TL;DR:

socket.send(data, callback) is essentially equivalent to calling socket.emit('message', JSON.stringify(data), callback)

Without looking at the source code, I would assume that the send function is more efficient edit: for sending string messages, at least?

So yeah basically emit allows you to send objects, which is very handy.

Take this example with socket.emit:

sendMessage: function(type, message) {
    socket.emit('message', {
        type: type,
        message: message
    });
}

and for those keeping score at home, here is what it looks like using socket.send:

sendMessage: function(type, message) {
    socket.send(JSON.stringify({
        type: type,
        message: message
    }));
}

Python working a bit differently to JavaScript for example, the value you are concatenating needs to be same type, both int or str...

So for example the code below throw an error:

print( "Alireza" + 1980)

like this:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#12>", line 1, in <module>
    print( "Alireza" + 1980)
TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "int") to str

To solve the issue, just add str to your number or value like:

print( "Alireza" + str(1980))

And the result as:

Alireza1980

Maybe you want to try this: https://bootstrap-datepicker.readthedocs.org/en/latest/index.html

It's a flexible datepicker widget in the Bootstrap style.

This method is easier and safer

var lOrders = new List<string>();

bool insertOrderNew = lOrders.Find(r => r == "1234") == null ? true : false

ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
int rowcount = 0;
if (rs.last()) {
  rowcount = rs.getRow();
  rs.beforeFirst(); // not rs.first() because the rs.next() below will move on, missing the first element
}
while (rs.next()) {
  // do your standard per row stuff
}

Did something like that once:

CREATE TABLE exclusions(excl VARCHAR(250));
INSERT INTO exclusions(excl)
VALUES
       ('%timeline%'),
       ('%Placeholders%'),
       ('%Stages%'),
       ('%master_stage_1205x465%'),
       ('%Accessories%'),
       ('%chosen-sprite.png'),
('%WebResource.axd');
GO
CREATE VIEW ToBeDeleted AS 
SELECT * FROM chunks
       WHERE chunks.file_id IN
       (
       SELECT DISTINCT
             lf.file_id
       FROM LargeFiles lf
       WHERE lf.file_id NOT IN
             (
             SELECT DISTINCT
                    lf.file_id
             FROM LargeFiles lf
                LEFT JOIN exclusions e ON(lf.URL LIKE e.excl)
                WHERE e.excl IS NULL
             )
       );
GO
CHECKPOINT
GO
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @r INT;
SET @r = 1;
WHILE @r>0

BEGIN
    DELETE TOP (10000) FROM ToBeDeleted;
    SET @r = @@ROWCOUNT  
END
GO

You can't create arrays with a generic component type.

Create an array of an explicit type, like Object[], instead. You can then cast this to PCB[] if you want, but I don't recommend it in most cases.

PCB[] res = (PCB[]) new Object[list.size()]; /* Not type-safe. */

If you want type safety, use a collection like java.util.List<PCB> instead of an array.

By the way, if list is already a java.util.List, you should use one of its toArray() methods, instead of duplicating them in your code. This doesn't get your around the type-safety problem though.

Took me a while to read through the above. This was the answer for me:

import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset("tips")

g = sns.lmplot(
    x="total_bill", 
    y="tip", 
    hue="smoker", 
    data=tips,  
    legend=False
)

plt.legend(title='Smoker', loc='upper left', labels=['Hell Yeh', 'Nah Bruh'])
plt.show(g)

Reference this for more arguments: matplotlib.pyplot.legend

This is the easiest way to locally edit files which live on remote host where you have previously setup ssh to remote IP

# issue on local box

sudo apt-get install sshfs   # on local host install sshfs ( linux )

# on local box create secure mount of remote directory

export REMOTE_IP=107.170.58.249 # remote host IP

sshfs myremoteuserid@${REMOTE_IP}:/your/remote/dir  /your/local/dir # for example

Done !!!

Now on local host just start editing files ... when you list dir locally it may not list anything until you cd into subdir or list a specific file ... lazy loading ... this does not impact editing files

subl /your/local/dir/magnum_opus.go # local file edit using sublime text

so above is actually editing remote file at

/your/remote/dir/magnum_opus.go  # remote file on box $REMOTE_IP

For OSX or Windows see this tut from the kind folk over on Digital Ocean

See in the android sdk directory.

In \platforms\android-X\data\res\values\themes.xml:

    <item name="textAppearanceLarge">@android:style/TextAppearance.Large</item>
    <item name="textAppearanceMedium">@android:style/TextAppearance.Medium</item>
    <item name="textAppearanceSmall">@android:style/TextAppearance.Small</item>

In \platforms\android-X\data\res\values\styles.xml:

<style name="TextAppearance.Large">
    <item name="android:textSize">22sp</item>
</style>

<style name="TextAppearance.Medium">
    <item name="android:textSize">18sp</item>
</style>

<style name="TextAppearance.Small">
    <item name="android:textSize">14sp</item>
    <item name="android:textColor">?textColorSecondary</item>
</style>

TextAppearance.Large means style is inheriting from TextAppearance style, you have to trace it also if you want to see full definition of a style.

Link: http://developer.android.com/design/style/typography.html

Another solution:

(function () {

    var make_rotated_text = function (text)
    {
        var can = document.createElement ('canvas');
        can.width = 10;
        can.height = 10;
        var ctx=can.getContext ("2d");
        ctx.font="20px Verdana";
        var m = ctx.measureText(text);
        can.width = 20;
        can.height = m.width;
        ctx.font="20px Verdana";
        ctx.fillStyle = "#000000";
        ctx.rotate(90 * (Math.PI / 180));
        ctx.fillText (text, 0, -2);
        return can;
    };

    var canvas = make_rotated_text ("Hellooooo :D");
    var body = document.getElementsByTagName ('body')[0];
    body.appendChild (canvas);

}) ();

I do absolutely admit that this is quite hackish, but it's a simple solution if you want to avoid bloating your css.

php curl lib is just a wrapper of cUrl, so, first of all, you should install cUrl. Download the cUrl source to your linux server. Then, use the follow commands to install:

tar zxvf cUrl_src_taz
cd cUrl_src_taz
./configure --prefix=/curl/install/home
make
make test    (optional)
make install
ln -s  /curl/install/home/bin/curl-config /usr/bin/curl-config

Then, copy the head files in the "/curl/install/home/include/" to "/usr/local/include". After all above steps done, the php curl extension configuration could find the original curl, and you can use the standard php extension method to install php curl.
Hope it helps you, :)

For those who came here trying to find the reason why their WKWebView is always white and loads nothing (exactly as described here how do I get WKWebView to work in swift and for an macOS App) :

If all the rocket science above does not work for you check the obvious: the sandbox settings

Being new to swift and cocoa, but pretty experienced in programming I've spend about 20 hours to find this solution. None of dozens hipster-iOS-tutorials nor apple keynotes – nothing mentions this small checkbox.

Adding a -g to the end of my install fixed this for me. ex: npm install uglify-js -g

SELECT col1, col2, IF( action = 2 AND state = 0, 1, 0 ) AS state from tbl1;

OR

SELECT col1, col2, (case when (action = 2 and state = 0) then 1 else 0 end) as state from tbl1;

both results will same....

A scrolling comes from a box with class pre-scrollable

<div class="pre-scrollable"></div>

There's more examples: http://getbootstrap.com/css/#code-block
Wish it helps.

<select name="owner">
<?php 
$sql = mysql_query("SELECT username FROM users");
while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($sql)){
echo "<option value=\"owner1\">" . $row['username'] . "</option>";
}
?>
</select>

I am running XAMPP 5.6.3-0 for OS X Yosemite 10.10.2 and ran into the same issue twice, the first time was with Mavericks. With a bunch of different solutions to the issue with MySQL Database not starting using Manager App I wanted to confirm what had worked for me. The workaround that always worked and forced MySQL to start was by opening Terminal and using: sudo /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/bin/mysql.server start I had the Manager App open and started ProFTPD and Apache and then ran the sudo command.

The other suggestion by wishap that worked was to locate /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/etc/my.cnf file and change the permissions for "everyone" to Read only.

The other problem I had that seems to be another issue with many solutions is the problem after everything is started then entering localhost which brings me to the xampp splash screen and then nothing. The only thing that worked for me, to at the very least, to access the phpMyAdmin page is by entering localhost/phpmyadmin

I hope this helps others reading through a bunch of threads for an answer.

Regards, Erik

In case you are running it on Fedora or CentOS, this is what worked for me (PostgreSQL 9.6):

In terminal:

$ sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers

modify the following text from:

Defaults    secure_path = /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

to

Defaults    secure_path = /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/pgsql-9.6/bin

exit, then:

$ printenv PATH

$ sudo su postgres

$ psql

To exit postgreSQL terminal, you need to digit:

$ \q

Source: https://serverfault.com/questions/541847/why-doesnt-sudo-know-where-psql-is#comment623883_541880

For example, you can invoke a private constructor inside a friend class or a friend function.

Singleton pattern usually uses it to make sure that nobody creates more instances of the intended type.

you should use a /d before path as below :

cd /d e:\

To give an alternative (as using DocumentFragment does not seem to work): You can simulate it by iterating over the children of the newly generated node and only append those.

var e = document.createElement('div');
e.innerHTML = htmldata;

while(e.firstChild) {
    element.appendChild(e.firstChild);
}

Here is an example of the field with blank= True and null=True

description = models.TextField(blank=True, null= True)

In this case: blank = True: tells our form that it is ok to leave the description field blank

and

null = True: tells our database that it is ok to record a null value in our db field and not give an error.

I break the task up into smaller units. Test with different batch size intervals for your table, until you find an interval that performs optimally. Here is a sample that I have used in the past.

declare @counter int 
declare @numOfRecords int
declare @batchsize int

set @numOfRecords = (SELECT COUNT(*) AS NumberOfRecords FROM <TABLE> with(nolock))
set @counter = 0 
set @batchsize = 2500

set rowcount @batchsize
while @counter < (@numOfRecords/@batchsize) +1
begin 
set @counter = @counter + 1 
Update table set int_field = -1 where int_field <> -1;
end 
set rowcount 0

In python3.7.7, the definition of json.load is as below according to cpython source code:

def load(fp, *, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None,
        parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None, **kw):

    return loads(fp.read(),
        cls=cls, object_hook=object_hook,
        parse_float=parse_float, parse_int=parse_int,
        parse_constant=parse_constant, object_pairs_hook=object_pairs_hook, **kw)

json.load actually calls json.loads and use fp.read() as the first argument.

So if your code is:

with open (file) as fp:
    s = fp.read()
    json.loads(s)

It's the same to do this:

with open (file) as fp:
    json.load(fp)

But if you need to specify the bytes reading from the file as like fp.read(10) or the string/bytes you want to deserialize is not from file, you should use json.loads()

As for json.loads(), it not only deserialize string but also bytes. If s is bytes or bytearray, it will be decoded to string first. You can also find it in the source code.

def loads(s, *, encoding=None, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None,
        parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None, **kw):
    """Deserialize ``s`` (a ``str``, ``bytes`` or ``bytearray`` instance
    containing a JSON document) to a Python object.

    ...

    """
    if isinstance(s, str):
        if s.startswith('\ufeff'):
            raise JSONDecodeError("Unexpected UTF-8 BOM (decode using utf-8-sig)",
                                  s, 0)
    else:
        if not isinstance(s, (bytes, bytearray)):
            raise TypeError(f'the JSON object must be str, bytes or bytearray, '
                            f'not {s.__class__.__name__}')
        s = s.decode(detect_encoding(s), 'surrogatepass')

A lot of these answers are pretty old, so I thought I would update with a solution that I think is helpful.

Our issue was similar to OP's, we upgraded 32 bit XP machines to 64 bit windows 7 and our application software that uses a 32 bit ODBC driver stopped being able to write to our database.

Turns out, there are two ODBC Data Source Managers, one for 32 bit and one for 64 bit. So I had to run the 32 bit version which is found in C:\Windows\SysWOW64\odbcad32.exe. Inside the ODBC Data Source Manager, I was able to go to the System DSN tab and Add my driver to the list using the Add button. (You can check the Drivers tab to see a list of the drivers you can add, if your driver isn't in this list then you may need to install it).

The next issue was the software that we ran was compiled to use 'Any CPU'. This would see the operating system was 64 bit, so it would look at the 64 bit ODBC Data Sources. So I had to force the program to compile as an x86 program, which then tells it to look at the 32 bit ODBC Data Sources. To set your program to x86, in Visual Studio go to your project properties and under the build tab at the top there is a platform drop down list, and choose x86. If you don't have the source code and can't compile the program as x86, you might be able to right click the program .exe and go to the compatibility tab and choose a compatibility that works for you.

Once I had the drivers added and the program pointing to the right drivers, everything worked like it use to. Hopefully this helps anyone working with older software.

I found that this question was still relevant but not clearly answered in my case.

Using SQL Server 2012 with an orphaned SQL_USER this was the fix;

USE databasename                      -- The database I had recently attached
EXEC sp_change_users_login 'Report'   -- Display orphaned users
EXEC sp_change_users_login 'Auto_Fix', 'UserName', NULL, 'Password'

The CSS property display: inline-block was designed to address this need. You can read a bit about it here: http://robertnyman.com/2010/02/24/css-display-inline-block-why-it-rocks-and-why-it-sucks/

Below is an example of its use. The key elements are that the row element has white-space: nowrap and the cell elements have display: inline-block. This example should work on most major browsers; a compatibility table is available here: http://caniuse.com/#feat=inline-block

<html>
<body>
<style>

.row {
    float:left;
    border: 1px solid yellow;
    width: 100%;
    overflow: auto;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.cell {
    display: inline-block;
    border: 1px solid red;
    width: 200px;
    height: 100px;
}
</style>

<div class="row">
    <div class="cell">a</div>
    <div class="cell">b</div>
    <div class="cell">c</div>
</div>


</body>
</html>

You should specially have a look on your global or static data (long living data).

When this data grows without restriction, you can also get troubles in Python.

The garbage collector can only collect data, that is not referenced any more. But your static data can hookup data elements that should be freed.

Another problem can be memory cycles, but at least in theory the Garbage collector should find and eliminate cycles -- at least as long as they are not hooked on some long living data.

What kinds of long living data are specially troublesome? Have a good look on any lists and dictionaries -- they can grow without any limit. In dictionaries you might even don't see the trouble coming since when you access dicts, the number of keys in the dictionary might not be of big visibility to you ...

