You put your template in the wrong place. From the Flask docs:
Flask will look for templates in the templates folder. So if your application is a module, this folder is next to that module, if it’s a package it’s actually inside your package: See the docs for more information: http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/quickstart/#rendering-templates
I also had similar problem where redirects were giving 404 or 405 randomly on my development server. It was an issue with gunicorn instances.
Turns out that I had not properly shut down the gunicorn instance before starting a new one for testing.
Somehow both of the processes were running simultaneously, listening to the same port 8080 and interfering with each other.
Strangely enough they continued running in background after I had killed all my terminals.
Had to kill them manually using fuser -k 8080/tcp
The problem is that you have a circular import: in app.py
from mod_login import mod_login
in mod_login.py
from app import app
This is not permitted in Python. See Circular import dependency in Python for more info. In short, the solution are
You are not returning a response object from your view my_form_post
. The function ends with implicit return None
, which Flask does not like.
Make the function my_form_post
return an explicit response, for example
return 'OK'
at the end of the function.
Unless you tell the development server that it's running in development mode, it will assume you're using it in production and warn you not to. The development server is not intended for use in production. It is not designed to be particularly efficient, stable, or secure.
Enable development mode by setting the FLASK_ENV
environment variable to development
.
$ export FLASK_APP=example
$ export FLASK_ENV=development
$ flask run
If you're running in PyCharm (or probably any other IDE) you can set environment variables in the run configuration.
Development mode enables the debugger and reloader by default. If you don't want these, pass --no-debugger
or --no-reloader
to the run
command.
That warning is just a warning though, it's not an error preventing your app from running. If your app isn't working, there's something else wrong with your code.
This was how added my headers in my flask application and it worked perfectly
@app.after_request
def add_header(response):
response.headers['X-Content-Type-Options'] = 'nosniff'
return response
For a simple solution, you could add a route such as
@app.route("/cron/do_the_thing", methods=['POST'])
def do_the_thing():
logging.info("Did the thing")
return "OK", 200
Then add a unix cron job that POSTs to this endpoint periodically. For example to run it once a minute, in terminal type crontab -e
and add this line:
* * * * * /opt/local/bin/curl -X POST https://YOUR_APP/cron/do_the_thing
(Note that the path to curl has to be complete, as when the job runs it won't have your PATH. You can find out the full path to curl on your system by which curl
)
I like this in that it's easy to test the job manually, it has no extra dependencies and as there isn't anything special going on it is easy to understand.
If you'd like to password protect your cron job, you can pip install Flask-BasicAuth
, and then add the credentials to your app configuration:
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['BASIC_AUTH_REALM'] = 'realm'
app.config['BASIC_AUTH_USERNAME'] = 'falken'
app.config['BASIC_AUTH_PASSWORD'] = 'joshua'
To password protect the job endpoint:
from flask_basicauth import BasicAuth
basic_auth = BasicAuth(app)
@app.route("/cron/do_the_thing", methods=['POST'])
@basic_auth.required
def do_the_thing():
logging.info("Did the thing a bit more securely")
return "OK", 200
Then to call it from your cron job:
* * * * * /opt/local/bin/curl -X POST https://falken:joshua@YOUR_APP/cron/do_the_thing
request.data
will be empty if request.headers["Content-Type"]
is recognized as form data, which will be parsed into request.form
. To get the raw data regardless of content type, use request.get_data()
.
request.data
calls request.get_data(parse_form_data=True)
, which results in the different behavior for form data.
I tried running @Viraj Wadate's code, but couldn't get the output from app.logger.info
on the console.
To get INFO
, WARNING
, and ERROR
messages in the console, the dictConfig
object can be used to create logging configuration for all logs (source):
from logging.config import dictConfig
from flask import Flask
dictConfig({
'version': 1,
'formatters': {'default': {
'format': '[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s in %(module)s: %(message)s',
}},
'handlers': {'wsgi': {
'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
'stream': 'ext://flask.logging.wsgi_errors_stream',
'formatter': 'default'
}},
'root': {
'level': 'INFO',
'handlers': ['wsgi']
}
})
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def index():
return "Hello from Flask's test environment"
@app.route('/print')
def printMsg():
app.logger.warning('testing warning log')
app.logger.error('testing error log')
app.logger.info('testing info log')
return "Check your console"
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
You can use like this:
import os
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def hello():
# Redirect from here, replace your custom site url "www.google.com"
return redirect("https://www.google.com", code=200)
if __name__ == '__main__':
# Bind to PORT if defined, otherwise default to 5000.
port = int(os.environ.get('PORT', 5000))
app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=port)
Use request.args
to get parsed contents of query string:
from flask import request
@app.route(...)
def login():
username = request.args.get('username')
password = request.args.get('password')
You use something like
from flask import send_file
@app.route('/get_image')
def get_image():
if request.args.get('type') == '1':
filename = 'ok.gif'
else:
filename = 'error.gif'
return send_file(filename, mimetype='image/gif')
to send back ok.gif
or error.gif
, depending on the type query parameter. See the documentation for the send_file
function and the request
object for more information.
You could pass the messages as explicit URL parameter (appropriately encoded), or store the messages into session
(cookie) variable before redirecting and then get the variable before rendering the template. For example:
from flask import session, url_for
def do_baz():
messages = json.dumps({"main":"Condition failed on page baz"})
session['messages'] = messages
return redirect(url_for('.do_foo', messages=messages))
@app.route('/foo')
def do_foo():
messages = request.args['messages'] # counterpart for url_for()
messages = session['messages'] # counterpart for session
return render_template("foo.html", messages=json.loads(messages))
(encoding the session variable might not be necessary, flask may be handling it for you, but can't recall the details)
Or you could probably just use Flask Message Flashing if you just need to show simple messages.
Solved, no fuss. You can be lazy and use jsonify, all you need to do is pass in items=[your list].
Take a look here for the solution
If you are running it locally and want to be able to step through the code:
python -m pdb script.py
My solution is a wrapper around app.route:
def corsapp_route(path, origin=('127.0.0.1',), **options):
"""
Flask app alias with cors
:return:
"""
def inner(func):
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
if request.method == 'OPTIONS':
response = make_response()
response.headers.add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", ', '.join(origin))
response.headers.add('Access-Control-Allow-Headers', ', '.join(origin))
response.headers.add('Access-Control-Allow-Methods', ', '.join(origin))
return response
else:
result = func(*args, **kwargs)
if 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' not in result.headers:
result.headers.add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", ', '.join(origin))
return result
wrapper.__name__ = func.__name__
if 'methods' in options:
if 'OPTIONS' in options['methods']:
return app.route(path, **options)(wrapper)
else:
options['methods'].append('OPTIONS')
return app.route(path, **options)(wrapper)
return wrapper
return inner
@corsapp_route('/', methods=['POST'], origin=['*'])
def hello_world():
...
Threading is another possible solution. Although the Celery based solution is better for applications at scale, if you are not expecting too much traffic on the endpoint in question, threading is a viable alternative.
This solution is based on Miguel Grinberg's PyCon 2016 Flask at Scale presentation, specifically slide 41 in his slide deck. His code is also available on github for those interested in the original source.
From a user perspective the code works as follows:
To convert an api call to a background task, simply add the @async_api decorator.
Here is a fully contained example:
from flask import Flask, g, abort, current_app, request, url_for
from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException, InternalServerError
from flask_restful import Resource, Api
from datetime import datetime
from functools import wraps
import threading
import time
import uuid
tasks = {}
app = Flask(__name__)
api = Api(app)
@app.before_first_request
def before_first_request():
"""Start a background thread that cleans up old tasks."""
def clean_old_tasks():
"""
This function cleans up old tasks from our in-memory data structure.
"""
global tasks
while True:
# Only keep tasks that are running or that finished less than 5
# minutes ago.
five_min_ago = datetime.timestamp(datetime.utcnow()) - 5 * 60
tasks = {task_id: task for task_id, task in tasks.items()
if 'completion_timestamp' not in task or task['completion_timestamp'] > five_min_ago}
time.sleep(60)
if not current_app.config['TESTING']:
thread = threading.Thread(target=clean_old_tasks)
thread.start()
def async_api(wrapped_function):
@wraps(wrapped_function)
def new_function(*args, **kwargs):
def task_call(flask_app, environ):
# Create a request context similar to that of the original request
# so that the task can have access to flask.g, flask.request, etc.
with flask_app.request_context(environ):
try:
tasks[task_id]['return_value'] = wrapped_function(*args, **kwargs)
except HTTPException as e:
tasks[task_id]['return_value'] = current_app.handle_http_exception(e)
except Exception as e:
# The function raised an exception, so we set a 500 error
tasks[task_id]['return_value'] = InternalServerError()
if current_app.debug:
# We want to find out if something happened so reraise
raise
finally:
# We record the time of the response, to help in garbage
# collecting old tasks
tasks[task_id]['completion_timestamp'] = datetime.timestamp(datetime.utcnow())
# close the database session (if any)
# Assign an id to the asynchronous task
task_id = uuid.uuid4().hex
# Record the task, and then launch it
tasks[task_id] = {'task_thread': threading.Thread(
target=task_call, args=(current_app._get_current_object(),
request.environ))}
tasks[task_id]['task_thread'].start()
# Return a 202 response, with a link that the client can use to
# obtain task status
print(url_for('gettaskstatus', task_id=task_id))
return 'accepted', 202, {'Location': url_for('gettaskstatus', task_id=task_id)}
return new_function
class GetTaskStatus(Resource):
def get(self, task_id):
"""
Return status about an asynchronous task. If this request returns a 202
status code, it means that task hasn't finished yet. Else, the response
from the task is returned.
"""
task = tasks.get(task_id)
if task is None:
abort(404)
if 'return_value' not in task:
return '', 202, {'Location': url_for('gettaskstatus', task_id=task_id)}
return task['return_value']
class CatchAll(Resource):
@async_api
def get(self, path=''):
# perform some intensive processing
print("starting processing task, path: '%s'" % path)
time.sleep(10)
print("completed processing task, path: '%s'" % path)
return f'The answer is: {path}'
api.add_resource(CatchAll, '/<path:path>', '/')
api.add_resource(GetTaskStatus, '/status/<task_id>')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
Currently there is a far simpler solution than the ones already provided. When running your application you just have to pass along the threaded=True
parameter to the app.run()
call, like:
app.run(host="your.host", port=4321, threaded=True)
Another option as per what we can see in the werkzeug docs, is to use the processes
parameter, which receives a number > 1 indicating the maximum number of concurrent processes to handle:
- threaded – should the process handle each request in a separate thread?
- processes – if greater than 1 then handle each request in a new process up to this maximum number of concurrent processes.
Something like:
app.run(host="your.host", port=4321, processes=3) #up to 3 processes
More info on the run()
method here, and the blog post that led me to find the solution and api references.
Note: on the Flask docs on the run()
methods it's indicated that using it in a Production Environment is discouraged because (quote): "While lightweight and easy to use, Flask’s built-in server is not suitable for production as it doesn’t scale well."
However, they do point to their Deployment Options page for the recommended ways to do this when going for production.
You may note that request.json or request.get_json() works only when the "Content-type: application/json" has been added in the header of the request. If you are unable to change the client request configuration, so you can get the body as json like this:
data = json.loads(request.data)
Adding more to Jason's more generalized way of retrieving the POST data or GET data
from flask_restful import reqparse
def parse_arg_from_requests(arg, **kwargs):
parse = reqparse.RequestParser()
parse.add_argument(arg, **kwargs)
args = parse.parse_args()
return args[arg]
form_field_value = parse_arg_from_requests('FormFieldValue')
You can also declare it HTML safe from the code:
from flask import Markup
value = Markup('<strong>The HTML String</strong>')
Then pass that value to the templates and they don't have to |safe
it.
docs: SQL Expression Language Tutorial - Using Text
example:
from sqlalchemy.sql import text
connection = engine.connect()
# recommended
cmd = 'select * from Employees where EmployeeGroup = :group'
employeeGroup = 'Staff'
employees = connection.execute(text(cmd), group = employeeGroup)
# or - wee more difficult to interpret the command
employeeGroup = 'Staff'
employees = connection.execute(
text('select * from Employees where EmployeeGroup = :group'),
group = employeeGroup)
# or - notice the requirement to quote 'Staff'
employees = connection.execute(
text("select * from Employees where EmployeeGroup = 'Staff'"))
for employee in employees: logger.debug(employee)
# output
(0, 'Tim', 'Gurra', 'Staff', '991-509-9284')
(1, 'Jim', 'Carey', 'Staff', '832-252-1910')
(2, 'Lee', 'Asher', 'Staff', '897-747-1564')
(3, 'Ben', 'Hayes', 'Staff', '584-255-2631')
This worked for me:
curl -v --cookie "USER_TOKEN=Yes" http://127.0.0.1:5000/
I could see the value in backend using
print request.cookies
Since Flask 0.10 you can`t add multiple routes to one endpoint. But you can add fake endpoint
@user.route('/<userId>')
def show(userId):
return show_with_username(userId)
@user.route('/<userId>/<username>')
def show_with_username(userId,username=None):
pass
Your view names need to be unique even if they are pointing to the same view method.
app.add_url_rule('/',
view_func=Main.as_view('main'),
methods = ['GET'])
app.add_url_rule('/<page>/',
view_func=Main.as_view('page'),
methods = ['GET'])
The choice of one or another depends on what you intend to do. From what I do understand:
jsonify would be useful when you are building an API someone would query and expect json in return. E.g: The REST github API could use this method to answer your request.
dumps, is more about formating data/python object into json and work on it inside your application. For instance, I need to pass an object to my representation layer where some javascript will display graph. You'll feed javascript with the Json generated by dumps.
Refer to the Flask API document for flask.url_for()
Other sample snippets of usage for linking js or css to your template are below.
<script src="{{ url_for('static', filename='jquery.min.js') }}"></script>
<link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href="{{ url_for('static', filename='style.css') }}">
I like and upvoted @Simon Sapin's answer. I ended up taking a slightly different tack, however, and created my own decorator:
from flask import Response
from functools import wraps
def returns_xml(f):
@wraps(f)
def decorated_function(*args, **kwargs):
r = f(*args, **kwargs)
return Response(r, content_type='text/xml; charset=utf-8')
return decorated_function
and use it thus:
@app.route('/ajax_ddl')
@returns_xml
def ajax_ddl():
xml = 'foo'
return xml
I think this is slightly more comfortable.
If you don't want to use jsonify
for some reason, you can do what it does manually. Call flask.json.dumps
to create JSON data, then return a response with the application/json
content type.
from flask import json
@app.route('/summary')
def summary():
data = make_summary()
response = app.response_class(
response=json.dumps(data),
mimetype='application/json'
)
return response
flask.json
is distinct from the built-in json
module. It will use the faster simplejson
module if available, and enables various integrations with your Flask app.
You have by default the static
endpoint for static files. Also Flask
application has the following arguments:
static_url_path
: can be used to specify a different path for the static files on the web. Defaults to the name of the static_folder
folder.
static_folder
: the folder with static files that should be served at static_url_path
. Defaults to the 'static' folder in the root path of the application.
It means that the filename
argument will take a relative path to your file in static_folder
and convert it to a relative path combined with static_url_default
:
url_for('static', filename='path/to/file')
will convert the file path from static_folder/path/to/file
to the url path static_url_default/path/to/file
.
So if you want to get files from the static/bootstrap
folder you use this code:
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ url_for('static', filename='bootstrap/bootstrap.min.css') }}">
Which will be converted to (using default settings):
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="static/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.css">
Also look at url_for
documentation.
Here is the example in which you can easily find the way to use Post,GET method and use the same way to add other curd operations as well..
#libraries to include
import os
from flask import request, jsonify
from app import app, mongo
import logger
ROOT_PATH = os.environ.get('ROOT_PATH')<br>
@app.route('/get/questions/', methods=['GET', 'POST','DELETE', 'PATCH'])
def question():
# request.args is to get urls arguments
if request.method == 'GET':
start = request.args.get('start', default=0, type=int)
limit_url = request.args.get('limit', default=20, type=int)
questions = mongo.db.questions.find().limit(limit_url).skip(start);
data = [doc for doc in questions]
return jsonify(isError= False,
message= "Success",
statusCode= 200,
data= data), 200
# request.form to get form parameter
if request.method == 'POST':
average_time = request.form.get('average_time')
choices = request.form.get('choices')
created_by = request.form.get('created_by')
difficulty_level = request.form.get('difficulty_level')
question = request.form.get('question')
topics = request.form.get('topics')
##Do something like insert in DB or Render somewhere etc. it's up to you....... :)
Here's my approach: https://github.com/n0nSmoker/SQLAlchemy-serializer
pip install SQLAlchemy-serializer
You can easily add mixin to your model and than just call .to_dict() method on it's instance
You also can write your own mixin on base of SerializerMixin
To download file on flask call. File name is Examples.pdf When I am hitting 127.0.0.1:5000/download it should get download.
