> IdentityConfig.cs. Should look something like new DataProtectorTokenProvider<ApplicationUser>(dataProtectionProvider.Create("ASP.NET Identity"));.

Could be created like this:

Without Owin:

[HttpGet]
[AllowAnonymous]
[Route("testReset")]
public IHttpActionResult TestReset()
{
    var db = new ApplicationDbContext();
    var manager = new ApplicationUserManager(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(db));
    var provider = new DpapiDataProtectionProvider("SampleAppName");
    manager.UserTokenProvider = new DataProtectorTokenProvider<ApplicationUser>(
        provider.Create("SampleTokenName"));

    var email = "[email protected]";

    var user = new ApplicationUser() { UserName = email, Email = email };

    var identityUser = manager.FindByEmail(email);

    if (identityUser == null)
    {
        manager.Create(user);
        identityUser = manager.FindByEmail(email);
    }

    var token = manager.GeneratePasswordResetToken(identityUser.Id);
    return Ok(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(token));
}

[HttpGet]
[AllowAnonymous]
[Route("testReset")]
public IHttpActionResult TestReset(string token)
{
    var db = new ApplicationDbContext();
    var manager = new ApplicationUserManager(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(db));
    var provider = new DpapiDataProtectionProvider("SampleAppName");
    manager.UserTokenProvider = new DataProtectorTokenProvider<ApplicationUser>(
        provider.Create("SampleTokenName"));
    var email = "[email protected]";
    var identityUser = manager.FindByEmail(email);
    var valid = Task.Run(() => manager.UserTokenProvider.ValidateAsync("ResetPassword", token, manager, identityUser)).Result;
    var result = manager.ResetPassword(identityUser.Id, token, "TestingTest1!");
    return Ok(result);
}

With Owin:

[HttpGet]
[AllowAnonymous]
[Route("testResetWithOwin")]
public IHttpActionResult TestResetWithOwin()
{
    var manager = Request.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>();

    var email = "[email protected]";

    var user = new ApplicationUser() { UserName = email, Email = email };

    var identityUser = manager.FindByEmail(email);

    if (identityUser == null)
    {
        manager.Create(user);
        identityUser = manager.FindByEmail(email);
    }

    var token = manager.GeneratePasswordResetToken(identityUser.Id);
    return Ok(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(token));
}

[HttpGet]
[AllowAnonymous]
[Route("testResetWithOwin")]
public IHttpActionResult TestResetWithOwin(string token)
{
    var manager = Request.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>();

    var email = "[email protected]";
    var identityUser = manager.FindByEmail(email);
    var valid = Task.Run(() => manager.UserTokenProvider.ValidateAsync("ResetPassword", token, manager, identityUser)).Result;
    var result = manager.ResetPassword(identityUser.Id, token, "TestingTest1!");
    return Ok(result);
}

The DpapiDataProtectionProvider and DataProtectorTokenProvider needs to be created with the same name for a password reset to work. Using Owin for creating the password reset token and then creating a new DpapiDataProtectionProvider with another name won't work.

Code that I use for ASP.NET Identity:

Web.Config:

<add key="AllowedHosts" value="example.com,example2.com" />

AccountController.cs:

[Route("RequestResetPasswordToken/{email}/")]
[HttpGet]
[AllowAnonymous]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetResetPasswordToken([FromUri]string email)
{
    if (!ModelState.IsValid)
        return BadRequest(ModelState);

    var user = await UserManager.FindByEmailAsync(email);
    if (user == null)
    {
        Logger.Warn("Password reset token requested for non existing email");
        // Don't reveal that the user does not exist
        return NoContent();
    }

    //Prevent Host Header Attack -> Password Reset Poisoning. 
    //If the IIS has a binding to accept connections on 80/443 the host parameter can be changed.
    //See https://security.stackexchange.com/a/170759/67046
    if (!ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AllowedHosts"].Split(',').Contains(Request.RequestUri.Host)) {
            Logger.Warn($"Non allowed host detected for password reset {Request.RequestUri.Scheme}://{Request.Headers.Host}");
            return BadRequest();
    }

    Logger.Info("Creating password reset token for user id {0}", user.Id);

    var host = $"{Request.RequestUri.Scheme}://{Request.Headers.Host}";
    var token = await UserManager.GeneratePasswordResetTokenAsync(user.Id);
    var callbackUrl = $"{host}/resetPassword/{HttpContext.Current.Server.UrlEncode(user.Email)}/{HttpContext.Current.Server.UrlEncode(token)}";

    var subject = "Client - Password reset.";
    var body = "<html><body>" +
               "<h2>Password reset</h2>" +
               $"<p>Hi {user.FullName}, <a href=\"{callbackUrl}\"> please click this link to reset your password </a></p>" +
               "</body></html>";

    var message = new IdentityMessage
    {
        Body = body,
        Destination = user.Email,
        Subject = subject
    };

    await UserManager.EmailService.SendAsync(message);

    return NoContent();
}

[HttpPost]
[Route("ResetPassword/")]
[AllowAnonymous]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> ResetPasswordAsync(ResetPasswordRequestModel model)
{
    if (!ModelState.IsValid)
        return NoContent();

    var user = await UserManager.FindByEmailAsync(model.Email);
    if (user == null)
    {
        Logger.Warn("Reset password request for non existing email");
        return NoContent();
    }            

    if (!await UserManager.UserTokenProvider.ValidateAsync("ResetPassword", model.Token, UserManager, user))
    {
        Logger.Warn("Reset password requested with wrong token");
        return NoContent();
    }

    var result = await UserManager.ResetPasswordAsync(user.Id, model.Token, model.NewPassword);

    if (result.Succeeded)
    {
        Logger.Info("Creating password reset token for user id {0}", user.Id);

        const string subject = "Client - Password reset success.";
        var body = "<html><body>" +
                   "<h1>Your password for Client was reset</h1>" +
                   $"<p>Hi {user.FullName}!</p>" +
                   "<p>Your password for Client was reset. Please inform us if you did not request this change.</p>" +
                   "</body></html>";

        var message = new IdentityMessage
        {
            Body = body,
            Destination = user.Email,
            Subject = subject
        };

        await UserManager.EmailService.SendAsync(message);
    }

    return NoContent();
}

public class ResetPasswordRequestModel
{
    [Required]
    [Display(Name = "Token")]
    public string Token { get; set; }

