Programs & Examples On #Dynamic programming

Dynamic programming is an algorithmic technique for efficiently solving problems with a recursive structure containing many overlapping subproblems.

Difference between Divide and Conquer Algo and Dynamic Programming

I think of Divide & Conquer as an recursive approach and Dynamic Programming as table filling.

For example, Merge Sort is a Divide & Conquer algorithm, as in each step, you split the array into two halves, recursively call Merge Sort upon the two halves and then merge them.

Knapsack is a Dynamic Programming algorithm as you are filling a table representing optimal solutions to subproblems of the overall knapsack. Each entry in the table corresponds to the maximum value you can carry in a bag of weight w given items 1-j.

What is dynamic programming?

Dynamic programming is a technique used to avoid computing multiple times the same subproblem in a recursive algorithm.

Let's take the simple example of the Fibonacci numbers: finding the n th Fibonacci number defined by

Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2 and F0 = 0, F1 = 1

Recursion

The obvious way to do this is recursive:

def fibonacci(n):
    if n == 0:
        return 0
    if n == 1:
        return 1

    return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2)

Dynamic Programming

  • Top Down - Memoization

The recursion does a lot of unnecessary calculations because a given Fibonacci number will be calculated multiple times. An easy way to improve this is to cache the results:

cache = {}

def fibonacci(n):
    if n == 0:
        return 0
    if n == 1:
        return 1
    if n in cache:
        return cache[n]

    cache[n] = fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2)

    return cache[n]
  • Bottom-Up

A better way to do this is to get rid of the recursion all-together by evaluating the results in the right order:

cache = {}

def fibonacci(n):
    cache[0] = 0
    cache[1] = 1

    for i in range(2, n + 1):
        cache[i] = cache[i - 1] +  cache[i - 2]

    return cache[n]

We can even use constant space and store only the necessary partial results along the way:

def fibonacci(n):
  fi_minus_2 = 0
  fi_minus_1 = 1

  for i in range(2, n + 1):
      fi = fi_minus_1 + fi_minus_2
      fi_minus_1, fi_minus_2 = fi, fi_minus_1

  return fi
  • How apply dynamic programming?

    1. Find the recursion in the problem.
    2. Top-down: store the answer for each subproblem in a table to avoid having to recompute them.
    3. Bottom-up: Find the right order to evaluate the results so that partial results are available when needed.

Dynamic programming generally works for problems that have an inherent left to right order such as strings, trees or integer sequences. If the naive recursive algorithm does not compute the same subproblem multiple times, dynamic programming won't help.

I made a collection of problems to help understand the logic: https://github.com/tristanguigue/dynamic-programing

How to determine the longest increasing subsequence using dynamic programming?

def longestincrsub(arr1):
    n=len(arr1)
    l=[1]*n
    for i in range(0,n):
        for j in range(0,i)  :
            if arr1[j]<arr1[i] and l[i]<l[j] + 1:
                l[i] =l[j] + 1
    l.sort()
    return l[-1]
arr1=[10,22,9,33,21,50,41,60]
a=longestincrsub(arr1)
print(a)

even though there is a way by which you can solve this in O(nlogn) time(this solves in O(n^2) time) but still this way gives the dynamic programming approach which is also good .

What is the difference between bottom-up and top-down?

Following is the DP based solution for Edit Distance problem which is top down. I hope it will also help in understanding the world of Dynamic Programming:

public int minDistance(String word1, String word2) {//Standard dynamic programming puzzle.
         int m = word2.length();
            int n = word1.length();


     if(m == 0) // Cannot miss the corner cases !
                return n;
        if(n == 0)
            return m;
        int[][] DP = new int[n + 1][m + 1];

        for(int j =1 ; j <= m; j++) {
            DP[0][j] = j;
        }
        for(int i =1 ; i <= n; i++) {
            DP[i][0] = i;
        }

        for(int i =1 ; i <= n; i++) {
            for(int j =1 ; j <= m; j++) {
                if(word1.charAt(i - 1) == word2.charAt(j - 1))
                    DP[i][j] = DP[i-1][j-1];
                else
                DP[i][j] = Math.min(Math.min(DP[i-1][j], DP[i][j-1]), DP[i-1][j-1]) + 1; // Main idea is this.
            }
        }

        return DP[n][m];
}

You can think of its recursive implementation at your home. It's quite good and challenging if you haven't solved something like this before.

Find common substring between two strings

This script requests you the minimum common substring length and gives all common substrings in two strings. Also, it eliminates shorter substrings that longer substrings include already.

def common_substrings(str1,str2):
    len1,len2=len(str1),len(str2)

    if len1 > len2:
        str1,str2=str2,str1
        len1,len2=len2,len1

    min_com = int(input('Please enter the minumum common substring length:'))
    
    cs_array=[]
    for i in range(len1,min_com-1,-1):
        for k in range(len1-i+1):
            if (str1[k:i+k] in str2):
                flag=1
                for m in range(len(cs_array)):
                    if str1[k:i+k] in cs_array[m]:
                    #print(str1[k:i+k])
                        flag=0
                        break
                if flag==1:
                    cs_array.append(str1[k:i+k])
    if len(cs_array):
        print(cs_array)
    else:
        print('There is no any common substring according to the parametres given')

common_substrings('ciguliuana','ciguana')
common_substrings('apples','appleses')
common_substrings('apple pie available','apple pies')

How can I obfuscate (protect) JavaScript?

The problem with interpreted languages, is that you send the source to get them working (unless you have a compiler to bytecode, but then again, it is quite trivial to decompile).

So, if you don't want to sacrifice performance, you can only act on variable and function names, eg. replacing them with a, b... aa, ab... or a101, a102, etc. And, of course, remove as much space/newlines as you can (that's what so called JS compressors do).
Obfuscating strings will have a performance hit, if you have to encrypt them and decrypt them in real time. Plus a JS debugger can show the final values...

Early exit from function?

I think throw a new error is good approach to stop execution rather than just return or return false. For ex. I am validating a number of files that I only allow max five files for upload in separate function.

validateMaxNumber: function(length) {
   if (5 >= length) {
        // Continue execution
   }
   // Flash error message and stop execution
   // Can't stop execution by return or return false statement; 
   let message = "No more than " + this.maxNumber + " File is allowed";
   throw new Error(message);
}

But I am calling this function from main flow function as

  handleFilesUpload() {
      let files =  document.getElementById("myFile").files;
      this.validateMaxNumber(files.length);
}

In the above example I can't stop execution unless I throw new Error.Just return or return false only works if you are in main function of execution otherwise it doesn't work.

What does it mean: The serializable class does not declare a static final serialVersionUID field?

From the javadoc:

The serialization runtime associates with each serializable class a version number, called a serialVersionUID, which is used during deserialization to verify that the sender and receiver of a serialized object have loaded classes for that object that are compatible with respect to serialization. If the receiver has loaded a class for the object that has a different serialVersionUID than that of the corresponding sender's class, then deserialization will result in an InvalidClassException. A serializable class can declare its own serialVersionUID explicitly by declaring a field named "serialVersionUID" that must be static, final, and of type long:

You can configure your IDE to:

  • ignore this, instead of giving a warning.
  • autogenerate an id

As per your additional question "Can it be that the discussed warning message is a reason why my GUI application freeze?":

No, it can't be. It can cause a problem only if you are serializing objects and deserializing them in a different place (or time) where (when) the class has changed, and it will not result in freezing, but in InvalidClassException.

Image vs zImage vs uImage

What is the difference between them?

Image: the generic Linux kernel binary image file.

zImage: a compressed version of the Linux kernel image that is self-extracting.

uImage: an image file that has a U-Boot wrapper (installed by the mkimage utility) that includes the OS type and loader information.
A very common practice (e.g. the typical Linux kernel Makefile) is to use a zImage file. Since a zImage file is self-extracting (i.e. needs no external decompressors), the wrapper would indicate that this kernel is "not compressed" even though it actually is.


Note that the author/maintainer of U-Boot considers the (widespread) use of using a zImage inside a uImage questionable:

Actually it's pretty stupid to use a zImage inside an uImage. It is much better to use normal (uncompressed) kernel image, compress it using just gzip, and use this as poayload for mkimage. This way U-Boot does the uncompresiong instead of including yet another uncompressor with each kernel image.

(quoted from https://lists.yoctoproject.org/pipermail/yocto/2013-October/016778.html)


Which type of kernel image do I have to use?

You could choose whatever you want to program for.
For economy of storage, you should probably chose a compressed image over the uncompressed one.
Beware that executing the kernel (presumably the Linux kernel) involves more than just loading the kernel image into memory. Depending on the architecture (e.g. ARM) and the Linux kernel version (e.g. with or without DTB), there are registers and memory buffers that may have to be prepared for the kernel. In one instance there was also hardware initialization that U-Boot performed that had to be replicated.

ADDENDUM

I know that u-boot needs a kernel in uImage format.

That is accurate for all versions of U-Boot which only have the bootm command.
But more recent versions of U-Boot could also have the bootz command that can boot a zImage.

What does servletcontext.getRealPath("/") mean and when should I use it

A web application's context path is the directory that contains the web application's WEB-INF directory. It can be thought of as the 'home' of the web app. Often, when writing web applications, it can be important to get the actual location of this directory in the file system, since this allows you to do things such as read from files or write to files.

This location can be obtained via the ServletContext object's getRealPath() method. This method can be passed a String parameter set to File.separator to get the path using the operating system's file separator ("/" for UNIX, "\" for Windows).

Force flex item to span full row width

When you want a flex item to occupy an entire row, set it to width: 100% or flex-basis: 100%, and enable wrap on the container.

The item now consumes all available space. Siblings are forced on to other rows.

_x000D_
_x000D_
.parent {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

#range, #text {
  flex: 1;
}

.error {
  flex: 0 0 100%; /* flex-grow, flex-shrink, flex-basis */
  border: 1px dashed black;
}
_x000D_
<div class="parent">
  <input type="range" id="range">
  <input type="text" id="text">
  <label class="error">Error message (takes full width)</label>
</div>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

More info: The initial value of the flex-wrap property is nowrap, which means that all items will line up in a row. MDN

Compare object instances for equality by their attributes

class Node:
    def __init__(self, value):
        self.value = value
        self.next = None

    def __repr__(self):
        return str(self.value)

    def __eq__(self,other):
        return self.value == other.value

node1 = Node(1)
node2 = Node(1)

print(f'node1 id:{id(node1)}')
print(f'node2 id:{id(node2)}')
print(node1 == node2)
>>> node1 id:4396696848
>>> node2 id:4396698000
>>> True

View HTTP headers in Google Chrome?

For me, as of Google Chrome Version 46.0.2490.71 m, the Headers info area is a little hidden. To access:

  1. While the browser is open, press F12 to access Web Developer tools

  2. When opened, click the "Network" option

  3. Initially, it is possible the page data is not present/up to date. Refresh the page if necessary

  4. Observe the page information appears in the listing. (Also, make sure "All" is selected next to the "Hide data URLs" checkbox)

see screenshot

Why write <script type="text/javascript"> when the mime type is set by the server?

Boris Zbarsky (Mozilla), who probably knows more about the innards of Gecko than anyone else, provided at http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-html/2009Apr/0195.html the pseudocode repeated below to describe what Gecko based browsers do:

if (@type not set or empty) {
   if (@language not set or empty) {
     // Treat as default script language; what this is depends on the
     // content-script-type HTTP header or equivalent META tag
   } else {
     if (@language is one of "javascript", "livescript", "mocha",
                             "javascript1.0", "javascript1.1",
                             "javascript1.2", "javascript1.3",
                             "javascript1.4", "javascript1.5",
                             "javascript1.6", "javascript1.7",
                             "javascript1.8") {
       // Treat as javascript
     } else {
       // Treat as unknown script language; do not execute
     }
   }
} else {
   if (@type is one of "text/javascript", "text/ecmascript",
                       "application/javascript",
                       "application/ecmascript",
                       "application/x-javascript") {
     // Treat as javascript
   } else {
     // Treat as specified (e.g. if pyxpcom is installed and
     // python script is allowed in this context and the type
     // is one that the python runtime claims to handle, use that).
     // If we don't have a runtime for this type, do not execute.
   }
}

Which way is best for creating an object in JavaScript? Is `var` necessary before an object property?

There is no best way, it depends on your use case.

  • Use way 1 if you want to create several similar objects. In your example, Person (you should start the name with a capital letter) is called the constructor function. This is similar to classes in other OO languages.
  • Use way 2 if you only need one object of a kind (like a singleton). If you want this object to inherit from another one, then you have to use a constructor function though.
  • Use way 3 if you want to initialize properties of the object depending on other properties of it or if you have dynamic property names.

Update: As requested examples for the third way.

Dependent properties:

The following does not work as this does not refer to book. There is no way to initialize a property with values of other properties in a object literal:

var book = {
    price: somePrice * discount,
    pages: 500,
    pricePerPage: this.price / this.pages
};

instead, you could do:

var book = {
    price: somePrice * discount,
    pages: 500
};
book.pricePerPage = book.price / book.pages;
// or book['pricePerPage'] = book.price / book.pages;

Dynamic property names:

If the property name is stored in some variable or created through some expression, then you have to use bracket notation:

var name = 'propertyName';

// the property will be `name`, not `propertyName`
var obj = {
    name: 42
}; 

// same here
obj.name = 42;

// this works, it will set `propertyName`
obj[name] = 42;

How do I efficiently iterate over each entry in a Java Map?

This is a two part question:

How to iterate over the entries of a Map - @ScArcher2 has answered that perfectly.

What is the order of iteration - if you are just using Map, then strictly speaking, there are no ordering guarantees. So you shouldn't really rely on the ordering given by any implementation. However, the SortedMap interface extends Map and provides exactly what you are looking for - implementations will aways give a consistent sort order.

NavigableMap is another useful extension - this is a SortedMap with additional methods for finding entries by their ordered position in the key set. So potentially this can remove the need for iterating in the first place - you might be able to find the specific entry you are after using the higherEntry, lowerEntry, ceilingEntry, or floorEntry methods. The descendingMap method even gives you an explicit method of reversing the traversal order.

Hibernate Annotations - Which is better, field or property access?

By default, JPA providers access the values of entity fields and map those fields to database columns using the entity’s JavaBean property accessor (getter) and mutator (setter) methods. As such, the names and types of the private fields in an entity do not matter to JPA. Instead, JPA looks at only the names and return types of the JavaBean property accessors. You can alter this using the @javax.persistence.Access annotation, which enables you to explicitly specify the access methodology that the JPA provider should employ.

@Entity
@Access(AccessType.FIELD)
public class SomeEntity implements Serializable
{
...
}

The available options for the AccessType enum are PROPERTY (the default) and FIELD. With PROPERTY, the provider gets and sets field values using the JavaBean property methods. FIELD makes the provider get and set field values using the instance fields. As a best practice, you should just stick to the default and use JavaBean properties unless you have a compelling reason to do otherwise.

You can put these property annotations on either the private fields or the public accessor methods. If you use AccessType.PROPERTY (default) and annotate the private fields instead of the JavaBean accessors, the field names must match the JavaBean property names. However, the names do not have to match if you annotate the JavaBean accessors. Likewise, if you use AccessType.FIELD and annotate the JavaBean accessors instead of the fields, the field names must also match the JavaBean property names. In this case, they do not have to match if you annotate the fields. It’s best to just be consistent and annotate the JavaBean accessors for AccessType.PROPERTY and the fields for AccessType.FIELD.

It is important that you should never mix JPA property annotations and JPA field annotations in the same entity. Doing so results in unspecified behavior and is very likely to cause errors.

Maximum call stack size exceeded error

you can find your recursive function in crome browser,press ctrl+shift+j and then source tab, which gives you code compilation flow and you can find using break point in code.

How to calculate the 95% confidence interval for the slope in a linear regression model in R

Let's fit the model:

> library(ISwR)
> fit <- lm(metabolic.rate ~ body.weight, rmr)
> summary(fit)

Call:
lm(formula = metabolic.rate ~ body.weight, data = rmr)

Residuals:
    Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
-245.74 -113.99  -32.05  104.96  484.81 

Coefficients:
            Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept) 811.2267    76.9755  10.539 2.29e-13 ***
body.weight   7.0595     0.9776   7.221 7.03e-09 ***
---
Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 

Residual standard error: 157.9 on 42 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.5539, Adjusted R-squared: 0.5433 
F-statistic: 52.15 on 1 and 42 DF,  p-value: 7.025e-09 

The 95% confidence interval for the slope is the estimated coefficient (7.0595) ± two standard errors (0.9776).

This can be computed using confint:

> confint(fit, 'body.weight', level=0.95)
               2.5 % 97.5 %
body.weight 5.086656 9.0324

How to convert UTC timestamp to device local time in android

I did it using Extension Functions in kotlin

fun String.toDate(dateFormat: String = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", timeZone: TimeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC")): Date {
    val parser = SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat, Locale.getDefault())
    parser.timeZone = timeZone
    return parser.parse(this)
}

fun Date.formatTo(dateFormat: String, timeZone: TimeZone = TimeZone.getDefault()): String {
    val formatter = SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat, Locale.getDefault())
    formatter.timeZone = timeZone
    return formatter.format(this)
}

Usage:

"2018-09-10 22:01:00".toDate().formatTo("dd MMM yyyy")

Output: "11 Sep 2018"

Note:

Ensure the proper validation.

