SyntaxFix.com - Programming Questions & Answers Hub For Beginners


Some Of The Best Answers From Latest Asked Questions

Remove columns from DataTable in C#

To remove all columns after the one you want, below code should work. It will remove at index 10 (remember Columns are 0 based), until the Column count is 10 or less.

DataTable dt;
int desiredSize = 10;

while (dt.Columns.Count > desiredSize)
{
   dt.Columns.RemoveAt(desiredSize);
}

What datatype should be used for storing phone numbers in SQL Server 2005?

SQL Server 2005 is pretty well optimized for substring queries for text in indexed varchar fields. For 2005 they introduced new statistics to the string summary for index fields. This helps significantly with full text searching.

Is there a PowerShell "string does not contain" cmdlet or syntax?

You can use the -notmatch operator to get the lines that don't have the characters you are interested in.

     Get-Content $FileName | foreach-object { 
     if ($_ -notmatch $arrayofStringsNotInterestedIn) { $) }

Any tools to generate an XSD schema from an XML instance document?

If all you want is XSD, LiquidXML has a free version that does XSDs, and its got a GUI to it so you can tweak the XSD if you like. Anyways nowadays I write my own XSDs by hand, but its all thanks to this app.

http://www.liquid-technologies.com/

Bash or KornShell (ksh)?

@foxxtrot

Actually, the standard shell is Bourne shell (sh). /bin/sh on Linux is actually bash, but if you're aiming for cross-platform scripts, you're better off sticking to features of the original Bourne shell or writing it in something like perl.

How to run a script as root on Mac OS X?

sudo ./scriptname

sudo bash will basically switch you over to running a shell as root, although it's probably best to stay as su as little as possible.

How do I check CPU and Memory Usage in Java?

package mkd.Utils;

import java.io.File;
import java.text.NumberFormat;

public class systemInfo {

    private Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();

    public String Info() {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.append(this.OsInfo());
        sb.append(this.MemInfo());
        sb.append(this.DiskInfo());
        return sb.toString();
    }

    public String OSname() {
        return System.getProperty("os.name");
    }

    public String OSversion() {
        return System.getProperty("os.version");
    }

    public String OsArch() {
        return System.getProperty("os.arch");
    }

    public long totalMem() {
        return Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory();
    }

    public long usedMem() {
        return Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() - Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory();
    }

    public String MemInfo() {
        NumberFormat format = NumberFormat.getInstance();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        long maxMemory = runtime.maxMemory();
        long allocatedMemory = runtime.totalMemory();
        long freeMemory = runtime.freeMemory();
        sb.append("Free memory: ");
        sb.append(format.format(freeMemory / 1024));
        sb.append("<br/>");
        sb.append("Allocated memory: ");
        sb.append(format.format(allocatedMemory / 1024));
        sb.append("<br/>");
        sb.append("Max memory: ");
        sb.append(format.format(maxMemory / 1024));
        sb.append("<br/>");
        sb.append("Total free memory: ");
        sb.append(format.format((freeMemory + (maxMemory - allocatedMemory)) / 1024));
        sb.append("<br/>");
        return sb.toString();

    }

    public String OsInfo() {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.append("OS: ");
        sb.append(this.OSname());
        sb.append("<br/>");
        sb.append("Version: ");
        sb.append(this.OSversion());
        sb.append("<br/>");
        sb.append(": ");
        sb.append(this.OsArch());
        sb.append("<br/>");
        sb.append("Available processors (cores): ");
        sb.append(runtime.availableProcessors());
        sb.append("<br/>");
        return sb.toString();
    }

    public String DiskInfo() {
        /* Get a list of all filesystem roots on this system */
        File[] roots = File.listRoots();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        /* For each filesystem root, print some info */
        for (File root : roots) {
            sb.append("File system root: ");
            sb.append(root.getAbsolutePath());
            sb.append("<br/>");
            sb.append("Total space (bytes): ");
            sb.append(root.getTotalSpace());
            sb.append("<br/>");
            sb.append("Free space (bytes): ");
            sb.append(root.getFreeSpace());
            sb.append("<br/>");
            sb.append("Usable space (bytes): ");
            sb.append(root.getUsableSpace());
            sb.append("<br/>");
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

How do you force a CIFS connection to unmount

Try umount -f /mnt/share. Works OK with NFS, never tried with cifs.

Also, take a look at autofs, it will mount the share only when accessed, and will unmount it afterworlds.

There is a good tutorial at www.howtoforge.net

How to convert DateTime to VarChar

Try the following:

CONVERT(varchar(10), [MyDateTimecolumn], 20)

For a full date time and not just date do:

CONVERT(varchar(23), [MyDateTimecolumn], 121)

See this page for convert styles:

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187928.aspx
OR
SQL Server CONVERT() Function

How to do INSERT into a table records extracted from another table

inserting data form one table to another table in different DATABASE

insert into DocTypeGroup 
    Select DocGrp_Id,DocGrp_SubId,DocGrp_GroupName,DocGrp_PM,DocGrp_DocType 
    from Opendatasource( 'SQLOLEDB','Data Source=10.132.20.19;UserID=sa;Password=gchaturthi').dbIPFMCI.dbo.DocTypeGroup

How to convert numbers between hexadecimal and decimal

It looks like you can say

Convert.ToInt64(value, 16)

to get the decimal from hexdecimal.

The other way around is:

otherVar.ToString("X");

What is the difference between explicit and implicit cursors in Oracle?

An explicit cursor is defined as such in a declaration block:

DECLARE 
CURSOR cur IS 
  SELECT columns FROM table WHERE condition;
BEGIN
...

an implicit cursor is implented directly in a code block:

...
BEGIN
   SELECT columns INTO variables FROM table where condition;
END;
...

Dropdownlist width in IE

Its tested in all version of IE, Chrome, FF & Safari

JavaScript code:

<!-- begin hiding
function expandSELECT(sel) {
  sel.style.width = '';
}

function contractSELECT(sel) {
  sel.style.width = '100px';
}
// end hiding -->

Html code:

<select name="sideeffect" id="sideeffect"  style="width:100px;" onfocus="expandSELECT(this);" onblur="contractSELECT(this);" >
  <option value="0" selected="selected" readonly="readonly">Select</option>
  <option value="1" >Apple</option>
  <option value="2" >Orange + Banana + Grapes</option>

String vs. StringBuilder

To clarify what Gillian said about 4 string, if you have something like this:

string a,b,c,d;
 a = b + c + d;

then it would be faster using strings and the plus operator. This is because (like Java, as Eric points out), it internally uses StringBuilder automatically (Actually, it uses a primitive that StringBuilder also uses)

However, if what you are doing is closer to:

string a,b,c,d;
 a = a + b;
 a = a + c;
 a = a + d;

Then you need to explicitly use a StringBuilder. .Net doesn't automatically create a StringBuilder here, because it would be pointless. At the end of each line, "a" has to be an (immutable) string, so it would have to create and dispose a StringBuilder on each line. For speed, you'd need to use the same StringBuilder until you're done building:

string a,b,c,d;
StringBuilder e = new StringBuilder();
 e.Append(b);
 e.Append(c);
 e.Append(d);
 a = e.ToString();

Iterating through all the cells in Excel VBA or VSTO 2005

Sub CheckValues1()
    Dim rwIndex As Integer
    Dim colIndex As Integer
    For rwIndex = 1 To 10
            For colIndex = 1 To 5
                If Cells(rwIndex, colIndex).Value <> 0 Then _
                    Cells(rwIndex, colIndex).Value = 0
            Next colIndex
    Next rwIndex
End Sub

Found this snippet on http://www.java2s.com/Code/VBA-Excel-Access-Word/Excel/Checksvaluesinarange10rowsby5columns.htm It seems to be quite useful as a function to illustrate the means to check values in cells in an ordered fashion.

