An algorithm is a self-contained step-by-step set of operations to be performed 4, typically interpreted as a finite sequence of (computer or human) instructions to determine a solution to a problem such as: is there a path from A to B, or what is the smallest path between A and B. In the latter case, you could also be satisfied with a 'reasonably close' alternative solution.
There are certain categories of algorithms, of which the heuristic algorithm is one. Depending on the (proven) properties of the algorithm in this case, it falls into one of these three categories (note 1):
Notice that an approximation algorithm is also a heuristic, but with the stronger property that there is a proven bound to the solution (value) it outputs.
For some problems, noone has ever found an 'efficient' algorithm to compute the optimal solutions (note 2). One of those problems is the well-known Traveling Salesman Problem. Christophides' algorithm for the Traveling Salesman Problem, for example, used to be called a heuristic, as it was not proven that it was within 50% of the optimal solution. Since it has been proven, however, Christophides' algorithm is more accurately referred to as an approximation algorithm.
Due to restrictions on what computers can do, it is not always possible to efficiently find the best solution possible. If there is enough structure in a problem, there may be an efficient way to traverse the solution space, even though the solution space is huge (i.e. in the shortest path problem).
Heuristics are typically applied to improve the running time of algorithms, by adding 'expert information' or 'educated guesses' to guide the search direction. In practice, a heuristic may also be a sub-routine for an optimal algorithm, to determine where to look first.
(note 1): Additionally, algorithms are characterised by whether they include random or non-deterministic elements. An algorithm that always executes the same way and produces the same answer, is called deterministic.
(note 2): This is called the P vs NP problem, and problems that are classified as NP-complete and NP-hard are unlikely to have an 'efficient' algorithm. Note; as @Kriss mentioned in the comments, there are even 'worse' types of problems, which may need exponential time or space to compute.
There are several answers that answer part of the question. I deemed them less complete and not accurate enough, and decided not to edit the accepted answer made by @Kriss
If you want to find webpack files and configurations go to your package.json file and look for scripts
You will find that scripts object is using a library react-scripts
Now go to node_modules and look for react-scripts folder react-script-in-node-modules
This react-scripts/scripts and react-scripts/config folder contains all the webpack configurations.
innerHTML is not standard and may not work in some browsers. I have used html() in all browsers with no problem.
Here's something I've come up with while trying to find most simple solution for this problem, perhaps it could be useful to someone. I'm new to javascript, so there might well be some issues with the code.
// pseudo-class definition scope
(function () {
// this is used to identify 'friend' functions defined within this scope,
// while not being able to forge valid parameter for GetContext()
// to gain 'private' access from outside
var _scope = new (function () { })();
// -----------------------------------------------------------------
// pseudo-class definition
this.Something = function (x) {
// 'private' members are wrapped into context object,
// it can be also created with a function
var _ctx = Object.seal({
// actual private members
Name: null,
Number: null,
Somefunc: function () {
console.log('Something(' + this.Name + ').Somefunc(): number = ' + this.Number);
}
});
// -----------------------------------------------------------------
// function below needs to be defined in every class
// to allow limited access from prototype
this.GetContext = function (scope) {
if (scope !== _scope) throw 'access';
return _ctx;
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------
{
// initialization code, if any
_ctx.Name = (x !== 'undefined') ? x : 'default';
_ctx.Number = 0;
Object.freeze(this);
}
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------
// prototype is defined only once
this.Something.prototype = Object.freeze({
// public accessors for 'private' field
get Number() { return this.GetContext(_scope).Number; },
set Number(v) { this.GetContext(_scope).Number = v; },
// public function making use of some private fields
Test: function () {
var _ctx = this.GetContext(_scope);
// access 'private' field
console.log('Something(' + _ctx.Name + ').Test(): ' + _ctx.Number);
// call 'private' func
_ctx.Somefunc();
}
});
// -----------------------------------------------------------------
// wrap is used to hide _scope value and group definitions
}).call(this);
function _A(cond) { if (cond !== true) throw new Error('assert failed'); }
// -----------------------------------------------------------------
function test_smth() {
console.clear();
var smth1 = new Something('first'),
smth2 = new Something('second');
//_A(false);
_A(smth1.Test === smth2.Test);
smth1.Number = 3;
smth2.Number = 5;
console.log('smth1.Number: ' + smth1.Number + ', smth2.Number: ' + smth2.Number);
smth1.Number = 2;
smth2.Number = 6;
smth1.Test();
smth2.Test();
try {
var ctx = smth1.GetContext();
} catch (err) {
console.log('error: ' + err);
}
}
test_smth();
Use a formatter, if you only want to format it so that it renders nicely when printed. Just use the df.to_string(... formatters
to define custom string-formatting, without needlessly modifying your DataFrame or wasting memory:
df = pd.DataFrame({
'A': ['a', 'b', 'c'],
'B': [np.nan, 1, np.nan],
'C': ['read', 'unread', 'read']})
print df.to_string(
formatters={'B': lambda x: '' if pd.isnull(x) else '{:.0f}'.format(x)})
To get:
A B C
0 a read
1 b 1 unread
2 c read
Use load
instead of ready
:
$(document).load(function () {
// code here
});
Update
You need to use .on()
since jQuery 1.8. (http://api.jquery.com/on/)
$(window).on('load', function() {
// code here
});
From this answer:
According to http://blog.jquery.com/2016/06/09/jquery-3-0-final-released/:
Removed deprecated event aliases
.load
,.unload
, and.error
, deprecated since jQuery 1.8, are no more. Use.on()
to register listeners.
In C++ copying the object means cloning. There is no any special cloning in the language.
As the standard suggests, after copying you should have 2 identical copies of the same object.
There are 2 types of copying: copy constructor when you create object on a non initialized space and copy operator where you need to release the old state of the object (that is expected to be valid) before setting the new state.
From the docs:
Another common operation is the use of boolean vectors to filter the data. The operators are: | for or, & for and, and ~ for not. These must be grouped by using parentheses.
http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/version/0.15.2/indexing.html#boolean-indexing
Try:
alldata_balance = alldata[(alldata[IBRD] !=0) | (alldata[IMF] !=0)]
//div[@id='..' and @class='...]
should do the trick. That's selecting the div
operators that have both attributes of the required value.
It's worth using one of the online XPath testbeds to try stuff out.
public abstract class Metadata
{
}
// extend abstract Metadata class
public class Metadata<DataType> : Metadata where DataType : struct
{
private DataType mDataType;
}
First you need to turn on virtualization on your machine. To do that, restart your machine. Press F2. Goto BIOS. Make Virtualization Enabled. Press F10. Start windows. Now, goto Extras folder of Android installation folder and find intel-haxm-android.exe. Run it. Start Android Studio. Now, it should allow you to run your program using emulator.
For debugging in Visual Studio you can print to the debug console:
OutputDebugStringW(L"My output string.");
Syntax to change column name in MySql:
alter table table_name change old_column_name new_column_name data_type(size);
Example:
alter table test change LowSal Low_Sal integer(4);
That's not possible. localhost
always defaults to the loopback device on the local operating system.
As your virtual machine runs its own operating system it has its own loopback device which you cannot access from the outside.
If you want to access it e.g. in a browser, connect to it using the local IP instead:
http://192.168.180.1:8000
This is just an example of course, you can find out the actual IP by issuing an ifconfig
command on a shell in the guest operating system.
Note: it is invalid to provide percentages directly as <img>
width
or height
attribute unless you're using HTML 4.01 (see current spec, obsolete spec and this answer for more details). That being said, browsers will often tolerate such behaviour to support backwards-compatibility.
Those percentage widths in your 2nd example are actually applying to the container your <img>
is in, and not the image's actual size. Say you have the following markup:
<div style="width: 1000px; height: 600px;">
<img src="#" width="50%" height="50%">
</div>
Your resulting image will be 500px wide and 300px tall.
jQuery Resize
If you're trying to reduce an image to 50% of its width, you can do it with a snippet of jQuery:
$( "img" ).each( function() {
var $img = $( this );
$img.width( $img.width() * .5 );
});
Just make sure you take off any height/width = 50% attributes first.
I also had this question and found two more things very useful:
So I use something like this on the command line (OSX 10.9):
ping www.goooooogle.com & PING_PID=$(pgrep 'ping'); SECONDS=0; while pgrep -q 'ping'; do sleep 0.2; if [ $SECONDS = 10 ]; then kill $PING_PID; fi; done
As this is a loop I included a "sleep 0.2" to keep the CPU cool. ;-)
(BTW: ping is a bad example anyway, you just would use the built-in "-t" (timeout) option.)
Chances are you need to install .NET 4 (Which will also create a new AppPool for you)
First make sure you have IIS installed then perform the following steps:
cmd
and press ENTERcd C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\
and press ENTER.aspnet_regiis.exe -ir
and press ENTER again.
-i
instead of -ir
. This will change their AppPools for you and steps 5-on shouldn't be necessary.(You can repeat steps 7-on for every site you want to apply .NET 4 on as well).
Additional References:
-ir
or -i
does (or the difference between them) or what other options are available. (I typically use -ir
to prevent any older sites currently running from breaking on a framework change but that's up to you.)For Android Studio below 4.1:
From the Top menu Click File and then click Export to Zip File
For Android Studio 4.1 and above:
From the Top menu click File > Manage IDE Settings > Export to Zip File ()
A JavaBean follows certain conventions. Getter/setter naming, having a public default constructor, being serialisable etc. See JavaBeans Conventions for more details.
A POJO (plain-old-Java-object) isn't rigorously defined. It's a Java object that doesn't have a requirement to implement a particular interface or derive from a particular base class, or make use of particular annotations in order to be compatible with a given framework, and can be any arbitrary (often relatively simple) Java object.
Dictionary objects allow you to iterate over their items. Also, with pattern matching and the division from __future__
you can do simplify things a bit.
Finally, you can separate your logic from your printing to make things a bit easier to refactor/debug later.
from __future__ import division
def Pythag(league):
def win_percentages():
for team, (runs_scored, runs_allowed) in league.iteritems():
win_percentage = round((runs_scored**2) / ((runs_scored**2)+(runs_allowed**2))*1000)
yield win_percentage
for win_percentage in win_percentages():
print win_percentage
If I understand correctly, you want to see not only classes but also methods, properties and so on. The only tool I know that can do it is Eclipse - if you add a jar to project classpath, you would be able to browse its classes with methods and properties using usual package explorer.
Anyway, this is a good idea for a good standalone Java tool
Yes - older POSIX standards defined usleep()
, so this is available on Linux:
int usleep(useconds_t usec);
DESCRIPTION
The usleep() function suspends execution of the calling thread for (at least) usec microseconds. The sleep may be lengthened slightly by any system activity or by the time spent processing the call or by the granularity of system timers.
usleep()
takes microseconds, so you will have to multiply the input by 1000 in order to sleep in milliseconds.
usleep()
has since been deprecated and subsequently removed from POSIX; for new code, nanosleep()
is preferred:
#include <time.h> int nanosleep(const struct timespec *req, struct timespec *rem);
DESCRIPTION
nanosleep()
suspends the execution of the calling thread until either at least the time specified in*req
has elapsed, or the delivery of a signal that triggers the invocation of a handler in the calling thread or that terminates the process.The structure timespec is used to specify intervals of time with nanosecond precision. It is defined as follows:
struct timespec { time_t tv_sec; /* seconds */ long tv_nsec; /* nanoseconds */ };
An example msleep()
function implemented using nanosleep()
, continuing the sleep if it is interrupted by a signal:
#include <time.h>
#include <errno.h>
/* msleep(): Sleep for the requested number of milliseconds. */
int msleep(long msec)
{
struct timespec ts;
int res;
if (msec < 0)
{
errno = EINVAL;
return -1;
}
ts.tv_sec = msec / 1000;
ts.tv_nsec = (msec % 1000) * 1000000;
do {
res = nanosleep(&ts, &ts);
} while (res && errno == EINTR);
return res;
}
Jeffrey Richter written:
Another way to think of this is that the C# compiler automatically assumes that you have the following
using
directives in all of your source code files:
using int = System.Int32;
using uint = System.UInt32;
using string = System.String;
...
I’ve seen a number of developers confused, not knowing whether to use string or String in their code. Because in C# string (a keyword) maps exactly to System.String (an FCL type), there is no difference and either can be used.
DateTime
is not a function, but the class.
When you just reference a class like new DateTime()
PHP searches for the class in your current namespace. However the DateTime
class obviously doesn't exists in your controllers namespace but rather in root namespace.
You can either reference it in the root namespace by prepending a backslash:
$now = new \DateTime();
Or add an import statement at the top:
use DateTime;
$now = new DateTime();
For purely html @isherwood has a great solution. For jQuery, give your select drop down an ID then select it with jQuery:
<form>
<select id="myDropDown">
<option value="0">aaaa</option>
<option value="1">bbbb</option>
</select>
</form>
Then use this jQuery to clear the drop down on page load:
$(document).ready(function() {
$('#myDropDown').val('');
});
Or put it inside a function by itself:
$('#myDropDown').val('');
accomplishes what you're looking for and it is easy to put this in functions that may get called on your page if you need to blank out the drop down without reloading the page.
It's a linefeed character. How you use it would be up to you.
You can also compile it from source like this
git clone git://github.com/ry/node.git
cd node
./configure
make
sudo make install
Find detailed instructions here http://howtonode.org/how-to-install-nodejs
Float them left. In Chrome, at least, you don't need to have a wrapper, id="container"
, in LucaM's example.
Same as @Altered-Ego but with txt.file:
Get-Content "C:\ServerList.txt"
machineA,machineB,machineC,machineD
$ServerList = Get-Content "C:\ServerList.txt"
$currentTrustHost=(get-item WSMan:\localhost\Client\TrustedHosts).value
if ( ($currentTrustHost).Length -gt "0" ) {
$currentTrustHost+= ,$ServerList
set-item WSMan:\localhost\Client\TrustedHosts –value $currentTrustHost -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}
else {
$currentTrustHost+= $ServerList
set-item WSMan:\localhost\Client\TrustedHosts –value $currentTrustHost -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}
The "-ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
" is required in old PS version to avoid fake error message:
PS C:\Windows\system32> get-item WSMan:\localhost\Client\TrustedHosts
WSManConfig: Microsoft.WSMan.Management\WSMan::localhost\Client
Type Name SourceOfValue Value
---- ---- ------------- -----
System.String TrustedHosts machineA,machineB,machineC,machineD
The year()
function just retrieves the year component of the underlying Date
object, so it returns a number.
Calling format('YYYY')
will invoke moment's string formatting functions, which will parse the format string supplied, and build a new string containing the appropriate data. Since you only are passing YYYY
, then the result will be a string containing the year.
