Another possible answer will be:
When you define the table, with the columns and data it'll have. The column id can have the property AUTO_INCREMENT.
By this method, you don't have to worry about the id, it'll be made automatically.
For example (taken from w3schools )
CREATE TABLE Persons
(
ID int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL,
FirstName varchar(255),
Address varchar(255),
City varchar(255),
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
)
Hope this will be helpful for someone.
Edit: This is only the part where you define how to generate an automatic ID, to obtain it after created, the previous answers before are right.