Just imagine it as being a 2d Array of sorts and apply the same logic to loop through cells.

What is the dual table in Oracle?

It's a sort of dummy table with a single record used for selecting when you're not actually interested in the data, but instead want the results of some system function in a select statement:

e.g. select sysdate from dual;

See http://www.adp-gmbh.ch/ora/misc/dual.html

How can I start an interactive console for Perl?

There isn't an interactive console for Perl built in like Python does. You can however use the Perl Debugger to do debugging related things. You turn it on with the -d option, but you might want to check out 'man perldebug' to learn about it.

After a bit of googling, there is a separate project that implements a Perl console which you can find at http://www.sukria.net/perlconsole.html.

Hope this helps!

How to terminate a Python script

You can also use simply exit().

Keep in mind that sys.exit(), exit(), quit(), and os._exit(0) kill the Python interpreter. Therefore, if it appears in a script called from another script by execfile(), it stops execution of both scripts.

See "Stop execution of a script called with execfile" to avoid this.

How to duplicate a whole line in Vim?

copy and paste in vim

Doesn't get any simpler than this! From normal mode:

yy

then move to the line you want to paste at and

p

How do I sort a list of dictionaries by a value of the dictionary?

import operator

To sort the list of dictionaries by key='name':

list_of_dicts.sort(key=operator.itemgetter('name'))

To sort the list of dictionaries by key='age':

list_of_dicts.sort(key=operator.itemgetter('age'))

How to do relative imports in Python?

I found it's more easy to set "PYTHONPATH" enviroment variable to the top folder:

bash$ export PYTHONPATH=/PATH/TO/APP

then:

import sub1.func1
#...more import

of course, PYTHONPATH is "global", but it didn't raise trouble for me yet.

How do I capitalize first letter of first name and last name in C#?

Mc and Mac are common surname prefixes throughout the US, and there are others. TextInfo.ToTitleCase doesn't handle those cases and shouldn't be used for this purpose. Here's how I'm doing it:

    public static string ToTitleCase(string str)
    {
        string result = str;
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(str))
        {
            var words = str.Split(' ');
            for (int index = 0; index < words.Length; index++)
            {
                var s = words[index];
                if (s.Length > 0)
                {
                    words[index] = s[0].ToString().ToUpper() + s.Substring(1);
                }
            }
            result = string.Join(" ", words);
        }
        return result;
    }

How do you detect Credit card type based on number?

Swift 2.1 Version of Usman Y's answer. Use a print statement to verify so call by some string value

print(self.validateCardType(self.creditCardField.text!))

func validateCardType(testCard: String) -> String {

    let regVisa = "^4[0-9]{12}(?:[0-9]{3})?$"
    let regMaster = "^5[1-5][0-9]{14}$"
    let regExpress = "^3[47][0-9]{13}$"
    let regDiners = "^3(?:0[0-5]|[68][0-9])[0-9]{11}$"
    let regDiscover = "^6(?:011|5[0-9]{2})[0-9]{12}$"
    let regJCB = "^(?:2131|1800|35\\d{3})\\d{11}$"


    let regVisaTest = NSPredicate(format: "SELF MATCHES %@", regVisa)
    let regMasterTest = NSPredicate(format: "SELF MATCHES %@", regMaster)
    let regExpressTest = NSPredicate(format: "SELF MATCHES %@", regExpress)
    let regDinersTest = NSPredicate(format: "SELF MATCHES %@", regDiners)
    let regDiscoverTest = NSPredicate(format: "SELF MATCHES %@", regDiscover)
    let regJCBTest = NSPredicate(format: "SELF MATCHES %@", regJCB)


    if regVisaTest.evaluateWithObject(testCard){
        return "Visa"
    }
    else if regMasterTest.evaluateWithObject(testCard){
        return "MasterCard"
    }

    else if regExpressTest.evaluateWithObject(testCard){
        return "American Express"
    }

    else if regDinersTest.evaluateWithObject(testCard){
        return "Diners Club"
    }

    else if regDiscoverTest.evaluateWithObject(testCard){
        return "Discover"
    }

    else if regJCBTest.evaluateWithObject(testCard){
        return "JCB"
    }

    return ""

}

Accessing Websites through a Different Port?

If your question is about IIS(or other server) configuration - yes, it's possible. All you need is to create ports mapping under your Default Site or Virtual Directory and assign specific ports to the site you need. For example it is sometimes very useful for web services, when default port is assigned to some UI front-end and you want to assign service to the same address but with different port.

How often should Oracle database statistics be run?

When I was managing a large multi-user planning system backed by Oracle, our DBA had a weekly job that gathered statistics. Also, when we rolled out a significant change that could affect or be affected by statistics, we would force the job to run out of cycle to get things caught up.

How do I migrate an SVN repository with history to a new Git repository?

Create a users file (i.e. users.txt) for mapping SVN users to Git:

user1 = First Last Name <[email protected]>
user2 = First Last Name <[email protected]>
...

You can use this one-liner to build a template from your existing SVN repository:

svn log -q | awk -F '|' '/^r/ {sub("^ ", "", $2); sub(" $", "", $2); print $2" = "$2" <"$2">"}' | sort -u > users.txt

SVN will stop if it finds a missing SVN user not in the file. But after that you can update the file and pick-up where you left off.

Now pull the SVN data from the repository:

git svn clone --stdlayout --no-metadata --authors-file=users.txt svn://hostname/path dest_dir-tmp

This command will create a new Git repository in dest_dir-tmp and start pulling the SVN repository. Note that the "--stdlayout" flag implies you have the common "trunk/, branches/, tags/" SVN layout. If your layout differs, become familiar with --tags, --branches, --trunk options (in general git svn help).

All common protocols are allowed: svn://, http://, https://. The URL should target the base repository, something like http://svn.mycompany.com/myrepo/repository. The URL string must not include /trunk, /tag or /branches.

Note that after executing this command it very often looks like the operation is "hanging/freezed", and it's quite normal that it can be stuck for a long time after initializing the new repository. Eventually you will then see log messages which indicates that it's migrating.

Also note that if you omit the --no-metadata flag, Git will append information about the corresponding SVN revision to the commit message (i.e. git-svn-id: svn://svn.mycompany.com/myrepo/<branchname/trunk>@<RevisionNumber> <Repository UUID>)

If a user name is not found, update your users.txt file then:

cd dest_dir-tmp
git svn fetch

You might have to repeat that last command several times, if you have a large project, until all of the Subversion commits have been fetched:

git svn fetch

When completed, Git will checkout the SVN trunk into a new branch. Any other branches are setup as remotes. You can view the other SVN branches with:

git branch -r

If you want to keep other remote branches in your repository, you want to create a local branch for each one manually. (Skip trunk/master.) If you don't do this, the branches won't get cloned in the final step.

git checkout -b local_branch remote_branch
# It's OK if local_branch and remote_branch are the same name

Tags are imported as branches. You have to create a local branch, make a tag and delete the branch to have them as tags in Git. To do it with tag "v1":

git checkout -b tag_v1 remotes/tags/v1
git checkout master
git tag v1 tag_v1
git branch -D tag_v1

Clone your GIT-SVN repository into a clean Git repository:

git clone dest_dir-tmp dest_dir
rm -rf dest_dir-tmp
cd dest_dir

The local branches that you created earlier from remote branches will only have been copied as remote branches into the new cloned repository. (Skip trunk/master.) For each branch you want to keep:

git checkout -b local_branch origin/remote_branch

Finally, remove the remote from your clean Git repository that points to the now deleted temporary repository:

git remote rm origin

Create Generic method constraining T to an Enum

Just for completeness, the following is a Java solution. I am certain the same could be done in C# as well. It avoids having to specify the type anywhere in code - instead, you specify it in the strings you are trying to parse.

