Programs & Examples On #Dbstop

How to use sha256 in php5.3.0

A way better solution is to just use the excelent compatibility script from Anthony Ferrara:

https://github.com/ircmaxell/password_compat

Please, and also, when checking the password, always add a way (preferibly async, so it doesn't impact the check process for timming attacks) to update the hash if needed.

Twitter bootstrap modal-backdrop doesn't disappear

I know this is a very old post but this might help. This is a very small workaround by me

$('#myModal').trigger('click');

Thats it, This should solve the issue

Make cross-domain ajax JSONP request with jQuery

You need to use the ajax-cross-origin plugin: http://www.ajax-cross-origin.com/

Just add the option crossOrigin: true

$.ajax({
    crossOrigin: true,
    url: url,
    success: function(data) {
        console.log(data);
    }
});

What's the meaning of System.out.println in Java?

Check following link:

http://download.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/api/java/lang/System.html

You will clearly see that:

System is a class in the java.lang package.

out is a static member of the System class, and is an instance of java.io.PrintStream.

println is a method of java.io.PrintStream. This method is overloaded to print message to output destination, which is typically a console or file.

SQL SELECT from multiple tables

SELECT 
  pid, 
  cid, 
  pname, 
  name1, 
  null 
FROM 
  product p
INNER JOIN 
  customer1 c ON p.cid = c.cid
UNION
SELECT 
  pid, 
  cid, 
  pname, 
  null, 
  name2
FROM 
  product p
INNER JOIN 
  customer2 c ON p.cid = c.cid

When use ResponseEntity<T> and @RestController for Spring RESTful applications

To complete the answer from Sotorios Delimanolis.

It's true that ResponseEntity gives you more flexibility but in most cases you won't need it and you'll end up with these ResponseEntity everywhere in your controller thus making it difficult to read and understand.

If you want to handle special cases like errors (Not Found, Conflict, etc.), you can add a HandlerExceptionResolver to your Spring configuration. So in your code, you just throw a specific exception (NotFoundException for instance) and decide what to do in your Handler (setting the HTTP status to 404), making the Controller code more clear.

Determining if a number is prime

If you are lazy, and have a lot of RAM, create a sieve of Eratosthenes which is practically a giant array from which you kicked all numbers that are not prime. From then on every prime "probability" test will be super quick. The upper limit for this solution for fast results is the amount of you RAM. The upper limit for this solution for superslow results is your hard disk's capacity.

Search in lists of lists by given index

What about:

list =[ ['a','b'], ['a','c'], ['b','d'] ]
search = 'b'

filter(lambda x:x[1]==search,list)

This will return each list in the list of lists with the second element being equal to search.

Matplotlib - Move X-Axis label downwards, but not X-Axis Ticks

If the variable ax.xaxis._autolabelpos = True, matplotlib sets the label position in function _update_label_position in axis.py according to (some excerpts):

    bboxes, bboxes2 = self._get_tick_bboxes(ticks_to_draw, renderer)
    bbox = mtransforms.Bbox.union(bboxes)
    bottom = bbox.y0
    x, y = self.label.get_position()
    self.label.set_position((x, bottom - self.labelpad * self.figure.dpi / 72.0))

You can set the label position independently of the ticks by using:

    ax.xaxis.set_label_coords(x0, y0)

that sets _autolabelpos to False or as mentioned above by changing the labelpad parameter.

C# Equivalent of SQL Server DataTypes

SQL Server and .Net Data Type mapping

SQL Server and .Net Data Type mapping

Excel VBA date formats

Thanks for the input. I'm obviously seeing some issues that aren't being replicated on others machines. Based on Jean's answer I have come up with less elegant solution that seems to work.

Since if I pass the cell a value directly from cdate, or just format it as a number it leaves the cell value as a string I've had to pass the date value into a numerical variable before passing that number back to the cell.

Function CellContentCanBeInterpretedAsADate(cell As Range) As Boolean
    Dim d As Date
    On Error Resume Next
    d = CDate(cell.Value)
    If Err.Number <> 0 Then
        CellContentCanBeInterpretedAsADate = False
    Else
        CellContentCanBeInterpretedAsADate = True
    End If
    On Error GoTo 0
End Function

Example usage:

Dim cell As Range
dim cvalue as double
Set cell = Range("A1")

If CellContentCanBeInterpretedAsADate(cell) Then
    cvalue = cdate(cell.value)
    cell.value = cvalue
    cell.NumberFormat = "mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm"
Else
    cell.NumberFormat = "General"
End If

Add 2 hours to current time in MySQL?

The DATE_ADD() function will do the trick. (You can also use the ADDTIME() function if you're running at least v4.1.1.)

For your query, this would be:

SELECT * 
FROM courses 
WHERE DATE_ADD(now(), INTERVAL 2 HOUR) > start_time

Or,

SELECT * 
FROM courses 
WHERE ADDTIME(now(), '02:00:00') > start_time

PHP 5 disable strict standards error

WordPress

If you work in the wordpress environment, Wordpress sets the error level in file wp-includes/load.php in function wp_debug_mode(). So you have to change the level AFTER this function has been called ( in a file not checked into git so that's development only ), or either modify directly the error_reporting() call

WCF Error - Could not find default endpoint element that references contract 'UserService.UserService'

Not sure if it's really a problem, but I see you have the same name for your binding configuration ().

I usually try to call my endpoints something like "UserServiceBasicHttp" or something similar (the "Binding" really doesn't have anything to do here), and I try to call my binding configurations something with "....Configuration", e.g. "UserServiceDefaultBinding", to avoid any potential name clashes.

Marc

Detect WebBrowser complete page loading

Note the url in DocumentCompleted can be different than navigating url due to server transfer or url normalization (e.g. you navigate to www.microsoft.com and got http://www.microsoft.com in documentcomplete)

In pages with no frames, this event fires one time after loading is complete. In pages with multiple frames, this event fires for each navigating frame (note navigation is supported inside a frame, for instance clicking a link in a frame could navigate the frame to another page). The highest level navigating frame, which may or may not be the top level browser, fires the final DocumentComplete event.

In native code you would compare the sender of the DocumentComplete event to determine if the event is the final event in the navigation or not. However in Windows Forms the sender parameter is not wrapped by WebBrowserDocumentCompletedEventArgs. You can either sink the native event to get the parameter's value, or check the readystate property of the browser or frame documents in the DocumentCompleted event handler to see if all frames are in the ready state.

There is a prolblem with the readystate method as if a download manager is present and the navigation is to a downloadable file, the navigation could be cancelled by the download manager and the readystate won't become complete.

Numpy, multiply array with scalar

You can multiply numpy arrays by scalars and it just works.

>>> import numpy as np
>>> np.array([1, 2, 3]) * 2
array([2, 4, 6])
>>> np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]) * 2
array([[ 2,  4,  6],
       [ 8, 10, 12]])

This is also a very fast and efficient operation. With your example:

>>> a_1 = np.array([1.0, 2.0, 3.0])
>>> a_2 = np.array([[1., 2.], [3., 4.]])
>>> b = 2.0
>>> a_1 * b
array([2., 4., 6.])
>>> a_2 * b
array([[2., 4.],
       [6., 8.]])

Having trouble setting working directory

I just had this error message happen. When searching for why, I figured out that there's a related issue that can occur if you're not paying attention - the same error occurs if the directory you are trying to move into does not exist.

How can we redirect a Java program console output to multiple files?

You can set the output of System.out programmatically by doing:

System.setOut(new PrintStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("/location/to/console.out")), true));

Edit:

Due to the fact that this solution is based on a PrintStream, we can enable autoFlush, but according to the docs:

autoFlush - A boolean; if true, the output buffer will be flushed whenever a byte array is written, one of the println methods is invoked, or a newline character or byte ('\n') is written

So if a new line isn't written, remember to System.out.flush() manually.

(Thanks Robert Tupelo-Schneck)

Finding whether a point lies inside a rectangle or not

The easiest way I thought of was to just project the point onto the axis of the rectangle. Let me explain:

If you can get the vector from the center of the rectangle to the top or bottom edge and the left or right edge. And you also have a vector from the center of the rectangle to your point, you can project that point onto your width and height vectors.

P = point vector, H = height vector, W = width vector

Get Unit vector W', H' by dividing the vectors by their magnitude

proj_P,H = P - (P.H')H' proj_P,W = P - (P.W')W'

Unless im mistaken, which I don't think I am... (Correct me if I'm wrong) but if the magnitude of the projection of your point on the height vector is less then the magnitude of the height vector (which is half of the height of the rectangle) and the magnitude of the projection of your point on the width vector is, then you have a point inside of your rectangle.

If you have a universal coordinate system, you might have to figure out the height/width/point vectors using vector subtraction. Vector projections are amazing! remember that.

Switch on Enum in Java

You definitely can switch on enums. An example posted from the Java tutorials.

public enum Day {
    SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, 
    THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY 
}

public class EnumTest {
    Day day;

    public EnumTest(Day day) {
        this.day = day;
    }

    public void tellItLikeItIs() {

        switch (day) {
            case MONDAY: 
                System.out.println("Mondays are bad.");
                break;

            case FRIDAY: 
                System.out.println("Fridays are better.");
                break;

            case SATURDAY:
            case SUNDAY: 
                System.out.println("Weekends are best.");
                break;

            default:
                System.out.println("Midweek days are so-so.");
                break;
        }
    }
}

How to customize an end time for a YouTube video?

I just found out that the following works:

https://www.youtube.com/embed/[video_id]?start=[start_at_second]&end=[end_at_second]

Note: the time must be an integer number of seconds (e.g. 119, not 1m59s).

java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource cannot be opened because it does not exist

Try this:

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("app-context.xml");

Adding 30 minutes to time formatted as H:i in PHP

I usually take a slightly different track to achieve this:

$startTime = date("H:i",time() - 1800);
$endTime = date("H:i",time() + 1800);

Where 1800 seconds = 30 minutes.

Remove non-utf8 characters from string

Slightly different to the question, but what I am doing is to use HtmlEncode(string),

pseudo code here

var encoded = HtmlEncode(string);
encoded = Regex.Replace(encoded, "&#\d+?;", "");
var result = HtmlDecode(encoded);

input and output

"Headlight\x007E Bracket, &#123; Cafe Racer<> Style, Stainless Steel ????"
"Headlight~ Bracket, &#123; Cafe Racer<> Style, Stainless Steel ????"

I know it's not perfect, but does the job for me.

Python string prints as [u'String']

encode("latin-1") helped me in my case:

facultyname[0].encode("latin-1")

Why does the Visual Studio editor show dots in blank spaces?

In Visual Studio 2019, this can also be configured in Tools -> Options -> General -> View whitespace

Getting java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory exception

Hello friends if your getting any not class found exception in hibernate code it is the problem of jar files.here mainly two problems
1.I mean to say your working old version of hibernate may be 3.2 bellow.So if u try above 3.6 it will works fine

2.first checkes database connection.if it database working properly their was a mistake in ur program or jar file.

please check these two prioblems if it also not working you tried to IDE . I am using netbeanside 6.9 version.here hibernate working fine.you dont get any error from class not founnd exception..

I hope this one helps more

Differences between C++ string == and compare()?

std::string::compare() returns an int:

  • equal to zero if s and t are equal,
  • less than zero if s is less than t,
  • greater than zero if s is greater than t.

If you want your first code snippet to be equivalent to the second one, it should actually read:

if (!s.compare(t)) {
    // 's' and 't' are equal.
}

The equality operator only tests for equality (hence its name) and returns a bool.

To elaborate on the use cases, compare() can be useful if you're interested in how the two strings relate to one another (less or greater) when they happen to be different. PlasmaHH rightfully mentions trees, and it could also be, say, a string insertion algorithm that aims to keep the container sorted, a dichotomic search algorithm for the aforementioned container, and so on.

EDIT: As Steve Jessop points out in the comments, compare() is most useful for quick sort and binary search algorithms. Natural sorts and dichotomic searches can be implemented with only std::less.

Sending Email in Android using JavaMail API without using the default/built-in app

In case that you are demanded to keep the jar library as small as possible, you can include the SMTP/POP3/IMAP function separately to avoid the "too many methods in the dex" problem.

You can choose the wanted jar libraries from the javanet web page, for example, mailapi.jar + imap.jar can enable you to access icloud, hotmail mail server in IMAP protocol. (with the help of additional.jar and activation.jar)

How to make an empty div take space

With using the inline-block it will behave as an inline object. so no floats needed to get them next to eachother on one line. And indeed as Rito said, floats need a "body", like they need dimensions.

I totally agree with Pekka about using tables. Everybody that build layouts using div's avoid tables like it's a desease. But use them for tablular data! That's what they're ment for. And in your case i think you need them :)

BUT if you really really want what you want. There is a css hack way. Same as the float hack.

.kundregister_grid_1:after {  content: ".";  }

Add that one and you're also set :D (Note: does not work in IE, but that is fixable)

Tool to generate JSON schema from JSON data

For node.js > 6.0.0 there is also the json-schema-by-example module.

How to remove non UTF-8 characters from text file

cat foo.txt | strings -n 8 > bar.txt

will do the job.

Equivalent of LIMIT and OFFSET for SQL Server?

Adding a slight variation on Aaronaught's solution, I typically parametrize page number (@PageNum) and page size (@PageSize). This way each page click event just sends in the requested page number along with a configurable page size:

begin
    with My_CTE  as
    (
         SELECT col1,
              ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY col1) AS row_number
     FROM
          My_Table
     WHERE
          <<<whatever>>>
    )
    select * from My_CTE
            WHERE RowNum BETWEEN (@PageNum - 1) * (@PageSize + 1) 
                              AND @PageNum * @PageSize

end

Bulk Insertion in Laravel using eloquent ORM

$start_date = date('Y-m-d h:m:s');        
        $end_date = date('Y-m-d h:m:s', strtotime($start_date . "+".$userSubscription['duration']." months") );
        $user_subscription_array = array(
          array(
            'user_id' => $request->input('user_id'),
            'user_subscription_plan_id' => $request->input('subscription_plan_id'),
            'name' => $userSubscription['name'],
            'description' => $userSubscription['description'],
            'duration' => $userSubscription['duration'],
            'start_datetime' => $start_date,
            'end_datetime' => $end_date,
            'amount' => $userSubscription['amount'],
            'invoice_id' => '',
            'transection_datetime' => '',
            'created_by' => '1',
            'status_id' => '1', ),
array(
            'user_id' => $request->input('user_id'),
            'user_subscription_plan_id' => $request->input('subscription_plan_id'),
            'name' => $userSubscription['name'],
            'description' => $userSubscription['description'],
            'duration' => $userSubscription['duration'],
            'start_datetime' => $start_date,
            'end_datetime' => $end_date,
            'amount' => $userSubscription['amount'],
            'invoice_id' => '',
            'transection_datetime' => '',
            'created_by' => '1',
            'status_id' => '1', )
        );
        dd(UserSubscription::insert($user_subscription_array));

UserSubscription is my model name. This will return "true" if insert successfully else "false".

How do I get the current date in JavaScript?

The shortest possible.

To get format like "2018-08-03":

_x000D_
_x000D_
let today = new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 10)_x000D_
_x000D_
console.log(today)
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

To get format like "8/3/2018":

_x000D_
_x000D_
let today = new Date().toLocaleDateString()_x000D_
_x000D_
console.log(today)
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

Also, you can pass locale as argument, for example toLocaleDateString("sr"), etc.

Python Requests requests.exceptions.SSLError: [Errno 8] _ssl.c:504: EOF occurred in violation of protocol

To people that can't get above fixes working.

Had to change file ssl.py to fix it. Look for function create_default_context and change line:

context = SSLContext(PROTOCOL_SSLv23)

to

context = SSLContext(PROTOCOL_TLSv1)

Maybe someone can create easier solution without editing ssl.py?

Using SSH keys inside docker container

A concise overview of the challenges of SSH inside Docker containers is detailed here. For connecting to trusted remotes from within a container without leaking secrets there are a few ways:

Beyond these there's also the possibility of using a key-store running in a separate docker container accessible at runtime when using Compose. The drawback here is additional complexity due to the machinery required to create and manage a keystore such as Vault by HashiCorp.

For SSH key use in a stand-alone Docker container see the methods linked above and consider the drawbacks of each depending on your specific needs. If, however, you're running inside Compose and want to share a key to an app at runtime (reflecting practicalities of the OP) try this:

  • Create a docker-compose.env file and add it to your .gitignore file.
  • Update your docker-compose.yml and add env_file for service requiring the key.
  • Access public key from environment at application runtime, e.g. process.node.DEPLOYER_RSA_PUBKEY in the case of a Node.js application.

The above approach is ideal for development and testing and, while it could satisfy production requirements, in production you're better off using one of the other methods identified above.

Additional resources:

Is there a standard sign function (signum, sgn) in C/C++?

Surprised no one has posted the type-safe C++ version yet:

template <typename T> int sgn(T val) {
    return (T(0) < val) - (val < T(0));
}

Benefits:

  • Actually implements signum (-1, 0, or 1). Implementations here using copysign only return -1 or 1, which is not signum. Also, some implementations here are returning a float (or T) rather than an int, which seems wasteful.
  • Works for ints, floats, doubles, unsigned shorts, or any custom types constructible from integer 0 and orderable.
  • Fast! copysign is slow, especially if you need to promote and then narrow again. This is branchless and optimizes excellently
  • Standards-compliant! The bitshift hack is neat, but only works for some bit representations, and doesn't work when you have an unsigned type. It could be provided as a manual specialization when appropriate.
  • Accurate! Simple comparisons with zero can maintain the machine's internal high-precision representation (e.g. 80 bit on x87), and avoid a premature round to zero.