If all you need is the year, then use the year()
function. It will be faster, as there is less work to do.
Do note that while years are the same in this regard, months are not! Calling format('M')
will return months in the range 1-12. Calling month()
will return months in the range 0-11. This is due to the same behavior of the underlying Date
object.
Sounds like you don't want to resolve dns yourself (this might be the wrong nomenclature) dnspython appears to be a standalone dns client that will understandably ignore your operating system because its bypassing the operating system's utillities.
We can look at a shell utility named getent
to understand how the (debian 11 alike) operating system resolves dns for programs, this is likely the standard for all *nix like systems that use a socket implementation.
see man getent
's "hosts" section, which mentions the use of getaddrinfo
, which we can see as man getaddrinfo
and to use it in python, we have to extract some info from the data structures
.
import socket
def get_ipv4_by_hostname(hostname):
# see `man getent` `/ hosts `
# see `man getaddrinfo`
return list(
i # raw socket structure
[4] # internet protocol info
[0] # address
for i in
socket.getaddrinfo(
hostname,
0 # port, required
)
if i[0] is socket.AddressFamily.AF_INET # ipv4
# ignore duplicate addresses with other socket types
and i[1] is socket.SocketKind.SOCK_RAW
)
print(get_ipv4_by_hostname('localhost'))
print(get_ipv4_by_hostname('google.com'))
You can see the privileges here.
Then you can edit the user
After a recent update on my Ubuntu 16.04 system I have also started getting this error when trying to run convert on .ps files to convert them into pdfs.
This fix worked for me:
In a terminal run:
sudo gedit /etc/ImageMagick-6/policy.xml
This should open the policy.xml file in the gedit text editor. If it doesn't, your image magick might be installed in a different place. Then change
rights="none"
to
rights="read | write"
for PDF, EPS and PS lines near the bottom of the file. Save and exit, and image magick should then work again.
By using the -Xmx
command line parameter when you invoke java.
See http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/tools/windows/java.html
Simplest of all solutions:
filtered_df = df[df['var2'].isnull()]
This filters and gives you rows which has only NaN
values in 'var2'
column.
Here is a nice and simple way to do it (but on CENTOS), without braking the operating system.
yum install scl-utils
next
yum install centos-release-scl-rh
And lastly you install the version that you want, lets say python3.5
yum install rh-python35
And lastly:
scl enable rh-python35 bash
Since MAC-OS is a unix operating system, the way to do it it should be quite similar.
Its just like creating a WAR
file of your project, you can do it in several ways (from Eclipse, command line, maven).
If you want to do from command line, the command is
jar -cvf my_web_app.war *
Which means, "compress everything in this directory into a file named my_web_app.war" (c=create, v=verbose, f=file)
Saty described the differences between them. For your practice, you can use datetime
in order to keep the output of NOW()
.
For example:
CREATE TABLE Orders
(
OrderId int NOT NULL,
ProductName varchar(50) NOT NULL,
OrderDate datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
PRIMARY KEY (OrderId)
)
You can read more at w3schools.
Not necessarily simpler, but a different way, if you are more familiar with the re family.
import re, string
s = "string. With. Punctuation?" # Sample string
out = re.sub('[%s]' % re.escape(string.punctuation), '', s)
I have tried &, but it didn't work. Based on Wim ten Brink's answer I tried &amp and it worked.
One of my fellow developers suggested me to use & and that worked regardless of how many times it may be rendered.
Using the ${#VAR}
syntax will calculate the number of characters in a variable.
https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html#Shell-Parameter-Expansion
I use this function for my projects:
public static String minuteToTime(int minute) {
int hour = minute / 60;
minute %= 60;
String p = "AM";
if (hour >= 12) {
hour %= 12;
p = "PM";
}
if (hour == 0) {
hour = 12;
}
return (hour < 10 ? "0" + hour : hour) + ":" + (minute < 10 ? "0" + minute : minute) + " " + p;
}
I think this will help you
function calculate_time_span($date){
$seconds = strtotime(date('Y-m-d H:i:s')) - strtotime($date);
$months = floor($seconds / (3600*24*30));
$day = floor($seconds / (3600*24));
$hours = floor($seconds / 3600);
$mins = floor(($seconds - ($hours*3600)) / 60);
$secs = floor($seconds % 60);
if($seconds < 60)
$time = $secs." seconds ago";
else if($seconds < 60*60 )
$time = $mins." min ago";
else if($seconds < 24*60*60)
$time = $hours." hours ago";
else if($seconds < 24*60*60)
$time = $day." day ago";
else
$time = $months." month ago";
return $time;
}
If it is giving you relay access denied when you are trying to send an email from outside your network to a domain that your server is not authoritative for then it means your receive connector does not grant you the permissions for sending/relaying. Most likely what you need to do is to authenticate to the server to be granted the permissions for relaying but that does depend upon the configuration of your receive connector. In Exchange 2007/2010/2013 you would need to enable ExchangeUsers permission group as well as an authentication mechanism such as Basic authentication.
Once you're sure your receive connector is configured make sure your email client is configured for authentication as well for the SMTP server. It depends upon your server setup but normally for Exchange you would configure the username by itself, no need for the domain to appended or prefixed to it.
To test things out with authentication via telnet you can go over my post here for directions: https://jefferyland.wordpress.com/2013/05/28/essential-exchange-troubleshooting-send-email-via-telnet/
It has to be a constant - the value has to be computable at the time that the procedure is created, and that one computation has to provide the value that will always be used.
Look at the definition of sys.all_parameters
:
default_value
sql_variant
Ifhas_default_value
is 1, the value of this column is the value of the default for the parameter; otherwise,NULL
.
That is, whatever the default for a parameter is, it has to fit in that column.
As Alex K pointed out in the comments, you can just do:
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[problemParam]
@StartDate INT = NULL,
@EndDate INT = NULL
AS
BEGIN
SET @StartDate = COALESCE(@StartDate,CONVERT(INT,(CONVERT(CHAR(8),GETDATE()-130,112))))
provided that NULL
isn't intended to be a valid value for @StartDate
.
As to the blog post you linked to in the comments - that's talking about a very specific context - that, the result of evaluating GETDATE()
within the context of a single query is often considered to be constant. I don't know of many people (unlike the blog author) who would consider a separate expression inside a UDF to be part of the same query as the query that calls the UDF.
you can do this in different ways:
see here for more details on the second case:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff647786.aspx#scalenetchapt10_topic14
and here for details on the last case:
Don't do this at the view level. Just set the default value to the property in your view model's constructor. Clean and simple. In your post-backs, your selected value will automatically populate the correct selection.
For example
public class MyViewModel
{
public MyViewModel()
{
Gender = "Male";
}
}
<table>_x000D_
<tr>_x000D_
<td><label>@Html.RadioButtonFor(i => i.Gender, "Male")Male</label></td>_x000D_
<td><label>@Html.RadioButtonFor(i => i.Gender, "Female")Female</label></td>_x000D_
</tr>_x000D_
</table>
_x000D_
Try this:
BitmapImage image = new BitmapImage(new Uri("/MyProject;component/Images/down.png", UriKind.Relative));
$duplicate_query=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM student") or die(mysql_error());
$duplicate=mysql_num_rows($duplicate_query);
if($duplicate==0)
{
while($value=mysql_fetch_array($duplicate_query)
{
if(($value['name']==$name)&& ($value['email']==$email)&& ($value['mobile']==$mobile)&& ($value['resume']==$resume))
{
echo $query="INSERT INTO student(name,email,mobile,resume)VALUES('$name','$email','$mobile','$resume')";
$res=mysql_query($query);
if($query)
{
echo "Success";
}
else
{
echo "Error";
}
else
{
echo "Duplicate Entry";
}
}
}
}
else
{
echo "Records Already Exixts";
}
File system, for sure. Then you get to use all of the OS functionality to deal with these images - back ups, webserver, even just scripting batch changes using tools like imagemagic. If you store them in the DB then you'll need to write your own code to solve these problems.
Wrong. That doesn't work for me.
For me this one works:
curl
-H 'SOAPACTION: "urn:samsung.com:service:MainTVAgent2:1#CheckPIN"'
-X POST
-H 'Content-type: text/xml'
-d @/tmp/pinrequest.xml
192.168.1.5:52235/MainTVServer2/control/MainTVAgent2
If you need to give a distance between two rows use this tag
margin-top: 10px !important;
This can happen on foreachs when using:
foreach( $array as $key = $value )
instead of
foreach( $array as $key => $value )
Yes, you can use the built-in hashlib
module or the built-in hash
function. Then, chop-off the last eight digits using modulo operations or string slicing operations on the integer form of the hash:
>>> s = 'she sells sea shells by the sea shore'
>>> # Use hashlib
>>> import hashlib
>>> int(hashlib.sha1(s.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest(), 16) % (10 ** 8)
58097614L
>>> # Use hash()
>>> abs(hash(s)) % (10 ** 8)
82148974
If your OS is using systemd
then you can view docker daemon log with:
sudo journalctl -fu docker.service
Up until yesterday I was stuck painstakingly downloading source zips for tons of jars and attaching them manually for every project. Then a colleague turned me on to The Java Source Attacher. It does what eclipse should do - a right click context menu that says "Attach Java Source".
It automatically downloads the source for you and attaches it. I've only hit a couple libraries it doesn't know about and when that happens it lets you contribute the url back to the community so no one else will have a problem with that library.
pattern="foo"
for _dir in *"${pattern}"*; do
[ -d "${_dir}" ] && dir="${_dir}" && break
done
echo "${dir}"
This is better than the other shell solution provided because
${dir}
will be empty)=~
operator (if you need this depends on your pattern)find
)Try curl -v http://localhost:8080/
instead of 127.0.0.1
Put http.request.method == "POST"
in the display filter of wireshark to only show POST requests. Click on the packet, then expand the Hypertext Transfer Protocol field. The POST data will be right there on top.
use this function http://www.codingforums.com/showthread.php?t=71882
function getDirectory( $path = '.', $level = 0 ){
$ignore = array( 'cgi-bin', '.', '..' );
// Directories to ignore when listing output. Many hosts
// will deny PHP access to the cgi-bin.
$dh = @opendir( $path );
// Open the directory to the handle $dh
while( false !== ( $file = readdir( $dh ) ) ){
// Loop through the directory
if( !in_array( $file, $ignore ) ){
// Check that this file is not to be ignored
$spaces = str_repeat( ' ', ( $level * 4 ) );
// Just to add spacing to the list, to better
// show the directory tree.
if( is_dir( "$path/$file" ) ){
// Its a directory, so we need to keep reading down...
echo "<strong>$spaces $file</strong><br />";
getDirectory( "$path/$file", ($level+1) );
// Re-call this same function but on a new directory.
// this is what makes function recursive.
} else {
echo "$spaces $file<br />";
// Just print out the filename
}
}
}
closedir( $dh );
// Close the directory handle
}
and call the function like that
getDirectory( "." );
// Get the current directory
getDirectory( "./files/includes" );
// Get contents of the "files/includes" folder
1. You shouldn't update your dependencies directly on Production, because you don't know how this will affect the stability of your code. There could be bugs introduced with the new dependencies, it might change the way the code behaves affecting your own, it could be incompatible with other dependencies, etc. You should do this in a dev environment, following by proper QA and regression testing, etc.
2. You should version control your composer.lock file, because this stores information about your dependencies and about the dependencies of your dependencies that will allow you to replicate the current state of the code. This is important, because, all your testing and development has been done against specific code. Not caring about the actual version of the code that you have is similar to uploading code changes to your application and not testing them. If you are upgrading your dependencies versions, this should be a willingly act, and you should take the necessary care to make sure everything still works. Losing one or two hours of up time reverting to a previous release version might cost you a lot of money.
One of the arguments that you will see about not needing the composer.lock is that you can set the exact version that you need in your composer.json file, and that in this way, every time someone runs composer install
, it will install them the same code. This is not true, because, your dependencies have their own dependencies, and their configuration might be specified in a format that it allows updates to subversions, or maybe even entire versions.
This means that even when you specify that you want Laravel 4.1.31 in your composer.json, Laravel in its composer.json file might have its own dependencies required as Symfony event-dispatcher: 2.*. With this kind of config, you could end up with Laravel 4.1.31 with Symfony event-dispatcher 2.4.1, and someone else on your team could have Laravel 4.1.31 with event-dispatcher 2.6.5, it would all depend on when was the last time you ran the composer install.
So, having your composer.lock file in the version system will store the exact version of this sub-dependencies, so, when you and your teammate does a composer install (this is the way that you will install your dependencies based on a composer.lock) you both will get the same versions.
What if you wanna update? Then in your dev environment run: composer update
, this will generate a new composer.lock file (if there is something new) and after you test it, and QA test and regression test it and stuff. You can push it for everyone else to download the new composer.lock, since its safe to upgrade.
3. You shouldn't version control your actual dependencies, because it makes no sense. With the composer.lock you can install the exact version of the dependencies and you wouldn't need to commit them. Why would you add to your repo 10000 files of dependencies, when you are not supposed to be updating them. If you require to change one of this, you should fork it and make your changes there. And if you are worried about having to fetch the actual dependencies each time of a build or release, composer has different ways to alleviate this issue, cache, zip files, etc.
Create .jshintrc
file in the root dir and add there the latest js version: "esversion": 9
and asi version: "asi": true
(it will help you to avoid using semicolons)
{
"esversion": 9,
"asi": true
}
Spring is moving away from XML files and uses annotations heavily. The following example is a simple standalone Spring application which uses annotation instead of XML files.
package com.zetcode.bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class Message {
private String message = "Hello there!";
public void setMessage(String message){
this.message = message;
}
public String getMessage(){
return message;
}
}
This is a simple bean. It is decorated with the @Component
annotation for auto-detection by Spring container.
package com.zetcode.main;
import com.zetcode.bean.Message;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.zetcode")
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context
= new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Application.class);
Application p = context.getBean(Application.class);
p.start();
}
@Autowired
private Message message;
private void start() {
System.out.println("Message: " + message.getMessage());
}
}
This is the main Application
class. The @ComponentScan
annotation searches for components. The @Autowired
annotation injects the bean into the message
variable. The AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
is used to create the Spring application context.
My Standalone Spring tutorial shows how to create a standalone Spring application with both XML and annotations.
Well I encountered a similar problem. The problem for me is that the JS file get loaded before the DOM render happens. So move your <script>
to the end of <body>
tag.
or use defer.
<script defer src="">
so rest assured e.preventDefault()
should work.
e.preventDefault();
It simply stops the default action of an element.
Instance Ex.:-
prevents the hyperlink from following the URL, prevents the submit button to submit the form. When you have many event handlers and you just want to prevent default event from occuring, & occuring from many times, for that we need to use in the top of the function().