    [Required]
    [Display(Name = "Email")]
    public string Email { get; set; }

    [Required]
    [StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "The {0} must be at least {2} characters long.", MinimumLength = 10)]
    [DataType(DataType.Password)]
    [Display(Name = "New password")]
    public string NewPassword { get; set; }

    [DataType(DataType.Password)]
    [Display(Name = "Confirm new password")]
    [Compare("NewPassword", ErrorMessage = "The new password and confirmation password do not match.")]
    public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }
}

How do I use Apache tomcat 7 built in Host Manager gui?

Just a note that all the above may not work for you with tomcat7 unless you've also done this:

sudo apt-get install tomcat7-admin

Android 1.6: "android.view.WindowManager$BadTokenException: Unable to add window -- token null is not for an application"

I had a similar issue where I had another class something like this:

public class Something {
  MyActivity myActivity;

  public Something(MyActivity myActivity) {
    this.myActivity=myActivity;
  }

  public void someMethod() {
   .
   .
   AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(myActivity);
   .
   AlertDialog alert = builder.create();
   alert.show();
  }
}

Worked fine most of the time, but sometimes it crashed with the same error. Then I realise that in MyActivity I had...

public class MyActivity extends Activity {
  public static Something something;

  public void someMethod() {
    if (something==null) {
      something=new Something(this);
    }
  }
}

Because I was holding the object as static, a second run of the code was still holding the original version of the object, and thus was still referring to the original Activity, which no long existed.

Silly stupid mistake, especially as I really didn't need to be holding the object as static in the first place...

Declare global variables in Visual Studio 2010 and VB.NET

None of these answers seem to be changing anything for me.

I am converting an old Excel program to VB 2008. Of course, there are many Excel specific things to change, but something that is causing a headache seems to be this whole "Public" issue.

I have about 40 arrays all being referenced by about 20 modules. The arrays form the foundation of the entire project and are addressed by just about every procedure.

In Excel, I simply had to declare them all as Public. Worked great. No problem. But in VB2008, I'm finding it quite an issue. It is absurd to think that I have to go through thousands of lines of code merely to tell each reference where the Public has been declared. But even willing to do that, none of the schemes being proposed seems to help at all.

It appears that "Public" merely means "Public within this one module". Adding "Shared" seems to do nothing to change that. Adding the module name or anything else doesn't seem to change that. Each module insists that I declare all arrays (and about 100 other fundamental variables) within each module (a seemingly backward advance). And the "Imports" bit doesn't seem to know what I am talking about either, "cannot be found".

I have to sympathize with the questioner. Something seems terribly amiss with all of this.

What is the difference between const and readonly in C#?

ReadOnly :The value will be initialized only once from the constructor of the class.
const: can be initialized in any function but only once

RecyclerView - How to smooth scroll to top of item on a certain position?

I want to more fully address the issue of scroll duration, which, should you choose any earlier answer, will in fact will vary dramatically (and unacceptably) according to the amount of scrolling necessary to reach the target position from the current position .

To obtain a uniform scroll duration the velocity (pixels per millisecond) must account for the size of each individual item - and when the items are of non-standard dimension then a whole new level of complexity is added.

This may be why the RecyclerView developers deployed the too-hard basket for this vital aspect of smooth scrolling.

Assuming that you want a semi-uniform scroll duration, and that your list contains semi-uniform items then you will need something like this.

/** Smoothly scroll to specified position allowing for interval specification. <br>
 * Note crude deceleration towards end of scroll
 * @param rv        Your RecyclerView
 * @param toPos     Position to scroll to
 * @param duration  Approximate desired duration of scroll (ms)
 * @throws IllegalArgumentException */
private static void smoothScroll(RecyclerView rv, int toPos, int duration) throws IllegalArgumentException {
    int TARGET_SEEK_SCROLL_DISTANCE_PX = 10000;     // See androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearSmoothScroller
    int itemHeight = rv.getChildAt(0).getHeight();  // Height of first visible view! NB: ViewGroup method!
    itemHeight = itemHeight + 33;                   // Example pixel Adjustment for decoration?
    int fvPos = ((LinearLayoutManager)rv.getLayoutManager()).findFirstCompletelyVisibleItemPosition();
    int i = Math.abs((fvPos - toPos) * itemHeight);
    if (i == 0) { i = (int) Math.abs(rv.getChildAt(0).getY()); }
    final int totalPix = i;                         // Best guess: Total number of pixels to scroll
    RecyclerView.SmoothScroller smoothScroller = new LinearSmoothScroller(rv.getContext()) {
        @Override protected int getVerticalSnapPreference() {
            return LinearSmoothScroller.SNAP_TO_START;
        }
        @Override protected int calculateTimeForScrolling(int dx) {
            int ms = (int) ( duration * dx / (float)totalPix );
            // Now double the interval for the last fling.
            if (dx < TARGET_SEEK_SCROLL_DISTANCE_PX ) { ms = ms*2; } // Crude deceleration!
            //lg(format("For dx=%d we allot %dms", dx, ms));
            return ms;
        }
    };
    //lg(format("Total pixels from = %d to %d = %d [ itemHeight=%dpix ]", fvPos, toPos, totalPix, itemHeight));
    smoothScroller.setTargetPosition(toPos);
    rv.getLayoutManager().startSmoothScroll(smoothScroller);
}

PS: I curse the day I began indiscriminately converting ListView to RecyclerView.