Caveats:

  • It's a template so it might take longer to compile in some circumstances.
  • Apparently some people think use of a new, somewhat esoteric, and very slow standard library function that doesn't even really implement signum is more understandable.
  • The < 0 part of the check triggers GCC's -Wtype-limits warning when instantiated for an unsigned type. You can avoid this by using some overloads:

    template <typename T> inline constexpr
    int signum(T x, std::false_type is_signed) {
        return T(0) < x;
    }
    
    template <typename T> inline constexpr
    int signum(T x, std::true_type is_signed) {
        return (T(0) < x) - (x < T(0));
    }
    
    template <typename T> inline constexpr
    int signum(T x) {
        return signum(x, std::is_signed<T>());
    }
    

    (Which is a good example of the first caveat.)

Options for HTML scraping?

BeautifulSoup is a great way to go for HTML scraping. My previous job had me doing a lot of scraping and I wish I knew about BeautifulSoup when I started. It's like the DOM with a lot more useful options and is a lot more pythonic. If you want to try Ruby they ported BeautifulSoup calling it RubyfulSoup but it hasn't been updated in a while.

Other useful tools are HTMLParser or sgmllib.SGMLParser which are part of the standard Python library. These work by calling methods every time you enter/exit a tag and encounter html text. They're like Expat if you're familiar with that. These libraries are especially useful if you are going to parse very large files and creating a DOM tree would be long and expensive.

Regular expressions aren't very necessary. BeautifulSoup handles regular expressions so if you need their power you can utilize it there. I say go with BeautifulSoup unless you need speed and a smaller memory footprint. If you find a better HTML parser on Python, let me know.

Remove unused imports in Android Studio

you can use Alt + Enter in Android Studio as Shortcut Key

How to send email from MySQL 5.1

I agree with Jim Blizard. The database is not the part of your technology stack that should send emails. For example, what if you send an email but then roll back the change that triggered that email? You can't take the email back.

It's better to send the email in your application code layer, after your app has confirmed that the SQL change was made successfully and committed.

jQuery UI " $("#datepicker").datepicker is not a function"

I know that this post is quite old, but for reference I fixed this issue by updating the version of datepicker

It is worth trying that too to avoid hours of debugging.

https://cdnjs.com/libraries/bootstrap-datepicker

What is the best regular expression to check if a string is a valid URL?

To match the URL up to the domain:

(^(\bhttp)(|s):\/{2})(?=[a-z0-9-_]{1,255})\.\1\.([a-z]{3,7}$)

It can be simplified to:

(^(\bhttp)(|s):\/{2})(?=[a-z0-9-_.]{1,255})\.([a-z]{3,7})

the latter does not check for the end for the end line so that it can be later used create full blown URL with full paths and query strings.

Send PHP variable to javascript function

You can pass PHP values to JavaScript. The PHP will execute server side so the value will be calculated and then you can echo it to the HTML containing the javascript. The javascript will then execute in the clients browser with the value PHP calculated server-side.

<script type="text/javascript">
    // Do something in JavaScript
    var x = <?php echo $calculatedValue; ?>;
    // etc..
</script>

Interface/enum listing standard mime-type constants

I solved this with a static class:

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class MimeTypes {

    private static final HashMap<String, String> mimeTypes;

    static {
        mimeTypes = new HashMap<String, String>() {
            {
                put(".323", "text/h323");
                put(".3g2", "video/3gpp2");
                put(".3gp", "video/3gpp");
                put(".3gp2", "video/3gpp2");
                put(".3gpp", "video/3gpp");
                put(".7z", "application/x-7z-compressed");
                put(".aa", "audio/audible");
                put(".AAC", "audio/aac");
                put(".aaf", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".aax", "audio/vnd.audible.aax");
                put(".ac3", "audio/ac3");
                put(".aca", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".accda", "application/msaccess.addin");
                put(".accdb", "application/msaccess");
                put(".accdc", "application/msaccess.cab");
                put(".accde", "application/msaccess");
                put(".accdr", "application/msaccess.runtime");
                put(".accdt", "application/msaccess");
                put(".accdw", "application/msaccess.webapplication");
                put(".accft", "application/msaccess.ftemplate");
                put(".acx", "application/internet-property-stream");
                put(".AddIn", "text/xml");
                put(".ade", "application/msaccess");
                put(".adobebridge", "application/x-bridge-url");
                put(".adp", "application/msaccess");
                put(".ADT", "audio/vnd.dlna.adts");
                put(".ADTS", "audio/aac");
                put(".afm", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".ai", "application/postscript");
                put(".aif", "audio/x-aiff");
                put(".aifc", "audio/aiff");
                put(".aiff", "audio/aiff");
                put(".air", "application/vnd.adobe.air-application-installer-package+zip");
                put(".amc", "application/x-mpeg");
                put(".application", "application/x-ms-application");
                put(".art", "image/x-jg");
                put(".asa", "application/xml");
                put(".asax", "application/xml");
                put(".ascx", "application/xml");
                put(".asd", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".asf", "video/x-ms-asf");
                put(".ashx", "application/xml");
                put(".asi", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".asm", "text/plain");
                put(".asmx", "application/xml");
                put(".aspx", "application/xml");
                put(".asr", "video/x-ms-asf");
                put(".asx", "video/x-ms-asf");
                put(".atom", "application/atom+xml");
                put(".au", "audio/basic");
                put(".avi", "video/x-msvideo");
                put(".axs", "application/olescript");
                put(".bas", "text/plain");
                put(".bcpio", "application/x-bcpio");
                put(".bin", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".bmp", "image/bmp");
                put(".c", "text/plain");
                put(".cab", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".caf", "audio/x-caf");
                put(".calx", "application/vnd.ms-office.calx");
                put(".cat", "application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat");
                put(".cc", "text/plain");
                put(".cd", "text/plain");
                put(".cdda", "audio/aiff");
                put(".cdf", "application/x-cdf");
                put(".cer", "application/x-x509-ca-cert");
                put(".chm", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".class", "application/x-java-applet");
                put(".clp", "application/x-msclip");
                put(".cmx", "image/x-cmx");
                put(".cnf", "text/plain");
                put(".cod", "image/cis-cod");
                put(".config", "application/xml");
                put(".contact", "text/x-ms-contact");
                put(".coverage", "application/xml");
                put(".cpio", "application/x-cpio");
                put(".cpp", "text/plain");
                put(".crd", "application/x-mscardfile");
                put(".crl", "application/pkix-crl");
                put(".crt", "application/x-x509-ca-cert");
                put(".cs", "text/plain");
                put(".csdproj", "text/plain");
                put(".csh", "application/x-csh");
                put(".csproj", "text/plain");
                put(".css", "text/css");
                put(".csv", "text/csv");
                put(".cur", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".cxx", "text/plain");
                put(".dat", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".datasource", "application/xml");
                put(".dbproj", "text/plain");
                put(".dcr", "application/x-director");
                put(".def", "text/plain");
                put(".deploy", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".der", "application/x-x509-ca-cert");
                put(".dgml", "application/xml");
                put(".dib", "image/bmp");
                put(".dif", "video/x-dv");
                put(".dir", "application/x-director");
                put(".disco", "text/xml");
                put(".dll", "application/x-msdownload");
                put(".dll.config", "text/xml");
                put(".dlm", "text/dlm");
                put(".doc", "application/msword");
                put(".docm", "application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroEnabled.12");
                put(".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document");
                put(".dot", "application/msword");
                put(".dotm", "application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroEnabled.12");
                put(".dotx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template");
                put(".dsp", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".dsw", "text/plain");
                put(".dtd", "text/xml");
                put(".dtsConfig", "text/xml");
                put(".dv", "video/x-dv");
                put(".dvi", "application/x-dvi");
                put(".dwf", "drawing/x-dwf");
                put(".dwp", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".dxr", "application/x-director");
                put(".eml", "message/rfc822");
                put(".emz", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".eot", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".eps", "application/postscript");
                put(".etl", "application/etl");
                put(".etx", "text/x-setext");
                put(".evy", "application/envoy");
                put(".exe", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".exe.config", "text/xml");
                put(".fdf", "application/vnd.fdf");
                put(".fif", "application/fractals");
                put(".filters", "Application/xml");
                put(".fla", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".flr", "x-world/x-vrml");
                put(".flv", "video/x-flv");
                put(".fsscript", "application/fsharp-script");
                put(".fsx", "application/fsharp-script");
                put(".generictest", "application/xml");
                put(".gif", "image/gif");
                put(".group", "text/x-ms-group");
                put(".gsm", "audio/x-gsm");
                put(".gtar", "application/x-gtar");
                put(".gz", "application/x-gzip");
                put(".h", "text/plain");
                put(".hdf", "application/x-hdf");
                put(".hdml", "text/x-hdml");
                put(".hhc", "application/x-oleobject");
                put(".hhk", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".hhp", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".hlp", "application/winhlp");
                put(".hpp", "text/plain");
                put(".hqx", "application/mac-binhex40");
                put(".hta", "application/hta");
                put(".htc", "text/x-component");
                put(".htm", "text/html");
                put(".html", "text/html");
                put(".htt", "text/webviewhtml");
                put(".hxa", "application/xml");
                put(".hxc", "application/xml");
                put(".hxd", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".hxe", "application/xml");
                put(".hxf", "application/xml");
                put(".hxh", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".hxi", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".hxk", "application/xml");
                put(".hxq", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".hxr", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".hxs", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".hxt", "text/html");
                put(".hxv", "application/xml");
                put(".hxw", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".hxx", "text/plain");
                put(".i", "text/plain");
                put(".ico", "image/x-icon");
                put(".ics", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".idl", "text/plain");
                put(".ief", "image/ief");
                put(".iii", "application/x-iphone");
                put(".inc", "text/plain");
                put(".inf", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".inl", "text/plain");
                put(".ins", "application/x-internet-signup");
                put(".ipa", "application/x-itunes-ipa");
                put(".ipg", "application/x-itunes-ipg");
                put(".ipproj", "text/plain");
                put(".ipsw", "application/x-itunes-ipsw");
                put(".iqy", "text/x-ms-iqy");
                put(".isp", "application/x-internet-signup");
                put(".ite", "application/x-itunes-ite");
                put(".itlp", "application/x-itunes-itlp");
                put(".itms", "application/x-itunes-itms");
                put(".itpc", "application/x-itunes-itpc");
                put(".IVF", "video/x-ivf");
                put(".jar", "application/java-archive");
                put(".java", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".jck", "application/liquidmotion");
                put(".jcz", "application/liquidmotion");
                put(".jfif", "image/pjpeg");
                put(".jnlp", "application/x-java-jnlp-file");
                put(".jpb", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".jpe", "image/jpeg");
                put(".jpeg", "image/jpeg");
                put(".jpg", "image/jpeg");
                put(".js", "application/x-javascript");
                put(".json", "application/json");
                put(".jsx", "text/jscript");
                put(".jsxbin", "text/plain");
                put(".latex", "application/x-latex");
                put(".library-ms", "application/windows-library+xml");
                put(".lit", "application/x-ms-reader");
                put(".loadtest", "application/xml");
                put(".lpk", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".lsf", "video/x-la-asf");
                put(".lst", "text/plain");
                put(".lsx", "video/x-la-asf");
                put(".lzh", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".m13", "application/x-msmediaview");
                put(".m14", "application/x-msmediaview");
                put(".m1v", "video/mpeg");
                put(".m2t", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts");
                put(".m2ts", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts");
                put(".m2v", "video/mpeg");
                put(".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl");
                put(".m3u8", "audio/x-mpegurl");
                put(".m4a", "audio/m4a");
                put(".m4b", "audio/m4b");
                put(".m4p", "audio/m4p");
                put(".m4r", "audio/x-m4r");
                put(".m4v", "video/x-m4v");
                put(".mac", "image/x-macpaint");
                put(".mak", "text/plain");
                put(".man", "application/x-troff-man");
                put(".manifest", "application/x-ms-manifest");
                put(".map", "text/plain");
                put(".master", "application/xml");
                put(".mda", "application/msaccess");
                put(".mdb", "application/x-msaccess");
                put(".mde", "application/msaccess");
                put(".mdp", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".me", "application/x-troff-me");
                put(".mfp", "application/x-shockwave-flash");
                put(".mht", "message/rfc822");
                put(".mhtml", "message/rfc822");
                put(".mid", "audio/mid");
                put(".midi", "audio/mid");
                put(".mix", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".mk", "text/plain");
                put(".mmf", "application/x-smaf");
                put(".mno", "text/xml");
                put(".mny", "application/x-msmoney");
                put(".mod", "video/mpeg");
                put(".mov", "video/quicktime");
                put(".movie", "video/x-sgi-movie");
                put(".mp2", "video/mpeg");
                put(".mp2v", "video/mpeg");
                put(".mp3", "audio/mpeg");
                put(".mp4", "video/mp4");
                put(".mp4v", "video/mp4");
                put(".mpa", "video/mpeg");
                put(".mpe", "video/mpeg");
                put(".mpeg", "video/mpeg");
                put(".mpf", "application/vnd.ms-mediapackage");
                put(".mpg", "video/mpeg");
                put(".mpp", "application/vnd.ms-project");
                put(".mpv2", "video/mpeg");
                put(".mqv", "video/quicktime");
                put(".ms", "application/x-troff-ms");
                put(".msi", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".mso", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".mts", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts");
                put(".mtx", "application/xml");
                put(".mvb", "application/x-msmediaview");
                put(".mvc", "application/x-miva-compiled");
                put(".mxp", "application/x-mmxp");
                put(".nc", "application/x-netcdf");
                put(".nsc", "video/x-ms-asf");
                put(".nws", "message/rfc822");
                put(".ocx", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".oda", "application/oda");
                put(".odc", "text/x-ms-odc");
                put(".odh", "text/plain");
                put(".odl", "text/plain");
                put(".odp", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation");
                put(".ods", "application/oleobject");
                put(".odt", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text");
                put(".one", "application/onenote");
                put(".onea", "application/onenote");
                put(".onepkg", "application/onenote");
                put(".onetmp", "application/onenote");
                put(".onetoc", "application/onenote");
                put(".onetoc2", "application/onenote");
                put(".orderedtest", "application/xml");
                put(".osdx", "application/opensearchdescription+xml");
                put(".p10", "application/pkcs10");
                put(".p12", "application/x-pkcs12");
                put(".p7b", "application/x-pkcs7-certificates");
                put(".p7c", "application/pkcs7-mime");
                put(".p7m", "application/pkcs7-mime");
                put(".p7r", "application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp");
                put(".p7s", "application/pkcs7-signature");
                put(".pbm", "image/x-portable-bitmap");
                put(".pcast", "application/x-podcast");
                put(".pct", "image/pict");
                put(".pcx", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".pcz", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".pdf", "application/pdf");
                put(".pfb", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".pfm", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".pfx", "application/x-pkcs12");
                put(".pgm", "image/x-portable-graymap");
                put(".pic", "image/pict");
                put(".pict", "image/pict");
                put(".pkgdef", "text/plain");
                put(".pkgundef", "text/plain");
                put(".pko", "application/vnd.ms-pki.pko");
                put(".pls", "audio/scpls");
                put(".pma", "application/x-perfmon");
                put(".pmc", "application/x-perfmon");
                put(".pml", "application/x-perfmon");
                put(".pmr", "application/x-perfmon");
                put(".pmw", "application/x-perfmon");
                put(".png", "image/png");
                put(".pnm", "image/x-portable-anymap");
                put(".pnt", "image/x-macpaint");
                put(".pntg", "image/x-macpaint");
                put(".pnz", "image/png");
                put(".pot", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");
                put(".potm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroEnabled.12");
                put(".potx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template");
                put(".ppa", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");
                put(".ppam", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroEnabled.12");
                put(".ppm", "image/x-portable-pixmap");
                put(".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");
                put(".ppsm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroEnabled.12");
                put(".ppsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow");
                put(".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");
                put(".pptm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12");
                put(".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation");
                put(".prf", "application/pics-rules");
                put(".prm", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".prx", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".ps", "application/postscript");
                put(".psc1", "application/PowerShell");
                put(".psd", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".psess", "application/xml");
                put(".psm", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".psp", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".pub", "application/x-mspublisher");
                put(".pwz", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");
                put(".qht", "text/x-html-insertion");
                put(".qhtm", "text/x-html-insertion");
                put(".qt", "video/quicktime");
                put(".qti", "image/x-quicktime");
                put(".qtif", "image/x-quicktime");
                put(".qtl", "application/x-quicktimeplayer");
                put(".qxd", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".ra", "audio/x-pn-realaudio");
                put(".ram", "audio/x-pn-realaudio");
                put(".rar", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".ras", "image/x-cmu-raster");
                put(".rat", "application/rat-file");
                put(".rc", "text/plain");
                put(".rc2", "text/plain");
                put(".rct", "text/plain");
                put(".rdlc", "application/xml");
                put(".resx", "application/xml");
                put(".rf", "image/vnd.rn-realflash");
                put(".rgb", "image/x-rgb");
                put(".rgs", "text/plain");
                put(".rm", "application/vnd.rn-realmedia");
                put(".rmi", "audio/mid");
                put(".rmp", "application/vnd.rn-rn_music_package");
                put(".roff", "application/x-troff");
                put(".rpm", "audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin");
                put(".rqy", "text/x-ms-rqy");
                put(".rtf", "application/rtf");
                put(".rtx", "text/richtext");
                put(".ruleset", "application/xml");
                put(".s", "text/plain");
                put(".safariextz", "application/x-safari-safariextz");
                put(".scd", "application/x-msschedule");
                put(".sct", "text/scriptlet");
                put(".sd2", "audio/x-sd2");
                put(".sdp", "application/sdp");
                put(".sea", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".searchConnector-ms", "application/windows-search-connector+xml");
                put(".setpay", "application/set-payment-initiation");
                put(".setreg", "application/set-registration-initiation");
                put(".settings", "application/xml");
                put(".sgimb", "application/x-sgimb");
                put(".sgml", "text/sgml");
                put(".sh", "application/x-sh");
                put(".shar", "application/x-shar");
                put(".shtml", "text/html");
                put(".sit", "application/x-stuffit");
                put(".sitemap", "application/xml");
                put(".skin", "application/xml");
                put(".sldm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slide.macroEnabled.12");
                put(".sldx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slide");
                put(".slk", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
                put(".sln", "text/plain");
                put(".slupkg-ms", "application/x-ms-license");
                put(".smd", "audio/x-smd");
                put(".smi", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".smx", "audio/x-smd");
                put(".smz", "audio/x-smd");
                put(".snd", "audio/basic");
                put(".snippet", "application/xml");
                put(".snp", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".sol", "text/plain");
                put(".sor", "text/plain");
                put(".spc", "application/x-pkcs7-certificates");
                put(".spl", "application/futuresplash");
                put(".src", "application/x-wais-source");
                put(".srf", "text/plain");
                put(".SSISDeploymentManifest", "text/xml");
                put(".ssm", "application/streamingmedia");
                put(".sst", "application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore");
                put(".stl", "application/vnd.ms-pki.stl");
                put(".sv4cpio", "application/x-sv4cpio");
                put(".sv4crc", "application/x-sv4crc");
                put(".svc", "application/xml");
                put(".swf", "application/x-shockwave-flash");
                put(".t", "application/x-troff");
                put(".tar", "application/x-tar");
                put(".tcl", "application/x-tcl");
                put(".testrunconfig", "application/xml");
                put(".testsettings", "application/xml");
                put(".tex", "application/x-tex");
                put(".texi", "application/x-texinfo");
                put(".texinfo", "application/x-texinfo");
                put(".tgz", "application/x-compressed");
                put(".thmx", "application/vnd.ms-officetheme");
                put(".thn", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".tif", "image/tiff");
                put(".tiff", "image/tiff");
                put(".tlh", "text/plain");
                put(".tli", "text/plain");
                put(".toc", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".tr", "application/x-troff");
                put(".trm", "application/x-msterminal");
                put(".trx", "application/xml");
                put(".ts", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts");
                put(".tsv", "text/tab-separated-values");
                put(".ttf", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".tts", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts");
                put(".txt", "text/plain");
                put(".u32", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".uls", "text/iuls");
                put(".user", "text/plain");
                put(".ustar", "application/x-ustar");
                put(".vb", "text/plain");
                put(".vbdproj", "text/plain");
                put(".vbk", "video/mpeg");
                put(".vbproj", "text/plain");
                put(".vbs", "text/vbscript");
                put(".vcf", "text/x-vcard");
                put(".vcproj", "Application/xml");
                put(".vcs", "text/plain");
                put(".vcxproj", "Application/xml");
                put(".vddproj", "text/plain");
                put(".vdp", "text/plain");
                put(".vdproj", "text/plain");
                put(".vdx", "application/vnd.ms-visio.viewer");
                put(".vml", "text/xml");
                put(".vscontent", "application/xml");
                put(".vsct", "text/xml");
                put(".vsd", "application/vnd.visio");
                put(".vsi", "application/ms-vsi");
                put(".vsix", "application/vsix");
                put(".vsixlangpack", "text/xml");
                put(".vsixmanifest", "text/xml");
                put(".vsmdi", "application/xml");
                put(".vspscc", "text/plain");
                put(".vss", "application/vnd.visio");
                put(".vsscc", "text/plain");
                put(".vssettings", "text/xml");
                put(".vssscc", "text/plain");
                put(".vst", "application/vnd.visio");
                put(".vstemplate", "text/xml");
                put(".vsto", "application/x-ms-vsto");
                put(".vsw", "application/vnd.visio");
                put(".vsx", "application/vnd.visio");
                put(".vtx", "application/vnd.visio");
                put(".wav", "audio/wav");
                put(".wave", "audio/wav");
                put(".wax", "audio/x-ms-wax");
                put(".wbk", "application/msword");
                put(".wbmp", "image/vnd.wap.wbmp");
                put(".wcm", "application/vnd.ms-works");
                put(".wdb", "application/vnd.ms-works");
                put(".wdp", "image/vnd.ms-photo");
                put(".webarchive", "application/x-safari-webarchive");
                put(".webtest", "application/xml");
                put(".wiq", "application/xml");
                put(".wiz", "application/msword");
                put(".wks", "application/vnd.ms-works");
                put(".WLMP", "application/wlmoviemaker");
                put(".wlpginstall", "application/x-wlpg-detect");
                put(".wlpginstall3", "application/x-wlpg3-detect");
                put(".wm", "video/x-ms-wm");
                put(".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma");
                put(".wmd", "application/x-ms-wmd");
                put(".wmf", "application/x-msmetafile");
                put(".wml", "text/vnd.wap.wml");
                put(".wmlc", "application/vnd.wap.wmlc");
                put(".wmls", "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript");
                put(".wmlsc", "application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc");
                put(".wmp", "video/x-ms-wmp");
                put(".wmv", "video/x-ms-wmv");
                put(".wmx", "video/x-ms-wmx");
                put(".wmz", "application/x-ms-wmz");
                put(".wpl", "application/vnd.ms-wpl");
                put(".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works");
                put(".wri", "application/x-mswrite");
                put(".wrl", "x-world/x-vrml");
                put(".wrz", "x-world/x-vrml");
                put(".wsc", "text/scriptlet");
                put(".wsdl", "text/xml");
                put(".wvx", "video/x-ms-wvx");
                put(".x", "application/directx");
                put(".xaf", "x-world/x-vrml");
                put(".xaml", "application/xaml+xml");
                put(".xap", "application/x-silverlight-app");
                put(".xbap", "application/x-ms-xbap");
                put(".xbm", "image/x-xbitmap");
                put(".xdr", "text/plain");
                put(".xht", "application/xhtml+xml");
                put(".xhtml", "application/xhtml+xml");
                put(".xla", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
                put(".xlam", "application/vnd.ms-excel.addin.macroEnabled.12");
                put(".xlc", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
                put(".xld", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
                put(".xlk", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
                put(".xll", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
                put(".xlm", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
                put(".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
                put(".xlsb", "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroEnabled.12");
                put(".xlsm", "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12");
                put(".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
                put(".xlt", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
                put(".xltm", "application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroEnabled.12");
                put(".xltx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template");
                put(".xlw", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
                put(".xml", "text/xml");
                put(".xmta", "application/xml");
                put(".xof", "x-world/x-vrml");
                put(".XOML", "text/plain");
                put(".xpm", "image/x-xpixmap");
                put(".xps", "application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument");
                put(".xrm-ms", "text/xml");
                put(".xsc", "application/xml");
                put(".xsd", "text/xml");
                put(".xsf", "text/xml");
                put(".xsl", "text/xml");
                put(".xslt", "text/xml");
                put(".xsn", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".xss", "application/xml");
                put(".xtp", "application/octet-stream");
                put(".xwd", "image/x-xwindowdump");
                put(".z", "application/x-compress");
                put(".zip", "application/x-zip-compressed");
            }
        };
    }