You can use Addict: https://github.com/mewwts/addict

>>> from addict import Dict
>>> my_new_shiny_dict = Dict()
>>> my_new_shiny_dict.a.b.c.d.e = 2
>>> my_new_shiny_dict
{'a': {'b': {'c': {'d': {'e': 2}}}}}

Use

Model.created_at.strftime("%FT%T")

where,

%F - The ISO 8601 date format (%Y-%m-%d)
%T - 24-hour time (%H:%M:%S)

Following are some of the frequently used useful list of Date and Time formats that you could specify in strftime method:

Date (Year, Month, Day):
  %Y - Year with century (can be negative, 4 digits at least)
          -0001, 0000, 1995, 2009, 14292, etc.
  %C - year / 100 (round down.  20 in 2009)
  %y - year % 100 (00..99)

  %m - Month of the year, zero-padded (01..12)
          %_m  blank-padded ( 1..12)
          %-m  no-padded (1..12)
  %B - The full month name (``January'')
          %^B  uppercased (``JANUARY'')
  %b - The abbreviated month name (``Jan'')
          %^b  uppercased (``JAN'')
  %h - Equivalent to %b

  %d - Day of the month, zero-padded (01..31)
          %-d  no-padded (1..31)
  %e - Day of the month, blank-padded ( 1..31)

  %j - Day of the year (001..366)

Time (Hour, Minute, Second, Subsecond):
  %H - Hour of the day, 24-hour clock, zero-padded (00..23)
  %k - Hour of the day, 24-hour clock, blank-padded ( 0..23)
  %I - Hour of the day, 12-hour clock, zero-padded (01..12)
  %l - Hour of the day, 12-hour clock, blank-padded ( 1..12)
  %P - Meridian indicator, lowercase (``am'' or ``pm'')
  %p - Meridian indicator, uppercase (``AM'' or ``PM'')

  %M - Minute of the hour (00..59)

  %S - Second of the minute (00..59)

  %L - Millisecond of the second (000..999)
  %N - Fractional seconds digits, default is 9 digits (nanosecond)
          %3N  millisecond (3 digits)
          %6N  microsecond (6 digits)
          %9N  nanosecond (9 digits)
          %12N picosecond (12 digits)

For the complete list of formats for strftime method please visit APIDock

How about:

ACell.ListObject.DataBodyRange.Rows.Delete

That will keep your table structure and headings, but clear all the data and rows.

EDIT: I'm going to just modify a section of my answer from your previous post, as it does mostly what you want. This leaves just one row:

With loSource
   .Range.AutoFilter
   .DataBodyRange.Offset(1).Resize(.DataBodyRange.Rows.Count - 1, .DataBodyRange.Columns.Count).Rows.Delete
   .DataBodyRange.Rows(1).Specialcells(xlCellTypeConstants).ClearContents
End With

If you want to leave all the rows intact with their formulas and whatnot, just do:

With loSource
   .Range.AutoFilter
   .DataBodyRange.Specialcells(xlCellTypeConstants).ClearContents
End With

Which is close to what @Readify suggested, except it won't clear formulas.

You're close, you just need to delete the file before trying to over-write it.

dim infolder: set infolder = fso.GetFolder(IN_PATH)
dim file: for each file in infolder.Files

    dim name: name = file.name
    dim parts: parts = split(name, ".")

    if UBound(parts) = 2 then

       ' file name like a.c.pdf    

        dim newname: newname = parts(0) & "." & parts(2)
        dim newpath: newpath = fso.BuildPath(OUT_PATH, newname)

        ' warning:
        ' if we have source files C:\IN_PATH\ABC.01.PDF, C:\IN_PATH\ABC.02.PDF, ...
        ' only one of them will be saved as D:\OUT_PATH\ABC.PDF

        if fso.FileExists(newpath) then
            fso.DeleteFile newpath
        end if

        file.Move newpath

    end if

next

I think this is most suited:

Do the merging backward, for instance, if the committed code contains the revision from rev 5612 to 5616, just merge it backwards. It works in my end.

For instance:

svn merge -r 5616:5612 https://<your_svn_repository>/

It would contain a merged code back to former revision, then you could commit it.

Actually, often it is better not to join, in linq that is. When there are navigation properties a very succinct way to write your linq statement is:

from dealer in db.Dealers
from contact in dealer.DealerContacts
select new { whatever you need from dealer or contact }

It translates to a where clause:

SELECT <columns>
FROM Dealer, DealerContact
WHERE Dealer.DealerID = DealerContact.DealerID

Jython has some limitations:

There are a number of differences. First, Jython programs cannot use CPython extension modules written in C. These modules usually have files with the extension .so, .pyd or .dll. If you want to use such a module, you should look for an equivalent written in pure Python or Java. Although it is technically feasible to support such extensions - IronPython does so - there are no plans to do so in Jython.

Distributing my Python scripts as JAR files with Jython?

you can simply call python scripts (or bash or Perl scripts) from Java using Runtime or ProcessBuilder and pass output back to Java:

Running a bash shell script in java

Running Command Line in Java

java runtime.getruntime() getting output from executing a command line program

I searched a lot for proper answer but no where I could find an Answer which could exactly remove all the padding from the TextView, but finally after going through the official doc got a work around for Single Line Texts

android:includeFontPadding="false"
android:lineSpacingExtra="0dp"

Adding these two lines to TextView xml will do the work.
First attribute removes the padding reserved for accents and second attribute removes the spacing reserved to maintain proper space between two lines of text.

Make sure not to add lineSpacingExtra="0dp" in multiline TextView as it might make the appearance clumsy

Gradle:

dependencies {
   implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.5'
}

Maven:

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
  <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
  <version>2.8.5</version> 
</dependency>

Gson jar downloads are available from Maven Central.

You can use the regular expression like:

var arr = element.split(/_(.*)/)

I'm not sure, what you mean as the 'mobile width'. But in each case, the CSS @media can be used for hiding elements in the screen width basis. See some example:

<div id="my-content"></div>

...and:

@media screen and (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 400px) {
  #my-content { display: block; }  /* show it on small screens */
}

@media screen and (min-width: 401px) and (max-width: 1024px) {
  #my-content { display: none; }   /* hide it elsewhere */
}

Some truly mobile detection is kind of hard programming and rather difficult. Eventually see the: http://detectmobilebrowsers.com/ or other similar sources.

basically BASE_DIR is your django project directory, same dir where manage.py is.

    TEMPLATES = [
        {
            'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
            'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
            'APP_DIRS': True,
            'OPTIONS': {
                'context_processors': [
                    'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                    'django.template.context_processors.request',
                    'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                    'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
                ],
            },
        },
    ]

findIndex was added in 1.8:

index = _.findIndex(tv, function(voteItem) { return voteItem.id == voteID })

See: http://underscorejs.org/#findIndex

Alternatively, this also works, if you don't mind making another temporary list:

index = _.indexOf(_.pluck(tv, 'id'), voteId);

See: http://underscorejs.org/#pluck

The essentials of your question are as follows.

Since you have Map and User models and you have defined ManyToManyField in Map model, if you want to get access to members of the Map then you have the option of map_instance.members.all() since you have defined members field. However, say you want to access all maps a user is a part of then what option do you have.

By default, Django provided you with user_instance.modelname_set.all() and this will translate to the user.map_set.all() in this case.

maps is much better than map_set.

related_name provides you an ability to let Django know how you are going to access Map from User model or in general how you can access reverse models which is the whole point in creating ManyToMany fields and using ORM in that sense.

I know this is an old question but I thought I would provide an example using the srcdoc attribute as this is now widely supported and this is question is viewed often.

Using the srcdoc attribute, you can provide inline HTML to embed. It overrides the src attribute if supported. The browser will fall back to the src attribute if unsupported.

I would also recommend using the sandbox attribute to apply extra restrictions to the content in the frame. This is especially important if the HTML is not your own.

const iframe = document.createElement('iframe');_x000D_
const html = '<body>Foo</body>';_x000D_
iframe.srcdoc = html;_x000D_
iframe.sandbox = '';_x000D_
document.body.appendChild(iframe);

If you need to support older browsers, you can check for srcdoc support and fallback to one of the other methods from other answers.

function setIframeHTML(iframe, html) {_x000D_
  if (typeof iframe.srcdoc !== 'undefined') {_x000D_
    iframe.srcdoc = html;_x000D_
  } else {_x000D_
    iframe.sandbox = 'allow-same-origin';_x000D_
    iframe.contentWindow.document.open();_x000D_
    iframe.contentWindow.document.write(html);_x000D_
    iframe.contentWindow.document.close();_x000D_
  }_x000D_
}_x000D_
_x000D_
var iframe = document.createElement('iframe');_x000D_
iframe.sandbox = '';_x000D_
var html = '<body>Foo</body>';_x000D_
_x000D_
document.body.appendChild(iframe);_x000D_
setIframeHTML(iframe, html);

Perhaps you try to reset your intellisense cache. I've had a similar issue in visual studio 2012 when working in a large project with many partial class definitions. Reducing the partials solved the problem partially, clearing the intellisense cache also - for a while.

I personally use import because, we can import the required methods, members by using import.

import {foo, bar} from "dep";

FileName: dep.js

export foo function(){};
export const bar = 22

Credit goes to Paul Shan. More info.

toInteger() method is available in groovy, you could use that.

if [[ $(id -u) -ne 0 ]] ; then echo "Please run as root" ; exit 1 ; fi

or

if [[ `id -u` -ne 0 ]] ; then echo "Please run as root" ; exit 1 ; fi

:)

I wanted solutions with as much support of old browsers as possible. Otherwise I'd say either the currentScript or the data attributes method would be most stylish.

This is the only of these methods not brought up here yet. Particularly, if for some reason you have great amounts of data, then the best option might be:

localStorage

/* On the original page, you add an inline JS Script: */
<script>
   localStorage.setItem('data-1', 'I got a lot of data.');
   localStorage.setItem('data-2', 'More of my data.');
   localStorage.setItem('data-3', 'Even more data.');
</script>

/* External target JS Script, where your data is needed: */
var data1 = localStorage.getItem('data-1');
var data2 = localStorage.getItem('data-2');
var data3 = localStorage.getItem('data-3');

localStorage has full modern browser support, and surprisingly good support of older browsers too, back to IE 8, Firefox 3,5 and Safari 4 [eleven years back] among others.

If you don't have a lot of data, but still want extensive browser support, maybe the best option is:

Meta tags [by Robidu]

/* HTML: */
<meta name="yourData" content="Your data is here" />

/* JS: */
var data1 = document.getElementsByName('yourData')[0].content;

The flaw of this, is that the correct place to put meta tags [up until HTML 4] is in the head tag, and you might not want this data up there. To avoid that, or putting meta tags in body, you could use a:

Hidden paragraph

/* HTML: */
<p hidden id="yourData">Your data is here</p>

/* JS: */
var yourData = document.getElementById('yourData').innerHTML;

For even more browser support, you could use a CSS class instead of the hidden attribute:

/* CSS: */
.hidden {
   display: none;
}

/* HTML: */
<p class="hidden" id="yourData">Your data is here</p>

Some 2+ years after I asked this question I'd like to explain it the way I'd want it explained back when I was still a complete newb and would be most beneficial to people who want to understand the process.

First of all, forget the "11111111" example value, which is not really all that suited for the visual explanation of the process. So let the initial value be 10111011 (187 decimal) which will be a little more illustrative of the process.

1 - how to read a 3 bit value starting from the second bit:

    ___  <- those 3 bits
10111011 

The value is 101, or 5 in decimal, there are 2 possible ways to get it:

• mask and shift

In this approach, the needed bits are first masked with the value 00001110 (14 decimal) after which it is shifted in place:

    ___
10111011 AND
00001110 =
00001010 >> 1 =
     ___
00000101

The expression for this would be: (value & 14) >> 1

• shift and mask

This approach is similar, but the order of operations is reversed, meaning the original value is shifted and then masked with 00000111 (7) to only leave the last 3 bits:

    ___
10111011 >> 1
     ___
01011101 AND
00000111
00000101

The expression for this would be: (value >> 1) & 7

Both approaches involve the same amount of complexity, and therefore will not differ in performance.

2 - how to write a 3 bit value starting from the second bit:

In this case, the initial value is known, and when this is the case in code, you may be able to come up with a way to set the known value to another known value which uses less operations, but in reality this is rarely the case, most of the time the code will know neither the initial value, nor the one which is to be written.

This means that in order for the new value to be successfully "spliced" into byte, the target bits must be set to zero, after which the shifted value is "spliced" in place, which is the first step:

    ___ 
10111011 AND
11110001 (241) =
10110001 (masked original value)

The second step is to shift the value we want to write in the 3 bits, say we want to change that from 101 (5) to 110 (6)

     ___
00000110 << 1 =
    ___
00001100 (shifted "splice" value)

The third and final step is to splice the masked original value with the shifted "splice" value:

10110001 OR
00001100 =
    ___
10111101

The expression for the whole process would be: (value & 241) | (6 << 1)

Bonus - how to generate the read and write masks:

Naturally, using a binary to decimal converter is far from elegant, especially in the case of 32 and 64 bit containers - decimal values get crazy big. It is possible to easily generate the masks with expressions, which the compiler can efficiently resolve during compilation:

• read mask for "mask and shift": ((1 << fieldLength) - 1) << (fieldIndex - 1), assuming that the index at the first bit is 1 (not zero)
• read mask for "shift and mask": (1 << fieldLength) - 1 (index does not play a role here since it is always shifted to the first bit
• write mask : just invert the "mask and shift" mask expression with the ~ operator

How does it work (with the 3bit field beginning at the second bit from the examples above)?

00000001 << 3
00001000  - 1
00000111 << 1
00001110  ~ (read mask)
11110001    (write mask)

The same examples apply to wider integers and arbitrary bit width and position of the fields, with the shift and mask values varying accordingly.

Also note that the examples assume unsigned integer, which is what you want to use in order to use integers as portable bit-field alternative (regular bit-fields are in no way guaranteed by the standard to be portable), both left and right shift insert a padding 0, which is not the case with right shifting a signed integer.

Even easier:

Using this set of macros (but only in C++ since it relies on the generation of member functions):

#define GETMASK(index, size) ((((size_t)1 << (size)) - 1) << (index))
#define READFROM(data, index, size) (((data) & GETMASK((index), (size))) >> (index))
#define WRITETO(data, index, size, value) ((data) = (((data) & (~GETMASK((index), (size)))) | (((value) << (index)) & (GETMASK((index), (size))))))
#define FIELD(data, name, index, size) \
  inline decltype(data) name() const { return READFROM(data, index, size); } \
  inline void set_##name(decltype(data) value) { WRITETO(data, index, size, value); }

You could go for something as simple as:

struct A {
  uint bitData;
  FIELD(bitData, one, 0, 1)
  FIELD(bitData, two, 1, 2)
};

And have the bit fields implemented as properties you can easily access:

A a;
a.set_two(3);
cout << a.two();

Replace decltype with gcc's typeof pre-C++11.

It's a little difficult to tell what you're trying to achieve, but assuming you're trying to get a Base64 string that when decoded is abcdef==, the following should work:

byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("abcdef==");
string base64 = Convert.ToBase64String(bytes);
Console.WriteLine(base64);

This will output: YWJjZGVmPT0= which is abcdef== encoded in Base64.