Limitations of SQL Server Express

If you switch from Web to Express you will no longer be able to use the SQL Server Agent service so you need to set up a different scheduler for maintenance and backups.

How to convert minutes to Hours and minutes (hh:mm) in java

If your time is in a variable called t

int hours = t / 60; //since both are ints, you get an int
int minutes = t % 60;
System.out.printf("%d:%02d", hours, minutes);

It couldn't get easier

MongoDb query condition on comparing 2 fields

If your query consists only of the $where operator, you can pass in just the JavaScript expression:

db.T.find("this.Grade1 > this.Grade2");

For greater performance, run an aggregate operation that has a $redact pipeline to filter the documents which satisfy the given condition.

The $redact pipeline incorporates the functionality of $project and $match to implement field level redaction where it will return all documents matching the condition using $$KEEP and removes from the pipeline results those that don't match using the $$PRUNE variable.


Running the following aggregate operation filter the documents more efficiently than using $where for large collections as this uses a single pipeline and native MongoDB operators, rather than JavaScript evaluations with $where, which can slow down the query:

db.T.aggregate([
    {
        "$redact": {
            "$cond": [
                { "$gt": [ "$Grade1", "$Grade2" ] },
                "$$KEEP",
                "$$PRUNE"
            ]
        }
    }
])

which is a more simplified version of incorporating the two pipelines $project and $match:

db.T.aggregate([
    {
        "$project": {
            "isGrade1Greater": { "$cmp": [ "$Grade1", "$Grade2" ] },
            "Grade1": 1,
            "Grade2": 1,
            "OtherFields": 1,
            ...
        }
    },
    { "$match": { "isGrade1Greater": 1 } }
])

With MongoDB 3.4 and newer:

db.T.aggregate([
    {
        "$addFields": {
            "isGrade1Greater": { "$cmp": [ "$Grade1", "$Grade2" ] }
        }
    },
    { "$match": { "isGrade1Greater": 1 } }
])

How to find whether or not a variable is empty in Bash?

This will return true if a variable is unset or set to the empty string ("").

if [ -z "$MyVar" ]
then
   echo "The variable MyVar has nothing in it."
elif ! [ -z "$MyVar" ]
then
   echo "The variable MyVar has something in it."
fi

Pointtype command for gnuplot

You first have to tell Gnuplot to use a style that uses points, e.g. with points or with linespoints. Try for example:

plot sin(x) with points

Output:

Now try:

plot sin(x) with points pointtype 5

Output:

You may also want to look at the output from the test command which shows you the capabilities of the current terminal. Here are the capabilities for my pngairo terminal:

What is web.xml file and what are all things can I do with it?

What all should I know about web.xml apart from element name and their usage ?

The SINGLE most important JSP configuration parameter of ALL TIME is in your web.xml. Ladies and gentlemen, I give you... the TRIM-DIRECTIVE-WHITESPACES option!

<jsp-config>
    <jsp-property-group>
        <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>
        <trim-directive-whitespaces>true</trim-directive-whitespaces>
    </jsp-property-group>
</jsp-config>

This removes all the hundreds or thousands of lines of white space that you'll get in your generated HTML if you use any tag libraries (loops are particularly ugly & wasteful).

The other big one is the default web page (the page you get automatically sent to when you don't enter a web page in the URL):

<welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>    

How to rotate portrait/landscape Android emulator?

Yes. Thanks

Ctrl + F11 for Portrait

and

Ctrl + F12 for Landscape

disable past dates on datepicker

<div class="input-group date" data-provide="datepicker" data-date-start-date="0d">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="input_id" name="input_name" />
    <div class="input-group-addon">
        <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span>
    </div>
</div> 

Subversion stuck due to "previous operation has not finished"?

I had taken .svn folder from my fellow developer and replaced my .svn folder with this. It worked for me. Don't know what may be other consequences!

Is there a short contains function for lists?

In addition to what other have said, you may also be interested to know that what in does is to call the list.__contains__ method, that you can define on any class you write and can get extremely handy to use python at his full extent.  

A dumb use may be:

>>> class ContainsEverything:
    def __init__(self):
        return None
    def __contains__(self, *elem, **k):
        return True


>>> a = ContainsEverything()
>>> 3 in a
True
>>> a in a
True
>>> False in a
True
>>> False not in a
False
>>>         

Copy Notepad++ text with formatting?

Horrible to look for this failure:

Copy .dll to here:

\Program Files\Notepad++\plugins --> put it here

Restart the notepad++

and now you are able to use the copy commands!!!

How do I save a String to a text file using Java?

In Java 11 the java.nio.file.Files class was extended by two new utility methods to write a string into a file. The first method (see JavaDoc here) uses the charset UTF-8 as default:

Files.writeString(Path.of("my", "path"), "My String");

And the second method (see JavaDoc here) allows to specify an individual charset:

Files.writeString(Path.of("my", "path"), "My String", StandardCharset.ISO_8859_1);

Both methods have an optional Varargs parameter for setting file handling options (see JavaDoc here). The following example would create a non-existing file or append the string to an existing one:

Files.writeString(Path.of("my", "path"), "String to append", StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.APPEND);

Convert char * to LPWSTR

The std::mbstowcs function is what you are looking for:

 char text[] = "something";
 wchar_t wtext[20];
 mbstowcs(wtext, text, strlen(text)+1);//Plus null
 LPWSTR ptr = wtext;

for strings,

 string text = "something";
 wchar_t wtext[20];
 mbstowcs(wtext, text.c_str(), text.length());//includes null
 LPWSTR ptr = wtext;

--> ED: The "L" prefix only works on string literals, not variables. <--

HTTP Error 503, the service is unavailable

Check Event Viewer - Windows - Application. If there is a red Error line made from IIS-W3SVC-WP and the message is like The Module DLL C:\Windows\system32\inetsrv\rewrite.dll failed to load. The data is the error. then you are missing some Windows Setup features.

In Windows Server 2012 go to Server Manager, Add Roles and Features, Web Server (IIS) and add the matching feature. Usually, most of the Application Development section is installed. Here is a complete list of IIS features and their associated DLL to help in diagnosis.

After going through a few iterations of that I ended on the error message above regarding "rewrite.dll". This led to a direct download and install of Microsoft URL Rewrite tool. Finally all websites came to life.

PHP Converting Integer to Date, reverse of strtotime

I guess you are asking why is 1388516401 equal to 2014-01-01...?

There is an historical reason for that. There is a 32-bit integer variable, called time_t, that keeps the count of the time elapsed since 1970-01-01 00:00:00. Its value expresses time in seconds. This means that in 2014-01-01 00:00:01 time_t will be equal to 1388516401.

This leads us for sure to another interesting fact... In 2038-01-19 03:14:07 time_t will reach 2147485547, the maximum value for a 32-bit number. Ever heard about John Titor and the Year 2038 problem? :D

Read/write files within a Linux kernel module

Since version 4.14 of Linux kernel, vfs_read and vfs_write functions are no longer exported for use in modules. Instead, functions exclusively for kernel's file access are provided:

# Read the file from the kernel space.
ssize_t kernel_read(struct file *file, void *buf, size_t count, loff_t *pos);

# Write the file from the kernel space.
ssize_t kernel_write(struct file *file, const void *buf, size_t count,
            loff_t *pos);

Also, filp_open no longer accepts user-space string, so it can be used for kernel access directly (without dance with set_fs).

invalid multibyte char (US-ASCII) with Rails and Ruby 1.9

If you want to add magic comments on all the source files of a project easily, you can use the magic_encoding gem

sudo gem install magic_encoding

then just call magic_encoding in the terminal from the root of your app.

What is default session timeout in ASP.NET?

The default is 20 minutes. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/h6bb9cz9(v=vs.80).aspx

<sessionState 
mode="[Off|InProc|StateServer|SQLServer|Custom]"
timeout="number of minutes"
cookieName="session identifier cookie name"
cookieless=
     "[true|false|AutoDetect|UseCookies|UseUri|UseDeviceProfile]"
regenerateExpiredSessionId="[True|False]"
sqlConnectionString="sql connection string"
sqlCommandTimeout="number of seconds"
allowCustomSqlDatabase="[True|False]"
useHostingIdentity="[True|False]"
stateConnectionString="tcpip=server:port"
stateNetworkTimeout="number of seconds"
customProvider="custom provider name">
<providers>...</providers>
</sessionState>

'namespace' but is used like a 'type'

All the answers indicate the cause, but sometimes the bigger problem is identifying all the places that define an improper namespace. With tools like Resharper that automatically adjust the namespace using the folder structure, it is rather easy to encounter this issue.

You can get all the lines that create the issue by searching in project / solution using the following regex:

namespace .+\.TheNameUsedAsBothNamespaceAndType

Get the contents of a table row with a button click

function useAdress () { 
var id = $("#choose-address-table").find(".nr:first").text();
alert (id);
$("#resultas").append(id); // Testing: append the contents of the td to a div
};

then on your button:

onclick="useAdress()"

Check if cookie exists else set cookie to Expire in 10 days

if (/(^|;)\s*visited=/.test(document.cookie)) {
    alert("Hello again!");
} else {
    document.cookie = "visited=true; max-age=" + 60 * 60 * 24 * 10; // 60 seconds to a minute, 60 minutes to an hour, 24 hours to a day, and 10 days.
    alert("This is your first time!");
}

is one way to do it. Note that document.cookie is a magic property, so you don't have to worry about overwriting anything, either.

There are also more convenient libraries to work with cookies, and if you don’t need the information you’re storing sent to the server on every request, HTML5’s localStorage and friends are convenient and useful.

How can I do DNS lookups in Python, including referring to /etc/hosts?

list( map( lambda x: x[4][0], socket.getaddrinfo( \
     'www.example.com.',22,type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)))

gives you a list of the addresses for www.example.com. (ipv4 and ipv6)

Bootstrap 3 grid with no gap

I always add this style to my Bootstrap LESS / SASS:

.row-no-padding {
  [class*="col-"] {
    padding-left: 0 !important;
    padding-right: 0 !important;
  }
}

Then in the HTML you can write:

<div class="row row-no-padding">

`node-pre-gyp install --fallback-to-build` failed during MeanJS installation on OSX

are you running the example from the node_modules folder?

They are not supposed to be ran from there.

Create the following file on your project instead:

post-data.js

var Curl = require( 'node-libcurl' ).Curl,
   querystring = require( 'querystring' );

var curl = new Curl(),
  url  = 'http://posttestserver.com/post.php',
data = { //Data to send, inputName : value
    'input-arr[0]' : 'input-arr-val0',
    'input-arr[1]' : 'input-arr-val1',
    'input-arr[2]' : 'input-arr-val2',
    'input-name' : 'input-val'
};

//You need to build the query string, 
// node has this helper function, but it's limited for real use cases (no support for 
array values for example)
data = querystring.stringify( data );

 curl.setOpt( Curl.option.URL, url );
 curl.setOpt( Curl.option.POSTFIELDS, data );
 curl.setOpt( Curl.option.HTTPHEADER, ['User-Agent: node-libcurl/1.0'] );
 curl.setOpt( Curl.option.VERBOSE, true );

 console.log( querystring.stringify( data ) );

 curl.perform();

 curl.on( 'end', function( statusCode, body ) {

console.log( body );

this.close();
});

curl.on( 'error', curl.close.bind( curl ) );

Run with node post-data.js

ref:https://github.com/JCMais/node-libcurl/issues/98

Default session timeout for Apache Tomcat applications

Open $CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml and find this

<!-- ==================== Default Session Configuration ================= -->
<!-- You can set the default session timeout (in minutes) for all newly   -->
<!-- created sessions by modifying the value below.                       -->

<session-config>
  <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
</session-config>

all webapps implicitly inherit from this default web descriptor. You can override session-config as well as other settings defined there in your web.xml.

This is actually from my Tomcat 7 (Windows) but I think 5.5 conf is not very different

Error in MySQL when setting default value for DATE or DATETIME

I got into a situation where the data was mixed between NULL and 0000-00-00 for a date field. But I did not know how to update the '0000-00-00' to NULL, because

 update my_table set my_date_field=NULL where my_date_field='0000-00-00'

is not allowed any more. My workaround was quite simple:

update my_table set my_date_field=NULL where my_date_field<'1000-01-01'

because all the incorrect my_date_field values (whether correct dates or not) were from before this date.

htmlentities() vs. htmlspecialchars()

**HTML Character Entity Reference Chart at W3.org**

https://dev.w3.org/html5/html-author/charref

&Tab;
&NewLine;
!
&excl;
"
&quot; &QUOT;
#
&num;
$
&dollar;
%
&percnt;
&
&amp; &AMP;
'
&apos;
(
&lpar;
)
&rpar;
*
&ast; &midast;
+
&plus;
,
&comma;
.
&period;
/
&sol;
:
&colon;
;
&semi;
<
&lt; &LT;
=
&equals;
>
&gt; &GT;
?
&quest;
@
&commat;
[
&lsqb; &lbrack;
\
&bsol;
]
&rsqb; &rbrack;
^
&Hat;
_
&lowbar;
`
&grave; &DiacriticalGrave;
{
&lcub; &lbrace;
|
&verbar; &vert; &VerticalLine;
}
&rcub; &rbrace;

