Programs & Examples On #Static html

Missing MVC template in Visual Studio 2015

In my case that happened when uninstalling AspNet 5 RC1 Update 1 to update it for .Net Core 1.0 RC2. so I installed Visual Studio 2015 update 2, selected Microsoft Web Developer tools and everything went back to normal.

Updating MySQL primary key

If the primary key happens to be an auto_increment value, you have to remove the auto increment, then drop the primary key then re-add the auto-increment

ALTER TABLE `xx`
MODIFY `auto_increment_field` INT, 
DROP PRIMARY KEY, 
ADD PRIMARY KEY (new_primary_key);

then add back the auto increment

ALTER TABLE `xx` ADD INDEX `auto_increment_field` (auto_increment_field),
MODIFY `auto_increment_field` int auto_increment;

then set auto increment back to previous value

ALTER TABLE `xx` AUTO_INCREMENT = 5;

Could not load file or assembly 'Newtonsoft.Json' or one of its dependencies. Manifest definition does not match the assembly reference

if you're working with some kind of subversion: delete the project and re-download it, it worked for me :S

php.ini: which one?

You can find what is the php.ini file used:

  • By add phpinfo() in a php page and display the page (like the picture under)
  • From the shell, enter: php -i

Next, you can find the information in the Loaded Configuration file (so here it's /user/local/etc/php/php.ini)

Sometimes, you have indicated (none), in this case you just have to put your custom php.ini that you can find here: http://git.php.net/?p=php-src.git;a=blob;f=php.ini-production;hb=HEAD

I hope this answer will help.

Changing the default title of confirm() in JavaScript?

Not possible. You can however use a third party javascript library that emulates a popup window, and it will probably look better as well and be less intrusive.

jquery onclick change css background image

You need to use background-image instead of backgroundImage. For example:

$(function() {
  $('.home').click(function() {
    $(this).css('background-image', 'url(images/tabs3.png)');
  });
}):

What is the significance of #pragma marks? Why do we need #pragma marks?

#pragma mark - NSSecureCoding

The main purpose of "pragma" is for developer reference.enter image description here

You can easily find a method/Function in a vast thousands of coding lines.

Xcode 11+:

Marker Line in Top

// MARK: - Properties

Marker Line in Top and Bottom

// MARK: - Properties - 

Marker Line only in bottom

// MARK: Properties -

VBA Public Array : how to?

Well, basically what I found is that you can declare the array, but when you set it vba shows you an error.

So I put an special sub to declare global variables and arrays, something like:

Global example(10) As Variant

Sub set_values()

example(1) = 1
example(2) = 1
example(3) = 1
example(4) = 1
example(5) = 1
example(6) = 1
example(7) = 1
example(8) = 1
example(9) = 1
example(10) = 1

End Sub

And whenever I want to use the array, I call the sub first, just in case

call set_values

Msgbox example(5)

Perhaps is not the most correct way, but I hope it works for you

How can I open a popup window with a fixed size using the HREF tag?

You might want to consider using a div element pop-up window that contains an iframe.

jQuery Dialog is a simple way to get started. Just add an iframe as the content.

How to convert an int value to string in Go?

fmt.Sprintf("%v",value);

If you know the specific type of value use the corresponding formatter for example %d for int

More info - fmt

C - split string into an array of strings

Since you've already looked into strtok just continue down the same path and split your string using space (' ') as a delimiter, then use something as realloc to increase the size of the array containing the elements to be passed to execvp.

See the below example, but keep in mind that strtok will modify the string passed to it. If you don't want this to happen you are required to make a copy of the original string, using strcpy or similar function.

char    str[]= "ls -l";
char ** res  = NULL;
char *  p    = strtok (str, " ");
int n_spaces = 0, i;


/* split string and append tokens to 'res' */

while (p) {
  res = realloc (res, sizeof (char*) * ++n_spaces);

  if (res == NULL)
    exit (-1); /* memory allocation failed */

  res[n_spaces-1] = p;

  p = strtok (NULL, " ");
}

/* realloc one extra element for the last NULL */

res = realloc (res, sizeof (char*) * (n_spaces+1));
res[n_spaces] = 0;

/* print the result */

for (i = 0; i < (n_spaces+1); ++i)
  printf ("res[%d] = %s\n", i, res[i]);

/* free the memory allocated */

free (res);

res[0] = ls
res[1] = -l
res[2] = (null)

Delimiters in MySQL

When you create a stored routine that has a BEGIN...END block, statements within the block are terminated by semicolon (;). But the CREATE PROCEDURE statement also needs a terminator. So it becomes ambiguous whether the semicolon within the body of the routine terminates CREATE PROCEDURE, or terminates one of the statements within the body of the procedure.