Edit:

To decode a Base64 string, simply use Convert.FromBase64String(). E.g.

string base64 = "YWJjZGVmPT0=";
byte[] bytes = Convert.FromBase64String(base64);

At this point, bytes will be a byte[] (not a string). If we know that the byte array represents a string in UTF8, then it can be converted back to the string form using:

string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
Console.WriteLine(str);

This will output the original input string, abcdef== in this case.

boolean entered = false, last;
while (( entered |= last = ( condition ) )) {
        // Do while
} if ( !entered ) {
        // Else
}

You'r welcome.

you can use fill-fetch, which is an extension of fetch. Simply, you can post data as below:

import { fill } from 'fill-fetch';

const fetcher = fill();

fetcher.config.timeout = 3000;
fetcher.config.maxConcurrence = 10;
fetcher.config.baseURL = 'http://www.github.com';

const res = await fetcher.post('/', { a: 1 }, {
    headers: {
        'bearer': '1234'
    }
});

Use next:

(1..10).each do |a|
  next if a.even?
  puts a
end

prints:

1
3   
5
7
9

For additional coolness check out also redo and retry.

Works also for friends like times, upto, downto, each_with_index, select, map and other iterators (and more generally blocks).

For more info see http://ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/html/tut_expressions.html#UL.

You are currently comparing the addresses of the two strings.

Use strcmp to compare the values of two char arrays

 if (strcmp(namet2, nameIt2) != 0)

Here I'm basically wrapping a button in a link. The advantage is that you can post to different action methods in the same form.

<a href="Controller/ActionMethod">
    <input type="button" value="Click Me" />
</a>

Adding parameters:

<a href="Controller/ActionMethod?userName=ted">
    <input type="button" value="Click Me" />
</a>

Adding parameters from a non-enumerated Model:

<a href="Controller/[email protected]">
    <input type="button" value="Click Me" />
</a>

You can do the same for an enumerated Model too. You would just have to reference a single entity first. Happy Coding!

public static boolean isInt(double d)
{
    return d == (int) d;
}

For those people still arriving at this question in 2020 or later, there are newer options that may be better than both of these. For example, utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci.

All these collations are for the UTF-8 character encoding. The differences are in how text is sorted and compared.

_unicode_ci and _general_ci are two different sets of rules for sorting and comparing text according to the way we expect. Newer versions of MySQL introduce new sets of rules, too, such as _0900_ai_ci for equivalent rules based on Unicode 9.0 - and with no equivalent _general_ci variant. People reading this now should probably use one of these newer collations instead of either _unicode_ci or _general_ci. The description of those older collations below is provided for interest only.

MySQL is currently transitioning away from an older, flawed UTF-8 implementation. For now, you need to use utf8mb4 instead of utf8 for the character encoding part, to ensure you are getting the fixed version. The flawed version remains for backward compatibility, though it is being deprecated.

Key differences

• utf8mb4_unicode_ci is based on the official Unicode rules for universal sorting and comparison, which sorts accurately in a wide range of languages.

• utf8mb4_general_ci is a simplified set of sorting rules which aims to do as well as it can while taking many short-cuts designed to improve speed. It does not follow the Unicode rules and will result in undesirable sorting or comparison in some situations, such as when using particular languages or characters.

  On modern servers, this performance boost will be all but negligible. It was devised in a time when servers had a tiny fraction of the CPU performance of today's computers.

Benefits of utf8mb4_unicode_ci over utf8mb4_general_ci

utf8mb4_unicode_ci, which uses the Unicode rules for sorting and comparison, employs a fairly complex algorithm for correct sorting in a wide range of languages and when using a wide range of special characters. These rules need to take into account language-specific conventions; not everybody sorts their characters in what we would call 'alphabetical order'.

As far as Latin (ie "European") languages go, there is not much difference between the Unicode sorting and the simplified utf8mb4_general_ci sorting in MySQL, but there are still a few differences:

• For examples, the Unicode collation sorts "ß" like "ss", and "Œ" like "OE" as people using those characters would normally want, whereas utf8mb4_general_ci sorts them as single characters (presumably like "s" and "e" respectively).

• Some Unicode characters are defined as ignorable, which means they shouldn't count toward the sort order and the comparison should move on to the next character instead. utf8mb4_unicode_ci handles these properly.

In non-latin languages, such as Asian languages or languages with different alphabets, there may be a lot more differences between Unicode sorting and the simplified utf8mb4_general_ci sorting. The suitability of utf8mb4_general_ci will depend heavily on the language used. For some languages, it'll be quite inadequate.

What should you use?

There is almost certainly no reason to use utf8mb4_general_ci anymore, as we have left behind the point where CPU speed is low enough that the performance difference would be important. Your database will almost certainly be limited by other bottlenecks than this.

In the past, some people recommended to use utf8mb4_general_ci except when accurate sorting was going to be important enough to justify the performance cost. Today, that performance cost has all but disappeared, and developers are treating internationalization more seriously.

There's an argument to be made that if speed is more important to you than accuracy, you may as well not do any sorting at all. It's trivial to make an algorithm faster if you do not need it to be accurate. So, utf8mb4_general_ci is a compromise that's probably not needed for speed reasons and probably also not suitable for accuracy reasons.

One other thing I'll add is that even if you know your application only supports the English language, it may still need to deal with people's names, which can often contain characters used in other languages in which it is just as important to sort correctly. Using the Unicode rules for everything helps add peace of mind that the very smart Unicode people have worked very hard to make sorting work properly.

What the parts mean

Firstly, ci is for case-insensitive sorting and comparison. This means it's suitable for textual data, and case is not important. The other types of collation are cs (case-sensitive) for textual data where case is important, and bin, for where the encoding needs to match, bit for bit, which is suitable for fields which are really encoded binary data (including, for example, Base64). Case-sensitive sorting leads to some weird results and case-sensitive comparison can result in duplicate values differing only in letter case, so case-sensitive collations are falling out of favor for textual data - if case is significant to you, then otherwise ignorable punctuation and so on is probably also significant, and a binary collation might be more appropriate.

Next, unicode or general refers to the specific sorting and comparison rules - in particular, the way text is normalized or compared. There are many different sets of rules for the utf8mb4 character encoding, with unicode and general being two that attempt to work well in all possible languages rather than one specific one. The differences between these two sets of rules are the subject of this answer. Note that unicode uses rules from Unicode 4.0. Recent versions of MySQL add the rulesets unicode_520 using rules from Unicode 5.2, and 0900 (dropping the "unicode_" part) using rules from Unicode 9.0.

And lastly, utf8mb4 is of course the character encoding used internally. In this answer I'm talking only about Unicode based encodings.

Using the backtick (`) works fine for me if I put them in the following places:

$cmd="\\server\toto.exe -batch=B -param=`"sort1;parmtxt='Security ID=1234'`""

$cmd returns as:

\\server\toto.exe -batch=B -param="sort1;parmtxt='Security ID=1234'"

Is that what you were looking for?

The error PowerShell gave me referred to an unexpected token 'sort1', and that's how I determined where to put the backticks.

The @' ... '@ syntax is called a "here string" and will return exactly what is entered. You can also use them to populate variables in the following fashion:

$cmd=@'
"\\server\toto.exe -batch=B -param="sort1;parmtxt='Security ID=1234'""
'@

The opening and closing symbols must be on their own line as shown above.

If you just want to execute the shell command in your c program, you could use,

   #include <stdlib.h>

   int system(const char *command);

In your case,

system("pwd");

The issue is that there isn't an executable file called "pwd" and I'm unable to execute "echo $PWD", since echo is also a built-in command with no executable to be found.

What do you mean by this? You should be able to find the mentioned packages in /bin/

sudo find / -executable -name pwd
sudo find / -executable -name echo

Example Bold text:

UILabel *titleBold = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 10, 200, 30)];
UIFont* myBoldFont = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:[UIFont systemFontSize]];
[titleBold setFont:myBoldFont];

Example Italic text:

UILabel *subTitleItalic = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 35, 200, 30)];
UIFont* myItalicFont = [UIFont italicSystemFontOfSize:[UIFont systemFontSize]];
[subTitleItalic setFont:myItalicFont];

Applying the BoxCox transformation to data, without the need of any underlying model, can be done currently using the package geoR. Specifically, you can use the function boxcoxfit() for finding the best parameter and then predict the transformed variables using the function BCtransform().

STEP 1) Start Android SDK Manager

With android command something as below,

$ /usr/local/android-studio/sdk/tools/android

STEP 2) Find API 18

STEP 3) Select Android 4.3 (API 18 ) and install packages.

use

document.getElementsByTagName(" * ");

to get all XML elements from within an XML file, this does however return repeating attributes

example:

NodeList list = doc.getElementsByTagName("*");

System.out.println("XML Elements: ");

        for (int i=0; i<list.getLength(); i++) {

            Element element = (Element)list.item(i);
            System.out.println(element.getNodeName());
        }

It very much depend on the program you're using. Different programs (Emacs, vi, sed, and Perl) use slightly different regular expressions. In this case, I'd say that in the first pattern, the last "+" should be removed.

Using java 8 Stream API could simplify your job.

public static boolean inArray(int[] array, int check) {
    return Stream.of(array).anyMatch(i -> i == check);
}

It's just you have the overhead of creating a new Stream from Array, but this gives exposure to use other Stream API. In your case you may not want to create new method for one-line operation, unless you wish to use this as utility. Hope this helps!

I had the same problem using Apache commons-fileupload. I did not find out what causes the problems especially because I have the UTF-8 encoding in the following places: 1. HTML meta tag 2. Form accept-charset attribute 3. Tomcat filter on every request that sets the "UTF-8" encoding

-> My solution was to especially convert Strings from ISO-8859-1 (or whatever is the default encoding of your platform) to UTF-8:

new String (s.getBytes ("iso-8859-1"), "UTF-8");

hope that helps

Edit: starting with Java 7 you can also use the following:

new String (s.getBytes (StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

If you have "git" or "Cygwin" on your Windows Machine, then go to the folder where your file is present and execute the command:

file *

This will give you the encoding details of all the files in that folder.

With the Entity Framework most of the time SaveChanges() is sufficient. This creates a transaction, or enlists in any ambient transaction, and does all the necessary work in that transaction.

Sometimes though the SaveChanges(false) + AcceptAllChanges() pairing is useful.

The most useful place for this is in situations where you want to do a distributed transaction across two different Contexts.

I.e. something like this (bad):

using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope())
{
    //Do something with context1
    //Do something with context2

    //Save and discard changes
    context1.SaveChanges();

    //Save and discard changes
    context2.SaveChanges();

    //if we get here things are looking good.
    scope.Complete();
}

If context1.SaveChanges() succeeds but context2.SaveChanges() fails the whole distributed transaction is aborted. But unfortunately the Entity Framework has already discarded the changes on context1, so you can't replay or effectively log the failure.

But if you change your code to look like this:

using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope())
{
    //Do something with context1
    //Do something with context2

    //Save Changes but don't discard yet
    context1.SaveChanges(false);

    //Save Changes but don't discard yet
    context2.SaveChanges(false);

    //if we get here things are looking good.
    scope.Complete();
    context1.AcceptAllChanges();
    context2.AcceptAllChanges();

}

While the call to SaveChanges(false) sends the necessary commands to the database, the context itself is not changed, so you can do it again if necessary, or you can interrogate the ObjectStateManager if you want.

This means if the transaction actually throws an exception you can compensate, by either re-trying or logging state of each contexts ObjectStateManager somewhere.

See my blog post for more.

This code written above worked for me as well. Although, you can use the code I am writing here:

@echo off

@echo>"d:\testing\dblank.txt

If you want to write some text to dblank.txt then add the following line in the end of your code

@echo Writing text to dblank.txt> dblank.txt

Delete origin and anchor will be more regular picture

  var icon = {
        url: "image path", // url
        scaledSize: new google.maps.Size(50, 50), // size
    };

 marker = new google.maps.Marker({
  position: new google.maps.LatLng(lat, long),
  map: map,
  icon: icon
 });

I have bypassed the problem in a Homestead Laravel (vagrant) virtual machine running the composer commands preceded by COMPOSER_MEMORY_LIMIT=-1:

Examples

To update Composer:

COMPOSER_MEMORY_LIMIT=-1 composer update

To install a package:

COMPOSER_MEMORY_LIMIT=-1 composer require spatie/laravel-translatable

Using Quick Watch in Visual Studio you can access the LoaderExceptions from ViewDetails of the thrown exception like this:

($exception).LoaderExceptions

In PHP there are a lot of variables that I should check. Is it the same on Go?

This has nothing to do with Go (or PHP for that matter). It just depends on what the client, proxy, load-balancer, or server is sending. Get the one you need depending on your environment.

http.Request.RemoteAddr contains the remote IP address. It may or may not be your actual client.

And is the request case sensitive? for example x-forwarded-for is the same as X-Forwarded-For and X-FORWARDED-FOR? (from req.Header.Get("X-FORWARDED-FOR"))

No, why not try it yourself? http://play.golang.org/p/YMf_UBvDsH

In Configure method declare your role manager (Startup)

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env, RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleManager)
    {
        if (env.IsDevelopment())
        {
            app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
        }

        app.UseHttpsRedirection();

        app.UseRouting();

        app.UseAuthorization();

        app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
        {
            endpoints.MapControllers();
        });

        Task.Run(()=>this.CreateRoles(roleManager)).Wait();
    }


    private async Task CreateRoles(RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleManager)
    {
        foreach (string rol in this.Configuration.GetSection("Roles").Get<List<string>>())
        {
            if (!await roleManager.RoleExistsAsync(rol))
            {
                await roleManager.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(rol));
            }
        }
    }

OPTIONAL - In appsettings.JSON (it depends on you where you wanna get roles from)

{
"Roles": [
"SuperAdmin",
"Admin",
"Employee",
"Customer"
  ]
}

Locate the installation path of GlassFish. Then move to domains/domain-dir/logs/ and you'll find there the log files. If you have created the domain with NetBeans, the domain-dir is most probably called domain1.

See this link for the official GlassFish documentation about logging.

You want a check constraint.

CHECK constraints determine the valid values from a logical expression that is not based on data in another column. For example, the range of values for a salary column can be limited by creating a CHECK constraint that allows for only data that ranges from $15,000 through $100,000. This prevents salaries from being entered beyond the regular salary range.

You want something like:

ALTER TABLE dbo.Table ADD CONSTRAINT CK_Table_Frequency
    CHECK (Frequency IN ('Daily', 'Weekly', 'Monthly', 'Yearly'))

You can also implement check constraints with scalar functions, as described in the link above, which is how I prefer to do it.