Reason:-
The reason to use e.preventDefault();
is that in our code so something goes wrong in the code, then it will allow to execute the link or form to get submitted or allow to execute or allow whatever action you need to do. & link or submit button will get submitted & still allow further propagation of the event.
<!DOCTYPE html>_x000D_
<html lang="en" dir="ltr">_x000D_
<head>_x000D_
<meta charset="utf-8">_x000D_
<title></title>_x000D_
</head>_x000D_
<body>_x000D_
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>_x000D_
<a href="https://www.google.com" onclick="doSomethingElse()">Preventsss page from redirect</a>_x000D_
<script type="text/javascript">_x000D_
function doSomethingElse(){_x000D_
console.log("This is Test...");_x000D_
}_x000D_
$("a").click(function(e){_x000D_
e.preventDefault(); _x000D_
});_x000D_
</script>_x000D_
</body>_x000D_
</html>
_x000D_
return False;
It simply stops the execution of the function().
"return false;
" will end the whole execution of process.
Reason:-
The reason to use return false; is that you don't want to execute the function any more in strictly mode.
<!DOCTYPE html>_x000D_
<html lang="en" dir="ltr">_x000D_
<head>_x000D_
<meta charset="utf-8">_x000D_
<title></title>_x000D_
</head>_x000D_
<body>_x000D_
<a href="#" onclick="returnFalse();">Blah</a>_x000D_
<script type="text/javascript">_x000D_
function returnFalse(){_x000D_
console.log("returns false without location redirection....")_x000D_
return false;_x000D_
location.href = "http://www.google.com/";_x000D_
_x000D_
}_x000D_
</script>_x000D_
</body>_x000D_
</html>
_x000D_
A new answer that uses dplyr and tidyr:
Extracts the desired column names and converts to a list
library(tidyverse)
col_names <- raw_dta %>%
slice(2) %>%
pivot_longer(
cols = "X2":"X10", # until last named column
names_to = "old_names",
values_to = "new_names") %>%
pull(new_names)
Removes the incorrect rows and adds the correct column names
dta <- raw_dta %>%
slice(-1, -2) %>% # Removes the rows containing new and original names
set_names(., nm = col_names)
I was looking for something similar and the official answer is no. However, I was able to find an interesting concept by Daniel at ExcelHero.com.
Basically, you need to create worker vbscripts to execute the various things you want and have it report back to excel. For what I am doing, retrieving HTML data from various website, it works great!
Take a look:
http://www.excelhero.com/blog/2010/05/multi-threaded-vba.html
I guess the issues happens at the encode strings. I solved same issues. Please try adding trim() at last of the encode string.
The file value can either be an absolute path like "c:\logs\log.txt" or a relative path which I believe is relative to the bin directory.
As far as implementing it, I usually place the following at the top of any class I plan to log in:
private static readonly ILog Log = LogManager.GetLogger(
MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().DeclaringType);
Finally, you can use it like so:
Log.Debug("This is a DEBUG level message.");
Something like this should work: From Frans Bouma's Blog
SELECT * FROM
(
SELECT a.*, rownum r__
FROM
(
SELECT * FROM ORDERS WHERE CustomerID LIKE 'A%'
ORDER BY OrderDate DESC, ShippingDate DESC
) a
WHERE rownum < ((pageNumber * pageSize) + 1 )
)
WHERE r__ >= (((pageNumber-1) * pageSize) + 1)
JavaScript does not have a built-in map/hashmap. It should be called an associative array.
hash["X"]
is equal to hash.X
, but it allows "X" as a string variable.
In other words, hash[x]
is functionally equal to eval("hash."+x.toString())
.
It is more similar to object.properties rather than key-value mapping. If you are looking for a better key/value mapping in JavaScript, please use the Map object.
OK, you’ve been told, or have found out yourself, that globals (namespace scope variables that can be accessed outside the translation unit) are Evil™. But did you know how truly Evil™ they are? Consider the program below, consisting of two files [main.cpp] and [numbers.cpp]:
// [main.cpp]
#include <iostream>
extern int* numbers;
int main()
{
using namespace std;
for( int i = 0; i < 42; ++i )
{
cout << (i > 0? ", " : "") << numbers[i];
}
cout << endl;
}
// [numbers.cpp]
int numbers[42] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
In Windows 7 this compiles and links fine with both MinGW g++ 4.4.1 and Visual C++ 10.0.
Since the types don't match, the program crashes when you run it.
In-the-formal explanation: the program has Undefined Behavior (UB), and instead of crashing it can therefore just hang, or perhaps do nothing, or it can send threating e-mails to the presidents of the USA, Russia, India, China and Switzerland, and make Nasal Daemons fly out of your nose.
In-practice explanation: in main.cpp
the array is treated as a pointer, placed
at the same address as the array. For 32-bit executable this means that the first
int
value in the array, is treated as a pointer. I.e., in main.cpp
the
numbers
variable contains, or appears to contain, (int*)1
. This causes the
program to access memory down at very bottom of the address space, which is
conventionally reserved and trap-causing. Result: you get a crash.
The compilers are fully within their rights to not diagnose this error, because C++11 §3.5/10 says, about the requirement of compatible types for the declarations,
[N3290 §3.5/10]
A violation of this rule on type identity does not require a diagnostic.
The same paragraph details the variation that is allowed:
… declarations for an array object can specify array types that differ by the presence or absence of a major array bound (8.3.4).
This allowed variation does not include declaring a name as an array in one translation unit, and as a pointer in another translation unit.
memset
& friends).Not written yet
With deep C experience it’s natural to write …
#define N_ITEMS( array ) (sizeof( array )/sizeof( array[0] ))
Since an array
decays to pointer to first element where needed, the
expression sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0])
can also be written as
sizeof(a)/sizeof(*a)
. It means the same, and no matter how it’s
written it is the C idiom for finding the number elements of array.
Main pitfall: the C idiom is not typesafe. For example, the code …
#include <stdio.h>
#define N_ITEMS( array ) (sizeof( array )/sizeof( *array ))
void display( int const a[7] )
{
int const n = N_ITEMS( a ); // Oops.
printf( "%d elements.\n", n );
}
int main()
{
int const moohaha[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
printf( "%d elements, calling display...\n", N_ITEMS( moohaha ) );
display( moohaha );
}
passes a pointer to N_ITEMS
, and therefore most likely produces a wrong
result. Compiled as a 32-bit executable in Windows 7 it produces …
7 elements, calling display...
1 elements.
int const a[7]
to just int const a[]
.int const a[]
to int const* a
.N_ITEMS
is therefore invoked with a pointer.sizeof(array)
(size of a pointer) is then 4.sizeof(*array)
is equivalent to sizeof(int)
, which for a 32-bit executable is also 4.In order to detect this error at run time you can do …
#include <assert.h>
#include <typeinfo>
#define N_ITEMS( array ) ( \
assert(( \
"N_ITEMS requires an actual array as argument", \
typeid( array ) != typeid( &*array ) \
)), \
sizeof( array )/sizeof( *array ) \
)
7 elements, calling display...
Assertion failed: ( "N_ITEMS requires an actual array as argument", typeid( a ) != typeid( &*a ) ), file runtime_detect ion.cpp, line 16This application has requested the Runtime to terminate it in an unusual way.
Please contact the application's support team for more information.
The runtime error detection is better than no detection, but it wastes a little processor time, and perhaps much more programmer time. Better with detection at compile time! And if you're happy to not support arrays of local types with C++98, then you can do that:
#include <stddef.h>
typedef ptrdiff_t Size;
template< class Type, Size n >
Size n_items( Type (&)[n] ) { return n; }
#define N_ITEMS( array ) n_items( array )
Compiling this definition substituted into the first complete program, with g++, I got …
M:\count> g++ compile_time_detection.cpp
compile_time_detection.cpp: In function 'void display(const int*)':
compile_time_detection.cpp:14: error: no matching function for call to 'n_items(const int*&)'M:\count> _
How it works: the array is passed by reference to n_items
, and so it does
not decay to pointer to first element, and the function can just return the
number of elements specified by the type.
With C++11 you can use this also for arrays of local type, and it's the type safe C++ idiom for finding the number of elements of an array.
constexpr
array size function.With C++11 and later it's natural, but as you'll see dangerous!, to replace the C++03 function
typedef ptrdiff_t Size;
template< class Type, Size n >
Size n_items( Type (&)[n] ) { return n; }
with
using Size = ptrdiff_t;
template< class Type, Size n >
constexpr auto n_items( Type (&)[n] ) -> Size { return n; }
where the significant change is the use of constexpr
, which allows
this function to produce a compile time constant.
For example, in contrast to the C++03 function, such a compile time constant can be used to declare an array of the same size as another:
// Example 1
void foo()
{
int const x[] = {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 4};
constexpr Size n = n_items( x );
int y[n] = {};
// Using y here.
}
But consider this code using the constexpr
version:
// Example 2
template< class Collection >
void foo( Collection const& c )
{
constexpr int n = n_items( c ); // Not in C++14!
// Use c here
}
auto main() -> int
{
int x[42];
foo( x );
}
The pitfall: as of July 2015 the above compiles with MinGW-64 5.1.0 with
-pedantic-errors
, and,
testing with the online compilers at gcc.godbolt.org/, also with clang 3.0
and clang 3.2, but not with clang 3.3, 3.4.1, 3.5.0, 3.5.1, 3.6 (rc1) or
3.7 (experimental). And important for the Windows platform, it does not compile
with Visual C++ 2015. The reason is a C++11/C++14 statement about use of
references in constexpr
expressions:
A conditional-expression
e
is a core constant expression unless the evaluation ofe
, following the rules of the abstract machine (1.9), would evaluate one of the following expressions:
?
- an id-expression that refers to a variable or data member of reference type unless the reference has a preceding initialization and either
- it is initialized with a constant expression or
- it is a non-static data member of an object whose lifetime began within the evaluation of e;
One can always write the more verbose
// Example 3 -- limited
using Size = ptrdiff_t;
template< class Collection >
void foo( Collection const& c )
{
constexpr Size n = std::extent< decltype( c ) >::value;
// Use c here
}
… but this fails when Collection
is not a raw array.
To deal with collections that can be non-arrays one needs the overloadability of an
n_items
function, but also, for compile time use one needs a compile time
representation of the array size. And the classic C++03 solution, which works fine
also in C++11 and C++14, is to let the function report its result not as a value
but via its function result type. For example like this:
// Example 4 - OK (not ideal, but portable and safe)
#include <array>
#include <stddef.h>
using Size = ptrdiff_t;
template< Size n >
struct Size_carrier
{
char sizer[n];
};
template< class Type, Size n >
auto static_n_items( Type (&)[n] )
-> Size_carrier<n>;
// No implementation, is used only at compile time.
template< class Type, size_t n > // size_t for g++
auto static_n_items( std::array<Type, n> const& )
-> Size_carrier<n>;
// No implementation, is used only at compile time.
#define STATIC_N_ITEMS( c ) \
static_cast<Size>( sizeof( static_n_items( c ).sizer ) )
template< class Collection >
void foo( Collection const& c )
{
constexpr Size n = STATIC_N_ITEMS( c );
// Use c here
(void) c;
}
auto main() -> int
{
int x[42];
std::array<int, 43> y;
foo( x );
foo( y );
}
About the choice of return type for static_n_items
: this code doesn't use std::integral_constant
because with std::integral_constant
the result is represented
directly as a constexpr
value, reintroducing the original problem. Instead
of a Size_carrier
class one can let the function directly return a
reference to an array. However, not everybody is familiar with that syntax.
About the naming: part of this solution to the constexpr
-invalid-due-to-reference
problem is to make the choice of compile time constant explicit.
Hopefully the oops-there-was-a-reference-involved-in-your-constexpr
issue will be fixed with
C++17, but until then a macro like the STATIC_N_ITEMS
above yields portability,
e.g. to the clang and Visual C++ compilers, retaining type safety.
Related: macros do not respect scopes, so to avoid name collisions it can be a
good idea to use a name prefix, e.g. MYLIB_STATIC_N_ITEMS
.
Here's an example if:
ifeq ($(strip $(OS)),Linux)
PYTHON = /usr/bin/python
FIND = /usr/bin/find
endif
Note that this comes with a word of warning that different versions of Make have slightly different syntax, none of which seems to be documented very well.
###1 Desktop's -or- Console use:
sensible-browser $URL; # Opinion: best. Target preferred APP.
# My-Server translates to: w3m [options] [URL or filename]
## [ -z "$BROWSER" ] && echo "Empty"
# Then, Set the BROWSER environment variable to your desired browser.
###2 Alternative
# Desktop (if [command-not-found] out-Dated)
x-www-browser http://tv.jimmylandstudios.xyz # firefox
###3 !- A Must Know -!
# Desktop (/usr/share/applications/*.desktop)
xdg-open $URI # opens about anything on Linux (w/ .desktop file)
Clearly HttpContext.Current
is not null
only if you access it in a thread that handles incoming requests. That's why it works "when i use this code in another class of a page".
It won't work in the scheduling related class because relevant code is not executed on a valid thread, but a background thread, which has no HTTP context associated with.
Overall, don't use Application["Setting"]
to store global stuffs, as they are not global as you discovered.
If you need to pass certain information down to business logic layer, pass as arguments to the related methods. Don't let your business logic layer access things like HttpContext
or Application["Settings"]
, as that violates the principles of isolation and decoupling.
Update:
Due to the introduction of async/await
it is more often that such issues happen, so you might consider the following tip,
In general, you should only call HttpContext.Current
in only a few scenarios (within an HTTP module for example). In all other cases, you should use
Page.Context
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.web.ui.page.context?view=netframework-4.7.2 Controller.HttpContext
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.web.mvc.controller.httpcontext?view=aspnet-mvc-5.2instead of HttpContext.Current
.
The code that you have is correct. To get a variable from another class you need to create an instance of the class if the variable is not static, and just call the explicit method to get access to that variable. If you put get and set method like the above is the same of declaring that variable public.
Put the method setNum private and inside the getNum assign the value that you want, you will have "get" access to the variable in that case
To dump large tables, you should combine the --single-transaction option with --quick.
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/mysqldump.html#option_mysqldump_single-transaction
AFAIK, you can't create a File
from an assets file because these are stored in the apk, that means there is no path to an assets folder.
But, you can try to create that File
using a buffer and the AssetManager
(it provides access to an application's raw asset files).
Try to do something like:
AssetManager am = getAssets();
InputStream inputStream = am.open("myfoldername/myfilename");
File file = createFileFromInputStream(inputStream);
private File createFileFromInputStream(InputStream inputStream) {
try{
File f = new File(my_file_name);
OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(f);
byte buffer[] = new byte[1024];
int length = 0;
while((length=inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
outputStream.write(buffer,0,length);
}
outputStream.close();
inputStream.close();
return f;
}catch (IOException e) {
//Logging exception
}
return null;
}
Let me know about your progress.