MySQL error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near

MYSQL PROCEDURE steps:

  1. change delimiter from default ' ; ' to ' // '

DELIMITER //

  1. create PROCEDURE, you can refer syntax

    NOTE: Don't forget to end statement with ' ; '

create procedure ProG() 
begin 
SELECT * FROM hs_hr_employee_leave_quota;
end;//
  1. Change delimiter back to ' ; '

delimiter ;

  1. Now to execute:

call ProG();

How to select a node of treeview programmatically in c#?

private void btn_CollapseAllAndExpandFirstLevelUnderRoot(object sender, EventArgs e)

{
    //this example collapses everything, then expands the first level under the root node.

    tv_myTreeView.CollapseAll();
    TreeNode tn =  tv_myTreeView.Nodes[0];
    tn.Expand();
}

Copy and Paste a set range in the next empty row

The reason the code isn't working is because lastrow is measured from whatever sheet is currently active, and "A:A500" (or other number) is not a valid range reference.

Private Sub CommandButton1_Click()
    Dim lastrow As Long

    lastrow = Sheets("Summary Info").Range("A65536").End(xlUp).Row    ' or + 1
    Range("A3:E3").Copy Destination:=Sheets("Summary Info").Range("A" & lastrow)
End Sub

"SyntaxError: Unexpected token < in JSON at position 0"

In my case (backend), I was using res.send(token);

Everything got fixed when I changed to res.send(data);

You may want to check this if everything is working and posting as intended, but the error keeps popping up in your front-end.

Windows-1252 to UTF-8 encoding

Here's a transcription of another answer I gave to a similar question:

If you apply utf8_encode() to an already UTF8 string it will return a garbled UTF8 output.

I made a function that addresses all this issues. It´s called Encoding::toUTF8().

You dont need to know what the encoding of your strings is. It can be Latin1 (iso 8859-1), Windows-1252 or UTF8, or the string can have a mix of them. Encoding::toUTF8() will convert everything to UTF8.

I did it because a service was giving me a feed of data all messed up, mixing UTF8 and Latin1 in the same string.

Usage:

$utf8_string = Encoding::toUTF8($utf8_or_latin1_or_mixed_string);

$latin1_string = Encoding::toLatin1($utf8_or_latin1_or_mixed_string);

Download:

https://github.com/neitanod/forceutf8

Update:

I've included another function, Encoding::fixUFT8(), wich will fix every UTF8 string that looks garbled.

Usage:

$utf8_string = Encoding::fixUTF8($garbled_utf8_string);

Examples:

echo Encoding::fixUTF8("Fédération Camerounaise de Football");
echo Encoding::fixUTF8("Fédération Camerounaise de Football");
echo Encoding::fixUTF8("FÃÂédÃÂération Camerounaise de Football");
echo Encoding::fixUTF8("Fédération Camerounaise de Football");

will output:

Fédération Camerounaise de Football
Fédération Camerounaise de Football
Fédération Camerounaise de Football
Fédération Camerounaise de Football

Update: I've transformed the function (forceUTF8) into a family of static functions on a class called Encoding. The new function is Encoding::toUTF8().

Android: Difference between onInterceptTouchEvent and dispatchTouchEvent?

Because this is the first result on Google. I want to share with you a great Talk by Dave Smith on Youtube: Mastering the Android Touch System and the slides are available here. It gave me a good deep understanding about the Android Touch System:

How the Activity handles touch:

  • Activity.dispatchTouchEvent()
    • Always first to be called
    • Sends event to root view attached to Window
    • onTouchEvent()
      • Called if no views consume the event
      • Always last to be called

How the View handles touch:

  • View.dispatchTouchEvent()
    • Sends event to listener first, if exists
      • View.OnTouchListener.onTouch()
    • If not consumed, processes the touch itself
      • View.onTouchEvent()

How a ViewGroup handles touch:

  • ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent()
    • onInterceptTouchEvent()
      • Check if it should supersede children
      • Passes ACTION_CANCEL to active child
      • If it returns true once, the ViewGroup consumes all subsequent events
    • For each child view (in reverse order they were added)
      • If touch is relevant (inside view), child.dispatchTouchEvent()
      • If it is not handled by a previous, dispatch to next view
    • If no children handles the event, the listener gets a chance
      • OnTouchListener.onTouch()
    • If there is no listener, or its not handled
      • onTouchEvent()
  • Intercepted events jump over the child step

He also provides example code of custom touch on github.com/devunwired/.

Answer: Basically the dispatchTouchEvent() is called on every View layer to determine if a View is interested in an ongoing gesture. In a ViewGroup the ViewGroup has the ability to steal the touch events in his dispatchTouchEvent()-method, before it would call dispatchTouchEvent() on the children. The ViewGroup would only stop the dispatching if the ViewGroup onInterceptTouchEvent()-method returns true. The difference is that dispatchTouchEvent()is dispatching MotionEvents and onInterceptTouchEvent tells if it should intercept (not dispatching the MotionEvent to children) or not (dispatching to children).

