Dealing with multiple Python versions and PIP

Question

Is there any way to make pip play well with multiple versions of Python  For example  I want to use pip to explicitly install things to either my site 2 5 installation or my site 2 6 installation   For example  with easy install  I use easy install-2  5 6    And  yes     I know about virtualenv  and no     it s not a solution to this particular problem

User · Answer

For python 3 and Windows OS  I always use this syntax to install packages on different version  First I always use Git Bash Command Prompt  Here an example installing urllib package  Default Python version  The normal pip command  pip install urllib3  For the other versions py -3 8 -m pip install urllib3   py   gt  for python -3 8   gt  for the version  I m using the 3 8 7 version  but if you re using the 3 7 7 version it will be  quot -3 7 quot  -m   just because or for modify pip install urllib3   the normal pip command

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On Windows  you can execute the pip module using a given Python version through the Python launcher  py exe  if you chose to install it during Python 3 setup   py -3 -m pip install packagename py -2 -m pip install packagename   You can be even more specific and request an exact sub-version of Python   py -3 6 -m pip install packagename   To get a list of all installed Python versions available through the launcher  run   py --list   Alternatively  you can launch the desired Python executable directly   C  path to specific python exe -m pip install packagename

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for Blender    usr bin   python3 7 -m pip install irc

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You can go to for example C  Python2 7 Scripts and then run cmd from that path  After that you can run pip2 7 install yourpackage     That will install package for that version of Python

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It worked for me in windows this way   I changed the name of python files python py and pythonw exe to python3 py pythonw3 py  Then I just ran this command in the prompt  python3 -m pip install package

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I had python 2 6 installed by default  Amazon EC2 AMI   but needed python2 7 plus some external packages for my application  Assuming you already installed python2 7 alongside with default python  2 6 in my case   Here is how to install pip and packages for non-default python2 7  Install pip for your python version   curl -O https   bootstrap pypa io get-pip py python27 get-pip py   Use specific pip version to install packages   pip2 7 install mysql-connector-python --allow-external mysql-connector-python

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So apparently there are multiple versions of easy install and pip  It seems to be a big mess  Anyway  this is what I did to install Django for Python 2 7 on Ubuntu 12 10     sudo easy install-2 7 pip Searching for pip Best match  pip 1 1 Adding pip 1 1 to easy-install pth file Installing pip-2 7 script to  usr local bin  Using  usr lib python2 7 dist-packages Processing dependencies for pip Finished processing dependencies for pip    sudo pip-2 7 install django Downloading unpacking django   Downloading Django-1 5 1 tar gz  8 0Mb   8 0Mb downloaded   Running setup py egg info for package django      warning  no previously-included files matching    pycache    found under directory         warning  no previously-included files matching    py co   found under directory     Installing collected packages  django   Running setup py install for django     changing mode of build scripts-2 7 django-admin py from 644 to 755      warning  no previously-included files matching    pycache    found under directory         warning  no previously-included files matching    py co   found under directory         changing mode of  usr local bin django-admin py to 755 Successfully installed django Cleaning up       python Python 2 7 3  default  Sep 26 2012  21 51 14    GCC 4 7 2  on linux2 Type  help    copyright    credits  or  license  for more information   gt  gt  gt  import django  gt  gt  gt

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This is probably the completely wrong thing to do  I m a python noob   but I just went in and edited the pip file     usr bin env python3  lt -- I changed this line     - - coding  utf-8 - - import re import sys  from pip  internal import main  if   name         main         sys argv 0    re sub r  -script  pyw    exe          sys argv 0       sys exit main