The problem is that there isn't any way to know which enumeration the String might match - so the answer is to solve that problem.

Instead of accepting just the string value, accept a String that has both the enumeration and the value in the form "enumeration.value". Working code is below - requires Java 1.8 or later. This would also make the XML more precise as in you would see something like color="Color.red" instead of just color="red".

You would call the acceptEnumeratedValue() method with a string containing the enum name dot value name.

The method returns the formal enumerated value.

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.function.Function;


public class EnumFromString {

    enum NumberEnum {One, Two, Three};
    enum LetterEnum {A, B, C};


    Map<String, Function<String, ? extends Enum>> enumsByName = new HashMap<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EnumFromString efs = new EnumFromString();

        System.out.print("\nFirst string is NumberEnum.Two - enum is " + efs.acceptEnumeratedValue("NumberEnum.Two").name());
        System.out.print("\nSecond string is LetterEnum.B - enum is " + efs.acceptEnumeratedValue("LetterEnum.B").name());

    }

    public EnumFromString() {
        enumsByName.put("NumberEnum", s -> {return NumberEnum.valueOf(s);});
        enumsByName.put("LetterEnum", s -> {return LetterEnum.valueOf(s);});
    }

    public Enum acceptEnumeratedValue(String enumDotValue) {

        int pos = enumDotValue.indexOf(".");

        String enumName = enumDotValue.substring(0, pos);
        String value = enumDotValue.substring(pos + 1);

        Enum enumeratedValue = enumsByName.get(enumName).apply(value);

        return enumeratedValue;
    }


}

Is there a C++ gdb GUI for Linux?

There's one IDE that is missing in this list and which is very efficient (I've used it in many C/C++ projects without any issues): Netbeans.

How do I programmatically set the value of a select box element using JavaScript?


function foo(value)
{
    var e = document.getElementById('leaveCode');
    if(e) e.value = value;
}

Is there an effective tool to convert C# code to Java code?

There is a tool from Microsoft to convert java to C#. For the opposite direction take a look here and here. If this doesn't work out, it should not take too long to convert the source manually because C# and java are very similar,

Deep cloning objects

If your Object Tree is Serializeable you could also use something like this

static public MyClass Clone(MyClass myClass)
{
    MyClass clone;
    XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(typeof(MyClass), _xmlAttributeOverrides);
    using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
    {
        ser.Serialize(ms, myClass);
        ms.Position = 0;
        clone = (MyClass)ser.Deserialize(ms);
    }
    return clone;
}

be informed that this Solution is pretty easy but it's not as performant as other solutions may be.

And be sure that if the Class grows, there will still be only those fields cloned, which also get serialized.

How do you get a string from a MemoryStream?

A slightly modified version of Brian's answer allows optional management of read start, This seems to be the easiest method. probably not the most efficient, but easy to understand and use.

Public Function ReadAll(ByVal memStream As MemoryStream, Optional ByVal startPos As Integer = 0) As String
    ' reset the stream or we'll get an empty string returned
    ' remember the position so we can restore it later
    Dim Pos = memStream.Position
    memStream.Position = startPos

    Dim reader As New StreamReader(memStream)
    Dim str = reader.ReadToEnd()

    ' reset the position so that subsequent writes are correct
    memStream.Position = Pos

    Return str
End Function

Why doesn't Java offer operator overloading?

I think that people making decisions simply forgot about complex values, matrix algebra, set theory and other cases when overloading would allow to use the standard notation without building everything into the language. Anyway, only mathematically oriented software really benefits from such features. A generic customer application almost never needs them.

They arguments about the unnecessary obfuscation are obviously valid when a programmer defines some program-specific operator where it could be the function instead. A name of the function, when clearly visible, provides the hint that it does. Operator is a function without the readable name.

Java is generally designed about philosophy that some extra verbosity is not bad as it makes the code more readable. Constructs that do the same just have less code to type in used to be called a "syntax sugar" in the past. This is very different from the Python philosophy, for instance, where shorter is near always seen as better, even if providing less context for the second reader.

How do you run CMD.exe under the Local System Account?

(Comment)

I can't comment yet, so posting here... I just tried the above OSK.EXE debug trick but regedit instantly closes when I save the filled "C:\windows\system32\cmd.exe" into the already created Debugger key so Microsoft is actively working to block native ways to do this. It is really weird because other things do not trigger this.

Using task scheduler does create a SYSTEM CMD but it is in the system environment and not displayed within a human user profile so this is also now defunct (though it is logical).

Currently on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.20201.1000]

So, at this point it has to be third party software that mediates this and further tricks are being more actively sealed by Microsoft these days.

How to access the last value in a vector?

I use the tail function:

tail(vector, n=1)

The nice thing with tail is that it works on dataframes too, unlike the x[length(x)] idiom.

When to throw an exception?

I would say there are no hard and fast rules on when to use exceptions. However there are good reasons for using or not using them:

Reasons to use exceptions:

  • The code flow for the common case is clearer
  • Can return complex error information as an object (although this can also be achieved using error "out" parameter passed by reference)
  • Languages generally provide some facility for managing tidy cleanup in the event of the exception (try/finally in Java, using in C#, RAII in C++)
  • In the event no exception is thrown, execution can sometimes be faster than checking return codes
  • In Java, checked exceptions must be declared or caught (although this can be a reason against)

Reasons not to use exceptions:

  • Sometimes it's overkill if the error handling is simple
  • If exceptions are not documented or declared, they may be uncaught by calling code, which may be worse than if the the calling code just ignored a return code (application exit vs silent failure - which is worse may depend on the scenario)
  • In C++, code that uses exceptions must be exception safe (even if you don't throw or catch them, but call a throwing function indirectly)
  • In C++, it is hard to tell when a function might throw, therefore you must be paranoid about exception safety if you use them
  • Throwing and catching exceptions is generally significantly more expensive compared to checking a return flag

In general, I would be more inclined to use exceptions in Java than in C++ or C#, because I am of the opinion that an exception, declared or not, is fundamentally part of the formal interface of a function, since changing your exception guarantee may break calling code. The biggest advantage of using them in Java IMO, is that you know that your caller MUST handle the exception, and this improves the chance of correct behaviour.

Because of this, in any language, I would always derive all exceptions in a layer of code or API from a common class, so that calling code can always guarantee to catch all exceptions. Also I would consider it bad to throw exception classes that are implementation-specific, when writing an API or library (i.e. wrap exceptions from lower layers so that the exception that your caller receives is understandable in the context of your interface).

Note that Java makes the distinction between general and Runtime exceptions in that the latter need not be declared. I would only use Runtime exception classes when you know that the error is a result of a bug in the program.

How to automatically generate a stacktrace when my program crashes

I forgot about the GNOME tech of "apport", but I don't know much about using it. It is used to generate stacktraces and other diagnostics for processing and can automatically file bugs. It's certainly worth checking in to.

General guidelines to avoid memory leaks in C++

Use RAII

  • Forget Garbage Collection (Use RAII instead). Note that even the Garbage Collector can leak, too (if you forget to "null" some references in Java/C#), and that Garbage Collector won't help you to dispose of resources (if you have an object which acquired a handle to a file, the file won't be freed automatically when the object will go out of scope if you don't do it manually in Java, or use the "dispose" pattern in C#).
  • Forget the "one return per function" rule. This is a good C advice to avoid leaks, but it is outdated in C++ because of its use of exceptions (use RAII instead).
  • And while the "Sandwich Pattern" is a good C advice, it is outdated in C++ because of its use of exceptions (use RAII instead).

This post seem to be repetitive, but in C++, the most basic pattern to know is RAII.

Learn to use smart pointers, both from boost, TR1 or even the lowly (but often efficient enough) auto_ptr (but you must know its limitations).