You could imagine the code of a ViewGroup doing more-or-less this (very simplified):

public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
    if(!onInterceptTouchEvent()){
        for(View child : children){
            if(child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev))
                return true;
        }
    }
    return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
}

Javascript callback when IFRAME is finished loading?

I have a similar code in my projects that works fine. Adapting my code to your function, a solution could be the following:

function xssRequest(url, callback)
{
    var iFrameObj = document.createElement('IFRAME');
    iFrameObj.id = 'myUniqueID';
    document.body.appendChild(iFrameObj);       
    iFrameObj.src = url;                        

    $(iFrameObj).load(function() 
    {
        callback(window['myUniqueID'].document.body.innerHTML);
        document.body.removeChild(iFrameObj);
    });
}

Maybe you have an empty innerHTML because (one or both causes): 1. you should use it against the body element 2. you have removed the iframe from the your page DOM

How do I ALTER a PostgreSQL table and make a column unique?

Or, have the DB automatically assign a constraint name using:

ALTER TABLE foo ADD UNIQUE (thecolumn);

What is the JavaScript equivalent of var_dump or print_r in PHP?

Most modern browsers have a console in their developer tools, useful for this sort of debugging.

console.log(myvar);

Then you will get a nicely mapped out interface of the object/whatever in the console.

Check out the console documentation for more details.

Launch custom android application from android browser

Felix's approach to handling deep links is the typical approach to handling deep links. I would also suggest checking out this library to handle the routing and parsing of your deep links:

https://github.com/airbnb/DeepLinkDispatch

You can use annotations to register your Activity for a particular deep link URI, and it will extract out the parameters for you without having to do the usual rigmarole of getting the path segments, matching it, etc. You could simply annotate and activity like this:

@DeepLink("somePath/{someParameter1}/{someParameter2}")
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
   ...
}

Oracle insert from select into table with more columns

just select '0' as the value for the desired column

Select all 'tr' except the first one

By adding a class to either the first tr or the subsequent trs. There is no crossbrowser way of selecting the rows you want with CSS alone.

However, if you don't care about Internet Explorer 6, 7 or 8:

tr:not(:first-child) {
    color: red;
}

Where does Oracle SQL Developer store connections?

It is stored in a file called connections.xml under

\Users\[User]\AppData\Roaming\SQL Developer\System\

When I renamed the file, all my connection info went away. I renamed it back, and it all came back. When I viewed the XML file, I found both test connection aliases, ports, usernames, roles, authentication types, etc.

How to load Spring Application Context

Add this at the start of main

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("path/to/applicationContext.xml");

JobLauncher launcher=(JobLauncher)context.getBean("launcher");
Job job=(Job)context.getBean("job");

//Get as many beans you want
//Now do the thing you were doing inside test method
StopWatch sw = new StopWatch();
sw.start();
launcher.run(job, jobParameters);
sw.stop();
//initialize the log same way inside main
logger.info(">>> TIME ELAPSED:" + sw.prettyPrint());

Convert seconds to Hour:Minute:Second

This is a pretty way to do that:

function time_converter($sec_time, $format='h:m:s'){
      $hour = intval($sec_time / 3600) >= 10 ? intval($sec_time / 3600) : '0'.intval($sec_time / 3600);
      $minute = intval(($sec_time % 3600) / 60) >= 10 ? intval(($sec_time % 3600) / 60) : '0'.intval(($sec_time % 3600) / 60);
      $sec = intval(($sec_time % 3600) % 60)  >= 10 ? intval(($sec_time % 3600) % 60) : '0'.intval(($sec_time % 3600) % 60);

      $format = str_replace('h', $hour, $format);
      $format = str_replace('m', $minute, $format);
      $format = str_replace('s', $sec, $format);

      return $format;
    }

Group array items using object

My approach with a reducer:

_x000D_
_x000D_
myArray = [_x000D_
  {group: "one", color: "red"},_x000D_
  {group: "two", color: "blue"},_x000D_
  {group: "one", color: "green"},_x000D_
  {group: "one", color: "black"}_x000D_
]_x000D_
_x000D_
console.log(myArray.reduce( (acc, curr) => {_x000D_
  const itemExists = acc.find(item => curr.group === item.group)_x000D_
  if(itemExists){_x000D_
    itemExists.color = [...itemExists.color, curr.color]_x000D_
  }else{_x000D_
    acc.push({group: curr.group, color: [curr.color]})_x000D_
  }_x000D_
  return acc;_x000D_
}, []))
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

How to format number of decimal places in wpf using style/template?

The accepted answer does not show 0 in integer place on giving input like 0.299. It shows .3 in WPF UI. So my suggestion to use following string format

<TextBox Text="{Binding Value,  StringFormat={}{0:#,0.0}}" 

length and length() in Java

.length is a one-off property of Java. It's used to find the size of a single dimensional array.

.length() is a method. It's used to find the length of a String. It avoids duplicating the value.

Disabling submit button until all fields have values

DEMO: http://jsfiddle.net/kF2uK/2/

function buttonState(){
    $("input").each(function(){
        $('#register').attr('disabled', 'disabled');
        if($(this).val() == "" ) return false;
        $('#register').attr('disabled', '');
    })
}

$(function(){
    $('#register').attr('disabled', 'disabled');
    $('input').change(buttonState);
})

Max length for client ip address

People are talking about characters when one can compress an IP address into raw data.

So in principle, since we only use IPv4 (32bit) or IPv6 (128bit), that means you need at most 128 bits of space, or 128/8 = 16 bytes!

Which is much less than the suggested 39 bytes (assuming charset is ascii).