&nbsp; &NonBreakingSpace;
¡
&iexcl;
¢
&cent;
£
&pound;
¤
&curren;
¥
&yen;
¦
&brvbar;
§
&sect;
¨
&Dot; &die; &DoubleDot; &uml;
©
&copy; &COPY;
ª
&ordf;
«
&laquo;
¬
&not;
&shy;
®
&reg; &circledR; &REG;
¯
&macr; &OverBar; &strns;
°
&deg;
±
&plusmn; &pm; &PlusMinus;
²
&sup2;
³
&sup3;
´
&acute; &DiacriticalAcute;
µ
&micro;
¶
&para;
·
&middot; &centerdot; &CenterDot;
¸
&cedil; &Cedilla;
¹
&sup1;
º
&ordm;
»
&raquo;
¼
&frac14;
½
&frac12; &half;
¾
&frac34;
¿
&iquest;
À
&Agrave;
Á
&Aacute;
Â
&Acirc;
Ã
&Atilde;
Ä
&Auml;
Å
&Aring;
Æ
&AElig;
Ç
&Ccedil;
È
&Egrave;
É
&Eacute;
Ê
&Ecirc;
Ë
&Euml;
Ì
&Igrave;
Í
&Iacute;
Î
&Icirc;
Ï
&Iuml;
Ð
&ETH;
Ñ
&Ntilde;
Ò
&Ograve;
Ó
&Oacute;
Ô
&Ocirc;
Õ
&Otilde;
Ö
&Ouml;
×
&times;
Ø
&Oslash;
Ù
&Ugrave;
Ú
&Uacute;
Û
&Ucirc;
Ü
&Uuml;
Ý
&Yacute;
Þ
&THORN;
ß
&szlig;
à
&agrave;
á
&aacute;
â
&acirc;
ã
&atilde;
ä
&auml;
å
&aring;
æ
&aelig;
ç
&ccedil;
è
&egrave;
é
&eacute;
ê
&ecirc;
ë
&euml;
ì
&igrave;
í
&iacute;
î
&icirc;
ï
&iuml;
ð
&eth;
ñ
&ntilde;
ò
&ograve;
ó
&oacute;
ô
&ocirc;
õ
&otilde;
ö
&ouml;
÷
&divide; &div;
ø
&oslash;
ù
&ugrave;
ú
&uacute;
û
&ucirc;
ü
&uuml;
ý
&yacute;
þ
&thorn;
ÿ
&yuml;
A
&Amacr;
a
&amacr;
A
&Abreve;
a
&abreve;
A
&Aogon;
a
&aogon;
C
&Cacute;
c
&cacute;
C
&Ccirc;
c
&ccirc;
C
&Cdot;
c
&cdot;
C
&Ccaron;
c
&ccaron;
D
&Dcaron;
d
&dcaron;
Ð
&Dstrok;
d
&dstrok;
E
&Emacr;
e
&emacr;
E
&Edot;
e
&edot;
E
&Eogon;
e
&eogon;
E
&Ecaron;
e
&ecaron;
G
&Gcirc;
g
&gcirc;
G
&Gbreve;
g
&gbreve;
G
&Gdot;
g
&gdot;
G
&Gcedil;
H
&Hcirc;
h
&hcirc;
H
&Hstrok;
h
&hstrok;
I
&Itilde;
i
&itilde;
I
&Imacr;
i
&imacr;
I
&Iogon;
i
&iogon;
I
&Idot;
i
&imath; &inodot;
?
&IJlig;
?
&ijlig;
J
&Jcirc;
j
&jcirc;
K
&Kcedil;
k
&kcedil;
?
&kgreen;
L
&Lacute;
l
&lacute;
L
&Lcedil;
l
&lcedil;
L
&Lcaron;
l
&lcaron;
?
&Lmidot;
?
&lmidot;
L
&Lstrok;
l
&lstrok;
N
&Nacute;
n
&nacute;
N
&Ncedil;
n
&ncedil;
N
&Ncaron;
n
&ncaron;
?
&napos;
?
&ENG;
?
&eng;
O
&Omacr;
o
&omacr;
O
&Odblac;
o
&odblac;
Œ
&OElig;
œ
&oelig;
R
&Racute;
r
&racute;
R
&Rcedil;
r
&rcedil;
R
&Rcaron;
r
&rcaron;
S
&Sacute;
s
&sacute;
S
&Scirc;
s
&scirc;
S
&Scedil;
s
&scedil;
Š
&Scaron;
š
&scaron;
T
&Tcedil;
t
&tcedil;
T
&Tcaron;
t
&tcaron;
T
&Tstrok;
t
&tstrok;
U
&Utilde;
u
&utilde;
U
&Umacr;
u
&umacr;
U
&Ubreve;
u
&ubreve;
U
&Uring;
u
&uring;
U
&Udblac;
u
&udblac;
U
&Uogon;
u
&uogon;
W
&Wcirc;
w
&wcirc;
Y
&Ycirc;
y
&ycirc;
Ÿ
&Yuml;
Z
&Zacute;
z
&zacute;
Z
&Zdot;
z
&zdot;
Ž
&Zcaron;
ž
&zcaron;
ƒ
&fnof;
?
&imped;
?
&gacute;
?
&jmath;
ˆ
&circ;
?
&caron; &Hacek;
?
&breve; &Breve;
?
&dot; &DiacriticalDot;
°
&ring;
?
&ogon;
˜
&tilde; &DiacriticalTilde;
?
&dblac; &DiacriticalDoubleAcute;
?
&DownBreve;
_
&UnderBar;
?
&Alpha;
?
&Beta;
G
&Gamma;
?
&Delta;
?
&Epsilon;
?
&Zeta;
?
&Eta;
T
&Theta;
?
&Iota;
?
&Kappa;
?
&Lambda;
?
&Mu;
?
&Nu;
?
&Xi;
?
&Omicron;
?
&Pi;
?
&Rho;
S
&Sigma;
?
&Tau;
?
&Upsilon;
F
&Phi;
?
&Chi;
?
&Psi;
O
&Omega;
a
&alpha;
ß
&beta;
?
&gamma;
d
&delta;
e
&epsiv; &varepsilon; &epsilon;
?
&zeta;
?
&eta;
?
&theta;
?
&iota;
?
&kappa;
?
&lambda;
µ
&mu;
?
&nu;
?
&xi;
?
&omicron;
p
&pi;
?
&rho;
?
&sigmav; &varsigma; &sigmaf;
s
&sigma;
t
&tau;
?
&upsi; &upsilon;
f
&phi; &phiv; &varphi;
?
&chi;
?
&psi;
?
&omega;
?
&thetav; &vartheta; &thetasym;
?
&Upsi; &upsih;
?
&straightphi;
?
&piv; &varpi;
?
&Gammad;
?
&gammad; &digamma;
?
&kappav; &varkappa;
?
&rhov; &varrho;
?
&epsi; &straightepsilon;
?
&bepsi; &backepsilon;
?
&IOcy;
?
&DJcy;
?
&GJcy;
?
&Jukcy;
?
&DScy;
?
&Iukcy;
?
&YIcy;
?
&Jsercy;
?
&LJcy;
?
&NJcy;
?
&TSHcy;
?
&KJcy;
?
&Ubrcy;
?
&DZcy;
?
&Acy;
?
&Bcy;
?
&Vcy;
?
&Gcy;
?
&Dcy;
?
&IEcy;
?
&ZHcy;
?
&Zcy;
?
&Icy;
?
&Jcy;
?
&Kcy;
?
&Lcy;
?
&Mcy;
?
&Ncy;
?
&Ocy;
?
&Pcy;
?
&Rcy;
?
&Scy;
?
&Tcy;
?
&Ucy;
?
&Fcy;
?
&KHcy;
?
&TScy;
?
&CHcy;
?
&SHcy;
?
&SHCHcy;
?
&HARDcy;
?
&Ycy;
?
&SOFTcy;
?
&Ecy;
?
&YUcy;
?
&YAcy;
?
&acy;
?
&bcy;
?
&vcy;
?
&gcy;
?
&dcy;
?
&iecy;
?
&zhcy;
?
&zcy;
?
&icy;
?
&jcy;
?
&kcy;
?
&lcy;
?
&mcy;
?
&ncy;
?
&ocy;
?
&pcy;
?
&rcy;
?
&scy;
?
&tcy;
?
&ucy;
?
&fcy;
?
&khcy;
?
&tscy;
?
&chcy;
?
&shcy;
?
&shchcy;
?
&hardcy;
?
&ycy;
?
&softcy;
?
&ecy;
?
&yucy;
?
&yacy;
?
&iocy;
?
&djcy;
?
&gjcy;
?
&jukcy;
?
&dscy;
?
&iukcy;
?
&yicy;
?
&jsercy;
?
&ljcy;
?
&njcy;
?
&tshcy;
?
&kjcy;
?
&ubrcy;
?
&dzcy;
 
&ensp;
 
&emsp;
 
&emsp13;
 
&emsp14;
 
&numsp;
 
&puncsp;
 
&thinsp; &ThinSpace;
 
&hairsp; &VeryThinSpace;
?
&ZeroWidthSpace; &NegativeVeryThinSpace; &NegativeThinSpace; &NegativeMediumSpace; &NegativeThickSpace;
?
&zwnj;
?
&zwj;
?
&lrm;
?
&rlm;
-
&hyphen; &dash;
–
&ndash;
—
&mdash;
-
&horbar;
?
&Verbar; &Vert;
‘
&lsquo; &OpenCurlyQuote;
’
&rsquo; &rsquor; &CloseCurlyQuote;
‚
&lsquor; &sbquo;
“
&ldquo; &OpenCurlyDoubleQuote;
”
&rdquo; &rdquor; &CloseCurlyDoubleQuote;
„
&ldquor; &bdquo;
†
&dagger;
‡
&Dagger; &ddagger;
•
&bull; &bullet;
?
&nldr;
…
&hellip; &mldr;
‰
&permil;
?
&pertenk;
'
&prime;
"
&Prime;
?
&tprime;
`
&bprime; &backprime;
‹
&lsaquo;
›
&rsaquo;
?
&oline;
?
&caret;
?
&hybull;
/
&frasl;
?
&bsemi;
?
&qprime;
?
&MediumSpace;
?
&NoBreak;
?
&ApplyFunction; &af;
?
&InvisibleTimes; &it;
?
&InvisibleComma; &ic;
€
&euro;
?
&tdot; &TripleDot;
?
&DotDot;
C
&Copf; &complexes;
?
&incare;
g
&gscr;
H
&hamilt; &HilbertSpace; &Hscr;
H
&Hfr; &Poincareplane;
H
&quaternions; &Hopf;
h
&planckh;
?
&planck; &hbar; &plankv; &hslash;
I
&Iscr; &imagline;
I
&image; &Im; &imagpart; &Ifr;
L
&Lscr; &lagran; &Laplacetrf;
l
&ell;
N
&Nopf; &naturals;
?
&numero;
?
&copysr;
P
&weierp; &wp;
P
&Popf; &primes;
Q
&rationals; &Qopf;
R
&Rscr; &realine;
R
&real; &Re; &realpart; &Rfr;
R
&reals; &Ropf;
?
&rx;
™
&trade; &TRADE;
Z
&integers; &Zopf;
?
&ohm;
?
&mho;
Z
&Zfr; &zeetrf;
?
&iiota;
Å
&angst;
B
&bernou; &Bernoullis; &Bscr;
C
&Cfr; &Cayleys;
e
&escr;
E
&Escr; &expectation;
F
&Fscr; &Fouriertrf;
M
&phmmat; &Mellintrf; &Mscr;
o
&order; &orderof; &oscr;
?
&alefsym; &aleph;
?
&beth;
?
&gimel;
?
&daleth;
?
&CapitalDifferentialD; &DD;
?
&DifferentialD; &dd;
?
&ExponentialE; &exponentiale; &ee;
?
&ImaginaryI; &ii;
?
&frac13;
?
&frac23;
?
&frac15;
?
&frac25;
?
&frac35;
?
&frac45;
?
&frac16;
?
&frac56;
?
&frac18;
?
&frac38;
?
&frac58;
?
&frac78;
?
&larr; &leftarrow; &LeftArrow; &slarr; &ShortLeftArrow;
?
&uarr; &uparrow; &UpArrow; &ShortUpArrow;
?
&rarr; &rightarrow; &RightArrow; &srarr; &ShortRightArrow;
?
&darr; &downarrow; &DownArrow; &ShortDownArrow;
?
&harr; &leftrightarrow; &LeftRightArrow;
?
&varr; &updownarrow; &UpDownArrow;
?
&nwarr; &UpperLeftArrow; &nwarrow;
?
&nearr; &UpperRightArrow; &nearrow;
?
&searr; &searrow; &LowerRightArrow;
?
&swarr; &swarrow; &LowerLeftArrow;
?
&nlarr; &nleftarrow;
?
&nrarr; &nrightarrow;
?
&rarrw; &rightsquigarrow;
?
&Larr; &twoheadleftarrow;
?
&Uarr;
?
&Rarr; &twoheadrightarrow;
?
&Darr;
?
&larrtl; &leftarrowtail;
?
&rarrtl; &rightarrowtail;
?
&LeftTeeArrow; &mapstoleft;
?
&UpTeeArrow; &mapstoup;
?
&map; &RightTeeArrow; &mapsto;
?
&DownTeeArrow; &mapstodown;
?
&larrhk; &hookleftarrow;
?
&rarrhk; &hookrightarrow;
?
&larrlp; &looparrowleft;
?
&rarrlp; &looparrowright;
?
&harrw; &leftrightsquigarrow;
?
&nharr; &nleftrightarrow;
?
&lsh; &Lsh;
?
&rsh; &Rsh;
?
&ldsh;
?
&rdsh;
?
&crarr;
?
&cularr; &curvearrowleft;
?
&curarr; &curvearrowright;
?
&olarr; &circlearrowleft;
?
&orarr; &circlearrowright;
?
&lharu; &LeftVector; &leftharpoonup;
?
&lhard; &leftharpoondown; &DownLeftVector;
?
&uharr; &upharpoonright; &RightUpVector;
?
&uharl; &upharpoonleft; &LeftUpVector;
?
&rharu; &RightVector; &rightharpoonup;
?
&rhard; &rightharpoondown; &DownRightVector;
?
&dharr; &RightDownVector; &downharpoonright;
?
&dharl; &LeftDownVector; &downharpoonleft;
?
&rlarr; &rightleftarrows; &RightArrowLeftArrow;
?
&udarr; &UpArrowDownArrow;
?
&lrarr; &leftrightarrows; &LeftArrowRightArrow;
?
&llarr; &leftleftarrows;
?
&uuarr; &upuparrows;
?
&rrarr; &rightrightarrows;
?
&ddarr; &downdownarrows;
?
&lrhar; &ReverseEquilibrium; &leftrightharpoons;
?
&rlhar; &rightleftharpoons; &Equilibrium;
?
&nlArr; &nLeftarrow;
?
&nhArr; &nLeftrightarrow;
?
&nrArr; &nRightarrow;
?
&lArr; &Leftarrow; &DoubleLeftArrow;
?
&uArr; &Uparrow; &DoubleUpArrow;
?
&rArr; &Rightarrow; &Implies; &DoubleRightArrow;
?
&dArr; &Downarrow; &DoubleDownArrow;
?
&hArr; &Leftrightarrow; &DoubleLeftRightArrow; &iff;
?
&vArr; &Updownarrow; &DoubleUpDownArrow;
?
&nwArr;
?
&neArr;
?
&seArr;
?
&swArr;
?
&lAarr; &Lleftarrow;
?
&rAarr; &Rrightarrow;
?
&zigrarr;
?
&larrb; &LeftArrowBar;
?
&rarrb; &RightArrowBar;
?
&duarr; &DownArrowUpArrow;
?
&loarr;
?
&roarr;
?
&hoarr;
?
&forall; &ForAll;
?
&comp; &complement;
?
&part; &PartialD;
?
&exist; &Exists;
?
&nexist; &NotExists; &nexists;
Ø
&empty; &emptyset; &emptyv; &varnothing;
?
&nabla; &Del;
?
&isin; &isinv; &Element; &in;
?
&notin; &NotElement; &notinva;
?
&niv; &ReverseElement; &ni; &SuchThat;
?
&notni; &notniva; &NotReverseElement;
?
&prod; &Product;
?
&coprod; &Coproduct;
?
&sum; &Sum;
-
&minus;
±
&mnplus; &mp; &MinusPlus;
?
&plusdo; &dotplus;
\
&setmn; &setminus; &Backslash; &ssetmn; &smallsetminus;
*
&lowast;
°
&compfn; &SmallCircle;
v
&radic; &Sqrt;
?
&prop; &propto; &Proportional; &vprop; &varpropto;
8
&infin;
?
&angrt;
?
&ang; &angle;
?
&angmsd; &measuredangle;
?
&angsph;
|
&mid; &VerticalBar; &smid; &shortmid;
?
&nmid; &NotVerticalBar; &nsmid; &nshortmid;
?
&par; &parallel; &DoubleVerticalBar; &spar; &shortparallel;
?
&npar; &nparallel; &NotDoubleVerticalBar; &nspar; &nshortparallel;
?
&and; &wedge;
?
&or; &vee;
n
&cap;
?
&cup;
?
&int; &Integral;
?
&Int;
?
&tint; &iiint;
?
&conint; &oint; &ContourIntegral;
?
&Conint; &DoubleContourIntegral;
?
&Cconint;
?
&cwint;
?
&cwconint; &ClockwiseContourIntegral;
?
&awconint; &CounterClockwiseContourIntegral;
?
&there4; &therefore; &Therefore;
?
&becaus; &because; &Because;
:
&ratio;
?
&Colon; &Proportion;
?
&minusd; &dotminus;
?
&mDDot;
?
&homtht;
~
&sim; &Tilde; &thksim; &thicksim;
?
&bsim; &backsim;
?
&ac; &mstpos;
?
&acd;
?
&wreath; &VerticalTilde; &wr;
?
&nsim; &NotTilde;
?
&esim; &EqualTilde; &eqsim;
?
&sime; &TildeEqual; &simeq;
?
&nsime; &nsimeq; &NotTildeEqual;
?
&cong; &TildeFullEqual;
?
&simne;
?
&ncong; &NotTildeFullEqual;
˜
&asymp; &ap; &TildeTilde; &approx; &thkap; &thickapprox;
?
&nap; &NotTildeTilde; &napprox;
?
&ape; &approxeq;
?
&apid;
?
&bcong; &backcong;
?
&asympeq; &CupCap;
?
&bump; &HumpDownHump; &Bumpeq;
?
&bumpe; &HumpEqual; &bumpeq;
?
&esdot; &DotEqual; &doteq;
?
&eDot; &doteqdot;
?
&efDot; &fallingdotseq;
?
&erDot; &risingdotseq;
?
&colone; &coloneq; &Assign;
?
&ecolon; &eqcolon;
?
&ecir; &eqcirc;
?
&cire; &circeq;
?
&wedgeq;
?
&veeeq;
?
&trie; &triangleq;
?
&equest; &questeq;
?
&ne; &NotEqual;
=
&equiv; &Congruent;
?
&nequiv; &NotCongruent;
=
&le; &leq;
=
&ge; &GreaterEqual; &geq;
?
&lE; &LessFullEqual; &leqq;
?
&gE; &GreaterFullEqual; &geqq;
?
&lnE; &lneqq;
?
&gnE; &gneqq;
«
&Lt; &NestedLessLess; &ll;
»
&Gt; &NestedGreaterGreater; &gg;
?
&twixt; &between;
?
&NotCupCap;
?
&nlt; &NotLess; &nless;
?
&ngt; &NotGreater; &ngtr;
?
&nle; &NotLessEqual; &nleq;
?
&nge; &NotGreaterEqual; &ngeq;
?
&lsim; &LessTilde; &lesssim;
?
&gsim; &gtrsim; &GreaterTilde;
?
&nlsim; &NotLessTilde;
?
&ngsim; &NotGreaterTilde;
?
&lg; &lessgtr; &LessGreater;
?
&gl; &gtrless; &GreaterLess;
?
&ntlg; &NotLessGreater;
?
&ntgl; &NotGreaterLess;
?
&pr; &Precedes; &prec;
?
&sc; &Succeeds; &succ;
?
&prcue; &PrecedesSlantEqual; &preccurlyeq;
?
&sccue; &SucceedsSlantEqual; &succcurlyeq;
?
&prsim; &precsim; &PrecedesTilde;
?
&scsim; &succsim; &SucceedsTilde;
?
&npr; &nprec; &NotPrecedes;
?
&nsc; &nsucc; &NotSucceeds;
?
&sub; &subset;
?
&sup; &supset; &Superset;
?
&nsub;
?
&nsup;
?
&sube; &SubsetEqual; &subseteq;
?
&supe; &supseteq; &SupersetEqual;
?
&nsube; &nsubseteq; &NotSubsetEqual;
?
&nsupe; &nsupseteq; &NotSupersetEqual;
?
&subne; &subsetneq;
?
&supne; &supsetneq;
?
&cupdot;
?
&uplus; &UnionPlus;
?
&sqsub; &SquareSubset; &sqsubset;
?
&sqsup; &SquareSuperset; &sqsupset;
?
&sqsube; &SquareSubsetEqual; &sqsubseteq;
?
&sqsupe; &SquareSupersetEqual; &sqsupseteq;
?
&sqcap; &SquareIntersection;
?
&sqcup; &SquareUnion;
?
&oplus; &CirclePlus;
?
&ominus; &CircleMinus;
?
&otimes; &CircleTimes;
?
&osol;
?
&odot; &CircleDot;
?
&ocir; &circledcirc;
?
&oast; &circledast;
?
&odash; &circleddash;
?
&plusb; &boxplus;
?
&minusb; &boxminus;
?
&timesb; &boxtimes;
?
&sdotb; &dotsquare;
?
&vdash; &RightTee;
?
&dashv; &LeftTee;
?
&top; &DownTee;
?
&bottom; &bot; &perp; &UpTee;
?
&models;
?
&vDash; &DoubleRightTee;
?
&Vdash;
?
&Vvdash;
?
&VDash;
?
&nvdash;
?
&nvDash;
?
&nVdash;
?
&nVDash;
?
&prurel;
?
&vltri; &vartriangleleft; &LeftTriangle;
?
&vrtri; &vartriangleright; &RightTriangle;
?
&ltrie; &trianglelefteq; &LeftTriangleEqual;
?
&rtrie; &trianglerighteq; &RightTriangleEqual;
?
&origof;
?
&imof;
?
&mumap; &multimap;
?
&hercon;
?
&intcal; &intercal;
?
&veebar;
?
&barvee;
?
&angrtvb;
?
&lrtri;
?
&xwedge; &Wedge; &bigwedge;
?
&xvee; &Vee; &bigvee;
?
&xcap; &Intersection; &bigcap;
?
&xcup; &Union; &bigcup;
?
&diam; &diamond; &Diamond;
·
&sdot;
?
&sstarf; &Star;
?
&divonx; &divideontimes;
?
&bowtie;
?
&ltimes;
?
&rtimes;
?
&lthree; &leftthreetimes;
?
&rthree; &rightthreetimes;
?
&bsime; &backsimeq;
?
&cuvee; &curlyvee;
?
&cuwed; &curlywedge;
?
&Sub; &Subset;
?
&Sup; &Supset;
?
&Cap;
?
&Cup;
?
&fork; &pitchfork;
?
&epar;
?
&ltdot; &lessdot;
?
&gtdot; &gtrdot;
?
&Ll;
?
&Gg; &ggg;
?
&leg; &LessEqualGreater; &lesseqgtr;
?
&gel; &gtreqless; &GreaterEqualLess;
?
&cuepr; &curlyeqprec;
?
&cuesc; &curlyeqsucc;
?
&nprcue; &NotPrecedesSlantEqual;
?
&nsccue; &NotSucceedsSlantEqual;
?
&nsqsube; &NotSquareSubsetEqual;
?
&nsqsupe; &NotSquareSupersetEqual;
?
&lnsim;
?
&gnsim;
?
&prnsim; &precnsim;
?
&scnsim; &succnsim;
?
&nltri; &ntriangleleft; &NotLeftTriangle;
?
&nrtri; &ntriangleright; &NotRightTriangle;
?
&nltrie; &ntrianglelefteq; &NotLeftTriangleEqual;
?
&nrtrie; &ntrianglerighteq; &NotRightTriangleEqual;
?
&vellip;
?
&ctdot;
?
&utdot;
?
&dtdot;
?
&disin;
?
&isinsv;
?
&isins;
?
&isindot;
?
&notinvc;
?
&notinvb;
?
&isinE;
?
&nisd;
?
&xnis;
?
&nis;
?
&notnivc;
?
&notnivb;
?
&barwed; &barwedge;
?
&Barwed; &doublebarwedge;
?
&lceil; &LeftCeiling;
?
&rceil; &RightCeiling;
?
&lfloor; &LeftFloor;
?
&rfloor; &RightFloor;
?
&drcrop;
?
&dlcrop;
?
&urcrop;
?
&ulcrop;
¬
&bnot;
?
&profline;
?
&profsurf;
?
&telrec;
?
&target;
?
&ulcorn; &ulcorner;
?
&urcorn; &urcorner;
?
&dlcorn; &llcorner;
?
&drcorn; &lrcorner;
?
&frown; &sfrown;
?
&smile; &ssmile;
?
&cylcty;
?
&profalar;
?
&topbot;
?
&ovbar;
?
&solbar;
?
&angzarr;
?
&lmoust; &lmoustache;
?
&rmoust; &rmoustache;
?
&tbrk; &OverBracket;
?
&bbrk; &UnderBracket;
?
&bbrktbrk;
?
&OverParenthesis;
?
&UnderParenthesis;
?
&OverBrace;
?
&UnderBrace;
?
&trpezium;
?
&elinters;
?
&blank;
?
&oS; &circledS;
-
&boxh; &HorizontalLine;
¦
&boxv;
+
&boxdr;
+
&boxdl;
+
&boxur;
+
&boxul;
+
&boxvr;
¦
&boxvl;
-
&boxhd;
-
&boxhu;
+
&boxvh;
-
&boxH;
¦
&boxV;
+
&boxdR;
+
&boxDr;
+
&boxDR;
+
&boxdL;
+
&boxDl;
+
&boxDL;
+
&boxuR;
+
&boxUr;
+
&boxUR;
+
&boxuL;
+
&boxUl;
+
&boxUL;
¦
&boxvR;
¦
&boxVr;
¦
&boxVR;
¦
&boxvL;
¦
&boxVl;
¦
&boxVL;
-
&boxHd;
-
&boxhD;
-
&boxHD;
-
&boxHu;
-
&boxhU;
-
&boxHU;
+
&boxvH;
+
&boxVh;
+
&boxVH;
¯
&uhblk;
_
&lhblk;
¦
&block;
¦
&blk14;
¦
&blk12;
¦
&blk34;
?
&squ; &square; &Square;
?
&squf; &squarf; &blacksquare; &FilledVerySmallSquare;
?
&EmptyVerySmallSquare;
?
&rect;
?
&marker;
?
&fltns;
?
&xutri; &bigtriangleup;
?
&utrif; &blacktriangle;
?
&utri; &triangle;
?
&rtrif; &blacktriangleright;
?
&rtri; &triangleright;
?
&xdtri; &bigtriangledown;
?
&dtrif; &blacktriangledown;
?
&dtri; &triangledown;
?
&ltrif; &blacktriangleleft;
?
&ltri; &triangleleft;
?
&loz; &lozenge;
?
&cir;
?
&tridot;
?
&xcirc; &bigcirc;
?
&ultri;
?
&urtri;
?
&lltri;
?
&EmptySmallSquare;
?
&FilledSmallSquare;
?
&starf; &bigstar;
?
&star;
?
&phone;
?
&female;
?
&male;
?
&spades; &spadesuit;
?
&clubs; &clubsuit;
?
&hearts; &heartsuit;
?
&diams; &diamondsuit;
?
&sung;
?
&flat;
?
&natur; &natural;
?
&sharp;
?
&check; &checkmark;
?
&cross;
?
&malt; &maltese;
?
&sext;
|
&VerticalSeparator;
?
&lbbrk;
?
&rbbrk;
?
&lobrk; &LeftDoubleBracket;
?
&robrk; &RightDoubleBracket;
?
&lang; &LeftAngleBracket; &langle;
?
&rang; &RightAngleBracket; &rangle;
?
&Lang;
?
&Rang;
?
&loang;
?
&roang;
?
&xlarr; &longleftarrow; &LongLeftArrow;
?
&xrarr; &longrightarrow; &LongRightArrow;
?
&xharr; &longleftrightarrow; &LongLeftRightArrow;
?
&xlArr; &Longleftarrow; &DoubleLongLeftArrow;
?
&xrArr; &Longrightarrow; &DoubleLongRightArrow;
?
&xhArr; &Longleftrightarrow; &DoubleLongLeftRightArrow;
?
&xmap; &longmapsto;
?
&dzigrarr;
?
&nvlArr;
?
&nvrArr;
?
&nvHarr;
?
&Map;
?
&lbarr;
?
&rbarr; &bkarow;
?
&lBarr;
?
&rBarr; &dbkarow;
?
&RBarr; &drbkarow;
?
&DDotrahd;
?
&UpArrowBar;
?
&DownArrowBar;
?
&Rarrtl;
?
&latail;
?
&ratail;
?
&lAtail;
?
&rAtail;
?
&larrfs;
?
&rarrfs;
?
&larrbfs;
?
&rarrbfs;
?
&nwarhk;
?
&nearhk;
?
&searhk; &hksearow;
?
&swarhk; &hkswarow;
?
&nwnear;
?
&nesear; &toea;
?
&seswar; &tosa;
?
&swnwar;
?
&rarrc;
?
&cudarrr;
?
&ldca;
?
&rdca;
?
&cudarrl;
?
&larrpl;
?
&curarrm;
?
&cularrp;
?
&rarrpl;
?
&harrcir;
?
&Uarrocir;
?
&lurdshar;
?
&ldrushar;
?
&LeftRightVector;
?
&RightUpDownVector;
?
&DownLeftRightVector;
?
&LeftUpDownVector;
?
&LeftVectorBar;
?
&RightVectorBar;
?
&RightUpVectorBar;
?
&RightDownVectorBar;
?
&DownLeftVectorBar;
?
&DownRightVectorBar;
?
&LeftUpVectorBar;
?
&LeftDownVectorBar;
?
&LeftTeeVector;
?
&RightTeeVector;
?
&RightUpTeeVector;
?
&RightDownTeeVector;
?
&DownLeftTeeVector;
?
&DownRightTeeVector;
?
&LeftUpTeeVector;
?
&LeftDownTeeVector;
?
&lHar;
?
&uHar;
?
&rHar;
?
&dHar;
?
&luruhar;
?
&ldrdhar;
?
&ruluhar;
?
&rdldhar;
?
&lharul;
?
&llhard;
?
&rharul;
?
&lrhard;
?
&udhar; &UpEquilibrium;
?
&duhar; &ReverseUpEquilibrium;
?
&RoundImplies;
?
&erarr;
?
&simrarr;
?
&larrsim;
?
&rarrsim;
?
&rarrap;
?
&ltlarr;
?
&gtrarr;
?
&subrarr;
?
&suplarr;
?
&lfisht;
?
&rfisht;
?
&ufisht;
?
&dfisht;
?
&lopar;
?
&ropar;
?
&lbrke;
?
&rbrke;
?
&lbrkslu;
?
&rbrksld;
?
&lbrksld;
?
&rbrkslu;
?
&langd;
?