    public static String getMimeType(String extension) {
        if (extension == null) {
            return null;
        }

        if (!extension.startsWith(".")) {
            extension = "." + extension.toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault());
        }

        String mime = mimeTypes.get(extension);

        return mime != null ? mime : "application/octet-stream";
    }
}

Differences between socket.io and websockets

tl;dr;

Comparing them is like comparing Restaurant food (maybe expensive sometimes, and maybe not 100% you want it) with homemade food, where you have to gather and grow each one of the ingredients on your own.

Maybe if you just want to eat an apple, the latter is better. But if you want something complicated and you're alone, it's really not worth cooking and making all the ingredients by yourself.


I've worked with both of these. Here is my experience.

SocketIO

  • Has autoconnect

  • Has namespaces

  • Has rooms

  • Has subscriptions service

  • Has a pre-designed protocol of communication

    (talking about the protocol to subscribe, unsubscribe or send a message to a specific room, you must all design them yourself in websockets)

  • Has good logging support

  • Has integration with services such as redis

  • Has fallback in case WS is not supported (well, it's more and more rare circumstance though)

  • It's a library. Which means, it's actually helping your cause in every way. Websockets is a protocol, not a library, which SocketIO uses anyway.

  • The whole architecture is supported and designed by someone who is not you, thus you dont have to spend time designing and implementing anything from the above, but you can go straight to coding business rules.

  • Has a community because it's a library (you can't have a community for HTTP or Websockets :P They're just standards/protocols)

Websockets

  • You have the absolute control, depending on who you are, this can be very good or very bad
  • It's as light as it gets (remember, its a protocol, not a library)
  • You design your own architecture & protocol
  • Has no autoconnect, you implement it yourself if yo want it
  • Has no subscription service, you design it
  • Has no logging, you implement it
  • Has no fallback support
  • Has no rooms, or namespaces. If you want such concepts, you implement them yourself
  • Has no support for anything, you will be the one who implements everything
  • You first have to focus on the technical parts and designing everything that comes and goes from and to your Websockets
  • You have to debug your designs first, and this is going to take you a long time

Obviously, you can see I'm biased to SocketIO. I would love to say so, but I'm really really not.

I'm really fighting not to use SocketIO. I dont wanna use it. I like designing my own stuff and solving my own problems myself. But if you want to have a business and not just a 1000 lines project, and you're going to choose Websockets, you're going to have to implement every single thing yourself. You have to debug everything. You have to make your own subscription service. Your own protocol. Your own everything. And you have to make sure everything is quite sophisticated. And you'll make A LOT of mistakes along the way. You'll spend tons of time designing and debugging everything. I did and still do. I'm using websockets and the reason I'm here is because they're unbearable for a one guy trying to deal with solving business rules for his startup and instead dealing with Websocket designing jargon.

Choosing Websockets for a big application ain't an easy option if you're a one guy army or a small team. I've wrote more code in Websockets than I ever wrote with SocketIO in the past, and all I have to say is ... Choose SocketIO if you want a finished product and design. (unless you want something very simple in functionality)

Check if table exists without using "select from"

After reading all of the above, I prefer the following statement:

SELECT EXISTS(
       SELECT * FROM information_schema.tables 
       WHERE table_schema = 'db' 
       AND table_name = 'table'
);

It indicates exactly what you want to do and it actually returns a 'boolean'.

How do I get the entity that represents the current user in Symfony2?

$this->container->get('security.token_storage')->getToken()->getUser();

How do I set the default font size in Vim?

Add Regular to syntax and use gfn:

set gfn= Monospace\ Regular:h13

How to get the width and height of an android.widget.ImageView?

I could get image width and height by its drawable;

int width = imgView.getDrawable().getIntrinsicWidth();
int height = imgView.getDrawable().getIntrinsicHeight();

How to check if anonymous object has a method?

What do you mean by an "anonymous object?" myObj is not anonymous since you've assigned an object literal to a variable. You can just test this:

if (typeof myObj.prop2 === 'function')
{
    // do whatever
}

Android - Launcher Icon Size

You can create icons directly in the android studio itself.The Steps you need to follow are:

1.Right click on Res->New->Image asset

2.CHange asset type to image.

3.Load the image from the local disk

4.You have options to trim,change padding and add background also.Change the values if you need.

5.click Next->Finish.

The image wil be automatically added to mipmap-mdpi,mipmap-hdpi,mipmap-xhdpi,mipmap-xxhdpi,mipmap-xxxhdpi if you select launcher icon or drawable-mdpi,drawable-hdpi,drawable-xhdpi,drawable-xxhdpi,drawable-xxxhdpi ifyou select other icon optins.

How can I center a div within another div?

I have used the following method in a few projects:

https://jsfiddle.net/u3Ln0hm4/

.cellcenterparent{
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: table;
}

.cellcentercontent{
  display: table-cell;
  vertical-align: middle;
  text-align: center;
}

Regex to split a CSV

I personally tried many RegEx expressions without having found the perfect one that match all cases.

I think that regular expressions is hard to configure properly to match all cases properly. Although few persons will not like the namespace (and I was part of them), I propose something that is part of the .Net framework and give me proper results all the times in all cases (mainly managing every double quotes cases very well):

Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO.TextFieldParser

Found it here: StackOverflow

Example of usage:

TextReader textReader = new StringReader(simBaseCaseScenario.GetSimStudy().Study.FilesToDeleteWhenComplete);
Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO.TextFieldParser textFieldParser = new TextFieldParser(textReader);
textFieldParser.SetDelimiters(new string[] { ";" });
string[] fields = textFieldParser.ReadFields();
foreach (string path in fields)
{
    ...

Hope it could help.

Beginner question: returning a boolean value from a function in Python

Ignoring the refactoring issues, you need to understand functions and return values. You don't need a global at all. Ever. You can do this:

def rps():
    # Code to determine if player wins
    if player_wins:
        return True

    return False

Then, just assign a value to the variable outside this function like so:

player_wins = rps()

It will be assigned the return value (either True or False) of the function you just called.


After the comments, I decided to add that idiomatically, this would be better expressed thus:

 def rps(): 
     # Code to determine if player wins, assigning a boolean value (True or False)
     # to the variable player_wins.

     return player_wins

 pw = rps()

This assigns the boolean value of player_wins (inside the function) to the pw variable outside the function.

Best way to resolve file path too long exception

On Windows 8.1, using. NET 3.5, I had a similar problem.
Although the name of my file was only 239 characters length when I went to instantiate a FileInfo object with just the file name (without path) occurred an exception of type System. IO.PathTooLongException

2014-01-22 11:10:35 DEBUG LogicalDOCOutlookAddIn.LogicalDOCAddIn - fileName.Length: 239 
2014-01-22 11:10:35 ERROR LogicalDOCOutlookAddIn.LogicalDOCAddIn - Exception in ImportEmail System.IO.PathTooLongException: Percorso e/o nome di file specificato troppo lungo. Il nome di file completo deve contenere meno di 260 caratteri, mentre il nome di directory deve contenere meno di 248 caratteri.
   in System.IO.Path.NormalizePathFast(String path, Boolean fullCheck)
   in System.IO.FileInfo..ctor(String fileName)
   in LogicalDOCOutlookAddIn.LogicalDOCAddIn.GetTempFilePath(String fileName) in C:\Users\alle\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\MyAddin1Outlook20072010\MyAddin1Outlook20072010\LogicalDOCAddIn.cs:riga 692
   in LogicalDOCOutlookAddIn.LogicalDOCAddIn.ImportEmail(_MailItem mailItem, OutlookConfigXML configXML, Int64 targetFolderID, String SID) in C:\Users\alle\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\MyAddin1Outlook20072010\MyAddin1Outlook20072010\LogicalDOCAddIn.cs:riga 857
   in LogicalDOCOutlookAddIn.LogicalDOCAddIn.ImportEmails(Explorers explorers, OutlookConfigXML configXML, Int64 targetFolderID, Boolean suppressResultMB) in C:\Users\alle\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\MyAddin1Outlook20072010\MyAddin1Outlook20072010\LogicalDOCAddIn.cs:riga 99

I resolved the problem trimming the file name to 204 characters (extension included).

Angular CLI - Please add a @NgModule annotation when using latest

The problem is the import of ProjectsListComponent in your ProjectsModule. You should not import that, but add it to the export array, if you want to use it outside of your ProjectsModule.

Other issues are your project routes. You should add these to an exportable variable, otherwise it's not AOT compatible. And you should -never- import the BrowserModule anywhere else but in your AppModule. Use the CommonModule to get access to the *ngIf, *ngFor...etc directives:

@NgModule({
  declarations: [
     ProjectsListComponent
  ],
  imports: [
    CommonModule,
    RouterModule.forChild(ProjectRoutes)
  ],
  exports: [
     ProjectsListComponent
  ]
})

export class ProjectsModule {}

project.routes.ts

export const ProjectRoutes: Routes = [
      { path: 'projects', component: ProjectsListComponent }
]

Receive result from DialogFragment

Well its too late may be to answer but here is what i did to get results back from the DialogFragment. very similar to @brandon's answer. Here i am calling DialogFragment from a fragment, just place this code where you are calling your dialog.

FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
            categoryDialog.setTargetFragment(this,1);
            categoryDialog.show(fragmentManager, "dialog");

where categoryDialog is my DialogFragment which i want to call and after this in your implementation of dialogfragment place this code where you are setting your data in intent. The value of resultCode is 1 you can set it or use system Defined.

            Intent intent = new Intent();
            intent.putExtra("listdata", stringData);
            getTargetFragment().onActivityResult(getTargetRequestCode(), resultCode, intent);
            getDialog().dismiss();

now its time to get back to to the calling fragment and implement this method. check for data validity or result success if you want with resultCode and requestCode in if condition.

 @Override
    public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);        
        //do what ever you want here, and get the result from intent like below
        String myData = data.getStringExtra("listdata");
Toast.makeText(getActivity(),data.getStringExtra("listdata"),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

How do I get a platform-dependent new line character?

You can use

System.getProperty("line.separator");

to get the line separator

What are the complexity guarantees of the standard containers?

I'm not aware of anything like a single table that lets you compare all of them in at one glance (I'm not sure such a table would even be feasible).

Of course the ISO standard document enumerates the complexity requirements in detail, sometimes in various rather readable tables, other times in less readable bullet points for each specific method.