Example:
from flask import Flask
from flask import send_file
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/download')
def downloadFile ():
#For windows you need to use drive name [ex: F:/Example.pdf]
path = "/Examples.pdf"
return send_file(path, as_attachment=True)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(port=5000,debug=True)
If You are using Gunicorn and Nginx environment then the following code template works for you.
addr_ip4 = request.remote_addr
I had to set FLASK_RUN_PORT
in my environment to the specified port number. Next time you start your app, Flask will load that environment variable with the port number you selected.
We can do this by using request.query_string.
Example:
Lets consider view.py
from my_script import get_url_params
@app.route('/web_url/', methods=('get', 'post'))
def get_url_params_index():
return Response(get_url_params())
You also make it more modular by using Flask Blueprints - https://flask.palletsprojects.com/en/1.1.x/blueprints/
Lets consider first name is being passed as a part of query string /web_url/?first_name=john
## here is my_script.py
## import required flask packages
from flask import request
def get_url_params():
## you might further need to format the URL params through escape.
firstName = request.args.get('first_name')
return firstName
As you see this is just a small example - you can fetch multiple values + formate those and use it or pass it onto the template file.
another example:
request:
curl -XGET http://127.0.0.1:5000/alert/dingding/test?x=y
then:
request.method: GET
request.url: http://127.0.0.1:5000/alert/dingding/test?x=y
request.base_url: http://127.0.0.1:5000/alert/dingding/test
request.url_charset: utf-8
request.url_root: http://127.0.0.1:5000/
str(request.url_rule): /alert/dingding/test
request.host_url: http://127.0.0.1:5000/
request.host: 127.0.0.1:5000
request.script_root:
request.path: /alert/dingding/test
request.full_path: /alert/dingding/test?x=y
request.args: ImmutableMultiDict([('x', 'y')])
request.args.get('x'): y
If you're working on the CLI and only have one flask app/process running (or rather, you just want want to kill any flask process running on your system), you can kill it with:
kill $(pgrep -f flask)
you can also use flask_api for sending response
from flask_api import status
@app.route('/your-api/')
def empty_view(self):
content = {'your content here'}
return content, status.HTTP_201_CREATED
you can find reference here http://www.flaskapi.org/api-guide/status-codes/
In case we want to dump the in memory file to disk. This code can be used
if isinstanceof(obj,SpooledTemporaryFile):
obj.rollover()
It took me a while to figure this out too. url_for
in Flask looks for endpoints that you specified in the routes.py
script.
So if you have a decorator in your routes.py
file like @blah.route('/folder.subfolder')
then Flask will recognize the command {{ url_for('folder.subfolder') , filename = "some_image.jpg" }}
. The 'folder.subfolder'
argument sends it to a Flask endpoint it recognizes.
However let us say that you stored your image file, some_image.jpg
, in your subfolder, BUT did not specify this subfolder as a route endpoint in your flask routes.py
, your route decorator looks like @blah.routes('/folder')
. You then have to ask for your image file this way:
{{ url_for('folder'), filename = 'subfolder/some_image.jpg' }}
I.E. you tell Flask to go to the endpoint it knows, "folder", then direct it from there by putting the subdirectory path in the filename argument.
flask.Flask.run
accepts additional keyword arguments (**options
) that it forwards to werkzeug.serving.run_simple
- two of those arguments are threaded
(a boolean) and processes
(which you can set to a number greater than one to have werkzeug spawn more than one process to handle requests).
threaded
defaults to True
as of Flask 1.0, so for the latest versions of Flask, the default development server will be able to serve multiple clients simultaneously by default. For older versions of Flask, you can explicitly pass threaded=True
to enable this behaviour.
For example, you can do
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(threaded=True)
to handle multiple clients using threads in a way compatible with old Flask versions, or
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(threaded=False, processes=3)
to tell Werkzeug to spawn three processes to handle incoming requests, or just
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run()
to handle multiple clients using threads if you know that you will be using Flask 1.0 or later.
That being said, Werkzeug's serving.run_simple
wraps the standard library's wsgiref
package - and that package contains a reference implementation of WSGI, not a production-ready web server. If you are going to use Flask in production (assuming that "production" is not a low-traffic internal application with no more than 10 concurrent users) make sure to stand it up behind a real web server (see the section of Flask's docs entitled Deployment Options for some suggested methods).
index.html (index.html should be in templates folder)
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>The jQuery Example</title>
<h2>jQuery-AJAX in FLASK. Execute function on button click</h2>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.3/jquery.min.js"> </script>
<script type=text/javascript> $(function() { $("#mybutton").click(function (event) { $.getJSON('/SomeFunction', { },
function(data) { }); return false; }); }); </script>
</head>
<body>
<input type = "button" id = "mybutton" value = "Click Here" />
</body>
</html>
test.py
from flask import Flask, jsonify, render_template, request
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def index():
return render_template('index.html')
@app.route('/SomeFunction')
def SomeFunction():
print('In SomeFunction')
return "Nothing"
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run()
The form
tag needs some attributes set:
action
: The URL that the form data is sent to on submit. Generate it with url_for
. It can be omitted if the same URL handles showing the form and processing the data.method="post"
: Submits the data as form data with the POST method. If not given, or explicitly set to get
, the data is submitted in the query string (request.args
) with the GET method instead.enctype="multipart/form-data"
: When the form contains file inputs, it must have this encoding set, otherwise the files will not be uploaded and Flask won't see them.The input
tag needs a name
parameter.
Add a view to handle the submitted data, which is in request.form
under the same key as the input's name
. Any file inputs will be in request.files
.
@app.route('/handle_data', methods=['POST'])
def handle_data():
projectpath = request.form['projectFilepath']
# your code
# return a response
Set the form's action
to that view's URL using url_for
:
<form action="{{ url_for('handle_data') }}" method="post">
<input type="text" name="projectFilepath">
<input type="submit">
</form>
Give your two buttons the same name and different values:
<input type="submit" name="submit_button" value="Do Something">
<input type="submit" name="submit_button" value="Do Something Else">
Then in your Flask view function you can tell which button was used to submit the form:
def contact():
if request.method == 'POST':
if request.form['submit_button'] == 'Do Something':
pass # do something
elif request.form['submit_button'] == 'Do Something Else':
pass # do something else
else:
pass # unknown
elif request.method == 'GET':
return render_template('contact.html', form=form)
If any one's trying to fetch all headers that were passed then just simply use:
dict(request.headers)
it gives you all the headers in a dict from which you can actually do whatever ops you want to. In my use case I had to forward all headers to another API since the python API was a proxy
It has some interesting behaviour in some cases that is good to be aware of:
from werkzeug.datastructures import MultiDict
d = MultiDict([("ex1", ""), ("ex2", None)])
d.get("ex1", "alternive")
# returns: ''
d.get("ex2", "alternative")
# returns no visible output of any kind
# It is returning literally None, so if you do:
d.get("ex2", "alternative") is None
# it returns: True
d.get("ex3", "alternative")
# returns: 'alternative'
Unless you want to do something more complicated, feeding data from a HTML form into Flask is pretty easy.
my_form_post
).request.form
.templates/my-form.html
:
<form method="POST">
<input name="text">
<input type="submit">
</form>
from flask import Flask, request, render_template
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def my_form():
return render_template('my-form.html')
@app.route('/', methods=['POST'])
def my_form_post():
text = request.form['text']
processed_text = text.upper()
return processed_text
This is the Flask documentation about accessing request data.
If you need more complicated forms that need validation then you can take a look at WTForms and how to integrate them with Flask.
Note: unless you have any other restrictions, you don't really need JavaScript at all to send your data (although you can use it).
With:
global index_add_counter
You are not defining, just declaring so it's like saying there is a global index_add_counter
variable elsewhere, and not create a global called index_add_counter
. As you name don't exists, Python is telling you it can not import that name. So you need to simply remove the global
keyword and initialize your variable:
index_add_counter = 0
Now you can import it with:
from app import index_add_counter
The construction:
global index_add_counter
is used inside modules' definitions to force the interpreter to look for that name in the modules' scope, not in the definition one:
index_add_counter = 0
def test():
global index_add_counter # means: in this scope, use the global name
print(index_add_counter)
from the terminal u can simply say
expoort FLASK_APP=app_name.py
export FLASK_ENV=development
flask run
or in ur file
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(debug=True)
To answer to your second question. You can just hit the IP address of the machine that your flask app is running, e.g. 192.168.1.100
in a browser on different machine on the same network and you are there. Though, you will not be able to access it if you are on a different network. Firewalls or VLans can cause you problems with reaching your application.
If that computer has a public IP, then you can hit that IP from anywhere on the planet and you will be able to reach the app. Usually this might impose some configuration, since most of the public servers are behind some sort of router or firewall.
**get id from dic value. I got the result.try the below code**
get_abstracts = s.get_abstracts(session_id)
sessions = get_abstracts['sessions']
abs = {}
for a in get_abstracts['abstracts']:
a_session_id = a['session_id']
abs.setdefault(a_session_id,[]).append(a)
authors = {}
# print('authors')
# print(get_abstracts['authors'])
for au in get_abstracts['authors']:
# print(au)
au_abs_id = au['abs_id']
authors.setdefault(au_abs_id,[]).append(au)
**In jinja template**
{% for s in sessions %}
<h4><u>Session : {{ s.session_title}} - Hall : {{ s.session_hall}}</u></h4>
{% for a in abs[s.session_id] %}
<hr>
<p><b>Chief Author :</b> Dr. {{ a.full_name }}</p>
{% for au in authors[a.abs_id] %}
<p><b> {{ au.role }} :</b> Dr.{{ au.full_name }}</p>
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}
You must create your template files in the correct location; in the templates
subdirectory next to the python module (== the module where you create your Flask app).
The error indicates that there is no home.html
file in the templates/
directory. Make sure you created that directory in the same directory as your python module, and that you did in fact put a home.html
file in that subdirectory. If your app is a package, the templates folder should be created inside the package.
myproject/
app.py
templates/
home.html
myproject/
mypackage/
__init__.py
templates/
home.html
Alternatively, if you named your templates folder something other than templates
and don't want to rename it to the default, you can tell Flask to use that other directory.
app = Flask(__name__, template_folder='template') # still relative to module
You can ask Flask to explain how it tried to find a given template, by setting the EXPLAIN_TEMPLATE_LOADING
option to True
. For every template loaded, you'll get a report logged to the Flask app.logger
, at level INFO
.
This is what it looks like when a search is successful; in this example the foo/bar.html
template extends the base.html
template, so there are two searches:
[2019-06-15 16:03:39,197] INFO in debughelpers: Locating template "foo/bar.html":
1: trying loader of application "flaskpackagename"
class: jinja2.loaders.FileSystemLoader
encoding: 'utf-8'
followlinks: False
searchpath:
- /.../project/flaskpackagename/templates
-> found ('/.../project/flaskpackagename/templates/foo/bar.html')
[2019-06-15 16:03:39,203] INFO in debughelpers: Locating template "base.html":
1: trying loader of application "flaskpackagename"
class: jinja2.loaders.FileSystemLoader
encoding: 'utf-8'
followlinks: False
searchpath:
- /.../project/flaskpackagename/templates
-> found ('/.../project/flaskpackagename/templates/base.html')
Blueprints can register their own template directories too, but this is not a requirement if you are using blueprints to make it easier to split a larger project across logical units. The main Flask app template directory is always searched first even when using additional paths per blueprint.
Might as well make this an answer. I had the same issue today and it was more of a non-issue than expected. After adding the CORS functionality, you must restart your Flask server (ctrl + c
-> python manage.py runserver
, or whichever method you use)) in order for the change to take effect, even if the code is correct. Otherwise the CORS will not work in the active instance.
Here's how it looks like for me and it works (Python 3.6.1, Flask 0.12):
factory.py:
from flask import Flask
from flask_cors import CORS # This is the magic
def create_app(register_stuffs=True):
"""Configure the app and views"""
app = Flask(__name__)
CORS(app) # This makes the CORS feature cover all routes in the app
if register_stuffs:
register_views(app)
return app
def register_views(app):
"""Setup the base routes for various features."""
from backend.apps.api.views import ApiView
ApiView.register(app, route_base="/api/v1.0/")
views.py:
from flask import jsonify
from flask_classy import FlaskView, route
class ApiView(FlaskView):
@route("/", methods=["GET"])
def index(self):
return "API v1.0"
@route("/stuff", methods=["GET", "POST"])
def news(self):
return jsonify({
"stuff": "Here be stuff"
})
In my React app console.log:
Sending request:
GET /stuff
With parameters:
null
bundle.js:17316 Received data from Api:
{"stuff": "Here be stuff"}
Here's an example of parsing posted JSON data and echoing it back.
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/foo', methods=['POST'])
def foo():
data = request.json
return jsonify(data)
To post JSON with curl:
curl -i -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST -d '{"userId":"1", "username": "fizz bizz"}' http://localhost:5000/foo
Or to use Postman:
In addition to using pure threads or the Celery queue (note that flask-celery is no longer required), you could also have a look at flask-apscheduler:
https://github.com/viniciuschiele/flask-apscheduler
A simple example copied from https://github.com/viniciuschiele/flask-apscheduler/blob/master/examples/jobs.py:
from flask import Flask
from flask_apscheduler import APScheduler
class Config(object):
JOBS = [
{
'id': 'job1',
'func': 'jobs:job1',
'args': (1, 2),
'trigger': 'interval',
'seconds': 10
}
]
SCHEDULER_API_ENABLED = True
def job1(a, b):
print(str(a) + ' ' + str(b))
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(Config())
scheduler = APScheduler()
# it is also possible to enable the API directly
# scheduler.api_enabled = True
scheduler.init_app(app)
scheduler.start()
app.run()
The ideal way to go about getting pretty much any Python object into a JavaScript object is to use JSON. JSON is great as a format for transfer between systems, but sometimes we forget that it stands for JavaScript Object Notation. This means that injecting JSON into the template is the same as injecting JavaScript code that describes the object.
Flask provides a Jinja filter for this: tojson
dumps the structure to a JSON string and marks it safe so that Jinja does not autoescape it.
<html>
<head>
<script>
var myGeocode = {{ geocode|tojson }};
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p>Hello World</p>
<button onclick="alert('Geocode: ' + myGeocode[0] + ' ' + myGeocode[1])" />
</body>
</html>
This works for any Python structure that is JSON serializable:
python_data = {
'some_list': [4, 5, 6],
'nested_dict': {'foo': 7, 'bar': 'a string'}
}
var data = {{ python_data|tojson }};
alert('Data: ' + data.some_list[1] + ' ' + data.nested_dict.foo +
' ' + data.nested_dict.bar);
If you don't want _id
in response, you can refactor your code something like this:
jsonResponse = getResponse(mock_data)
del jsonResponse['_id'] # removes '_id' from the final response
return jsonResponse
This will remove the TypeError: ObjectId('') is not JSON serializable
error.
You can use simple trick which is import flask app variable from main inside another file, like:
test-routes.py
from __main__ import app
@app.route('/test', methods=['GET'])
def test():
return 'it works!'
and in your main files, where you declared flask app, import test-routes, like:
app.py
from flask import Flask, request, abort
app = Flask(__name__)
# import declared routes
import test-routes
It works from my side.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QjtW-wnXlUY&t=38s
Follow as in the url
This is how i do : 1) create an app.py in Sublime Text or Pycharm, or whatever the ide, and in that app.py have this code
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def helloWorld():
return'<h1>Hello!</h1>'
This is a very basic program to printout a hello , to test flask is working.I would advise to create app.py in a new folder, then locate where the folder is on command prompt enter image description here type in these line of codes on command prompt
>py -m venv env
>env\Scripts\activate
>pip install flask
Then
>set FLASK_APP=app.py
>flask run
Then press enter all will work
The name of my file is app.py, give the relevant name as per your file in code line
set FLASK_APP=app.py
Also if your python path is not set, in windows python is in AppData folder its hidden, so first have to view it and set the correct path under environment variables. This is how you reach environment variables
Control panel ->> system and security ->> system ->> advanced system setting
Then in system properties you get environment variables
If this webserver is only for testing and demoing purposes. You can use ngrok, a open source too that tunnels your http traffic.
Bascially ngrok creates a public URL (both http and https) and then tunnels the traffic to whatever port your Flask process is running on.
It only takes a couple minutes to set up. You first have to download the software. Then run the command
./ngrok http [port number your python process is running on]
It will then open up a window in terminal giving you both an http and https url to access your web app.
try to use absolute url. if it not works, check if service's response has headers:
Access-Control-Allow-Origin and Access-Control-Allow-Headers
for example:
"Access-Control-Allow-Origin": "*"
"Access-Control-Allow-Headers": "Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept"
In jinja2 templates (which flask uses), use
href="{{ url_for('static', filename='mainpage.css')}}"
The static
files are usually in the static
folder, though, unless configured otherwise.
You can do this,
User.query.filter_by(id=123).delete()
or
User.query.filter(User.id == 123).delete()
Make sure to commit
for delete()
to take effect.
Try deleting the virtualenv you created. Then create a new virtualenv with:
virtualenv flask
Then:
cd flask
Now let's activate the virtualenv
source bin/activate
Now you should see (flask)
on the left of the command line.