RAII is the basis of both exception safety and resource disposal in C++, and no other pattern (sandwich, etc.) will give you both (and most of the time, it will give you none).

See below a comparison of RAII and non RAII code:

void doSandwich()
{
   T * p = new T() ;
   // do something with p
   delete p ; // leak if the p processing throws or return
}

void doRAIIDynamic()
{
   std::auto_ptr<T> p(new T()) ; // you can use other smart pointers, too
   // do something with p
   // WON'T EVER LEAK, even in case of exceptions, returns, breaks, etc.
}

void doRAIIStatic()
{
   T p ;
   // do something with p
   // WON'T EVER LEAK, even in case of exceptions, returns, breaks, etc.
}

About RAII

To summarize (after the comment from Ogre Psalm33), RAII relies on three concepts:

  • Once the object is constructed, it just works! Do acquire resources in the constructor.
  • Object destruction is enough! Do free resources in the destructor.
  • It's all about scopes! Scoped objects (see doRAIIStatic example above) will be constructed at their declaration, and will be destroyed the moment the execution exits the scope, no matter how the exit (return, break, exception, etc.).

This means that in correct C++ code, most objects won't be constructed with new, and will be declared on the stack instead. And for those constructed using new, all will be somehow scoped (e.g. attached to a smart pointer).

As a developer, this is very powerful indeed as you won't need to care about manual resource handling (as done in C, or for some objects in Java which makes intensive use of try/finally for that case)...

Edit (2012-02-12)

"scoped objects ... will be destructed ... no matter the exit" that's not entirely true. there are ways to cheat RAII. any flavour of terminate() will bypass cleanup. exit(EXIT_SUCCESS) is an oxymoron in this regard.

wilhelmtell

wilhelmtell is quite right about that: There are exceptional ways to cheat RAII, all leading to the process abrupt stop.

Those are exceptional ways because C++ code is not littered with terminate, exit, etc., or in the case with exceptions, we do want an unhandled exception to crash the process and core dump its memory image as is, and not after cleaning.

But we must still know about those cases because, while they rarely happen, they can still happen.

(who calls terminate or exit in casual C++ code?... I remember having to deal with that problem when playing with GLUT: This library is very C-oriented, going as far as actively designing it to make things difficult for C++ developers like not caring about stack allocated data, or having "interesting" decisions about never returning from their main loop... I won't comment about that).

SOAP or REST for Web Services?

i create a benchmark for find which of them are faster! i see this result:

for 1000 requests :

  • REST took 3 second
  • SOAP took 7 second

for 10,000 requests :

  • REST took 33 second
  • SOAP took 69 second

for 1,000,000 requests :

  • REST took 62 second
  • SOAP took 114 second

Change the color of a bullet in a html list?

The bullet gets its color from the text. So if you want to have a different color bullet than text in your list you'll have to add some markup.

Wrap the list text in a span:

<ul>
  <li><span>item #1</span></li>
  <li><span>item #2</span></li>
  <li><span>item #3</span></li>
</ul>

Then modify your style rules slightly:

li {
  color: red; /* bullet color */
}
li span {
  color: black; /* text color */
}

Using MySQL with Entity Framework

Vintana,

Od course there's something ready now. http://www.devart.com/products.html - it's commercial although (you have a 30days trial IIRC). They make a living writing providers, so I guess it should be fast and stable. I know really big companies using their Oracle provider instead of Orace and MS ones.

How can I delete a service in Windows?

If you have Windows Vista or above please run this from a command prompt as Administrator:

sc delete [your service name as shown in service.msc e.g moneytransfer]

For example: sc delete moneytransfer

Delete the folder C:\Program Files\BBRTL\moneytransfer\

Find moneytransfer registry keys and delete them:

 HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Installer\Products\
 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\
 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\EventLog\
 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet002\Services\
 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet002\Services\EventLog\
 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Installer\Assemblies\ [remove .exe references]
 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Installer\Folders

These steps have been tested on Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2003, and Windows Server 2008.

When are you supposed to use escape instead of encodeURI / encodeURIComponent?

Also remember that they all encode different sets of characters, and select the one you need appropriately. encodeURI() encodes fewer characters than encodeURIComponent(), which encodes fewer (and also different, to dannyp's point) characters than escape().

How to implement Enums in Ruby?

Try the inum. https://github.com/alfa-jpn/inum

class Color < Inum::Base
  define :RED
  define :GREEN
  define :BLUE
end
Color::RED 
Color.parse('blue') # => Color::BLUE
Color.parse(2)      # => Color::GREEN

see more https://github.com/alfa-jpn/inum#usage

How do I check to see if a value is an integer in MySQL?

This works well for VARCHAR where it begins with a number or not..

WHERE concat('',fieldname * 1) != fieldname 

may have restrictions when you get to the larger NNNNE+- numbers

Converting a Uniform Distribution to a Normal Distribution

The standard Python library module random has what you want:

normalvariate(mu, sigma)
Normal distribution. mu is the mean, and sigma is the standard deviation.

For the algorithm itself, take a look at the function in random.py in the Python library.

The manual entry is here

How do I dump the data of some SQLite3 tables?

According to the SQLite documentation for the Command Line Shell For SQLite you can export an SQLite table (or part of a table) as CSV, simply by setting the "mode" to "csv" and then run a query to extract the desired rows of the table:

sqlite> .header on
sqlite> .mode csv
sqlite> .once c:/work/dataout.csv
sqlite> SELECT * FROM tab1;
sqlite> .exit

Then use the ".import" command to import CSV (comma separated value) data into an SQLite table:

sqlite> .mode csv
sqlite> .import C:/work/dataout.csv tab1
sqlite> .exit

Please read the further documentation about the two cases to consider: (1) Table "tab1" does not previously exist and (2) table "tab1" does already exist.

Best way to convert pdf files to tiff files

1) Install GhostScript

2) Install ImageMagick

3) Create "Convert-to-TIFF.bat" (Windows XP, Vista, 7) and use the following line:

for %%f in (%*) DO "C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.6.4-Q16\convert.exe" -density 300 -compress lzw %%f %%f.tiff

Dragging any number of single-page PDF files onto this file will convert them to compressed TIFFs, at 300 DPI.

What are the uses of "using" in C#?

Since a lot of people still do:

using (System.IO.StreamReader r = new System.IO.StreamReader(""))
using (System.IO.StreamReader r2 = new System.IO.StreamReader("")) {
   //code
}

I guess a lot of people still don't know that you can do:

using (System.IO.StreamReader r = new System.IO.StreamReader(""), r2 = new System.IO.StreamReader("")) {
   //code
}

Getting all types in a namespace via reflection

You won't be able to get all types in a namespace, because a namespace can bridge multiple assemblies, but you can get all classes in an assembly and check to see if they belong to that namespace.

Assembly.GetTypes() works on the local assembly, or you can load an assembly first then call GetTypes() on it.

Which is the best Linux C/C++ debugger (or front-end to gdb) to help teaching programming?

You may want to check out Eclipse CDT. It provides a C/C++ IDE that runs on multiple platforms (e.g. Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, etc.). Debugging with Eclipse CDT is comparable to using other tools such as Visual Studio.

You can check out the Eclipse CDT Debug tutorial that also includes a number of screenshots.

How to vertically align elements in a div?

Now that flexbox support is increasing, this CSS applied to the containing element would vertically center the contained item:

.container {        
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

Use the prefixed version if you also need to target Explorer 10, and old (< 4.4) Android browsers:

.container {
    display: -ms-flexbox;
    display: -webkit-flex;
    display: flex;

    -ms-flex-align: center;
    -webkit-align-items: center;
    -webkit-box-align: center;

    align-items: center;
}

How to get the file path from HTML input form in Firefox 3

Actually, just before FF3 was out, I did some experiments, and FF2 sends only the filename, like did Opera 9.0. Only IE sends the full path. The behavior makes sense, because the server doesn't have to know where the user stores the file on his computer, it is irrelevant to the upload process. Unless you are writing an intranet application and get the file by direct network access!