Also the STL library reference at http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/stl/ provides the complexity requirements where appropriate.

pandas three-way joining multiple dataframes on columns

Simple Solution:

If the column names are similar:

 df1.merge(df2,on='col_name').merge(df3,on='col_name')

If the column names are different:

df1.merge(df2,left_on='col_name1', right_on='col_name2').merge(df3,left_on='col_name1', right_on='col_name3').drop(columns=['col_name2', 'col_name3']).rename(columns={'col_name1':'col_name'})

How to improve a case statement that uses two columns

Just change your syntax ever so slightly:

CASE WHEN STATE = 2 AND RetailerProcessType = 1 THEN '"AUTHORISED"'
     WHEN STATE = 1 AND RetailerProcessType = 2 THEN '"PENDING"'
     WHEN STATE = 2 AND RetailerProcessType = 2 THEN '"AUTHORISED"'
     ELSE '"DECLINED"'
END

If you don't put the field expression before the CASE statement, you can put pretty much any fields and comparisons in there that you want. It's a more flexible method but has slightly more verbose syntax.

ssh : Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-with-mic)

Maybe you should assign the public key to the authorized_keys, the simple way to do this is using ssh-copy-id -i your-pub-key-file user@dest.

How do I prompt for Yes/No/Cancel input in a Linux shell script?

I suggest you use dialog...

Linux Apprentice: Improve Bash Shell Scripts Using Dialog

The dialog command enables the use of window boxes in shell scripts to make their use more interactive.

it's simple and easy to use, there's also a gnome version called gdialog that takes the exact same parameters, but shows it GUI style on X.

Ternary operator in AngularJS templates

There it is : ternary operator got added to angular parser in 1.1.5! see the changelog

Here is a fiddle showing new ternary operator used in ng-class directive.

ng-class="boolForTernary ? 'blue' : 'red'"

Getting input values from text box

Remove the id="pass" off the td element. Right now the js will get the td element instead of the input hence the value is undefined.

What does collation mean?

Besides the "accented letters are sorted differently than unaccented ones" in some Western European languages, you must take into account the groups of letters, which sometimes are sorted differently, also.

Traditionally, in Spanish, "ch" was considered a letter in its own right, same with "ll" (both of which represent a single phoneme), so a list would get sorted like this:

  • caballo
  • cinco
  • coche
  • charco
  • chocolate
  • chueco
  • dado
  • (...)
  • lámpara
  • luego
  • llanta
  • lluvia
  • madera

Notice all the words starting with single c go together, except words starting with ch which go after them, same with ll-starting words which go after all the words starting with a single l. This is the ordering you'll see in old dictionaries and encyclopedias, sometimes even today by very conservative organizations.

The Royal Academy of the Language changed this to make it easier for Spanish to be accomodated in the computing world. Nevertheless, ñ is still considered a different letter than n and goes after it, and before o. So this is a correctly ordered list:

  • Namibia
  • número
  • ñandú
  • ñú
  • obra
  • ojo

By selecting the correct collation, you get all this done for you, automatically :-)

Global variables in header file

You should not define global variables in header files. You can declare them as extern in header file and define them in a .c source file.

(Note: In C, int i; is a tentative definition, it allocates storage for the variable (= is a definition) if there is no other definition found for that variable in the translation unit.)

What languages are Windows, Mac OS X and Linux written in?

Linux: C. Some parts in assembly.

[...] It's mostly in C, but most people wouldn't call what I write C. It uses every conceivable feature of the 386 I could find, as it was also a project to teach me about the 386. As already mentioned, it uses a MMU, for both paging (not to disk yet) and segmentation. It's the segmentation that makes it REALLY 386 dependent (every task has a 64Mb segment for code & data - max 64 tasks in 4Gb. Anybody who needs more than 64Mb/task - tough cookies). [...] Some of my "C"-files (specifically mm.c) are almost as much assembler as C. [...] Unlike minix, I also happen to LIKE interrupts, so interrupts are handled without trying to hide the reason behind them. (Source)

Mac OS X: Cocoa mostly in Objective-C. Kernel written in C, some parts in assembly.

Mac OS X, at the kernel layer, is mostly an older, free operating system called BSD (specifically, it’s Darwin, a sort of hybrid of BSD, Mach, and a few other things)... almost entirely C, with a bit of assembler thrown in. (Source)

Much of Cocoa is implemented in Objective-C, an object-oriented language that is compiled to run at incredible speed, yet employes a truly dynamic runtime making it uniquely flexible. Because Objective-C is a superset of C, it is easy to mix C and even C++ into your Cocoa applications. (Source)

Windows: C, C++, C#. Some parts in assembler.

We use almost entirely C, C++, and C# for Windows. Some areas of code are hand tuned/hand written assembly. (Source)

Unix: C. Some parts in assembly. (Source)

Embed an External Page Without an Iframe?

Why not use PHP! It's all server side:

<?php print file_get_contents("http://foo.com")?>

If you own both sites, you may need to ok this transaction with full declaration of headers at the server end. Works beautifully.

Why does CSS not support negative padding?

You asked WHY, not how to cheat it:

Usually because of laziness of programmers of the initial implementation, because they HAVE already put way more effort in other features, delivering more odd side-effects like floats, because they were more requested by designers back then and yet they haven't taken the time to allow this so we can use the FOUR properties to push/pull an element against its neighbors (now we only have four to push, and only 2 to pull).

When html was designed, magazines loved text reflown around images back then, now hated because today we have touch trends, and love squary things with lots of space and nothing to read. That's why they put more pressure on floats than on centering, or they could have designed something like margin-top: fill; or margin: average 0; to simply align the content to the bottom, or distribute its extra space around.

In this case I think it hasn't been implemented because of the same reason that makes CSS to lack of a :parent pseudo-selector: To prevent looping evaluations.

Without being an engineer, I can see that CSS right now is made to paint elements once, remember some properties for future elements to be painted, but NEVER going back to already-painted elements.

That's why (I guess) padding is calculated on the width, because that's the value that was available at the time of starting to paint it.

If you had a negative value for padding, it would affect the outer limits, which has ALREADY been defined when the margin has already been set. I know, nothing has been painted yet, but when you read how the painting process goes, created by geniuses with 90's technology, I feel like I am asking dumb questions and just say "thanks" hehe.

One of the requirements of web pages is that they are quickly available, unlike an app that can take its time and eat the computer resources to get everything correct before displaying it, web pages need to use little resources (so they are fit in every device possible) and be scrolled in a breeze.

If you see applications with complex reflowing and positioning, like InDesign, you can't scroll that fast! It takes a big effort both from processors and graphic card to jump to next pages!

So painting and calculating forward and forgetting about an element once drawn, for now it seems to be a MUST.

Converting a string to a date in a cell

Have you tried the =DateValue() function?

To include time value, just add the functions together:

=DateValue(A1)+TimeValue(A1)

Generate random numbers uniformly over an entire range

[edit] Warning: Do not use rand() for statistics, simulation, cryptography or anything serious.

It's good enough to make numbers look random for a typical human in a hurry, no more.

See @Jefffrey's reply for better options, or this answer for crypto-secure random numbers.


Generally, the high bits show a better distribution than the low bits, so the recommended way to generate random numbers of a range for simple purposes is:

((double) rand() / (RAND_MAX+1)) * (max-min+1) + min

Note: make sure RAND_MAX+1 does not overflow (thanks Demi)!

The division generates a random number in the interval [0, 1); "stretch" this to the required range. Only when max-min+1 gets close to RAND_MAX you need a "BigRand()" function like posted by Mark Ransom.

This also avoids some slicing problems due to the modulo, which can worsen your numbers even more.


The built-in random number generator isn't guaranteed to have a the quality required for statistical simulations. It is OK for numbers to "look random" to a human, but for a serious application, you should take something better - or at least check its properties (uniform distribution is usually good, but values tend to correlate, and the sequence is deterministic). Knuth has an excellent (if hard-to-read) treatise on random number generators, and I recently found LFSR to be excellent and darn simple to implement, given its properties are OK for you.

Cannot read property 'getContext' of null, using canvas

You just need to put<script src='./javascript/game.js'></script> after your <canvas>. Because the browser don't find your javascript file before the canvas

Recommended SQL database design for tags or tagging

I would suggest following design : Item Table: Itemid, taglist1, taglist2
this will be fast and make easy saving and retrieving the data at item level.

In parallel build another table: Tags tag do not make tag unique identifier and if you run out of space in 2nd column which contains lets say 100 items create another row.

Now while searching for items for a tag it will be super fast.

How to run mysql command on bash?

I have written a shell script which will read data from properties file and then run mysql script on shell script. sharing this may help to others.

#!/bin/bash
    PROPERTY_FILE=filename.properties

    function getProperty {
       PROP_KEY=$1
       PROP_VALUE=`cat $PROPERTY_FILE | grep "$PROP_KEY" | cut -d'=' -f2`
       echo $PROP_VALUE
    }

    echo "# Reading property from $PROPERTY_FILE"
    DB_USER=$(getProperty "db.username")
    DB_PASS=$(getProperty "db.password")
    ROOT_LOC=$(getProperty "root.location")
    echo $DB_USER
    echo $DB_PASS
    echo $ROOT_LOC
    echo "Writing on DB ... "
    mysql -u$DB_USER -p$DB_PASS dbname<<EOFMYSQL

    update tablename set tablename.value_ = "$ROOT_LOC" where tablename.name_="Root directory location";
    EOFMYSQL
    echo "Writing root location($ROOT_LOC) is done ... "
    counter=`mysql -u${DB_USER} -p${DB_PASS} dbname -e "select count(*) from tablename where tablename.name_='Root directory location' and tablename.value_ = '$ROOT_LOC';" | grep -v "count"`;

    if [ "$counter" = "1" ]
    then
    echo "ROOT location updated"
    fi

What are the sizes used for the iOS application splash screen?

You can make them 1024 x 768. You can also check "Status bar is initially hidden" in the plist file.

Foreign Key Django Model

I would advise, it is slightly better practise to use string model references for ForeignKey relationships if utilising an app based approach to seperation of logical concerns .

So, expanding on Martijn Pieters' answer:

class Person(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    birthday = models.DateField()
    anniversary = models.ForeignKey(
        'app_label.Anniversary', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    address = models.ForeignKey(
        'app_label.Address', on_delete=models.CASCADE)

class Address(models.Model):
    line1 = models.CharField(max_length=150)
    line2 = models.CharField(max_length=150)
    postalcode = models.CharField(max_length=10)
    city = models.CharField(max_length=150)
    country = models.CharField(max_length=150)

class Anniversary(models.Model):
    date = models.DateField()

How do I enter a multi-line comment in Perl?

POD is the official way to do multi line comments in Perl,

From faq.perl.org[perlfaq7]

The quick-and-dirty way to comment out more than one line of Perl is to surround those lines with Pod directives. You have to put these directives at the beginning of the line and somewhere where Perl expects a new statement (so not in the middle of statements like the # comments). You end the comment with =cut, ending the Pod section:

=pod

my $object = NotGonnaHappen->new();

ignored_sub();

$wont_be_assigned = 37;

=cut

The quick-and-dirty method only works well when you don't plan to leave the commented code in the source. If a Pod parser comes along, your multiline comment is going to show up in the Pod translation. A better way hides it from Pod parsers as well.

The =begin directive can mark a section for a particular purpose. If the Pod parser doesn't want to handle it, it just ignores it. Label the comments with comment. End the comment using =end with the same label. You still need the =cut to go back to Perl code from the Pod comment:

=begin comment

my $object = NotGonnaHappen->new();

ignored_sub();

$wont_be_assigned = 37;

=end comment

=cut

Call removeView() on the child's parent first

Here is my solution.

Lets say you have two TextViews and put them on a LinearLayout (named ll). You'll put this LinerLayout on another LinerLayout.

< lm Linear Layout> 
       < ll Linear Layout> 
             <name Text view>
             </name Text view>
             <surname Text view>
             </surname Text view>
       </ll Linear Layout> 
</lm Linear Layout> 

When you want to create this structure you need to give parent as inheritance.

If you want use it in an onCreate method this will enough.

Otherwise here is solition:

LinerLayout lm = new LinearLayout(this); // You can use getApplicationContext() also
LinerLayout ll = new LinearLayout(lm.getContext());
TextView name = new TextView(ll.getContext());
TextView surname = new TextView(ll.getContext());

How to shut down the computer from C#

Just to add to Pop Catalin's answer, here's a one liner which shuts down the computer without displaying any windows:

Process.Start(new ProcessStartInfo("shutdown", "/s /t 0") {
  CreateNoWindow = true, UseShellExecute = false
});

How to serve up a JSON response using Go?

Other users commenting that the Content-Type is plain/text when encoding. You have to set the Content-Type first w.Header().Set, then the HTTP response code w.WriteHeader.

If you call w.WriteHeader first then call w.Header().Set after you will get plain/text.

An example handler might look like this;

func SomeHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    data := SomeStruct{}
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    w.WriteHeader(http.StatusCreated)
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(data)
}

AJAX POST and Plus Sign ( + ) -- How to Encode?

In JavaScript try:

encodeURIComponent() 

and in PHP:

urldecode($_POST['field']);

To show a new Form on click of a button in C#

Try this:

private void Button1_Click(Object sender, EventArgs e ) 
{
   var myForm = new Form1();
   myForm.Show();
}

Remove characters from NSString?

You could use:

NSString *stringWithoutSpaces = [myString 
   stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];

Using C++ filestreams (fstream), how can you determine the size of a file?

Don't use tellg to determine the exact size of the file. The length determined by tellg will be larger than the number of characters can be read from the file.

From stackoverflow question tellg() function give wrong size of file? tellg does not report the size of the file, nor the offset from the beginning in bytes. It reports a token value which can later be used to seek to the same place, and nothing more. (It's not even guaranteed that you can convert the type to an integral type.). For Windows (and most non-Unix systems), in text mode, there is no direct and immediate mapping between what tellg returns and the number of bytes you must read to get to that position.

If it is important to know exactly how many bytes you can read, the only way of reliably doing so is by reading. You should be able to do this with something like:

#include <fstream>
#include <limits>

ifstream file;
file.open(name,std::ios::in|std::ios::binary);
file.ignore( std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max() );
std::streamsize length = file.gcount();
file.clear();   //  Since ignore will have set eof.
file.seekg( 0, std::ios_base::beg );

Website screenshots

It all depends on how you wish to take the screenshot.

You could do this via PHP, using a webservice to get the image for you

grabz.it has a webservice to do just this, here's an article showing a simple example of using the service.

http://www.phpbuilder.com/articles/news-reviews/miscellaneous/capture-screenshots-in-php-with-grabzit-120524022959.html

How do I center this form in css?

You can try

form {
    margin-left: 25%;
    margin-right:25%;
    width: 50%;
}

Or

form {
    margin-left: 15%;
    margin-right:15%;
    width: 70%;
}

How can I get the baseurl of site?

This works for me.

Request.Url.OriginalString.Replace(Request.Url.PathAndQuery, "") + Request.ApplicationPath;
  • Request.Url.OriginalString: return the complete path same as browser showing.
  • Request.Url.PathAndQuery: return the (complete path) - (domain name + PORT).
  • Request.ApplicationPath: return "/" on hosted server and "application name" on local IIS deploy.

So if you want to access your domain name do consider to include the application name in case of:

  1. IIS deployment
  2. If your application deployed on the sub-domain.

====================================

For the dev.x.us/web

it return this strong text

Java: how to represent graphs?

Adjacency List implementation of Graph is appropriate for solving most of the graph related problems.

Java implementation of the same is here on my blog.

How can I find the number of days between two Date objects in Ruby?

How about this?

(beginDate...endDate).count

The Range is a set of unique serials. And ... is an exclusive Range literal.

So beginDate..(endDate - 1) is same. Except is not.

In case when beginDate equals endDate, first element will be excluded because of uniqueness and ... will exclude last one. So if we want to .count dates between today and today it will return 0.

git clone: Authentication failed for <URL>

In case someone is facing this issue with Azure DevOps, there the fix is very easy, just adding Git credentials to a repository.

enter image description here

Sleep function in C++

Recently I was learning about chrono library and thought of implementing a sleep function on my own. Here is the code,

#include <cmath>
#include <chrono>

template <typename rep = std::chrono::seconds::rep, 
          typename period = std::chrono::seconds::period>
void sleep(std::chrono::duration<rep, period> sec)
{
    using sleep_duration = std::chrono::duration<long double, std::nano>;

    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();

    long double elapsed_time = 
    std::chrono::duration_cast<sleep_duration>(end - start).count();

    long double sleep_time = 
    std::chrono::duration_cast<sleep_duration>(sec).count();

    while (std::isgreater(sleep_time, elapsed_time)) {
        end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
        elapsed_time = std::chrono::duration_cast<sleep_duration>(end - start).count(); 
    }
}

We can use it with any std::chrono::duration type (By default it takes std::chrono::seconds as argument). For example,

#include <cmath>
#include <chrono>

template <typename rep = std::chrono::seconds::rep, 
          typename period = std::chrono::seconds::period>
void sleep(std::chrono::duration<rep, period> sec)
{
    using sleep_duration = std::chrono::duration<long double, std::nano>;

    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();

    long double elapsed_time = 
    std::chrono::duration_cast<sleep_duration>(end - start).count();

    long double sleep_time = 
    std::chrono::duration_cast<sleep_duration>(sec).count();

    while (std::isgreater(sleep_time, elapsed_time)) {
        end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
        elapsed_time = std::chrono::duration_cast<sleep_duration>(end - start).count(); 
    }
}

using namespace std::chrono_literals;
int main (void) {
    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point start1 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
    
    sleep(5s);  // sleep for 5 seconds
    
    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point end1 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
    
    std::cout << std::setprecision(9) << std::fixed;
    std::cout << "Elapsed time was: " << std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(end1-start1).count() << "s\n";
    
    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point start2 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();

    sleep(500000ns);  // sleep for 500000 nano seconds/500 micro seconds
    // same as writing: sleep(500us)
    
    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point end2 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
    
    std::cout << "Elapsed time was: " << std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(end2-start2).count() << "us\n";
    return 0;
}

For more information, visit https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/header/chrono and see this cppcon talk of Howard Hinnant, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P32hvk8b13M. He has two more talks on chrono library. And you can always use the library function, std::this_thread::sleep_for

Note: Outputs may not be accurate. So, don't expect it to give exact timings.