It can be used to use features which will appear in newer versions while having an older release of Python.
For example
>>> from __future__ import print_function
will allow you to use print
as a function:
>>> print('# of entries', len(dictionary), file=sys.stderr)
(It's not action="get"
or action="post"
it's method="get"
or method="post"
Try to do it using post method:
<form action="third.php" method="POST">
Red<input type="checkbox" name="color[]" id="color" value="red">
Green<input type="checkbox" name="color[]" id="color" value="green">
Blue<input type="checkbox" name="color[]" id="color" value="blue">
Cyan<input type="checkbox" name="color[]" id="color" value="cyan">
Magenta<input type="checkbox" name="color[]" id="color" value="Magenta">
Yellow<input type="checkbox" name="color[]" id="color" value="yellow">
Black<input type="checkbox" name="color[]" id="color" value="black">
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
and in third.php
or for a pericular field you colud get value in:
$_POST['color'][0] //for RED
$_POST['color'][1] // for GREEN
In Android Studio, Gradle is a custom build tool used to build android packages (apk files) by managing dependencies and providing custom build logic.
APK file (Android Application package) is a specially formatted zip file which contains
An apk file gets signed and pushed to the device using ADB(Android Debug Bridge) where it gets executed.
You can directly set the content type like below:
res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});
For reference go through the nodejs Docs link.
Best practice is below according to the documentation:
{this.state.showFooter && <Footer />}
Render the element only when the state is valid.
Here is an updated version of Dan Grossman's answer which will cater for multidimensional arrays (what I was after):
function find_key_value($array, $key, $val)
{
foreach ($array as $item)
{
if (is_array($item) && find_key_value($item, $key, $val)) return true;
if (isset($item[$key]) && $item[$key] == $val) return true;
}
return false;
}
A simple one liner using Java-8
Key key = Collections.max(map.entrySet(), Map.Entry.comparingByValue()).getKey();
You can use not(expression)
function
not()
is a function in xpath (as opposed to an operator)
Example:
//a[not(contains(@id, 'xx'))]
OR
expression != true()
If you are running the .sh from a ssh connection with a tool like MobaXTerm, and if said tool has an autosave utility to edit remote file from local machine, that will lock the file.
Closing and reopening the SSH session solves it.
if you want to change all the keys:
d = {'x':1, 'y':2, 'z':3}
d1 = {'x':'a', 'y':'b', 'z':'c'}
In [10]: dict((d1[key], value) for (key, value) in d.items())
Out[10]: {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
if you want to change single key: You can go with any of the above suggestion.
in order to know the phone resolution simply create a image with label mdpi, hdpi, xhdpi and xxhdpi. put these images in respective folder like mdpi, hdpi, xhdpi and xxhdpi. create a image view in layout and load this image. the phone will load the respective image from a specific folder. by this you will get the phone resolution or *dpi it is using.
I was getting the Object not found error as shown in the screen shot while clicking the phpmyadmin link. Apache and SQL server had got started from the xampp console.
Solution: I uninstalled and installed again after deleting all the files and folders of xampp from C drive. Also, this time, I installed just the Apache and the SQL server. After this, phpmyadmin link started to work.
The easiest way to create daemon with Python is to use the Twisted event-driven framework. It handles all of the stuff necessary for daemonization for you. It uses the Reactor Pattern to handle concurrent requests.
In mysql: BIGINT. In java: Long.
GrepWin Free and open source (GPL)
I've been using grepWin which was written by one of the tortoisesvn guys. Does the job on Windows...
You can do what you're asking several ways:
Using Google's spreadsheet C# library (as in Tacoman667's answer) to fetch a ListFeed which can return a list of rows (ListEntry in Google parlance) each of which has a list of name-value pairs. The Google spreadsheet API (http://code.google.com/apis/spreadsheets/code.html) documentation has more than enough information to get you started.
Using the Google visualization API which lets you submit more sophisticated (almost like SQL) queries to fetch only the rows/columns you require.
The spreadsheet contents are returned as Atom feeds so you can use XPath or SAX parsing to extract the contents of a list feed. There is an example of doing it this way (in Java and Javascript only though I'm afraid) at http://gqlx.twyst.co.za.
One very practical way to do this is to create a dummy start page for your tests that is simply a form with POST that has a single "start test" button and a bunch of <input type="hidden"
... elements with the appropriate post data.
For example you might create a SeleniumTestStart.html
page with these contents:
<body>
<form action="/index.php" method="post">
<input id="starttestbutton" type="submit" value="starttest"/>
<input type="hidden" name="stageid" value="stage-you-need-your-test-to-start-at"/>
</form>
</body>
In this example, index.php is where your normal web app is located.
The Selenium code at the start of your tests would then include:
open /SeleniumTestStart.html
clickAndWait starttestbutton
This is very similar to other mock and stub techniques used in automated testing. You are just mocking the entry point to the web app.
Obviously there are some limitations to this approach:
Please consider reading my article about the Qualities of an Ideal Test
It could be that there is a previous instance of the client still running and listening on port 5000.
INSERT INTO files (title) VALUES ('whatever');
SELECT * FROM files WHERE id = SCOPE_IDENTITY();
Is the safest bet since there is a known issue with OUTPUT Clause conflict on tables with triggers. Makes this quite unreliable as even if your table doesn't currently have any triggers - someone adding one down the line will break your application. Time Bomb sort of behaviour.
See msdn article for deeper explanation:
I would use it-str.begin() In this particular case std::distance and operator- are the same. But if container will change to something without random access, std::distance will increment first argument until it reach second, giving thus linear time and operator- will not compile. Personally I prefer the second behaviour - it's better to be notified when you algorithm from O(n) became O(n^2)...
Use the below command to copy data from CSV in a single line without casting and changing your datatype. Please replace "NULL" by your string which creating error in copy data
copy table_name from 'path to csv file' (format csv, null "NULL", DELIMITER ',', HEADER);
System.IO.Compression
is now available as a nuget package maintained by Microsoft.
To use ZipFile
you need to download System.IO.Compression.ZipFile
nuget package.
I have used the androidquickstart maven archetype and faced the same problem:
My package name was an only androidquickstart. According to advices before
package="androidquickstart"
to package="androidquickstart.test"
and correspondingly removed test from other parts of xml <activity android:name=".test.HelloAndroidActivity" >
to <activity android:name=".HelloAndroidActivity" >
First, get Pdftk:
sudo apt-get install pdftk
Now, as shown on example page, use
pdftk 1.pdf 2.pdf 3.pdf cat output 123.pdf
for merging pdf files into one.
For anyone using Laravel. I was having the same error on Laravel 7.0. The error looked like this
syntax error, unexpected '::' (T_PAAMAYIM_NEKUDOTAYIM), expecting ';' or ','
It was in my Routes\web.php file, which looked like this
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use // this was an extra **use** statement that gave me the error
Route::get('/', function () {
return view('save-online.index');
})->name('save-online.index');
I did something like that:
HTML:
<p class='parent'>text text text</p>
<img class='child' src='idk.png'>
CSS:
.child {
visibility: hidden;
}
.parent:hover .child {
visibility: visible;
}
If you only want to change the font in the TEXTAREA then you only need to change the changeFont() function in the original code to:
function changeFont(_name) {
document.getElementById("mytextarea").style.fontFamily = _name;
}
Then selecting a font will change on the font only in the TEXTAREA.
I ran into the same type of error you described, but mine was due to the dom not being completely ready to go. I tested with both jQuery pulling the div and also getElementById just to make sure there wasn't something strange with the jQuery selector. Below is an example that works in Chrome:
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
div {
height: 50px;
width: 50px;
background-color: #2C7CC3;
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript" src="html2canvas.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.9.1.js"></script>
<script language="javascript">
$(document).ready(function() {
//var testdiv = document.getElementById("testdiv");
html2canvas($("#testdiv"), {
onrendered: function(canvas) {
// canvas is the final rendered <canvas> element
var myImage = canvas.toDataURL("image/png");
window.open(myImage);
}
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="testdiv">
</div>
</body>
</html>
If you are looking for a library to carry out client-side image compression, you can check this out:compress.js. This will basically help you compress multiple images purely with JavaScript and convert them to base64 string. You can optionally set the maximum size in MB and also the preferred image quality.
And if you have lot insert queries but not wanna ger a ERROR message everytime , you can do it:
CREATE UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED INDEX SK01 ON dbo.Person(ID,Name,Active,PersonNumber)
WITH(IGNORE_DUP_KEY = ON)
If we wanted to retrieve or update these attributes using existing, native JavaScript, then we can do so using the getAttribute
and setAttribute
methods as shown below:
JavaScript
<script>
// 'Getting' data-attributes using getAttribute
var plant = document.getElementById('strawberry-plant');
var fruitCount = plant.getAttribute('data-fruit'); // fruitCount = '12'
// 'Setting' data-attributes using setAttribute
plant.setAttribute('data-fruit','7'); // Pesky birds
</script>
Through jQuery
// Fetching data
var fruitCount = $(this).data('fruit');
// Above does not work in firefox. So use below to get attribute value.
var fruitCount = $(this).attr('data-fruit');
// Assigning data
$(this).data('fruit','7');
// But when you get the value again, it will return old value.
// You have to set it as below to update value. Then you will get updated value.
$(this).attr('data-fruit','7');
Read this documentation for vanilla js or this documentation for jquery
Use document.activeElement
Should work.
P.S getElementById("myID")
not getElementById("#myID")
Using MS SQL Server 2012, you need to perform 3 basic steps:
First, generate .sql
file containing only the structure of the source DB
.sql
file locallySecond, replace the source DB with the destination one in the .sql
file
Finally, populate with data
Data Source=Mehdi\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=db_test;User ID=sa;Password=sqlrpwrd15
You are done.
The primitive data types prefixed with "u" are unsigned versions with the same bit sizes. Effectively, this means they cannot store negative numbers, but on the other hand they can store positive numbers twice as large as their signed counterparts. The signed counterparts do not have "u" prefixed.
The limits for int (32 bit) are:
int: –2147483648 to 2147483647
uint: 0 to 4294967295
And for long (64 bit):
long: -9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807
ulong: 0 to 18446744073709551615
I've gotten the following to work:
html {
background:
linear-gradient(rgba(0,184,255,0.45),rgba(0,184,255,0.45)),
url('bgimage.jpg') no-repeat center center fixed;
-webkit-background-size: cover;
-moz-background-size: cover;
-o-background-size: cover;
background-size: cover;
}
The above will produce a nice opaque blue overlay.
If anyone wonders how to perform a related problem: "Select column by partial string"
Use:
df.filter(like='hello') # select columns which contain the word hello
And to select rows by partial string matching, pass axis=0
to filter:
# selects rows which contain the word hello in their index label
df.filter(like='hello', axis=0)
Additionally to the PIL
image check you can also add file name extension check like this:
filename.lower().endswith(('.png', '.jpg', '.jpeg', '.tiff', '.bmp', '.gif'))
Note that this only checks if the file name has a valid image extension, it does not actually open the image to see if it's a valid image, that's why you need to use additionally PIL
or one of the libraries suggested in the other answers.
You should use return as in:
function refreshGrid(entity) {
var store = window.localStorage;
var partitionKey;
if (exit) {
return;
}
Use $.ajax
to call a server context (or URL, or whatever) to invoke a particular 'action'. What you want is something like:
$.ajax({ url: '/my/site',
data: {action: 'test'},
type: 'post',
success: function(output) {
alert(output);
}
});
On the server side, the action
POST parameter should be read and the corresponding value should point to the method to invoke, e.g.:
if(isset($_POST['action']) && !empty($_POST['action'])) {
$action = $_POST['action'];
switch($action) {
case 'test' : test();break;
case 'blah' : blah();break;
// ...etc...
}
}
I believe that's a simple incarnation of the Command pattern.
Chris Stewart wrote there:
Splash screens just waste your time, right? As an Android developer, when I see a splash screen, I know that some poor dev had to add a three-second delay to the code.
Then, I have to stare at some picture for three seconds until I can use the app. And I have to do this every time it’s launched. I know which app I opened. I know what it does. Just let me use it!
Splash Screens the Right Way
I believe that Google isn’t contradicting itself; the old advice and the new stand together. (That said, it’s still not a good idea to use a splash screen that wastes a user’s time. Please don’t do that.)
However, Android apps do take some amount of time to start up, especially on a cold start. There is a delay there that you may not be able to avoid. Instead of leaving a blank screen during this time, why not show the user something nice? This is the approach Google is advocating. Don’t waste the user’s time, but don’t show them a blank, unconfigured section of the app the first time they launch it, either.
If you look at recent updates to Google apps, you’ll see appropriate uses of the splash screen. Take a look at the YouTube app, for example.
How you made it invisible? Try different approach. Use
$("#test1").css('display','none');
When you want to hide that element, and then use
$("#test1").css('display','block');
When you wnat to show it.
Or just move these styles into a class and add/remove class.
strcat(str1, str2)
appends str2 after str1. It requires str1 to have enough space to hold str2. In you code, str1 and str2 are all string constants, so it should not work. You may try this way:
char str1[1024];
char *str2 = "kkkk";
strcpy(str1, "ssssss");
strcat(str1, str2);
printf("%s", str1);
Starting with Ruby 2.4.0, you may use RegExp#match?
:
pattern.match?(string)
Regexp#match?
is explicitly listed as a performance enhancement in the release notes for 2.4.0, as it avoids object allocations performed by other methods such as Regexp#match
and =~
:
Regexp#match?
AddedRegexp#match?
, which executes a regexp match without creating a back reference object and changing$~
to reduce object allocation.
None of these answers worked for me for python. I solved by this
a[not(@id='XX')]
Also you can use or condition in your xpath by |
operator. Such as
a[not(@id='XX')]|a[not(@class='YY')]
Sometimes we want element which has no class. So you can do like
a[not(@class)]
Excellent answer simple and accurate.
I would add a code sample.
C:\oreyes\samples\java\breakcontinue>type BreakContinue.java
class BreakContinue {
public static void main( String [] args ) {
for( int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++ ) {
if( i % 2 == 0) { // if pair, will jump
continue; // don't go to "System.out.print" below.
}
System.out.println("The number is " + i );
if( i == 7 ) {
break; // will end the execution, 8,9 wont be processed
}
}
}
}
C:\oreyes\samples\java\breakcontinue>java BreakContinue
The number is 1
The number is 3
The number is 5
The number is 7
I have been working on Swagger equivalent documentation library called Springfox
nowadays and I found that in the Spring 5.0.8 (running at present), interface WebMvcConfigurer
has been implemented by class WebMvcConfigurationSupport
class which we can directly extend.