If the numbers are seprated by whitespace in the string then you can use sscanf(). Since, it's not the case with your example, you have to do it yourself:

char tmp[256];

for(i=0;str[i];i++)
{
  j=0;
  while(str[i]>='0' && str[i]<='9')
  {
     tmp[j]=str[i];
     i++;
     j++;
  }
  tmp[j]=0;
  printf("%ld", strtol(tmp, &tmp, 10));
  // Or store in an integer array

}

You can use the .bind method to pre-build the parameters to the handleChange method. It would be something like:

  var Hello = React.createClass({
    getInitialState: function() {
        return {input1:0, 
                input2:0};
    },
    render: function() {
      var total = this.state.input1 + this.state.input2;
      return (
        <div>{total}<br/>
          <input type="text" value={this.state.input1} 
                             onChange={this.handleChange.bind(this, 'input1')} />
          <input type="text" value={this.state.input2} 
                             onChange={this.handleChange.bind(this, 'input2')} />
        </div>
      );
    },
    handleChange: function (name, e) {
      var change = {};
      change[name] = e.target.value;
      this.setState(change);
    }
  });

  React.renderComponent(<Hello />, document.getElementById('content'));

(I also made total be computed at render time, as it is the recommended thing to do.)

$('#elementid').css('border-bottom', 'solid 1px red');

Braintree also has an open source PHP library that makes PHP integration pretty easy.

Just drop the option v.

-v is for verbose. If you don't use it then it won't display:

tar -zxf tmp.tar.gz -C ~/tmp1

This link explains where you're going wrong:

[35.12] Why can't I separate the definition of my templates class from its declaration and put it inside a .cpp file?

Place the definition of your constructors, destructors methods and whatnot in your header file, and that will correct the problem.

This offers another solution:

How can I avoid linker errors with my template functions?

However this requires you to anticipate how your template will be used and, as a general solution, is counter-intuitive. It does solve the corner case though where you develop a template to be used by some internal mechanism, and you want to police the manner in which it is used.

Dump all databases with all tables but skip certain tables

on github: https://github.com/rubo77/mysql-backup.sh/blob/master/mysql-backup.sh

#!/bin/bash
# mysql-backup.sh

if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
  echo
  echo "ERROR: root password Parameter missing."
  exit
fi
DB_host=localhost
MYSQL_USER=root
MYSQL_PASS=$1
MYSQL_CONN="-u${MYSQL_USER} -p${MYSQL_PASS}"
#MYSQL_CONN=""

BACKUP_DIR=/backup/mysql/

mkdir $BACKUP_DIR -p

MYSQLPATH=/var/lib/mysql/

IGNORE="database1.table1, database1.table2, database2.table1,"

# strpos $1 $2 [$3]
# strpos haystack needle [optional offset of an input string]
strpos()
{
    local str=${1}
    local offset=${3}
    if [ -n "${offset}" ]; then
        str=`substr "${str}" ${offset}`
    else
        offset=0
    fi
    str=${str/${2}*/}
    if [ "${#str}" -eq "${#1}" ]; then
        return 0
    fi
    echo $((${#str}+${offset}))
}

cd $MYSQLPATH
for i in */; do
    if [ $i != 'performance_schema/' ] ; then 
    DB=`basename "$i"` 
    #echo "backup $DB->$BACKUP_DIR$DB.sql.lzo"
    mysqlcheck "$DB" $MYSQL_CONN --silent --auto-repair >/tmp/tmp_grep_mysql-backup
    grep -E -B1 "note|warning|support|auto_increment|required|locks" /tmp/tmp_grep_mysql-backup>/tmp/tmp_grep_mysql-backup_not
    grep -v "$(cat /tmp/tmp_grep_mysql-backup_not)" /tmp/tmp_grep_mysql-backup

    tbl_count=0
    for t in $(mysql -NBA -h $DB_host $MYSQL_CONN -D $DB -e 'show tables') 
    do
      found=$(strpos "$IGNORE" "$DB"."$t,")
      if [ "$found" == "" ] ; then 
        echo "DUMPING TABLE: $DB.$t"
        mysqldump -h $DB_host $MYSQL_CONN $DB $t --events --skip-lock-tables | lzop -3 -f -o $BACKUP_DIR/$DB.$t.sql.lzo
        tbl_count=$(( tbl_count + 1 ))
      fi
    done
    echo "$tbl_count tables dumped from database '$DB' into dir=$BACKUP_DIR"
    fi
done

With a little help of https://stackoverflow.com/a/17016410/1069083

It uses lzop which is much faster, see:http://pokecraft.first-world.info/wiki/Quick_Benchmark:_Gzip_vs_Bzip2_vs_LZMA_vs_XZ_vs_LZ4_vs_LZO

For me none of the packages mentioned above did help.

I finally managed to install lxml after running:

sudo apt-get install python3.5-dev

Can refer to here: https://ss64.com/nt/start.html

start "" /D F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common\ /W Template.bat

There is no such thing. You'll have to either write a loop using printf or puts, or write a function that copies the string count times into a new string.

Just installed new version of gradle and it started working for me. I think the local instances of gradle were messed up

Hello I used this code to have the super user in mysql

GRANT EXECUTE, PROCESS, SELECT, SHOW DATABASES, SHOW VIEW, ALTER, ALTER ROUTINE,
    CREATE, CREATE ROUTINE, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, CREATE VIEW, DELETE, DROP,
    EVENT, INDEX, INSERT, REFERENCES, TRIGGER, UPDATE, CREATE USER, FILE,
    LOCK TABLES, RELOAD, REPLICATION CLIENT, REPLICATION SLAVE, SHUTDOWN,
    SUPER
        ON *.* TO mysql@'%'
    WITH GRANT OPTION;

and then

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Instead of "w" use "a" (append) mode with open function:

with open("games.txt", "a") as text_file:

If you don't mind mutating x,

x.update(y) or x

Simple, readable, performant. You know update() always returns None, which is a false value. So the above expression will always evaluate to x, after updating it.

Most mutating methods in the standard library (like .update()) return None by convention, so this kind of pattern will work on those too. However, if you're using a dict subclass or some other method that doesn't follow this convention, then or may return its left operand, which may not be what you want. Instead, you can use a tuple display and index, which works regardless of what the first element evaluates to (although it's not quite as pretty):

(x.update(y), x)[-1]

If you don't have x in a variable yet, you can use lambda to make a local without using an assignment statement. This amounts to using lambda as a let expression, which is a common technique in functional languages, but maybe unpythonic.

(lambda x: x.update(y) or x)({'a': 1, 'b': 2})

Although it's not that different from the following use of the new walrus operator (Python 3.8+ only):

(x := {'a': 1, 'b': 2}).update(y) or x

If you do want a copy, PEP 584 style x | y is the most Pythonic on 3.9+. If you must support older versions, PEP 448 style {**x, **y} is easiest for 3.5+. But if that's not available in your (even older) Python version, the let pattern works here too.

(lambda z: z.update(y) or z)(x.copy())

(That is, of course, nearly equivalent to (z := x.copy()).update(y) or z, but if your Python version is new enough for that, then the PEP 448 style will be available.)

Warning: Never ever refer to w3schools for learning purposes. They have so many mistakes in their tutorials.

According to the mysqli_query documentation, the first parameter must be a connection string:

$link = mysqli_connect("localhost","root","","web_table");

mysqli_query($link,"INSERT INTO web_formitem (`ID`, `formID`, `caption`, `key`, `sortorder`, `type`, `enabled`, `mandatory`, `data`)
VALUES (105, 7, 'Tip izdelka (6)', 'producttype_6', 42, 5, 1, 0, 0)") 
or die(mysqli_error($link));

Note: Add backticks ` for column names in your insert query as some of your column names are reserved words.

For this case, I do something like this:

var obj = {};_x000D_
_x000D_
if(Object.keys(obj).length == 0){_x000D_
        console.log("The obj is null")_x000D_
}

You have to set to element_blank() in theme() elements you need to remove

ggplot(data = diamonds, mapping = aes(x = clarity)) + geom_bar(aes(fill = cut))+
  theme(axis.title.x=element_blank(),
        axis.text.x=element_blank(),
        axis.ticks.x=element_blank())

<div ng-app="" ng-controller="myCntrl">    
        <input type="radio" ng-model="people" value="1"/><label>1</label>
        <input type="radio" ng-model="people" value="2"/><label>2</label>
        <input type="radio" ng-model="people" value="3"/><label>3</label>
</div>
<script>
    function myCntrl($scope){
        $scope.people=1;
    }
</script>

SetConsoleTextAttribute.

HANDLE hStdOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
SetConsoleTextAttribute(hStdOut, FOREGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_BLUE | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_RED);

This would produce red text on a white background.

Notionally a += b "adds" b to a storing the result in a. This simplistic description would describe the += operator in many languages.

However the simplistic description raises a couple of questions.

1. What exactly do we mean by "adding"?
2. What exactly do we mean by "storing the result in a"? python variables don't store values directly they store references to objects.

In python the answers to both of these questions depend on the data type of a.

So what exactly does "adding" mean?

• For numbers it means numeric addition.
• For lists, tuples, strings etc it means concatenation.

Note that for lists += is more flexible than +, the + operator on a list requires another list, but the += operator will accept any iterable.

So what does "storing the value in a" mean?

If the object is mutable then it is encouraged (but not required) to perform the modification in-place. So a points to the same object it did before but that object now has different content.

If the object is immutable then it obviously can't perform the modification in-place. Some mutable objects may also not have an implementation of an in-place "add" operation . In this case the variable "a" will be updated to point to a new object containing the result of an addition operation.

Technically this is implemented by looking for __IADD__ first, if that is not implemented then __ADD__ is tried and finally __RADD__.

Care is required when using += in python on variables where we are not certain of the exact type and in particular where we are not certain if the type is mutable or not. For example consider the following code.

def dostuff(a):
    b = a
    a += (3,4)
    print(repr(a)+' '+repr(b))

dostuff((1,2))
dostuff([1,2])

When we invoke dostuff with a tuple then the tuple is copied as part of the += operation and so b is unaffected. However when we invoke it with a list the list is modified in place, so both a and b are affected.

In python 3, similar behaviour is observed with the "bytes" and "bytearray" types.

Finally note that reassignment happens even if the object is not replaced. This doesn't matter much if the left hand side is simply a variable but it can cause confusing behaviour when you have an immutable collection referring to mutable collections for example:

a = ([1,2],[3,4])
a[0] += [5]

In this case [5] will successfully be added to the list referred to by a[0] but then afterwards an exception will be raised when the code tries and fails to reassign a[0].

If you are looking for sending color data from backend

def color():
    color = "#{:06x}".format(random.randint(0, 0xFFFFFF))
    return color

what about this?

    $(this).mouseleave(function(){  
        var thisUI = $(this);
        $('html').click(function(){
                thisUI.hide();
            $('html').unbind('click');
         });
     });

Recently released JDK 1.8.0_40 added support for JavaFX dialogs, alerts, etc. For example, to show a confirmation dialog, one would use the Alert class:

Alert alert = new Alert(AlertType.CONFIRMATION, "Delete " + selection + " ?", ButtonType.YES, ButtonType.NO, ButtonType.CANCEL);
alert.showAndWait();

if (alert.getResult() == ButtonType.YES) {
    //do stuff
}

Here's a list of added classes in this release:

• javafx.scene.control.Dialog
• javafx.scene.control.Alert
• javafx.scene.control.TextInputDialog
• javafx.scene.control.ChoiceDialog

You should try these tools :

• xmlstarlet : can edit, select, transform... Not installed by default, xpath1
• xmllint : often installed by default with libxml2-utils, xpath1 (check my wrapper to have --xpath switch on very old releases and newlines delimited output (v < 2.9.9)
• xpath : installed via perl's module XML::XPath, xpath1
• xml_grep : installed via perl's module XML::Twig, xpath1 (limited xpath usage)
• xidel: xpath3
• saxon-lint : my own project, wrapper over @Michael Kay's Saxon-HE Java library, xpath3

xmllint comes with libxml2-utils (can be used as interactive shell with the --shell switch)

xmlstarlet is xmlstarlet.

xpath comes with perl's module XML::Xpath

xml_grep comes with perl's module XML::Twig

xidel is xidel

saxon-lint using SaxonHE 9.6 ,XPath 3.x (+retro compatibility)

Ex :

xmllint --xpath '//element/@attribute' file.xml
xmlstarlet sel -t -v "//element/@attribute" file.xml
xpath -q -e '//element/@attribute' file.xml
xidel -se '//element/@attribute' file.xml
saxon-lint --xpath '//element/@attribute' file.xml

• xmlstarlet page
• man xmllint
• xpath page
• xml_grep
• xidel
• saxon-lint

.

if you use WAMP you should also add the certificate line in php.ini for Apache (besides the default php.ini file):

[curl]
curl.cainfo = C:\your_location\cacert.pem

works for php5.3+

By mistake I added the compile com.google.android.gms:play-services:5.+ in dependencies in build script block. You should add it in the second dependency block. make changes->synch project with gradle.

With SharePoint 2013 new library, I managed to do something like this:

private void UploadToSharePoint(string p, out string newUrl)  //p is path to file to load
{
    string siteUrl = "https://myCompany.sharepoint.com/site/";
    //Insert Credentials
    ClientContext context = new ClientContext(siteUrl);

    SecureString passWord = new SecureString();
    foreach (var c in "mypassword") passWord.AppendChar(c);
    context.Credentials = new SharePointOnlineCredentials("myUserName", passWord);
    Web site = context.Web;

    //Get the required RootFolder
    string barRootFolderRelativeUrl = "Shared Documents/foo/bar";
    Folder barFolder = site.GetFolderByServerRelativeUrl(barRootFolderRelativeUrl);

    //Create new subFolder to load files into
    string newFolderName = baseName + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmm");
    barFolder.Folders.Add(newFolderName);
    barFolder.Update();

    //Add file to new Folder
    Folder currentRunFolder = site.GetFolderByServerRelativeUrl(barRootFolderRelativeUrl + "/" + newFolderName);
    FileCreationInformation newFile = new FileCreationInformation { Content = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(@p), Url = Path.GetFileName(@p), Overwrite = true };
    currentRunFolder.Files.Add(newFile);
    currentRunFolder.Update();

    context.ExecuteQuery();

    //Return the URL of the new uploaded file
    newUrl = siteUrl + barRootFolderRelativeUrl + "/" + newFolderName + "/" + Path.GetFileName(@p);
}

I would just use a value in the querystring to pass the required information to the next page.

For me, none of the answers worked for ranges that include both virgin cells and cells that are empty based on a formula (e.g. =IF(1=2;"";""))

What solved it for me is this:

=COUNTA(FILTER(range, range <> ""))

Environment variables (that you modify using the System Properties) are only propagated to subshells when you create a new subshell.

If you had a command line prompt (DOS or cygwin) open when you changed the User env vars, then they won't show up.

You need to open a new command line prompt after you change the user settings.

The equivalent in Unix/Linux is adding a line to your .bash_rc: you need to start a new shell to get the values.

This work for Checkbox too.

public class EnumToBoolConverter:IValueConverter
{
    private int val;
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        int intParam = (int)parameter;
        val = (int)value;

        return ((intParam & val) != 0);
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        val ^= (int)parameter;
        return Enum.Parse(targetType, val.ToString());
    }
}

Binding a single enum to multiple checkboxes.