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Here is my take on the problem   Works for Python3   The main features are   Each Python version is compiled from source All versions are installed locally Does not mangle your system s default Python installation in any way Each Python version is isolated with virtualenv  Prerequisites   If you are using some bare-bones thin client with no extra turf installed  you should run this first  in ubuntu 18 04 at least  extra packages added for convenience   sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install software-properties-common sudo apt-add-repository universe sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake  sudo apt-get install -y zlib1g zlib1g-dev libsqlite3-dev   openssl libssl-dev libffi-dev unzip pciutils net-tools   libblas-dev gfortran libblas3   The steps are as follows   If you have several extra python versions installed in some other way  get rid of them  e g   remove  HOME  local lib python3 x  etc   also the globally installed ones    Don t touch your system s default python3 version though   Download source for different python versions under the following directory structure    HOME       python versions    download Python-  tgz packages here and  quot tar xvf quot  them   You ll get directories like this         Python-3 4 8         Python-3 6 5         Python-3 x y               At each  quot Python-3 x y  quot  directory  do the following  do NOT use  quot sudo quot  in any of the steps     mkdir root    configure --prefix  PWD root   make -j 2  make install  virtualenv --no-site-packages -p root bin python3 x env   At  quot python versions  quot  create files like this   env python3x bash       bin bash  echo  quot type deactivate to exit quot   source  HOME python versions Python-3 x y env bin activate   Now  anytime you wish to opt for python3 x  do  source  HOME python versions env python3x bash    to enter the virtualenv  While in the virtualenv  install your favorite python packages with  pip install --upgrade package name   To exit the virtualenv and python version just type  quot deactivate quot    UPDATE It seems that --no-site-packages is deprecated   There s an easy fix for this   Once you have activated the virtualenv  just point the HOME env variable to somewhere else than your actual home directory  i e   export HOME some where else  A nice way to do this in general is   Create virtualenv Activate virtualenv If you want to  quot recycle quot  existing libraries to your virtualenv  softlink them from your existing install  i e  ln -s  HOME  local lib python3 6 site-packages numpy  PWD venv lib python3 6 site-packages  Do export PYTHONPATH   export HOME  some other dir  Now you should have custom-isolated virtualenv  UPDATE 2   SUDO Wan t to force sudo to use your virtualenv  Defaults        secure path  quot  home USENAME Python-3 x y env bin  usr local sbin  usr local bin  usr sbin  usr bin  sbin  bin  snap bin quot  Defaults        env keep     quot VIRTUAL ENV quot  Defaults        env keep     quot PYTHONPATH quot   Now try  quot sudo python3 --version quot  and magic should happen UPDATE 3   DOCKER Enable virtualenv inside your docker  of course  you have built it in your docker image   ENV VIRTUAL ENV  home USER Python-3 x y env ENV PYTHONPATH  ENV PATH  quot  VIRTUAL ENV bin  PATH quot

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For windows specifically   path to python exe -m pip install PackageName works

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If you have both python3 6 and python3 7 installed and want to use pip with python3 7 by default  here s what you should do  First make sure you have pip installed for python3 7 python3 7 -m pip install -U pip  Now pip3 7 must be available  so we edit  bashrc nano    bashrc  adding the following line to it alias pip pip3 7  In order for the changes to take effect type in the shell  source    bashrc  Now if you type  pip --version  you should get   pip 20 1 1 from  usr local lib python3 7 dist-packages pip  python 3 7   which means  if you use  for example  pip install  lt package gt   it would install the  lt package gt  for python3 7

User · Answer

Most of the answers here address the issue but I want to add something what was continually confusing me with regard to creating an alternate installation of python in the  usr local on CentOS 7  When I installed there  it appeared like pip was working since I could use pip2 7 install and it would install modules  However  what I couldn t figure out was why my newly installed version of python wasn t seeing what I was installing   It turns out in CentOS 7 that there is already a python2 7 and a pip2 7 in the  usr bin folder  To install pip for your new python distribution  you need to specifically tell sudo to go to  usr local bin  sudo  usr local bin python2 7 -m ensurepip   This should get pip2 7 installed in your  usr local bin folder along with your version of python  The trick is that when you want to install modules  you either need to modify the sudo  PATH variable to include  usr local bin or you need to execute  sudo  usr local bin pip2 7 install  lt module gt    if you want to install a new module  It took me forever to remember that sudo wasn t immediately seeing  usr local bin

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On Linux  Mac OS X and other POSIX systems  use the versioned Python commands in combination with the -m switch to run the appropriate copy of pip   python2 7 -m pip install SomePackage python3 4 -m pip install SomePackage    appropriately versioned pip commands may also be available   On Windows  use the py Python launcher in combination with the -m switch   py -2 7 -m pip install SomePackage    specifically Python 2 7 py -3 4 -m pip install SomePackage    specifically Python 3 4   if you get an error for py -3 4 then try   pip install SomePackage

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Other answers show how to use pip with both 2 X and 3 X Python  but does not show how to handle the case of multiple Python distributions  eg  original Python and Anaconda Python    I have a total of 3 Python versions  original Python 2 7 and Python 3 5 and Anaconda Python 3 5   Here is how I install a package into    Original Python 3 5    usr bin python3 -m pip install python-daemon  Original Python 2 7    usr bin python -m pip install python-daemon  Anaconda Python 3 5   python3 -m pip install python-daemon   or  pip3 install python-daemon   Simpler  as Anaconda overrides original Python binaries in user environment   Of course  installing in anaconda should be done with conda command  this is just an example      Also  make sure that pip is installed for that specific python You might need to manually install pip  This works in Ubuntu 16 04   sudo apt-get install python-pip    or  sudo apt-get install python3-pip

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You can use one of the following commands  pip2 install SomePackage pip3 install SomePackage   python2 -m pip install SomePackage   python3 -m pip install SomePackage    And of course  make sure that you have the correct version of pip installed sudo apt-get install python-pip sudo apt-get install python3-pip   I haven t used these commands myself but  some answers above suggests using them to specify exactly the version of python you want to use pip-2 7 install SomePackage python-3 6 -m pip install SomePackage