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport;
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport { }
And this is how I have used it for setting my resource handling mechanism as follows -
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry.addResourceHandler("swagger-ui.html")
.addResourceLocations("classpath:/META-INF/resources/");
registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**")
.addResourceLocations("classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/");
}
Copy the installation files into your hard drive. Rename the installer file name to vs_professional.exe for professional edition. Enjoy.
Use Object.keys()
... it's the way to go.
Full documentation is available on the MDN site linked below:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/keys
For those who are interested in the "efficiency" of the options collected so far...
Jaime RGP's answer led me to restart my computer after timing the somewhat "challenging" solution of Jason literally following my own suggestion (via comment). To spare the curious of you the downtime, I present here my results (worst-first):
Jason's answer (maybe just an excursion into the power of list comprehension):
$ python -m timeit "[9-i for i in range(10)]"
1000000 loops, best of 3: 1.54 usec per loop
martineau's answer (readable if you are familiar with the extended slices syntax):
$ python -m timeit "range(10)[::-1]"
1000000 loops, best of 3: 0.743 usec per loop
Michal Šrajer's answer (the accepted one, very readable):
$ python -m timeit "reversed(range(10))"
1000000 loops, best of 3: 0.538 usec per loop
bene's answer (the very first, but very sketchy at that time):
$ python -m timeit "range(9,-1,-1)"
1000000 loops, best of 3: 0.401 usec per loop
The last option is easy to remember using the range(n-1,-1,-1)
notation by Val Neekman.
One-liner: re.match(r"pattern", string) # No need to compile
import re
>>> if re.match(r"hello[0-9]+", 'hello1'):
... print('Yes')
...
Yes
You can evalute it as bool
if needed
>>> bool(re.match(r"hello[0-9]+", 'hello1'))
True
Here's an extension for an in-place occurrences replace method on String
, that doesn't no an unnecessary copy and do everything in place:
extension String {
mutating func replaceOccurrences<Target: StringProtocol, Replacement: StringProtocol>(of target: Target, with replacement: Replacement, options: String.CompareOptions = [], locale: Locale? = nil) {
var range: Range<Index>?
repeat {
range = self.range(of: target, options: options, range: range.map { self.index($0.lowerBound, offsetBy: replacement.count)..<self.endIndex }, locale: locale)
if let range = range {
self.replaceSubrange(range, with: replacement)
}
} while range != nil
}
}
(The method signature also mimics the signature of the built-in String.replacingOccurrences()
method)
May be used in the following way:
var string = "this is a string"
string.replaceOccurrences(of: " ", with: "_")
print(string) // "this_is_a_string"
Just to add a non-regex solution:
'(' + $myString.Split('()')[1] + ')'
This splits the string at the parentheses and takes the string from the array with the program name in it.
If you don't need the parentheses, just use:
$myString.Split('()')[1]
Try this...
function nationList($limit=null, $start=null) {
if ($this->session->userdata('language') == "it") {
$this->db->select('nation.id, nation.name_it as name');
}
if ($this->session->userdata('language') == "en") {
$this->db->select('nation.id, nation.name_en as name');
}
$this->db->from('nation');
$this->db->order_by("name", "asc");
if ($limit != '' && $start != '') {
$this->db->limit($limit, $start);
}
$query = $this->db->get();
$nation = array();
foreach ($query->result() as $row) {
array_push($nation, $row);
}
return $nation;
}
You must write correct full path. Don't use '~/Library/Android/sdk'
vi ~/.bashrc
export ANDROID_HOME=/Users/{UserName}/Library/Android/sdk
export PATH=${PATH}:${ANDROID_HOME}/tools
export PATH=${PATH}:${ANDROID_HOME}/platform-tools
source ~/.bashrc
I've created a couple of map tutorials that will cover what you need
Animating the map describes howto create polylines based on a set of LatLngs. Using Google APIs on your map : Directions and Places describes howto use the Directions API and animate a marker along the path.
Take a look at these 2 tutorials and the Github project containing the sample app.
It contains some tips to make your code cleaner and more efficient:
TLS 1.1 and TLS 1.2 are supported since OpenSSL 1.0.1
Forcing TLS 1.1 and 1.2 are only supported since curl 7.34.0
You should consider an upgrade.
I'd use recursion just in case so you can deep copy the map
and avoid bad surprises in case you were to change a map
element that is a map
itself.
Here's an example in a utils.go:
package utils
func CopyMap(m map[string]interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
cp := make(map[string]interface{})
for k, v := range m {
vm, ok := v.(map[string]interface{})
if ok {
cp[k] = CopyMap(vm)
} else {
cp[k] = v
}
}
return cp
}
And its test file (i.e. utils_test.go):
package utils
import (
"testing"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
)
func TestCopyMap(t *testing.T) {
m1 := map[string]interface{}{
"a": "bbb",
"b": map[string]interface{}{
"c": 123,
},
}
m2 := CopyMap(m1)
m1["a"] = "zzz"
delete(m1, "b")
require.Equal(t, map[string]interface{}{"a": "zzz"}, m1)
require.Equal(t, map[string]interface{}{
"a": "bbb",
"b": map[string]interface{}{
"c": 123,
},
}, m2)
}
It should easy enough to adapt if you need the map
key to be something else instead of a string
.
HTTPS proxy doesn't make sense because you can't terminate your HTTP connection at the proxy for security reasons. With your trust policy, it might work if the proxy server has a HTTPS port. Your error is caused by connecting to HTTP proxy port with HTTPS.
You can connect through a proxy using SSL tunneling (many people call that proxy) using proxy CONNECT command. However, Java doesn't support newer version of proxy tunneling. In that case, you need to handle the tunneling yourself. You can find sample code here,
http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/javatips/jw-javatip111.html
EDIT: If you want defeat all the security measures in JSSE, you still need your own TrustManager. Something like this,
public SSLTunnelSocketFactory(String proxyhost, String proxyport){
tunnelHost = proxyhost;
tunnelPort = Integer.parseInt(proxyport);
dfactory = (SSLSocketFactory)sslContext.getSocketFactory();
}
...
connection.setSSLSocketFactory( new SSLTunnelSocketFactory( proxyHost, proxyPort ) );
connection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier( new HostnameVerifier()
{
public boolean verify( String arg0, SSLSession arg1 )
{
return true;
}
} );
EDIT 2: I just tried my program I wrote a few years ago using SSLTunnelSocketFactory and it doesn't work either. Apparently, Sun introduced a new bug sometime in Java 5. See this bug report,
http://bugs.sun.com/view_bug.do?bug_id=6614957
The good news is that the SSL tunneling bug is fixed so you can just use the default factory. I just tried with a proxy and everything works as expected. See my code,
public class SSLContextTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.setProperty("https.proxyHost", "proxy.xxx.com");
System.setProperty("https.proxyPort", "8888");
try {
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
// set up a TrustManager that trusts everything
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { new X509TrustManager() {
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
System.out.println("getAcceptedIssuers =============");
return null;
}
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs,
String authType) {
System.out.println("checkClientTrusted =============");
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs,
String authType) {
System.out.println("checkServerTrusted =============");
}
} }, new SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(
sslContext.getSocketFactory());
HttpsURLConnection
.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
System.out.println("hostnameVerifier =============");
return true;
}
});
URL url = new URL("https://www.verisign.net");
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
BufferedReader reader =
new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
This is what I get when I run the program,
checkServerTrusted =============
hostnameVerifier =============
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
......
As you can see, both SSLContext and hostnameVerifier are getting called. HostnameVerifier is only involved when the hostname doesn't match the cert. I used "www.verisign.net" to trigger this.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<p data-foo="0"></p>
<h6 data-foo="1"></h6>
<script>
var a = document.querySelectorAll('[data-foo]');
for (var i in a) if (a.hasOwnProperty(i)) {
alert(a[i].getAttribute('data-foo'));
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
If you just want a field won't get persisted, both transient and @Transient work. But the question is why @Transient since transient already exists.
Because @Transient field will still get serialized!
Suppose you create a entity, doing some CPU-consuming calculation to get a result and this result will not save in database. But you want to sent the entity to other Java applications to use by JMS, then you should use @Transient
, not the JavaSE keyword transient
. So the receivers running on other VMs can save their time to re-calculate again.
I use this script in bash:
#!/bin/bash
now=$(date +"%b%d-%Y-%H%M%S")
FILE="$1"
name="${FILE%.*}"
ext="${FILE##*.}"
cp -v $FILE $name-$now.$ext
This script copies filename.ext to filename-date.ext, there is another that moves filename.ext to filename-date.ext, you can download them from here. Hope you find them useful!!
Well, the first interpretation is correct. However, your reasoning about the "signed semantics" in this context is wrong.
Again, your first interpretation is correct. Unsigned arithmetic follow the rules of modulo arithmetic, meaning that 0x0000 - 0x0001
evaluates to 0xFFFF
for 32-bit unsigned types.
However, the second interpretation (the one based on "signed semantics") is also required to produce the same result. I.e. even if you evaluate 0 - 1
in the domain of signed type and obtain -1
as the intermediate result, this -1
is still required to produce 0xFFFF
when later it gets converted to unsigned type. Even if some platform uses an exotic representation for signed integers (1's complement, signed magnitude), this platform is still required to apply rules of modulo arithmetic when converting signed integer values to unsigned ones.
For example, this evaluation
signed int a = 0, b = 1;
unsigned int c = a - b;
is still guaranteed to produce UINT_MAX
in c
, even if the platform is using an exotic representation for signed integers.
extract($_POST);
$error=array();
$extension=array("jpeg","jpg","png","gif");
foreach($_FILES["files"]["tmp_name"] as $key=>$tmp_name) {
$file_name=$_FILES["files"]["name"][$key];
$file_tmp=$_FILES["files"]["tmp_name"][$key];
$ext=pathinfo($file_name,PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
if(in_array($ext,$extension)) {
if(!file_exists("photo_gallery/".$txtGalleryName."/".$file_name)) {
move_uploaded_file($file_tmp=$_FILES["files"]["tmp_name"][$key],"photo_gallery/".$txtGalleryName."/".$file_name);
}
else {
$filename=basename($file_name,$ext);
$newFileName=$filename.time().".".$ext;
move_uploaded_file($file_tmp=$_FILES["files"]["tmp_name"][$key],"photo_gallery/".$txtGalleryName."/".$newFileName);
}
}
else {
array_push($error,"$file_name, ");
}
}
and you must check your HTML code
<form action="create_photo_gallery.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<table width="100%">
<tr>
<td>Select Photo (one or multiple):</td>
<td><input type="file" name="files[]" multiple/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center">Note: Supported image format: .jpeg, .jpg, .png, .gif</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center"><input type="submit" value="Create Gallery" id="selectedButton"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
It's not January 1, 1753 but select cast('' as datetime) wich reveals: 1900-01-01 00:00:00.000 gives the default value by SQL server. (Looks more uninitialized to me anyway)
You can have great success and great performance either way. MSDN runs off of ASP.NET so you know it can perform well. PHP runs a lot of the top websites in the world. The same can be said of the databases as well. You really need to choose based upon your skills, the skills of your team, possible specific features that you need/want that one does better than the other, and even the servers that you want to run this site.
If I were building it, I would lean towards PHP because probably everything you want to do has been done before (with code examples how) and because hosting is so much easier to get (and cheaper because you don't have the licensing issues to deal with compared to Windows hosting). For the same reason, I would choose MySQL as well. It is a great database platform and the price is right.
Though there are so many good answers, here is my two cents for the future me :P and for anyone who wants it quick and easy.
For Mac:
open terminal and run the following script
adb tcpip 5555
adb connect $(adb shell ifconfig | grep "inet " | grep -v 127.0.0.1 | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d: -f2):5555
Explanation:
adb tcpip 5555
commands the device to start listening for connections on port 5555
adb connect $(_ip_address_fetched_):5555
tells to connect on port 5555 of the _ip_address_fetched_
address
where _ip_address_fetched_
includes following:
adb shell ifconfig
getting internet configurations using adb shell
grep "inter "
filter any line that starts with inter
grep -v 127.0.0.1
exclude localhost.
At this point, output should be like:
inet addr:###.###.#.### Bcast:###.###.#.### Mask:255.255.255.0
awk '{print $2}'
get the second part of the components array, separated by space (I'm using zsh).
The output up to this point is
addr:###.###.#.###
cut -d: -f2
split the string by delimiter : and take second part. It will only take your device IP address
Its Simple Use .Select function.
DataRow[] foundRows=table.Select("Date = '1/31/1979' or OrderID = 2", "CompanyName ASC");
DataTable dt = foundRows.CopyToDataTable();
And it's done......Happy Coding
Quoting Chris: "... when your program quits, any daemon threads are killed automatically.". I think that sums it up. You should be careful when you use them as they abruptly terminate when main program executes to completion.
Reads input through the console (e.g. Keyboard input). Used in C with scanf
scanf(<formatstring>,<pointer to storage> ...);
Produces output to the console. Used in C with printf
printf(<string>, <values to print> ...);
Produces 'error' output to the console. Used in C with fprintf
fprintf(stderr, <string>, <values to print> ...);
The source for stdin can be redirected. For example, instead of coming from keyboard input, it can come from a file (echo < file.txt
), or another program ( ps | grep <userid>
).
The destinations for stdout, stderr can also be redirected. For example stdout can be redirected to a file: ls . > ls-output.txt
, in this case the output is written to the file ls-output.txt
. Stderr can be redirected with 2>
.
A very practical reason is that IE 6 doesn't let you resize the font if it's specified using px, whereas it does if you use a relative unit such as em or percentages. Not allowing the user to resize the font is very bad for accessibility. Although it's in decline, there are still a lot of IE 6 users out there.
You can use the information schema system views to find out pretty much anything about the tables you're interested in:
SELECT *
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'yourTableName'
ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION
You can also interrogate views, stored procedures and pretty much anything about the database using the Information_schema views.
Yes, this is confusing...
According to this blog post, it looks like this is an omission from WPF.
To make it work you need to use a style:
<Border Name="ClearButtonBorder" Grid.Column="1" CornerRadius="0,3,3,0">
<Border.Style>
<Style>
<Setter Property="Border.Background" Value="Blue"/>
<Style.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="Border.IsMouseOver" Value="True">
<Setter Property="Border.Background" Value="Green" />
</Trigger>
</Style.Triggers>
</Style>
</Border.Style>
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Text="X" />
</Border>
I guess this problem isn't that common as most people tend to factor out this sort of thing into a style, so it can be used on multiple controls.