The way to resolve the ambiguity is to declare a distinct string (which must not occur within the body of the procedure) that the MySQL client recognizes as the true terminator for the CREATE PROCEDURE statement.

Python 3 string.join() equivalent?

str.join() works fine in Python 3, you just need to get the order of the arguments correct

>>> str.join('.', ('a', 'b', 'c'))
'a.b.c'

How to use "raise" keyword in Python

It has 2 purposes.

yentup has given the first one.

It's used for raising your own errors.

if something:
    raise Exception('My error!')

The second is to reraise the current exception in an exception handler, so that it can be handled further up the call stack.

try:
  generate_exception()
except SomeException as e:
  if not can_handle(e):
    raise
  handle_exception(e)

How to use HTML to print header and footer on every printed page of a document?

From this question -- add the following styles to a print-only stylesheet. This solution will work in IE and Firefox, but not in Chrome (as of version 21):

#header {
  display: table-header-group;
}

#main {
  display: table-row-group;
}

#footer {
  display: table-footer-group;
}

Can I run javascript before the whole page is loaded?

Not only can you, but you have to make a special effort not to if you don't want to. :-)

When the browser encounters a classic script tag when parsing the HTML, it stops parsing and hands over to the JavaScript interpreter, which runs the script. The parser doesn't continue until the script execution is complete (because the script might do document.write calls to output markup that the parser should handle).

That's the default behavior, but you have a few options for delaying script execution:

  1. Use JavaScript modules. A type="module" script is deferred until the HTML has been fully parsed and the initial DOM created. This isn't the primary reason to use modules, but it's one of the reasons:

    <script type="module" src="./my-code.js"></script>
    <!-- Or -->
    <script type="module">
    // Your code here
    </script>
    

    The code will be fetched (if it's separate) and parsed in parallel with the HTML parsing, but won't be run until the HTML parsing is done. (If your module code is inline rather than in its own file, it is also deferred until HTML parsing is complete.)

    This wasn't available when I first wrote this answer in 2010, but here in 2020, all major modern browsers support modules natively, and if you need to support older browsers, you can use bundlers like Webpack and Rollup.js.

  2. Use the defer attribute on a classic script tag:

    <script defer src="./my-code.js"></script>
    

    As with the module, the code in my-code.js will be fetched and parsed in parallel with the HTML parsing, but won't be run until the HTML parsing is done. But, defer doesn't work with inline script content, only with external files referenced via src.

  3. I don't think it's what you want, but you can use the async attribute to tell the browser to fetch the JavaScript code in parallel with the HTML parsing, but then run it as soon as possible, even if the HTML parsing isn't complete. You can put it on a type="module" tag, or use it instead of defer on a classic script tag.

  4. Put the script tag at the end of the document, just prior to the closing </body> tag:

    <!doctype html>
    <html>
    <!-- ... -->
    <body>
    <!-- The document's HTML goes here -->
    <script type="module" src="./my-code.js"></script><!-- Or inline script -->
    </body>
    </html>
    

    That way, even though the code is run as soon as its encountered, all of the elements defined by the HTML above it exist and are ready to be used.

    It used to be that this caused an additional delay on some browsers because they wouldn't start fetching the code until the script tag was encountered, but modern browsers scan ahead and start prefetching. Still, this is very much the third choice at this point, both modules and defer are better options.

The spec has a useful diagram showing a raw script tag, defer, async, type="module", and type="module" async and the timing of when the JavaScript code is fetched and run:

enter image description here

Here's an example of the default behavior, a raw script tag:

_x000D_
_x000D_
.found {_x000D_
    color: green;_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<p>Paragraph 1</p>_x000D_
<script>_x000D_
    if (typeof NodeList !== "undefined" && !NodeList.prototype.forEach) {_x000D_
        NodeList.prototype.forEach = Array.prototype.forEach;_x000D_
    }_x000D_
    document.querySelectorAll("p").forEach(p => {_x000D_
        p.classList.add("found");_x000D_
    });_x000D_
</script>_x000D_
<p>Paragraph 2</p>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

(See my answer here for details around that NodeList code.)