<select name="FakeName" id="Fake-ID" aria-required="true" required>  <?php $options=nl2br(file_get_contents("employees.txt")); $options=explode("<br />",$options);  foreach ($options as $item_array) { echo "<option value='".$item_array"'>".$item_array"</option>";  } ?> </select> 

You can use Python as a quick way to host static content. On Windows, there are many options for running Python, I've personally used CygWin and ActivePython.

To use Python as a simple HTTP server just change your working directory to the folder with your static content and type python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8000, everything in the directory will be available at http:/localhost:8000/

Python 3

To do this with Python, 3.4.1 (and probably other versions of Python 3), use the http.server module:

python -m http.server <PORT>
# or possibly:
python3 -m http.server <PORT>

# example:
python -m http.server 8080

On Windows:

py -m http.server <PORT>

If you want to update multiple rows using limit in MySQL you can use this construct:

UPDATE table_name SET name='test'
WHERE id IN (
    SELECT id FROM (
        SELECT id FROM table_name 
        ORDER BY id ASC  
        LIMIT 0, 10
    ) tmp
)

Generate values from the uniform distribution on the interval [a, b].

      r = a + (b-a).*rand(100,1);

Using CPython, your file will be closed immediately after the line is executed, because the file object is immediately garbage collected. There are two drawbacks, though:

1. In Python implementations different from CPython, the file often isn't immediately closed, but rather at a later time, beyond your control.

2. In Python 3.2 or above, this will throw a ResourceWarning, if enabled.

Better to invest one additional line:

with open('pagehead.section.htm','r') as f:
    output = f.read()

This will ensure that the file is correctly closed under all circumstances.

This post itself is not a direct answer to the question. What it is instead is a data-driven extensible benchmark that can be used to compare many of the answers (and variations of utilizing new features added in later, more modern, versions of Python) that have been posted to this question — and should therefore be helpful in determining which has the best performance.

In a few cases I've modified the code in the referenced answer to make it compatible with the benchmark framework.

First, here are the results for what currently are the latest versions of Python 2 & 3:

Fastest to slowest execution speeds with 32-bit Python 2.7.16
  numpy version 1.16.5
  Test file size: 1,024 KiB
  100 executions, best of 3 repetitions

1                  Tcll (array.array) :   3.8943 secs, rel speed   1.00x,   0.00% slower (262.95 KiB/sec)
2  Vinay Sajip (read all into memory) :   4.1164 secs, rel speed   1.06x,   5.71% slower (248.76 KiB/sec)
3            codeape + iter + partial :   4.1616 secs, rel speed   1.07x,   6.87% slower (246.06 KiB/sec)
4                             codeape :   4.1889 secs, rel speed   1.08x,   7.57% slower (244.46 KiB/sec)
5               Vinay Sajip (chunked) :   4.1977 secs, rel speed   1.08x,   7.79% slower (243.94 KiB/sec)
6           Aaron Hall (Py 2 version) :   4.2417 secs, rel speed   1.09x,   8.92% slower (241.41 KiB/sec)
7                     gerrit (struct) :   4.2561 secs, rel speed   1.09x,   9.29% slower (240.59 KiB/sec)
8                     Rick M. (numpy) :   8.1398 secs, rel speed   2.09x, 109.02% slower (125.80 KiB/sec)
9                           Skurmedel :  31.3264 secs, rel speed   8.04x, 704.42% slower ( 32.69 KiB/sec)

Benchmark runtime (min:sec) - 03:26

Fastest to slowest execution speeds with 32-bit Python 3.8.0
  numpy version 1.17.4
  Test file size: 1,024 KiB
  100 executions, best of 3 repetitions

1  Vinay Sajip + "yield from" + "walrus operator" :   3.5235 secs, rel speed   1.00x,   0.00% slower (290.62 KiB/sec)
2                       Aaron Hall + "yield from" :   3.5284 secs, rel speed   1.00x,   0.14% slower (290.22 KiB/sec)
3         codeape + iter + partial + "yield from" :   3.5303 secs, rel speed   1.00x,   0.19% slower (290.06 KiB/sec)
4                      Vinay Sajip + "yield from" :   3.5312 secs, rel speed   1.00x,   0.22% slower (289.99 KiB/sec)
5      codeape + "yield from" + "walrus operator" :   3.5370 secs, rel speed   1.00x,   0.38% slower (289.51 KiB/sec)
6                          codeape + "yield from" :   3.5390 secs, rel speed   1.00x,   0.44% slower (289.35 KiB/sec)
7                                      jfs (mmap) :   4.0612 secs, rel speed   1.15x,  15.26% slower (252.14 KiB/sec)
8              Vinay Sajip (read all into memory) :   4.5948 secs, rel speed   1.30x,  30.40% slower (222.86 KiB/sec)
9                        codeape + iter + partial :   4.5994 secs, rel speed   1.31x,  30.54% slower (222.64 KiB/sec)
10                                        codeape :   4.5995 secs, rel speed   1.31x,  30.54% slower (222.63 KiB/sec)
11                          Vinay Sajip (chunked) :   4.6110 secs, rel speed   1.31x,  30.87% slower (222.08 KiB/sec)
12                      Aaron Hall (Py 2 version) :   4.6292 secs, rel speed   1.31x,  31.38% slower (221.20 KiB/sec)
13                             Tcll (array.array) :   4.8627 secs, rel speed   1.38x,  38.01% slower (210.58 KiB/sec)
14                                gerrit (struct) :   5.0816 secs, rel speed   1.44x,  44.22% slower (201.51 KiB/sec)
15                 Rick M. (numpy) + "yield from" :  11.8084 secs, rel speed   3.35x, 235.13% slower ( 86.72 KiB/sec)
16                                      Skurmedel :  11.8806 secs, rel speed   3.37x, 237.18% slower ( 86.19 KiB/sec)
17                                Rick M. (numpy) :  13.3860 secs, rel speed   3.80x, 279.91% slower ( 76.50 KiB/sec)

Benchmark runtime (min:sec) - 04:47

I also ran it with a much larger 10 MiB test file (which took nearly an hour to run) and got performance results which were comparable to those shown above.

Here's the code used to do the benchmarking:

from __future__ import print_function
import array
import atexit
from collections import deque, namedtuple
import io
from mmap import ACCESS_READ, mmap
import numpy as np
from operator import attrgetter
import os
import random
import struct
import sys
import tempfile
from textwrap import dedent
import time
import timeit
import traceback

try:
    xrange
except NameError:  # Python 3
    xrange = range


class KiB(int):
    """ KibiBytes - multiples of the byte units for quantities of information. """
    def __new__(self, value=0):
        return 1024*value


BIG_TEST_FILE = 1  # MiBs or 0 for a small file.
SML_TEST_FILE = KiB(64)
EXECUTIONS = 100  # Number of times each "algorithm" is executed per timing run.
TIMINGS = 3  # Number of timing runs.
CHUNK_SIZE = KiB(8)
if BIG_TEST_FILE:
    FILE_SIZE = KiB(1024) * BIG_TEST_FILE
else:
    FILE_SIZE = SML_TEST_FILE  # For quicker testing.

# Common setup for all algorithms -- prefixed to each algorithm's setup.
COMMON_SETUP = dedent("""
    # Make accessible in algorithms.
    from __main__ import array, deque, get_buffer_size, mmap, np, struct
    from __main__ import ACCESS_READ, CHUNK_SIZE, FILE_SIZE, TEMP_FILENAME
    from functools import partial
    try:
        xrange
    except NameError:  # Python 3
        xrange = range
""")


def get_buffer_size(path):
    """ Determine optimal buffer size for reading files. """
    st = os.stat(path)
    try:
        bufsize = st.st_blksize # Available on some Unix systems (like Linux)
    except AttributeError:
        bufsize = io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE
    return bufsize

# Utility primarily for use when embedding additional algorithms into benchmark.
VERIFY_NUM_READ = """
    # Verify generator reads correct number of bytes (assumes values are correct).
    bytes_read = sum(1 for _ in file_byte_iterator(TEMP_FILENAME))
    assert bytes_read == FILE_SIZE, \
           'Wrong number of bytes generated: got {:,} instead of {:,}'.format(
                bytes_read, FILE_SIZE)
"""

TIMING = namedtuple('TIMING', 'label, exec_time')

class Algorithm(namedtuple('CodeFragments', 'setup, test')):

    # Default timeit "stmt" code fragment.
    _TEST = """
        #for b in file_byte_iterator(TEMP_FILENAME):  # Loop over every byte.
        #    pass  # Do stuff with byte...
        deque(file_byte_iterator(TEMP_FILENAME), maxlen=0)  # Data sink.
    """

    # Must overload __new__ because (named)tuples are immutable.
    def __new__(cls, setup, test=None):
        """ Dedent (unindent) code fragment string arguments.
        Args:
          `setup` -- Code fragment that defines things used by `test` code.
                     In this case it should define a generator function named
                     `file_byte_iterator()` that will be passed that name of a test file
                     of binary data. This code is not timed.
          `test` -- Code fragment that uses things defined in `setup` code.
                    Defaults to _TEST. This is the code that's timed.
        """
        test =  cls._TEST if test is None else test  # Use default unless one is provided.

        # Uncomment to replace all performance tests with one that verifies the correct
        # number of bytes values are being generated by the file_byte_iterator function.
        #test = VERIFY_NUM_READ

        return tuple.__new__(cls, (dedent(setup), dedent(test)))


algorithms = {

    'Aaron Hall (Py 2 version)': Algorithm("""
        def file_byte_iterator(path):
            with open(path, "rb") as file:
                callable = partial(file.read, 1024)
                sentinel = bytes() # or b''
                for chunk in iter(callable, sentinel):
                    for byte in chunk:
                        yield byte
    """),

    "codeape": Algorithm("""
        def file_byte_iterator(filename, chunksize=CHUNK_SIZE):
            with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                while True:
                    chunk = f.read(chunksize)
                    if chunk:
                        for b in chunk:
                            yield b
                    else:
                        break
    """),

    "codeape + iter + partial": Algorithm("""
        def file_byte_iterator(filename, chunksize=CHUNK_SIZE):
            with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                for chunk in iter(partial(f.read, chunksize), b''):
                    for b in chunk:
                        yield b
    """),

    "gerrit (struct)": Algorithm("""
        def file_byte_iterator(filename):
            with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                fmt = '{}B'.format(FILE_SIZE)  # Reads entire file at once.
                for b in struct.unpack(fmt, f.read()):
                    yield b
    """),

    'Rick M. (numpy)': Algorithm("""
        def file_byte_iterator(filename):
            for byte in np.fromfile(filename, 'u1'):
                yield byte
    """),

    "Skurmedel": Algorithm("""
        def file_byte_iterator(filename):
            with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                byte = f.read(1)
                while byte:
                    yield byte
                    byte = f.read(1)
    """),

    "Tcll (array.array)": Algorithm("""
        def file_byte_iterator(filename):
            with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                arr = array.array('B')
                arr.fromfile(f, FILE_SIZE)  # Reads entire file at once.
                for b in arr:
                    yield b
    """),

    "Vinay Sajip (read all into memory)": Algorithm("""
        def file_byte_iterator(filename):
            with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                bytes_read = f.read()  # Reads entire file at once.
            for b in bytes_read:
                yield b
    """),

    "Vinay Sajip (chunked)": Algorithm("""
        def file_byte_iterator(filename, chunksize=CHUNK_SIZE):
            with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                chunk = f.read(chunksize)
                while chunk:
                    for b in chunk:
                        yield b
                    chunk = f.read(chunksize)
    """),

}  # End algorithms

#
# Versions of algorithms that will only work in certain releases (or better) of Python.
#
if sys.version_info >= (3, 3):
    algorithms.update({

        'codeape + iter + partial + "yield from"': Algorithm("""
            def file_byte_iterator(filename, chunksize=CHUNK_SIZE):
                with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                    for chunk in iter(partial(f.read, chunksize), b''):
                        yield from chunk
        """),

        'codeape + "yield from"': Algorithm("""
            def file_byte_iterator(filename, chunksize=CHUNK_SIZE):
                with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                    while True:
                        chunk = f.read(chunksize)
                        if chunk:
                            yield from chunk
                        else:
                            break
        """),

        "jfs (mmap)": Algorithm("""
            def file_byte_iterator(filename):
                with open(filename, "rb") as f, \
                     mmap(f.fileno(), 0, access=ACCESS_READ) as s:
                    yield from s
        """),

        'Rick M. (numpy) + "yield from"': Algorithm("""
            def file_byte_iterator(filename):
            #    data = np.fromfile(filename, 'u1')
                yield from np.fromfile(filename, 'u1')
        """),

        'Vinay Sajip + "yield from"': Algorithm("""
            def file_byte_iterator(filename, chunksize=CHUNK_SIZE):
                with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                    chunk = f.read(chunksize)
                    while chunk:
                        yield from chunk  # Added in Py 3.3
                        chunk = f.read(chunksize)
        """),

    })  # End Python 3.3 update.

if sys.version_info >= (3, 5):
    algorithms.update({

        'Aaron Hall + "yield from"': Algorithm("""
            from pathlib import Path

            def file_byte_iterator(path):
                ''' Given a path, return an iterator over the file
                    that lazily loads the file.
                '''
                path = Path(path)
                bufsize = get_buffer_size(path)

                with path.open('rb') as file:
                    reader = partial(file.read1, bufsize)
                    for chunk in iter(reader, bytes()):
                        yield from chunk
        """),

    })  # End Python 3.5 update.

if sys.version_info >= (3, 8, 0):
    algorithms.update({

        'Vinay Sajip + "yield from" + "walrus operator"': Algorithm("""
            def file_byte_iterator(filename, chunksize=CHUNK_SIZE):
                with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                    while chunk := f.read(chunksize):
                        yield from chunk  # Added in Py 3.3
        """),

        'codeape + "yield from" + "walrus operator"': Algorithm("""
            def file_byte_iterator(filename, chunksize=CHUNK_SIZE):
                with open(filename, "rb") as f:
                    while chunk := f.read(chunksize):
                        yield from chunk
        """),

    })  # End Python 3.8.0 update.update.