What have changed (and that's the real point of the bug item you point to) is that FF3 no longer let access to the file path from JavaScript. And won't let type/paste a path there, which is more annoying for me: I have a shell extension which copies the path of a file from Windows Explorer to the clipboard and I used it a lot in such form. I solved the issue by using the DragDropUpload extension. But this becomes off-topic, I fear.

I wonder what your Web forms are doing to stop working with this new behavior.

[EDIT] After reading the page linked by Mike, I see indeed intranet uses of the path (identify a user for example) and local uses (show preview of an image, local management of files). User Jam-es seems to provide a workaround with nsIDOMFile (not tried yet).

How do the PHP equality (== double equals) and identity (=== triple equals) comparison operators differ?

Difference between == and ===

The difference between the loosely == equal operator and the strict === identical operator is exactly explained in the manual:

Comparison Operators

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦ Example  ¦ Name      ¦ Result                                                    ¦
+----------+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------¦
¦$a ==  $b ¦ Equal     ¦ TRUE if $a is equal to $b after type juggling.            ¦
¦$a === $b ¦ Identical ¦ TRUE if $a is equal to $b, and they are of the same type. ¦
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Loosely == equal comparison

If you are using the == operator, or any other comparison operator which uses loosely comparison such as !=, <> or ==, you always have to look at the context to see what, where and why something gets converted to understand what is going on.

Converting rules

Type comparison table

As reference and example you can see the comparison table in the manual:

Loose comparisons with ==

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦         ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦   1   ¦   0   ¦  -1   ¦  "1"  ¦  "0"  ¦ "-1"  ¦ NULL  ¦ array() ¦ "php" ¦  ""   ¦
+---------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+---------+-------+-------¦
¦ TRUE    ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ TRUE    ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦
¦ 1       ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ 0       ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE   ¦ TRUE  ¦ TRUE  ¦
¦ -1      ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ "1"     ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ "0"     ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ "-1"    ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ NULL    ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ TRUE    ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦
¦ array() ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ TRUE    ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ "php"   ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ ""      ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Strict === identical comparison

If you are using the === operator, or any other comparison operator which uses strict comparison such as !== or ===, then you can always be sure that the types won't magically change, because there will be no converting going on. So with strict comparison the type and value have to be the same, not only the value.

Type comparison table

As reference and example you can see the comparison table in the manual:

Strict comparisons with ===

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦         ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦   1   ¦   0   ¦  -1   ¦  "1"  ¦  "0"  ¦ "-1"  ¦ NULL  ¦ array() ¦ "php" ¦  ""   ¦
+---------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+---------+-------+-------¦
¦ TRUE    ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ 1       ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ 0       ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ -1      ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ "1"     ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ "0"     ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ "-1"    ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ NULL    ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ array() ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE    ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ "php"   ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ TRUE  ¦ FALSE ¦
¦ ""      ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE ¦ FALSE   ¦ FALSE ¦ TRUE  ¦
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

How can I concatenate two arrays in Java?

ArrayList<String> both = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(first));
both.addAll(Arrays.asList(second));

both.toArray(new String[0]);

How to match all occurrences of a regex

if you have a regexp with groups:

str="A 54mpl3 string w1th 7 numbers scatter3r ar0und"
re=/(\d+)[m-t]/

you can use String's scan method to find matching groups:

str.scan re
#> [["54"], ["1"], ["3"]]

To find the matching pattern:

str.to_enum(:scan,re).map {$&}
#> ["54m", "1t", "3r"]

How to Truncate a string in PHP to the word closest to a certain number of characters?

May be this will help someone:

<?php

    $string = "Your line of text";
    $spl = preg_match("/([, \.\d\-''\"\"_()]*\w+[, \.\d\-''\"\"_()]*){50}/", $string, $matches);
    if (isset($matches[0])) {
        $matches[0] .= "...";
        echo "<br />" . $matches[0];
    } else {
        echo "<br />" . $string;
    }

?>

Visual Studio opens the default browser instead of Internet Explorer

Right-click on an aspx file and choose 'browse with'. I think there's an option there to set as default.

What and where are the stack and heap?

The Stack When you call a function the arguments to that function plus some other overhead is put on the stack. Some info (such as where to go on return) is also stored there. When you declare a variable inside your function, that variable is also allocated on the stack.

Deallocating the stack is pretty simple because you always deallocate in the reverse order in which you allocate. Stack stuff is added as you enter functions, the corresponding data is removed as you exit them. This means that you tend to stay within a small region of the stack unless you call lots of functions that call lots of other functions (or create a recursive solution).

The Heap The heap is a generic name for where you put the data that you create on the fly. If you don't know how many spaceships your program is going to create, you are likely to use the new (or malloc or equivalent) operator to create each spaceship. This allocation is going to stick around for a while, so it is likely we will free things in a different order than we created them.

Thus, the heap is far more complex, because there end up being regions of memory that are unused interleaved with chunks that are - memory gets fragmented. Finding free memory of the size you need is a difficult problem. This is why the heap should be avoided (though it is still often used).

Implementation Implementation of both the stack and heap is usually down to the runtime / OS. Often games and other applications that are performance critical create their own memory solutions that grab a large chunk of memory from the heap and then dish it out internally to avoid relying on the OS for memory.

This is only practical if your memory usage is quite different from the norm - i.e for games where you load a level in one huge operation and can chuck the whole lot away in another huge operation.

Physical location in memory This is less relevant than you think because of a technology called Virtual Memory which makes your program think that you have access to a certain address where the physical data is somewhere else (even on the hard disc!). The addresses you get for the stack are in increasing order as your call tree gets deeper. The addresses for the heap are un-predictable (i.e implimentation specific) and frankly not important.

How to convert local time string to UTC?

Using http://crsmithdev.com/arrow/

arrowObj = arrow.Arrow.strptime('2017-02-20 10:00:00', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' , 'US/Eastern')

arrowObj.to('UTC') or arrowObj.to('local') 

This library makes life easy :)

A regex for version number parsing

Don't know what platform you're on but in .NET there's the System.Version class that will parse "n.n.n.n" version numbers for you.

Is it possible to print a variable's type in standard C++?

Note that the names generated by the RTTI feature of C++ is not portable. For example, the class

MyNamespace::CMyContainer<int, test_MyNamespace::CMyObject>

will have the following names:

// MSVC 2003:
class MyNamespace::CMyContainer[int,class test_MyNamespace::CMyObject]
// G++ 4.2:
N8MyNamespace8CMyContainerIiN13test_MyNamespace9CMyObjectEEE

So you can't use this information for serialization. But still, the typeid(a).name() property can still be used for log/debug purposes

How do I kill a VMware virtual machine that won't die?

If you are using Windows, the virtual machine should have it's own process that is visible in task manager. Use sysinternals Process Explorer to find the right one and then kill it from there.

What IDE to use for Python?