Generating random strings with T-SQL

I did this in SQL 2000 by creating a table that had characters I wanted to use, creating a view that selects characters from that table ordering by newid(), and then selecting the top 1 character from that view.

CREATE VIEW dbo.vwCodeCharRandom
AS
SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT 
    CodeChar
FROM dbo.tblCharacter
ORDER BY 
    NEWID()

...

SELECT TOP 1 CodeChar FROM dbo.vwCodeCharRandom

Then you can simply pull characters from the view and concatenate them as needed.

EDIT: Inspired by Stephan's response...

select top 1 RandomChar from tblRandomCharacters order by newid()

No need for a view (in fact I'm not sure why I did that - the code's from several years back). You can still specify the characters you want to use in the table.

Populating VBA dynamic arrays

I see many (all) posts above relying on LBound/UBound calls upon yet potentially uninitialized VBA dynamic array, what causes application's inevitable death ...

Erratic code:

Dim x As Long Dim arr1() As SomeType ... x = UBound(arr1) 'crashes

Correct code:

Dim x As Long Dim arr1() As SomeType ... ReDim Preserve arr1(0 To 0) ... x = UBound(arr1)

... i.e. any code where Dim arr1() is followed immediatelly by LBound(arr1)/UBound(arr1) calls without ReDim arr1(...) in between, crashes. The roundabout is to employ an On Error Resume Next and check the Err.Number right after the LBound(arr1)/UBound(arr1) call - it should be 0 if the array is initialized, otherwise non-zero. As there is some VBA built-in misbehavior, the further check of array's limits is needed. Detailed explanation may everybody read at Chip Pearson's website (which should be celebrated as a Mankind Treasure Of VBA Wisdom ...)

Heh, that's my first post, believe it is legible.

Unable to start debugging on the web server. Could not start ASP.NET debugging VS 2010, II7, Win 7 x64

I had this problem and eventually realized that I ASP.net is not registered properly with IIS. This can happen when IIS server is installed before Visual Studio. To fix this issue, use the command aspnet_regiis -i Further information can be found in the link

How can I write output from a unit test?

Are you sure you're running your unit tests in Debug? Debug.WriteLine won't be called in Release builds.

Two options to try are:

  • Trace.WriteLine(), which is built into release builds as well as debug

  • Undefine DEBUG in your build settings for the unit test

Sleep function in Windows, using C

Use:

#include <windows.h>

Sleep(sometime_in_millisecs); // Note uppercase S

And here's a small example that compiles with MinGW and does what it says on the tin:

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    printf( "starting to sleep...\n" );
    Sleep(3000); // Sleep three seconds
    printf("sleep ended\n");
}

how to convert java string to Date object

    try 
    {  
      String datestr="06/27/2007";
      DateFormat formatter; 
      Date date; 
      formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("MM/dd/yyyy");
      date = (Date)formatter.parse(datestr);  
    } 
    catch (Exception e)
    {}

month is MM, minutes is mm..

Writing binary number system in C code

Prefix you literal with 0b like in

int i = 0b11111111;

See here.

How can you integrate a custom file browser/uploader with CKEditor?

I just went through the learning process myself. I figured it out, but I agree the documentation is written in a way that was sorta intimidating to me. The big "aha" moment for me was understanding that for browsing, all CKeditor does is open a new window and provide a few parameters in the url. It allows you to add additional parameters but be advised you will need to use encodeURIComponent() on your values.

I call the browser and the uploader with

CKEDITOR.replace( 'body',  
{  
    filebrowserBrowseUrl: 'browse.php?type=Images&dir=' +  
        encodeURIComponent('content/images'),  
    filebrowserUploadUrl: 'upload.php?type=Files&dir=' +  
        encodeURIComponent('content/images')  
}

For the browser, in the open window (browse.php) you use php & js to supply a list of choices and then upon your supplied onclick handler, you call a CKeditor function with two arguments, the url/path to the selected image and CKEditorFuncNum supplied by CKeditor in the url:

function myOnclickHandler(){  
//..    
    window.opener.CKEDITOR.tools.callFunction(<?php echo $_GET['CKEditorFuncNum']; ?>, pathToImage);  
    window.close();
}       

Simarly, the uploader simply calls the url you supply, e.g., upload.php, and again supplies $_GET['CKEditorFuncNum']. The target is an iframe so, after you save the file from $_FILES you pass your feedback to CKeditor as thus:

$funcNum = $_GET['CKEditorFuncNum'];  
exit("<script>window.parent.CKEDITOR.tools.callFunction($funcNum, '$filePath', '$errorMessage');</script>");  

Below is a simple to understand custom browser script. While it does not allow users to navigate around in the server, it does allow you to indicate which directory to pull image files from when calling the browser.

It's all rather basic coding so it should work in all relatively modern browsers.

CKeditor merely opens a new window with the url provided

/*          
    in CKeditor **use encodeURIComponent()** to add dir param to the filebrowserBrowseUrl property

    Replace content/images with directory where your images are housed.
*/          
        CKEDITOR.replace( 'editor1', {  
            filebrowserBrowseUrl: '**browse.php**?type=Images&dir=' + encodeURIComponent('content/images'),  
            filebrowserUploadUrl: 'upload.php?type=Files&dir=' + encodeURIComponent('content/images') 
        });   

// ========= complete code below for browse.php

<?php  
header("Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8\n");  
header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate\n");  
header("Expires: Sat, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT");  

// e-z params  
$dim = 150;         /* image displays proportionally within this square dimension ) */  
$cols = 4;          /* thumbnails per row */
$thumIndicator = '_th'; /* e.g., *image123_th.jpg*) -> if not using thumbNails then use empty string */  
?>  
<!DOCTYPE html>  
<html>  
<head>  
    <title>browse file</title>  
    <meta charset="utf-8">  

    <style>  
        html,  
        body {padding:0; margin:0; background:black; }  
        table {width:100%; border-spacing:15px; }  
        td {text-align:center; padding:5px; background:#181818; }  
        img {border:5px solid #303030; padding:0; verticle-align: middle;}  
        img:hover { border-color:blue; cursor:pointer; }  
    </style>  

</head>  


<body>  

<table>  

<?php  

$dir = $_GET['dir'];    

$dir = rtrim($dir, '/'); // the script will add the ending slash when appropriate  

$files = scandir($dir);  

$images = array();  

foreach($files as $file){  
    // filter for thumbNail image files (use an empty string for $thumIndicator if not using thumbnails )
    if( !preg_match('/'. $thumIndicator .'\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$/i', $file) )  
        continue;  

    $thumbSrc = $dir . '/' . $file;  
    $fileBaseName = str_replace('_th.','.',$file);  

    $image_info = getimagesize($thumbSrc);  
    $_w = $image_info[0];  
    $_h = $image_info[1]; 

    if( $_w > $_h ) {       // $a is the longer side and $b is the shorter side
        $a = $_w;  
        $b = $_h;  
    } else {  
        $a = $_h;  
        $b = $_w;  
    }     

    $pct = $b / $a;     // the shorter sides relationship to the longer side

    if( $a > $dim )   
        $a = $dim;      // limit the longer side to the dimension specified

    $b = (int)($a * $pct);  // calculate the shorter side

    $width =    $_w > $_h ? $a : $b;  
    $height =   $_w > $_h ? $b : $a;  

    // produce an image tag
    $str = sprintf('<img src="%s" width="%d" height="%d" title="%s" alt="">',   
        $thumbSrc,  
        $width,  
        $height,  
        $fileBaseName  
    );  

    // save image tags in an array
    $images[] = str_replace("'", "\\'", $str); // an unescaped apostrophe would break js  

}

$numRows = floor( count($images) / $cols );  

// if there are any images left over then add another row
if( count($images) % $cols != 0 )  
    $numRows++;  


// produce the correct number of table rows with empty cells
for($i=0; $i<$numRows; $i++)   
    echo "\t<tr>" . implode('', array_fill(0, $cols, '<td></td>')) . "</tr>\n\n";  

?>  
</table>  


<script>  

// make a js array from the php array
images = [  
<?php   

foreach( $images as $v)  
    echo sprintf("\t'%s',\n", $v);  

?>];  

tbl = document.getElementsByTagName('table')[0];  

td = tbl.getElementsByTagName('td');  

// fill the empty table cells with data
for(var i=0; i < images.length; i++)  
    td[i].innerHTML = images[i];  


// event handler to place clicked image into CKeditor
tbl.onclick =   

    function(e) {  

        var tgt = e.target || event.srcElement,  
            url;  

        if( tgt.nodeName != 'IMG' )  
            return;  

        url = '<?php echo $dir;?>' + '/' + tgt.title;  

        this.onclick = null;  

        window.opener.CKEDITOR.tools.callFunction(<?php echo $_GET['CKEditorFuncNum']; ?>, url);  

        window.close();  
    }  
</script>  
</body>  
</html>            

What size should TabBar images be?

Thumbs up first before use codes please!!! Create an image that fully cover the whole tab bar item for each item. This is needed to use the image you created as a tab bar item button. Be sure to make the height/width ratio be the same of each tab bar item too. Then:

UITabBarController *tabBarController = (UITabBarController *)self;
UITabBar *tabBar = tabBarController.tabBar;
UITabBarItem *tabBarItem1 = [tabBar.items objectAtIndex:0];
UITabBarItem *tabBarItem2 = [tabBar.items objectAtIndex:1];
UITabBarItem *tabBarItem3 = [tabBar.items objectAtIndex:2];
UITabBarItem *tabBarItem4 = [tabBar.items objectAtIndex:3];

int x,y;

x = tabBar.frame.size.width/4 + 4; //when doing division, it may be rounded so that you need to add 1 to each item; 
y = tabBar.frame.size.height + 10; //the height return always shorter, this is compensated by added by 10; you can change the value if u like.

//because the whole tab bar item will be replaced by an image, u dont need title
tabBarItem1.title = @"";
tabBarItem2.title = @"";
tabBarItem3.title = @"";
tabBarItem4.title = @"";

[tabBarItem1 setFinishedSelectedImage:[self imageWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"item1-select.png"] scaledToSize:CGSizeMake(x, y)] withFinishedUnselectedImage:[self imageWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"item1-deselect.png"] scaledToSize:CGSizeMake(x, y)]];//do the same thing for the other 3 bar item

How can a web application send push notifications to iOS devices?

You can use HTML5 Websockets to introduce your own push messages. From Wikipedia:

"For the client side, WebSocket was to be implemented in Firefox 4, Google Chrome 4, Opera 11, and Safari 5, as well as the mobile version of Safari in iOS 4.2. Also the BlackBerry Browser in OS7 supports WebSockets."

To do this, you need your own provider server to push the messages to the clients.
If you want to use APN (Apple Push Notification) or C2DM (Cloud to Device Message), you must have a native application which must be downloaded through the online store.

View a specific Git commit

git show <revhash>

Documentation here. Or if that doesn't work, try Google Code's GIT Documentation

Abort trap 6 error in C

You are writing to memory you do not own:

int board[2][50]; //make an array with 3 columns  (wrong)
                  //(actually makes an array with only two 'columns')
...
for (i=0; i<num3+1; i++)
    board[2][i] = 'O';
          ^

Change this line:

int board[2][50]; //array with 2 columns (legal indices [0-1][0-49])
          ^

To:

int board[3][50]; //array with 3 columns (legal indices [0-2][0-49])
          ^

When creating an array, the value used to initialize: [3] indicates array size.
However, when accessing existing array elements, index values are zero based.

For an array created: int board[3][50];
Legal indices are board[0][0]...board[2][49]

EDIT To address bad output comment and initialization comment

add an additional "\n" for formatting output:

Change:

  ...
  for (k=0; k<50;k++) {
     printf("%d",board[j][k]);
  }
 }

       ...

To:

  ...
  for (k=0; k<50;k++) {
     printf("%d",board[j][k]);
  }
  printf("\n");//at the end of every row, print a new line
}
...  

Initialize board variable:

int board[3][50] = {0};//initialize all elements to zero

( array initialization discussion... )

Can't find android device using "adb devices" command

If you're struggling with such an issue using Lollipop (Android 5.*) probably you guys should do one simple step that I'd done before my ADB (I use Ubuntu) got my phone:

Change USB PC connection type to "Send images(PTP)" (before I've been using "Media device(MTP)")

Just like this:

Screenshot

And don't forget to activate checkbox "USB debugging".

Best way to import Observable from rxjs

One thing I've learnt the hard way is being consistent

Watch out for mixing:

 import { BehaviorSubject } from "rxjs";

with

 import { BehaviorSubject } from "rxjs/BehaviorSubject";

This will probably work just fine UNTIL you try to pass the object to another class (where you did it the other way) and then this can fail

 (myBehaviorSubject instanceof Observable)

It fails because the prototype chain will be different and it will be false.

I can't pretend to understand exactly what is happening but sometimes I run into this and need to change to the longer format.

Not showing placeholder for input type="date" field

As of today (2016), I have successfully used those 2 snippets (plus they work great with Bootstrap4).

Input data on the left, placeholder on the left

input[type=date] {
  text-align: right;
}

input[type="date"]:before {
  color: lightgrey;
  content: attr(placeholder) !important;
  margin-right: 0.5em;
}

Placeholder disappear when clicking

input[type="date"]:before {
  color: lightgrey;
  content: attr(placeholder) !important;
  margin-right: 0.5em;
}
input[type="date"]:focus:before {
  content: '' !important;
}

stop all instances of node.js server

You could also try:

killall nodejs

How to convert milliseconds into human readable form?

Well, since nobody else has stepped up, I'll write the easy code to do this:

x = ms / 1000
seconds = x % 60
x /= 60
minutes = x % 60
x /= 60
hours = x % 24
x /= 24
days = x

I'm just glad you stopped at days and didn't ask for months. :)

Note that in the above, it is assumed that / represents truncating integer division. If you use this code in a language where / represents floating point division, you will need to manually truncate the results of the division as needed.

How to refer to Excel objects in Access VBA?

Inside a module

Option Explicit
dim objExcelApp as Excel.Application
dim wb as Excel.Workbook

sub Initialize()
   set objExcelApp = new Excel.Application
end sub

sub ProcessDataWorkbook()
    dim ws as Worksheet
    set wb = objExcelApp.Workbooks.Open("path to my workbook")
    set ws = wb.Sheets(1)

    ws.Cells(1,1).Value = "Hello"
    ws.Cells(1,2).Value = "World"

    'Close the workbook
    wb.Close
    set wb = Nothing
end sub

sub Release()
   set objExcelApp = Nothing
end sub

Display List in a View MVC

Your action method considers model type asList<string>. But, in your view you are waiting for IEnumerable<Standings.Models.Teams>. You can solve this problem with changing the model in your view to List<string>.

But, the best approach would be to return IEnumerable<Standings.Models.Teams> as a model from your action method. Then you haven't to change model type in your view.

But, in my opinion your models are not correctly implemented. I suggest you to change it as:

public class Team
{
    public int Position { get; set; }
    public string HomeGround {get; set;}
    public string NickName {get; set;}
    public int Founded { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

Then you must change your action method as:

public ActionResult Index()
{
    var model = new List<Team>();

    model.Add(new Team { Name = "MU"});
    model.Add(new Team { Name = "Chelsea"});
    ...

    return View(model);
}

And, your view:

@model IEnumerable<Standings.Models.Team>

@{
     ViewBag.Title = "Standings";
}

@foreach (var item in Model)
{
    <div>
        @item.Name
        <hr />
    </div>
}

I get "Http failure response for (unknown url): 0 Unknown Error" instead of actual error message in Angular

If this is a node service, try the steps outlined here

Basically, it's a Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) error. More information about such errors here.

Once I updated my node service with the following lines it worked:

let express = require("express");
let app = express();

app.use(function(req, res, next) {
    res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
    res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept");    
    next();
  });

How to run Tensorflow on CPU

You could use tf.config.set_visible_devices. One possible function that allows you to set if and which GPUs to use is:

import tensorflow as tf

def set_gpu(gpu_ids_list):
    gpus = tf.config.list_physical_devices('GPU')
    if gpus:
        try:
            gpus_used = [gpus[i] for i in gpu_ids_list]
            tf.config.set_visible_devices(gpus_used, 'GPU')
            logical_gpus = tf.config.experimental.list_logical_devices('GPU')
            print(len(gpus), "Physical GPUs,", len(logical_gpus), "Logical GPU")
        except RuntimeError as e:
            # Visible devices must be set before GPUs have been initialized
            print(e)

Suppose you are on a system with 4 GPUs and you want to use only two GPUs, the one with id = 0 and the one with id = 2, then the first command of your code, immediately after importing the libraries, would be:

set_gpu([0, 2])

In your case, to use only the CPU, you can invoke the function with an empty list:

set_gpu([])

For completeness, if you want to avoid that the runtime initialization will allocate all memory on the device, you can use tf.config.experimental.set_memory_growth. Finally, the function to manage which devices to use, occupying the GPUs memory dynamically, becomes:

import tensorflow as tf

def set_gpu(gpu_ids_list):
    gpus = tf.config.list_physical_devices('GPU')
    if gpus:
        try:
            gpus_used = [gpus[i] for i in gpu_ids_list]
            tf.config.set_visible_devices(gpus_used, 'GPU')
            for gpu in gpus_used:
                tf.config.experimental.set_memory_growth(gpu, True)
            logical_gpus = tf.config.experimental.list_logical_devices('GPU')
            print(len(gpus), "Physical GPUs,", len(logical_gpus), "Logical GPU")
        except RuntimeError as e:
            # Visible devices must be set before GPUs have been initialized
            print(e)

How to split elements of a list?

myList = [i.split('\t')[0] for i in myList] 

Graphical user interface Tutorial in C

My favourite UI tutorials all come from zetcode.com:

These are tutorials I'd consider to be "starting tutorials". The example tutorial gets you up and going, but doesn't show you anything too advanced or give much explanation. Still, often, I find the big problem is "how do I start?" and these have always proved useful to me.