Edit: In windows there is no "source" that's a linux thing, instead execute the activate.bat file, here I do it using Powershell: PS C:\DEV\aProject> & .\Flask\Scripts\activate
)
Let's install flask:
pip install flask
Then create a file named hello.py
(NOTE: see UPDATE Flask 1.0.2
below):
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/")
def hello():
return "Hello World!"
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run()
and run it with:
python hello.py
UPDATE Flask 1.0.2
With the new flask release there is no need to run the app from your script. hello.py
should look like this now:
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/")
def hello():
return "Hello World!"
and run it with:
FLASK_APP=hello.py flask run
Make sure to be inside the folder where hello.py
is when running the latest command.
All the steps before the creation of the hello.py apply for this case as well
Thought of sharing.... this example.
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/loading/')
def hello_world():
data = open('sample.html').read()
return data
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(host='0.0.0.0')
This works better and simple.
Add below lines to your project
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.debug = True
app.run(host = '0.0.0.0',port=5005)
Activate the virtualenv, and then install BeautifulSoup4:
$ pip install BeautifulSoup4
When you installed bs4
with easy_install
, you installed it system-wide. So your system python can import it, but not your virtualenv python.
If you do not need bs4
to be installed in your system python path, uninstall it and keep it in your virtualenv.
For more information about virtualenvs, read this
In my case, the problem was that I sorrounded my columns selection with parenthesis by mistake:
SELECT (p.column1, p.colum2, p.column3) FROM table1 p where p.column1 = 1;
And has to be:
SELECT p.column1, p.colum2, p.column3 FROM table1 p where p.column1 = 1;
Sounds silly, but it was causing this error and it took some time to figure it out.
if I want to revert the container I can try to commit an image, and then later delete the container, and create a new container from the committed image. But if I do that the volume gets deleted and all my data is gone
As the docker user guide explains, data volumes are meant to persist data outside of a container filesystem. This also ease the sharing of data between multiple containers.
While Docker will never delete data in volumes (unless you delete the associated container with docker rm -v
), volumes that are not referenced by any docker container are called dangling volumes. Those dangling volumes are difficult to get rid of and difficult to access.
This means that as soon as the last container using a volume is deleted, the data volume becomes dangling and its content difficult to acess.
In order to prevent those dangling volumes, the trick is to create an additional docker container using the data volume you want to remain ; so that there will always be at least that docker container referencing the volume. This way you can delete the docker container running the wordpress app without losing the ease of access to that data volume content.
Such containers are called data volume containers.
There must be some simple way to back up my container plus volume data but I can't find it anywhere.
To backup docker images, use the docker save command that will produce a tar archive that can be used later on to create a new docker image with the docker load command.
You can backup a docker container by different means
Be aware that those commands will only backup the docker container layered file system. This excludes the data volumes.
To backup a data volume you can run a new container using the volume you want to backup and executing the tar command to produce an archive of the volume content as described in the docker user guide.
In your particular case, the data volume is used to store the data for a MySQL server. So if you want to export a tar archive for this volume, you will need to stop the MySQL server first. To do so you will have to stop the wordpress container.
An other way is to remotely connect to the MySQL server to produce a database dump with the mysqldump command. However in order for this to work, your MySQL server must be configured to accept remote connections and also have a user who is allowed to connect remotely. This might not be the case with the wordpress docker image you are using.
Docker recently introduced Docker volume plugins which allow to delegate the handling of volumes to plugins implemented by vendors.
The docker run
command has a new behavior for the -v
option. It is now possible to pass it a volume name. Volumes created in that way are named and easy to reference later on, easing the issues with dangling volumes.
Docker introduced the docker volume prune
command to delete all dangling volumes easily.
I will recommend you not to use any third party libraries for auto fetch OTP from SMS Inbox. This can be done easily if you have basic understanding of Broadcast Receiver and how it works. Just Try following approach :
Step 1) Create single interface i.e SmsListner
package com.wnrcorp.reba;
public interface SmsListener{
public void messageReceived(String messageText);}
Step 2) Create single Broadcast Receiver i.e SmsReceiver
package com.wnrcorp.reba;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.SmsMessage;
public class SmsReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
private static SmsListener mListener;
Boolean b;
String abcd,xyz;
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Bundle data = intent.getExtras();
Object[] pdus = (Object[]) data.get("pdus");
for(int i=0;i<pdus.length;i++){
SmsMessage smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);
String sender = smsMessage.getDisplayOriginatingAddress();
// b=sender.endsWith("WNRCRP"); //Just to fetch otp sent from WNRCRP
String messageBody = smsMessage.getMessageBody();
abcd=messageBody.replaceAll("[^0-9]",""); // here abcd contains otp
which is in number format
//Pass on the text to our listener.
if(b==true) {
mListener.messageReceived(abcd); // attach value to interface
object
}
else
{
}
}
}
public static void bindListener(SmsListener listener) {
mListener = listener;
}
}
Step 3) Add Listener i.e broadcast receiver in android manifest file
<receiver android:name=".SmsReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
and add permission
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/>
Final Step 4) The activity where you going to auto fetch otp when it is received in inbox. In my case I'm fetching otp and setting on edittext field.
public class OtpVerificationActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
EditText ed;
TextView tv;
String otp_generated,contactNo,id1;
GlobalData gd = new GlobalData();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_otp_verification);
ed=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.otp);
tv=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.verify_otp);
/*This is important because this will be called every time you receive
any sms */
SmsReceiver.bindListener(new SmsListener() {
@Override
public void messageReceived(String messageText) {
ed.setText(messageText);
}
});
tv.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
try
{
InputMethodManager imm=
(InputMethodManager)getSystemService(INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(getCurrentFocus().getWindowToken(),0);
}
catch(Exception e)
{}
if (ed.getText().toString().equals(otp_generated))
{
Toast.makeText(OtpVerificationActivity.this, "OTP Verified
Successfully !", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
}
Layout File for OtpVerificationActivity
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/activity_otp_verification"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context="com.wnrcorp.reba.OtpVerificationActivity">
<android.support.v7.widget.CardView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/firstcard"
xmlns:card_view="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
card_view:cardCornerRadius="10dp"
>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="@android:color/white">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="OTP Confirmation"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:id="@+id/dialogTitle"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:layout_gravity="center"
/>
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/otp"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:hint="OTP Here"
/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Verify"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:id="@+id/verify_otp"
android:gravity="center"
android:padding="10dp"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:visibility="visible"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:background="@color/colorPrimary"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
/>
</LinearLayout>
</android.support.v7.widget.CardView>
</RelativeLayout>
Screenshots for OTP Verification Activity where you fetch OTP as soons as messages received
When setting the date, the date converts to milliseconds, so you need to convert it back to a date:
This method also take into consideration, new year change etc.
function addDays( date, days ) {
var dateInMs = date.setDate(date.getDate() - days);
return new Date(dateInMs);
}
var date_from = new Date();
var date_to = addDays( new Date(), parseInt(days) );
You could fire an event into the quit() slot of your application even without connect(). This way, the event-loop does at least one turn and should process the events within your main()-logic:
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QTimer>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QCoreApplication app( argc, argv );
// do your thing, once
QTimer::singleShot( 0, &app, &QCoreApplication::quit );
return app.exec();
}
Don't forget to place CONFIG += console
in your .pro-file, or set consoleApplication: true
in your .qbs Project.CppApplication.
if you want to list all the containers name with the relevant volumes that attached to each container you can try this:
docker ps -q | xargs docker container inspect -f '{{ .Name }} {{ .HostConfig.Binds }}'
example output:
/opt_rundeck_1 [/opt/var/lib/mysql:/var/lib/mysql:rw /var/lib/rundeck/var/storage:/var/lib/rundeck/var/storage:rw /opt/var/rundeck/.ssh:/var/lib/rundeck/.ssh:rw /opt/etc/rundeck:/etc/rundeck:rw /var/log/rundeck:/var/log/rundeck:rw /opt/rundeck-plugins:/opt/rundeck-plugins:rw /opt/var/rundeck:/var/rundeck:rw]
/opt_rundeck_1 - container name
[..] - volumes attached to the conatiner
As per the author, they want to create a script in the head, not a link to a script file. Also, to avoid complications from jQuery (which provides little useful functionality in this case), vanilla javascript is likely the better option.
That may possibly be done as such:
var script = document.createTextNode("<script>alert('Hi!');</script>");
document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(script);
There's two ways to say "don't match": character ranges, and zero-width negative lookahead/lookbehind.
The former: don't match a
, b
, c
or 0
: [^a-c0]
The latter: match any three-letter string except foo
and bar
:
(?!foo|bar).{3}
or
.{3}(?<!foo|bar)
Also, a correction for you: *
, ?
and +
do not actually match anything. They are repetition operators, and always follow a matching operator. Thus, a+
means match one or more of a
, [a-c0]+
means match one or more of a
, b
, c
or 0
, while [^a-c0]+
would match one or more of anything that wasn't a
, b
, c
or 0
.
I faced a case where I had to use std::unique_ptr<bool[]>
, which was in the HDF5 library (A library for efficient binary data storage, used a lot in science). Some compilers (Visual Studio 2015 in my case) provide compression of std::vector<bool>
(by using 8 bools in every byte), which is a catastrophe for something like HDF5, which doesn't care about that compression. With std::vector<bool>
, HDF5 was eventually reading garbage because of that compression.
Guess who was there for the rescue, in a case where std::vector
didn't work, and I needed to allocate a dynamic array cleanly? :-)
This is what may be happening, if the value of item.photo
is undefined then item.photo != ''
will always show as true. And if you think logically it actually makes sense, item.photo
is not an empty string (so this condition comes true) since it is undefined
.
Now for people who are trying to check if the value of input is empty or not in Angular 6, can go by this approach.
Lets say this is the input field -
<input type="number" id="myTextBox" name="myTextBox"_x000D_
[(ngModel)]="response.myTextBox"_x000D_
#myTextBox="ngModel">
_x000D_
To check if the field is empty or not this should be the script.
<div *ngIf="!myTextBox.value" style="color:red;">_x000D_
Your field is empty_x000D_
</div>
_x000D_
Do note the subtle difference between the above answer and this answer. I have added an additional attribute .value
after my input name myTextBox
.
I don't know if the above answer worked for above version of Angular, but for Angular 6 this is how it should be done.
You cannot change the style of a page displayed in an iframe unless you have direct access and therefore ownership of the source html and/or css files.
This is to stop XSS (Cross Site Scripting)
This works with multiple statements:
if condition1 Then stmt1:stmt2 Else if condition2 Then stmt3:stmt4 Else stmt5:stmt6
Or you can split it over multiple lines:
if condition1 Then stmt1:stmt2
Else if condition2 Then stmt3:stmt4
Else stmt5:stmt6
Highlight the cells, format cells, select Custom then select zero.
You can use simple trick which is import flask app variable from main inside another file, like:
test-routes.py
from __main__ import app
@app.route('/test', methods=['GET'])
def test():
return 'it works!'
and in your main files, where you declared flask app, import test-routes, like:
app.py
from flask import Flask, request, abort
app = Flask(__name__)
# import declared routes
import test-routes
It works from my side.
You need to add in the seconds, too:
unsigned long time_in_micros = 1000000 * tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_usec;
Note that this will only last for about 232/106 =~ 4295 seconds, or roughly 71 minutes though (on a typical 32-bit system).
$s = '07:05:45PM';
$tarr = explode(':', $s);
if(strpos( $s, 'AM') === false && $tarr[0] !== '12'){
$tarr[0] = $tarr[0] + 12;
}elseif(strpos( $s, 'PM') === false && $tarr[0] == '12'){
$tarr[0] = '00';
}
echo preg_replace("/[^0-9 :]/", '', implode(':', $tarr));
You can just use the Select()
extension method:
IEnumerable<int> integers = new List<int>() { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
IEnumerable<string> strings = integers.Select(i => i.ToString());
Or in LINQ syntax:
IEnumerable<int> integers = new List<int>() { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
var strings = from i in integers
select i.ToString();
In my case, I had poorly formed HTML. The link was within a <u>
tag, and not a <ul>
tag.
Just use CSS to increase it's height:
<input type="text" style="height:30px;" name="item" align="left" />
Or, often times, you want to increase it's height by using padding instead of specifying an exact height:
<input type="text" style="padding: 5px;" name="item" align="left" />
there is a quite near solution (do not fix all Paste ways) but most of them:
It works for inputs as well as for textareas:
<input type="text" ... >
<textarea ... >...</textarea>
Do like this:
<input type="text" ... onkeyup="JavaScript: ControlChanges()" onmouseup="JavaScript: ControlChanges()" >
<textarea ... onkeyup="JavaScript: ControlChanges()" onmouseup="JavaScript: ControlChanges()" >...</textarea>
As i said, not all ways to Paste fire an event on all browsers... worst some do not fire any event at all, but Timers are horrible to be used for such.
But most of Paste ways are done with keyboard and/or mouse, so normally an onkeyup or onmouseup are fired after a paste, also onkeyup is fired when typing on keyboard.
Ensure yor check code does not take much time... otherwise user get a poor impresion.
Yes, the trick is to fire on key and on mouse... but beware both can be fired, so take in mind such!!!
I tried changing the repository list with:
http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main universe http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic main restricted universe
But none of them seem to work, but I finally found a repository that works running the following command
add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
And then updating and installing normally the package using apt-get
As you can see it's installed at last.
Yes. It is possible :D
SELECT SUM(totalHours) totalHours
FROM
(
select sum(hours) totalHours from resource
UNION ALL
select sum(hours) totalHours from projects-time
) s
As a sidenote, the tablename projects-time
must be delimited to avoid syntax error. Delimiter symbols vary on RDBMS you are using.
/** Count max number of nonempty cells in sheet rows */
private int getColumnsCount(XSSFSheet xssfSheet) {
int result = 0;
Iterator<Row> rowIterator = xssfSheet.iterator();
while (rowIterator.hasNext()) {
Row row = rowIterator.next();
List<Cell> cells = new ArrayList<>();
Iterator<Cell> cellIterator = row.cellIterator();
while (cellIterator.hasNext()) {
cells.add(cellIterator.next());
}
for (int i = cells.size(); i >= 0; i--) {
Cell cell = cells.get(i-1);
if (cell.toString().trim().isEmpty()) {
cells.remove(i-1);
} else {
result = cells.size() > result ? cells.size() : result;
break;
}
}
}
return result;
}
copy mysql-connector-java-5.1.24-bin.jar
Paste it into \Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 6.0\lib\<--here-->
Restart Your Server from Eclipes.
Done
If you want difference of two timestamp into total days,hours and minutes only, not in months and years .
var now = "01/08/2016 15:00:00";
var then = "04/02/2016 14:20:30";
var diff = moment.duration(moment(then).diff(moment(now)));
diff contains 2 months,23 days,23 hours and 20 minutes. But we need result only in days,hours and minutes so the simple solution is:
var days = parseInt(diff.asDays()); //84
var hours = parseInt(diff.asHours()); //2039 hours, but it gives total hours in given miliseconds which is not expacted.
hours = hours - days*24; // 23 hours
var minutes = parseInt(diff.asMinutes()); //122360 minutes,but it gives total minutes in given miliseconds which is not expacted.
minutes = minutes - (days*24*60 + hours*60); //20 minutes.
Final result will be : 84 days, 23 hours, 20 minutes.
Others have mentioned the relevel
command which is the best solution if you want to change the base level for all analyses on your data (or are willing to live with changing the data).
If you don't want to change the data (this is a one time change, but in the future you want the default behavior again), then you can use a combination of the C
(note uppercase) function to set contrasts and the contr.treatments
function with the base argument for choosing which level you want to be the baseline.
For example:
lm( Sepal.Width ~ C(Species,contr.treatment(3, base=2)), data=iris )
You should set responseType: ResponseContentType.Blob
in your GET-Request settings, because so you can get your image as blob and convert it later da base64-encoded source. You code above is not good. If you would like to do this correctly, then create separate service to get images from API. Beacuse it ism't good to call HTTP-Request in components.
Here is an working example:
Create image.service.ts
and put following code:
Angular 4:
getImage(imageUrl: string): Observable<File> {
return this.http
.get(imageUrl, { responseType: ResponseContentType.Blob })
.map((res: Response) => res.blob());
}
Angular 5+:
getImage(imageUrl: string): Observable<Blob> {
return this.httpClient.get(imageUrl, { responseType: 'blob' });
}
Important: Since Angular 5+ you should use the new HttpClient
.
The new HttpClient
returns JSON by default. If you need other response type, so you can specify that by setting responseType: 'blob'
. Read more about that here.
Now you need to create some function in your image.component.ts
to get image and show it in html.
For creating an image from Blob you need to use JavaScript's FileReader
.