#### Main ####

def main():
    global TEMP_FILENAME

    def cleanup():
        """ Clean up after testing is completed. """
        try:
            os.remove(TEMP_FILENAME)  # Delete the temporary file.
        except Exception:
            pass

    atexit.register(cleanup)

    # Create a named temporary binary file of pseudo-random bytes for testing.
    fd, TEMP_FILENAME = tempfile.mkstemp('.bin')
    with os.fdopen(fd, 'wb') as file:
         os.write(fd, bytearray(random.randrange(256) for _ in range(FILE_SIZE)))

    # Execute and time each algorithm, gather results.
    start_time = time.time()  # To determine how long testing itself takes.

    timings = []
    for label in algorithms:
        try:
            timing = TIMING(label,
                            min(timeit.repeat(algorithms[label].test,
                                              setup=COMMON_SETUP + algorithms[label].setup,
                                              repeat=TIMINGS, number=EXECUTIONS)))
        except Exception as exc:
            print('{} occurred timing the algorithm: "{}"\n  {}'.format(
                    type(exc).__name__, label, exc))
            traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stdout)  # Redirect to stdout.
            sys.exit(1)
        timings.append(timing)

    # Report results.
    print('Fastest to slowest execution speeds with {}-bit Python {}.{}.{}'.format(
            64 if sys.maxsize > 2**32 else 32, *sys.version_info[:3]))
    print('  numpy version {}'.format(np.version.full_version))
    print('  Test file size: {:,} KiB'.format(FILE_SIZE // KiB(1)))
    print('  {:,d} executions, best of {:d} repetitions'.format(EXECUTIONS, TIMINGS))
    print()

    longest = max(len(timing.label) for timing in timings)  # Len of longest identifier.
    ranked = sorted(timings, key=attrgetter('exec_time')) # Sort so fastest is first.
    fastest = ranked[0].exec_time
    for rank, timing in enumerate(ranked, 1):
        print('{:<2d} {:>{width}} : {:8.4f} secs, rel speed {:6.2f}x, {:6.2f}% slower '
              '({:6.2f} KiB/sec)'.format(
                    rank,
                    timing.label, timing.exec_time, round(timing.exec_time/fastest, 2),
                    round((timing.exec_time/fastest - 1) * 100, 2),
                    (FILE_SIZE/timing.exec_time) / KiB(1),  # per sec.
                    width=longest))
    print()
    mins, secs = divmod(time.time()-start_time, 60)
    print('Benchmark runtime (min:sec) - {:02d}:{:02d}'.format(int(mins),
                                                               int(round(secs))))

main()

Very nice solution by praneybehl, but if someone wants to save the data as a csv file and using a blob method then they can refer this:

function JSONToCSVConvertor(JSONData, ReportTitle, ShowLabel) {

    //If JSONData is not an object then JSON.parse will parse the JSON string in an Object
    var arrData = typeof JSONData != 'object' ? JSON.parse(JSONData) : JSONData;
    var CSV = '';
    //This condition will generate the Label/Header
    if (ShowLabel) {
        var row = "";

        //This loop will extract the label from 1st index of on array
        for (var index in arrData[0]) {
            //Now convert each value to string and comma-seprated
            row += index + ',';
        }
        row = row.slice(0, -1);
        //append Label row with line break
        CSV += row + '\r\n';
    }

    //1st loop is to extract each row
    for (var i = 0; i < arrData.length; i++) {
        var row = "";
        //2nd loop will extract each column and convert it in string comma-seprated
        for (var index in arrData[i]) {
            row += '"' + arrData[i][index] + '",';
        }
        row.slice(0, row.length - 1);
        //add a line break after each row
        CSV += row + '\r\n';
    }

    if (CSV == '') {
        alert("Invalid data");
        return;
    }

    //this trick will generate a temp "a" tag
    var link = document.createElement("a");
    link.id = "lnkDwnldLnk";

    //this part will append the anchor tag and remove it after automatic click
    document.body.appendChild(link);

    var csv = CSV;
    blob = new Blob([csv], { type: 'text/csv' });
    var csvUrl = window.webkitURL.createObjectURL(blob);
    var filename =  (ReportTitle || 'UserExport') + '.csv';
    $("#lnkDwnldLnk")
        .attr({
            'download': filename,
            'href': csvUrl
        });

    $('#lnkDwnldLnk')[0].click();
    document.body.removeChild(link);
}

A link with <div> tags:

<div style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="window.location='http://www.google.com';">
     Something in the div 
</div>

A link with <a> tags:

<a href="http://www.google.com">
    <div>
        Something in the div 
    </div>
</a>

Just match /^index\.php/ then reject whatever matches it.

For anyone looking for a 2020 pure JS solution to detect autofill, here ya go.

Please forgive tab errors, can't get this to sit nicely on SO

    //Chose the element you want to select - in this case input
    var autofill = document.getElementsByTagName('input');
    for (var i = 0; i < autofill.length; i++) {
      //Wrap this in a try/catch because non webkit browsers will log errors on this pseudo element
      try{
        if (autofill[i].matches(':-webkit-autofill')) {
            //Do whatever you like with each autofilled element
        }
      }
      catch(error){
        return(false);
      }
     }

1- Select LinearLayout findViewById

LinearLayout llayout =(LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.llayoutId); 

2- Set color from R.color.colorId

llayout.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.colorId));

I find the following function sufficient:

'
' Round Up to the given number of digits
'
Function RoundUp(x As Double, digits As Integer) As Double

    If x = Round(x, digits) Then
        RoundUp = x
    Else
        RoundUp = Round(x + 0.5 / (10 ^ digits), digits)
    End If

End Function

In addition to @stenix, this worked perfectly to me

 url =  window.location.href;
    paramName = 'myparam';
        paramValue = $(this).val();
        var pattern = new RegExp('('+paramName+'=).*?(&|$)') 
        var newUrl = url.replace(pattern,'$1' + paramValue + '$2');
        var n=url.indexOf(paramName);
        alert(n)
        if(n == -1){
            newUrl = newUrl + (newUrl.indexOf('?')>0 ? '&' : '?') + paramName + '=' + paramValue 
        }
        window.location.href = newUrl;

Here no need to save the "url" variable, just replace in current url

Just use the statement:

break;

Just to clarify the Training/Validation/Test data sets: The training set is used to perform the initial training of the model, initializing the weights of the neural network.

The validation set is used after the neural network has been trained. It is used for tuning the network's hyperparameters, and comparing how changes to them affect the predictive accuracy of the model. Whereas the training set can be thought of as being used to build the neural network's gate weights, the validation set allows fine tuning of the parameters or architecture of the neural network model. It's useful as it allows repeatable comparison of these different parameters/architectures against the same data and networks weights, to observe how parameter/architecture changes affect the predictive power of the network.

Then the test set is used only to test the predictive accuracy of the trained neural network on previously unseen data, after training and parameter/architecture selection with the training and validation data sets.

Props to @Nick-Harrison for his answer:

$("input[data-val-length-max]").each(function (index, element) {
var length = parseInt($(this).attr("data-val-length-max"));
$(this).prop("maxlength", length);
});

I was wondering what the parseInt() is for there? I've simplified it to this with no problems...

$("input[data-val-length-max]").each(function (index, element) {
    element.setAttribute("maxlength", element.getAttribute("data-val-length-max"))
});

I would have commented on Nicks answer but don't have enough rep yet.

My solution:

1. remove all projects in current workspace
2. import all again
3. maven update project (Alt + F5) -> Select All and check Force Update of Snapshots/Releases
4. maven build (Ctrl + B) until there is nothing to build

It worked for me after the second try.

If you've just added the select option to a form and you wish to trigger the change event, I've found a setTimeout is required otherwise jQuery doesn't pick up the newly added select box:

window.setTimeout(function() { jQuery('.languagedisplay').change();}, 1);

When using Object.keys, the following works:

Object.keys(this)
    .forEach(key => {
      console.log(this[key as keyof MyClass]);
    });

http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.call-user-func-array.php

call_user_func_array('func',$myArgs);

Perhaps a more pythonic way of doing so.

from numpy import *
import math
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

t = linspace(0,2*math.pi,400)
a = sin(t)
b = cos(t)
c = a + b

plt.plot(t, a, t, b, t, c)
plt.show()

Here is another example that uses string values instead of a map.

public enum Operator {
    EQUAL(new String[]{"=","==","==="}),
    NOT_EQUAL(new String[]{"!=","<>"}),
    LESS_THAN(new String[]{"<"}),
    LESS_THAN_EQUAL(new String[]{"<="}),
    GREATER_THAN(new String[]{">"}),
    GREATER_THAN_EQUAL(new String[]{">="}),
    EXISTS(new String[]{"not null", "exists"}),
    NOT_EXISTS(new String[]{"is null", "not exists"}),
    MATCH(new String[]{"match"});

    private String[] value;

    Operator(String[] value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    @JsonValue
    public String toStringOperator(){
        return value[0];
    }

    @JsonCreator
    public static Operator fromStringOperator(String stringOperator) {
        if(stringOperator != null) {
            for(Operator operator : Operator.values()) {
                for(String operatorString : operator.value) {
                    if (stringOperator.equalsIgnoreCase(operatorString)) {
                        return operator;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

$conn=new PDO("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$dbname",$user,$pass);
    // If this is your connection then you have to assign null
    // to your connection variable as follows:
$conn=null;
    // By this way you can close connection in PDO.

Visual Studio 2008 does have a designer that allows you to add FK's. Just right-click the table... Table Properties, then go to the "Add Relations" section.

a better aproach:

class Animal
{
    private $_name = null;

    public function __construct($name = null)
    {
        $this->_name = $name;
    }

    /**
     * casts object
     * @param Animal $to
     * @return Animal
     */
    public function cast($to)
    {
        if ($to instanceof Animal) {
            $to->_name = $this->_name;
        } else {
            throw(new Exception('cant cast ' . get_class($this) . ' to ' . get_class($to)));
        return $to;
    }

    public function getName()
    {
        return $this->_name;
    }
}

class Cat extends Animal
{
    private $_preferedKindOfFish = null;

    public function __construct($name = null, $preferedKindOfFish = null)
    {
        parent::__construct($name);
        $this->_preferedKindOfFish = $preferedKindOfFish;
    }

    /**
     * casts object
     * @param Animal $to
     * @return Animal
     */
    public function cast($to)
    {
        parent::cast($to);
        if ($to instanceof Cat) {
            $to->_preferedKindOfFish = $this->_preferedKindOfFish;
        }
        return $to;
    }

    public function getPreferedKindOfFish()
    {
        return $this->_preferedKindOfFish;
    }
}

class Dog extends Animal
{
    private $_preferedKindOfCat = null;

    public function __construct($name = null, $preferedKindOfCat = null)
    {
        parent::__construct($name);
        $this->_preferedKindOfCat = $preferedKindOfCat;
    }

    /**
     * casts object
     * @param Animal $to
     * @return Animal
     */
    public function cast($to)
    {
        parent::cast($to);
        if ($to instanceof Dog) {
            $to->_preferedKindOfCat = $this->_preferedKindOfCat;
        }
        return $to;
    }

    public function getPreferedKindOfCat()
    {
        return $this->_preferedKindOfCat;
    }
}

$dogs = array(
    new Dog('snoopy', 'vegetarian'),
    new Dog('coyote', 'any'),
);

foreach ($dogs as $dog) {
    $cat = $dog->cast(new Cat());
    echo get_class($cat) . ' - ' . $cat->getName() . "\n";
}

This code works. I have a date input field that has been set to read only which forces the user to select from the calendar.

for a start date:

var updateInput = "var input = document.getElementById('startDateInput');" +
    "input.value = '18-Jan-2016';" +
    "angular.element(input).scope().$apply(function(s) { s.$parent..searchForm[input.name].$setViewValue(input.value);})";
browser.executeScript(updateInput);

for an end date:

var updateInput = "var input = document.getElementById('endDateInput');" +
    "input.value = '22-Jan-2016';" +
    "angular.element(input).scope().$apply(function(s) { s.$parent.searchForm[input.name].$setViewValue(input.value);})";
    browser.executeScript(updateInput);

If it's errors you want to hide you can do it like this

$ErrorActionPreference = "SilentlyContinue"; #This will hide errors
$someObject.SomeFunction();
$ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"; #Turning errors back on

Use format string

intNum = 123
print "0x%x"%(intNum)

or hex function.

intNum = 123
print hex(intNum)

I believe this problem is coming from the .svn file. It's either incorrect in the old parent, the new parent or the old one. I would try reverting back to your starting point. Use an export to get a clean copy of the folder. Move the clean copy to the new location, and use an add and delete to do the move. That's manually doing what SVN does, but it might work.

This could be done using reshape. It is possible with dplyr though.

  colnames(df) <- gsub("\\.(.{2})$", "_\\1", colnames(df))
  colnames(df)[2] <- "Date"
  res <- reshape(df, idvar=c("id", "Date"), varying=3:8, direction="long", sep="_")
  row.names(res) <- 1:nrow(res)
  
   head(res)
  #  id       Date time       Q3.2       Q3.3
  #1  1 2009-01-01    1  1.3709584  0.4554501
  #2  2 2009-01-02    1 -0.5646982  0.7048373
  #3  3 2009-01-03    1  0.3631284  1.0351035
  #4  4 2009-01-04    1  0.6328626 -0.6089264
  #5  5 2009-01-05    1  0.4042683  0.5049551
  #6  6 2009-01-06    1 -0.1061245 -1.7170087

Or using dplyr

  library(tidyr)
  library(dplyr)
  colnames(df) <- gsub("\\.(.{2})$", "_\\1", colnames(df))

  df %>%
     gather(loop_number, "Q3", starts_with("Q3")) %>% 
     separate(loop_number,c("L1", "L2"), sep="_") %>% 
     spread(L1, Q3) %>%
     select(-L2) %>%
     head()
  #  id       time       Q3.2       Q3.3
  #1  1 2009-01-01  1.3709584  0.4554501
  #2  1 2009-01-01  1.3048697  0.2059986
  #3  1 2009-01-01 -0.3066386  0.3219253
  #4  2 2009-01-02 -0.5646982  0.7048373
  #5  2 2009-01-02  2.2866454 -0.3610573
  #6  2 2009-01-02 -1.7813084 -0.7838389

Update

With new version of tidyr, we can use pivot_longer to reshape multiple columns. (Using the changed column names from gsub above)

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
df %>% 
    pivot_longer(cols = starts_with("Q3"), 
          names_to = c(".value", "Q3"), names_sep = "_") %>% 
    select(-Q3)
# A tibble: 30 x 4
#      id time         Q3.2    Q3.3
#   <int> <date>      <dbl>   <dbl>
# 1     1 2009-01-01  0.974  1.47  
# 2     1 2009-01-01 -0.849 -0.513 
# 3     1 2009-01-01  0.894  0.0442
# 4     2 2009-01-02  2.04  -0.553 
# 5     2 2009-01-02  0.694  0.0972
# 6     2 2009-01-02 -1.11   1.85  
# 7     3 2009-01-03  0.413  0.733 
# 8     3 2009-01-03 -0.896 -0.271 
#9     3 2009-01-03  0.509 -0.0512
#10     4 2009-01-04  1.81   0.668 
# … with 20 more rows

NOTE: Values are different because there was no set seed in creating the input dataset

Good practice nowadays is to use CollectionUtils from either Apache Commons or Spring Framework.

CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list))

I would say to set up the font size change in your CSS stylesheet file.

I'm pretty sure that you want all text at the same size for all your form fields. Adding inline styles in your HTML will add to many lines at the end... plus you would need to add it to the other types of form fields such as <select>.

HTML:

<div id="cForm">
    <form method="post">
        <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Name" data-required="true">
        <option value="" selected="selected" >Choose Category...</option>
    </form>
</div>

CSS:

input, select {
    font-size: 18px;
}

Half a second is 500,000,000 nanoseconds, so your code should read:

tim.tv_sec  = 0;
tim.tv_nsec = 500000000L;

As things stand, you code is sleeping for 1.0000005s (1s + 500ns).