To base64 it and put it in your clipboard:
file="test.docx"
base64 -w 0 $file | xclip -selection clipboard
I usually use this to find out difference between current
and passed
datetime stamp
OUTPUT
//If difference is greater than 7 days
7 June 2019
// if difference is greater than 24 hours and less than 7 days
1 days ago
6 days ago
1 hour ago
23 hours ago
1 minute ago
58 minutes ago
1 second ago
20 seconds ago
CODE
//return current date time
function getCurrentDateTime(){
//date_default_timezone_set("Asia/Calcutta");
return date("Y-m-d H:i:s");
}
function getDateString($date){
$dateArray = date_parse_from_format('Y/m/d', $date);
$monthName = DateTime::createFromFormat('!m', $dateArray['month'])->format('F');
return $dateArray['day'] . " " . $monthName . " " . $dateArray['year'];
}
function getDateTimeDifferenceString($datetime){
$currentDateTime = new DateTime(getCurrentDateTime());
$passedDateTime = new DateTime($datetime);
$interval = $currentDateTime->diff($passedDateTime);
//$elapsed = $interval->format('%y years %m months %a days %h hours %i minutes %s seconds');
$day = $interval->format('%a');
$hour = $interval->format('%h');
$min = $interval->format('%i');
$seconds = $interval->format('%s');
if($day > 7)
return getDateString($datetime);
else if($day >= 1 && $day <= 7 ){
if($day == 1) return $day . " day ago";
return $day . " days ago";
}else if($hour >= 1 && $hour <= 24){
if($hour == 1) return $hour . " hour ago";
return $hour . " hours ago";
}else if($min >= 1 && $min <= 60){
if($min == 1) return $min . " minute ago";
return $min . " minutes ago";
}else if($seconds >= 1 && $seconds <= 60){
if($seconds == 1) return $seconds . " second ago";
return $seconds . " seconds ago";
}
}
I created an extension for RelativeLayout
that shows/hides Layouts with animations.
It can extend any kind of View
to gain these features.
import android.content.Context;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.animation.Animation;
import android.view.animation.AnimationSet;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
public class AnimatingRelativeLayout extends RelativeLayout
{
Context context;
Animation inAnimation;
Animation outAnimation;
public AnimatingRelativeLayout(Context context)
{
super(context);
this.context = context;
initAnimations();
}
public AnimatingRelativeLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)
{
super(context, attrs);
this.context = context;
initAnimations();
}
public AnimatingRelativeLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle)
{
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
this.context = context;
initAnimations();
}
private void initAnimations()
{
inAnimation = (AnimationSet) AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(context, R.anim.in_animation);
outAnimation = (Animation) AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(context, R.anim.out_animation);
}
public void show()
{
if (isVisible()) return;
show(true);
}
public void show(boolean withAnimation)
{
if (withAnimation) this.startAnimation(inAnimation);
this.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
public void hide()
{
if (!isVisible()) return;
hide(true);
}
public void hide(boolean withAnimation)
{
if (withAnimation) this.startAnimation(outAnimation);
this.setVisibility(View.GONE);
}
public boolean isVisible()
{
return (this.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE);
}
public void overrideDefaultInAnimation(Animation inAnimation)
{
this.inAnimation = inAnimation;
}
public void overrideDefaultOutAnimation(Animation outAnimation)
{
this.outAnimation = outAnimation;
}
}
You can override the original Animation
s using overrideDefaultInAnimation
and overrideDefaultOutAnimation
My original Animations were fadeIn/Out, I am adding XML animation files for Translating in/out of the screen (Translate to top and from top)
in_animation.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<translate xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:duration="600"
android:fillAfter="false"
android:fromXDelta="0"
android:fromYDelta="-100%p"
android:toXDelta="0"
android:toYDelta="0" />
out_animation.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<translate xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:duration="600"
android:fillAfter="false"
android:fromXDelta="0"
android:fromYDelta="0"
android:toXDelta="0"
android:toYDelta="-100%p" />
I also had to setup connection to 2 datasources from Spring Boot application, and it was not easy - the solution mentioned in the Spring Boot documentation didn't work. After a long digging through the internet I made it work and the main idea was taken from this article and bunch of other places.
The following solution is written in Kotlin and works with Spring Boot 2.1.3 and Hibernate Core 5.3.7. Main issue was that it was not enough just to setup different DataSource configs, but it was also necessary to configure EntityManagerFactory and TransactionManager for both databases.
Here is config for the first (Primary) database:
@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
entityManagerFactoryRef = "firstDbEntityManagerFactory",
transactionManagerRef = "firstDbTransactionManager",
basePackages = ["org.path.to.firstDb.domain"]
)
@EnableTransactionManagement
class FirstDbConfig {
@Bean
@Primary
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.firstDb")
fun firstDbDataSource(): DataSource {
return DataSourceBuilder.create().build()
}
@Primary
@Bean(name = ["firstDbEntityManagerFactory"])
fun firstDbEntityManagerFactory(
builder: EntityManagerFactoryBuilder,
@Qualifier("firstDbDataSource") dataSource: DataSource
): LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean {
return builder
.dataSource(dataSource)
.packages(SomeEntity::class.java)
.persistenceUnit("firstDb")
// Following is the optional configuration for naming strategy
.properties(
singletonMap(
"hibernate.naming.physical-strategy",
"org.hibernate.boot.model.naming.PhysicalNamingStrategyStandardImpl"
)
)
.build()
}
@Primary
@Bean(name = ["firstDbTransactionManager"])
fun firstDbTransactionManager(
@Qualifier("firstDbEntityManagerFactory") firstDbEntityManagerFactory: EntityManagerFactory
): PlatformTransactionManager {
return JpaTransactionManager(firstDbEntityManagerFactory)
}
}
And this is config for second database:
@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
entityManagerFactoryRef = "secondDbEntityManagerFactory",
transactionManagerRef = "secondDbTransactionManager",
basePackages = ["org.path.to.secondDb.domain"]
)
@EnableTransactionManagement
class SecondDbConfig {
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.secondDb")
fun secondDbDataSource(): DataSource {
return DataSourceBuilder.create().build()
}
@Bean(name = ["secondDbEntityManagerFactory"])
fun secondDbEntityManagerFactory(
builder: EntityManagerFactoryBuilder,
@Qualifier("secondDbDataSource") dataSource: DataSource
): LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean {
return builder
.dataSource(dataSource)
.packages(EntityFromSecondDb::class.java)
.persistenceUnit("secondDb")
.build()
}
@Bean(name = ["secondDbTransactionManager"])
fun secondDbTransactionManager(
@Qualifier("secondDbEntityManagerFactory") secondDbEntityManagerFactory: EntityManagerFactory
): PlatformTransactionManager {
return JpaTransactionManager(secondDbEntityManagerFactory)
}
}
The properties for datasources are like this:
spring.datasource.firstDb.jdbc-url=
spring.datasource.firstDb.username=
spring.datasource.firstDb.password=
spring.datasource.secondDb.jdbc-url=
spring.datasource.secondDb.username=
spring.datasource.secondDb.password=
Issue with properties was that I had to define jdbc-url instead of url because otherwise I had an exception.
p.s. Also you might have different naming schemes in your databases, which was the case for me. Since Hibernate 5 does not support all previous naming schemes, I had to use solution from this answer - maybe it will also help someone as well.
In my case I setted a old workspace and it was the problem.
Try to set a new folder for workspace
What is a reference in C++? Some specific instance of type that is not an object type.
What is a pointer in C++? Some specific instance of type that is an object type.
From the ISO C++ definition of object type:
An object type is a (possibly cv-qualified) type that is not a function type, not a reference type, and not cv void.
It may be important to know, object type is a top-level category of the type universe in C++. Reference is also a top-level category. But pointer is not.
Pointers and references are mentioned together in the context of compound type. This is basically due to the nature of the declarator syntax inherited from (and extended) C, which has no references. (Besides, there are more than one kind of declarator of references since C++ 11, while pointers are still "unityped": &
+&&
vs. *
.) So drafting a language specific by "extension" with similar style of C in this context is somewhat reasonable. (I will still argue that the syntax of declarators wastes the syntactic expressiveness a lot, makes both human users and implementations frustrating. Thus, all of them are not qualified to be built-in in a new language design. This is a totally different topic about PL design, though.)
Otherwise, it is insignificant that pointers can be qualified as a specific sorts of types with references together. They simply share too few common properties besides the syntax similarity, so there is no need to put them together in most cases.
Note the statements above only mentions "pointers" and "references" as types. There are some interested questions about their instances (like variables). There also come too many misconceptions.
The differences of the top-level categories can already reveal many concrete differences not tied to pointers directly:
cv
qualifiers. References cannot.A few more special rules on references:
&&
parameters (as the "forwarding references") based on reference collapsing during template parameter deduction allow "perfect forwarding" of parameters.std::initializer_list
follows some similar rules of reference lifetime extension. It is another can of worms.I know references are syntactic sugar, so code is easier to read and write.
Technically, this is plain wrong. References are not syntactic sugar of any other features in C++, because they cannot be exactly replaced by other features without any semantic differences.
(Similarly, lambda-expressions are not syntactic sugar of any other features in C++ because it cannot be precisely simulated with "unspecified" properties like the declaration order of the captured variables, which may be important because the initialization order of such variables can be significant.)
C++ only has a few kinds of syntactic sugars in this strict sense. One instance is (inherited from C) the built-in (non-overloaded) operator []
, which is defined exactly having same semantic properties of specific forms of combination over built-in operator unary *
and binary +
.
So, a pointer and a reference both use the same amount of memory.
The statement above is simply wrong. To avoid such misconceptions, look at the ISO C++ rules instead:
From [intro.object]/1:
... An object occupies a region of storage in its period of construction, throughout its lifetime, and in its period of destruction. ...
From [dcl.ref]/4:
It is unspecified whether or not a reference requires storage.
Note these are semantic properties.
Even that pointers are not qualified enough to be put together with references in the sense of the language design, there are still some arguments making it debatable to make choice between them in some other contexts, for example, when making choices on parameter types.
But this is not the whole story. I mean, there are more things than pointers vs references you have to consider.
If you don't have to stick on such over-specific choices, in most cases the answer is short: you do not have the necessity to use pointers, so you don't. Pointers are usually bad enough because they imply too many things you don't expect and they will rely on too many implicit assumptions undermining the maintainability and (even) portability of the code. Unnecessarily relying on pointers is definitely a bad style and it should be avoided in the sense of modern C++. Reconsider your purpose and you will finally find that pointer is the feature of last sorts in most cases.
&
reference type as the 1st parameter type. (And usually it should be const
qualified.)&&
reference type as the 1st parameter type. (And usually there should be no qualifiers.)operator=
as special member functions requires reference types similar to 1st parameter of copy/move constructors.++
requires dummy int
.unique_ptr
and shared_ptr
(or even with homebrew ones by yourself if you require them to be opaque), rather than raw pointers.std::optional
, rather than raw pointers.observer_ptr
in Library Fundamental TS.The only exceptions cannot be worked around in the current language:
operator new
. (However, cv-void*
is still quite different and safer compared to the ordinary object pointers because it rules out unexpected pointer arithmetics unless you are relying on some non conforming extension on void*
like GNU's.)So, in practice, the answer is so obvious: when in doubt, avoid pointers. You have to use pointers only when there are very explicit reasons that nothing else is more appropriate. Except a few exceptional cases mentioned above, such choices are almost always not purely C++-specific (but likely to be language-implementation-specific). Such instances can be:
If you come to see the question via some Google search result (not specific to C++), this is very likely to be the wrong place.
References in C++ is quite "odd", as it is essentially not first-class: they will be treated as the objects or the functions being referred to so they have no chance to support some first-class operations like being the left operand of the member access operator independently to the type of the referred object. Other languages may or may not have similar restrictions on their references.
References in C++ will likely not preserve the meaning across different languages. For example, references in general do not imply nonnull properties on values like they in C++, so such assumptions may not work in some other languages (and you will find counterexamples quite easily, e.g. Java, C#, ...).
There can still be some common properties among references in different programming languages in general, but let's leave it for some other questions in SO.
(A side note: the question may be significant earlier than any "C-like" languages are involved, like ALGOL 68 vs. PL/I.)
Actually, there are five words commonly used when we talk about layers of reference models (or protocol stacks): data
, segment
, packet
, frame
and bit
. And the term PDU (Protocol Data Unit
) is used to refer to the packets in different layers of the OSI model. Thus PDU gives an abstract idea of the data packets. The PDU has a different meaning in different layers still we can use it as a common term.
When we come to your question, we can call all of them by using the general term PDU
, but if you want to call them specifically at a given layer:
Here is a diagram, since a picture is worth a thousand words:
If you're using ASP.NET MVC you might also need to remove the HandleErrorAttribute from the Global.asax.cs file:
public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters)
{
filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute());
}
Use the below code in your rounded_edittext.xml :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:thickness="0dp"
android:shape="rectangle">
<stroke android:width="2dp"
android:color="#2F6699"/>
<corners android:radius="3dp" />
<gradient android:startColor="#C8C8C8"
android:endColor="#FFFFFF"
android:type="linear"
android:angle="270"/>
</shape>
You can use the bind function to set the context of this
within a function.
function myFunc() {
console.log(this.str)
}
const myContext = {str: "my context"}
const boundFunc = myFunc.bind(myContext);
boundFunc(); // "my context"
You haven't stated where you're looking for the element. If it's within the scope of a controller, it is possible, despite the chorus you'll hear about it not being the 'Angular Way'. The chorus is right, but sometimes, in the real world, it's unavoidable. (If you disagree, get in touch—I have a challenge for you.)
If you pass $element
into a controller, like you would $scope
, you can use its find()
function. Note that, in the jQueryLite included in Angular, find()
will only locate tags by name, not attribute. However, if you include the full-blown jQuery in your project, all the functionality of find()
can be used, including finding by attribute.
So, for this HTML:
<div ng-controller='MyCtrl'>
<div>
<div name='foo' class='myElementClass'>this one</div>
</div>
</div>
This AngularJS code should work:
angular.module('MyClient').controller('MyCtrl', [
'$scope',
'$element',
'$log',
function ($scope, $element, $log) {
// Find the element by its class attribute, within your controller's scope
var myElements = $element.find('.myElementClass');
// myElements is now an array of jQuery DOM elements
if (myElements.length == 0) {
// Not found. Are you sure you've included the full jQuery?
} else {
// There should only be one, and it will be element 0
$log.debug(myElements[0].name); // "foo"
}
}
]);
Just a quick change to wp-config.php
define('FS_METHOD','direct');
That’s it, enjoy your wordpress updates without ftp!
Alternate Method:
There are hosts out there that will prevent this method from working to ease your WordPress updating. Fortunately, there is another way to keep this pest from prompting you for your FTP user name and password.