Not fully, pls track the link for fully document.

Static array vs. dynamic array in C++

I think the semantics being used in your class are confusing. What's probably meant by 'static' is simply "constant size", and what's probably meant by "dynamic" is "variable size". In that case then, a constant size array might look like this:

int x[10];

and a "dynamic" one would just be any kind of structure that allows for the underlying storage to be increased or decreased at runtime. Most of the time, the std::vector class from the C++ standard library will suffice. Use it like this:

std::vector<int> x(10); // this starts with 10 elements, but the vector can be resized.

std::vector has operator[] defined, so you can use it with the same semantics as an array.

A top-like utility for monitoring CUDA activity on a GPU

you can use nvidia-smi pmon -i 0 to monitor every process in GPU 0. including compute mode, sm usage, memory usage, encoder usage, decoder usage.

Multi-dimensional arraylist or list in C#?

You can create a list of lists

   public class MultiDimList: List<List<string>> {  }

or a Dictionary of key-accessible Lists

   public class MultiDimDictList: Dictionary<string, List<int>>  { }
   MultiDimDictList myDicList = new MultiDimDictList ();
   myDicList.Add("ages", new List<int>()); 
   myDicList.Add("Salaries", new List<int>()); 
   myDicList.Add("AccountIds", new List<int>()); 

Generic versions, to implement suggestion in comment from @user420667

  public class MultiDimList<T>: List<List<T>> {  }

and for the dictionary,

   public class MultiDimDictList<K, T>: Dictionary<K, List<T>>  { }

  // to use it, in client code
   var myDicList = new MultiDimDictList<string, int> ();
   myDicList.Add("ages", new List<T>()); 
   myDicList["ages"].Add(23);
   myDicList["ages"].Add(32);
   myDicList["ages"].Add(18);

   myDicList.Add("salaries", new List<T>());
   myDicList["salaries"].Add(80000);
   myDicList["salaries"].Add(100000);

   myDicList.Add("accountIds", new List<T>()); 
   myDicList["accountIds"].Add(321123);
   myDicList["accountIds"].Add(342653);

or, even better, ...

   public class MultiDimDictList<K, T>: Dictionary<K, List<T>>  
   {
       public void Add(K key, T addObject)
       {
           if(!ContainsKey(key)) Add(key, new List<T>());
           if (!base[key].Contains(addObject)) base[key].Add(addObject);
       }           
   }


  // and to use it, in client code
    var myDicList = new MultiDimDictList<string, int> ();
    myDicList.Add("ages", 23);
    myDicList.Add("ages", 32);
    myDicList.Add("ages", 18);
    myDicList.Add("salaries", 80000);
    myDicList.Add("salaries", 110000);
    myDicList.Add("accountIds", 321123);
    myDicList.Add("accountIds", 342653);

EDIT: to include an Add() method for nested instance:

public class NestedMultiDimDictList<K, K2, T>: 
           MultiDimDictList<K, MultiDimDictList<K2, T>>: 
{
       public void Add(K key, K2 key2, T addObject)
       {
           if(!ContainsKey(key)) Add(key, 
                  new MultiDimDictList<K2, T>());
           if (!base[key].Contains(key2)) 
               base[key].Add(key2, addObject);
       }    
}

DOS: find a string, if found then run another script

C:\test>find /c "string" file | find ": 0" 1>nul && echo "execute command here"

Command to get latest Git commit hash from a branch

you can git fetch nameofremoterepo, then git log

and personally, I alias gitlog to git log --graph --oneline --pretty --decorate --all. try out and see if it fits you

String Padding in C

You must make sure that the input string has enough space to hold all the padding characters. Try this:

char hello[11] = "Hello";
StringPadRight(hello, 10, "0");

Note that I allocated 11 bytes for the hello string to account for the null terminator at the end.

How do I find the length/number of items present for an array?

Do you mean how long is the array itself, or how many customerids are in it?

Because the answer to the first question is easy: 5 (or if you don't want to hard-code it, Ben Stott's answer).

But the answer to the other question cannot be automatically determined. Presumably you have allocated an array of length 5, but will initially have 0 customer IDs in there, and will put them in one at a time, and your question is, "how many customer IDs have I put into the array?"

C can't tell you this. You will need to keep a separate variable, int numCustIds (for example). Every time you put a customer ID into the array, increment that variable. Then you can tell how many you have put in.

Uncaught SyntaxError: Invalid or unexpected token

You should pass @item.email in quotes then it will be treated as string argument

<td><a href ="#"  onclick="Getinfo('@item.email');" >6/16/2016 2:02:29 AM</a>  </td>

Otherwise, it is treated as variable thus error is generated.

path.join vs path.resolve with __dirname

Yes there is a difference between the functions but the way you are using them in this case will result in the same outcome.

path.join returns a normalized path by merging two paths together. It can return an absolute path, but it doesn't necessarily always do so.

For instance:

path.join('app/libs/oauth', '/../ssl')

resolves to app/libs/ssl

path.resolve, on the other hand, will resolve to an absolute path.

For instance, when you run:

path.resolve('bar', '/foo');

The path returned will be /foo since that is the first absolute path that can be constructed.

However, if you run:

path.resolve('/bar/bae', '/foo', 'test');

The path returned will be /foo/test again because that is the first absolute path that can be formed from right to left.

If you don't provide a path that specifies the root directory then the paths given to the resolve function are appended to the current working directory. So if your working directory was /home/mark/project/:

path.resolve('test', 'directory', '../back');

resolves to

/home/mark/project/test/back

Using __dirname is the absolute path to the directory containing the source file. When you use path.resolve or path.join they will return the same result if you give the same path following __dirname. In such cases it's really just a matter of preference.

How to plot an array in python?

if you give a 2D array to the plot function of matplotlib it will assume the columns to be lines:

If x and/or y is 2-dimensional, then the corresponding columns will be plotted.

In your case your shape is not accepted (100, 1, 1, 8000). As so you can using numpy squeeze to solve the problem quickly:

np.squeez doc: Remove single-dimensional entries from the shape of an array.

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

data = np.random.randint(3, 7, (10, 1, 1, 80))
newdata = np.squeeze(data) # Shape is now: (10, 80)
plt.plot(newdata) # plotting by columns
plt.show()

But notice that 100 sets of 80 000 points is a lot of data for matplotlib. I would recommend that you look for an alternative. The result of the code example (run in Jupyter) is:

Jupyter matplotlib plot

jQuery onclick event for <li> tags

I'm not really sure what your question is, but to get the text of the li element you can use:

$(this).text();

And to get the id of an element you can use .attr('id');. Once you have a reference to the element you want (e.g. $(this)) you can perform any jQuery function on it.

PHP $_FILES['file']['tmp_name']: How to preserve filename and extension?