Results

Spreadsheet version

spreadsheet screenshot

Alternatively, in plain text: (also available as a a screenshot)

                         Bracket Matching -.  .- Line Numbering
                          Smart Indent -.  |  |  .- UML Editing / Viewing
         Source Control Integration -.  |  |  |  |  .- Code Folding
                    Error Markup -.  |  |  |  |  |  |  .- Code Templates
  Integrated Python Debugging -.  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  .- Unit Testing
    Multi-Language Support -.  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  .- GUI Designer (Qt, Eric, etc)
   Auto Code Completion -.  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  .- Integrated DB Support
     Commercial/Free -.  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  .- Refactoring
   Cross Platform -.  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |     
                  +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
Atom              |Y |F |Y |Y*|Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |  |  |  |  |*many plugins
Editra            |Y |F |Y |Y |  |  |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |  |  |  |  |  |
Emacs             |Y |F |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |  |  |
Eric Ide          |Y |F |Y |  |Y |Y |  |Y |  |Y |  |Y |  |Y |  |  |  |
Geany             |Y |F |Y*|Y |  |  |  |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |  |  |  |  |  |*very limited
Gedit             |Y |F |Y¹|Y |  |  |  |Y |Y |Y |  |  |Y²|  |  |  |  |¹with plugin; ²sort of
Idle              |Y |F |Y |  |Y |  |  |Y |Y |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
IntelliJ          |Y |CF|Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |
JEdit             |Y |F |  |Y |  |  |  |  |Y |Y |  |Y |  |  |  |  |  |
KDevelop          |Y |F |Y*|Y |  |  |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |  |  |  |  |  |*no type inference
Komodo            |Y |CF|Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |  |
NetBeans*         |Y |F |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |  |Y |*pre-v7.0
Notepad++         |W |F |Y |Y |  |Y*|Y*|Y*|Y |Y |  |Y |Y*|  |  |  |  |*with plugin
Pfaide            |W |C |Y |Y |  |  |  |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |  |  |  |  |
PIDA              |LW|F |Y |Y |  |  |  |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |  |  |  |  |  |VIM based
PTVS              |W |F |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |  |  |Y*|  |Y |*WPF bsed
PyCharm           |Y |CF|Y |Y*|Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |*JavaScript
PyDev (Eclipse)   |Y |F |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |  |  |
PyScripter        |W |F |Y |  |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |Y |  |  |  |
PythonWin         |W |F |Y |  |Y |  |  |Y |Y |  |  |Y |  |  |  |  |  |
SciTE             |Y |F¹|  |Y |  |Y |  |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |  |  |  |  |¹Mac version is
ScriptDev         |W |C |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |  |  |  |  |    commercial
Spyder            |Y |F |Y |  |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |Y |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sublime Text      |Y |CF|Y |Y |  |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |Y*|  |  |  |extensible w/Python,
TextMate          |M |F |  |Y |  |  |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |  |  |  |  |    *PythonTestRunner
UliPad            |Y |F |Y |Y |Y |  |  |Y |Y |  |  |  |Y |Y |  |  |  |
Vim               |Y |F |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |Y |  |  |  |
Visual Studio     |W |CF|Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |? |Y |? |? |Y |? |Y |
Visual Studio Code|Y |F |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |? |Y |? |? |? |? |Y |uses plugins
WingIde           |Y |C |Y |Y*|Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |Y |  |  |  |*support for C
Zeus              |W |C |  |  |  |  |Y |Y |Y |Y |  |Y |Y |  |  |  |  |
                  +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
   Cross Platform -'  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |     
     Commercial/Free -'  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  '- Refactoring
   Auto Code Completion -'  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  '- Integrated DB Support
    Multi-Language Support -'  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  '- GUI Designer (Qt, Eric, etc)
  Integrated Python Debugging -'  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  '- Unit Testing
                    Error Markup -'  |  |  |  |  |  |  '- Code Templates
         Source Control Integration -'  |  |  |  |  '- Code Folding
                          Smart Indent -'  |  |  '- UML Editing / Viewing
                         Bracket Matching -'  '- Line Numbering

Acronyms used:

 L  - Linux
 W  - Windows
 M  - Mac
 C  - Commercial
 F  - Free
 CF - Commercial with Free limited edition
 ?  - To be confirmed

I don't mention basics like syntax highlighting as I expect these by default.


This is a just dry list reflecting your feedback and comments, I am not advocating any of these tools. I will keep updating this list as you keep posting your answers.

PS. Can you help me to add features of the above editors to the list (like auto-complete, debugging, etc.)?

We have a comprehensive wiki page for this question https://wiki.python.org/moin/IntegratedDevelopmentEnvironments

Submit edits to the spreadsheet

Difference between BYTE and CHAR in column datatypes

Depending on the system configuration, size of CHAR mesured in BYTES can vary. In your examples:

  1. Limits field to 11 BYTE
  2. Limits field to 11 CHARacters


Conclusion: 1 CHAR is not equal to 1 BYTE.

How do I set up access control in SVN?

The best way is to set up Apache and to set the access through it. Check the svn book for help. If you don't want to use Apache, you can also do minimalistic access control using svnserve.

Most efficient way to increment a Map value in Java

A variation on the MutableInt approach that might be even faster, if a bit of a hack, is to use a single-element int array:

Map<String,int[]> map = new HashMap<String,int[]>();
...
int[] value = map.get(key);
if (value == null) 
  map.put(key, new int[]{1} );
else
  ++value[0];

It would be interesting if you could rerun your performance tests with this variation. It might be the fastest.


Edit: The above pattern worked fine for me, but eventually I changed to use Trove's collections to reduce memory size in some very large maps I was creating -- and as a bonus it was also faster.

One really nice feature is that the TObjectIntHashMap class has a single adjustOrPutValue call that, depending on whether there is already a value at that key, will either put an initial value or increment the existing value. This is perfect for incrementing:

TObjectIntHashMap<String> map = new TObjectIntHashMap<String>();
...
map.adjustOrPutValue(key, 1, 1);

How to move the cursor word by word in the OS X Terminal

Use Natural Text Editing preset!

enter image description here

Essentially it binds, among other key sequences, Option + LeftArrow to ^[b sequence and Option + RightArrow to ^[f

This works in fish and bash, as well as in psql terminal.

How can I view the allocation unit size of a NTFS partition in Vista?

Open an administrator command prompt, and do this command:

fsutil fsinfo ntfsinfo [your drive]

The Bytes Per Cluster is the equivalent of the allocation unit.

Converting an integer to a hexadecimal string in Ruby

How about using %/sprintf:

i = 20
"%x" % i  #=> "14"

Is there a macro to conditionally copy rows to another worksheet?

The way I would do this manually is:

  • Use Data - AutoFilter
  • Apply a custom filter based on a date range
  • Copy the filtered data to the relevant month sheet
  • Repeat for every month

Listed below is code to do this process via VBA.

It has the advantage of handling monthly sections of data rather than individual rows. Which can result in quicker processing for larger sets of data.

    Sub SeperateData()

    Dim vMonthText As Variant
    Dim ExcelLastCell As Range
    Dim intMonth As Integer

   vMonthText = Array("January", "February", "March", "April", "May", _
 "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December")

        ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sharepoint").Select
        Range("A1").Select

    RowCount = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sharepoint").UsedRange.Rows.Count
'Forces excel to determine the last cell, Usually only done on save
    Set ExcelLastCell = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sharepoint"). _
     Cells.SpecialCells(xlLastCell)
'Determines the last cell with data in it


        Selection.EntireColumn.Insert
        Range("A1").FormulaR1C1 = "Month No."
        Range("A2").FormulaR1C1 = "=MONTH(RC[1])"
        Range("A2").Select
        Selection.Copy
        Range("A3:A" & ExcelLastCell.Row).Select
        ActiveSheet.Paste
        Application.CutCopyMode = False
        Calculate
    'Insert a helper column to determine the month number for the date

        For intMonth = 1 To 12
            Range("A1").CurrentRegion.Select
            Selection.AutoFilter Field:=1, Criteria1:="" & intMonth
            Selection.Copy
            ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("" & vMonthText(intMonth - 1)).Select
            Range("A1").Select
            ActiveSheet.Paste
            Columns("A:A").Delete Shift:=xlToLeft
            Cells.Select
            Cells.EntireColumn.AutoFit
            Range("A1").Select
            ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sharepoint").Select
            Range("A1").Select
            Application.CutCopyMode = False
        Next intMonth
    'Filter the data to a particular month
    'Convert the month number to text
    'Copy the filtered data to the month sheet
    'Delete the helper column
    'Repeat for each month

        Selection.AutoFilter
        Columns("A:A").Delete Shift:=xlToLeft
 'Get rid of the auto-filter and delete the helper column

    End Sub

How do I use WPF bindings with RelativeSource?