That said, you will have to decode and encode the IP address into/from the raw data, which in itself is a trivial thing to do (I've done it before, see PHP's ip2long() for 32-bit IPs).

Edit: inet_pton (and its opposite, inet_ntop()) does what you need, and works with both address types. But beware, on Windows it's available since PHP 5.3.

How to disable mouse scroll wheel scaling with Google Maps API

I do it with this simple examps

jQuery

$('.map').click(function(){
    $(this).find('iframe').addClass('clicked')
    }).mouseleave(function(){
    $(this).find('iframe').removeClass('clicked')
});

CSS

.map {
    width: 100%; 
}
.map iframe {
    width: 100%;
    display: block;
    pointer-events: none;
    position: relative; /* IE needs a position other than static */
}
.map iframe.clicked {
    pointer-events: auto;
}

Or use the gmap options

function init() { 
    var mapOptions = {  
        scrollwheel: false, 

What are naming conventions for MongoDB?

DATABASE

  • camelCase
  • append DB on the end of name
  • make singular (collections are plural)

MongoDB states a nice example:

To select a database to use, in the mongo shell, issue the use <db> statement, as in the following example:

use myDB
use myNewDB

Content from: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/databases-and-collections/#databases

COLLECTIONS

  • Lowercase names: avoids case sensitivity issues, MongoDB collection names are case sensitive.

  • Plural: more obvious to label a collection of something as the plural, e.g. "files" rather than "file"

  • >No word separators: Avoids issues where different people (incorrectly) separate words (username <-> user_name, first_name <->
    firstname). This one is up for debate according to a few people
    around here but provided the argument is isolated to collection names I don't think it should be ;) If you find yourself improving the
    readability of your collection name by adding underscores or
    camelCasing your collection name is probably too long or should use
    periods as appropriate which is the standard for collection
    categorization.

  • Dot notation for higher detail collections: Gives some indication to how collections are related. For example you can be reasonably sure you could delete "users.pagevisits" if you deleted "users", provided the people that designed the schema did a good job.

Content from: http://www.tutespace.com/2016/03/schema-design-and-naming-conventions-in.html

For collections I'm following these suggested patterns until I find official MongoDB documentation.

How to create a temporary directory?

For a more robust solution i use something like the following. That way the temp dir will always be deleted after the script exits.

The cleanup function is executed on the EXIT signal. That guarantees that the cleanup function is always called, even if the script aborts somewhere.

#!/bin/bash    

# the directory of the script
DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"

# the temp directory used, within $DIR
# omit the -p parameter to create a temporal directory in the default location
WORK_DIR=`mktemp -d -p "$DIR"`

# check if tmp dir was created
if [[ ! "$WORK_DIR" || ! -d "$WORK_DIR" ]]; then
  echo "Could not create temp dir"
  exit 1
fi

# deletes the temp directory
function cleanup {      
  rm -rf "$WORK_DIR"
  echo "Deleted temp working directory $WORK_DIR"
}

# register the cleanup function to be called on the EXIT signal
trap cleanup EXIT

# implementation of script starts here
...

Directory of bash script from here.

Bash traps.

Access Control Request Headers, is added to header in AJAX request with jQuery

From client side, I cant solve this problem. From nodejs express side, you can use cors module to handle it.

var express       = require('express');
var app           = express();
var bodyParser = require('body-parser');
var cors = require('cors');

var port = 3000; 
var ip = '127.0.0.1';

app.use('*/myapi', 
          cors(), // with this row OPTIONS has handled
          bodyParser.text({type:'text/*'}),
          function( req, res, next ){
    console.log( '\n.----------------' + req.method + '------------------------' );
        console.log( '| prot:'+req.protocol );
        console.log( '| host:'+req.get('host') );
        console.log( '| url:'+req.originalUrl );
        console.log( '| body:',req.body );
        //console.log( '| req:',req );
    console.log( '.----------------' + req.method + '------------------------' );
    next();
    });

app.listen(port, ip, function() {
    console.log('Listening to port:  ' + port );
});
 
console.log(('dir:'+__dirname ));
console.log('The server is up and running at http://'+ip+':'+port+'/');

Without cors() this OPTIONS has appears before POST.

.----------------OPTIONS------------------------
| prot:http
| host:localhost:3000
| url:/myapi
| body: {}
.----------------OPTIONS------------------------

.----------------POST------------------------
| prot:http
| host:localhost:3000
| url:/myapi
| body: <SOAP-ENV:Envelope .. P-ENV:Envelope>
.----------------POST------------------------

The ajax call:

$.ajax({
    type: 'POST',
    contentType: "text/xml; charset=utf-8",
// these does not works
    //beforeSend: function(request) { 
    //  request.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'text/xml; charset=utf-8');
    //  request.setRequestHeader('Accept', 'application/vnd.realtime247.sct-giro-v1+cms');
    //  request.setRequestHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
    //  request.setRequestHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Methods', 'POST, GET');
    //  request.setRequestHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Headers', 'Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type');
    //},
    //headers: {
    //  'Content-Type': 'text/xml; charset=utf-8',
    //  'Accept': 'application/vnd.realtime247.sct-giro-v1+cms',
    //  'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
    //  'Access-Control-Allow-Methods': 'POST, GET',
    //  'Access-Control-Allow-Headers': 'Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type'
    //},
    url: 'http://localhost:3000/myapi',             
    data:       '<SOAP-ENV:Envelope .. P-ENV:Envelope>',                
    success: function( data ) {
      console.log(data.documentElement.innerHTML);
    },
    error: function(jqXHR, textStatus, err) {
      console.log( jqXHR,'\n', textStatus,'\n', err )
    }
  });

Why is using "for...in" for array iteration a bad idea?