Here is function which creates new FileReader
and listen to FileReader's load-Event. As result this function returns base64-encoded image, which you can use in img src-attribute:
imageToShow: any;
createImageFromBlob(image: Blob) {
let reader = new FileReader();
reader.addEventListener("load", () => {
this.imageToShow = reader.result;
}, false);
if (image) {
reader.readAsDataURL(image);
}
}
Now you should use your created ImageService
to get image from api. You should to subscribe to data and give this data to createImageFromBlob
-function. Here is an example function:
getImageFromService() {
this.isImageLoading = true;
this.imageService.getImage(yourImageUrl).subscribe(data => {
this.createImageFromBlob(data);
this.isImageLoading = false;
}, error => {
this.isImageLoading = false;
console.log(error);
});
}
Now you can use your imageToShow
-variable in HTML template like this:
<img [src]="imageToShow"
alt="Place image title"
*ngIf="!isImageLoading; else noImageFound">
<ng-template #noImageFound>
<img src="fallbackImage.png" alt="Fallbackimage">
</ng-template>
I hope this description is clear to understand and you can use it in your project.
See the working example for Angular 5+ here.
"
is the correct way, the third of your tests:
<option value=""asd">test</option>
You can see this working below, or on jsFiddle.
alert($("option")[0].value);
_x000D_
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>_x000D_
<select>_x000D_
<option value=""asd">Test</option>_x000D_
</select>
_x000D_
Alternatively, you can delimit the attribute value with single quotes:
<option value='"asd'>test</option>
You can find some examples of this here, here (code is taken here), and here.
You can create a POJO class for this, but you need to add some extra code to make it Parcelable
. Have a look at the implementation.
public class Student implements Parcelable{
private String id;
private String name;
private String grade;
// Constructor
public Student(String id, String name, String grade){
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.grade = grade;
}
// Getter and setter methods
.........
.........
// Parcelling part
public Student(Parcel in){
String[] data = new String[3];
in.readStringArray(data);
// the order needs to be the same as in writeToParcel() method
this.id = data[0];
this.name = data[1];
this.grade = data[2];
}
@?verride
public int describeContents(){
return 0;
}
@Override
public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
dest.writeStringArray(new String[] {this.id,
this.name,
this.grade});
}
public static final Parcelable.Creator CREATOR = new Parcelable.Creator() {
public Student createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
return new Student(in);
}
public Student[] newArray(int size) {
return new Student[size];
}
};
}
Once you have created this class, you can easily pass objects of this class through the Intent
like this, and recover this object in the target activity.
intent.putExtra("student", new Student("1","Mike","6"));
Here, the student is the key which you would require to unparcel the data from the bundle.
Bundle data = getIntent().getExtras();
Student student = (Student) data.getParcelable("student");
This example shows only String
types. But, you can parcel any kind of data you want. Try it out.
EDIT: Another example, suggested by Rukmal Dias.
Firstly, why doesn't your solution work. You mix up a lot of concepts. Mostly character class with other ones. In the first character class you use |
which stems from alternation. In character classes you don't need the pipe. Just list all characters (and character ranges) you want:
[Uu]
Or simply write u
if you use the case-insensitive modifier. If you write a pipe there, the character class will actually match pipes in your subject string.
Now in the second character class you use the comma to separate your characters for some odd reason. That does also nothing but include commas into the matchable characters. s
and W
are probably supposed to be the built-in character classes. Then escape them! Otherwise they will just match literal s
and literal W
. But then \W
already includes everything else you listed there, so a \W
alone (without square brackets) would have been enough. And the last part (^a-zA-Z)
also doesn't work, because it will simply include ^
, (
, )
and all letters into the character class. The negation syntax only works for entire character classes like [^a-zA-Z]
.
What you actually want is to assert that there is no letter in front or after your u
. You can use lookarounds for that. The advantage is that they won't be included in the match and thus won't be removed:
r'(?<![a-zA-Z])[uU](?![a-zA-Z])'
Note that I used a raw string. Is generally good practice for regular expressions, to avoid problems with escape sequences.
These are negative lookarounds that make sure that there is no letter character before or after your u
. This is an important difference to asserting that there is a non-letter character around (which is similar to what you did), because the latter approach won't work at the beginning or end of the string.
Of course, you can remove the spaces around you
from the replacement string.
If you don't want to replace u
that are next to digits, you can easily include the digits into the character classes:
r'(?<![a-zA-Z0-9])[uU](?![a-zA-Z0-9])'
And if for some reason an adjacent underscore would also disqualify your u
for replacement, you could include that as well. But then the character class coincides with the built-in \w
:
r'(?<!\w)[uU](?!\w)'
Which is, in this case, equivalent to EarlGray's r'\b[uU]\b'
.
As mentioned above you can shorten all of these, by using the case-insensitive modifier. Taking the first expression as an example:
re.sub(r'(?<![a-z])u(?![a-z])', 'you', text, flags=re.I)
or
re.sub(r'(?<![a-z])u(?![a-z])', 'you', text, flags=re.IGNORECASE)
depending on your preference.
I suggest that you do some reading through the tutorial I linked several times in this answer. The explanations are very comprehensive and should give you a good headstart on regular expressions, which you will probably encounter again sooner or later.
One interesting thing is multiple order by:
according to laravel docs:
DB::table('users')
->orderBy('priority', 'desc')
->orderBy('email', 'asc')
->get();
this means laravel will sort result based on priority
attribute. when it's done, it will order result with same priority
based on email
internally.
The second approach is best.
If you want to normalize it further you could create a table for question types
The simple things to do are:
We have had log tables in SQL Server Table with 10's of millions rows.
Using pure bash :
$ cat file.txt
US/Central - 10:26 PM (CST)
$ while read a b time x; do [[ $b == - ]] && echo $time; done < file.txt
another solution with bash regex :
$ [[ "US/Central - 10:26 PM (CST)" =~ -[[:space:]]*([0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}) ]] &&
echo ${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
another solution using grep
and look-around advanced regex :
$ echo "US/Central - 10:26 PM (CST)" | grep -oP "\-\s+\K\d{2}:\d{2}"
another solution using sed :
$ echo "US/Central - 10:26 PM (CST)" |
sed 's/.*\- *\([0-9]\{2\}:[0-9]\{2\}\).*/\1/'
another solution using perl :
$ echo "US/Central - 10:26 PM (CST)" |
perl -lne 'print $& if /\-\s+\K\d{2}:\d{2}/'
and last one using awk :
$ echo "US/Central - 10:26 PM (CST)" |
awk '{for (i=0; i<=NF; i++){if ($i == "-"){print $(i+1);exit}}}'
So if I wanted to return a first name and last name like: Hello Fred Gerbig I would use the code below, this code works but is it actually the most correct way to do it?
import sys
def main():
if len(sys.argv) >= 2:
fname = sys.argv[1]
lname = sys.argv[2]
else:
name = 'World'
print 'Hello', fname, lname
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Edit: Found that the above code works with 2 arguments but crashes with 1. Tried to set len to 3 but that did nothing, still crashes (re-read the other answers and now understand why the 3 did nothing). How do I bypass the arguments if only one is entered? Or how would error checking look that returned "You must enter 2 arguments"?
Edit 2: Got it figured out:
import sys
def main():
if len(sys.argv) >= 2:
name = sys.argv[1] + " " + sys.argv[2]
else:
name = 'World'
print 'Hello', name
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
It is possible to use the convert function here, but 36 characters are enough to hold the unique identifier value:
convert(nvarchar(36), requestID) as requestID
Added path to ~/.zshrc
sudo vi ~/.zshrc
add new path
export PATH="$PATH:[NEW_DIRECTORY]/bin"
Update ~/.zshrc
Save ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc
Check PATH
echo $PATH
You can also use the svnadmin hotcopy
command:
svnadmin hotcopy OLD_REPOS_PATH NEW_REPOS_PATH
It takes a full backup from repository, including all hooks, configuration files, etc.
Use (localdb)\MSSQLLocalDB
. That is the LocalDB instance intended for applications, independent of Visual Studio version.
Disregard my original answer: "With SQL Server 2014 Express LocalDB, use (localdb)\ProjectsV12
. This works in both Visual Studio 2013 and SQL Server 2014 Management Studio." While ProjectsV12 will indeed give you a LocalDB instance, it's the wrong one, intended for use by SQL Server Data Tools.
If you want to effect on the menu options for changing the locale immediately.You have to do like this.
//onCreate method calls only once when menu is called first time.
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
//1.Here you can add your locale settings .
//2.Your menu declaration.
}
//This method is called when your menu is opend to again....
@Override
public boolean onMenuOpened(int featureId, Menu menu) {
menu.clear();
onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
return super.onMenuOpened(featureId, menu);
}
There is no built-in functionality in VBS for that, however, you can use the FileSystemObject FileExists function for that :
Option Explicit
DIM fso
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
If (fso.FileExists("C:\Program Files\conf")) Then
WScript.Echo("File exists!")
WScript.Quit()
Else
WScript.Echo("File does not exist!")
End If
WScript.Quit()
This solution will give all employee name and salary who have second highest salary
SELECT name, salary
FROM employee
WHERE salary = (
SELECT
salary
FROM employee AS emp
ORDER BY salary DESC
LIMIT 1,1
);
Create a class and give it an __init__
method:
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, age, major):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.major = major
def is_old(self):
return self.age > 100
Now, you can initialize an instance of the Student
class:
>>> s = Student('John', 88, None)
>>> s.name
'John'
>>> s.age
88
Although I'm not sure why you need a make_student
student function if it does the same thing as Student.__init__
.
If you're open to using libraries, try installing forked-path (with either easy_install or pip).
Then you can do:
from path import path
s = path(filename).bytes()
This library is fairly new, but it's a fork of a library that's been floating around Python for years and has been used quite a bit. Since I found this library years ago, I very seldom use os.path
or open()
any more.
Maybe my answer is too late but this can help others.
You can enclose it with another select statement and use where clause to it.
SELECT * FROM (Select col1, col2,...) as t WHERE t.calcAlias > 0
calcAlias is the alias column that was calculated.
I think Todd is correct, but I think there's one other thing you should consider. You can reliably get the home directory from the JVM at runtime, and then you can create files objects relative to that location. It's not that much more trouble, and it's something you'll appreciate if you ever move to another computer or operating system.
File homedir = new File(System.getProperty("user.home"));
File fileToRead = new File(homedir, "java/ex.txt");
Use lsof -u `whoami` | wc -l
to find how many open files the user has
You must to set by this order:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="path/bootstrap.min.css">
<style type="text/css">
@font-face {
font-family: 'Glyphicons Halflings';
src: url('../fonts/glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot');
src: url('../fonts/glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('../fonts/glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff') format('woff'), url('../fonts/glyphicons-halflings-regular.ttf') format('truetype'), url('../fonts/glyphicons-halflings-regular.svg#glyphicons-halflingsregular') format('svg');
}
</style>
Warning "deprecated" in general means that you are trying to use function that is outdated. It doeasnt mean thaqt your code wont work, but you should consider refactoring.
In your case functons mysql_ are deprecated. If you want to know more about that here is good explanation already : Why shouldn't I use mysql_* functions in PHP?
Pipe the content of your
Get-ChildItem -recurse | Get-Content | Select-String -pattern "dummy"
to fl *
You will see that the path is already being returned as a property of the objects.
IF you want just the path, use select path
or select -unique path
to remove duplicates:
Get-ChildItem -recurse | Get-Content | Select-String -pattern "dummy" | select -unique path
I got this error because I tried to rename a sheet with too many characters
$("#table tr").click(function(){
$(this).addClass('selected').siblings().removeClass('selected');
var value=$(this).find('td:first').html();
alert(value);
});
$('.ok').on('click', function(e){
alert($("#table tr.selected td:first").html());
});
Demo:
Look at the WAITFOR command.
E.g.
-- wait for 1 minute
WAITFOR DELAY '00:01'
-- wait for 1 second
WAITFOR DELAY '00:00:01'
This command allows you a high degree of precision but is only accurate within 10ms - 16ms on a typical machine as it relies on GetTickCount. So, for example, the call WAITFOR DELAY '00:00:00:001'
is likely to result in no wait at all.
Also one can use this:
{% if forloop.first %}
or
{% if forloop.last %}
In case you are using Intellij Idea IDE, you could just use the compare option in the branch.
There is no error when I use your code,
but I am calling the hasLetter
method like this:
hasLetter("a",words);
Use onClick event to clear value of target input, each time user clicks on field. This ensures that the onChange event will be triggered for the same file as well. Worked for me :)
onInputClick = (event) => {
event.target.value = ''
}
<input type="file" onChange={onFileChanged} onClick={onInputClick} />
Using TypeScript
onInputClick = ( event: React.MouseEvent<HTMLInputElement, MouseEvent>) => {
const element = event.target as HTMLInputElement
element.value = ''
}
You can use ORDER BY
clause to sort data rows by values in columns. Something like
=QUERY(responses!A1:K; "Select C, D, E where B contains '2nd Web Design' Order By C, D")
If you’d like to order by some columns descending, others ascending, you can add desc
/asc
, ie:
=QUERY(responses!A1:K; "Select C, D, E where B contains '2nd Web Design' Order By C desc, D")
If you are using grunt to build your application, it's possible that during build the paths change. In this case you need to modify your grunt file like this:
copy: {
main: {
files: [{
src: ['fonts/**'],
dest: 'dist/fonts/',
filter: 'isFile',
expand: true,
flatten: true
}, {
src: ['bower_components/font-awesome/fonts/**'],
dest: 'dist/css/',
filter: 'isFile',
expand: true,
flatten: false
}]
}
},
The case (single page style) for browser history
HttpContext.Request.UrlReferrer
Now: Check if there is no errors suggesting it can be a plugin (any plugin) that has something to do with tests.
In my case:
Spent few hours on trying to guess it!.
Try :
class round{
public static void main(String args[]){
double a = 123.13698;
double roundOff = Math.round(a*100)/100;
String.format("%.3f", roundOff); //%.3f defines decimal precision you want
System.out.println(roundOff); }}
If the value of a disabled textbox needs to be retained when a form is cleared (reset), disabled = "disabled"
has to be used, as read-only textbox will not retain the value
For Example:
HTML
Textbox
<input type="text" id="disabledText" name="randombox" value="demo" disabled="disabled" />
Reset button
<button type="reset" id="clearButton">Clear</button>
In the above example, when Clear button is pressed, disabled text value will be retained in the form. Value will not be retained in the case of input type = "text" readonly="readonly"
This question is tagged python-2.x
so it didn't seem right to tamper with the original question, or the accepted answer. However, Python 2 is now unsupported, and this question still has good google juice for "python csv urllib", so here's an updated Python 3 solution.
It's now necessary to decode urlopen
's response (in bytes) into a valid local encoding, so the accepted answer has to be modified slightly:
import csv, urllib.request
url = 'http://winterolympicsmedals.com/medals.csv'
response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
lines = [l.decode('utf-8') for l in response.readlines()]
cr = csv.reader(lines)
for row in cr:
print(row)
Note the extra line beginning with lines =
, the fact that urlopen
is now in the urllib.request
module, and print
of course requires parentheses.
It's hardly advertised, but yes, csv.reader
can read from a list of strings.
And since someone else mentioned pandas, here's a one-liner to display the CSV in a console-friendly output:
python3 -c 'import pandas
df = pandas.read_csv("http://winterolympicsmedals.com/medals.csv")
print(df.to_string())'
(Yes, it's three lines, but you can copy-paste it as one command. ;)
When I align elements in center I use the bootstrap class text-center:
<div class="text-center">Centered content goes here</div>
I personally prefer Confucious.
It is nice, as it doesn't require any external dependencies, it's tiny - only 16K, and automatically loads your ini file on initialization. E.g.
Configurable config = Configuration.getInstance();
String host = config.getStringValue("host");
int port = config.getIntValue("port");
new Connection(host, port);
Here's a more complete and flexible example that doesn't omit necessary includes to generate compilation errors:
#include <iostream>
#include <unordered_map>
class Hashtable {
std::unordered_map<const void *, const void *> htmap;
public:
void put(const void *key, const void *value) {
htmap[key] = value;
}
const void *get(const void *key) {
return htmap[key];
}
};
int main() {
Hashtable ht;
ht.put("Bob", "Dylan");
int one = 1;
ht.put("one", &one);
std::cout << (char *)ht.get("Bob") << "; " << *(int *)ht.get("one");
}
Still not particularly useful for keys, unless they are predefined as pointers, because a matching value won't do! (However, since I normally use strings for keys, substituting "string" for "const void *" in the declaration of the key should resolve this problem.)
I tried this method, and it worked. I hope it can help too:
"""Identify differences between two pandas DataFrames"""
df1.sort_index(inplace=True)
df2.sort_index(inplace=True)
df_all = pd.concat([df1, df12], axis='columns', keys=['First', 'Second'])
df_final = df_all.swaplevel(axis='columns')[df1.columns[1:]]
df_final[df_final['change this to one of the columns'] != df_final['change this to one of the columns']]
you can also do this query...!
sqlContext.sql("""
select from_unixtime(unix_timestamp('08/26/2016', 'MM/dd/yyyy'), 'yyyy:MM:dd') as new_format
""").show()
This works for MVC 5:
<a href="@Url.Action("ActionName", "ControllerName", new { paramName1 = item.paramValue1, paramName2 = item.paramValue2 })" >
Link text
</a>
As pointed by Breedly and Liang, Ashok's solution will prevent you from getting the select value when posting the form.