$_FILES['file']['tmp_name']; will contain the temporary file name of the file on the server. This is just a placeholder on your server until you process the file

$_FILES['file']['name']; contains the original name of the uploaded file from the user's computer.

How do you launch the JavaScript debugger in Google Chrome?

Try adding this to your source:

debugger;

It works in most, if not all browsers. Just place it somewhere in your code, and it will act like a breakpoint.

Easiest way to compare arrays in C#

If you would like to handle null inputs gracefully, and ignore the order of items, try the following solution:

static class Extensions
{
    public static bool ItemsEqual<TSource>(this TSource[] array1, TSource[] array2)
    {
        if (array1 == null && array2 == null)
            return true;
        if (array1 == null || array2 == null)
            return false;
        if (array1.Count() != array2.Count())
            return false;
        return !array1.Except(array2).Any() && !array2.Except(array1).Any();
    }
}

The test code looks like:

public static void Main()
{
    int[] a1 = new int[] { 1, 2, 3 };
    int[] a2 = new int[] { 3, 2, 1 };
    int[] a3 = new int[] { 1, 3 };
    Console.WriteLine(a1.ItemsEqual(a2)); // Output: True.
    Console.WriteLine(a2.ItemsEqual(a3)); // Output: False.
    Console.WriteLine(a3.ItemsEqual(a2)); // Output: False.
   
    int[] a4 = new int[] { 1, 1 };
    int[] a5 = new int[] { 1, 2 };
    Console.WriteLine(a4.ItemsEqual(a5)); // Output: False 
    Console.WriteLine(a5.ItemsEqual(a4)); // Output: False 
    
    int[] a6 = null;
    int[] a7 = null;
    int[] a8 = new int[0];

    Console.WriteLine(a6.ItemsEqual(a7)); // Output: True. No Exception.
    Console.WriteLine(a8.ItemsEqual(a6)); // Output: False. No Exception.
    Console.WriteLine(a7.ItemsEqual(a8)); // Output: False. No Exception.
}

Max size of URL parameters in _GET

Ok, it seems that some versions of PHP have a limitation of length of GET params:

Please note that PHP setups with the suhosin patch installed will have a default limit of 512 characters for get parameters. Although bad practice, most browsers (including IE) supports URLs up to around 2000 characters, while Apache has a default of 8000.

To add support for long parameters with suhosin, add suhosin.get.max_value_length = <limit> in php.ini

Source: http://www.php.net/manual/en/reserved.variables.get.php#101469

access key and value of object using *ngFor

I think Object.keys is the best solution to this problem. For anyone that comes across this answer and is trying to find out why Object.keys is giving them ['0', '1'] instead of ['key1', 'key2'], a cautionary tale - beware the difference between "of" and "in":

I was already using Object.keys, something similar to this:

interface demo {
    key: string;
    value: string;
}

createDemo(mydemo: any): Array<demo> {
    const tempdemo: Array<demo> = [];

    // Caution: use "of" and not "in"
    for (const key of Object.keys(mydemo)) {
        tempdemo.push(
            { key: key, value: mydemo[key]}
        );
    }

    return tempdemo;
}

However, instead of

for (const key OF Object.keys(mydemo)) {

I had inadvertently wrote

for (const key IN Object.keys(mydemo)) {

which "worked" perfectly fine without any error and returned

[{key: '0', value: undefined}, {key: '1', value: undefined}]

That cost me about 2 hours googling and cursing..

(slaps forehead)

With CSS, use "..." for overflowed block of multi-lines

I've found this css (scss) solution that works quite well. On webkit browsers it shows the ellipsis and on other browsers it just truncates the text. Which is fine for my intended use.

$font-size: 26px;
$line-height: 1.4;
$lines-to-show: 3;

h2 {
  display: block; /* Fallback for non-webkit */
  display: -webkit-box;
  max-width: 400px;
  height: $font-size*$line-height*$lines-to-show; /* Fallback for non-webkit */
  margin: 0 auto;
  font-size: $font-size;
  line-height: $line-height;
  -webkit-line-clamp: $lines-to-show;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

An example by the creator: http://codepen.io/martinwolf/pen/qlFdp

Ruby value of a hash key?

It seems that your question is maybe a bit ambiguous.

If “values” in the first sentence means any generic value (i.e. object, since everything in Ruby can be viewed as an object), then one of the other answers probably tells you what you need to know (i.e. use Hash#[] (e.g. hash[some_key]) to find the value associated with a key).

If, however, “values” in first sentence is taken to mean the value part of the “key, value pairs” (as are stored in hashes), then your question seems like it might be about working in the other direction (key for a given value).

You can find a key that leads to a certain value with Hash#key.

ruby-1.9.2-head :001 > hash = { :a => '1', :b => :two, :c => 3, 'bee' => :two }
 => {:a=>"1", :b=>:two, :c=>3, "bee"=>:two} 
ruby-1.9.2-head :002 > a_value = :two
 => :two 
ruby-1.9.2-head :003 > hash.key(a_value)
 => :b 

If you are using a Ruby earlier than 1.9, you can use Hash#index.

When there are multiple keys with the desired value, the method will only return one of them. If you want all the keys with a given value, you may have to iterate a bit:

ruby-1.9.2-head :004 > hash[:b] == hash['bee']
 => true 
ruby-1.9.2-head :005 > keys = hash.inject([]) do # all keys with value a_value
ruby-1.9.2-head :006 >       |l,kv| kv[1] == a_value ? l << kv[0] : l
ruby-1.9.2-head :007?>   end
 => [:b, "bee"] 

Once you have a key (the keys) that lead to the value, you can compare them and act on them with if/unless/case expressions, custom methods that take blocks, et cetera. Just how you compare them depends on the kind of objects you are using for keys (people often use strings and symbols, but Ruby hashes can use any kind of object as keys (as long as they are not modified while they serve as keys)).

How to resolve the C:\fakepath?

Some browsers have a security feature that prevents JavaScript from knowing your file's local full path. It makes sense - as a client, you don't want the server to know your local machine's filesystem. It would be nice if all browsers did this.

How do I add a ToolTip to a control?

Drag a tooltip control from the toolbox onto your form. You don't really need to give it any properties other than a name. Then, in the properties of the control you wish to have a tooltip on, look for a new property with the name of the tooltip control you just added. It will by default give you a tooltip when the cursor hovers the control.

How to convert comma-separated String to List?

List<String> items = Arrays.asList(commaSeparated.split(","));

That should work for you.

How to change string into QString?

I came across this question because I had a problem when following the answers, so I post my solution here.

The above examples all show samples with strings containing only ASCII values, in which case everything works fine. However, when dealing with strings in Windows whcih can also contain other characters, like german umlauts, then these solutions don't work

The only code that gives correct results in such cases is

std::string s = "Übernahme";
QString q = QString::fromLocal8Bit(s.c_str());

If you don't have to deal with such strings, then the above answers will work fine.

Update rows in one table with data from another table based on one column in each being equal

If you want to update matching rows in t1 with data from t2 then:

update t1
set (c1, c2, c3) = 
(select c1, c2, c3 from t2
 where t2.user_id = t1.user_id)
where exists
(select * from t2
 where t2.user_id = t1.user_id)

The "where exists" part it to prevent updating the t1 columns to null where no match exists.

Async/Await Class Constructor

Variation on the builder pattern, using call():

function asyncMethod(arg) {
    function innerPromise() { return new Promise((...)=> {...}) }
    innerPromise().then(result => {
        this.setStuff(result);
    }
}

const getInstance = async (arg) => {
    let instance = new Instance();
    await asyncMethod.call(instance, arg);
    return instance;
}

"The Controls collection cannot be modified because the control contains code blocks"

I had this problem, but not via the Header. My placeholder was in the body. So I replaced all the <%= with <%# and did

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    Page.Header.DataBind();    
}

and it worked.

Requery a subform from another form?

I had a similar kind of issue, but with some differences...

In my case, my main form has a Control (vendor) which value I used to update a Query in my DB, using the following code:

Sub Set_Qry_PedidosRealizadosImportados_frm(Vd As Long)
Dim temp_qry As DAO.QueryDef

'Procedimento para ajustar o codigo do cliente na Qry_Pedidos realizados e importados
'Procedure to adjust the code of the client on Qry_Pedidos realizados e importados
Set temp_qry = CurrentDb.QueryDefs("Qry_Pedidos realizados e importados")
temp_qry.SQL = "SELECT DISTINCT " & _
            "[Qry_Pedidos distintos].[Codigo], " & _
            "[Qry_Pedidos distintos].[Razao social], " & _
            "COUNT([Qry_Pedidos distintos].[Pedido Avante]) As [Pedidos realizados], " & _
            "SUM(IIf(NZ([Qry_Pedidos distintos].[Pedido Flexx], 0) > 1, 1, 0)) As [Pedidos Importados] " & _
            "FROM [Qry_Pedidos distintos] " & _
            "WHERE [Qry_Pedidos distintos].Vd = " & Vd & _
            " Group BY " & _
            "[Qry_Pedidos distintos].[Razao social], " & _
            "[Qry_Pedidos distintos].[Codigo];"
End Sub

Since the beginning my subform record source was the query named "Qry_Pedidos realizados e importados".

But the only way I could update the subform data inside the main form context was to refresh the data source of the subform to it self, like posted bellow:

Private Sub cmb_vendedor_v1_Exit(Cancel As Integer)
'Codigo para atualizar o comando SQL da query
'Code to update the SQL statement of the query 
    Call Set_Qry_Pedidosrealizadosimportados_frm(Me.cmb_vendedor_v1.Value)

'Codigo para forçar o Access a aceitar o novo comando SQL
'Code to force de Access to accept the new sql statement
    Me!Frm_Pedidos_realizados_importados.Form.RecordSource = "Qry_Pedidos realizados e importados"
End Sub

No refresh, recalc, requery, etc, was necessary after all...

Convert Map to JSON using Jackson

You should prefer Object Mapper instead. Here is the link for the same : Object Mapper - Spring MVC way of Obect to JSON

Setting size for icon in CSS

You could override the framework CSS (I guess you're using one) and set the size as you want, like this:

.pnx-msg-icon pnx-icon-msg-warning {
    width: 24px !important;
    height: 24px !important;
}

The "!important" property will make sure your code has priority to the framework's code. Make sure you are overriding the correct property, I don't know how the framework is working, this is just an example of !important usage.

What is the use of the JavaScript 'bind' method?

/**
 * Bind is a method inherited from Function.prototype same like call and apply
 * It basically helps to bind a function to an object's context during initialisation 
 * 
 * */

window.myname = "Jineesh";  
var foo = function(){ 
  return this.myname;
};

//IE < 8 has issues with this, supported in ecmascript 5
var obj = { 
    myname : "John", 
    fn:foo.bind(window)// binds to window object
}; 
console.log( obj.fn() ); // Returns Jineesh

Going from MM/DD/YYYY to DD-MMM-YYYY in java

java.time

You should use java.time classes with Java 8 and later. To use java.time, add:

import java.time.* ;

Below is an example, how you can format date.

DateTimeFormatter format = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd-MMM-yyyy");
String date = "15-Oct-2018";
LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.parse(date, formatter);

System.out.println(localDate); 
System.out.println(formatter.format(localDate));

"configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed": How do I know why this happened?

sudo nginx -t should test all files and return errors and warnings locations

"unmappable character for encoding" warning in Java

If you use eclipse (Eclipse can put utf8 code for you even you write utf8 character. You will see normal utf8 character when you programming but background will be utf8 code) ;

  1. Select Project
  2. Right click and select Properties
  3. Select Resource on Resource Panel(Top of right menu which opened after 2.)
  4. You can see in Resource Panel, Text File Encoding, select other which you want

P.S : this will ok if you static value in code. For Example String test = "IIIIIiiiiiiççççç";

What is (functional) reactive programming?

If you want to get a feel for FRP, you could start with the old Fran tutorial from 1998, which has animated illustrations. For papers, start with Functional Reactive Animation and then follow up on links on the publications link on my home page and the FRP link on the Haskell wiki.

Personally, I like to think about what FRP means before addressing how it might be implemented. (Code without a specification is an answer without a question and thus "not even wrong".) So I don't describe FRP in representation/implementation terms as Thomas K does in another answer (graphs, nodes, edges, firing, execution, etc). There are many possible implementation styles, but no implementation says what FRP is.

I do resonate with Laurence G's simple description that FRP is about "datatypes that represent a value 'over time' ". Conventional imperative programming captures these dynamic values only indirectly, through state and mutations. The complete history (past, present, future) has no first class representation. Moreover, only discretely evolving values can be (indirectly) captured, since the imperative paradigm is temporally discrete. In contrast, FRP captures these evolving values directly and has no difficulty with continuously evolving values.

FRP is also unusual in that it is concurrent without running afoul of the theoretical & pragmatic rats' nest that plagues imperative concurrency. Semantically, FRP's concurrency is fine-grained, determinate, and continuous. (I'm talking about meaning, not implementation. An implementation may or may not involve concurrency or parallelism.) Semantic determinacy is very important for reasoning, both rigorous and informal. While concurrency adds enormous complexity to imperative programming (due to nondeterministic interleaving), it is effortless in FRP.

So, what is FRP? You could have invented it yourself. Start with these ideas:

  • Dynamic/evolving values (i.e., values "over time") are first class values in themselves. You can define them and combine them, pass them into & out of functions. I called these things "behaviors".

  • Behaviors are built up out of a few primitives, like constant (static) behaviors and time (like a clock), and then with sequential and parallel combination. n behaviors are combined by applying an n-ary function (on static values), "point-wise", i.e., continuously over time.

  • To account for discrete phenomena, have another type (family) of "events", each of which has a stream (finite or infinite) of occurrences. Each occurrence has an associated time and value.

  • To come up with the compositional vocabulary out of which all behaviors and events can be built, play with some examples. Keep deconstructing into pieces that are more general/simple.

  • So that you know you're on solid ground, give the whole model a compositional foundation, using the technique of denotational semantics, which just means that (a) each type has a corresponding simple & precise mathematical type of "meanings", and (b) each primitive and operator has a simple & precise meaning as a function of the meanings of the constituents. Never, ever mix implementation considerations into your exploration process. If this description is gibberish to you, consult (a) Denotational design with type class morphisms, (b) Push-pull functional reactive programming (ignoring the implementation bits), and (c) the Denotational Semantics Haskell wikibooks page. Beware that denotational semantics has two parts, from its two founders Christopher Strachey and Dana Scott: the easier & more useful Strachey part and the harder and less useful (for software design) Scott part.

If you stick with these principles, I expect you'll get something more-or-less in the spirit of FRP.

Where did I get these principles? In software design, I always ask the same question: "what does it mean?". Denotational semantics gave me a precise framework for this question, and one that fits my aesthetics (unlike operational or axiomatic semantics, both of which leave me unsatisfied). So I asked myself what is behavior? I soon realized that the temporally discrete nature of imperative computation is an accommodation to a particular style of machine, rather than a natural description of behavior itself. The simplest precise description of behavior I can think of is simply "function of (continuous) time", so that's my model. Delightfully, this model handles continuous, deterministic concurrency with ease and grace.

It's been quite a challenge to implement this model correctly and efficiently, but that's another story.

converting numbers in to words C#

When I had to solve this problem, I created a hard-coded data dictionary to map between numbers and their associated words. For example, the following might represent a few entries in the dictionary:

{1, "one"}
{2, "two"}
{30, "thirty"}

You really only need to worry about mapping numbers in the 10^0 (1,2,3, etc.) and 10^1 (10,20,30) positions because once you get to 100, you simply have to know when to use words like hundred, thousand, million, etc. in combination with your map. For example, when you have a number like 3,240,123, you get: three million two hundred forty thousand one hundred twenty three.

After you build your map, you need to work through each digit in your number and figure out the appropriate nomenclature to go with it.

Which is the correct C# infinite loop, for (;;) or while (true)?

Alternatively one could say having an infinite loop is normally bad practice anyway, since it needs an exit condition unless the app really runs forever. However, if this is for a cruise missile I will accept an explicit exit condition might not be required.

Though I do like this one:

for (float f = 16777216f; f < 16777217f; f++) { } 

Remove spaces from a string in VB.NET

To trim a string down so it does not contain two or more spaces in a row. Every instance of 2 or more space will be trimmed down to 1 space. A simple solution:

While ImageText1.Contains("  ")                     '2 spaces.
    ImageText1 = ImageText1.Replace("  ", " ")      'Replace with 1 space.
End While

Function for C++ struct

Yes, a struct is identical to a class except for the default access level (member-wise and inheritance-wise). (and the extra meaning class carries when used with a template)

Every functionality supported by a class is consequently supported by a struct. You'd use methods the same as you'd use them for a class.

struct foo {
  int bar;
  foo() : bar(3) {}   //look, a constructor
  int getBar() 
  { 
    return bar; 
  }
};

foo f;
int y = f.getBar(); // y is 3

getElementById in React

import React, { useState } from 'react';

function App() {
  const [apes , setap] = useState('yo');
  const handleClick = () =>{
    setap(document.getElementById('name').value)
  };
  return (
    <div>
      <input id='name' />
      <h2> {apes} </h2>
      <button onClick={handleClick} />
  </div>
  );
}

export default App;

How to set text color to a text view programmatically

TextView tt;
int color = Integer.parseInt("bdbdbd", 16)+0xFF000000;
tt.setTextColor(color);

also

tt.setBackgroundColor(Integer.parseInt("d4d446", 16)+0xFF000000);

also

tt.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#d4d446"));

see:

Java/Android String to Color conversion

How do I fix the "You don't have write permissions into the /usr/bin directory" error when installing Rails?