Call break in nested if statements

no it doesnt. break is for loops, not ifs.

nested if statements are just terrible. If you can avoid them, avoid them. Can you rewrite your code to be something like

if (c1 && c2) {
    //sequence 1
} else if (c3 && c2) {
   // sequence 3
}

that way you don't need any control logic to 'break out' of the loop.

Javascript to display the current date and time

To return the client side date you can use the following javascript:

var d = new Date();
var month = d.getMonth()+1;
var date = d.getDate()+"."+month+"."+d.getFullYear();
document.getElementById('date').innerHTML = date;

or in jQuery:

var d = new Date();
var month = d.getMonth()+1;
var date = d.getDate()+"."+month+"."+d.getFullYear();
$('#date').html(date);

equivalent to following PHP:

<?php date("j.n.Y"); ?>

To get equivalent to the following PHP (i.e. leading 0's):

<?php date("d.m.Y"); ?>

JavaScript:

var d = new Date();
var day = d.getDate();
var month = d.getMonth()+1;

if(day < 10){
    day = "0"+d.getDate();
}

if(month < 10){
    month = "0"+eval(d.getMonth()+1);
}

var date = day+"."+month+"."+d.getFullYear();
document.getElementById('date').innerHTML = date;

jQuery:

var d = new Date();
var day = d.getDate();
var month = d.getMonth()+1;

if(day < 10){
    day = "0"+d.getDate();
}

if(month < 10){
    month = "0"+eval(d.getMonth()+1);
}

var date = day+"."+month+"."+d.getFullYear();
$('#date').html(date);

Regex (grep) for multi-line search needed

Your fundamental problem is that grep works one line at a time - so it cannot find a SELECT statement spread across lines.

Your second problem is that the regex you are using doesn't deal with the complexity of what can appear between SELECT and FROM - in particular, it omits commas, full stops (periods) and blanks, but also quotes and anything that can be inside a quoted string.

I would likely go with a Perl-based solution, having Perl read 'paragraphs' at a time and applying a regex to that. The downside is having to deal with the recursive search - there are modules to do that, of course, including the core module File::Find.

In outline, for a single file:

$/ = "\n\n";    # Paragraphs

while (<>)
{
     if ($_ =~ m/SELECT.*customerName.*FROM/mi)
     {
         printf file name
         go to next file
     }
}

That needs to be wrapped into a sub that is then invoked by the methods of File::Find.

How to debug PDO database queries?

You say this :

I never see the final query as it's sent to the database

Well, actually, when using prepared statements, there is no such thing as a "final query" :

  • First, a statement is sent to the DB, and prepared there
    • The database parses the query, and builds an internal representation of it
  • And, when you bind variables and execute the statement, only the variables are sent to the database
    • And the database "injects" the values into its internal representation of the statement


So, to answer your question :

Is there a way capture the complete SQL query sent by PDO to the database and log it to a file?

No : as there is no "complete SQL query" anywhere, there is no way to capture it.


The best thing you can do, for debugging purposes, is "re-construct" an "real" SQL query, by injecting the values into the SQL string of the statement.

What I usually do, in this kind of situations, is :

  • echo the SQL code that corresponds to the statement, with placeholders
  • and use var_dump (or an equivalent) just after, to display the values of the parameters
  • This is generally enough to see a possible error, even if you don't have any "real" query that you can execute.

This is not great, when it comes to debugging -- but that's the price of prepared statements and the advantages they bring.

Search for string within text column in MySQL

You could probably use the LIKE clause to do some simple string matching:

SELECT * FROM items WHERE items.xml LIKE '%123456%'

If you need more advanced functionality, take a look at MySQL's fulltext-search functions here: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/fulltext-search.html

What's sizeof(size_t) on 32-bit vs the various 64-bit data models?

EDIT: Thanks for the comments - I looked it up in the C99 standard, which says in section 6.5.3.4:

The value of the result is implementation-defined, and its type (an unsigned integer type) is size_t, defined in <stddef.h> (and other headers)

So, the size of size_t is not specified, only that it has to be an unsigned integer type. However, an interesting specification can be found in chapter 7.18.3 of the standard:

limit of size_t

SIZE_MAX 65535

Which basically means that, irrespective of the size of size_t, the allowed value range is from 0-65535, the rest is implementation dependent.

how to log in to mysql and query the database from linux terminal

  1. you should use mysql command. It's a command line client for mysql RDBMS, and comes with most mysql installations: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/mysql.html

  2. To stop or start mysql database (you rarely should need doing that 'by hand'), use proper init script with stop or start parameter, usually /etc/init.d/mysql stop. This, however depends on your linux distribution. Some new distributions encourage service mysql start style.

  3. You're logging in by using mysql sql shell.

  4. The error comes probably because double '-p' parameter. You can provide -ppassword or just -p and you'll be asked for password interactively. Also note, that some instalations might use mysql (not root) user as an administrative user. Check your sqlyog configuration to obtain working connection parameters.

"The Controls collection cannot be modified because the control contains code blocks"

The "<%#" databinding technique will not directly work inside <link> tags in the <head> tag:

<head runat="server">

  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" 
        href="css/style.css?v=<%# My.Constants.CSS_VERSION %>" />

</head>

The above code will evaluate to

<head>

  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" 
        href="css/style.css?v=&lt;%# My.Constants.CSS_VERSION %>" />

</head>

Instead, you should do the following (note the two double quotes inside):

<head runat="server">

  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" 
        href="css/style.css?v=<%# "" + My.Constants.CSS_VERSION %>" />

</head>

And you will get the desired result:

<head>

  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css?v=1.5" />

</head>

Send file using POST from a Python script

Yes. You'd use the urllib2 module, and encode using the multipart/form-data content type. Here is some sample code to get you started -- it's a bit more than just file uploading, but you should be able to read through it and see how it works:

user_agent = "image uploader"
default_message = "Image $current of $total"

import logging
import os
from os.path import abspath, isabs, isdir, isfile, join
import random
import string
import sys
import mimetypes
import urllib2
import httplib
import time
import re

def random_string (length):
    return ''.join (random.choice (string.letters) for ii in range (length + 1))

def encode_multipart_data (data, files):
    boundary = random_string (30)

    def get_content_type (filename):
        return mimetypes.guess_type (filename)[0] or 'application/octet-stream'

    def encode_field (field_name):
        return ('--' + boundary,
                'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"' % field_name,
                '', str (data [field_name]))

    def encode_file (field_name):
        filename = files [field_name]
        return ('--' + boundary,
                'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"; filename="%s"' % (field_name, filename),
                'Content-Type: %s' % get_content_type(filename),
                '', open (filename, 'rb').read ())

    lines = []
    for name in data:
        lines.extend (encode_field (name))
    for name in files:
        lines.extend (encode_file (name))
    lines.extend (('--%s--' % boundary, ''))
    body = '\r\n'.join (lines)

    headers = {'content-type': 'multipart/form-data; boundary=' + boundary,
               'content-length': str (len (body))}

    return body, headers

def send_post (url, data, files):
    req = urllib2.Request (url)
    connection = httplib.HTTPConnection (req.get_host ())
    connection.request ('POST', req.get_selector (),
                        *encode_multipart_data (data, files))
    response = connection.getresponse ()
    logging.debug ('response = %s', response.read ())
    logging.debug ('Code: %s %s', response.status, response.reason)

def make_upload_file (server, thread, delay = 15, message = None,
                      username = None, email = None, password = None):

    delay = max (int (delay or '0'), 15)

    def upload_file (path, current, total):
        assert isabs (path)
        assert isfile (path)

        logging.debug ('Uploading %r to %r', path, server)
        message_template = string.Template (message or default_message)

        data = {'MAX_FILE_SIZE': '3145728',
                'sub': '',
                'mode': 'regist',
                'com': message_template.safe_substitute (current = current, total = total),
                'resto': thread,
                'name': username or '',
                'email': email or '',
                'pwd': password or random_string (20),}
        files = {'upfile': path}

        send_post (server, data, files)

        logging.info ('Uploaded %r', path)
        rand_delay = random.randint (delay, delay + 5)
        logging.debug ('Sleeping for %.2f seconds------------------------------\n\n', rand_delay)
        time.sleep (rand_delay)

    return upload_file

def upload_directory (path, upload_file):
    assert isabs (path)
    assert isdir (path)

    matching_filenames = []
    file_matcher = re.compile (r'\.(?:jpe?g|gif|png)$', re.IGNORECASE)

    for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk (path):
        for name in filenames:
            file_path = join (dirpath, name)
            logging.debug ('Testing file_path %r', file_path)
            if file_matcher.search (file_path):
                matching_filenames.append (file_path)
            else:
                logging.info ('Ignoring non-image file %r', path)

    total_count = len (matching_filenames)
    for index, file_path in enumerate (matching_filenames):
        upload_file (file_path, index + 1, total_count)

def run_upload (options, paths):
    upload_file = make_upload_file (**options)

    for arg in paths:
        path = abspath (arg)
        if isdir (path):
            upload_directory (path, upload_file)
        elif isfile (path):
            upload_file (path)
        else:
            logging.error ('No such path: %r' % path)

    logging.info ('Done!')

Enabling HTTPS on express.js

First, you need to create selfsigned.key and selfsigned.crt files. Go to Create a Self-Signed SSL Certificate Or do following steps.

Go to the terminal and run the following command.

sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout ./selfsigned.key -out selfsigned.crt

  • After that put the following information
  • Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: US
  • State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: NY
  • Locality Name (eg, city) []:NY
  • Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: xyz (Your - Organization)
  • Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: xyz (Your Unit Name)
  • Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []: www.xyz.com (Your URL)
  • Email Address []: Your email

After creation adds key & cert file in your code, and pass the options to the server.

const express = require('express');
const https = require('https');
const fs = require('fs');
const port = 3000;

var key = fs.readFileSync(__dirname + '/../certs/selfsigned.key');
var cert = fs.readFileSync(__dirname + '/../certs/selfsigned.crt');
var options = {
  key: key,
  cert: cert
};

app = express()
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
   res.send('Now using https..');
});

var server = https.createServer(options, app);

server.listen(port, () => {
  console.log("server starting on port : " + port)
});
  • Finally run your application using https.

More information https://github.com/sagardere/set-up-SSL-in-nodejs

Find index of a value in an array

int index = -1;
index = words.Any (word => { index++; return word.IsKey; }) ? index : -1;

center image in div with overflow hidden

you the have to corp your image from sides to hide it try this

3 Easy and Fast CSS Techniques for Faux Image Cropping | Css ...

one of the demo for the first way on the site above

try demo

i will do some reading on it too

LINK : fatal error LNK1104: cannot open file 'D:\...\MyProj.exe'

I'm aware this is quite old but I just had the same problem with Visual Studio 2010 all patched up so others may still run into this.

Adding my project path to "Exluded Items" in my AVG anti-virus settings appears to have fixed the problem for me.

Try disabling any anti-virus/resident shield and see if it fixes the problem. If so, add your project path to excluded directories in your AV config.

How do I use an INSERT statement's OUTPUT clause to get the identity value?

You can either have the newly inserted ID being output to the SSMS console like this:

INSERT INTO MyTable(Name, Address, PhoneNo)
OUTPUT INSERTED.ID
VALUES ('Yatrix', '1234 Address Stuff', '1112223333')

You can use this also from e.g. C#, when you need to get the ID back to your calling app - just execute the SQL query with .ExecuteScalar() (instead of .ExecuteNonQuery()) to read the resulting ID back.

Or if you need to capture the newly inserted ID inside T-SQL (e.g. for later further processing), you need to create a table variable:

DECLARE @OutputTbl TABLE (ID INT)

INSERT INTO MyTable(Name, Address, PhoneNo)
OUTPUT INSERTED.ID INTO @OutputTbl(ID)
VALUES ('Yatrix', '1234 Address Stuff', '1112223333')

This way, you can put multiple values into @OutputTbl and do further processing on those. You could also use a "regular" temporary table (#temp) or even a "real" persistent table as your "output target" here.

Pass a local file in to URL in Java

You can also use

[AnyClass].class.getResource(filePath)

MySQL: Insert datetime into other datetime field

Try

    UPDATE products SET former_date=20111218131717 WHERE id=1

Alternatively, you might want to look at using the STR_TO_DATE (see STR_TO_DATE(str,format)) function.

Is it possible to define more than one function per file in MATLAB, and access them from outside that file?

I have try with the SCFRench and with the Ru Hasha on octave.

And finally it works: but I have done some modification

function message = makefuns
    assignin('base','fun1', @fun1);   % Ru Hasha
    assignin('base', 'fun2', @fun2);  % Ru Hasha
    message.fun1=@fun1;               % SCFrench
    message.fun2=@fun2;               % SCFrench
end

function y=fun1(x)
    y=x;
end

function z=fun2
    z=1;
end

Can be called in other 'm' file:

printf("%d\n", makefuns.fun1(123));
printf("%d\n", makefuns.fun2());

update:

I added an answer because neither the +72 nor the +20 worked in octave for me. The one I wrote works perfectly (and I tested it last Friday when I later wrote the post).

Open files in 'rt' and 'wt' modes

t refers to the text mode. There is no difference between r and rt or w and wt since text mode is the default.

Documented here:

Character   Meaning
'r'     open for reading (default)
'w'     open for writing, truncating the file first
'x'     open for exclusive creation, failing if the file already exists
'a'     open for writing, appending to the end of the file if it exists
'b'     binary mode
't'     text mode (default)
'+'     open a disk file for updating (reading and writing)
'U'     universal newlines mode (deprecated)

The default mode is 'r' (open for reading text, synonym of 'rt').

How to get these two divs side-by-side?

Using the style

.child_div_1 {
    float:left
}

How to generate different random numbers in a loop in C++?

The way the function rand() works is that every time you call it, it generates a random number. In your code, you've called it once and stored it into the variable random_x. To get your desired random numbers instead of storing it into a variable, just call the function like this:

for (int t=0;t<10;t++)
{
    cout << "\nRandom X = " << rand() % 100;
}

How to play .mp4 video in videoview in android?

Check the format of the video you are rendering. Rendering of mp4 format started from API level 11 and the format must be mp4(H.264)

I encountered the same problem, I had to convert my video to many formats before I hit the format: Use total video converter to convert the video to mp4. It works like a charm.

Calculating Waiting Time and Turnaround Time in (non-preemptive) FCFS queue

For non-preemptive system,

waitingTime = startTime - arrivalTime

turnaroundTime = burstTime + waitingTime = finishTime- arrivalTime

startTime = Time at which the process started executing

finishTime = Time at which the process finished executing

You can keep track of the current time elapsed in the system(timeElapsed). Assign all processors to a process in the beginning, and execute until the shortest process is done executing. Then assign this processor which is free to the next process in the queue. Do this until the queue is empty and all processes are done executing. Also, whenever a process starts executing, recored its startTime, when finishes, record its finishTime (both same as timeElapsed). That way you can calculate what you need.

What is the difference between i++ and ++i?

int i = 0;
Console.WriteLine(i++); // Prints 0. Then value of "i" becomes 1.
Console.WriteLine(--i); // Value of "i" becomes 0. Then prints 0.

Does this answer your question ?

HTML.ActionLink vs Url.Action in ASP.NET Razor

I used the code below to create a Button and it worked for me.

<input type="button" value="PDF" onclick="location.href='@Url.Action("Export","tblOrder")'"/>

How to execute .sql script file using JDBC

You can read the script line per line with a BufferedReader and append every line to a StringBuilder so that the script becomes one large string.

Then you can create a Statement object using JDBC and call statement.execute(stringBuilder.toString()).

Completely remove MariaDB or MySQL from CentOS 7 or RHEL 7

systemd

sudo systemctl stop mysqld.service && sudo yum remove -y mariadb mariadb-server && sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql /etc/my.cnf

sysvinit

sudo service mysql stop && sudo apt-get remove mariadb mariadb-server && sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql /etc/my.cnf

Unable to set data attribute using jQuery Data() API

Happened the same to me. It turns out that

var data = $("#myObject").data();

gives you a non-writable object. I solved it using:

var data = $.extend({}, $("#myObject").data());

And from then on, data was a standard, writable JS object.

How to make a Python script run like a service or daemon in Linux

You can also make the python script run as a service using a shell script. First create a shell script to run the python script like this (scriptname arbitary name)

#!/bin/sh
script='/home/.. full path to script'
/usr/bin/python $script &

now make a file in /etc/init.d/scriptname

#! /bin/sh

PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin
DAEMON=/home/.. path to shell script scriptname created to run python script
PIDFILE=/var/run/scriptname.pid

test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

. /lib/lsb/init-functions

case "$1" in
  start)
     log_daemon_msg "Starting feedparser"
     start_daemon -p $PIDFILE $DAEMON
     log_end_msg $?
   ;;
  stop)
     log_daemon_msg "Stopping feedparser"
     killproc -p $PIDFILE $DAEMON
     PID=`ps x |grep feed | head -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
     kill -9 $PID       
     log_end_msg $?
   ;;
  force-reload|restart)
     $0 stop
     $0 start
   ;;
  status)
     status_of_proc -p $PIDFILE $DAEMON atd && exit 0 || exit $?
   ;;
 *)
   echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/atd {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status}"
   exit 1
  ;;
esac

exit 0

Now you can start and stop your python script using the command /etc/init.d/scriptname start or stop.

Error: Cannot pull with rebase: You have unstaged changes

If you want to keep your working changes while performing a rebase, you can use --autostash. From the documentation:

Before starting rebase, stash local modifications away (see git-stash[1]) if needed, and apply the stash when done.