Short answer: It's just not worth it.


Longer answer: It's just not worth it, even if sequential element order and optimal performance aren't required.


Long answer: It's just not worth it...

  • Using for (var property in array) will cause array to be iterated over as an object, traversing the object prototype chain and ultimately performing slower than an index-based for loop.
  • for (... in ...) is not guaranteed to return the object properties in sequential order, as one might expect.
  • Using hasOwnProperty() and !isNaN() checks to filter the object properties is an additional overhead causing it to perform even slower and negates the key reason for using it in the first place, i.e. because of the more concise format.

For these reasons an acceptable trade-off between performance and convenience doesn't even exist. There's really no benefit unless the intent is to handle the array as an object and perform operations on the object properties of the array.

MVC web api: No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource

I catch the next case about cors. Maybe it will be useful to somebody. If you add feature 'WebDav Redirector' to your server, PUT and DELETE requests are failed.

So, you will need to remove 'WebDAVModule' from your IIS server:

  • "In the IIS modules Configuration, loop up the WebDAVModule, if your web server has it, then remove it".

Or add to your config:

<system.webServer>
<modules>
  <remove name="WebDAVModule"/>
</modules>
<handlers>
  <remove name="WebDAV" />
  ...
</handlers>

How to split page into 4 equal parts?

try this... obviously you need to set each div to 25%. You then will need to add your content as needed :) Hope that helps.

 <html>
   <head>
   <title>CSS devide window by 25% horizontally</title>
   <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
   <style type="text/css" media="screen"> 
     body {
     margin:0;
     padding:0;
     height:100%;
     }
     #top_div
     {
       height:25%;
       width:100%;
       background-color:#009900;
       margin:auto;
       text-align:center;
     }
     #mid1_div
     {
       height:25%;
       width:100%;
       background-color:#990000;
       margin:auto;
       text-align:center;
       color:#FFFFFF;
     }
     #mid2_div
     {
       height:25%;
       width:100%;
       background-color:#000000;
       margin:auto;
       text-align:center;
       color:#FFFFFF;
     }
     #bottom_div
     {
       height:25%;
       width:100%;
       background-color:#990000;
       margin:auto;
       text-align:center;
       color:#FFFFFF;
     }
   </style>
   </head>
   <body>
     <div id="top_div">Top- height is 25% of window height</div>
     <div id="mid1_div">Middle 1 - height is 25% of window height</div>
     <div id="mid2_div">Middle 2 - height is 25% of window height</div>
     <div id="bottom_div">Bottom - height is 25% of window height</div>
   </body>
 </html>

Tested and works fine, copy the code above into a HTML file, and open with your browser.

How to add chmod permissions to file in Git?

Antwane's answer is correct, and this should be a comment but comments don't have enough space and do not allow formatting. :-) I just want to add that in Git, file permissions are recorded only1 as either 644 or 755 (spelled (100644 and 100755; the 100 part means "regular file"):

diff --git a/path b/path
new file mode 100644

The former—644—means that the file should not be executable, and the latter means that it should be executable. How that turns into actual file modes within your file system is somewhat OS-dependent. On Unix-like systems, the bits are passed through your umask setting, which would normally be 022 to remove write permission from "group" and "other", or 002 to remove write permission only from "other". It might also be 077 if you are especially concerned about privacy and wish to remove read, write, and execute permission from both "group" and "other".


1Extremely-early versions of Git saved group permissions, so that some repositories have tree entries with mode 664 in them. Modern Git does not, but since no part of any object can ever be changed, those old permissions bits still persist in old tree objects.

The change to store only 0644 or 0755 was in commit e44794706eeb57f2, which is before Git v0.99 and dated 16 April 2005.

When correctly use Task.Run and when just async-await

Note the guidelines for performing work on a UI thread, collected on my blog:

  • Don't block the UI thread for more than 50ms at a time.
  • You can schedule ~100 continuations on the UI thread per second; 1000 is too much.

There are two techniques you should use:

1) Use ConfigureAwait(false) when you can.

E.g., await MyAsync().ConfigureAwait(false); instead of await MyAsync();.

ConfigureAwait(false) tells the await that you do not need to resume on the current context (in this case, "on the current context" means "on the UI thread"). However, for the rest of that async method (after the ConfigureAwait), you cannot do anything that assumes you're in the current context (e.g., update UI elements).

For more information, see my MSDN article Best Practices in Asynchronous Programming.

2) Use Task.Run to call CPU-bound methods.

You should use Task.Run, but not within any code you want to be reusable (i.e., library code). So you use Task.Run to call the method, not as part of the implementation of the method.

So purely CPU-bound work would look like this:

// Documentation: This method is CPU-bound.
void DoWork();

Which you would call using Task.Run:

await Task.Run(() => DoWork());

Methods that are a mixture of CPU-bound and I/O-bound should have an Async signature with documentation pointing out their CPU-bound nature:

// Documentation: This method is CPU-bound.
Task DoWorkAsync();

Which you would also call using Task.Run (since it is partially CPU-bound):

await Task.Run(() => DoWorkAsync());

Removing whitespace from strings in Java

When using st.replaceAll("\\s+","") in Kotlin, make sure you wrap "\\s+" with Regex:

"myString".replace(Regex("\\s+"), "")

What are the differences between using the terminal on a mac vs linux?

If you did a new or clean install of OS X version 10.3 or more recent, the default user terminal shell is bash.