You should add Hamcrest-library to your Build Path. It contains the needed Matchers.class which has the lessThan() method.

Dependency as below.

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
  <artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
  <version>1.3</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

Use >> to append:

command >> file

Get value from an EditText control in android. EditText getText property use to get value an EditText:

EditText txtname = findViewById(R.id.name);
String name      =  txtname.getText().toString();

Both accepted answer and Logical Processing Order explain why you could not do what you proposed.

Possible solution:

• use derived table (cte/subquery)
• use expression in WHERE
• create view/computed column

From SQL Server 2008 you could use APPLY operator combined with Table valued Constructor:

SELECT *, s.distance
FROM poi_table 
CROSS APPLY (VALUES(6371*1000*acos(cos(radians(42.3936868308))*cos(radians(lat))*cos(radians(lon)-radians(-72.5277256966))+sin(radians(42.3936868308))*sin(radians(lat))))) AS s(distance)
WHERE distance < 500;

LiveDemo

Clone the repository as normal:

git clone git://github.com/rspec/rspec-tmbundle.git RSpec.tmbundle

Then checkout the tag you want like so:

git checkout tags/1.1.4

This will checkout out the tag in a 'detached HEAD' state. In this state, "you can look around, make experimental changes and commit them, and [discard those commits] without impacting any branches by performing another checkout".

To retain any changes made, move them to a new branch:

git checkout -b 1.1.4-jspooner

You can get back to the master branch by using:

git checkout master

Note, as was mentioned in the first revision of this answer, there is another way to checkout a tag:

git checkout 1.1.4

But as was mentioned in a comment, if you have a branch by that same name, this will result in git warning you that the refname is ambiguous and checking out the branch by default:

warning: refname 'test' is ambiguous.
Switched to branch '1.1.4'

The shorthand can be safely used if the repository does not share names between branches and tags.

The following fails the test for all exceptions, checked or unchecked:

@Test
public void testMyCode() {

    try {
        runMyTestCode();
    } catch (Throwable t) {
        throw new Error("fail!");
    }
}

If you thinking like RDBMS, you can't create primary key. Default primary key is _id. But you can create Unique Index. Example is bellow.

db.members.createIndex( { "user_id": 1 }, { unique: true } )

db.members.insert({'user_id':1,'name':'nanhe'})

db.members.insert({'name':'kumar'})

db.members.find();

Output is bellow.

{ "_id" : ObjectId("577f9cecd71d71fa1fb6f43a"), "user_id" : 1, "name" : "nanhe" }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("577f9d02d71d71fa1fb6f43b"), "name" : "kumar" }

When you try to insert same user_id mongodb throws a write error.

db.members.insert({'user_id':1,'name':'aarush'})

WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 0, "writeError" : { "code" : 11000, "errmsg" : "E11000 duplicate key error collection: student.members index: user_id_1 dup key: { : 1.0 }" } })

You could use an extension method for fun. Typically I don't recommend attaching extension methods to such a general purpose class like string, but like I said this is fun. I borrowed @Luke's answer since there is no point in re-inventing the wheel.

[Test]
public void Should_remove_first_occurrance_of_string() {

    var source = "ProjectName\\Iteration\\Release1\\Iteration1";

    Assert.That(
        source.RemoveFirst("\\Iteration"),
        Is.EqualTo("ProjectName\\Release1\\Iteration1"));
}

public static class StringExtensions {
    public static string RemoveFirst(this string source, string remove) {
        int index = source.IndexOf(remove);
        return (index < 0)
            ? source
            : source.Remove(index, remove.Length);
    }
}

How does spring know which polymorphic type to use.

As long as there is only a single implementation of the interface and that implementation is annotated with @Component with Spring's component scan enabled, Spring framework can find out the (interface, implementation) pair. If component scan is not enabled, then you have to define the bean explicitly in your application-config.xml (or equivalent spring configuration file).

Do I need @Qualifier or @Resource?

Once you have more than one implementation, then you need to qualify each of them and during auto-wiring, you would need to use the @Qualifier annotation to inject the right implementation, along with @Autowired annotation. If you are using @Resource (J2EE semantics), then you should specify the bean name using the name attribute of this annotation.

Why do we autowire the interface and not the implemented class?

Firstly, it is always a good practice to code to interfaces in general. Secondly, in case of spring, you can inject any implementation at runtime. A typical use case is to inject mock implementation during testing stage.

interface IA
{
  public void someFunction();
}


class B implements IA
{
  public void someFunction()
  {
    //busy code block
  }
  public void someBfunc()
  {
     //doing b things
  }
}


class C implements IA
{
  public void someFunction()
  {
    //busy code block
  }
  public void someCfunc()
  {
     //doing C things
  }
}

class MyRunner
{
     @Autowire
     @Qualifier("b") 
     IA worker;

     ....
     worker.someFunction();
}

Your bean configuration should look like this:

<bean id="b" class="B" />
<bean id="c" class="C" />
<bean id="runner" class="MyRunner" />

Alternatively, if you enabled component scan on the package where these are present, then you should qualify each class with @Component as follows:

interface IA
{
  public void someFunction();
}

@Component(value="b")
class B implements IA
{
  public void someFunction()
  {
    //busy code block
  }
  public void someBfunc()
  {
     //doing b things
  }
}


@Component(value="c")
class C implements IA
{
  public void someFunction()
  {
    //busy code block
  }
  public void someCfunc()
  {
     //doing C things
  }
}

@Component    
class MyRunner
{
     @Autowire
     @Qualifier("b") 
     IA worker;

     ....
     worker.someFunction();
}

Then worker in MyRunner will be injected with an instance of type B.

POSIX defines a function: wait(NULL);. It's the shorthand for waitpid(-1, NULL, 0);, which will suspends the execution of the calling process until any one child process exits. Here, 1st argument of waitpid indicates wait for any child process to end.

In your case, have the parent call it from within your else branch.

In my case this was caused by the flexie script which was part of the "CDNJS Selections" app offered by Cloudflare.

According to Cloudflare "This app is being deprecated in March 2015". I turned it off and the message disappeared instantly.

You can access the apps by visiting https://www.cloudflare.com/a/cloudflare-apps/yourdomain.com

TLS client certificates are not sent in HTTP headers. They are transmitted by the client as part of the TLS handshake, and the server will typically check the validity of the certificate during the handshake as well.

If the certificate is accepted, most web servers can be configured to add headers for transmitting the certificate or information contained on the certificate to the application. Environment variables are populated with certificate information in Apache and Nginx which can be used in other directives for setting headers.

As an example of this approach, the following Nginx config snippet will validate a client certificate, and then set the SSL_CLIENT_CERT header to pass the entire certificate to the application. This will only be set when then certificate was successfully validated, so the application can then parse the certificate and rely on the information it bears.

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name example.com;
    ssl_certificate /path/to/chainedcert.pem;  # server certificate
    ssl_certificate_key /path/to/key;          # server key

    ssl_client_certificate /path/to/ca.pem;    # client CA
    ssl_verify_client on;
    proxy_set_header SSL_CLIENT_CERT $ssl_client_cert;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://localhost:3000;
    }
}

NoClassDefFoundError in Java:

Definition:

NoClassDefFoundError will come if a class was present during compile time but not available in java classpath during runtime. Normally you will see below line in log when you get NoClassDefFoundError: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError

Possible Causes:

1. The class is not available in Java Classpath.

2. You might be running your program using jar command and class was not defined in manifest file's ClassPath attribute.

3. Any start-up script is overriding Classpath environment variable.

4. Because NoClassDefFoundError is a subclass of java.lang.LinkageError it can also come if one of it dependency like native library may not available.

5. Check for java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError in your log file. NoClassDefFoundError due to the failure of static initialization is quite common.

6. If you are working in J2EE environment than the visibility of Class among multiple Classloader can also cause java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError, see examples and scenario section for detailed discussion.

Possible Resolutions:

1. Verify that all required Java classes are included in the application’s classpath. The most common mistake is not to include all the necessary classes, before starting to execute a Java application that has dependencies on some external libraries.

2. The classpath of the application is correct, but the Classpath environment variable is overridden before the application’s execution.

3. Verify that the aforementioned ExceptionInInitializerError does not appear in the stack trace of your application.

Resources:

3 ways to solve java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError in Java J2EE

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError – How to solve No Class Def Found Error

We can also use RxJava (very powerful reactive extension library)

Observable.from(persons).distinct(Person::getName)

or

Observable.from(persons).distinct(p -> p.getName())

Below code works for me:

<script src="http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js"></script>
<script>
    var myCenter = new google.maps.LatLng(51.528308, -0.3817765);

    function initialize() {
           var mapProp = {
            center:myCenter,
            zoom:15,
            mapTypeId:google.maps.MapTypeId.ROADMAP
        };
        var map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("googleMap"), mapProp); 

        var marker = new google.maps.Marker({
            position: myCenter,
            icon: {
                url: '/images/marker.png',
                size: new google.maps.Size(70, 86), //marker image size
                origin: new google.maps.Point(0, 0), // marker origin
                anchor: new google.maps.Point(35, 86) // X-axis value (35, half of marker width) and 86 is Y-axis value (height of the marker).
            }
        });

        marker.setMap(map);

        }
        google.maps.event.addDomListener(window, 'load', initialize);

</script>
<body>
<div id="googleMap" style="width:500px;height:380px;"></div>
</body>

Reference link

create user ro_role identified by ro_role;
grant create session, select any table, select any dictionary to ro_role;

UNIX_TIMESTAMP(ts1) - UNIX_TIMESTAMP(ts2)

If you want an unsigned difference, add an ABS() around the expression.

Alternatively, you can use TIMEDIFF(ts1, ts2) and then convert the time result to seconds with TIME_TO_SEC().

Running 'py' command will tell you what version you have running. If you currently running 3.x and you need to switch to 2.x, you will need to use switch '-2'

py -2

If you need to switch from python 2.x to python 3.x you will have to use '-3' switch

py -3

If you would like to have Python 3.x as a default version, then you will need to create environment variable 'PY_PYTHON' and set it's value to 3.

If you install Cygwin. Make sure to select make in the installer. You can then run the following command provided you have a Makefile.

make -f Makefile

https://cygwin.com/install.html

This line:

myForm.file.$setValidity("myForm.file.$error.size", false);

Should be

$scope.myForm.file.$setValidity("size", false);

Ahh this is a common issue, The solution is simple:

Who ever created the developer credentials originally needs to go to the keychain on their computer and right click on the key(s) for private and public and export the key to a file. Then you just download that file on your computer and open it, and it will be added to your keychain.

You need to have both the private key (.pem file) and the certificate for your provisioning profiles.

?So if you use pipeline, it would close all other streams and make sure that there are no memory leaks.

Working example:

const http = require('http');
const { pipeline } = require('stream');
const fs = require('fs');

const file = fs.createWriteStream('./file.jpg');

http.get('http://via.placeholder.com/150/92c952', response => {
  pipeline(
    response,
    file,
    err => {
      if (err)
        console.error('Pipeline failed.', err);
      else
        console.log('Pipeline succeeded.');
    }
  );
});

From my answer to "What's the difference between .pipe and .pipeline on streams".

This is one sample dao test using junit in spring project.

import java.util.List;

import junit.framework.Assert;

import org.jboss.tools.example.springmvc.domain.Member;
import org.jboss.tools.example.springmvc.repo.MemberDao;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:test-context.xml",
"classpath:/META-INF/spring/applicationContext.xml"})
@Transactional
@TransactionConfiguration(defaultRollback=true)
public class MemberDaoTest
{
    @Autowired
    private MemberDao memberDao;

    @Test
    public void testFindById()
    {
        Member member = memberDao.findById(0l);

        Assert.assertEquals("John Smith", member.getName());
        Assert.assertEquals("[email protected]", member.getEmail());
        Assert.assertEquals("2125551212", member.getPhoneNumber());
        return;
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindByEmail()
    {
        Member member = memberDao.findByEmail("[email protected]");

        Assert.assertEquals("John Smith", member.getName());
        Assert.assertEquals("[email protected]", member.getEmail());
        Assert.assertEquals("2125551212", member.getPhoneNumber());
        return;
    }

    @Test
    public void testRegister()
    {
        Member member = new Member();
        member.setEmail("[email protected]");
        member.setName("Jane Doe");
        member.setPhoneNumber("2125552121");

        memberDao.register(member);
        Long id = member.getId();
        Assert.assertNotNull(id);

        Assert.assertEquals(2, memberDao.findAllOrderedByName().size());
        Member newMember = memberDao.findById(id);

        Assert.assertEquals("Jane Doe", newMember.getName());
        Assert.assertEquals("[email protected]", newMember.getEmail());
        Assert.assertEquals("2125552121", newMember.getPhoneNumber());
        return;
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindAllOrderedByName()
    {
        Member member = new Member();
        member.setEmail("[email protected]");
        member.setName("Jane Doe");
        member.setPhoneNumber("2125552121");
        memberDao.register(member);

        List<Member> members = memberDao.findAllOrderedByName();
        Assert.assertEquals(2, members.size());
        Member newMember = members.get(0);

        Assert.assertEquals("Jane Doe", newMember.getName());
        Assert.assertEquals("[email protected]", newMember.getEmail());
        Assert.assertEquals("2125552121", newMember.getPhoneNumber());
        return;
    }
}

If you are loading different components with the same route then you can use ViewportScroller to achieve the same thing.

import { ViewportScroller } from '@angular/common';

constructor(private viewportScroller: ViewportScroller) {}

this.viewportScroller.scrollToPosition([0, 0]);

You are probably looking for val()

You can use:

    android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
    android:layout_centerVertical="true"

Can try with below code

 WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);

Pass other element would receive the click:<a class="navbar-brand" href="#"></a>

    boolean invisiable = wait.until(ExpectedConditions
            .invisibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//div[@class='navbar-brand']")));

Pass clickable button id as shown below

    if (invisiable) {
        WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='button']");
        ele.click();
    }

Warning: As of Feb 11th 2020, request is fully deprecated.

If you implement with form-data, for more info (https://tanaikech.github.io/2017/07/27/multipart-post-request-using-node.js):

var fs = require('fs');
var request = require('request');
request.post({
  url: 'https://slack.com/api/files.upload',
  formData: {
    file: fs.createReadStream('sample.zip'),
    token: '### access token ###',
    filetype: 'zip',
    filename: 'samplefilename',
    channels: 'sample',
    title: 'sampletitle',
  },
}, function (error, response, body) {
  console.log(body);
});

These are the very basic pivot example kindly go through that.