One slightly different, but still imperfect, way to solve that would be:
class waypointForm(forms.Form):
def __init__(self, user, *args, **kwargs):
self.base_fields['waypoints'].choices = self._do_the_choicy_thing()
super(waypointForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
This could cause some concurrence problems, though.
The easiest way to do is first check you are getting right process IDs with:
pgrep -f [part_of_a_command]
If the result is as expected. Go with:
pkill -f [part_of_a_command]
And for my fellow Europeans, try using this:
timestamp=$(date +%d-%m-%Y_%H-%M-%S)
will give a format of the format: "15-02-2020_19-21-58"
You call the variable and get the string representation like this
$timestamp
If your keyup event is outside the CTRL, SHIFT, ENTER and ESC bracket, just use @Md Ayub Ali Sarker's guide. The only keyup pseudo-event mentioned here in angular docs https://angular.io/docs/ts/latest/guide/user-input.html is ENTER key. There are no keyup pseudo-events for number keys and alphabets yet.
If you want to change Status Bar Style from the launch screen, You should take this way.
Clean way with no jQuery:
function check(some_id) {
var content = document.getElementById(some_id).childNodes[0].nodeValue;
alert(content);
}
This is assuming each span has only the value as a child and no embedded HTML.
This one work for me:
if (email.equals("[email protected]") && pass.equals("123ss") ){
Toast.makeText(this,"Logged in",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
else{
Toast.makeText(this,"Logged out",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
You could just do it manually.
NB: might be better to use a HashMap instead of an inner class for the opts.
/** convenient "-flag opt" combination */
private class Option {
String flag, opt;
public Option(String flag, String opt) { this.flag = flag; this.opt = opt; }
}
static public void main(String[] args) {
List<String> argsList = new ArrayList<String>();
List<Option> optsList = new ArrayList<Option>();
List<String> doubleOptsList = new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
switch (args[i].charAt(0)) {
case '-':
if (args[i].length < 2)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not a valid argument: "+args[i]);
if (args[i].charAt(1) == '-') {
if (args[i].length < 3)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not a valid argument: "+args[i]);
// --opt
doubleOptsList.add(args[i].substring(2, args[i].length));
} else {
if (args.length-1 == i)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Expected arg after: "+args[i]);
// -opt
optsList.add(new Option(args[i], args[i+1]));
i++;
}
break;
default:
// arg
argsList.add(args[i]);
break;
}
}
// etc
}
You can run this command for making a factory reset:
killall dropbear uhttpd; sleep 1; mtd -r erase rootfs_data
The user@host:path/to/repo
format tells Git to use ssh to log in to host
with username user
. From git help clone
:
An alternative scp-like syntax may also be used with the ssh protocol:
[user@]host.xz:path/to/repo.git/
The part before the @
is the username, and the authentication method (password, public key, etc.) is determined by ssh, not Git. Git has no way to pass a password to ssh, because ssh might not even use a password depending on the configuration of the remote server.
ssh-agent
to avoid typing passwords all the timeIf you don't want to type your ssh password all the time, the typical solution is to generate a public/private key pair, put the public key in your ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
file on the remote server, and load your private key into ssh-agent
. Also see Configuring Git over SSH to login once, GitHub's help page on ssh key passphrases, gitolite's ssh documentation, and Heroku's ssh keys documentation.
If you have multiple accounts at a place like GitHub or Heroku, you'll have multiple ssh keys (at least one per account). To pick which account you want to log in as, you have to tell ssh which private key to use.
For example, suppose you had two GitHub accounts: foo
and bar
. Your ssh key for foo
is ~/.ssh/foo_github_id
and your ssh key for bar
is ~/.ssh/bar_github_id
. You want to access [email protected]:foo/foo.git
with your foo
account and [email protected]:bar/bar.git
with your bar
account. You would add the following to your ~/.ssh/config
:
Host gh-foo
Hostname github.com
User git
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/foo_github_id
Host gh-bar
Hostname github.com
User git
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/bar_github_id
You would then clone the two repositories as follows:
git clone gh-foo:foo/foo.git # logs in with account foo
git clone gh-bar:bar/bar.git # logs in with account bar
Some services provide HTTP access as an alternative to ssh:
GitHub:
https://username:[email protected]/username/repository.git
Gitorious:
https://username:[email protected]/project/repository.git
Heroku: See this support article.
WARNING: Adding your password to the clone URL will cause Git to store your plaintext password in .git/config
. To securely store your password when using HTTP, use a credential helper. For example:
git config --global credential.helper cache
git config --global credential.https://github.com.username foo
git clone https://github.com/foo/repository.git
The above will cause Git to ask for your password once every 15 minutes (by default). See git help credentials
for details.
Remove all wsdl*
files in your /tmp
folder on the server.
WSDL files are cached in your default location for all cache files defined in php.ini. Same location as your session files.
Just had same issue. In Python 3, Binary modes 'wb', 'rb' must be specified whereas in Python 2x, they are not needed. When you follow tutorials that are based on Python 2x, that's why you are here.
import pickle
class MyUser(object):
def __init__(self,name):
self.name = name
user = MyUser('Peter')
print("Before serialization: ")
print(user.name)
print("------------")
serialized = pickle.dumps(user)
filename = 'serialized.native'
with open(filename,'wb') as file_object:
file_object.write(serialized)
with open(filename,'rb') as file_object:
raw_data = file_object.read()
deserialized = pickle.loads(raw_data)
print("Loading from serialized file: ")
user2 = deserialized
print(user2.name)
print("------------")
You can also set processData to true:
collection.fetch({
data: { page: 1 },
processData: true
});
Jquery will auto process data object into param string,
but in Backbone.sync function, Backbone turn the processData off because Backbone will use other method to process data in POST,UPDATE...
in Backbone source:
if (params.type !== 'GET' && !Backbone.emulateJSON) {
params.processData = false;
}
realpath <path to the symlink file>
should do the trick.
The root issue in my case was a file conflict in the .settings folder. So, deleting the .settings folder would have resolved the Maven error, but I wanted to keep some of my local configuration files. I resolved the conflict, then tried a Maven update again and it worked.
I encountered same problem and took 2 hours to figure it out.
Docker images are stored as filesystem layers. Every command in the Dockerfile creates a layer. You can also create layers by using docker commit
from the command line after making some changes (via docker run
probably).
These layers are stored by default under /var/lib/docker
. While you could (theoretically) cherry pick files from there and install it in a different docker server, is probably a bad idea to play with the internal representation used by Docker.
When you push your image, these layers are sent to the registry (the docker hub registry, by default… unless you tag your image with another registry prefix) and stored there. When pushing, the layer id is used to check if you already have the layer locally or it needs to be downloaded. You can use docker history
to peek at which layers (other images) are used (and, to some extent, which command created the layer).
As for options to share an image without pushing to the docker hub registry, your best options are:
docker save
an image or docker export
a container. This will output a tar file to standard output, so you will like to do something like docker save 'dockerizeit/agent' > dk.agent.latest.tar
. Then you can use docker load
or docker import
in a different host.
Host your own private registry. - Outdated, see comments See the docker registry image. We have built an s3 backed registry which you can start and stop as needed (all state is kept on the s3 bucket of your choice) which is trivial to setup. This is also an interesting way of watching what happens when pushing to a registry
Use another registry like quay.io (I haven't personally tried it), although whatever concerns you have with the docker hub will probably apply here too.
Be careful, reset --hard
will remove your local (uncommitted) modifications, too.
git reset --hard HEAD^
note: if you're on windows you'll need to quote the HEAD^ so
git reset --hard "HEAD^"
If you want to revert the commit WITHOUT throwing away work, use the --soft flag instead of --hard
variable
- named storage address. Every variable has a type which defines a memory size, attributes and behaviours. There are for types of Java variables: class variable
, instance variable
, local variable
, method parameter
//pattern
<Java_type> <name> ;
//for example
int myInt;
String myString;
CustomClass myCustomClass;
field
- member variable or data member. It is a variable
inside a class
(class variable
or instance variable
)
attribute
- in some articles you can find that attribute
it is an object
representation of class variable
. Object
operates by attributes
which define a set of characteristics.
CustomClass myCustomClass = new CustomClass();
myCustomClass.myAttribute = "poor fantasy"; //`myAttribute` is an attribute of `myCustomClass` object with a "poor fantasy" value
property
- field
+ bounded getter/setter
. It has a field syntax but uses methods under the hood. Java
does not support it in pure form. Take a look at Objective-C
, Swift
, Kotlin
For example Kotlin
sample:
//field - Backing Field
class Person {
var name: String = "default name"
get() = field
set(value) { field = value }
}
//using
val person = Person()
person.name = "Alex" // setter is used
println(person.name) // getter is used
The MediaStore API is probably throwing away the alpha channel (i.e. decoding to RGB565). If you have a file path, just use BitmapFactory directly, but tell it to use a format that preserves alpha:
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(photoPath, options);
selected_photo.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
or
http://mihaifonoage.blogspot.com/2009/09/displaying-images-from-sd-card-in.html
the crxml parser is a real easy to parser.
This class has got a search function, which takes a node name with any namespace as an argument. It searches the xml for the node and prints out the access statement to access that node using this class. This class also makes xml generation very easy.
you can download this class at
http://freshmeat.net/projects/crxml
or from phpclasses.org
http://www.phpclasses.org/package/6769-PHP-Manipulate-XML-documents-as-array.html
$('[data-item-id="stand-out"]')
As Michael said:
and
You can always do something like this:
update mytable t
set SomeColumn = c.ComputedValue
from (select *, 42 as ComputedValue from mytable where id = 1) c
where t.id = c.id
You can now also use with statement inside update
update mytable t
set SomeColumn = c.ComputedValue
from (with abc as (select *, 43 as ComputedValue_new from mytable where id = 1
select *, 42 as ComputedValue, abc.ComputedValue_new from mytable n1
inner join abc on n1.id=abc.id) c
where t.id = c.id
Simply set height of the select tag
select{
height: 30px;
max-height: 30px;
}
With my T7300 2.0GHz and Kingston V100 64gb SSD the results are
Bitlocker off ? on
Sequential read 243 MB/s ? 140 MB/s
Sequential write 74.5 MB/s ? 51 MB/s
Random read 176 MB/s ? 100 MB/s
Random write, and the 4KB speeds are almost identical.
Clearly the processor is the bottleneck in this case. In real life usage however boot time is about the same, cold launch of Opera 11.5 with 79 tabs remained the same 4 seconds all tabs loaded from cache.
A small build in VS2010 took 2 seconds in both situations. Larger build took 2 seconds vs 5 from before. These are ballpark because I'm looking at my watch hand.
I guess it all depends on the combination of processor, ram, and ssd vs hdd. In my case the processor has no hardware AES so compilation is worst case scenario, needing cycles for both assembly and crypto.
A newer system with Sandy Bridge would probably make better use of a Bitlocker enabled SDD in a development environment.
Personally I'm keeping Bitlocker enabled despite the performance hit because I travel often. It took less than an hour to toggle Bitlocker on/off so maybe you could just turn it on when you are traveling then disable it afterwards.
Thinkpad X61, Windows 7 SP1
Assuming you don't store things like the '+', '()', '-', spaces and what-have-yous (and why would you, they are presentational concerns which would vary based on local customs and the network distributions anyways), the ITU-T recommendation E.164 for the international telephone network (which most national networks are connected via) specifies that the entire number (including country code, but not including prefixes such as the international calling prefix necessary for dialling out, which varies from country to country, nor including suffixes, such as PBX extension numbers) be at most 15 characters.
Call prefixes depend on the caller, not the callee, and thus shouldn't (in many circumstances) be stored with a phone number. If the database stores data for a personal address book (in which case storing the international call prefix makes sense), the longest international prefixes you'd have to deal with (according to Wikipedia) are currently 5 digits, in Finland.
As for suffixes, some PBXs support up to 11 digit extensions (again, according to Wikipedia). Since PBX extension numbers are part of a different dialing plan (PBXs are separate from phone companies' exchanges), extension numbers need to be distinguishable from phone numbers, either with a separator character or by storing them in a different column.
UPDATE: As mentioned by Richard Grimes in my cited post, @Iain and @Dmitry Lobanov, my answer is right in theory but wrong in practice.
As I should have remembered from countless books, etc., while one sets these properties using the [assembly: XXXAttribute]
, they get highjacked by the compiler and placed into the VERSIONINFO
resource.
For the above reason, you need to use the approach in @Xiaofu's answer as the attributes are stripped after the signal has been extracted from them.
public static string GetProductVersion() { var attribute = (AssemblyVersionAttribute)Assembly .GetExecutingAssembly() .GetCustomAttributes( typeof(AssemblyVersionAttribute), true ) .Single(); return attribute.InformationalVersion; }
(From http://bytes.com/groups/net/420417-assemblyversionattribute - as noted there, if you're looking for a different attribute, substitute that into the above)
If your compiler is GCC you can use following syntax:
int array[1024] = {[0 ... 1023] = 5};
Check out detailed description: http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.1.2/gcc/Designated-Inits.html
This simple way to do your task:
setContentView(R.id.main);
ImageView iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.left);
int width = 60;
int height = 60;
LinearLayout.LayoutParams parms = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(width,height);
iv.setLayoutParams(parms);
and another way if you want to give screen size in height and width then use below code :
setContentView(R.id.main);
Display display = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay();
ImageView iv = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.left);
int width = display.getWidth(); // ((display.getWidth()*20)/100)
int height = display.getHeight();// ((display.getHeight()*30)/100)
LinearLayout.LayoutParams parms = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(width,height);
iv.setLayoutParams(parms);
hope use full to you.
Place your layout in a ScrollView.
The best way to get filetype-specific indentation is to use filetype plugin indent on
in your vimrc. Then you can specify things like set sw=4 sts=4 et
in .vim/ftplugin/c.vim, for example, without having to make those global for all files being edited and other non-C type syntaxes will get indented correctly, too (even lisps).
I solved this using an absolutely positioned div inside the cell (relative).
td {
position: relative;
}
td > div {
position: absolute;
white-space: nowrap;
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
max-width: 100%;
}
That's it. Then you can either add a top: value to the div or vertically center it:
td > div {
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
margin: auto 0;
height: 1.5em; // = line height
}
To get some space on the right side, you can reduce the max-width a little.
First of all, public static
non-final
fields are evil. Spring does not allow injecting to such fields for a reason.
Your workaround is valid, you don't even need getter/setter, private
field is enough. On the other hand try this:
@Value("${my.name}")
public void setPrivateName(String privateName) {
Sample.name = privateName;
}
(works with @Autowired
/@Resource
). But to give you some constructive advice: Create a second class with private
field and getter instead of public static
field.