Bash is essentially an enhanced and GNU freeware version of the original Bourne shell, sh. If you have previous experience with bash (often the default on GNU/Linux installations), this makes the OS X command-line experience familiar, otherwise consider switching your shell either to tcsh or to zsh, as some find these more user-friendly.

If you upgraded from or use OS X version 10.2.x, 10.1.x or 10.0.x, the default user shell is tcsh, an enhanced version of csh('c-shell'). Early implementations were a bit buggy and the programming syntax a bit weird so it developed a bad rap.

There are still some fundamental differences between mac and linux as Gordon Davisson so aptly lists, for example no useradd on Mac and ifconfig works differently.

The following table is useful for knowing the various unix shells.

sh      The original Bourne shell   Present on every unix system 
ksh     Original Korn shell         Richer shell programming environment than sh 
csh     Original C-shell            C-like syntax; early versions buggy 
tcsh    Enhanced C-shell            User-friendly and less buggy csh implementation 
bash    GNU Bourne-again shell      Enhanced and free sh implementation 
zsh     Z shell                     Enhanced, user-friendly ksh-like shell

You may also find these guides helpful:

http://homepage.mac.com/rgriff/files/TerminalBasics.pdf

http://guides.macrumors.com/Terminal
http://www.ofb.biz/safari/article/476.html

On a final note, I am on Linux (Ubuntu 11) and Mac osX so I use bash and the thing I like the most is customizing the .bashrc (source'd from .bash_profile on OSX) file with aliases, some examples below. I now placed all my aliases in a separate .bash_aliases file and include it with:

if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
    . ~/.bash_aliases
fi

in the .bashrc or .bash_profile file.

Note that this is an example of a mac-linux difference because on a Mac you can't have the --color=auto. The first time I did this (without knowing) I redefined ls to be invalid which was a bit alarming until I removed --auto-color !

You may also find https://unix.stackexchange.com/q/127799/10043 useful

# ~/.bash_aliases
# ls variants
#alias l='ls -CF' 
alias la='ls -A' 
alias l='ls -alFtr' 
alias lsd='ls -d .*' 
# Various
alias h='history | tail'
alias hg='history | grep'
alias mv='mv -i' 
alias zap='rm -i'
# One letter quickies:
alias p='pwd'
alias x='exit'
alias {ack,ak}='ack-grep'
# Directories
alias s='cd ..'
alias play='cd ~/play/'
# Rails
alias src='script/rails console'
alias srs='script/rails server'
alias raked='rake db:drop db:create db:migrate db:seed' 
alias rvm-restart='source '\''/home/durrantm/.rvm/scripts/rvm'\'''
alias rrg='rake routes | grep '
alias rspecd='rspec --drb '
#
# DropBox - syncd
WORKBASE="~/Dropbox/97_2012/work"
alias work="cd $WORKBASE"
alias code="cd $WORKBASE/ror/code"
#
# DropNot - NOT syncd !
WORKBASE_GIT="~/Dropnot"
alias {dropnot,not}="cd $WORKBASE_GIT"
alias {webs,ww}="cd $WORKBASE_GIT/webs"
alias {setups,docs}="cd $WORKBASE_GIT/setups_and_docs"
alias {linker,lnk}="cd $WORKBASE_GIT/webs/rails_v3/linker"
#
# git
alias {gsta,gst}='git status' 
# Warning: gst conflicts with gnu-smalltalk (when used).
alias {gbra,gb}='git branch'
alias {gco,go}='git checkout'
alias {gcob,gob}='git checkout -b '
alias {gadd,ga}='git add '
alias {gcom,gc}='git commit'
alias {gpul,gl}='git pull '
alias {gpus,gh}='git push '
alias glom='git pull origin master'
alias ghom='git push origin master'
alias gg='git grep '
#
# vim
alias v='vim'
#
# tmux
alias {ton,tn}='tmux set -g mode-mouse on'
alias {tof,tf}='tmux set -g mode-mouse off'
#
# dmc
alias {dmc,dm}='cd ~/Dropnot/webs/rails_v3/dmc/'
alias wf='cd ~/Dropnot/webs/rails_v3/dmc/dmWorkflow'
alias ws='cd ~/Dropnot/webs/rails_v3/dmc/dmStaffing'

Best way to store time (hh:mm) in a database

DATETIME start DATETIME end

I implore you to use two DATETIME values instead, labelled something like event_start and event_end.

Time is a complex business

Most of the world has now adopted the denery based metric system for most measurements, rightly or wrongly. This is good overall, because at least we can all agree that a g, is a ml, is a cubic cm. At least approximately so. The metric system has many flaws, but at least it's internationally consistently flawed.

With time however, we have; 1000 milliseconds in a second, 60 seconds to a minute, 60 minutes to an hour, 12 hours for each half a day, approximately 30 days per month which vary by the month and even year in question, each country has its time offset from others, the way time is formatted in each country vary.

It's a lot to digest, but the long and short of it is impossible for such a complex scenario to have a simple solution.

Some corners can be cut, but there are those where it is wiser not to

Although the top answer here suggests that you store an integer of minutes past midnight might seem perfectly reasonable, I have learned to avoid doing so the hard way.

The reasons to implement two DATETIME values are for an increase in accuracy, resolution and feedback.

These are all very handy for when the design produces undesirable results.

Am I storing more data than required?

It might initially appear like more information is being stored than I require, but there is a good reason to take this hit.

Storing this extra information almost always ends up saving me time and effort in the long-run, because I inevitably find that when somebody is told how long something took, they'll additionally want to know when and where the event took place too.