For example:

git pull --rebase --autostash

How to check if a map contains a key in Go?

have a look at this snippet of code

    nameMap := make(map[string]int)
    nameMap["river"] = 33
    v ,exist := nameMap["river"]
    if exist {
        fmt.Println("exist ",v)
    }

Correct Semantic tag for copyright info - html5

The <footer> tag seems like a good candidate:

<footer>&copy; 2011 Some copyright message</footer>

Find element's index in pandas Series

Often your value occurs at multiple indices:

>>> myseries = pd.Series([0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1])
>>> myseries.index[myseries == 1]
Int64Index([3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11], dtype='int64')

How do you use colspan and rowspan in HTML tables?

Colspan and Rowspan A table is divided into rows and each row is divided into cells. In some situations we need the Table Cells span across (or merged) more than one column or row. In these situations we can use Colspan or Rowspan attributes.

Colspan The colspan attribute defines the number of columns a cell should span (or merge) horizontally. That is, you want to merge two or more Cells in a row into a single Cell.

<td colspan=2 > 

How to colspan ?

<html>
<body >
    <table border=1 >
        <tr>
            <td colspan=2 >
                Merged
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>
                Third Cell
            </td>
            <td>
                Forth Cell
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

Rowspan The rowspan attribute specifies the number of rows a cell should span vertically. That is , you want to merge two or more Cells in the same column as a single Cell vertically.

<td rowspan=2 >

How to Rowspan ?

<html>
<body >
    <table border=1 >
        <tr>
            <td>
                First Cell
            </td>
            <td rowspan=2 >
                Merged
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td valign=middle>
                Third Cell
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

Error parsing XHTML: The content of elements must consist of well-formed character data or markup

I solved this converting the JSP from XHTML to HTML, doing this in the begining:

<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>
...

Python: print a generator expression?

Quick answer:

Doing list() around a generator expression is (almost) exactly equivalent to having [] brackets around it. So yeah, you can do

>>> list((x for x in string.letters if x in (y for y in "BigMan on campus")))

But you can just as well do

>>> [x for x in string.letters if x in (y for y in "BigMan on campus")]

Yes, that will turn the generator expression into a list comprehension. It's the same thing and calling list() on it. So the way to make a generator expression into a list is to put brackets around it.

Detailed explanation:

A generator expression is a "naked" for expression. Like so:

x*x for x in range(10)

Now, you can't stick that on a line by itself, you'll get a syntax error. But you can put parenthesis around it.

>>> (x*x for x in range(10))
<generator object <genexpr> at 0xb7485464>

This is sometimes called a generator comprehension, although I think the official name still is generator expression, there isn't really any difference, the parenthesis are only there to make the syntax valid. You do not need them if you are passing it in as the only parameter to a function for example:

>>> sorted(x*x for x in range(10))
[0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]

Basically all the other comprehensions available in Python 3 and Python 2.7 is just syntactic sugar around a generator expression. Set comprehensions:

>>> {x*x for x in range(10)}
{0, 1, 4, 81, 64, 9, 16, 49, 25, 36}

>>> set(x*x for x in range(10))
{0, 1, 4, 81, 64, 9, 16, 49, 25, 36}

Dict comprehensions:

>>> dict((x, x*x) for x in range(10))
{0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25, 6: 36, 7: 49, 8: 64, 9: 81}

>>> {x: x*x for x in range(10)}
{0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25, 6: 36, 7: 49, 8: 64, 9: 81}

And list comprehensions under Python 3:

>>> list(x*x for x in range(10))
[0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]

>>> [x*x for x in range(10)]
[0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]

Under Python 2, list comprehensions is not just syntactic sugar. But the only difference is that x will under Python 2 leak into the namespace.

>>> x
9

While under Python 3 you'll get

>>> x
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'x' is not defined

This means that the best way to get a nice printout of the content of your generator expression in Python is to make a list comprehension out of it! However, this will obviously not work if you already have a generator object. Doing that will just make a list of one generator:

>>> foo = (x*x for x in range(10))
>>> [foo]
[<generator object <genexpr> at 0xb7559504>]

In that case you will need to call list():

>>> list(foo)
[0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]

Although this works, but is kinda stupid:

>>> [x for x in foo]
[0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]

The type initializer for 'MyClass' threw an exception

Dictionary keys should be unique !

In my case, I was using a Dictionary, and I found two items in it have accidentally the same key.

Dictionary<string, string> myDictionary = new Dictionary<string, string>() {
            {"KEY1", "V1"},
            {"KEY1", "V2" },
            {"KEY3", "V3"},
        };

How do I get first name and last name as whole name in a MYSQL query?

When you have three columns : first_name, last_name, mid_name:

SELECT CASE 
    WHEN mid_name IS NULL OR TRIM(mid_name) ='' THEN
        CONCAT_WS( " ", first_name, last_name ) 
    ELSE 
        CONCAT_WS( " ", first_name, mid_name, last_name ) 
    END 
FROM USER;

Node.js: How to send headers with form data using request module?

This should work.

var url = 'http://<your_url_here>';
var headers = { 
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.8; rv:24.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/24.0',
    'Content-Type' : 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' 
};
var form = { username: 'user', password: '', opaque: 'someValue', logintype: '1'};

request.post({ url: url, form: form, headers: headers }, function (e, r, body) {
    // your callback body
});

ValueError: setting an array element with a sequence

In my case, I had a nested list as the series that I wanted to use as an input.

First check: If

df['nestedList'][0]

outputs a list like [1,2,3], you have a nested list.

Then check if you still get the error when changing to input df['nestedList'][0].

Then your next step is probably to concatenate all nested lists into one unnested list, using

[item for sublist in df['nestedList'] for item in sublist]

This flattening of the nested list is borrowed from How to make a flat list out of list of lists?.

Formatting ISODate from Mongodb

// from MongoDate object to Javascript Date object

var MongoDate = {sec: 1493016016, usec: 650000};
var dt = new Date("1970-01-01T00:00:00+00:00");
    dt.setSeconds(MongoDate.sec);

mongo - couldn't connect to server 127.0.0.1:27017

In my case:

First I open config file

sudo vi /etc/mongodb.conf

Comment IP and Port like this

#bind_ip = 127.0.0.1
#port = 27017

Then restart mongodb

sudo service mongodb restart
sudo service mongod restart

Finally, it's work :D

finn@Finn ~ $ mongo
MongoDB shell version: 2.4.9
connecting to: test
> exit

How can I read a text file from the SD card in Android?

In response to

Don't hardcode /sdcard/

Sometimes we HAVE TO hardcode it as in some phone models the API method returns the internal phone memory.

Known types: HTC One X and Samsung S3.

Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() gives a different path - Android

Python: Pandas Dataframe how to multiply entire column with a scalar

try using apply function.

df['quantity'] = df['quantity'].apply(lambda x: x*-1)

Create normal zip file programmatically

.NET has a built functionality for compressing files in the System.IO.Compression namespace. Using this you do not have to take an extra library as a dependency. This functionality is available from .NET 2.0.

Here is the way to do the compressing from the MSDN page I linked:

    public static void Compress(FileInfo fi)
    {
        // Get the stream of the source file.
        using (FileStream inFile = fi.OpenRead())
        {
            // Prevent compressing hidden and already compressed files.
            if ((File.GetAttributes(fi.FullName) & FileAttributes.Hidden)
                    != FileAttributes.Hidden & fi.Extension != ".gz")
            {
                // Create the compressed file.
                using (FileStream outFile = File.Create(fi.FullName + ".gz"))
                {
                    using (GZipStream Compress = new GZipStream(outFile,
                            CompressionMode.Compress))
                    {
                        // Copy the source file into the compression stream.
                        byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
                        int numRead;
                        while ((numRead = inFile.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) != 0)
                        {
                            Compress.Write(buffer, 0, numRead);
                        }
                        Console.WriteLine("Compressed {0} from {1} to {2} bytes.",
                            fi.Name, fi.Length.ToString(), outFile.Length.ToString());
                    }
                }
            }
        }

align text center with android

Just add these 2 lines;

android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:textAlignment="center"

SQL Server CASE .. WHEN .. IN statement

CASE AlarmEventTransactions.DeviceID should just be CASE.

You are mixing the 2 forms of the CASE expression.

How to pass data from Javascript to PHP and vice versa?

I run into a similar issue the other day. Say, I want to pass data from client side to server and write the data into a log file. Here is my solution:

My simple client side code:

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"   "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
   <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
   <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
   <title>Test Page</title>
   <script>
    function passVal(){
        var data = {
            fn: "filename",
            str: "this_is_a_dummy_test_string"
        };

        $.post("test.php", data);
    }
    passVal();
   </script>

</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>

And php code on server side:

<?php 
   $fn  = $_POST['fn'];
   $str = $_POST['str'];
   $file = fopen("/opt/lampp/htdocs/passVal/".$fn.".record","w");
   echo fwrite($file,$str);
   fclose($file);
?>

Hope this works for you and future readers!

javascript /jQuery - For Loop

Use a regular for loop and format the index to be used in the selector.

var array = [];
for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    var selector = '' + i;
    if (selector.length == 1)
        selector = '0' + selector;
    selector = '#event' + selector;
    array.push($(selector, response).html());
}

How to find memory leak in a C++ code/project?

A survey of automatic memory leak checkers

In this answer, I compare several different memory leak checkers in a simple easy to understand memory leak example.

Before anything, see this huge table in the ASan wiki which compares all tools known to man: https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizerComparisonOfMemoryTools/d06210f759fec97066888e5f27c7e722832b0924

The example analyzed will be:

main.c

#include <stdlib.h>

void * my_malloc(size_t n) {
    return malloc(n);
}

void leaky(size_t n, int do_leak) {
    void *p = my_malloc(n);
    if (!do_leak) {
        free(p);
    }
}

int main(void) {
    leaky(0x10, 0);
    leaky(0x10, 1);
    leaky(0x100, 0);
    leaky(0x100, 1);
    leaky(0x1000, 0);
    leaky(0x1000, 1);
}

GitHub upstream.

We will try to see how clearly do the different tools point us to the leaky calls.

tcmalloc from gperftools by Google

https://github.com/gperftools/gperftools

Usage on Ubuntu 19.04:

sudo apt-get install google-perftools
gcc -ggdb3 -o main.out main.c -ltcmalloc
PPROF_PATH=/usr/bin/google-pprof \
  HEAPCHECK=normal \
  HEAPPROFILE=ble \
  ./main.out \
;
google-pprof main.out ble.0001.heap --text

The output of the program run contains the memory leak analysis:

WARNING: Perftools heap leak checker is active -- Performance may suffer
Starting tracking the heap
Dumping heap profile to ble.0001.heap (Exiting, 4 kB in use)
Have memory regions w/o callers: might report false leaks
Leak check _main_ detected leaks of 272 bytes in 2 objects
The 2 largest leaks:
Using local file ./main.out.
Leak of 256 bytes in 1 objects allocated from:
        @ 555bf6e5815d my_malloc
        @ 555bf6e5817a leaky
        @ 555bf6e581d3 main
        @ 7f71e88c9b6b __libc_start_main
        @ 555bf6e5808a _start
Leak of 16 bytes in 1 objects allocated from:
        @ 555bf6e5815d my_malloc
        @ 555bf6e5817a leaky
        @ 555bf6e581b5 main
        @ 7f71e88c9b6b __libc_start_main
        @ 555bf6e5808a _start


If the preceding stack traces are not enough to find the leaks, try running THIS shell command:

pprof ./main.out "/tmp/main.out.24744._main_-end.heap" --inuse_objects --lines --heapcheck  --edgefraction=1e-10 --nodefraction=1e-10 --gv

If you are still puzzled about why the leaks are there, try rerunning this program with HEAP_CHECK_TEST_POINTER_ALIGNMENT=1 and/or with HEAP_CHECK_MAX_POINTER_OFFSET=-1
If the leak report occurs in a small fraction of runs, try running with TCMALLOC_MAX_FREE_QUEUE_SIZE of few hundred MB or with TCMALLOC_RECLAIM_MEMORY=false, it might help find leaks more re
Exiting with error code (instead of crashing) because of whole-program memory leaks

and the output of google-pprof contains the heap usage analysis:

Using local file main.out.
Using local file ble.0001.heap.
Total: 0.0 MB
     0.0 100.0% 100.0%      0.0 100.0% my_malloc
     0.0   0.0% 100.0%      0.0 100.0% __libc_start_main
     0.0   0.0% 100.0%      0.0 100.0% _start
     0.0   0.0% 100.0%      0.0 100.0% leaky
     0.0   0.0% 100.0%      0.0 100.0% main

The output points us to two of the three leaks:

Leak of 256 bytes in 1 objects allocated from:
        @ 555bf6e5815d my_malloc
        @ 555bf6e5817a leaky
        @ 555bf6e581d3 main
        @ 7f71e88c9b6b __libc_start_main
        @ 555bf6e5808a _start
Leak of 16 bytes in 1 objects allocated from:
        @ 555bf6e5815d my_malloc
        @ 555bf6e5817a leaky
        @ 555bf6e581b5 main
        @ 7f71e88c9b6b __libc_start_main
        @ 555bf6e5808a _start

I'm not sure why the third one didn't show up

In any case, when usually when something leaks, it happens a lot of times, and when I used it on a real project, I just ended up being pointed out to the leaking function very easily.

As mentioned on the output itself, this incurs a significant execution slowdown.

Further documentation at:

See also: How To Use TCMalloc?

Tested in Ubuntu 19.04, google-perftools 2.5-2.

Address Sanitizer (ASan) also by Google

https://github.com/google/sanitizers

Previously mentioned at: How to find memory leak in a C++ code/project? TODO vs tcmalloc.

This is already integrated into GCC, so you can just do:

gcc -fsanitize=address -ggdb3 -o main.out main.c
./main.out 

and execution outputs:

=================================================================
==27223==ERROR: LeakSanitizer: detected memory leaks

Direct leak of 4096 byte(s) in 1 object(s) allocated from:
    #0 0x7fabbefc5448 in malloc (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libasan.so.5+0x10c448)
    #1 0x55bf86c5f17c in my_malloc /home/ciro/test/main.c:4
    #2 0x55bf86c5f199 in leaky /home/ciro/test/main.c:8
    #3 0x55bf86c5f210 in main /home/ciro/test/main.c:20
    #4 0x7fabbecf4b6a in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x26b6a)

Direct leak of 256 byte(s) in 1 object(s) allocated from:
    #0 0x7fabbefc5448 in malloc (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libasan.so.5+0x10c448)
    #1 0x55bf86c5f17c in my_malloc /home/ciro/test/main.c:4
    #2 0x55bf86c5f199 in leaky /home/ciro/test/main.c:8
    #3 0x55bf86c5f1f2 in main /home/ciro/test/main.c:18
    #4 0x7fabbecf4b6a in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x26b6a)

Direct leak of 16 byte(s) in 1 object(s) allocated from:
    #0 0x7fabbefc5448 in malloc (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libasan.so.5+0x10c448)
    #1 0x55bf86c5f17c in my_malloc /home/ciro/test/main.c:4
    #2 0x55bf86c5f199 in leaky /home/ciro/test/main.c:8
    #3 0x55bf86c5f1d4 in main /home/ciro/test/main.c:16
    #4 0x7fabbecf4b6a in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x26b6a)

SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: 4368 byte(s) leaked in 3 allocation(s).

which clearly identifies all leaks. Nice!

ASan can also do other cool checks such as out-of-bounds writes: Stack smashing detected

Tested in Ubuntu 19.04, GCC 8.3.0.

Valgrind

http://www.valgrind.org/

Previously mentioned at: https://stackoverflow.com/a/37661630/895245

Usage:

sudo apt-get install valgrind
gcc -ggdb3 -o main.out main.c
valgrind --leak-check=yes ./main.out

Output:

==32178== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==32178== Copyright (C) 2002-2017, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==32178== Using Valgrind-3.14.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==32178== Command: ./main.out
==32178== 
==32178== 
==32178== HEAP SUMMARY:
==32178==     in use at exit: 4,368 bytes in 3 blocks
==32178==   total heap usage: 6 allocs, 3 frees, 8,736 bytes allocated
==32178== 
==32178== 16 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1 of 3
==32178==    at 0x483874F: malloc (in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==32178==    by 0x10915C: my_malloc (main.c:4)
==32178==    by 0x109179: leaky (main.c:8)
==32178==    by 0x1091B4: main (main.c:16)
==32178== 
==32178== 256 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 2 of 3
==32178==    at 0x483874F: malloc (in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==32178==    by 0x10915C: my_malloc (main.c:4)
==32178==    by 0x109179: leaky (main.c:8)
==32178==    by 0x1091D2: main (main.c:18)
==32178== 
==32178== 4,096 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 3 of 3
==32178==    at 0x483874F: malloc (in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==32178==    by 0x10915C: my_malloc (main.c:4)
==32178==    by 0x109179: leaky (main.c:8)
==32178==    by 0x1091F0: main (main.c:20)
==32178== 
==32178== LEAK SUMMARY:
==32178==    definitely lost: 4,368 bytes in 3 blocks
==32178==    indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==32178==      possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==32178==    still reachable: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==32178==         suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==32178== 
==32178== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==32178== ERROR SUMMARY: 3 errors from 3 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)

So once again, all leaks were detected.

See also: How do I use valgrind to find memory leaks?

Tested in Ubuntu 19.04, valgrind 3.14.0.

Fit cell width to content

There are many ways to do this!

correct me if I'm wrong but the question is looking for this kind of result.

<table style="white-space:nowrap;width:100%;">
<tr>
<td class="block" style="width:50%">this should stretch</td>
<td class="block" style="width:50%">this should stretch</td>
<td class="block" style="width:auto">this should be the content width</td>
</tr>
</table>

The first 2 fields will "share" the remaining page (NOTE: if you add more text to either 50% fields it will take more space), and the last field will dominate the table constantly.