A direct port to javascript of Kierons solution: https://github.com/rwarasaurus/nano/blob/master/system/helpers.php#L61-73:
/**
* Normalise a string replacing foreign characters
*
* @param {String} str
* @return {String} str
*/
var normalize = (function () {
var a = ['À', 'Á', 'Â', 'Ã', 'Ä', 'Å', 'Æ', 'Ç', 'È', 'É', 'Ê', 'Ë', 'Ì', 'Í', 'Î', 'Ï', 'Ð', 'Ñ', 'Ò', 'Ó', 'Ô', 'Õ', 'Ö', 'Ø', 'Ù', 'Ú', 'Û', 'Ü', 'Ý', 'ß', 'à', 'á', 'â', 'ã', 'ä', 'å', 'æ', 'ç', 'è', 'é', 'ê', 'ë', 'ì', 'í', 'î', 'ï', 'ñ', 'ò', 'ó', 'ô', 'õ', 'ö', 'ø', 'ù', 'ú', 'û', 'ü', 'ý', 'ÿ', 'A', 'a', 'A', 'a', 'A', 'a', 'C', 'c', 'C', 'c', 'C', 'c', 'C', 'c', 'D', 'd', 'Ð', 'd', 'E', 'e', 'E', 'e', 'E', 'e', 'E', 'e', 'E', 'e', 'G', 'g', 'G', 'g', 'G', 'g', 'G', 'g', 'H', 'h', 'H', 'h', 'I', 'i', 'I', 'i', 'I', 'i', 'I', 'i', 'I', 'i', '?', '?', 'J', 'j', 'K', 'k', 'L', 'l', 'L', 'l', 'L', 'l', '?', '?', 'L', 'l', 'N', 'n', 'N', 'n', 'N', 'n', '?', 'O', 'o', 'O', 'o', 'O', 'o', 'Œ', 'œ', 'R', 'r', 'R', 'r', 'R', 'r', 'S', 's', 'S', 's', 'S', 's', 'Š', 'š', 'T', 't', 'T', 't', 'T', 't', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'W', 'w', 'Y', 'y', 'Ÿ', 'Z', 'z', 'Z', 'z', 'Ž', 'ž', '?', 'ƒ', 'O', 'o', 'U', 'u', 'A', 'a', 'I', 'i', 'O', 'o', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', '?', '?', '?', '?', '?', '?'];
var b = ['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'AE', 'C', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'I', 'I', 'I', 'I', 'D', 'N', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'U', 'U', 'U', 'U', 'Y', 's', 'a', 'a', 'a', 'a', 'a', 'a', 'ae', 'c', 'e', 'e', 'e', 'e', 'i', 'i', 'i', 'i', 'n', 'o', 'o', 'o', 'o', 'o', 'o', 'u', 'u', 'u', 'u', 'y', 'y', 'A', 'a', 'A', 'a', 'A', 'a', 'C', 'c', 'C', 'c', 'C', 'c', 'C', 'c', 'D', 'd', 'D', 'd', 'E', 'e', 'E', 'e', 'E', 'e', 'E', 'e', 'E', 'e', 'G', 'g', 'G', 'g', 'G', 'g', 'G', 'g', 'H', 'h', 'H', 'h', 'I', 'i', 'I', 'i', 'I', 'i', 'I', 'i', 'I', 'i', 'IJ', 'ij', 'J', 'j', 'K', 'k', 'L', 'l', 'L', 'l', 'L', 'l', 'L', 'l', 'l', 'l', 'N', 'n', 'N', 'n', 'N', 'n', 'n', 'O', 'o', 'O', 'o', 'O', 'o', 'OE', 'oe', 'R', 'r', 'R', 'r', 'R', 'r', 'S', 's', 'S', 's', 'S', 's', 'S', 's', 'T', 't', 'T', 't', 'T', 't', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'W', 'w', 'Y', 'y', 'Y', 'Z', 'z', 'Z', 'z', 'Z', 'z', 's', 'f', 'O', 'o', 'U', 'u', 'A', 'a', 'I', 'i', 'O', 'o', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'U', 'u', 'A', 'a', 'AE', 'ae', 'O', 'o'];
return function (str) {
var i = a.length;
while (i--) str = str.replace(a[i], b[i]);
return str;
};
}());
And a slightly modified version, using a char-map instead of two arrays:
To compare these two methods I made a simple benchmark: http://jsperf.com/replace-foreign-characters
/**
* Normalise a string replacing foreign characters
*
* @param {String} str
* @return {String}
*/
var normalize = (function () {
var map = {
"À": "A",
"Á": "A",
"Â": "A",
"Ã": "A",
"Ä": "A",
"Å": "A",
"Æ": "AE",
"Ç": "C",
"È": "E",
"É": "E",
"Ê": "E",
"Ë": "E",
"Ì": "I",
"Í": "I",
"Î": "I",
"Ï": "I",
"Ð": "D",
"Ñ": "N",
"Ò": "O",
"Ó": "O",
"Ô": "O",
"Õ": "O",
"Ö": "O",
"Ø": "O",
"Ù": "U",
"Ú": "U",
"Û": "U",
"Ü": "U",
"Ý": "Y",
"ß": "s",
"à": "a",
"á": "a",
"â": "a",
"ã": "a",
"ä": "a",
"å": "a",
"æ": "ae",
"ç": "c",
"è": "e",
"é": "e",
"ê": "e",
"ë": "e",
"ì": "i",
"í": "i",
"î": "i",
"ï": "i",
"ñ": "n",
"ò": "o",
"ó": "o",
"ô": "o",
"õ": "o",
"ö": "o",
"ø": "o",
"ù": "u",
"ú": "u",
"û": "u",
"ü": "u",
"ý": "y",
"ÿ": "y",
"A": "A",
"a": "a",
"A": "A",
"a": "a",
"A": "A",
"a": "a",
"C": "C",
"c": "c",
"C": "C",
"c": "c",
"C": "C",
"c": "c",
"C": "C",
"c": "c",
"D": "D",
"d": "d",
"Ð": "D",
"d": "d",
"E": "E",
"e": "e",
"E": "E",
"e": "e",
"E": "E",
"e": "e",
"E": "E",
"e": "e",
"E": "E",
"e": "e",
"G": "G",
"g": "g",
"G": "G",
"g": "g",
"G": "G",
"g": "g",
"G": "G",
"g": "g",
"H": "H",
"h": "h",
"H": "H",
"h": "h",
"I": "I",
"i": "i",
"I": "I",
"i": "i",
"I": "I",
"i": "i",
"I": "I",
"i": "i",
"I": "I",
"i": "i",
"?": "IJ",
"?": "ij",
"J": "J",
"j": "j",
"K": "K",
"k": "k",
"L": "L",
"l": "l",
"L": "L",
"l": "l",
"L": "L",
"l": "l",
"?": "L",
"?": "l",
"L": "l",
"l": "l",
"N": "N",
"n": "n",
"N": "N",
"n": "n",
"N": "N",
"n": "n",
"?": "n",
"O": "O",
"o": "o",
"O": "O",
"o": "o",
"O": "O",
"o": "o",
"Œ": "OE",
"œ": "oe",
"R": "R",
"r": "r",
"R": "R",
"r": "r",
"R": "R",
"r": "r",
"S": "S",
"s": "s",
"S": "S",
"s": "s",
"S": "S",
"s": "s",
"Š": "S",
"š": "s",
"T": "T",
"t": "t",
"T": "T",
"t": "t",
"T": "T",
"t": "t",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"W": "W",
"w": "w",
"Y": "Y",
"y": "y",
"Ÿ": "Y",
"Z": "Z",
"z": "z",
"Z": "Z",
"z": "z",
"Ž": "Z",
"ž": "z",
"?": "s",
"ƒ": "f",
"O": "O",
"o": "o",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"A": "A",
"a": "a",
"I": "I",
"i": "i",
"O": "O",
"o": "o",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"U": "U",
"u": "u",
"?": "A",
"?": "a",
"?": "AE",
"?": "ae",
"?": "O",
"?": "o"
},
nonWord = /\W/g,
mapping = function (c) {
return map[c] || c;
};
return function (str) {
return str.replace(nonWord, mapping);
};
}());
I have a longer test to try. This takes an average of 160 ns to read each line as add it to a List (Which is likely to be what you intended as dropping the newlines is not very useful.
public static void main(String... args) throws IOException {
final int runs = 5 * 1000 * 1000;
final ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(0);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Socket serverConn = ss.accept();
String line = "Hello World!\n";
BufferedWriter br = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(serverConn.getOutputStream()));
for (int count = 0; count < runs; count++)
br.write(line);
serverConn.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
Socket conn = new Socket("localhost", ss.getLocalPort());
long start = System.nanoTime();
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line;
List<String> responseData = new ArrayList<String>();
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
responseData.add(line);
}
long time = System.nanoTime() - start;
System.out.println("Average time to read a line was " + time / runs + " ns.");
conn.close();
ss.close();
}
prints
Average time to read a line was 158 ns.
If you want to build a StringBuilder, keeping newlines I would suggets the following approach.
Reader r = new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream());
String line;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
char[] chars = new char[4*1024];
int len;
while((len = r.read(chars))>=0) {
sb.append(chars, 0, len);
}
Still prints
Average time to read a line was 159 ns.
In both cases, the speed is limited by the sender not the receiver. By optimising the sender, I got this timing down to 105 ns per line.
Google declares that this is not a failure, but some "misleading error reports". This bug will be fixed in version 40 of chrome.
You can read this:
@HTML.ActionLink
generates a HTML anchor tag
. While @Url.Action
generates a URL
for you. You can easily understand it by;
// 1. <a href="/ControllerName/ActionMethod">Item Definition</a>
@HTML.ActionLink("Item Definition", "ActionMethod", "ControllerName")
// 2. /ControllerName/ActionMethod
@Url.Action("ActionMethod", "ControllerName")
// 3. <a href="/ControllerName/ActionMethod">Item Definition</a>
<a href="@Url.Action("ActionMethod", "ControllerName")"> Item Definition</a>
Both of these approaches are different and it totally depends upon your need.
Not wanting to edit my git config file I followed the info in @mipadi's post and used:
$ git pull origin master
virtualenv is a tool to create isolated Python environments.
you will need to add the following to fix command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1, so inside your requirements.txt add this:
virtualenv==12.0.7
HashSet
is O(1) to access elements, so it certainly does matter. But maintaining order of the objects in the set isn't possible.
TreeSet
is useful if maintaining an order(In terms of values and not the insertion order) matters to you. But, as you've noted, you're trading order for slower time to access an element: O(log n) for basic operations.
From the javadocs for TreeSet
:
This implementation provides guaranteed log(n) time cost for the basic operations (
add
,remove
andcontains
).
That you are running Windows. Read:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudo
It basically allows you to execute an application with elevated privileges. If you want to achieve a similar effect under Windows, open an administrative prompt and execute your command from there. Under Vista, this is easily done by opening the shortcut while holding Ctrl+Shift at the same time.
That being said, it might very well be possible that your account already has sufficient privileges, depending on how your OS is setup, and the Windows version used.
I found a solution that is more efficient than currently accepted answer, because current answer forces all list elements to be refreshed. My solution will refresh only one element (that was touched) by calling adapters getView and recycling current view which adds even more efficiency.
mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
// Edit object data that is represented in Viewat at list's "position"
view = mAdapter.getView(position, view, parent);
}
});
The answers from freedompeace, Kiyarash and Sam Vloeberghs:
.rar application/x-rar-compressed, application/octet-stream
.zip application/zip, application/octet-stream, application/x-zip-compressed, multipart/x-zip
I would do a check on the file name too. Here is how you could check if the file is a RAR or ZIP file. I tested it by creating a quick command line application.
<?php
if (isRarOrZip($argv[1])) {
echo 'It is probably a RAR or ZIP file.';
} else {
echo 'It is probably not a RAR or ZIP file.';
}
function isRarOrZip($file) {
// get the first 7 bytes
$bytes = file_get_contents($file, FALSE, NULL, 0, 7);
$ext = strtolower(substr($file, - 4));
// RAR magic number: Rar!\x1A\x07\x00
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAR
if ($ext == '.rar' and bin2hex($bytes) == '526172211a0700') {
return TRUE;
}
// ZIP magic number: none, though PK\003\004, PK\005\006 (empty archive),
// or PK\007\008 (spanned archive) are common.
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZIP_(file_format)
if ($ext == '.zip' and substr($bytes, 0, 2) == 'PK') {
return TRUE;
}
return FALSE;
}
Notice that it still won't be 100% certain, but it is probably good enough.
$ rar.exe l somefile.zip
somefile.zip is not RAR archive
But even WinRAR detects non RAR files as SFX archives:
$ rar.exe l somefile.srr
SFX Volume somefile.srr
It seems there's no choice but to put in the max value manually. I was hoping there was some type of overload where you didn't need to specify one.
[Range(typeof(decimal), "0", "79228162514264337593543950335")]
public decimal Price { get; set; }
String example = "Convert Java String";
byte[] bytes = example.getBytes();
To get the column names from pandas dataframe in python3- Here I am creating a data frame from a fileName.csv file
>>> import pandas as pd
>>> df = pd.read_csv('fileName.csv')
>>> columnNames = list(df.head(0))
>>> print(columnNames)
Amazon EC2 cannot offer Mac OS X EC2 instances due to Apple's tight licensing to only allow it to legally run on Apple hardware and the current EC2 infrastructure relies upon virtualized hardware.
Apple Mac image on Amazon EC2?
Can you run OS X on an Amazon EC2 instance?
There are other companies that do provide Mac OS X hosting, presumably on Apple hardware. One example is Go Daddy:
Go Daddy Product Catalog (see Mac® Powered Cloud Servers under Web Hosting)
To find more, search for "Mac OS X hosting" and you'll find more options.
Intersect the targets with the haystack and make sure the intersection is precisely equal to the targets:
$haystack = array(...);
$target = array('foo', 'bar');
if(count(array_intersect($haystack, $target)) == count($target)){
// all of $target is in $haystack
}
Note that you only need to verify the size of the resulting intersection is the same size as the array of target values to say that $haystack
is a superset of $target
.
To verify that at least one value in $target
is also in $haystack
, you can do this check:
if(count(array_intersect($haystack, $target)) > 0){
// at least one of $target is in $haystack
}
Context.getResources().getDimension(int id);
Actually, I think the BigInteger is solution is very nice:
new BigInteger("00A0BF", 16).toByteArray();
Edit: Not safe for leading zeros, as noted by the poster.
if all things were said didn't work, go back to basics and test if this is working:
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
$('body').click(function() {
// do something here like:
alert('hey! The body click is working!!!')
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
then tell me if its working or not.
callLog(){
this.http.get('http://localhost:3000/getstudent/'+this.login.email+'/'+this.login.password)
.subscribe(data => {
this.getstud=data as string[];
if(this.getstud.length!==0) {
console.log(data)
this.route.navigate(['home']);// used for routing after importing Router
}
});
}
As setYear()
is deprecated, correct variant is:
// plus 1 year
new Date().setFullYear(new Date().getFullYear() + 1)
// plus 1 month
new Date().setMonth(new Date().getMonth() + 1)
// plus 1 day
new Date().setDate(new Date().getDate() + 1)
All examples return Unix timestamp, if you want to get Date
object - just wrap it with another new Date(...)
I've simply managed to get dropzone and other plugin to work with this fix (angularjs + php backend)
header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *');
header("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true");
header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods: GET, PUT, POST, DELETE, OPTIONS');
header('Access-Control-Max-Age: 1000');
header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Origin, Content-Type, X-Auth-Token , Authorization');
add this in your upload.php or where you would send your request (for example if you have upload.html and you need to attach the files to upload.php, then copy and paste these 4 lines). Also if you're using CORS plugins/addons in chrome/mozilla be sure to toggle them more than one time,in order for CORS to be enabled
The functionality of creating SQL Agent Jobs is not available in SQL Server Express Edition. An alternative is to execute a batch file that executes a SQL script using Windows Task Scheduler.
In order to do this first create a batch file named sqljob.bat
sqlcmd -S servername -U username -P password -i <path of sqljob.sql>
Replace the servername
, username
, password
and path
with yours.
Then create the SQL Script file named sqljob.sql
USE [databasename]
--T-SQL commands go here
GO
Replace the [databasename]
with your database name. The USE
and GO
is necessary when you write the SQL script.
sqlcmd
is a command-line utility to execute SQL scripts. After creating these two files execute the batch file using Windows Task Scheduler.
NB: An almost same answer was posted for this question before. But I felt it was incomplete as it didn't specify about login information using sqlcmd
.
go to services and start the ones related to SQL
The rule to keep in mind is: if your document specifies a namespace
, you MUST use an XmlNamespaceManager
in your call to SelectNodes()
or SelectSingleNode()
. That's a good thing.
See the article Advantages of namespaces . Jon Skeet does a great job in his answer showing how to use XmlNamespaceManager
. (This answer should really just be a comment on that answer, but I don't quite have enough Rep Points to comment.)
Just an addition to what Greg said:
$("#whatever").offset().left + $("#whatever").outerWidth()
This code will get the right position relative to the left side. If the intention was to get the right side position relative to the right (like when using the CSS right
property) then an addition to the code is necessary as follows:
$("#parent_container").innerWidth() - ($("#whatever").offset().left + $("#whatever").outerWidth())
This code is useful in animations where you have to set the right side as a fixed anchor when you can't initially set the right
property in CSS.
You can use it to transform some aggregate functions into analytic:
SELECT MAX(date)
FROM mytable
will return 1
row with a single maximum,
SELECT MAX(date) OVER (ORDER BY id)
FROM mytable
will return all rows with a running maximum.
Step-by-step:
[newline]ab
ab
[backspace]si
asi
[carriage-return]ha
hai
Carriage return, does not cause a newline. Under some circumstances a single CR or LF may be translated to a CR-LF pair. This is console and/or stream dependent.
Here's some info if someone comes upon this in 2019.
I think reduce vs map + filter might be somewhat dependent on what you need to loop through. Not sure on this but reduce does seem to be slower.
One thing is for sure - if you're looking for performance improvements the way you write the code is extremely important!
Here a JS perf test that shows the massive improvements when typing out the code fully rather than checking for "falsey" values (e.g. if (string) {...}
) or returning "falsey" values where a boolean is expected.
Hope this helps someone
It's not the angular way, remove the function from html body and use it in controller, or use
angular.element(document).ready
More details are available here: https://stackoverflow.com/a/18646795/4301583
Add a style with the attribute text-decoration:none;
:
There are a number of different ways of doing this.
Inline style:
<a href="xxx.html" style="text-decoration:none;">goto this link</a>
Inline stylesheet:
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
a {
text-decoration:none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<a href="xxx.html">goto this link</a>
</body>
</html>
External stylesheet:
<html>
<head>
<link rel="Stylesheet" href="stylesheet.css" />
</head>
<body>
<a href="xxx.html">goto this link</a>
</body>
</html>
stylesheet.css:
a {
text-decoration:none;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
<title>JS Bin</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="radio" name="radiobutton" value="A" onclick = "populateData(event)">
<input type="radio" name="radiobutton" value="B" onclick = "populateData(event)">
<div id="content"></div>
</body>
</html>
-----------------JS- code------------
var targetDiv = document.getElementById('content');
var htmlContent = '';
function populateData(event){
switch(event.target.value){
case 'A':{
htmlContent = 'Content for A';
break;
}
case 'B':{
htmlContent = "content for B";
break;
}
}
targetDiv.innerHTML = htmlContent;
}
Step1: on click of the radio button it calls function populate data, with event (an object that has event details such as name of the element, value etc..);
Step2: I extracted the value through event.target.value and then simple switch will give me freedom to add custom text.