It's a huge planet

In the past, I have been guilty of ignoring that there are other countries on this planet aside from my own. It seemed like a good idea at the time, but this has ALWAYS resulted in problems, headaches and wasted time later on down the line. ALWAYS consider all time zones.

C#

A DateTime renders nicely to a string in C#. The ToString(string Format) method is compact and easy to read.

E.g.

new TimeSpan(EventStart.Ticks - EventEnd.Ticks).ToString("h'h 'm'm 's's'")

SQL server

Also if you're reading your database seperate to your application interface, then dateTimes are pleasnat to read at a glance and performing calculations on them are straightforward.

E.g.

SELECT DATEDIFF(MINUTE, event_start, event_end)

ISO8601 date standard

If using SQLite then you don't have this, so instead use a Text field and store it in ISO8601 format eg.

"2013-01-27T12:30:00+0000"

Notes:

  • This uses 24 hour clock*

  • The time offset (or +0000) part of the ISO8601 maps directly to longitude value of a GPS coordiate (not taking into account daylight saving or countrywide).

E.g.

TimeOffset=(±Longitude.24)/360 

...where ± refers to east or west direction.

It is therefore worth considering if it would be worth storing longitude, latitude and altitude along with the data. This will vary in application.

  • ISO8601 is an international format.

  • The wiki is very good for further details at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601.

  • The date and time is stored in international time and the offset is recorded depending on where in the world the time was stored.

In my experience there is always a need to store the full date and time, regardless of whether I think there is when I begin the project. ISO8601 is a very good, futureproof way of doing it.

Additional advice for free

It is also worth grouping events together like a chain. E.g. if recording a race, the whole event could be grouped by racer, race_circuit, circuit_checkpoints and circuit_laps.

In my experience, it is also wise to identify who stored the record. Either as a seperate table populated via trigger or as an additional column within the original table.

The more you put in, the more you get out

I completely understand the desire to be as economical with space as possible, but I would rarely do so at the expense of losing information.

A rule of thumb with databases is as the title says, a database can only tell you as much as it has data for, and it can be very costly to go back through historical data, filling in gaps.

The solution is to get it correct first time. This is certainly easier said than done, but you should now have a deeper insight of effective database design and subsequently stand a much improved chance of getting it right the first time.

The better your initial design, the less costly the repairs will be later on.

I only say all this, because if I could go back in time then it is what I'd tell myself when I got there.

How can I make a ComboBox non-editable in .NET?

To continue displaying data in the input after selecting, do so:

VB.NET
Private Sub ComboBox1_KeyPress(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventArgs) Handles ComboBox1.KeyPress
    e.Handled = True
End Sub



C#
Private void ComboBox1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
    e.Handled = true;
}

How to remove the last character from a bash grep output

Assuming the quotation marks are actually part of the output, couldn't you just use the -o switch to return everything between the quote marks?

COMPANY_NAME="\"ABC Inc\";" | echo $COMPANY_NAME | grep -o "\"*.*\""

Get file path of image on Android

You can do like that In Kotlin If you need kotlin code in the future

val myUri = getImageUri(applicationContext, myBitmap!!)
val finalFile = File(getRealPathFromURI(myUri))

fun getImageUri(inContext: Context, inImage: Bitmap): Uri {
    val bytes = ByteArrayOutputStream()
    inImage.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bytes)
    val path = MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(inContext.contentResolver, inImage, "Title", null)
    return Uri.parse(path)
}

fun getRealPathFromURI(uri: Uri): String {
    val cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null)
    cursor!!.moveToFirst()
    val idx = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA)
    return cursor.getString(idx)
}

Return None if Dictionary key is not available

If you want a more transparent solution, you can subclass dict to get this behavior:

class NoneDict(dict):
    def __getitem__(self, key):
        return dict.get(self, key)

>>> foo = NoneDict([(1,"asdf"), (2,"qwerty")])
>>> foo[1]
'asdf'
>>> foo[2]
'qwerty'
>>> foo[3] is None
True

How to select specified node within Xpath node sets by index with Selenium?

This is a FAQ:

//someName[3]

means: all someName elements in the document, that are the third someName child of their parent -- there may be many such elements.

What you want is exactly the 3rd someName element:

(//someName)[3]

Explanation: the [] has a higher precedence (priority) than //. Remember always to put expressions of the type //someName in brackets when you need to specify the Nth node of their selected node-list.

How to change text and background color?

There is no (standard) cross-platform way to do this. On windows, try using conio.h. It has the:

textcolor(); // and
textbackground();

functions.

For example:

textcolor(RED);
cprintf("H");
textcolor(BLUE);
cprintf("e");
// and so on.

Git ignore local file changes

git pull wants you to either remove or save your current work so that the merge it triggers doesn't cause conflicts with your uncommitted work. Note that you should only need to remove/save untracked files if the changes you're pulling create files in the same locations as your local uncommitted files.

Remove your uncommitted changes

Tracked files

git checkout -f

Untracked files

git clean -fd

Save your changes for later

Tracked files

git stash

Tracked files and untracked files

git stash -u

Reapply your latest stash after git pull:

git stash pop

How to import module when module name has a '-' dash or hyphen in it?

If you can't rename the original file, you could also use a symlink:

ln -s foo-bar.py foo_bar.py

Then you can just:

from foo_bar import *

Method List in Visual Studio Code

CTRL+F12 (CMD+F12 for Mac) - opens for me all methods and members in PHP class.

Page redirect after certain time PHP

You can use this javascript code to redirect after a specific time. Hope it will work.

setRedirectTime(function () 
{
   window.location.href= 'https://www.google.com'; // the redirect URL will be here

},10000); // 10 seconds