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for example  if you set other versions  e g  3 5  as default and want to install pip for python 2 7    download pip at https   pypi python org pypi pip  tar  unzip tar file cd to the file   s directory sudo python2 7 setup py install

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Installation of multiple versions of Python and respective Packages   Python version on the same windows machine   2 7   3 4 and 3 6  Installation of all 3 versions of Python     Installed the Python 2 7   3 4 and 3 6 with the below paths      PATH for all 3 versions of Python     Made sure the PATH variable   in System Variables   has below paths included - C  Python27  C  Python27 Scripts C  Python34  C  Python34 Scripts C  Python36  C  Python36 Scripts      Renaming the executables for versions     Changed the python executable name in C  Python36 and C  Python34 to python36 and python34 respectively      Checked for the command prompt with all versions      Installing the packages separately for each version

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The current recommendation is to use python -m pip  where python is the version of Python you would like to use  This is the recommendation because it works across all versions of Python  and in all forms of virtualenv  For example     The system default python    python -m pip install fish    A virtualenv s python     env bin python -m pip install fish    A specific version of python    python-3 6 -m pip install fish   Previous answer  left for posterity   Since version 0 8  Pip supports pip- version   You can use it the same as easy install- version      pip-2 5 install myfoopackage   pip-2 6 install otherpackage   pip-2 7 install mybarpackage     EDIT  pip changed its schema to use pipVERSION instead of pip-VERSION in version 1 5  You should use the following if you have pip  gt   1 5     pip2 6 install otherpackage   pip2 7 install mybarpackage   Check https   github com pypa pip pull 1053 for more details    References    https   github com pypa pip issues 200 http   www pip-installer org docs pip en 0 8 3 news html id4

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If you have multiple versions as well as multiple architectures  32 bit  64 bit  you will need to add a -32 or -64 at the end of your version   For windows  go to cmd and type py --list and it will produce the versions you have installed  The list will look like the following   Installed Pythons found by py Launcher for Windows  -3 7-64    -3 7-32  -3 6-32   The full command as an example will be   py -3 6-32 -m pip install  package    If you want to get more indepth  to install a specific version of a package on a specific version of python  use    version  after the package  As an example   py -3 6-32 -m pip install opencv-python  4 1 0 25

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Another possible way could be using conda and pip  Some time you probably want to use just one of those  but if you really need to set up a particular version of python I combine both   I create a starting conda enviroment with the python I want  As in here https   docs conda io projects conda en latest user-guide tasks manage-environments html  Alternatively you could set up the whole enviroment just using conda  conda create -n myenv python 3 6 4  Then activate your enviroment with the python you like  This command could change depending on the OS  source activae myenv  Now you have your python active then you could continue using conda but if you need want to use pip  python -m pip -r requirements txt   Here you have a possible way

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Context  Archlinux    Action  Install python2-pip  sudo pacman -S python2-pip    You now have pip2 7  sudo pip2 7 install boto  Test  in my case I needed  boto    Run the following commands     python2 import boto   Success  No error   Exit  Ctrl D

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From here  https   docs python org 3 installing   Here is how to install packages for various versions that are installed at the same time linux  mac  posix   python2   -m pip install SomePackage    default Python 2 python2 7 -m pip install SomePackage    specifically Python 2 7 python3   -m pip install SomePackage    default Python 3 python3 4 -m pip install SomePackage    specifically Python 3 4 python3 5 -m pip install SomePackage    specifically Python 3 5 python3 6 -m pip install SomePackage    specifically Python 3 6   On Windows  use the py Python launcher in combination with the -m switch   py -2   -m pip install SomePackage    default Python 2 py -2 7 -m pip install SomePackage    specifically Python 2 7 py -3   -m pip install SomePackage    default Python 3 py -3 4 -m pip install SomePackage    specifically Python 3 4

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pip is also a python package  So the easiest way to install modules to a specific python version would be below   python2 7  usr bin pip install foo   or   python2 7 -m pip install foo

User · Answer

path to python2  5 6   path to pip install PackageName doesn t work   For this to work on any python version that doesn t have pip already installed you need to download pip and do python version  setup py install  For example python3 3 setup py install  This resolves the import error in the comments    As suggested by  hbdgaf

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I ran into this issue myself recently and found that I wasn t getting the right pip for Python 3  on my Linux system that also has Python 2   First you must ensure that you have installed pip for your python version   For Python 2   sudo apt-get install python-pip   For Python 3   sudo apt-get install python3-pip   Then to install packages for one version of Python or the other  simply use the following for Python 2   pip install  lt package gt    or for Python 3   pip3 install  lt package gt

[python] Dealing with multiple Python versions and PIP?

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