SQL SERVER – PIVOT and UNPIVOT Table Examples

Example from above link for the product table:

SELECT PRODUCT, FRED, KATE
FROM (
SELECT CUST, PRODUCT, QTY
FROM Product) up
 PIVOT (SUM(QTY) FOR CUST IN (FRED, KATE)) AS pvt
ORDER BY PRODUCT

renders:

 PRODUCT FRED  KATE
 --------------------
 BEER     24    12
 MILK      3     1
 SODA   NULL     6
 VEG    NULL     5

Similar examples can be found in the blog post Pivot tables in SQL Server. A simple sample

git reset --hard <tag/branch/commit id>

Notes:

• git reset without the --hard option resets the commit history, but not the files. With the --hard option the files in working tree are also reset. (credited user)

• If you wish to commit that state so that the remote repository also points to the rolled back commit do: git push <reponame> -f (credited user)

Chrome doesn't render the fonts like Firefox or any other browser does. This is generally a problem in Chrome running on Windows only. If you want to make the fonts smooth, use the -webkit-font-smoothing property on yer h4 tags like this.

h4 {
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

You can also use subpixel-antialiased, this will give you different type of smoothing (making the text a little blurry/shadowed). However, you will need a nightly version to see the effects. You can learn more about font smoothing here.

The following code worked for me:-

.nav-pills .nav-link.active, .nav-pills .show>.nav-link {
    color: #fff;
    background-color: rgba(0,123,255,.5);
}

Note:- This worked for me using Bootstrap 4

According to Vlad Mihalcea (see https://vladmihalcea.com/hibernate-facts-the-importance-of-fetch-strategy/):

JPQL queries may override the default fetching strategy. If we don’t explicitly declare what we want to fetch using inner or left join fetch directives, the default select fetch policy is applied.

It seems that JPQL query might override your declared fetching strategy so you'll have to use join fetch in order to eagerly load some referenced entity or simply load by id with EntityManager (which will obey your fetching strategy but might not be a solution for your use case).

Here's a (very inefficient) way to get all (i.e. even overlapping) matches:

>>> string = "test test test test"
>>> [i for i in range(len(string)) if string.startswith('test', i)]
[0, 5, 10, 15]

create a class create a object globally and call this

using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;


   public class LogWriter
{
    private string m_exePath = string.Empty;
    public LogWriter(string logMessage)
    {
        LogWrite(logMessage);
    }
    public void LogWrite(string logMessage)
    {
        m_exePath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);
        try
        {
            using (StreamWriter w = File.AppendText(m_exePath + "\\" + "log.txt"))
            {
                Log(logMessage, w);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
        }
    }

    public void Log(string logMessage, TextWriter txtWriter)
    {
        try
        {
            txtWriter.Write("\r\nLog Entry : ");
            txtWriter.WriteLine("{0} {1}", DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString(),
                DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString());
            txtWriter.WriteLine("  :");
            txtWriter.WriteLine("  :{0}", logMessage);
            txtWriter.WriteLine("-------------------------------");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
        }
    }
}

Okay this is an example for the new embed code for youtube videos.

<iframe title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="560" height="345" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/8v_4O44sfjM" frameborder="0" allowFullScreen></iframe>

if you want to autoplay it, at the src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/8v_4O44sfjM" add the ?autoplay=1 parameter

So the code will look like this:

<iframe title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="560" height="345" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/8v_4O44sfjM?autoplay=1" frameborder="0" allowFullScreen></iframe>

i tried this on my blog and it works ! Hope this help (:

If you have cPanel hosting you can use Easy Apache to do this through shell. These are the steps.

1. Type the Easy Apache PathType the path for Easy Apache
   

   root@vps#### [~]# /scripts/easyapache

2. Do not say yes to the "cPanel update available".
3. Continue through the screens with defaults till you get to the "Exhaustive options list".
4. Page down till you see the Mbstring extension listed and select it.
5. Continue through the Steps and Save the Apache PHP build.

Apache and PHP will now rebuild to include the mbstring extension. Wait for the process to finish ~10 to 30 minutes. Once the process is finished you should see the Mbstring extension in the phpinfo now.

For more detailed steps see the article Installing the mbstring extension with Easy Apache

Git will even determine that it is binary if you have one super-long line in your text file. I broke up a long String, turning it into several source code lines, and suddenly the file went from being 'binary' to a text file that I could see (in SmartGit).

So don't keep typing too far to the right without hitting 'Enter' in your editor - otherwise later on Git will think you have created a binary file.

Starting from C# 2.0, you can use the nullable generic type Nullable, and in C# there is a shorthand notation the type followed by ?

e.g.

private void Example(int? arg1, int? arg2)
{
    if(arg1 == null)
    {
        //do something
    }
    if(arg2 == null)
    {
        //do something else
    }
}

if you use Picasso change to Glide like this.

Remove picasso

Picasso.get().load(Uri.parse("url")).into(imageView)

Change Glide

Glide.with(context).load("url").into(imageView)

More efficient Glide than Picasso draw to large bitmap

There are certain things which you need to keep in mind while overriding compareTo in Java e.g. Compareto must be consistent with equals and subtraction should not be used for comparing integer fields as they can overflow. check Things to remember while overriding Comparator in Java for details.

I think it would be better if you use the method query from SQLiteDatabase class instead of the whole SQL string, which would be:

 Cursor cursor = sqLiteDatabase.query(TABLE, allColluns, null, null, null, null, ID +" DESC", "1");

The last two parameters are ORDER BY and LIMIT.

You can see more at: http://developer.android.com/reference/android/database/sqlite/SQLiteDatabase.html

Some methods are given below to get machine name or computer name

Method 1:-

string MachineName1 = Environment.MachineName;

Method 2:-

string MachineName2 = System.Net.Dns.GetHostName();

Method 3:-

string MachineName3 = Request.ServerVariables["REMOTE_HOST"].ToString();

Method 4:-

string MachineName4 = System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("COMPUTERNAME");

For more see my blog

Yes they do.

You shouldn't really be overriding the constructor anyway. You should have a newInstance() static method defined and pass any parameters via arguments (bundle)

For example:

public static final MyFragment newInstance(int title, String message) {
    MyFragment f = new MyFragment();
    Bundle bdl = new Bundle(2);
    bdl.putInt(EXTRA_TITLE, title);
    bdl.putString(EXTRA_MESSAGE, message);
    f.setArguments(bdl);
    return f;
}

And of course grabbing the args this way:

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    title = getArguments().getInt(EXTRA_TITLE);
    message = getArguments().getString(EXTRA_MESSAGE);

    //...
    //etc
    //...
}

Then you would instantiate from your fragment manager like so:

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    if (savedInstanceState == null){
        getSupportFragmentManager()
            .beginTransaction()
            .replace(R.id.content, MyFragment.newInstance(
                R.string.alert_title,
                "Oh no, an error occurred!")
            )
            .commit();
    }
}

This way if detached and re-attached the object state can be stored through the arguments. Much like bundles attached to Intents.

Reason - Extra reading

I thought I would explain why for people wondering why.

If you check: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/master/core/java/android/app/Fragment.java

You will see the instantiate(..) method in the Fragment class calls the newInstance method:

public static Fragment instantiate(Context context, String fname, @Nullable Bundle args) {
    try {
        Class<?> clazz = sClassMap.get(fname);
        if (clazz == null) {
            // Class not found in the cache, see if it's real, and try to add it
            clazz = context.getClassLoader().loadClass(fname);
            if (!Fragment.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)) {
                throw new InstantiationException("Trying to instantiate a class " + fname
                        + " that is not a Fragment", new ClassCastException());
            }
            sClassMap.put(fname, clazz);
        }
        Fragment f = (Fragment) clazz.getConstructor().newInstance();
        if (args != null) {
            args.setClassLoader(f.getClass().getClassLoader());
            f.setArguments(args);
        }
        return f;
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        throw new InstantiationException("Unable to instantiate fragment " + fname
                + ": make sure class name exists, is public, and has an"
                + " empty constructor that is public", e);
    } catch (java.lang.InstantiationException e) {
        throw new InstantiationException("Unable to instantiate fragment " + fname
                + ": make sure class name exists, is public, and has an"
                + " empty constructor that is public", e);
    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
        throw new InstantiationException("Unable to instantiate fragment " + fname
                + ": make sure class name exists, is public, and has an"
                + " empty constructor that is public", e);
    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
        throw new InstantiationException("Unable to instantiate fragment " + fname
                + ": could not find Fragment constructor", e);
    } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
        throw new InstantiationException("Unable to instantiate fragment " + fname
                + ": calling Fragment constructor caused an exception", e);
    }
}

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html#newInstance() Explains why, upon instantiation it checks that the accessor is public and that that class loader allows access to it.

It's a pretty nasty method all in all, but it allows the FragmentManger to kill and recreate Fragments with states. (The Android subsystem does similar things with Activities).

Example Class

I get asked a lot about calling newInstance. Do not confuse this with the class method. This whole class example should show the usage.

/**
 * Created by chris on 21/11/2013
 */
public class StationInfoAccessibilityFragment extends BaseFragment implements JourneyProviderListener {

    public static final StationInfoAccessibilityFragment newInstance(String crsCode) {
        StationInfoAccessibilityFragment fragment = new StationInfoAccessibilityFragment();

        final Bundle args = new Bundle(1);
        args.putString(EXTRA_CRS_CODE, crsCode);
        fragment.setArguments(args);

        return fragment;
    }

    // Views
    LinearLayout mLinearLayout;

    /**
     * Layout Inflater
     */
    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
    /**
     * Station Crs Code
     */
    private String mCrsCode;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        mCrsCode = getArguments().getString(EXTRA_CRS_CODE);
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        mInflater = inflater;
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_station_accessibility, container, false);
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
        mLinearLayout = (LinearLayout)view.findViewBy(R.id.station_info_accessibility_linear);
        //Do stuff
    }

    @Override
    public void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        getActivity().getSupportActionBar().setTitle(R.string.station_info_access_mobility_title);
    }

    // Other methods etc...
}

Typical 2019 example

Say you have a FaceView which is some sort of image. You're going to have many of them on screen (or, in a collection view, table, stack view or other list).

In the class FaceView you will need a variable "index"

class FaceView: UIView {
   var index: Int

so that each FaceView can be self-aware of "which" face it is on screen.

So you must add var index: Int to the class in question.

So you are adding many FaceView to your screen ...

let f = FaceView()
f.index = 73
.. you add f to your stack view, screen, or whatever.

You now add a click to f

f.addGestureRecognizer(UITapGestureRecognizer(target: self,
                           action: #selector(tapOneOfTheFaces)))

Here's the secret:

@objc func tapOneOfTheFaces(_ sender: UITapGestureRecognizer) {
    if let tapped = sender.view as? CirclePerson {
        print("we got it: \(tapped.index)")

You now know "which" face was clicked in your table, screen, stack view or whatever.

It's that easy.

For large vectors:

y = as.POSIXlt(date1)$year + 1900    # x$year : years since 1900
m = as.POSIXlt(date1)$mon + 1        # x$mon : 0–11

There is no => for if.
Use if %energy% GEQ %m2enc%

See if /? for some other details.

Try This it worked like a charm for me,

Objective C

I have set RGB gradient background Color to UIview

   UIView *view = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0,0,320,35)];
   CAGradientLayer *gradient = [CAGradientLayer layer];
   gradient.frame = view.bounds;
   gradient.startPoint = CGPointZero;
   gradient.endPoint = CGPointMake(1, 1);
   gradient.colors = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:(id)[[UIColor colorWithRed:34.0/255.0 green:211/255.0 blue:198/255.0 alpha:1.0] CGColor],(id)[[UIColor colorWithRed:145/255.0 green:72.0/255.0 blue:203/255.0 alpha:1.0] CGColor], nil];
   [view.layer addSublayer:gradient];

UPDATED :- Swift3 +

Code :-

 var gradientView = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 320, height: 35))
 let gradientLayer:CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
 gradientLayer.frame.size = self.gradientView.frame.size
 gradientLayer.colors = 
 [UIColor.white.cgColor,UIColor.red.withAlphaComponent(1).cgColor] 
//Use diffrent colors
 gradientView.layer.addSublayer(gradientLayer)

You can add starting and end point of gradient color.

  gradientLayer.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 1.0)
  gradientLayer.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 1.0)

For more details description refer CAGradientLayer Doc

Hope this is help for some one .

From http://blog.sqlauthority.com/2008/06/07/sql-server-pivot-and-unpivot-table-examples/:

SELECT CUST, PRODUCT, QTY
FROM Product) up
PIVOT
( SUM(QTY) FOR PRODUCT IN (VEG, SODA, MILK, BEER, CHIPS)) AS pvt) p
UNPIVOT
(QTY FOR PRODUCT IN (VEG, SODA, MILK, BEER, CHIPS)
) AS Unpvt
GO

Datetime is a datatype.

Timestamp is a method for row versioning. In fact, in sql server 2008 this column type was renamed (i.e. timestamp is deprecated) to rowversion. It basically means that every time a row is changed, this value is increased. This is done with a database counter which automatically increase for every inserted or updated row.

For more information:

http://www.sqlteam.com/article/timestamps-vs-datetime-data-types

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182776.aspx

Remember load jquery before bootstrap js

As a follow on, you could select "all nodes with a particular attribute" like this:

//*[@id='4']

GitHub for Windows is now GitHub desktop.

If you have GitHub for Windows (before version 1.1), your path should be:

C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local\GitHub\PortableGit_<guid>\cmd

If you have GitHub Desktop (from version 1.1), your path should be:

C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local\GitHubDesktop\app-<version>\resources\app\git\cmd

After confirming and copying your path, do the following:

• Right click on My Computer or This PC
• Click on Properties
• Click on Advanced system settings
• Click on Environment Variables under the Advanced tab
• Add your path with ; before it in the variable Path
• Press Ok
• Use a new terminal

First open empty new Tab by using the keys Ctrl + t and then use .get() to fetch the URL you want. Your code should look something like this -

String selectLinkOpeninNewTab = Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL,"t");
driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).sendKeys(selectLinkOpeninNewTab);

driver.get("www.facebook.com");

If you want to open a link on the current view in a new tab then the code you've written above can be used. Instead of By.linkText() make sure you use the appropriate By selector class to select the web element.

If i understand you correctly then in c# the yield return compiler magic is all you need i think.

e.g.

IEnumerable<string> myMethod(IEnumerable<string> sequence)
{
    foreach(string item in sequence)
    {
         yield return item + "roxxors";
    }
}

The Concat method will return an object which implements IEnumerable<T> by returning an object (call it Cat) whose enumerator will attempt to use the two passed-in enumerable items (call them A and B) in sequence. If the passed-in enumerables represent sequences which will not change during the lifetime of Cat, and which can be read from without side-effects, then Cat may be used directly. Otherwise, it may be a good idea to call ToList() on Cat and use the resulting List<T> (which will represent a snapshot of the contents of A and B).

Some enumerables take a snapshot when enumeration begins, and will return data from that snapshot if the collection is modified during enumeration. If B is such an enumerable, then any change to B which occurs before Cat has reached the end of A will show up in Cat's enumeration, but changes which occur after that will not. Such semantics may likely be confusing; taking a snapshot of Cat can avoid such issues.