Again, after the MYSQL login declarations in your wp-config.php file, add the following:
define("FTP_HOST", "localhost");
define("FTP_USER", "yourftpusername");
define("FTP_PASS", "yourftppassword");
A call to Class#getResourceAsStream(String)
delegates to the class loader and the resource is searched in the class path. In other words, you current code won't work and you should put abc.txt
in WEB-INF/classes
, or in WEB-INF/lib
if packaged in a jar file.
Or use ServletContext.getResourceAsStream(String)
which allows servlet containers to make a resource available to a servlet from any location, without using a class loader. So use this from a Servlet:
this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/abc.txt") ;
But is there a way I can call getServletContext from my Web Service?
If you are using JAX-WS, then you can get a WebServiceContext
injected:
@Resource
private WebServiceContext wsContext;
And then get the ServletContext
from it:
ServletContext sContext= wsContext.getMessageContext()
.get(MessageContext.SERVLET_CONTEXT));
nan
means "not a number", a float value that you get if you perform a calculation whose result can't be expressed as a number. Any calculations you perform with NaN
will also result in NaN
.
inf
means infinity.
For example:
>>> 2*float("inf")
inf
>>> -2*float("inf")
-inf
>>> float("inf")-float("inf")
nan
A fancy way to solve it is by using twice "rev" and "cut":
find ./ -name "*.txt" | rev | cut -d '/' -f1 | rev
Although the existing answers are valid approaches , they are antiquated . HttpClient is a modern interface for working with RESTful web services . Check the examples section of the page in the link , it has a very straightforward use case for an asynchronous HTTP GET .
using (var client = new System.Net.Http.HttpClient())
{
return await client.GetStringAsync("https://reqres.in/api/users/3"); //uri
}
We are running Linux, a mostly POSIX-compliant OS. POSIX standards it should be: Utility Argument Syntax.
-o
. -o argument
or
-oargument
. -lst
is equivalent to -t -l -s
.-lst
is equivalent to -tls
.-lst
nonoption.--
argument terminates options.-
option is typically used to represent one of the standard input
streams.I just found this excellent little tutorial. broken link (Cached version)
I also followed Microsoft's tutorial which is nice, but I only needed pipes as well.
As you can see, you don't need configuration files and all that messy stuff.
By the way, he uses both HTTP and pipes. Just remove all code lines related to HTTP, and you'll get a pure pipe example.
You can simply use shell commands. If you want to suppress echoing the output, use the "@" sign. For example:
clean:
@if [ "test" = "test" ]; then\
echo "Hello world";\
fi
Note that the closing ";" and "\" are necessary.
For the sake of completeness and the edge case of wanting to update all columns of a row, you can do the following, but consider that the number and types of the fields must match.
Using a data structure
exec sql UPDATE TESTFILE
SET ROW = :DataDs
WHERE CURRENT OF CURSOR; //If using a cursor for update
Source: rpgpgm.com
SQL only
UPDATE t1 SET ROW = (SELECT *
FROM t2
WHERE t2.c3 = t1.c3)
Source: ibm.com
The Maven profile and the Spring profile are two completely different things. Your pom.xml defines spring.profiles.active
variable which is available in the build process, but not at runtime. That is why only the default profile is activated.
How to bind Maven profile with Spring?
You need to pass the build variable to your application so that it is available when it is started.
Define a placeholder in your application.properties
:
[email protected]@
The @spring.profiles.active@
variable must match the declared property from the Maven profile.
Enable resource filtering in you pom.xml:
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
…
</build>
When the build is executed, all files in the src/main/resources
directory will be processed by Maven and the placeholder in your application.properties
will be replaced with the variable you defined in your Maven profile.
For more details you can go to my post where I described this use case.
Lodash has a simple Dictionary implementation and has good TypeScript support
Install Lodash:
npm install lodash @types/lodash --save
Import and usage:
import { Dictionary } from "lodash";
let properties : Dictionary<string> = {
"key": "value"
}
console.log(properties["key"])
Put your form inside an asp.net panel control and set its defaultButton attribute with your button Id. See the code below:
<asp:Panel ID="Panel1" runat="server" DefaultButton="Button1">
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">
<ContentTemplate>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" onclick="Button1_Click" Text="Send" />
</ContentTemplate>
</asp:UpdatePanel>
</asp:Panel>
Hope this will help you...
0 */6 * * * command
This will be the perfect way to say 6 hours a day.
Your command puts in for six minutes!
On a Mac
Delete these using the terminal (usage: rm -rf folderpath):
~/Library/Preferences/AndroidStudioBeta
~/Library/Application Support/AndroidStudioBeta
~/Library/Caches/AndroidStudioBeta
~/Library/Logs/AndroidStudioBeta
Just default the variable to the expected type:
(number=1) => ...
(number=1.0) => ...
(string='str') ...
In case that you're using a directive like me this is how it works when you need the two data way binding for example after updating an attribute in any model or collection:
angular.module('yourApp').directive('setSurveyInEditionMode', setSurveyInEditionMode)
function setSurveyInEditionMode() {
return {
restrict: 'A',
link: function(scope, element, $attributes) {
element.on('click', function(event){
event.stopPropagation();
// In order to work with stopPropagation and two data way binding
// if you don't use scope.$apply in my case the model is not updated in the view when I click on the element that has my directive
scope.$apply(function () {
scope.mySurvey.inEditionMode = true;
console.log('inside the directive')
});
});
}
}
}
Now, you can easily use it in any button, link, div, etc. like so:
<button set-survey-in-edition-mode >Edit survey</button>
I presume you are talking about filling zeros of some existing mat? How about this? :)
mat *= 0;
Answer posted here - same solution to your problem.
Edit: the JQuery answer is very nice if you want a smooth scroll - I hadn't seen that in action before.
After reading this post, I have implemented my own horizontal ListView
. You can find it here: http://dev-smart.com/horizontal-listview/ Let me know if this helps.
Two ways.
i. You can put it in ApplicationController and add the filters in the controller
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base def filter_method end end class FirstController < ApplicationController before_filter :filter_method end class SecondController < ApplicationController before_filter :filter_method end
But the problem here is that this method will be added to all the controllers since all of them extend from application controller
ii. Create a parent controller and define it there
class ParentController < ApplicationController def filter_method end end class FirstController < ParentController before_filter :filter_method end class SecondController < ParentController before_filter :filter_method end
I have named it as parent controller but you can come up with a name that fits your situation properly.
You can also define the filter method in a module and include it in the controllers where you need the filter
I had the exact same problem yesterday working through problem 2-3 in Accelerated C++. The key is to change all variables you will be comparing (using Boolean operators) to compatible types. In this case, that means string::size_type
(or unsigned int
, but since this example is using the former, I will just stick with that even though the two are technically compatible).
Notice that in their original code they did exactly this for the c counter (page 30 in Section 2.5 of the book), as you rightly pointed out.
What makes this example more complicated is that the different padding variables (padsides and padtopbottom), as well as all counters, must also be changed to string::size_type
.
Getting to your example, the code that you posted would end up looking like this:
cout << "Please enter the size of the frame between top and bottom";
string::size_type padtopbottom;
cin >> padtopbottom;
cout << "Please enter size of the frame from each side you would like: ";
string::size_type padsides;
cin >> padsides;
string::size_type c = 0; // definition of c in the program
if (r == padtopbottom + 1 && c == padsides + 1) { // where the error no longer occurs
Notice that in the previous conditional, you would get the error if you didn't initialize variable r as a string::size_type
in the for
loop. So you need to initialize the for loop using something like:
for (string::size_type r=0; r!=rows; ++r) //If r and rows are string::size_type, no error!
So, basically, once you introduce a string::size_type
variable into the mix, any time you want to perform a boolean operation on that item, all operands must have a compatible type for it to compile without warnings.
Checking it out in python3:
python -V
Python 3.6.5
Example1:
.
+-- parent.py
+-- start.py
+-- sub
+-- relative.py
- start.py
import sub.relative
- parent.py
print('Hello from parent.py')
- sub/relative.py
from .. import parent
If we run it like this(just to make sure PYTHONPATH is empty):
PYTHONPATH='' python3 start.py
Output:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "start.py", line 1, in <module>
import sub.relative
File "/python-import-examples/so-example-v1/sub/relative.py", line 1, in <module>
from .. import parent
ValueError: attempted relative import beyond top-level package
If we change import in sub/relative.py
- sub/relative.py
import parent
If we run it like this:
PYTHONPATH='' python3 start.py
Output:
Hello from parent.py
Example2:
.
+-- parent.py
+-- sub
+-- relative.py
+-- start.py
- parent.py
print('Hello from parent.py')
- sub/relative.py
print('Hello from relative.py')
- sub/start.py
import relative
from .. import parent
Run it like:
PYTHONPATH='' python3 sub/start.py
Output:
Hello from relative.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "sub/start.py", line 2, in <module>
from .. import parent
ValueError: attempted relative import beyond top-level package
If we change import in sub/start.py
:
- sub/start.py
import relative
import parent
Run it like:
PYTHONPATH='' python3 sub/start.py
Output:
Hello from relative.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "sub/start.py", line 3, in <module>
import parent
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'parent'
Run it like:
PYTHONPATH='.' python3 sub/start.py
Output:
Hello from relative.py
Hello from parent.py
Also it's better to use import from root folder, i.e.:
- sub/start.py
import sub.relative
import parent
Run it like:
PYTHONPATH='.' python3 sub/start.py
Output:
Hello from relative.py
Hello from parent.py
My take
def filter_list(list, key, value, limit=None):
return [i for i in list if i[key] == value][:limit]
Copy downloaded color schemes to ~/.vim/colors/Your_Color_Scheme
.
Then write
colo Your_Color_Scheme
or
colorscheme Your_Color_Scheme
into your ~/.vimrc
.
See this link for holokai
I kept having this problem whenever I tried to start an app pool more than once. Rather than rebooting, I simply run the Application Information Service. (Note: This service is set to run manually on my system, which may be the reason for the problem.) From its description, it seems obvious that it is somehow involved:
Facilitates the running of interactive applications with additional administrative privileges. If this service is stopped, users will be unable to launch applications with the additional administrative privileges they may require to perform desired user tasks.
Presumably, IIS manager (as well as most other processes running as an administrator) does not maintain admin privileges throughout the life of the process, but instead request admin rights from the Application Information service on a case-by-case basis.
Source: social.technech.microsoft.com
You can wrap it in a TreeSet like this:
Set mySet = new HashSet();
mySet.add(4);
mySet.add(5);
mySet.add(3);
mySet.add(1);
System.out.println("mySet items "+ mySet);
TreeSet treeSet = new TreeSet(mySet);
System.out.println("treeSet items "+ treeSet);
output :
mySet items [1, 3, 4, 5]
treeSet items [1, 3, 4, 5]
Set mySet = new HashSet();
mySet.add("five");
mySet.add("elf");
mySet.add("four");
mySet.add("six");
mySet.add("two");
System.out.println("mySet items "+ mySet);
TreeSet treeSet = new TreeSet(mySet);
System.out.println("treeSet items "+ treeSet);
output:
mySet items [six, four, five, two, elf]
treeSet items [elf, five, four, six, two]
requirement for this method is that the objects of the set/list should be comparable (implement the Comparable interface)
THIS ANSWER IS FOR ANIMATIONS ONLY
If you wanna implement the AND logic, you should use MultiTrigger, here is an example:
Suppose we want to do some actions if the property Text="" (empty string) AND IsKeyboardFocused="False", then your code should look like the following:
<MultiTrigger>
<MultiTrigger.Conditions>
<Condition Property="Text" Value="" />
<Condition Property="IsKeyboardFocused" Value="False" />
</MultiTrigger.Conditions>
<MultiTrigger.EnterActions>
<!-- Your actions here -->
</MultiTrigger.EnterActions>
</MultiTrigger>
If you wanna implement the OR logic, there are couple of ways, and it depends on what you try to do:
The first option is to use multiple Triggers.
So, suppose you wanna do something if either Text="" OR IsKeyboardFocused="False",
then your code should look something like this:
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
<Setter Property="Opacity" TargetName="border" Value="0.56"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
<Setter Property="BorderBrush" TargetName="border"
Value="{StaticResource TextBox.MouseOver.Border}"/>
</Trigger>
But the problem in this is what will I do if i wanna do something if either Text ISN'T null OR IsKeyboard="True"? This can be achieved by the second approach:
Recall De Morgan's rule, that says !(!x && !y) = x || y.
So we'll use it to solve the previous problem, by writing a multi trigger that it's triggered when Text="" and IsKeyboard="True", and we'll do our actions in EXIT ACTIONS, like this:
<MultiTrigger>
<MultiTrigger.Conditions>
<Condition Property="Text" Value="" />
<Condition Property="IsKeyboardFocused" Value="False" />
</MultiTrigger.Conditions>
<MultiTrigger.ExitActions>
<!-- Do something here -->
</MultiTrigger.ExitActions>
</MultiTrigger>
If you can't get to your php.ini file for some reason, disable errors to stdout (display_errors
) in a .htaccess file in any directory by adding the following line:
php_flag display_errors off
additionally, you can add error logging to a file:
php_flag log_errors on
i did this and works: i have my project in D: and my batch file is in the desktop, if u have it in the same drive just ignore the first line and change de D directory in the second line
in the second line change the folder of the file, put your folder
in the third line change the name of the file
D:
cd D:\python_proyects\example_folder\
python example_file.py
another way to solve this: preg_match('/^\d+\.\d+$/',$number);
:)
You can add ng-change
directive to input fields. Have a look at the docs example.
Very simple, you create an array containing zeros using the reference shape:
result = np.zeros(b.shape)
# actually you can also use result = np.zeros_like(b)
# but that also copies the dtype not only the shape
and then insert the array where you need it:
result[:a.shape[0],:a.shape[1]] = a
and voila you have padded it:
print(result)
array([[ 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 0.],
[ 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 0.],
[ 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 0.],
[ 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.]])
You can also make it a bit more general if you define where your upper left element should be inserted
result = np.zeros_like(b)
x_offset = 1 # 0 would be what you wanted
y_offset = 1 # 0 in your case
result[x_offset:a.shape[0]+x_offset,y_offset:a.shape[1]+y_offset] = a
result
array([[ 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],
[ 0., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1.],
[ 0., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1.],
[ 0., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1.]])
but then be careful that you don't have offsets bigger than allowed. For x_offset = 2
for example this will fail.