Live Code
Calling erase will invalidate iterators, you could use:
void erase(std::vector<int>& myNumbers_in, int number_in)
{
std::vector<int>::iterator iter = myNumbers_in.begin();
while (iter != myNumbers_in.end())
{
if (*iter == number_in)
{
iter = myNumbers_in.erase(iter);
}
else
{
++iter;
}
}
}
Or you could use std::remove_if together with a functor and std::vector::erase:
struct Eraser
{
Eraser(int number_in) : number_in(number_in) {}
int number_in;
bool operator()(int i) const
{
return i == number_in;
}
};
std::vector<int> myNumbers;
myNumbers.erase(std::remove_if(myNumbers.begin(), myNumbers.end(), Eraser(number_in)), myNumbers.end());
Instead of writing your own functor in this case you could use std::remove:
std::vector<int> myNumbers;
myNumbers.erase(std::remove(myNumbers.begin(), myNumbers.end(), number_in), myNumbers.end());
In C++11 you could use a lambda instead of a functor:
std::vector<int> myNumbers;
myNumbers.erase(std::remove_if(myNumbers.begin(), myNumbers.end(), [number_in](int number){ return number == number_in; }), myNumbers.end());
In C++17 std::experimental::erase and std::experimental::erase_if are also available, in C++20 these are (finally) renamed to std::erase and std::erase_if (note: in Visual Studio 2019 you'll need to change your C++ language version to the latest experimental version for support):
std::vector<int> myNumbers;
std::erase_if(myNumbers, Eraser(number_in)); // or use lambda
or:
std::vector<int> myNumbers;
std::erase(myNumbers, number_in);
Many programming language optimize the switch statement so that it is much faster than a standard if-else if structure provided the cases are compiler constants. Many languages use a jump table or indexed branch table to optimize switch statements. Wikipedia has a good discussion of the switch statement. Also, here is a discussion of switch optimization in C.
One thing to note is that switch statements can be abused and, depending on the case, it may be preferable to use polymorphism instead of switch statements. See here for an example.
I was facing exact same error
Computed property "callRingtatus" was assigned to but it has no setter
here is a sample code according to my scenario
computed: {
callRingtatus(){
return this.$store.getters['chat/callState']===2
}
}
I change the above code into the following way
computed: {
callRingtatus(){
return this.$store.state.chat.callState===2
}
}
fetch values from vuex store state instead of getters inside the computed hook
It defines an XML Namespace.
In your example, the Namespace Prefix is "android" and the Namespace URI is "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
In the document, you see elements like: <android:foo />
Think of the namespace prefix as a variable with a short name alias for the full namespace URI. It is the equivalent of writing <http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android:foo />
with regards to what it "means" when an XML parser reads the document.
NOTE: You cannot actually use the full namespace URI in place of the namespace prefix in an XML instance document.
Check out this tutorial on namespaces: http://www.sitepoint.com/xml-namespaces-explained/
This can be caused by the two sides of the connection disagreeing over whether the connection timed out or not during a keepalive. (Your code tries to reused the connection just as the server is closing it because it has been idle for too long.) You should basically just retry the operation over a new connection. (I'm surprised your library doesn't do this automatically.)
An easy way would be to restart the mysql server.. Open "services.msc" in windows Run, select Mysql from the list. Right click and stop the service. Then Start again and all the processes would have been killed except the one (the default reserved connection)
A few comments:
import sun.misc.*;
Don't do this. It is non-standard and not guaranteed to be the same between implementations. There are other libraries with Base64 conversion available.
byte[] encVal = c.doFinal(Data.getBytes());
You are relying on the default character encoding here. Always specify what character encoding you are using: byte[] encVal = c.doFinal(Data.getBytes("UTF-8"));
Defaults might be different in different places.
As @thegrinner pointed out, you need to explicitly check the length of your byte arrays. If there is a discrepancy, then compare them byte by byte to see where the difference is creeping in.
The $.getJSON()
method is shorthand that does not let you specify advanced options like that. To do that, you need to use the full $.ajax()
method.
Notice in the documentation at http://api.jquery.com/jQuery.getJSON/:
This is a shorthand Ajax function, which is equivalent to:
$.ajax({
url: url,
dataType: 'json',
data: data,
success: callback
});
So just use $.ajax()
and provide all the extra parameters you need.
I do this:
var preloaderdiv = '<div class="thumbs_preloader">Loading...</div>';
$('#detail_thumbnails').html(preloaderdiv);
$.ajax({
async:true,
url:'./Ajaxification/getRandomUser?top='+ $(sender).css('top') +'&lef='+ $(sender).css('left'),
success:function(data){
$('#detail_thumbnails').html(data);
}
});
There is a good article on MDN that explains the theory behind those concepts: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/CSS_Object_Model/Determining_the_dimensions_of_elements
It also explains the important conceptual differences between boundingClientRect's width/height vs offsetWidth/offsetHeight.
Then, to prove the theory right or wrong, you need some tests. That's what I did here: https://github.com/lingtalfi/dimensions-cheatsheet
It's testing for chrome53, ff49, safari9, edge13 and ie11.
The results of the tests prove that the theory is generally right. For the tests, I created 3 divs containing 10 lorem ipsum paragraphs each. Some css was applied to them:
.div1{
width: 500px;
height: 300px;
padding: 10px;
border: 5px solid black;
overflow: auto;
}
.div2{
width: 500px;
height: 300px;
padding: 10px;
border: 5px solid black;
box-sizing: border-box;
overflow: auto;
}
.div3{
width: 500px;
height: 300px;
padding: 10px;
border: 5px solid black;
overflow: auto;
transform: scale(0.5);
}
And here are the results:
div1
bcr.height: 330 (chrome53, ff49, safari9, edge13, ie11)
clientWidth: 505 (chrome53, ff49, safari9)
clientHeight: 320 (chrome53, ff49, safari9, edge13, ie11)
scrollWidth: 505 (chrome53, safari9, ff49)
div2
clientHeight: 290 (chrome53, ff49, safari9, edge13, ie11)
scrollWidth: 475 (chrome53, safari9, ff49)
div3
clientHeight: 320 (chrome53, ff49, safari9, edge13, ie11)
scrollWidth: 505 (chrome53, safari9, ff49)
So, apart from the boundingClientRect's height value (299.9999694824219 instead of expected 300) in edge13 and ie11, the results confirm that the theory behind this works.
From there, here is my definition of those concepts:
Note: the default vertical scroll bar's width is 12px in edge13, 15px in chrome53, ff49 and safari9, and 17px in ie11 (done by measurements in photoshop from screenshots, and proven right by the results of the tests).
However, in some cases, maybe your app is not using the default vertical scroll bar's width.
So, given the definitions of those concepts, the vertical scroll bar's width should be equal to (in pseudo code):
layout dimension: offsetWidth - clientWidth - (borderLeftWidth + borderRightWidth)
rendering dimension: boundingClientRect.width - clientWidth - (borderLeftWidth + borderRightWidth)
Note, if you don't understand layout vs rendering please read the mdn article.
Also, if you have another browser (or if you want to see the results of the tests for yourself), you can see my test page here: http://codepen.io/lingtalfi/pen/BLdBdL
This method name should do the trick:
Page<QueuedBook> findByBookIdRegion(Region region, Pageable pageable);
More info on that in the section about query derivation of the reference docs.
If you wants to sort on mulitple fields inside controller use this
$filter('orderBy')($scope.property_list, ['firstProp', 'secondProp']);
class calc{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int a, b, c;
char ch;
do{
Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("1. Addition\n");
System.out.print("2. Substraction\n");
System.out.print("3. Multiplication\n");
System.out.print("4. Division\n");
System.out.print("5. Exit\n\n");
System.out.print("Enter your choice : ");
ch=s.next().charAt(0);
switch (ch)
{
case '1' :
Addition chose1=new Addition();
chose1.add();
break;
case '2' :
Substraction chose2=new Substraction();
chose2.sub();
break;
case '3' :
Multiplication chose3= new Multiplication();
chose3.multi();
break;
case '4' :
Division chose4=new Division();
chose4.divi();
break;
case '5' :
System.exit(0);
break;
default :
System.out.print("wrong choice!!!");
break;
}
System.out.print("\n--------------------------\n");
}while(ch !=5);
}
}
In the above code when its System.exit(0); and when i press case 5 it exits properly but when i use System.exit(1); and press case 5 it exits with error and again when i try with case 15 it exits properly by this i got to know that, when ever we put any int inside argument it specifies that, it take the character from that position i.e if i put (4) that it means take 5th character from that string if its (3) then it means take 4th character from that inputed string
Here's my take on it, I simply wanted to abort if the user did not affirm the action.
import distutils
if unsafe_case:
print('Proceed with potentially unsafe thing? [y/n]')
while True:
try:
verify = distutils.util.strtobool(raw_input())
if not verify:
raise SystemExit # Abort on user reject
break
except ValueError as err:
print('Please enter \'yes\' or \'no\'')
# Try again
print('Continuing ...')
do_unsafe_thing()
Follow @Duncan's @Bartvds's answer, here to provide a workable way after years passed.
At this point after Typescript 1.5 released (@Jun 15 '15), your helpful interface
interface MyType {
instanceMethod();
}
interface MyTypeStatic {
new():MyType;
staticMethod();
}
can be implemented this way with the help of decorator.
/* class decorator */
function staticImplements<T>() {
return <U extends T>(constructor: U) => {constructor};
}
@staticImplements<MyTypeStatic>() /* this statement implements both normal interface & static interface */
class MyTypeClass { /* implements MyType { */ /* so this become optional not required */
public static staticMethod() {}
instanceMethod() {}
}
Refer to my comment at github issue 13462.
visual result: Compile error with a hint of static method missing.
After static method implemented, hint for method missing.
Compilation passed after both static interface and normal interface fulfilled.
It should be:
document.getElementById("placehere").appendChild(elem);
And place your div before your javascript, because if you don't, the javascript executes before the div exists. Or wait for it to load. So your code looks like this:
<html>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload=function(){
var elem = document.createElement("img");
elem.setAttribute("src", "http://img.zohostatic.com/discussions/v1/images/defaultPhoto.png");
elem.setAttribute("height", "768");
elem.setAttribute("width", "1024");
elem.setAttribute("alt", "Flower");
document.getElementById("placehere").appendChild(elem);
}
</script>
<div id="placehere">
</div>
</body>
</html>
To prove my point, see this with the onload and this without the onload. Fire up the console and you'll find an error stating that the div doesn't exist or cannot find appendChild method of null.
I understand using a global variable is sometimes the most convenient thing to do, especially in cases where usage of class makes the easiest thing so much harder (e.g., multiprocessing
). I ran into the same problem with declaring global variables and figured it out with some experiments.
The reason that g_c
was not changed by the run
function within your class is that the referencing to the global name within g_c
was not established precisely within the function. The way Python handles global declaration is in fact quite tricky. The command global g_c
has two effects:
Preconditions the entrance of the key "g_c"
into the dictionary accessible by the built-in function, globals()
. However, the key will not appear in the dictionary until after a value is assigned to it.
(Potentially) alters the way Python looks for the variable g_c
within the current method.
The full understanding of (2) is particularly complex. First of all, it only potentially alters, because if no assignment to the name g_c
occurs within the method, then Python defaults to searching for it among the globals()
. This is actually a fairly common thing, as is the case of referencing within a method modules that are imported all the way at the beginning of the code.
However, if an assignment command occurs anywhere within the method, Python defaults to finding the name g_c
within local variables. This is true even when a referencing occurs before an actual assignment, which will lead to the classic error:
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'g_c' referenced before assignment
Now, if the declaration global g_c
occurs anywhere within the method, even after any referencing or assignment, then Python defaults to finding the name g_c
within global variables. However, if you are feeling experimentative and place the declaration after a reference, you will be rewarded with a warning:
SyntaxWarning: name 'g_c' is used prior to global declaration
If you think about it, the way the global declaration works in Python is clearly woven into and consistent with how Python normally works. It's just when you actually want a global variable to work, the norm becomes annoying.
Here is a code that summarizes what I just said (with a few more observations):
g_c = 0
print ("Initial value of g_c: " + str(g_c))
print("Variable defined outside of method automatically global? "
+ str("g_c" in globals()))
class TestClass():
def direct_print(self):
print("Directly printing g_c without declaration or modification: "
+ str(g_c))
#Without any local reference to the name
#Python defaults to search for the variable in globals()
#This of course happens for all the module names you import
def mod_without_dec(self):
g_c = 1
#A local assignment without declaring reference to global variable
#makes Python default to access local name
print ("After mod_without_dec, local g_c=" + str(g_c))
print ("After mod_without_dec, global g_c=" + str(globals()["g_c"]))
def mod_with_late_dec(self):
g_c = 2
#Even with a late declaration, the global variable is accessed
#However, a syntax warning will be issued
global g_c
print ("After mod_with_late_dec, local g_c=" + str(g_c))
print ("After mod_with_late_dec, global g_c=" + str(globals()["g_c"]))
def mod_without_dec_error(self):
try:
print("This is g_c" + str(g_c))
except:
print("Error occured while accessing g_c")
#If you try to access g_c without declaring it global
#but within the method you also alter it at some point
#then Python will not search for the name in globals()
#!!!!!Even if the assignment command occurs later!!!!!
g_c = 3
def sound_practice(self):
global g_c
#With correct declaration within the method
#The local name g_c becomes an alias for globals()["g_c"]
g_c = 4
print("In sound_practice, the name g_c points to: " + str(g_c))
t = TestClass()
t.direct_print()
t.mod_without_dec()
t.mod_with_late_dec()
t.mod_without_dec_error()
t.sound_practice()
When the iFrame points to your site like this:
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/jquery.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<iframe id="my_frame" src="/wherev"></iframe>
</body>
</html>
You can access iFrame DOM through this kind of thing.
var iframeBody = $(window.my_frame.document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0]);
iframeBody.append($("<h1/>").html("Hello world!"));
Simply declare length to be a cons, if it is not then you should be allocating memory dynamically
Following this good answer, I'd use these options for a bar chart:
var chartOptions = {
animation: false,
responsive : true,
tooltipTemplate: "<%= value %>",
tooltipFillColor: "rgba(0,0,0,0)",
tooltipFontColor: "#444",
tooltipEvents: [],
tooltipCaretSize: 0,
onAnimationComplete: function()
{
this.showTooltip(this.datasets[0].bars, true);
}
};
window.myBar = new Chart(ctx1).Bar(chartData, chartOptions);
This still uses the tooltip system and his advantages (automatic positionning, templating, ...) but hiding the decorations (background color, caret, ...)
While you can execute backup commands from PHP, they don't really have anything to do with PHP. It's all about MySQL.
I'd suggest using the mysqldump utility to back up your database. The documentation can be found here : http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/mysqldump.html.
The basic usage of mysqldump is
mysqldump -u user_name -p name-of-database >file_to_write_to.sql
You can then restore the backup with a command like
mysql -u user_name -p <file_to_read_from.sql
Do you have access to cron? I'd suggest making a PHP script that runs mysqldump as a cron job. That would be something like
<?php
$filename='database_backup_'.date('G_a_m_d_y').'.sql';
$result=exec('mysqldump database_name --password=your_pass --user=root --single-transaction >/var/backups/'.$filename,$output);
if(empty($output)){/* no output is good */}
else {/* we have something to log the output here*/}
If mysqldump is not available, the article describes another method, using the SELECT INTO OUTFILE
and LOAD DATA INFILE
commands. The only connection to PHP is that you're using PHP to connect to the database and execute the SQL commands. You could also do this from the command line MySQL program, the MySQL monitor.
It's pretty simple, you're writing an SQL file with one command, and loading/executing it when it's time to restore.
You can find the docs for select into outfile here (just search the page for outfile). LOAD DATA INFILE is essentially the reverse of this. See here for the docs.
It can be done with simple Makefile:
sleep%:
sleep $(subst sleep,,$@)
@echo $@ done.
Use -j
option.
$ make -j sleep3 sleep2 sleep1
sleep 3
sleep 2
sleep 1
sleep1 done.
sleep2 done.
sleep3 done.
Without -j
option it executes in serial.
$ make -j sleep3 sleep2 sleep1
sleep 3
sleep3 done.
sleep 2
sleep2 done.
sleep 1
sleep1 done.
You can also do dry run with `-n' option.
$ make -j -n sleep3 sleep2 sleep1
sleep 3
sleep 2
sleep 1
Note: The .as_matrix()
method used in this answer is deprecated. Pandas 0.23.4 warns:
Method
.as_matrix
will be removed in a future version. Use .values instead.
Pandas has something built in...
numpy_matrix = df.as_matrix()
gives
array([[nan, 0.2, nan],
[nan, nan, 0.5],
[nan, 0.2, 0.5],
[0.1, 0.2, nan],
[0.1, 0.2, 0.5],
[0.1, nan, 0.5],
[0.1, nan, nan]])
a = 1.0123456789
dec = 3 # keep this many decimals
p = 10 # raise 10 to this power
a * 10 ** p // 10 ** (p - dec) / 10 ** dec
>>> 1.012
process.cwd()
returns directory where command has been executed (not directory of the node package) if it's has not been changed by 'process.chdir' inside of application.__filename
returns absolute path to file where it is placed.__dirname
returns absolute path to directory of __filename
.If you need to load files from your module directory you need to use relative paths.
require('../lib/test');
instead of
var lib = path.join(path.dirname(fs.realpathSync(__filename)), '../lib');
require(lib + '/test');
It's always relative to file where it called from and don't depend on current work dir.