If an element is not part of the visual tree, then RelativeSource will never work.

In this case, you need to try a different technique, pioneered by Thomas Levesque.

He has the solution on his blog under [WPF] How to bind to data when the DataContext is not inherited. And it works absolutely brilliantly!

In the unlikely event that his blog is down, Appendix A contains a mirror copy of his article.

Please do not comment here, please comment directly on his blog post.

Appendix A: Mirror of blog post

The DataContext property in WPF is extremely handy, because it is automatically inherited by all children of the element where you assign it; therefore you don’t need to set it again on each element you want to bind. However, in some cases the DataContext is not accessible: it happens for elements that are not part of the visual or logical tree. It can be very difficult then to bind a property on those elements…

Let’s illustrate with a simple example: we want to display a list of products in a DataGrid. In the grid, we want to be able to show or hide the Price column, based on the value of a ShowPrice property exposed by the ViewModel. The obvious approach is to bind the Visibility of the column to the ShowPrice property:

<DataGridTextColumn Header="Price" Binding="{Binding Price}" IsReadOnly="False"
                Visibility="{Binding ShowPrice,
                Converter={StaticResource visibilityConverter}}"/>

Unfortunately, changing the value of ShowPrice has no effect, and the column is always visible… why? If we look at the Output window in Visual Studio, we notice the following line:

System.Windows.Data Error: 2 : Cannot find governing FrameworkElement or FrameworkContentElement for target element. BindingExpression:Path=ShowPrice; DataItem=null; target element is ‘DataGridTextColumn’ (HashCode=32685253); target property is ‘Visibility’ (type ‘Visibility’)

The message is rather cryptic, but the meaning is actually quite simple: WPF doesn’t know which FrameworkElement to use to get the DataContext, because the column doesn’t belong to the visual or logical tree of the DataGrid.

We can try to tweak the binding to get the desired result, for instance by setting the RelativeSource to the DataGrid itself:

<DataGridTextColumn Header="Price" Binding="{Binding Price}" IsReadOnly="False"
                Visibility="{Binding DataContext.ShowPrice,
                Converter={StaticResource visibilityConverter},
                RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType=DataGrid}}"/>

Or we can add a CheckBox bound to ShowPrice, and try to bind the column visibility to the IsChecked property by specifying the element name:

<DataGridTextColumn Header="Price" Binding="{Binding Price}" IsReadOnly="False"
                Visibility="{Binding IsChecked,
                Converter={StaticResource visibilityConverter},
                ElementName=chkShowPrice}"/>

But none of these workarounds seems to work, we always get the same result…

At this point, it seems that the only viable approach would be to change the column visibility in code-behind, which we usually prefer to avoid when using the MVVM pattern… But I’m not going to give up so soon, at least not while there are other options to consider

The solution to our problem is actually quite simple, and takes advantage of the Freezable class. The primary purpose of this class is to define objects that have a modifiable and a read-only state, but the interesting feature in our case is that Freezable objects can inherit the DataContext even when they’re not in the visual or logical tree. I don’t know the exact mechanism that enables this behavior, but we’re going to take advantage of it to make our binding work…

The idea is to create a class (I called it BindingProxy for reasons that should become obvious very soon) that inherits Freezable and declares a Data dependency property:

public class BindingProxy : Freezable
{
    #region Overrides of Freezable
 
    protected override Freezable CreateInstanceCore()
    {
        return new BindingProxy();
    }
 
    #endregion
 
    public object Data
    {
        get { return (object)GetValue(DataProperty); }
        set { SetValue(DataProperty, value); }
    }
 
    // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for Data.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...
    public static readonly DependencyProperty DataProperty =
        DependencyProperty.Register("Data", typeof(object), typeof(BindingProxy), new UIPropertyMetadata(null));
}

We can then declare an instance of this class in the resources of the DataGrid, and bind the Data property to the current DataContext:

<DataGrid.Resources>
    <local:BindingProxy x:Key="proxy" Data="{Binding}" />
</DataGrid.Resources>

The last step is to specify this BindingProxy object (easily accessible with StaticResource) as the Source for the binding:

<DataGridTextColumn Header="Price" Binding="{Binding Price}" IsReadOnly="False"
                Visibility="{Binding Data.ShowPrice,
                Converter={StaticResource visibilityConverter},
                Source={StaticResource proxy}}"/>

Note that the binding path has been prefixed with “Data”, since the path is now relative to the BindingProxy object.

The binding now works correctly, and the column is properly shown or hidden based on the ShowPrice property.

Adding a guideline to the editor in Visual Studio

With VS 2013 Express this key does not exist. What I see is HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\VisualStudio\12.0 and there is no mention of Text Editor under that.

Setting the default ssh key location

If you are only looking to point to a different location for you identity file, the you can modify your ~/.ssh/config file with the following entry:

IdentityFile ~/.foo/identity

man ssh_config to find other config options.

Curl command line for consuming webServices?

Posting a string:

curl -d "String to post" "http://www.example.com/target"

Posting the contents of a file:

curl -d @soap.xml "http://www.example.com/target"

Remove spaces from std::string in C++

Hi, you can do something like that. This function deletes all spaces.

string delSpaces(string &str) 
{
   str.erase(std::remove(str.begin(), str.end(), ' '), str.end());
   return str;
}

I made another function, that deletes all unnecessary spaces.

string delUnnecessary(string &str)
{
    int size = str.length();
    for(int j = 0; j<=size; j++)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i <=j; i++)
        {
            if(str[i] == ' ' && str[i+1] == ' ')
            {
                str.erase(str.begin() + i);
            }
            else if(str[0]== ' ')
            {
                str.erase(str.begin());
            }
            else if(str[i] == '\0' && str[i-1]== ' ')
            {
                str.erase(str.end() - 1);
            }
        }
    }
    return str;
}

How do I call a SQL Server stored procedure from PowerShell?

Here is a function that I use (slightly redacted). It allows input and output parameters. I only have uniqueidentifier and varchar types implemented, but any other types are easy to add. If you use parameterized stored procedures (or just parameterized sql...this code is easily adapted to that), this will make your life a lot easier.

To call the function, you need a connection to the SQL server (say $conn),

$res=exec-storedprocedure -storedProcName 'stp_myProc' -parameters @{Param1="Hello";Param2=50} -outparams @{ID="uniqueidentifier"} $conn

retrieve proc output from returned object

$res.data #dataset containing the datatables returned by selects

$res.outputparams.ID #output parameter ID (uniqueidentifier)

The function:

function exec-storedprocedure($storedProcName,  
        [hashtable] $parameters=@{},
        [hashtable] $outparams=@{},
        $conn,[switch]$help){ 

        function put-outputparameters($cmd, $outparams){
            foreach($outp in $outparams.Keys){
                $cmd.Parameters.Add("@$outp", (get-paramtype $outparams[$outp])).Direction=[System.Data.ParameterDirection]::Output
            }
        }
        function get-outputparameters($cmd,$outparams){
            foreach($p in $cmd.Parameters){
                if ($p.Direction -eq [System.Data.ParameterDirection]::Output){
                $outparams[$p.ParameterName.Replace("@","")]=$p.Value
                }
            }
        }

        function get-paramtype($typename,[switch]$help){
            switch ($typename){
                'uniqueidentifier' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::UniqueIdentifier}
                'int' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::Int}
                'xml' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::Xml}
                'nvarchar' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::NVarchar}
                default {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::Varchar}
            }
        }
        if ($help){
            $msg = @"
    Execute a sql statement.  Parameters are allowed.  
    Input parameters should be a dictionary of parameter names and values.
    Output parameters should be a dictionary of parameter names and types.
    Return value will usually be a list of datarows. 