If you have an arbitary number of dimensions you can define a list of slices to insert the original array. I've found it interesting to play around a bit and created a padding function that can pad (with offset) an arbitary shaped array as long as the array and reference have the same number of dimensions and the offsets are not too big.
def pad(array, reference, offsets):
"""
array: Array to be padded
reference: Reference array with the desired shape
offsets: list of offsets (number of elements must be equal to the dimension of the array)
"""
# Create an array of zeros with the reference shape
result = np.zeros(reference.shape)
# Create a list of slices from offset to offset + shape in each dimension
insertHere = [slice(offset[dim], offset[dim] + array.shape[dim]) for dim in range(a.ndim)]
# Insert the array in the result at the specified offsets
result[insertHere] = a
return result
And some test cases:
import numpy as np
# 1 Dimension
a = np.ones(2)
b = np.ones(5)
offset = [3]
pad(a, b, offset)
# 3 Dimensions
a = np.ones((3,3,3))
b = np.ones((5,4,3))
offset = [1,0,0]
pad(a, b, offset)
In my case, simply re-running brew install yarn
fixed the problem.
Below, I have written an answer for n
equals to 5, but you can apply same approach to draw DFAs for any value of n
and 'any positional number system' e.g binary, ternary...
First lean the term 'Complete DFA', A DFA defined on complete domain in d:Q × S?Q is called 'Complete DFA'. In other words we can say; in transition diagram of complete DFA there is no missing edge (e.g. from each state in Q there is one outgoing edge present for every language symbol in S). Note: Sometime we define partial DFA as d ? Q × S?Q (Read: How does “d:Q × S?Q” read in the definition of a DFA).
Step-1: When you divide a number ? by n
then reminder can be either 0, 1, ..., (n - 2) or (n - 1). If remainder is 0
that means ? is divisible by n
otherwise not. So, in my DFA there will be a state qr that would be corresponding to a remainder value r
, where 0 <= r <= (n - 1)
, and total number of states in DFA is n
.
After processing a number string ? over S, the end state is qr implies that ? % n => r (% reminder operator).
In any automata, the purpose of a state is like memory element. A state in an atomata stores some information like fan's switch that can tell whether the fan is in 'off' or in 'on' state. For n = 5, five states in DFA corresponding to five reminder information as follows:
Using above information, we can start drawing transition diagram TD of five states as follows:
Figure-1
So, 5 states for 5 remainder values. After processing a string ? if end-state becomes q0 that means decimal equivalent of input string is divisible by 5. In above figure q0 is marked final state as two concentric circle.
Additionally, I have defined a transition rule d:(q0, 0)?q0 as a self loop for symbol '0'
at state q0, this is because decimal equivalent of any string consist of only '0'
is 0 and 0 is a divisible by n
.
Step-2: TD above is incomplete; and can only process strings of '0'
s. Now add some more edges so that it can process subsequent number's strings. Check table below, shows new transition rules those can be added next step:
+-------------------------------------+ ¦Number¦Binary¦Remainder(%5)¦End-state¦ +------+------+-------------+---------¦ ¦One ¦1 ¦1 ¦q1 ¦ +------+------+-------------+---------¦ ¦Two ¦10 ¦2 ¦q2 ¦ +------+------+-------------+---------¦ ¦Three ¦11 ¦3 ¦q3 ¦ +------+------+-------------+---------¦ ¦Four ¦100 ¦4 ¦q4 ¦ +-------------------------------------+
'1'
there should be a transition rule d:(q0, 1)?q1 '10'
, end-state should be q2, and to process '10'
, we just need to add one more transition rule d:(q1, 0)?q2'11'
, end-state is q3, and we need to add a transition rule d:(q1, 1)?q3'100'
, end-state is q4. TD already processes prefix string '10'
and we just need to add a new transition rule d:(q2, 0)?q4Figure-2
Step-3: Five = 101
Above transition diagram in figure-2 is still incomplete and there are many missing edges, for an example no transition is defined for d:(q2, 1)-?. And the rule should be present to process strings like '101'
.
Because '101'
= 5 is divisible by 5, and to accept '101'
I will add d:(q2, 1)?q0 in above figure-2.
Path: ?(q0)-1?(q1)-0?(q2)-1?(q0)
with this new rule, transition diagram becomes as follows:
Figure-3
Below in each step I pick next subsequent binary number to add a missing edge until I get TD as a 'complete DFA'.
Step-4: Six = 110.
We can process '11'
in present TD in figure-3 as: ?(q0)-11?(q3) -0?(?). Because 6 % 5 = 1 this means to add one rule d:(q3, 0)?q1.
Figure-4
Step-5: Seven = 111
+--------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦Number¦Binary¦Remainder(%5)¦End-state¦ Path ¦ Add ¦ +------+------+-------------+---------+------------+-----------¦ ¦Seven ¦111 ¦7 % 5 = 2 ¦q2 ¦ q0-11?q3 ¦ q3-1?q2 ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------------+
Figure-5
Step-6: Eight = 1000
+----------------------------------------------------------+ ¦Number¦Binary¦Remainder(%5)¦End-state¦ Path ¦ Add ¦ +------+------+-------------+---------+----------+---------¦ ¦Eight ¦1000 ¦8 % 5 = 3 ¦q3 ¦q0-100?q4 ¦ q4-0?q3 ¦ +----------------------------------------------------------+
Figure-6
Step-7: Nine = 1001
+----------------------------------------------------------+ ¦Number¦Binary¦Remainder(%5)¦End-state¦ Path ¦ Add ¦ +------+------+-------------+---------+----------+---------¦ ¦Nine ¦1001 ¦9 % 5 = 4 ¦q4 ¦q0-100?q4 ¦ q4-1?q4 ¦ +----------------------------------------------------------+
Figure-7
In TD-7, total number of edges are 10 == Q × S = 5 × 2. And it is a complete DFA that can accept all possible binary strings those decimal equivalent is divisible by 5.
Step-1 Exactly same as for binary, use figure-1.
Step-2 Add Zero, One, Two
+------------------------------------------------------+ ¦Decimal¦Ternary¦Remainder(%5)¦End-state¦ Add ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+--------------¦ ¦Zero ¦0 ¦0 ¦q0 ¦ d:(q0,0)?q0 ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+--------------¦ ¦One ¦1 ¦1 ¦q1 ¦ d:(q0,1)?q1 ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+--------------¦ ¦Two ¦2 ¦2 ¦q2 ¦ d:(q0,2)?q3 ¦ +------------------------------------------------------+
Figure-8
Step-3 Add Three, Four, Five
+-----------------------------------------------------+ ¦Decimal¦Ternary¦Remainder(%5)¦End-state¦ Add ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Three ¦10 ¦3 ¦q3 ¦ d:(q1,0)?q3 ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Four ¦11 ¦4 ¦q4 ¦ d:(q1,1)?q4 ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Five ¦12 ¦0 ¦q0 ¦ d:(q1,2)?q0 ¦ +-----------------------------------------------------+
Figure-9
Step-4 Add Six, Seven, Eight
+-----------------------------------------------------+ ¦Decimal¦Ternary¦Remainder(%5)¦End-state¦ Add ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Six ¦20 ¦1 ¦q1 ¦ d:(q2,0)?q1 ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Seven ¦21 ¦2 ¦q2 ¦ d:(q2,1)?q2 ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Eight ¦22 ¦3 ¦q3 ¦ d:(q2,2)?q3 ¦ +-----------------------------------------------------+
Figure-10
Step-5 Add Nine, Ten, Eleven
+-----------------------------------------------------+ ¦Decimal¦Ternary¦Remainder(%5)¦End-state¦ Add ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Nine ¦100 ¦4 ¦q4 ¦ d:(q3,0)?q4 ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Ten ¦101 ¦0 ¦q0 ¦ d:(q3,1)?q0 ¦ +-------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Eleven ¦102 ¦1 ¦q1 ¦ d:(q3,2)?q1 ¦ +-----------------------------------------------------+
Figure-11
Step-6 Add Twelve, Thirteen, Fourteen
+------------------------------------------------------+ ¦Decimal ¦Ternary¦Remainder(%5)¦End-state¦ Add ¦ +--------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Twelve ¦110 ¦2 ¦q2 ¦ d:(q4,0)?q2 ¦ +--------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Thirteen¦111 ¦3 ¦q3 ¦ d:(q4,1)?q3 ¦ +--------+-------+-------------+---------+-------------¦ ¦Fourteen¦112 ¦4 ¦q4 ¦ d:(q4,2)?q4 ¦ +------------------------------------------------------+
Figure-12
Total number of edges in transition diagram figure-12 are 15 = Q × S = 5 * 3 (a complete DFA). And this DFA can accept all strings consist over {0, 1, 2} those decimal equivalent is divisible by 5.
If you notice at each step, in table there are three entries because at each step I add all possible outgoing edge from a state to make a complete DFA (and I add an edge so that qr state gets for remainder is r
)!
To add further, remember union of two regular languages are also a regular. If you need to design a DFA that accepts binary strings those decimal equivalent is either divisible by 3 or 5, then draw two separate DFAs for divisible by 3 and 5 then union both DFAs to construct target DFA (for 1 <= n <= 10 your have to union 10 DFAs).
If you are asked to draw DFA that accepts binary strings such that decimal equivalent is divisible by 5 and 3 both then you are looking for DFA of divisible by 15 ( but what about 6 and 8?).
Note: DFAs drawn with this technique will be minimized DFA only when there is no common factor between number n
and base e.g. there is no between 5 and 2 in first example, or between 5 and 3 in second example, hence both DFAs constructed above are minimized DFAs. If you are interested to read further about possible mini states for number n
and base b
read paper: Divisibility and State Complexity.
below I have added a Python script, I written it for fun while learning Python library pygraphviz. I am adding it I hope it can be helpful for someone in someway.
So we can apply above trick to draw DFA to recognize number strings in any base 'b'
those are divisible a given number 'n'
. In that DFA total number of states will be n
(for n
remainders) and number of edges should be equal to 'b' * 'n' — that is complete DFA: 'b' = number of symbols in language of DFA and 'n' = number of states.
Using above trick, below I have written a Python Script to Draw DFA for input base
and number
. In script, function divided_by_N
populates DFA's transition rules in base * number
steps. In each step-num, I convert num
into number string num_s
using function baseN()
. To avoid processing each number string, I have used a temporary data-structure lookup_table
. In each step, end-state for number string num_s
is evaluated and stored in lookup_table
to use in next step.
For transition graph of DFA, I have written a function draw_transition_graph
using Pygraphviz library (very easy to use). To use this script you need to install graphviz
. To add colorful edges in transition diagram, I randomly generates color codes for each symbol get_color_dict
function.
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pygraphviz as pgv
from pprint import pprint
from random import choice as rchoice
def baseN(n, b, syms="0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"):
""" converts a number `n` into base `b` string """
return ((n == 0) and syms[0]) or (
baseN(n//b, b, syms).lstrip(syms[0]) + syms[n % b])
def divided_by_N(number, base):
"""
constructs DFA that accepts given `base` number strings
those are divisible by a given `number`
"""
ACCEPTING_STATE = START_STATE = '0'
SYMBOL_0 = '0'
dfa = {
str(from_state): {
str(symbol): 'to_state' for symbol in range(base)
}
for from_state in range(number)
}
dfa[START_STATE][SYMBOL_0] = ACCEPTING_STATE
# `lookup_table` keeps track: 'number string' -->[dfa]--> 'end_state'
lookup_table = { SYMBOL_0: ACCEPTING_STATE }.setdefault
for num in range(number * base):
end_state = str(num % number)
num_s = baseN(num, base)
before_end_state = lookup_table(num_s[:-1], START_STATE)
dfa[before_end_state][num_s[-1]] = end_state
lookup_table(num_s, end_state)
return dfa
def symcolrhexcodes(symbols):
"""
returns dict of color codes mapped with alphabets symbol in symbols
"""
return {
symbol: '#'+''.join([
rchoice("8A6C2B590D1F4E37") for _ in "FFFFFF"
])
for symbol in symbols
}
def draw_transition_graph(dfa, filename="filename"):
ACCEPTING_STATE = START_STATE = '0'
colors = symcolrhexcodes(dfa[START_STATE].keys())
# draw transition graph
tg = pgv.AGraph(strict=False, directed=True, decorate=True)
for from_state in dfa:
for symbol, to_state in dfa[from_state].iteritems():
tg.add_edge("Q%s"%from_state, "Q%s"%to_state,
label=symbol, color=colors[symbol],
fontcolor=colors[symbol])
# add intial edge from an invisible node!
tg.add_node('null', shape='plaintext', label='start')
tg.add_edge('null', "Q%s"%START_STATE,)
# make end acception state as 'doublecircle'
tg.get_node("Q%s"%ACCEPTING_STATE).attr['shape'] = 'doublecircle'
tg.draw(filename, prog='circo')
tg.close()
def print_transition_table(dfa):
print("DFA accepting number string in base '%(base)s' "
"those are divisible by '%(number)s':" % {
'base': len(dfa['0']),
'number': len(dfa),})
pprint(dfa)
if __name__ == "__main__":
number = input ("Enter NUMBER: ")
base = input ("Enter BASE of number system: ")
dfa = divided_by_N(number, base)
print_transition_table(dfa)
draw_transition_graph(dfa)
Execute it:
~/study/divide-5/script$ python script.py
Enter NUMBER: 5
Enter BASE of number system: 4
DFA accepting number string in base '4' those are divisible by '5':
{'0': {'0': '0', '1': '1', '2': '2', '3': '3'},
'1': {'0': '4', '1': '0', '2': '1', '3': '2'},
'2': {'0': '3', '1': '4', '2': '0', '3': '1'},
'3': {'0': '2', '1': '3', '2': '4', '3': '0'},
'4': {'0': '1', '1': '2', '2': '3', '3': '4'}}
~/study/divide-5/script$ ls
script.py filename.png
~/study/divide-5/script$ display filename
Output:
DFA accepting number strings in base 4 those are divisible by 5
Similarly, enter base = 4 and number = 7 to generate - dfa accepting number string in base '4' those are divisible by '7'
Btw, try changing filename
to .png
or .jpeg
.
References those I use to write this script:
➊ Function baseN
from "convert integer to a string in a given numeric base in python"
➋ To install "pygraphviz": "Python does not see pygraphviz"
➌ To learn use of Pygraphviz: "Python-FSM"
➍ To generate random hex color codes for each language symbol: "How would I make a random hexdigit code generator using .join and for loops?"
So the solution to the original problem is that you don't need both the "@see" and the "{@link...}" references on the same line. The "@link" tag is self-sufficient and, as noted, you can put it anywhere in the javadoc block. So you can mix the two approaches:
/**
* some javadoc stuff
* {@link com.my.package.Class#method()}
* more stuff
* @see com.my.package.AnotherClass
*/
Put the picture inside a newDiv
.
Make the width of the containing div
the same as the image.
Apply margin: 0 auto;
to the newDiv
.
That should center the div
within the container.