If you are happy to let text wrap you can move white-space:nowrap; to the style of the 3rd field
will be the only way to start a new line in that field.

alternatively, you can set a length on the last field ie. width:150px, and leave percentage's on the first 2 fields.

Hope this helps!

git stash -> merge stashed change with current changes

May be, it is not the very worst idea to merge (via difftool) from ... yes ... a branch!

> current_branch=$(git status | head -n1 | cut -d' ' -f3)
> stash_branch="$current_branch-stash-$(date +%yy%mm%dd-%Hh%M)"
> git stash branch $stash_branch
> git checkout $current_branch
> git difftool $stash_branch

C++ Loop through Map

You can achieve this like following :

map<string, int>::iterator it;

for (it = symbolTable.begin(); it != symbolTable.end(); it++)
{
    std::cout << it->first    // string (key)
              << ':'
              << it->second   // string's value 
              << std::endl;
}

With C++11 ( and onwards ),

for (auto const& x : symbolTable)
{
    std::cout << x.first  // string (key)
              << ':' 
              << x.second // string's value 
              << std::endl;
}

With C++17 ( and onwards ),

for (auto const& [key, val] : symbolTable)
{
    std::cout << key        // string (key)
              << ':'  
              << val        // string's value
              << std::endl;
}

Why is conversion from string constant to 'char*' valid in C but invalid in C++

You can declare like one of the below options:

char data[] = "Testing String";

or

const char* data = "Testing String";

or

char* data = (char*) "Testing String";

AngularJS - $http.post send data as json

Consider explicitly setting the header in the $http.post (I put application/json, as I am not sure which of the two versions in your example is the working one, but you can use application/x-www-form-urlencoded if it's the other one):

$http.post("/customer/data/autocomplete", {term: searchString}, {headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json'} })
        .then(function (response) {
            return response;
        });

pod install -bash: pod: command not found

  1. Uninstall all instances of cocopods by this command

    $sudo gem uninstall cocoapods
    
  2. sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods

  3. sudo chmod +rx /usr/local/bin/

postgresql - replace all instances of a string within text field

You want to use postgresql's replace function:

replace(string text, from text, to text)

for instance :

UPDATE <table> SET <field> = replace(<field>, 'cat', 'dog')

Be aware, though, that this will be a string-to-string replacement, so 'category' will become 'dogegory'. the regexp_replace function may help you define a stricter match pattern for what you want to replace.

How to parse string into date?

Assuming that the database is MS SQL Server 2012 or greater, here's a solution that works. The basic statement contains the in-line try-parse:

SELECT TRY_PARSE('02/04/2016 10:52:00' AS datetime USING 'en-US') AS Result;

Here's what we implemented in the production version:

UPDATE dbo.StagingInputReview
 SET ReviewedOn = 
     ISNULL(TRY_PARSE(RTrim(LTrim(ReviewedOnText)) AS datetime USING 'en-US'), getdate()),
 ModifiedOn = (getdate()), ModifiedBy = (suser_sname())
 -- Check for empty/null/'NULL' text
 WHERE not ReviewedOnText is null 
   AND RTrim(LTrim(ReviewedOnText))<>''
   AND Replace(RTrim(LTrim(ReviewedOnText)),'''','') <> 'NULL';

The ModifiedOn and ModifiedBy columns are just for internal database tracking purposes.

See also these Microsoft MSDN references:

Adding line break in C# Code behind page

Strings are immutable, so using

public string GenerateString()
{
    return
        "abc" +
        "def";
}

will slow you performance - each of those values is a string literal which must be concatenated at runtime - bad news if you reuse the method/property/whatever alot...

Store your string literals in resources is a good idea...

public string GenerateString()
{
    return Resources.MyString;
}

That way it is localisable and the code is tidy (although performance is pretty terrible).

How to vertically center an image inside of a div element in HTML using CSS?

In your example, the div's height is static and the image's height is static. Give the image a margin-top value of ( div_height - image_height ) / 2

If the image is 50px, then

img {
    margin-top: 25px;
}

How to limit the maximum value of a numeric field in a Django model?

from django.db import models
from django.core.validators import MinValueValidator, MaxValueValidator

size = models.IntegerField(validators=[MinValueValidator(0),
                                       MaxValueValidator(5)])

What is CMake equivalent of 'configure --prefix=DIR && make all install '?

Regarding Bruce Adams answer:

Your answer creates dangerous confusion. DESTDIR is intended for installs out of the root tree. It allows one to see what would be installed in the root tree if one did not specify DESTDIR. PREFIX is the base directory upon which the real installation is based.

For example, PREFIX=/usr/local indicates that the final destination of a package is /usr/local. Using DESTDIR=$HOME will install the files as if $HOME was the root (/). If, say DESTDIR, was /tmp/destdir, one could see what 'make install' would affect. In that spirit, DESTDIR should never affect the built objects.

A makefile segment to explain it:

install:
    cp program $DESTDIR$PREFIX/bin/program

Programs must assume that PREFIX is the base directory of the final (i.e. production) directory. The possibility of symlinking a program installed in DESTDIR=/something only means that the program does not access files based upon PREFIX as it would simply not work. cat(1) is a program that (in its simplest form) can run from anywhere. Here is an example that won't:

prog.pseudo.in:
    open("@prefix@/share/prog.db")
    ...

prog:
    sed -e "s/@prefix@/$PREFIX/" prog.pseudo.in > prog.pseudo
    compile prog.pseudo

install:
    cp prog $DESTDIR$PREFIX/bin/prog
    cp prog.db $DESTDIR$PREFIX/share/prog.db

If you tried to run prog from elsewhere than $PREFIX/bin/prog, prog.db would never be found as it is not in its expected location.

Finally, /etc/alternatives really does not work this way. There are symlinks to programs installed in the root tree (e.g. vi -> /usr/bin/nvi, vi -> /usr/bin/vim, etc.).

How to remove the last character from a string?

Since we're on a subject, one can use regular expressions too

"aaabcd".replaceFirst(".$",""); //=> aaabc  

Dictionary of dictionaries in Python?

Using collections.defaultdict is a big time-saver when you're building dicts and don't know beforehand which keys you're going to have.

Here it's used twice: for the resulting dict, and for each of the values in the dict.

import collections

def aggregate_names(errors):
    result = collections.defaultdict(lambda: collections.defaultdict(list))
    for real_name, false_name, location in errors:
        result[real_name][false_name].append(location)
    return result

Combining this with your code:

dictionary = aggregate_names(previousFunction(string))

Or to test:

EXAMPLES = [
    ('Fred', 'Frad', 123),
    ('Jim', 'Jam', 100),
    ('Fred', 'Frod', 200),
    ('Fred', 'Frad', 300)]
print aggregate_names(EXAMPLES)

What is the difference between a HashMap and a TreeMap?

HashMap is implemented by Hash Table while TreeMap is implemented by Red-Black tree. The main difference between HashMap and TreeMap actually reflect the main difference between a Hash and a Binary Tree , that is, when iterating, TreeMap guarantee can the key order which is determined by either element's compareTo() method or a comparator set in the TreeMap's constructor.

Take a look at following diagram.

enter image description here

No newline after div?

div.noWrap {
    display: inline;
    }

Python loop counter in a for loop

enumerate is what you are looking for.

You might also be interested in unpacking:

# The pattern
x, y, z = [1, 2, 3]

# also works in loops:
l = [(28, 'M'), (4, 'a'), (1990, 'r')]
for x, y in l:
    print(x)  # prints the numbers 28, 4, 1990

# and also
for index, (x, y) in enumerate(l):
    print(x)  # prints the numbers 28, 4, 1990

Also, there is itertools.count() so you could do something like

import itertools

for index, el in zip(itertools.count(), [28, 4, 1990]):
    print(el)  # prints the numbers 28, 4, 1990

How to call a method after a delay in Android

See this demo:

import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;

class Test {
     public static void main( String [] args ) {
          int delay = 5000;// in ms 

          Timer timer = new Timer();

          timer.schedule( new TimerTask(){
             public void run() { 
                 System.out.println("Wait, what..:");
              }
           }, delay);

           System.out.println("Would it run?");
     }
}

SVN change username

You can change the user with

  • Subversion 1.6 and earlier:

    svn switch --relocate protocol://currentUser@server/path protocol://newUser@server/path
    
  • Subversion 1.7 and later:

    svn relocate protocol://currentUser@server/path protocol://newUser@server/path
    

To find out what protocol://currentUser@server/path is, run

svn info

in your working copy.

Free Online Team Foundation Server

I know this thread is old, but since a Google search brought me here, it will also do to other people who may find this useful.

Microsoft recenly launched Visual Studio Online, which is free for projects with up to 5 users:

http://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/products/visual-studio-online-overview-vs.aspx

I have been using it for a while, and it integrates completely with Visual Studio 2013. It claims integration with other IDEs too. Apart from TFS, Git can also be used with it.

I know this thread is old, but since a Google search brought me here

How can I listen for keypress event on the whole page?

I think this does the best job

https://angular.io/api/platform-browser/EventManager

for instance in app.component

constructor(private eventManager: EventManager) {
    const removeGlobalEventListener = this.eventManager.addGlobalEventListener(
      'document',
      'keypress',
      (ev) => {
        console.log('ev', ev);
      }
    );
  }

Mysql adding user for remote access

An alternative way is to use MySql Workbench. Go to Administration -> Users and privileges -> and change 'localhost' with '%' in 'Limit to Host Matching' (From host) attribute for users you wont to give remote access Or create new user ( Add account button ) with '%' on this attribute instead localhost.

Android Linear Layout - How to Keep Element At Bottom Of View?

Update: I still get upvotes on this question, which is still the accepted answer and which I think I answered poorly. In the spirit of making sure the best info is out there, I have decided to update this answer.

In modern Android I would use ConstraintLayout to do this. It is more performant and straightforward.

<ConstraintLayout>
   <View
      android:id="@+id/view1"
      ...other attributes elided... />
   <View
      android:id="@id/view2"        
      app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/view1" />
      ...other attributes elided... />

   ...etc for other views that should be aligned top to bottom...

   <TextView
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent" />

If you don't want to use a ConstraintLayout, using a LinearLayout with an expanding view is a straightforward and great way to handle taking up the extra space (see the answer by @Matthew Wills). If you don't want to expand the background of any of the Views above the bottom view, you can add an invisible View to take up the space.

The answer I originally gave works but is inefficient. Inefficiency may not be a big deal for a single top level layout, but it would be a terrible implementation in a ListView or RecyclerView, and there just isn't any reason to do it since there are better ways to do it that are roughly the same level of effort and complexity if not simpler.

Take the TextView out of the LinearLayout, then put the LinearLayout and the TextView inside a RelativeLayout. Add the attribute android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" to the TextView. With all the namespace and other attributes except for the above attribute elided:

<RelativeLayout>
  <LinearLayout>
    <!-- All your other elements in here -->
  </LinearLayout>
  <TextView
    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

How to read a text-file resource into Java unit test?

You can use a Junit Rule to create this temporary folder for your test:

@Rule public TemporaryFolder temporaryFolder = new TemporaryFolder(); File file = temporaryFolder.newFile(".src/test/resources/abc.xml");

PHP How to fix Notice: Undefined variable:

I would guess your query isn't running as expected and you are getting to the return line with undefined variables.

Also, the way you are doing the variable assignment, you would be overwriting the same variable with each loop iteration, so you wouldn't return the entire result set.

Finally, it seems odd to return a numerically-keyed result set instead of an associatively-keyed one. Consider naming only the fields needed in the SELECT and keeping the key assignments. So something like this:

Function ShowDataPatient($idURL){
       $query =" select * from cmu_list_insurance,cmu_home,cmu_patient where cmu_home.home_id = (select home_id from cmu_patient where patient_hn like '%$idURL%')
                 AND cmu_patient.patient_hn like '%$idURL%'
                 AND cmu_list_insurance.patient_id like (select patient_id from cmu_patient where patient_hn like '%$idURL%') ";

   $result = pg_query($query) or die('Query failed: ' . pg_last_error());

   $return = array();
   while ($row = pg_fetch_array($result)){
       $return[] = $row;
   }          

   return $return;
}

You might also consider opening a question about how to improve your query, is it is pretty heinous as it stands now.

How to force DNS refresh for a website?

you can't force refresh but you can forward all old ip requests to new one. for a website:

replace [OLD_IP] with old server's ip

replace [NEW_IP] with new server's ip

run & win.

echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d [OLD_IP] -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination [NEW_IP]:80

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d [OLD_IP] -p tcp --dport 443 -j DNAT --to-destination [NEW_IP]:443

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE

Protractor : How to wait for page complete after click a button?

In this case, you can used:

Page Object:

    waitForURLContain(urlExpected: string, timeout: number) {
        try {
            const condition = browser.ExpectedConditions;
            browser.wait(condition.urlContains(urlExpected), timeout);
        } catch (e) {
            console.error('URL not contain text.', e);
        };
    }

Page Test:

page.waitForURLContain('abc#/efg', 30000);

How to use basic authorization in PHP curl

Its Simple Way To Pass Header

function get_data($url) {

$ch = curl_init();
$timeout = 5;
$username = 'c4f727b9646045e58508b20ac08229e6';        // Put Username 
$password = '';                                        // Put Password
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, $timeout);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "$username:$password");    // Add This Line
$data = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
return $data;
}
$url = "https://storage.scrapinghub.com/items/397187/2/127";
$data = get_data($url);
echo '<pre>';`print_r($data_json);`die;    // For Print Value

Check My JSON Value

smtp configuration for php mail

PHP's mail() function does not have support for SMTP. You're going to need to use something like the PEAR Mail package.

Here is a sample SMTP mail script:

<?php
require_once("Mail.php");

$from = "Your Name <[email protected]>";
$to = "Their Name <[email protected]>";
$subject = "Subject";
$body = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit...";

$host = "mailserver.blahblah.com";
$username = "smtp_username";
$password = "smtp_password";

$headers = array('From' => $from, 'To' => $to, 'Subject' => $subject);

$smtp = Mail::factory('smtp', array ('host' => $host,
                                     'auth' => true,
                                     'username' => $username,
                                     'password' => $password));

$mail = $smtp->send($to, $headers, $body);

if ( PEAR::isError($mail) ) {
    echo("<p>Error sending mail:<br/>" . $mail->getMessage() . "</p>");
} else {
    echo("<p>Message sent.</p>");
}
?>

How to check if a variable is null or empty string or all whitespace in JavaScript?

function isEmptyOrSpaces(str){
    return str === null || str.match(/^[\s\n\r]*$/) !== null;
}

How do I insert datetime value into a SQLite database?

Use CURRENT_TIMESTAMP when you need it, instead OF NOW() (which is MySQL)

Redirect with CodeIgniter

If you want to redirect previous location or last request then you have to include user_agent library:

$this->load->library('user_agent');

and then use at last in a function that you are using:

redirect($this->agent->referrer());

its working for me.

Expand/collapse section in UITableView in iOS

I have done the same thing using multiple sections .

class SCTierBenefitsViewController: UIViewController {
    @IBOutlet private weak var tblTierBenefits: UITableView!
    private var selectedIndexPath: IndexPath?
    private var isSelected:Bool = false

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        tblTierBenefits.register(UINib(nibName:"TierBenefitsTableViewCell", bundle: nil), forCellReuseIdentifier:"TierBenefitsTableViewCell")
        tblTierBenefits.register(UINib(nibName:"TierBenefitsDetailsCell", bundle: nil), forCellReuseIdentifier:"TierBenefitsDetailsCell")

        tblTierBenefits.rowHeight = UITableViewAutomaticDimension;
        tblTierBenefits.estimatedRowHeight = 44.0;
        tblTierBenefits.tableFooterView = UIView()
    }

    override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
        super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
    }

}

extension SCTierBenefitsViewController : UITableViewDataSource{

    func numberOfSections(in tableView: UITableView) -> Int {
        return 7
    }
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return (isSelected && section == selectedIndexPath?.section) ? 2 : 1 
    }

    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, heightForHeaderInSection section: Int) -> CGFloat {
        return  0.01
    }

    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, viewForHeaderInSection section: Int) -> UIView? {
        return nil
    }

    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        switch indexPath.row {
        case 0:
            let cell:TierBenefitsTableViewCell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "TierBenefitsTableViewCell")! as! TierBenefitsTableViewCell
            cell.selectionStyle = .none
            cell.contentView.setNeedsLayout()
            cell.contentView.layoutIfNeeded()
            return cell

        case 1:
            let cell:TierBenefitsDetailsCell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "TierBenefitsDetailsCell")! as! TierBenefitsDetailsCell
            cell.selectionStyle = .none
            return cell

        default:
            break
        }

        return UITableViewCell()
    }
}

extension SCTierBenefitsViewController : UITableViewDelegate{

    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, didSelectRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
        if indexPath.row == 0 {

            if let _selectedIndexPath = selectedIndexPath ,selectedIndexPath?.section == indexPath.section {
                tblTierBenefits.beginUpdates()
                expandCollapse(indexPath: _selectedIndexPath, isExpand: false)
                selectedIndexPath = nil
            }
            else{
                tblTierBenefits.beginUpdates()
                if selectedIndexPath != nil {
                    tblTierBenefits.reloadSections([(selectedIndexPath?.section)!], with: .none)
                }
                expandCollapse(indexPath: indexPath, isExpand: true)
            }
        }
    }

    private func  expandCollapse(indexPath: IndexPath?,isExpand: Bool){
        isSelected = isExpand
        selectedIndexPath = indexPath
        tblTierBenefits.reloadSections([(indexPath?.section)!], with: .none)
        tblTierBenefits.endUpdates()
    }

}

How to get form values in Symfony2 controller

If Symfony 4 or 5, juste use this code (Where name is the name of your field):

$request->request->get('name');