    Usage: exec-query sql [inputparameters] [outputparameters] [conn] [-help]
    "@
            Write-Host $msg
            return
        }
        $close=($conn.State -eq [System.Data.ConnectionState]'Closed')
        if ($close) {
           $conn.Open()
        }

        $cmd=new-object system.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand($sql,$conn)
        $cmd.CommandType=[System.Data.CommandType]'StoredProcedure'
        $cmd.CommandText=$storedProcName
        foreach($p in $parameters.Keys){
            $cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@$p",[string]$parameters[$p]).Direction=
                  [System.Data.ParameterDirection]::Input
        }

        put-outputparameters $cmd $outparams
        $ds=New-Object system.Data.DataSet
        $da=New-Object system.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataAdapter($cmd)
        [Void]$da.fill($ds)
        if ($close) {
           $conn.Close()
        }
        get-outputparameters $cmd $outparams

        return @{data=$ds;outputparams=$outparams}
    }

How can I extract a predetermined range of lines from a text file on Unix?

 # print section of file based on line numbers
 sed -n '16224 ,16482p'               # method 1
 sed '16224,16482!d'                 # method 2

What's wrong with foreign keys?

Like many things, it's a tradeoff. It's a question of where you want to do the work to verify the data integrity:

(1) use a foreign key (a single point to configure for a table, feature is already implemented, tested, proven to work)

(2) leave it to the users of the database (possible multiple users/apps updating the same table (s) meaning more potential points of failure and increased complexity in testing).

It's more efficient for the database to do (2), easier to maintain and less risk with (1).

Why not use tables for layout in HTML?

By still using table for layouts, we are missing on the innovation on the div side.

Many have come up with solutions that make creating layout for divs easier. The most popular being the grid architecture. There are dynamic layout generators based on this architecture. Check out: 1) 960.gs and (http://grids.heroku.com/) 2) blueprint and so many of late.

I have not seen much of innovation in terms of architecture and tools with the tables layout.

I would say, all the theories aside, practically layout with CSS and divs are faster. Rather innovation in this direction made it easier than anything.

ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel after long inactivity in ASP.Net app

Check that there isn't a firewall that is ending the connection after certain period of time (this was the cause of a similar problem we had)

Before and After Suite execution hook in jUnit 4.x

Here, we

  • upgraded to JUnit 4.5,
  • wrote annotations to tag each test class or method which needed a working service,
  • wrote handlers for each annotation which contained static methods to implement the setup and teardown of the service,
  • extended the usual Runner to locate the annotations on tests, adding the static handler methods into the test execution chain at the appropriate points.

How to list the tables in a SQLite database file that was opened with ATTACH?

The ".schema" commando will list available tables and their rows, by showing you the statement used to create said tables:

sqlite> create table_a (id int, a int, b int);
sqlite> .schema table_a
CREATE TABLE table_a (id int, a int, b int);

How do I check whether a file exists without exceptions?

You can use the "OS" library of Python:

>>> import os
>>> os.path.exists("C:\\Users\\####\\Desktop\\test.txt") 
True
>>> os.path.exists("C:\\Users\\####\\Desktop\\test.tx")
False

Convert DOS line endings to Linux line endings in Vim

The below command is used for reformating all .sh file in the current directory. I tested it on my Fedora OS.

for file in *.sh; do awk '{ sub("\r$", ""); print }' $file >luxubutmp; cp -f luxubutmp $file; rm -f luxubutmp ;done

Can you use Microsoft Entity Framework with Oracle?

Update:

Oracle now fully supports the Entity Framework. Oracle Data Provider for .NET Release 11.2.0.3 (ODAC 11.2) Release Notes: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E20434_01/doc/win.112/e23174/whatsnew.htm#BGGJIEIC

More documentation on Linq to Entities and ADO.NET Entity Framework: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E20434_01/doc/win.112/e23174/featLINQ.htm#CJACEDJG

Note: ODP.NET also supports Entity SQL.

svn over HTTP proxy

svn:// doesn't talk http, therefor there's nothing a http proxy could do.

Any reason why http doesn't work? Have you considered https? If you really need it, you probably have to have port 3690 opened in your firewall.

How do I use sudo to redirect output to a location I don't have permission to write to?

Make sudo run a shell, like this:

sudo sh -c "echo foo > ~root/out"

Why is using the JavaScript eval function a bad idea?

It's not necessarily that bad provided you know what context you're using it in.

If your application is using eval() to create an object from some JSON which has come back from an XMLHttpRequest to your own site, created by your trusted server-side code, it's probably not a problem.

Untrusted client-side JavaScript code can't do that much anyway. Provided the thing you're executing eval() on has come from a reasonable source, you're fine.

Does C# have an equivalent to JavaScript's encodeURIComponent()?

You can use the Server object in the System.Web namespace

Server.UrlEncode, Server.UrlDecode, Server.HtmlEncode, and Server.HtmlDecode.

Edit: poster added that this was a windows application and not a web one as one would believe. The items listed above would be available from the HttpUtility class inside System.Web which must be added as a reference to the project.

How do I upload a file to an SFTP server in C# (.NET)?

Unfortunately, it's not in the .NET Framework itself. My wish is that you could integrate with FileZilla, but I don't think it exposes an interface. They do have scripting I think, but it won't be as clean obviously.

I've used CuteFTP in a project which does SFTP. It exposes a COM component which I created a .NET wrapper around. The catch, you'll find, is permissions. It runs beautifully under the Windows credentials which installed CuteFTP, but running under other credentials requires permissions to be set in DCOM.

What’s the best way to reload / refresh an iframe?

If all of the above doesn't work for you:

window.location.reload();

This for some reason refreshed my iframe instead of the whole script. Maybe because it is placed in the frame itself, while all those getElemntById solutions work when you try to refresh a frame from another frame?

Or I don't understand this fully and talk gibberish, anyways this worked for me like a charm :)

Select current date by default in ASP.Net Calendar control

If you are already doing databinding:

<asp:Calendar ID="Calendar1" runat="server"  SelectedDate="<%# DateTime.Today %>" />

Will do it. This does require that somewhere you are doing a Page.DataBind() call (or a databind call on a parent control). If you are not doing that and you absolutely do not want any codebehind on the page, then you'll have to create a usercontrol that contains a calendar control and sets its selecteddate.

How can I get Git to follow symlinks?

Hmmm, mount --bind doesn't seem to work on Darwin.

Does anyone have a trick that does?

[edited]

OK, I found the answer on Mac OS X is to make a hardlink. Except that that API is not exposed via ln, so you have to use your own tiny program to do this. Here is a link to that program:

Creating directory hard links in Mac OS X

Enjoy!

How do I ignore files in Subversion?

.gitignore like approach

You can ignore a file or directory like .gitignore. Just create a text file of list of directories/files you want to ignore and run the code below:

svn propset svn:ignore -F ignorelist.txt .

OR if you don't want to use a text file, you can do it like this:

svn propset svn:ignore "first
 second
 third" .

Source: Karsten's Blog - Set svn:ignore for multiple files from command line

How do I create a folder in VB if it doesn't exist?

Just do this:

        Dim sPath As String = "Folder path here"
    If (My.Computer.FileSystem.DirectoryExists(sPath) = False) Then
        My.Computer.FileSystem.CreateDirectory(sPath + "/<Folder name>")
    Else
        'Something else happens, because the folder exists
    End If

I declared the folder path as a String (sPath) so that way if you do use it multiple times it can be changed easily but also it can be changed through the program itself.

Hope it helps!

-nfell2009