Using the -n /usr/local/bin flag does work, BUT I had to come back to this page every time I wanted to update a package again. So I figured out a permanent fix for this.

For those interested in fixing this permanently:

Create a ~/.gemrc file

vim .gemrc

With the following content:

:gemdir:
   - ~/.gem/ruby
install: -n /usr/local/bin

Now you can run your command normally without the -n flag.

Enjoy!

Scala how can I count the number of occurrences in a list

I did not get the size of the list using length but rather size as one the answer above suggested it because of the issue reported here.

val list = List("apple", "oranges", "apple", "banana", "apple", "oranges", "oranges")
list.groupBy(x=>x).map(t => (t._1, t._2.size))

Linking to a specific part of a web page

Just append a # followed by the ID of the <a> tag (or other HTML tag, like a <section>) that you're trying to get to. For example, if you are trying to link to the header in this HTML:

<p>This is some content.</p>
<h2><a id="target">Some Header</a></h2>
<p>This is some more content.</p>

You could use the link <a href="http://url.to.site/index.html#target">Link</a>.

Curl command without using cache

I know this is an older question, but I wanted to post an answer for users with the same question:

curl -H 'Cache-Control: no-cache' http://www.example.com

This curl command servers in its header request to return non-cached data from the web server.

How to parse XML using jQuery?

$xml = $( $.parseXML( xml ) );

$xml.find("<<your_xml_tag_name>>").each(function(index,elem){
    // elem = found XML element
});

JavaScriptSerializer.Deserialize - how to change field names

Json.NET will do what you want (disclaimer: I'm the author of the package). It supports reading DataContract/DataMember attributes as well as its own to change the property names. Also there is the StringEnumConverter class for serializing enum values as the name rather than the number.

Free tool to Create/Edit PNG Images?

The GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program). It's free, open source and runs on Windows and Linux (and maybe Mac?).

Difference between int32, int, int32_t, int8 and int8_t

The _t data types are typedef types in the stdint.h header, while int is an in built fundamental data type. This make the _t available only if stdint.h exists. int on the other hand is guaranteed to exist.

Named placeholders in string formatting

I tried in just a quick way

public static void main(String[] args) 
{
    String rowString = "replace the value ${var1} with ${var2}";
    
    Map<String,String> mappedValues = new HashMap<>();
    
    mappedValues.put("var1", "Value 1");
    mappedValues.put("var2", "Value 2");
    
    System.out.println(replaceOccurence(rowString, mappedValues));
}

private static  String replaceOccurence(String baseStr ,Map<String,String> mappedValues)
{
    for(String key :mappedValues.keySet())
    {
        baseStr = baseStr.replace("${"+key+"}", mappedValues.get(key));
    }
    
    return baseStr;
}

How do I get time of a Python program's execution?

This is the simplest way to get the elapsed time for the program:

Write the following code at the end of your program.

import time
print(time.clock())

best way to preserve numpy arrays on disk

I'm a big fan of hdf5 for storing large numpy arrays. There are two options for dealing with hdf5 in python:

http://www.pytables.org/

http://www.h5py.org/

Both are designed to work with numpy arrays efficiently.

How to parse a JSON object to a TypeScript Object

First of all you need to be sure that all attributes of that comes from the service are named the same in your class. Then you can parse the object and after that assign it to your new variable, something like this:

const parsedJSON = JSON.parse(serverResponse);
const employeeObj: Employee = parsedJSON as Employee;

Try that!

Call a Vue.js component method from outside the component

Using Vue 3:

const app = createApp({})

// register an options object
app.component('my-component', {
  /* ... */
})

....

// retrieve a registered component
const MyComponent = app.component('my-component')

MyComponent.methods.greet();

https://v3.vuejs.org/api/application-api.html#component

ASP.NET MVC controller actions that return JSON or partial html

Flexible approach to produce different outputs based on the request

public class AuctionsController : Controller
{
  public ActionResult Auction(long id)
  {
    var db = new DataContext();
    var auction = db.Auctions.Find(id);

    // Respond to AJAX requests
    if (Request.IsAjaxRequest())
      return PartialView("Auction", auction);

    // Respond to JSON requests
    if (Request.IsJsonRequest())
      return Json(auction);

    // Default to a "normal" view with layout
    return View("Auction", auction);
  }
}

The Request.IsAjaxRequest() method is quite simple: it merely checks the HTTP headers for the incoming request to see if the value of the X-Requested-With header is XMLHttpRequest, which is automatically appended by most browsers and AJAX frameworks.

Custom extension method to check whether the request is for json or not so that we can call it from anywhere, just like the Request.IsAjaxRequest() extension method:

using System;
using System.Web;

public static class JsonRequestExtensions
{
  public static bool IsJsonRequest(this HttpRequestBase request)
  {
    return string.Equals(request["format"], "json");
  }
}

Source : https://www.safaribooksonline.com/library/view/programming-aspnet-mvc/9781449321932/ch06.html#_javascript_rendering

C++ Singleton design pattern

Being a Singleton, you usually do not want it to be destructed.

It will get torn down and deallocated when the program terminates, which is the normal, desired behavior for a singleton. If you want to be able to explicitly clean it, it's fairly easy to add a static method to the class that allows you to restore it to a clean state, and have it reallocate next time it's used, but that's outside of the scope of a "classic" singleton.

Matching an optional substring in a regex

You can do this:

([0-9]+) (\([^)]+\))? Z

This will not work with nested parens for Y, however. Nesting requires recursion which isn't strictly regular any more (but context-free). Modern regexp engines can still handle it, albeit with some difficulties (back-references).

How to convert this var string to URL in Swift

In swift 3 use:

let url = URL(string: "Whatever url you have(eg: https://google.com)")

RabbitMQ / AMQP: single queue, multiple consumers for same message?

There is one interesting option in this scenario I haven`t found in answers here.

You can Nack messages with "requeue" feature in one consumer to process them in another. Generally speaking it is not a right way, but maybe it will be good enough for someone.

https://www.rabbitmq.com/nack.html

And beware of loops (when all concumers nack+requeue message)!

Javascript: Easier way to format numbers?

There's the NUMBERFORMATTER jQuery plugin, details below:

https://code.google.com/p/jquery-numberformatter/

From the above link:

This plugin is a NumberFormatter plugin. Number formatting is likely familiar to anyone who's worked with server-side code like Java or PHP and who has worked with internationalization.

EDIT: Replaced the link with a more direct one.

Unresolved external symbol on static class members

Static data members declarations in the class declaration are not definition of them. To define them you should do this in the .CPP file to avoid duplicated symbols.

The only data you can declare and define is integral static constants. (Values of enums can be used as constant values as well)

You might want to rewrite your code as:

class test {
public:
  const static unsigned char X = 1;
  const static unsigned char Y = 2;
  ...
  test();
};

test::test() {
}

If you want to have ability to modify you static variables (in other words when it is inappropriate to declare them as const), you can separate you code between .H and .CPP in the following way:

.H :

class test {
public:

  static unsigned char X;
  static unsigned char Y;

  ...

  test();
};

.CPP :

unsigned char test::X = 1;
unsigned char test::Y = 2;

test::test()
{
  // constructor is empty.
  // We don't initialize static data member here, 
  // because static data initialization will happen on every constructor call.
}

How do I parse JSON with Objective-C?

With the perspective of the OS X v10.7 and iOS 5 launches, probably the first thing to recommend now is NSJSONSerialization, Apple's supplied JSON parser. Use third-party options only as a fallback if you find that class unavailable at runtime.

So, for example:

NSData *returnedData = ...JSON data, probably from a web request...

// probably check here that returnedData isn't nil; attempting
// NSJSONSerialization with nil data raises an exception, and who
// knows how your third-party library intends to react?

if(NSClassFromString(@"NSJSONSerialization"))
{
    NSError *error = nil;
    id object = [NSJSONSerialization
                      JSONObjectWithData:returnedData
                      options:0
                      error:&error];

    if(error) { /* JSON was malformed, act appropriately here */ }

    // the originating poster wants to deal with dictionaries;
    // assuming you do too then something like this is the first
    // validation step:
    if([object isKindOfClass:[NSDictionary class]])
    {
        NSDictionary *results = object;
        /* proceed with results as you like; the assignment to
        an explicit NSDictionary * is artificial step to get 
        compile-time checking from here on down (and better autocompletion
        when editing). You could have just made object an NSDictionary *
        in the first place but stylistically you might prefer to keep
        the question of type open until it's confirmed */
    }
    else
    {
        /* there's no guarantee that the outermost object in a JSON
        packet will be a dictionary; if we get here then it wasn't,
        so 'object' shouldn't be treated as an NSDictionary; probably
        you need to report a suitable error condition */
    }
}
else
{
    // the user is using iOS 4; we'll need to use a third-party solution.
    // If you don't intend to support iOS 4 then get rid of this entire
    // conditional and just jump straight to
    // NSError *error = nil;
    // [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:...
}

vagrant primary box defined but commands still run against all boxes

The primary flag seems to only work for vagrant ssh for me.

In the past I have used the following method to hack around the issue.

# stage box intended for configuration closely matching production if ARGV[1] == 'stage'     config.vm.define "stage" do |stage|         box_setup stage, \         "10.9.8.31", "deploy/playbook_full_stack.yml", "deploy/hosts/vagrant_stage.yml"     end end 

How to concatenate two numbers in javascript?

Another possibility could be this:

var concat = String(5) + String(6);

apache not accepting incoming connections from outside of localhost

this is what worked for us to get the apache accessible from outside:

sudo iptables -I INPUT 4 -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
sudo service iptables restart

Chaining multiple filter() in Django, is this a bug?

From Django docs :

To handle both of these situations, Django has a consistent way of processing filter() calls. Everything inside a single filter() call is applied simultaneously to filter out items matching all those requirements. Successive filter() calls further restrict the set of objects, but for multi-valued relations, they apply to any object linked to the primary model, not necessarily those objects that were selected by an earlier filter() call.

  • It is clearly said that multiple conditions in a single filter() are applied simultaneously. That means that doing :
objs = Mymodel.objects.filter(a=True, b=False)

will return a queryset with raws from model Mymodel where a=True AND b=False.

  • Successive filter(), in some case, will provide the same result. Doing :
objs = Mymodel.objects.filter(a=True).filter(b=False)

will return a queryset with raws from model Mymodel where a=True AND b=False too. Since you obtain "first" a queryset with records which have a=True and then it's restricted to those who have b=False at the same time.

  • The difference in chaining filter() comes when there are multi-valued relations, which means you are going through other models (such as the example given in the docs, between Blog and Entry models). It is said that in that case (...) they apply to any object linked to the primary model, not necessarily those objects that were selected by an earlier filter() call.

Which means that it applies the successives filter() on the target model directly, not on previous filter()

If I take the example from the docs :

Blog.objects.filter(entry__headline__contains='Lennon').filter(entry__pub_date__year=2008)

remember that it's the model Blog that is filtered, not the Entry. So it will treat the 2 filter() independently.

It will, for instance, return a queryset with Blogs, that have entries that contain 'Lennon' (even if they are not from 2008) and entries that are from 2008 (even if their headline does not contain 'Lennon')

THIS ANSWER goes even further in the explanation. And the original question is similar.

Can jQuery check whether input content has changed?

Yes, compare it to the value it was before it changed.

var previousValue = $("#elm").val();
$("#elm").keyup(function(e) {
    var currentValue = $(this).val();
    if(currentValue != previousValue) {
         previousValue = currentValue;
         alert("Value changed!");
    }
});

Another option is to only trigger your changed function on certain keys. Use e.KeyCode to figure out what key was pressed.

How to use classes from .jar files?

Not every jar file is executable.

Now, you need to import the classes, which are there under the jar, in your java file. For example,

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

If you are working on an IDE, then you should refer its documentation. Or at least specify which one you are using here in this thread. It would definitely enable us to help you further.

And if you are not using any IDE, then please look at javac -cp option. However, it's much better idea to package your program in a jar file, and include all the required jars within that. Then, in order to execute your jar, like,

java -jar my_program.jar

you should have a META-INF/MANIFEST.MF file in your jar. See here, for how-to.

Getting the object's property name

Use Object.keys():

_x000D_
_x000D_
var myObject = { a: 'c', b: 'a', c: 'b' };_x000D_
var keyNames = Object.keys(myObject);_x000D_
console.log(keyNames); // Outputs ["a","b","c"]
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

Object.keys() gives you an array of property names belonging to the input object.

What is the difference between --save and --save-dev?

You generally don't want to bloat production package with things that you only intend to use for Development purposes.

Use --save-dev (or -D) option to separate packages such as Unit Test frameworks (jest, jasmine, mocha, chai, etc.)

Any other packages that your app needs for Production, should be installed using --save (or -S).

npm install --save lodash       //prod dependency
npm install -S moment           // "       "
npm install -S opentracing      // "       "

npm install -D jest                 //dev only dependency
npm install --save-dev typescript   //dev only dependency

If you open the package.json file then you will see these entries listed under two different sections:

"dependencies": {
  "lodash": "4.x",
  "moment": "2.x",
  "opentracing": "^0.14.1"
},

"devDependencies": {
    "jest": "22.x",
    "typescript": "^2.8.3"
},

.gitignore is ignored by Git

All the answers here are actually workarounds. You need to create the .gitignore file before you run git init. Otherwise git will never know you need to ignore those files, because they have been tracked already.

echo .idea/ >> .gitignore
git init

If you develop on a daily basis, I advise you to add your habitual ignored files to your ~/.gitignore_global file. That way, git will already know which files you (meaning "your user", since it's a file in your home directory) usually ignore.

What are the main performance differences between varchar and nvarchar SQL Server data types?

Always use nvarchar.

You may never need the double-byte characters for most applications. However, if you need to support double-byte languages and you only have single-byte support in your database schema it's really expensive to go back and modify throughout your application.

The cost of migrating one application from varchar to nvarchar will be much more than the little bit of extra disk space you'll use in most applications.

What is the meaning of curly braces?

A dictionary is something like an array that's accessed by keys (e.g. strings,...) rather than just plain sequential numbers. It contains key/value pairs, you can look up values using a key like using a phone book: key=name, number=value.

For defining such a dictionary, you use this syntax using curly braces, see also: http://wiki.python.org/moin/SimplePrograms

How to check if a table is locked in sql server

Better yet, consider sp_getapplock which is designed for this. Or use SET LOCK_TIMEOUT

Otherwise, you'd have to do something with sys.dm_tran_locks which I'd use only for DBA stuff: not for user defined concurrency.

What's the difference between @JoinColumn and mappedBy when using a JPA @OneToMany association

The annotation @JoinColumn indicates that this entity is the owner of the relationship (that is: the corresponding table has a column with a foreign key to the referenced table), whereas the attribute mappedBy indicates that the entity in this side is the inverse of the relationship, and the owner resides in the "other" entity. This also means that you can access the other table from the class which you've annotated with "mappedBy" (fully bidirectional relationship).

In particular, for the code in the question the correct annotations would look like this:

@Entity
public class Company {
    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "company",
               orphanRemoval = true,
               fetch = FetchType.LAZY,
               cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    private List<Branch> branches;
}

@Entity
public class Branch {
    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinColumn(name = "companyId")
    private Company company;
}

How to measure time elapsed on Javascript?

The Date documentation states that :

The JavaScript date is based on a time value that is milliseconds since midnight January 1, 1970, UTC

Click on start button then on end button. It will show you the number of seconds between the 2 clicks.

The milliseconds diff is in variable timeDiff. Play with it to find seconds/minutes/hours/ or what you need

_x000D_
_x000D_
var startTime, endTime;_x000D_
_x000D_
function start() {_x000D_
  startTime = new Date();_x000D_
};_x000D_
_x000D_
function end() {_x000D_
  endTime = new Date();_x000D_
  var timeDiff = endTime - startTime; //in ms_x000D_
  // strip the ms_x000D_
  timeDiff /= 1000;_x000D_
_x000D_
  // get seconds _x000D_
  var seconds = Math.round(timeDiff);_x000D_
  console.log(seconds + " seconds");_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<button onclick="start()">Start</button>_x000D_
_x000D_
<button onclick="end()">End</button>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

OR another way of doing it for modern browser

Using performance.now() which returns a value representing the time elapsed since the time origin. This value is a double with microseconds in the fractional.

The time origin is a standard time which is considered to be the beginning of the current document's lifetime.

_x000D_
_x000D_
var startTime, endTime;_x000D_
_x000D_
function start() {_x000D_
  startTime = performance.now();_x000D_
};_x000D_
_x000D_
function end() {_x000D_
  endTime = performance.now();_x000D_
  var timeDiff = endTime - startTime; //in ms _x000D_
  // strip the ms _x000D_
  timeDiff /= 1000; _x000D_
  _x000D_
  // get seconds _x000D_
  var seconds = Math.round(timeDiff);_x000D_
  console.log(seconds + " seconds");_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<button onclick="start()">Start</button>_x000D_
<button onclick="end()">End</button>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

What REST PUT/POST/DELETE calls should return by a convention?