For c++ use std::array<int/*type*/, 10/*size*/>
instead of c-style array. This is available with c++11 standard, and which is a good practice. See it here for standard and examples. If you want to stick to old c-style arrays for reasons, there two possible ways:
int *a = new int[5]();
Here leave the parenthesis empty, otherwise it will give compile error. This will initialize all the elements in the allocated array. Here if you don't use the parenthesis, it will still initialize the integer values with zeros because new will call the constructor, which is in this case int()
.int *a = new int[5] {0, 0, 0};
This is allowed in c++11 standard. Here you can initialize array elements with any value you want. Here make sure your initializer list(values in {}) size should not be greater than your array size. Initializer list size less than array size is fine. Remaining values in array will be initialized with 0.I had the same problem a few weeks ago like yours; but I invented a brilliant solution for exchanging variables between PHP and JavaScript. It worked for me well:
Create a hidden form on a HTML page
Create a Textbox or Textarea in that hidden form
After all of your code written in the script, store the final value of your variable in that textbox
Use $_REQUEST['textbox name'] line in your PHP to gain access to value of your JavaScript variable.
I hope this trick works for you.
Kotlin Code for accessing toolbar OptionsMenu items programmatically & change the text/icon ,..:
1-We have our menu item in menu items file like: menu.xml, sample code for this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<item android:id="@+id/balance"
android:title="0"
android:orderInCategory="100"
app:showAsAction="always" />
</menu>
2- Define a variable for accessing menu object in class :
var menu: Menu? = null
3- initial it in onCreateOptionsMenu :
override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu): Boolean {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.main, menu)
this.menu = menu
return true
}
4- Access the menu items inside your code or fun :
private fun initialBalanceMenuItemOnToolbar() {
var menuItemBalance = menu?.findItem(R.id.balance)
menuItemBalance?.title = Balance?.toString() ?: 0.toString()
// for change icon : menuWalletBalance?.icon
}
Easiest way to do it with javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter
:
String hex = "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";
byte[] s = DatatypeConverter.parseHexBinary(hex);
System.out.println(new String(s));
Another possible option would be to use Datejs
Then you can do
Date.getDaysInMonth(2009, 9)
Although adding a library just for this function is overkill, it's always nice to know all the options you have available to you :)
Your question almost spells the SQL for this:
DELETE FROM table WHERE id IN (1, 4, 6, 7)
Yes.
It is a good practice since an element can be a part of different groups, and you may want specific elements to be a part of more than one group. The element can hold an infinite number of classes in HTML5, while in HTML4 you are limited by a specific length.
The following example will show you the use of multiple classes.
The first class makes the text color
red.
The second class makes the background-color
blue.
See how the DOM Element with multiple classes will behave, it will wear both CSS statements at the same time.
Result: multiple CSS statements in different classes will stack up.
You can read more about CSS Specificity.
.class1 {
color:red;
}
.class2 {
background-color:blue;
}
<div class="class1">text 1</div>
<div class="class2">text 2</div>
<div class="class1 class2">text 3</div>
Type Conversions T() where T is the desired datatype of the result are quite simple in GoLang.
In my program, I scan an integer i from the user input, perform a type conversion on it and store it in the variable f. The output prints the float64
equivalent of the int
input. float32
datatype is also available in GoLang
Code:
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
var i int
fmt.Println("Enter an Integer input: ")
fmt.Scanf("%d", &i)
f := float64(i)
fmt.Printf("The float64 representation of %d is %f\n", i, f)
}
Solution:
>>> Enter an Integer input:
>>> 232332
>>> The float64 representation of 232332 is 232332.000000
You can use a sort function :
var myarray=[25, 8, 7, 41]
myarray.sort( function(a,b) { return b - a; } );
// 7 8 25 41
Look at http://www.javascriptkit.com/javatutors/arraysort.shtml
Another simple way ( might not be the best practice) but works like charm. Build the HTML tag of your element(hyperLink or Button) dynamically with javascript, and can pass multiple parameters as well.
// variable to hold the HTML Tags
var ProductButtonsHTML ="";
//Run your loop
for (var i = 0; i < ProductsJson.length; i++){
// Build the <input> Tag with the required parameters for Onclick call. Use double quotes.
ProductButtonsHTML += " <input type='button' value='" + ProductsJson[i].DisplayName + "'
onclick = \"BuildCartById('" + ProductsJson[i].SKU+ "'," + ProductsJson[i].Id + ")\"></input> ";
}
// Add the Tags to the Div's innerHTML.
document.getElementById("divProductsMenuStrip").innerHTML = ProductButtonsHTML;
I cannot find where I read it at, but I believe gmail utilizes an open TCP connection to do the e-mail push.
The answers above were all assuming your Python distribution would have some third-party libraries in order to achieve the "one liner python ftpd" goal, but that is not the case of what @zio was asking. Also, SimpleHTTPServer involves web broswer for downloading files, it's not quick enough.
Python can't do ftpd by itself, but you can use netcat, nc
:
nc
is basically a built-in tool from any UNIX-like systems (even embedded systems), so it's perfect for "quick and temporary way to transfer files".
Step 1, on the receiver side, run:
nc -l 12345 | tar -xf -
this will listen on port 12345, waiting for data.
Step 2, on the sender side:
tar -cf - ALL_FILES_YOU_WANT_TO_SEND ... | nc $RECEIVER_IP 12345
You can also put pv
in the middle to monitor the progress of transferring:
tar -cf - ALL_FILES_YOU_WANT_TO_SEND ...| pv | nc $RECEIVER_IP 12345
After the transferring is finished, both sides of nc
will quit automatically, and job done.
I finally found the answer for 2019. You need to add 'IIS APPPOOL\DefaultAppPool' to the list of users that have security rights to the directory that is to be modified. Make sure they have full rights.
For completely wiping a folder with native commands and getting a log on what's been done.
here's an unusual way to do it :
let's assume we want to clear the d:\temp dir
mkdir d:\empty
robocopy /mir d:\empty d:\temp
rmdir d:\empty
I installed the 8.1 SDK's version:
https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/sdk-archive
It used 1GB (a little more) in the installation.
Update October, 9. There's a https error: the sdksetup link is https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=323507
"Save link as" should help.
if adb command not found.
-----------------------------
Install homebrew
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"
Install adb
brew install android-platform-tools
---------------------------
Connect the device now.
Start using adb
adb devices
List of devices attached
DUM0219A21000314 device
the first item is device id.
adb -s <device id> tcpip 5555
adb -s DUM0219A21000314 tcpip 5555
restarting in TCP mode port: 5555
Find the local IP address of your Android device. You can find this information in the quick settings drop-down menu by pressing / long pressing the WiFi icon and then clicking on the WiFi network you are connected to.
adb connect <IP address>:5555
adb connect 192.168.2.2:5555
connected to 192.168.2.2:5555
Don't forget! Allow ADB debugging in charge only mode enabled before connecting the device
I had issues with delete all method when using RxJava to execute this task on background. This is how I finally solved it:
@Dao
interface UserDao {
@Query("DELETE FROM User")
fun deleteAll()
}
and
fun deleteAllUsers() {
return Maybe.fromAction(userDao::deleteAll)
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe ({
d("database rows cleared: $it")
}, {
e(it)
}).addTo(compositeDisposable)
}
Everytime you save MAMP config (PHP section), it saves the current version of PHP on ~/.profile
file and creates the alias for php, pear and pecl, to point to the current configured version. (Note: you need to check "Make this version available on the command line" option in MAMP)
However, you need to refresh your terminal (open another session) to get this file refreshed. You can also type source ~/.profile
to refesh the aliases manually.
If you want to extract this curerent version in a PHP_VERSION variable - as commented above - for further use, you can do:
export PHP_VERSION=`grep "alias php" ~/.profile | cut -d"/" -f6 | cut -c4-`
And then you'll have $PHP_VERSION available with the current version of MAMP.
Finally, if you want to run your php using the current configured version on mamp, you just need to add to your ~/.bash_profile
the following:
export PHP_VERSION=`grep "alias php" ~/.profile | cut -d"/" -f6 | cut -c4-`
export PHPRC="/Library/Application Support/appsolute/MAMP PRO/conf/" #point to your php.ini folder to use the same php settings
export PATH=/Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php$PHP_VERSION/bin:$PATH
Now, even script that relies on /usr/bin/env php
will read the correct version from Mamp config.
zip update.zip $(git diff --name-only commit commit)
That file has a listen-port element - that should be what you need to change, although it is currently set to 8080, not 7001.
This would be my approach:
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
int main()
{
const int SIZE = 10;
int arr [SIZE] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
std::reverse(std::begin(arr), std::end(arr));
...
}
The problem is that you are setting the Content-Type
by yourself, let it be blank. Google Chrome will do it for you. The multipart Content-Type
needs to know the file boundary, and when you remove the Content-Type
, Postman will do it automagically for you.
you can use json_decode
function
foreach (json_decode($response) as $area)
{
print_r($area); // this is your area from json response
}
See this fiddle
<table>
<tr><td><img ...><td><img ...>
<tr><td>caption1<td>caption2
</table>
Style as desired.
There is a hidden cost in removing elements from an ArrayList. Each time you delete an element, you need to move the elements to fill the "hole". On average, this will take N / 2
assignments for a list with N elements.
So removing M elements from an N element ArrayList is O(M * N)
on average. An O(N) solution involves creating a new list. For example.
List data = ...;
List newData = new ArrayList(data.size());
for (Iterator i = data.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
Object element = i.next();
if ((...)) {
newData.add(element);
}
}
If N is large, my guess is that this approach will be faster than the remove
approach for values of M as small as 3 or 4.
But it is important to create newList
large enough to hold all elements in list
to avoid copying the backing array when it is expanded.
Add System.Web.Extensions as a reference to your project
For Ref.
Yes using Option Explicit
is a good habit. Using .Select
however is not :) it reduces the speed of the code. Also fully justify sheet names else the code will always run for the Activesheet
which might not be what you actually wanted.
Is this what you are trying?
Option Explicit
Sub Sample()
Dim lastRow As Long, i As Long
Dim CopyRange As Range
'~~> Change Sheet1 to relevant sheet name
With Sheets("Sheet1")
lastRow = .Range("A" & .Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row
For i = 2 To lastRow
If Len(Trim(.Range("A" & i).Value)) <> 0 Then
If CopyRange Is Nothing Then
Set CopyRange = .Rows(i)
Else
Set CopyRange = Union(CopyRange, .Rows(i))
End If
Else
Exit For
End If
Next
If Not CopyRange Is Nothing Then
'~~> Change Sheet2 to relevant sheet name
CopyRange.Copy Sheets("Sheet2").Rows(1)
End If
End With
End Sub
NOTE
If if you have data from Row 2 till Row 10 and row 11 is blank and then you have data again from Row 12 then the above code will only copy data from Row 2 till Row 10
If you want to copy all rows which have data then use this code.
Option Explicit
Sub Sample()
Dim lastRow As Long, i As Long
Dim CopyRange As Range
'~~> Change Sheet1 to relevant sheet name
With Sheets("Sheet1")
lastRow = .Range("A" & .Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row
For i = 2 To lastRow
If Len(Trim(.Range("A" & i).Value)) <> 0 Then
If CopyRange Is Nothing Then
Set CopyRange = .Rows(i)
Else
Set CopyRange = Union(CopyRange, .Rows(i))
End If
End If
Next
If Not CopyRange Is Nothing Then
'~~> Change Sheet2 to relevant sheet name
CopyRange.Copy Sheets("Sheet2").Rows(1)
End If
End With
End Sub
Hope this is what you wanted?
Sid
can try this
select (CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),GETDATE()+360,110)) as Date_Result
Use SwipeListView and let it handle the gesture detection for you.
You can try this website http://www.decompileandroid.com Just upload the .apk file and rest of it will be done by this site.
The docs give a fair indicator of what's required., however requests
allow us to skip a few steps:
You only need to install the security
package extras (thanks @admdrew for pointing it out)
$ pip install requests[security]
or, install them directly:
$ pip install pyopenssl ndg-httpsclient pyasn1
Requests will then automatically inject pyopenssl
into urllib3
If you're on ubuntu, you may run into trouble installing pyopenssl
, you'll need these dependencies:
$ apt-get install libffi-dev libssl-dev
I know, it is long ago, but since the easiest answer was not yet posted I will do so for other user that might step by.
Just move the var inside the "name" block:
- name: Download apache
vars:
url: czxcxz
shell: wget {{url}}
scope - https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.profile
return youraccess_token = access_token
get https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/userinfo?alt=json&access_token=youraccess_token
you will get json:
{
"id": "xx",
"name": "xx",
"given_name": "xx",
"family_name": "xx",
"link": "xx",
"picture": "xx",
"gender": "xx",
"locale": "xx"
}
To Tahir Yasin:
This is a php example.
You can use json_decode function to get userInfo array.
$q = 'https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/userinfo?access_token=xxx';
$json = file_get_contents($q);
$userInfoArray = json_decode($json,true);
$googleEmail = $userInfoArray['email'];
$googleFirstName = $userInfoArray['given_name'];
$googleLastName = $userInfoArray['family_name'];
This could be because your CSV file has embedded single or double quotes. If your CSV file is tab-delimited try opening it as:
c = csv.reader(f, delimiter='\t', quoting=csv.QUOTE_NONE)
Gilean's answer is great, but I just wanted to add that sometimes there are rare exceptions to best practices, and you might want to test your environment both ways to see what will work best.
In one case, I found that query
worked faster for my purposes because I was bulk transferring trusted data from an Ubuntu Linux box running PHP7 with the poorly supported Microsoft ODBC driver for MS SQL Server.
I arrived at this question because I had a long running script for an ETL that I was trying to squeeze for speed. It seemed intuitive to me that query
could be faster than prepare
& execute
because it was calling only one function instead of two. The parameter binding operation provides excellent protection, but it might be expensive and possibly avoided if unnecessary.
Given a couple rare conditions:
If you can't reuse a prepared statement because it's not supported by the Microsoft ODBC driver.
If you're not worried about sanitizing input and simple escaping is acceptable. This may be the case because binding certain datatypes isn't supported by the Microsoft ODBC driver.
PDO::lastInsertId
is not supported by the Microsoft ODBC driver.
Here's a method I used to test my environment, and hopefully you can replicate it or something better in yours:
To start, I've created a basic table in Microsoft SQL Server
CREATE TABLE performancetest (
sid INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
id INT,
val VARCHAR(100)
);
And now a basic timed test for performance metrics.
$logs = [];
$test = function (String $type, Int $count = 3000) use ($pdo, &$logs) {
$start = microtime(true);
$i = 0;
while ($i < $count) {
$sql = "INSERT INTO performancetest (id, val) OUTPUT INSERTED.sid VALUES ($i,'value $i')";
if ($type === 'query') {
$smt = $pdo->query($sql);
} else {
$smt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
$smt ->execute();
}
$sid = $smt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)['sid'];
$i++;
}
$total = (microtime(true) - $start);
$logs[$type] []= $total;
echo "$total $type\n";
};
$trials = 15;
$i = 0;
while ($i < $trials) {
if (random_int(0,1) === 0) {
$test('query');
} else {
$test('prepare');
}
$i++;
}
foreach ($logs as $type => $log) {
$total = 0;
foreach ($log as $record) {
$total += $record;
}
$count = count($log);
echo "($count) $type Average: ".$total/$count.PHP_EOL;
}
I've played with multiple different trial and counts in my specific environment, and consistently get between 20-30% faster results with query
than prepare
/execute
5.8128969669342 prepare
5.8688418865204 prepare
4.2948560714722 query
4.9533629417419 query
5.9051351547241 prepare
4.332102060318 query
5.9672858715057 prepare
5.0667371749878 query
3.8260300159454 query
4.0791549682617 query
4.3775160312653 query
3.6910600662231 query
5.2708210945129 prepare
6.2671611309052 prepare
7.3791449069977 prepare
(7) prepare Average: 6.0673267160143
(8) query Average: 4.3276024162769
I'm curious to see how this test compares in other environments, like MySQL.
@Gadde - your answer was very helpful. Thank you! I needed a "Maps"-like zoom for a div and was able to produce the feel I needed with your post. My criteria included the need to have the click repeat and continue to zoom out/in with each click. Below is my final result.
var currentZoom = 1.0;
$(document).ready(function () {
$('#btn_ZoomIn').click(
function () {
$('#divName').animate({ 'zoom': currentZoom += .1 }, 'slow');
})
$('#btn_ZoomOut').click(
function () {
$('#divName').animate({ 'zoom': currentZoom -= .1 }, 'slow');
})
$('#btn_ZoomReset').click(
function () {
currentZoom = 1.0
$('#divName').animate({ 'zoom': 1 }, 'slow');
})
});