Forgive the flippancy, but if you are doing REST over HTTP then RFC7231 describes exactly what behaviour is expected from GET, PUT, POST and DELETE.

Update (Jul 3 '14):
The HTTP spec intentionally does not define what is returned from POST or DELETE. The spec only defines what needs to be defined. The rest is left up to the implementer to choose.

Installing cmake with home-brew

  1. Download the latest CMake Mac binary distribution here: https://cmake.org/download/ (current latest is: https://cmake.org/files/v3.17/cmake-3.17.1-Darwin-x86_64.dmg)

  2. Double click the downloaded .dmg file to install it. In the window that pops up, drag the CMake icon into the Application folder.

  3. Add this line to your .bashrc file: PATH="/Applications/CMake.app/Contents/bin":"$PATH"

  4. Reload your .bashrc file: source ~/.bashrc

  5. Verify the latest cmake version is installed: cmake --version

  6. You can launch the CMake GUI by clicking on LaunchPad and typing cmake. Click on the CMake icon that appears.

How to implement a Map with multiple keys?

Sounds like your solution is quite plausible for this need, I honestly don't see a problem with it if your two key types are really distinct. Just makes ure you write your own implementation for this and deal with synchronization issues if needed.

Dealing with multiple Python versions and PIP?

I ran into this issue myself recently and found that I wasn't getting the right pip for Python 3, on my Linux system that also has Python 2.

First you must ensure that you have installed pip for your python version:

For Python 2:

sudo apt-get install python-pip

For Python 3:

sudo apt-get install python3-pip

Then to install packages for one version of Python or the other, simply use the following for Python 2:

pip install <package>

or for Python 3:

pip3 install <package>

How to find my php-fpm.sock?

Check the config file, the config path is /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf, there you'll find the path by config and if you want you can change it.

EDIT:
well you're correct, you need to replace listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 to listen = /var/run/php5-fpm/php5-fpm.sock, then you need to run sudo service php5-fpm restart, and make sure it says that it restarted correctly, if not then make sure that /var/run/ has a folder called php5-fpm, or make it listen to /var/run/php5-fpm.sock cause i don't think the folder inside /var/run is created automatically, i remember i had to edit the start up script to create that folder, otherwise even if you mkdir /var/run/php5-fpm after restart that folder will disappear and the service starting will fail.

Node.js connect only works on localhost

Binding to 0.0.0.0 is half the battle. There is an ip firewall (different from the one in system preferences) that blocks TCP ports. Hence port must be unblocked there as well by doing:

sudo ipfw add <PORT NUMBER> allow tcp from any to any

c++ exception : throwing std::string

A few principles:

  1. you have a std::exception base class, you should have your exceptions derive from it. That way general exception handler still have some information.

  2. Don't throw pointers but object, that way memory is handled for you.

Example:

struct MyException : public std::exception
{
   std::string s;
   MyException(std::string ss) : s(ss) {}
   ~MyException() throw () {} // Updated
   const char* what() const throw() { return s.c_str(); }
};

And then use it in your code:

void Foo::Bar(){
  if(!QueryPerformanceTimer(&m_baz)){
    throw MyException("it's the end of the world!");
  }
}

void Foo::Caller(){
  try{
    this->Bar();// should throw
  }catch(MyException& caught){
    std::cout<<"Got "<<caught.what()<<std::endl;
  }
}

The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process (File is created but contains nothing)

File.AppendAllText does not know about the stream you have opened, so will internally try to open the file again. Because your stream is blocking access to the file, File.AppendAllText will fail, throwing the exception you see.

I suggest you used str.Write or str.WriteLine instead, as you already do elsewhere in your code.

Your file is created but contains nothing because the exception is thrown before str.Flush() and str.Close() are called.

Better/Faster to Loop through set or list?

set is what you want, so you should use set. Trying to be clever introduces subtle bugs like forgetting to add one tomax(mylist)! Code defensively. Worry about what's faster when you determine that it is too slow.

range(min(mylist), max(mylist) + 1)  # <-- don't forget to add 1

How can I strip first and last double quotes?

Starting in Python 3.9, you can use removeprefix and removesuffix:

'"" " " ""\\1" " "" ""'.removeprefix('"').removesuffix('"')
# '" " " ""\\1" " "" "'

How do I find files that do not contain a given string pattern?

find *20161109* -mtime -2|grep -vwE "(TRIGGER)"

You can specify the filter under "find" and the exclusion string under "grep -vwE". Use mtime under find if you need to filter on modified time too.

Difference between int and double

Short answer:

int uses up 4 bytes of memory (and it CANNOT contain a decimal), double uses 8 bytes of memory. Just different tools for different purposes.

JUnit assertEquals(double expected, double actual, double epsilon)

Epsilon is your "fuzz factor," since doubles may not be exactly equal. Epsilon lets you describe how close they have to be.

If you were expecting 3.14159 but would take anywhere from 3.14059 to 3.14259 (that is, within 0.001), then you should write something like

double myPi = 22.0d / 7.0d; //Don't use this in real life!
assertEquals(3.14159, myPi, 0.001);

(By the way, 22/7 comes out to 3.1428+, and would fail the assertion. This is a good thing.)

Javascript onload not working

You are missing the ()

<body onload="imageRefreshBig();">

How to check whether a Storage item is set?

easist way is

if(localStorage.test){
console.log("now defined");
}
else{
console.log("undefined");
localStorage.test="defined;"
}

How it works

when you call localStorage.test first time it does not contain any store into localStorage object so it returns undefined else condition triggers. after else triggered i set new variable and again check it contains data so it return data with true in if condition

How to scroll UITableView to specific position

[tableview scrollRectToVisible:CGRectMake(0, 0, 1, 1) animated:NO];

This will take your tableview to the first row.

How do you sign a Certificate Signing Request with your Certification Authority?

In addition to answer of @jww, I would like to say that the configuration in openssl-ca.cnf,

default_days     = 1000         # How long to certify for

defines the default number of days the certificate signed by this root-ca will be valid. To set the validity of root-ca itself you should use '-days n' option in:

openssl req -x509 -days 3000 -config openssl-ca.cnf -newkey rsa:4096 -sha256 -nodes -out cacert.pem -outform PEM

Failing to do so, your root-ca will be valid for only the default one month and any certificate signed by this root CA will also have validity of one month.

Is there any difference between GROUP BY and DISTINCT

If you use DISTINCT with multiple columns, the result set won't be grouped as it will with GROUP BY, and you can't use aggregate functions with DISTINCT.

Connection Java-MySql : Public Key Retrieval is not allowed

The above error in my case was actually due to the wrong username and password. Solving the issue: 1. Go to the line DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/?useSSL=false", "username", "password"); The fields username and password might be wrong. Enter the username and password which you use to start your mysql client. The username is generally root and password is the string which you enter when a screen similar to this appears Startup screen of mysql

Note: The portname 3306 might be different in your case.

Catching "Maximum request length exceeded"

One way to do this is to set the maximum size in web.config as has already been stated above e.g.

<system.web>         
    <httpRuntime maxRequestLength="102400" />     
</system.web>

then when you handle the upload event, check the size and if its over a specific amount, you can trap it e.g.

protected void btnUploadImage_OnClick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (fil.FileBytes.Length > 51200)
    {
         TextBoxMsg.Text = "file size must be less than 50KB";
    }
}

How to get the class of the clicked element?

Here's a quick jQuery example that adds a click event to each "li" tag, and then retrieves the class attribute for the clicked element. Hope it helps.

$("li").click(function() {
   var myClass = $(this).attr("class");
   alert(myClass);
});

Equally, you don't have to wrap the object in jQuery:

$("li").click(function() {
   var myClass = this.className;
   alert(myClass);
});

And in newer browsers you can get the full list of class names:

$("li").click(function() {
   var myClasses = this.classList;
   alert(myClasses.length + " " + myClasses[0]);
});

You can emulate classList in older browsers using myClass.split(/\s+/);

How do you stash an untracked file?

let's suppose the new and untracked file is called: "views.json". if you want to change branch by stashing the state of your app, I generally type:

git add views.json

Then:

git stash

And it would be stashed. Then I can just change branch with

git checkout other-nice-branch

increment date by one month

If you want to get the date of one month from now you can do it like this

echo date('Y-m-d', strtotime('1 month'));

If you want to get the date of two months from now, you can achieve that by doing this

echo date('Y-m-d', strtotime('2 month'));

And so on, that's all.

Sleeping in a batch file

Or command line Python, for example, for 6 and a half seconds:

python -c "import time;time.sleep(6.5)"

Flexbox: 4 items per row

I would do it like this using negative margins and calc for the gutters:

.parent {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-top: -10px;
  margin-left: -10px;
}

.child {
  width: calc(25% - 10px);
  margin-left: 10px;
  margin-top: 10px;
}

Demo: https://jsfiddle.net/9j2rvom4/


Alternative CSS Grid Method:

.parent {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  grid-column-gap: 10px;
  grid-row-gap: 10px;
}

Demo: https://jsfiddle.net/jc2utfs3/

Safe navigation operator (?.) or (!.) and null property paths

! is non-null assertion operator (post-fix expression) - it just saying to type checker that you're sure that a is not null or undefined.

the operation a! produces a value of the type of a with null and undefined excluded


Optional chaining finally made it to typescript (3.7)

The optional chaining operator ?. permits reading the value of a property located deep within a chain of connected objects without having to expressly validate that each reference in the chain is valid. The ?. operator functions similarly to the . chaining operator, except that instead of causing an error if a reference is nullish (null or undefined), the expression short-circuits with a return value of undefined. When used with function calls, it returns undefined if the given function does not exist.

Syntax:

obj?.prop // Accessing object's property
obj?.[expr] // Optional chaining with expressions
arr?.[index] // Array item access with optional chaining
func?.(args) // Optional chaining with function calls

Pay attention:

Optional chaining is not valid on the left-hand side of an assignment

const object = {};
object?.property = 1; // Uncaught SyntaxError: Invalid left-hand side in assignment

Can you "compile" PHP code and upload a binary-ish file, which will just be run by the byte code interpreter?

In php 7 there is the php ini option opcache.file_cache that saves the bytecode in a specific folder. In could be useful to in php cli script that are "compiled" and saved in a specific folder for a optimized reuse.

Opcache it is not compiling but is something similar.

Right to Left support for Twitter Bootstrap 3

  1. I highly recommend bootstrap-rtl. It is built over Bootstrap core, and rtl support is added as it is a bootstrap theme. This would make your code more maintainable as you can always update your core bootstrap files. CDN

  2. Another option to use this stand-alone library, It also comes with few awesome Arabic fonts.

Integer.toString(int i) vs String.valueOf(int i)

To answer the OPs question, it's simply a helper wrapper to have the other call, and comes down to style choice and that is it. I think there's a lot of misinformation here and the best thing a Java developer can do is look at the implementation for each method, it's one or two clicks away in any IDE. You will clearly see that String.valueOf(int) is simply calling Integer.toString(int) for you.

Therefore, there is absolutely zero difference, in that they both create a char buffer, walk through the digits in the number, then copy that into a new String and return it (therefore each are creating one String object). Only difference is one extra call, which the compiler eliminates to a single call anyway.

So it matters not which you call, other than maybe code-consistency. As to the comments about nulls, it takes a primitive, therefore it can not be null! You will get a compile-time error if you don't initialize the int being passed. So there is no difference in how it handles nulls as they're non-existent in this case.

Apache: Restrict access to specific source IP inside virtual host

In Apache 2.4, the authorization configuration syntax has changed, and the Order, Deny or Allow directives should no longer be used.

The new way to do this would be:

<VirtualHost *:8080>
    <Location />
        Require ip 192.168.1.0
    </Location>
    ...
</VirtualHost>

Further examples using the new syntax can be found in the Apache documentation: Upgrading to 2.4 from 2.2

JQuery $.ajax() post - data in a java servlet

You don't want a string, you really want a JS map of key value pairs. E.g., change:

 data: myDataVar.toString(),

with:

var myKeyVals = { A1984 : 1, A9873 : 5, A1674 : 2, A8724 : 1, A3574 : 3, A1165 : 5 }



var saveData = $.ajax({
      type: 'POST',
      url: "someaction.do?action=saveData",
      data: myKeyVals,
      dataType: "text",
      success: function(resultData) { alert("Save Complete") }
});
saveData.error(function() { alert("Something went wrong"); });

jQuery understands key value pairs like that, it does NOT understand a big string. It passes it simply as a string.

UPDATE: Code fixed.

CMake not able to find OpenSSL library

Please install openssl from below link:
https://code.google.com/p/openssl-for-windows/downloads/list
then set the variables below:

OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR=D:/softwares/visualStudio/openssl-0.9.8k_WIN32
OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR=D:/softwares/visualStudio/openssl-0.9.8k_WIN32/include
OPENSSL_LIBRARIES=D:/softwares/visualStudio/openssl-0.9.8k_WIN32/lib

Check if cookies are enabled

it is easy to detect whether the cookies is enabled:

  1. set a cookie.
  2. get the cookie

if you can get the cookie you set, the cookie is enabled, otherwise not.

BTW: it is a bad idea to Embedding the session id in the links and forms, it is bad for SEO. In my opinion, it is not very common that people dont want to enable cookies.

Set textbox to readonly and background color to grey in jquery

Can add disable like below and can get data on submit. something like this .. DEMO

Html

<input type="hidden" name="email" value="email" />
<input type="text" id="dis" class="disable" value="email"   name="email" >

JS

 $("#dis").attr('disabled','disabled');

CSS

    .disable { opacity : .35; background-color:lightgray; border:1px solid gray;}

How do I update a Linq to SQL dbml file?

To update a table in your .dbml-diagram with, for example, added columns, do this:

  1. Update your SQL Server Explorer window.
  2. Drag the "new" version of your table into the .dbml-diagram (report1 in the picture below).

report1 is the new version of the table

  1. Mark the added columns in the new version of the table, press Ctrl+C to copy the added columns.

copy the added columns

  1. Click the "old" version of your table and press Ctrl+V to paste the added columns into the already present version of the table.

paste the added columns to the old version of the table

Command to find information about CPUs on a UNIX machine

Try psrinfo to find the processor type and the number of physical processors installed on the system.

Invalid argument supplied for foreach()

Try this:

//Force array
$dataArr = is_array($dataArr) ? $dataArr : array($dataArr);
foreach ($dataArr as $val) {
  echo $val;
}

;)

How to create a circular ImageView in Android?

I too needed a rounded ImageView, I used the below code, you can modify it accordingly:

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Bitmap.Config;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.PorterDuff.Mode;
import android.graphics.PorterDuffXfermode;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class RoundedImageView extends ImageView {

    public RoundedImageView(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public RoundedImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public RoundedImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {

        Drawable drawable = getDrawable();

        if (drawable == null) {
            return;
        }

        if (getWidth() == 0 || getHeight() == 0) {
            return;
        }
        Bitmap b = ((BitmapDrawable) drawable).getBitmap();
        Bitmap bitmap = b.copy(Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888, true);

        int w = getWidth();
        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
        int h = getHeight();

        Bitmap roundBitmap = getCroppedBitmap(bitmap, w);
        canvas.drawBitmap(roundBitmap, 0, 0, null);

    }

    public static Bitmap getCroppedBitmap(Bitmap bmp, int radius) {
        Bitmap sbmp;

        if (bmp.getWidth() != radius || bmp.getHeight() != radius) {
            float smallest = Math.min(bmp.getWidth(), bmp.getHeight());
            float factor = smallest / radius;
            sbmp = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bmp,
                    (int) (bmp.getWidth() / factor),
                    (int) (bmp.getHeight() / factor), false);
        } else {
            sbmp = bmp;
        }

        Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(radius, radius, Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(output);

        final String color = "#BAB399";
        final Paint paint = new Paint();
        final Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, radius, radius);

        paint.setAntiAlias(true);
        paint.setFilterBitmap(true);
        paint.setDither(true);
        canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0);
        paint.setColor(Color.parseColor(color));
        canvas.drawCircle(radius / 2 + 0.7f, radius / 2 + 0.7f,
                radius / 2 + 0.1f, paint);
        paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.SRC_IN));
        canvas.drawBitmap(sbmp, rect, rect, paint);

        return output;
    }

}

Can't execute jar- file: "no main manifest attribute"

Any executable jar file Should run either by clicking or running using command prompt like java -jar app.jar (use "if path of jar contains space" - i.e. java -jar "C:\folder name\app.jar"). If your executable jar is not running, which means it is not created properly.

For better understanding, extract the jar file (or view using any tool, for windows 7-Zip is nice one) and check the file under /META-INF/MANIFEST.MF. If you find any entry like

Main-Class: your.package.name.ClaaswithMain - then it's fine, otherwise you have to provide it.

Be aware of appending Main-Class entry on MANIFEST.MF file, check where you are saving it!

Why does .json() return a promise?

Why does response.json return a promise?

Because you receive the response as soon as all headers have arrived. Calling .json() gets you another promise for the body of the http response that is yet to be loaded. See also Why is the response object from JavaScript fetch API a promise?.

Why do I get the value if I return the promise from the then handler?

Because that's how promises work. The ability to return promises from the callback and get them adopted is their most relevant feature, it makes them chainable without nesting.

You can use

fetch(url).then(response => 
    response.json().then(data => ({
        data: data,
        status: response.status
    })
).then(res => {
    console.log(res.status, res.data.title)
}));

or any other of the approaches to access previous promise results in a .then() chain to get the response status after having awaited the json body.

Create a custom View by inflating a layout?

A bit old, but I thought sharing how I'd do it, based on chubbsondubs' answer: I use FrameLayout (see Documentation), since it is used to contain a single view, and inflate into it the view from the xml.

Code following:

public class MyView extends FrameLayout {
    public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        initView();
    }

    public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initView();
    }

    public MyView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initView();
    }

    private void initView() {
        inflate(getContext(), R.layout.my_view_layout, this);
    }
}

Simple way to transpose columns and rows in SQL?

I like to share the code i'm using to transpose a splited text based on +bluefeet answer. In this aproach i'm implemented as a procedure in MS SQL 2005

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author:      ELD.
-- Create date: May, 5 2016.
-- Description: Transpose from rows to columns the user split function.
-- =============================================
CREATE PROCEDURE TransposeSplit @InputToSplit VARCHAR(8000)
    ,@Delimeter VARCHAR(8000) = ','
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;

    DECLARE @colsUnpivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
        ,@query AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
        ,@queryPivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
        ,@colsPivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
        ,@columnToPivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
        ,@tableToPivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
        ,@colsResult AS XML

    SELECT @tableToPivot = '#tempSplitedTable'

    SELECT @columnToPivot = 'col_number'

    CREATE TABLE #tempSplitedTable (
        col_number INT
        ,col_value VARCHAR(8000)
        )

    INSERT INTO #tempSplitedTable (
        col_number
        ,col_value
        )
    SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
            ORDER BY (
                    SELECT 100
                    )
            ) AS RowNumber
        ,item
    FROM [DB].[ESCHEME].[fnSplit](@InputToSplit, @Delimeter)

    SELECT @colsUnpivot = STUFF((
                SELECT ',' + quotename(C.NAME)
                FROM [tempdb].sys.columns AS C
                WHERE C.object_id = object_id('tempdb..' + @tableToPivot)
                    AND C.NAME <> @columnToPivot
                FOR XML path('')
                ), 1, 1, '')

    SET @queryPivot = 'SELECT @colsResult = (SELECT  '','' 
                    + quotename(' + @columnToPivot + ')
                  from ' + @tableToPivot + ' t
                  where ' + @columnToPivot + ' <> ''''
          FOR XML PATH(''''), TYPE)'

    EXEC sp_executesql @queryPivot
        ,N'@colsResult xml out'
        ,@colsResult OUT

    SELECT @colsPivot = STUFF(@colsResult.value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)'), 1, 1, '')

    SET @query = 'select name, rowid, ' + @colsPivot + '
        from
        (
          select ' + @columnToPivot + ' , name, value, ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by ' + @columnToPivot + ' order by ' + @columnToPivot + ') as rowid
          from ' + @tableToPivot + '
          unpivot
          (
            value for name in (' + @colsUnpivot + ')
          ) unpiv
        ) src
        pivot
        (
          MAX(value)
          for ' + @columnToPivot + ' in (' + @colsPivot + ')
        ) piv
        order by rowid'

    EXEC (@query)

    DROP TABLE #tempSplitedTable
END
GO

I'm mixing this solution with the information about howto order rows without order by (SQLAuthority.com) and the split function on MSDN (social.msdn.microsoft.com)

When you execute the prodecure

DECLARE @RC int
DECLARE @InputToSplit varchar(MAX)
DECLARE @Delimeter varchar(1)

set @InputToSplit = 'hello|beautiful|world'
set @Delimeter = '|'

EXECUTE @RC = [TransposeSplit] 
   @InputToSplit
  ,@Delimeter
GO

you obtaint the next result

  name       rowid  1      2          3
  col_value  1      hello  beautiful  world

What is a Subclass

It is a class that extends another class.

example taken from https://www.java-tips.org/java-se-tips-100019/24-java-lang/784-what-is-a-java-subclass.html, Cat is a sub class of Animal :-)

public class Animal {

    public static void hide() {
        System.out.println("The hide method in Animal.");
    }

    public void override() {
        System.out.println("The override method in Animal.");
    }
}

public class Cat extends Animal {

    public static void hide() {
        System.out.println("The hide method in Cat.");
    }

    public void override() {
        System.out.println("The override method in Cat.");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Cat myCat = new Cat();
        Animal myAnimal = (Animal)myCat;
        myAnimal.hide();
        myAnimal.override();
    }
}

java.util.Date format SSSSSS: if not microseconds what are the last 3 digits?

I used yet another trick to format date with 6-digit precision (microseconds):

System.out.println(
    new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.").format(microseconds/1000)
    +String.format("%06d", microseconds%1000000));

This technique can be extended further, to nanoseconds and up.

QString to char* conversion

Maybe

my_qstring.toStdString().c_str();

or safer, as Federico points out:

std::string str = my_qstring.toStdString();
const char* p = str.c_str();

It's far from optimal, but will do the work.

Failure [INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS] when I tried to update my application

You are getting that error because an application with a package name same as your application already exists. If you are sure that you have not installed the same application before, change the package name and try.

Else wise, here is what you can do:

  1. Uninstall the application from the device: Go to Settings -> Manage Applications and choose Uninstall OR
  2. Uninstall the app using adb command line interface: type adb uninstall After you are done with this step, try installing the application again.

Convert Date/Time for given Timezone - java

A quick way is :

String dateText ="Thu, 02 Jul 2015 21:51:46";
long hours = -5; // time difference between places

DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(E, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss, Locale.ENGLISH);     
LocalDateTime date = LocalDateTime.parse(dateText, formatter);        
date = date.with(date.plusHours(hours));

System.out.println("NEW DATE: "+date);

Output

NEW DATE: 2015-07-02T16:51:46

java.lang.Exception: No runnable methods exception in running JUnits

My controller test in big shortcut:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class TaskControllerTest {
   //...
   //tests
   //
}

I just removed "public" and magically it worked.

Try reinstalling `node-sass` on node 0.12?

My issue was that I was on a machine with node version 0.12.2, but that had an old 1.x.x version of npm. Be sure to update your version of npm: sudo npm install -g npm Once that is done, remove any existing node-sass and reinstall it via npm.

Is there a pretty print for PHP?

FirePHP is a firefox plugin that print have a much pretty logging feature.

jQuery.css() - marginLeft vs. margin-left?

jQuery's underlying code passes these strings to the DOM, which allows you to specify the CSS property name or the DOM property name in a very similar way:

element.style.marginLeft = "10px";

is equivalent to:

element.style["margin-left"] = "10px";

Why has jQuery allowed for marginLeft as well as margin-left? It seems pointless and uses more resources to be converted to the CSS margin-left?

jQuery's not really doing anything special. It may alter or proxy some strings that you pass to .css(), but in reality there was no work put in from the jQuery team to allow either string to be passed. There's no extra resources used because the DOM does the work.

error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout

You can force checkout your branch, if you do not want to commit your local changes.

git checkout -f branch_name

Codeigniter's `where` and `or_where`

You can modify just the two lines:

->where('(library.available_until >=', date("Y-m-d H:i:s"), FALSE)
->or_where("library.available_until = '00-00-00 00:00:00')", NULL, FALSE)

EDIT:

Omitting the FALSE parameter would have placed the backticks before the brackets and make them a part of the table name/value, making the query unusable.

The NULL parameter is there just because the function requires the second parameter to be a value, and since we don't have one, we send NULL.

How to configure XAMPP to send mail from localhost?

You can send mail from localhost with sendmail package , sendmail package is inbuild in XAMPP. So if you are using XAMPP then you can easily send mail from localhost.

for example you can configure C:\xampp\php\php.ini and c:\xampp\sendmail\sendmail.ini for gmail to send mail.

in C:\xampp\php\php.ini find extension=php_openssl.dll and remove the semicolon from the beginning of that line to make SSL working for gmail for localhost.

in php.ini file find [mail function] and change

SMTP=smtp.gmail.com
smtp_port=587
sendmail_from = [email protected]
sendmail_path = "\"C:\xampp\sendmail\sendmail.exe\" -t"

Now Open C:\xampp\sendmail\sendmail.ini. Replace all the existing code in sendmail.ini with following code

[sendmail]

smtp_server=smtp.gmail.com
smtp_port=587
error_logfile=error.log
debug_logfile=debug.log
[email protected]
auth_password=my-gmail-password
[email protected]

Now you have done!! create php file with mail function and send mail from localhost.

PS: don't forgot to replace my-gmail-id and my-gmail-password in above code. Also, don't forget to remove duplicate keys if you copied settings from above. For example comment following line if there is another sendmail_path : sendmail_path="C:\xampp\mailtodisk\mailtodisk.exe" in the php.ini file

Also remember to restart the server using the XAMMP control panel so the changes take effect.

For gmail please check https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/6010255 to allow access from less secure apps.

To send email on Linux (with sendmail package) through Gmail from localhost please check PHP+Ubuntu Send email using gmail form localhost.

Maximum value of maxRequestLength?

Maximum is 2097151, If you try set more error occurred.

How to check if IsNumeric

You should use TryParse - Parse throws an exception if the string is not a valid number - e.g. if you want to test for a valid integer:

int v;
if (Int32.TryParse(textMyText.Text.Trim(), out v)) {
  . . .
}

If you want to test for a valid floating-point number:

double v;
if (Double.TryParse(textMyText.Text.Trim(), out v)) {
  . . .
}

Note also that Double.TryParse has an overloaded version with extra parameters specifying various rules and options controlling the parsing process - e.g. localization ('.' or ',') - see http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/3s27fasw.aspx.

How to add data into ManyToMany field?

In case someone else ends up here struggling to customize admin form Many2Many saving behaviour, you can't call self.instance.my_m2m.add(obj) in your ModelForm.save override, as ModelForm.save later populates your m2m from self.cleaned_data['my_m2m'] which overwrites your changes. Instead call:

my_m2ms = list(self.cleaned_data['my_m2ms'])
my_m2ms.extend(my_custom_new_m2ms)
self.cleaned_data['my_m2ms'] = my_m2ms

(It is fine to convert the incoming QuerySet to a list - the ManyToManyField does that anyway.)

Drop default constraint on a column in TSQL

I would suggest:

DECLARE @sqlStatement nvarchar(MAX),
        @tableName nvarchar(50) = 'TripEvent',
        @columnName nvarchar(50) = 'CreatedDate';

SELECT                  @sqlStatement = 'ALTER TABLE ' + @tableName + ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + dc.name + ';'
        FROM            sys.default_constraints AS dc
            LEFT JOIN   sys.columns AS sc
                ON      (dc.parent_column_id = sc.column_id)
        WHERE           dc.parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID(@tableName)
        AND         type_desc = 'DEFAULT_CONSTRAINT'
        AND         sc.name = @columnName
PRINT'   ['+@tableName+']:'+@@SERVERNAME+'.'+DB_NAME()+'@'+CONVERT(VarChar, GETDATE(), 127)+';  '+@sqlStatement;
IF(LEN(@sqlStatement)>0)EXEC sp_executesql @sqlStatement

Eclipse HotKey: how to switch between tabs?

On windows if you have a 5 button mouse, you can use forward and back in lieu of ALT+Left and ALT+Right.

Add default value of datetime field in SQL Server to a timestamp

In that table in SQL Server, specify the default value of that column to be CURRENT_TIMESTAMP. The datatype of that column may be datetime or datetime2.

e.g.

Create Table Student
(
  Name varchar(50),
  DateOfAddmission datetime default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

How to use RecyclerView inside NestedScrollView?

For my case the child of NestedScrollview is ConstraintLayout. It is not working as expected i replaced it to LinearLayout. Maybe it helps someone.

<androidx.core.widget.NestedScrollView 
  android:id="@+id/nestedScrollView" 
  android:layout_width="match_parent" 
  android:layout_height="match_parent">

  <LinearLayout 
    android:layout_width="match_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:descendantFocusability="blocksDescendants">

    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
      android:id="@+id/recyclerView"
      android:layout_width="0dp"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:nestedScrollingEnabled="false" />

  </LinearLayout>
</androidx.core.widget.NestedScrollView>

Getting the exception value in Python

For python2, It's better to use e.message to get the exception message, this will avoid possible UnicodeDecodeError. But yes e.message will be empty for some kind of exceptions like OSError, in which case we can add a exc_info=True to our logging function to not miss the error.
For python3, I think it's safe to use str(e).

M_PI works with math.h but not with cmath in Visual Studio

As suggested by user7860670, right-click on the project, select properties, navigate to C/C++ -> Preprocessor and add _USE_MATH_DEFINES to the Preprocessor Definitions.

That's what worked for me.

Undefined index with $_POST

Your code assumes the existence of something:

$user = $_POST["username"];

PHP is letting you know that there is no "username" in the $_POST array. In this instance, you would be safer checking to see if the value isset() before attempting to access it:

if ( isset( $_POST["username"] ) ) {
    /* ... proceed ... */
}

Alternatively, you could hi-jack the || operator to assign a default:

$user = $_POST["username"] || "visitor" ;

As long as the user's name isn't a falsy value, you can consider this method pretty reliable. A much safer route to default-assignment would be to use the ternary operator:

$user = isset( $_POST["username"] ) ? $_POST["username"] : "visitor" ;

How to check a string against null in java?

Sure it works. You're missing out a vital part of the code. You just need to do like this:

boolean isNull = false;
try {
    stringname.equalsIgnoreCase(null);
} catch (NullPointerException npe) {
    isNull = true;
}

;)

Composer require runs out of memory. PHP Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 1610612736 bytes exhausted

It was recently identified that Composer consumes high CPU + memory on packages that have a lot of historical tags. See composer/composer#7577

A workaround to this problem is using symfony/flex or https://github.com/rubenrua/symfony-clean-tags-composer-plugin

composer global require rubenrua/symfony-clean-tags-composer-plugin

How copy data from Excel to a table using Oracle SQL Developer

For PLSQL version 9.0.0.1601

  1. From the context menu of the Table, choose "Edit Data"
  2. Insert or edit the data
  3. Post change

Simulate low network connectivity for Android

Since iPhones developer option apply on wifi tethering, you can get an iPhone which has iOS 6 and above (and has been set to use for developments with the xcode), set it to emulate the desired network profile, connect your Android device to its hotspot

enter image description here

Is there a better way to refresh WebView?

Yes for some reason WebView.reload() causes a crash if it failed to load before (something to do with the way it handles history). This is the code I use to refresh my webview. I store the current url in self.url

# 1: Pause timeout and page loading

self.timeout.pause()
sleep(1)

# 2: Check for internet connection (Really lazy way)

while self.page().networkAccessManager().networkAccessible() == QNetworkAccessManager.NotAccessible: sleep(2)

# 3:Try again

if self.url == self.page().mainFrame().url():
    self.page().action(QWebPage.Reload)
    self.timeout.resume(60)

else:
    self.page().action(QWebPage.Stop)
    self.page().mainFrame().load(self.url)
    self.timeout.resume(30)

return False

How do I display local image in markdown?

The following works with a relative path to an image into a subfolder next to the document (currently only tested on a Windows System):

![image info](./pictures/image.png)

How to loop through all but the last item of a list?

To compare each item with the next one in an iterator without instantiating a list:

import itertools
it = (x for x in range(10))
data1, data2 = itertools.tee(it)
data2.next()
for a, b in itertools.izip(data1, data2):
  print a, b

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'MyController':

Change from @Controller to @Service to CompteController and add @Service annotation to CompteDAOHib. Let me know if you still face this issue.

Convert and format a Date in JSP

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html dir="ltr" lang="en-US">
 <head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  <title>JSP with the current date</title>
  </head>
 <body>
 <%java.text.DateFormat df = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("dd/MM/yyyy"); %>
<h1>Current Date: <%= df.format(new java.util.Date()) %> </h1>
</body>
</html>

Output: Current Date: 10/03/2010

UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name

I know it seems too late, but it may help others in future.

I face the same error and the problem was that spring boot did not read my services package so add:

@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.example.demo.Services"}) (you have to specify your own path to the services package) and in the class demoApplication (class that have main function) and for service interface must be annotated @Service and the class that implement the service interface must be annotated with @Component, then autowired the service interface.

maven "cannot find symbol" message unhelpful

This is a bug in the Maven compiler plugin, related to JDK7 I think. Works fine with JDK6.

Hiding user input on terminal in Linux script

for a solution that works without bash or certain features from read you can use stty to disable echo

stty_orig=$(stty -g)
stty -echo
read password
stty $stty_orig

How to parse a string to an int in C++?

The good 'old C way still works. I recommend strtol or strtoul. Between the return status and the 'endPtr', you can give good diagnostic output. It also handles multiple bases nicely.

permission denied - php unlink

The file permission is okay (0777) but i think your on the shared server, so to delete your file correctly use; 1. create a correct path to your file

// delete from folder
$filename = 'test.txt';
$ifile = '/newy/made/link/uploads/'. $filename; // this is the actual path to the file you want to delete.
unlink($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] .$ifile); // use server document root
// your file will be removed from the folder

That small code will do the magic and remove any selected file you want from any folder provided the actual file path is collect.