When you run that, you see "Paragraph 1" in green but "Paragraph 2" is black, because the script ran synchronously with the HTML parsing, and so it only found the first paragraph, not the second.

In contrast, here's a type="module" script:

_x000D_
_x000D_
.found {_x000D_
    color: green;_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<p>Paragraph 1</p>_x000D_
<script type="module">_x000D_
    document.querySelectorAll("p").forEach(p => {_x000D_
        p.classList.add("found");_x000D_
    });_x000D_
</script>_x000D_
<p>Paragraph 2</p>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

Notice how they're both green now; the code didn't run until HTML parsing was complete. That would also be true with a defer script with external content (but not inline content).

(There was no need for the NodeList check there because any modern browser supporting modules already has forEach on NodeList.)

In this modern world, there's no real value to the DOMContentLoaded event of the "ready" feature that PrototypeJS, jQuery, ExtJS, Dojo, and most others provided back in the day (and still provide); just use modules or defer. Even back in the day, there wasn't much reason for using them (and they were often used incorrectly, holding up page presentation while the entire jQuery library was loaded because the script was in the head instead of after the document), something some developers at Google flagged up early on. This was also part of the reason for the YUI recommendation to put scripts at the end of the body, again back in the day.

symfony2 twig path with parameter url creation

In Twig:

{% for l in locations %}

<tr>
    <td>
        <input type="checkbox" class="filled-in" id="filled-in-box-{{ l.idLocation }}" />
        <label for="filled-in-box-{{ l.idLocation }}"></label>
    </td>
    <td>{{ l.loc }}</td>
    <td>{{ l.mun }}</td>
    <td>{{ l.pro }}</td>
    <td>{{ l.cou }}</td>
    {#<td>
        {% if l.active == 1  %}
            <span class="fa fa-check"></span>
        {% else %}
            <span class="fa fa-close"></span>
        {% endif %}
    </td>#}
    <td><a href="{{ url('admin_edit_location',{'id': l.idLocation}) }}" class="db-list-edit"><span class="fa fa-pencil-square-o"></span></a>
    </td>
</tr>{% endfor %}

The route admin_edit_location:

admin_edit_location:
  path: /edit_location/{id}
  defaults: { _controller: "AppBundle:Admin:editLocation" }
  methods: GET

And the controller

public function editLocationAction($id){
    // use $id 

    $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
    $location = $em->getRepository('BackendBundle:locations')->findOneBy(array(
    'id'    => $id
    ));
}

Does a `+` in a URL scheme/host/path represent a space?

You can find a nice list of corresponding URL encoded characters on W3Schools.

  • + becomes %2B
  • space becomes %20

Is it possible to convert char[] to char* in C?

It sounds like you're confused between pointers and arrays. Pointers and arrays (in this case char * and char []) are not the same thing.

  • An array char a[SIZE] says that the value at the location of a is an array of length SIZE
  • A pointer char *a; says that the value at the location of a is a pointer to a char. This can be combined with pointer arithmetic to behave like an array (eg, a[10] is 10 entries past wherever a points)

In memory, it looks like this (example taken from the FAQ):

 char a[] = "hello";  // array

   +---+---+---+---+---+---+
a: | h | e | l | l | o |\0 |
   +---+---+---+---+---+---+

 char *p = "world"; // pointer

   +-----+     +---+---+---+---+---+---+
p: |  *======> | w | o | r | l | d |\0 |
   +-----+     +---+---+---+---+---+---+

It's easy to be confused about the difference between pointers and arrays, because in many cases, an array reference "decays" to a pointer to it's first element. This means that in many cases (such as when passed to a function call) arrays become pointers. If you'd like to know more, this section of the C FAQ describes the differences in detail.

One major practical difference is that the compiler knows how long an array is. Using the examples above:

char a[] = "hello";  
char *p =  "world";  

sizeof(a); // 6 - one byte for each character in the string,
           // one for the '\0' terminator
sizeof(p); // whatever the size of the pointer is
           // probably 4 or 8 on most machines (depending on whether it's a 
           // 32 or 64 bit machine)

Without seeing your code, it's hard to recommend the best course of action, but I suspect changing to use pointers everywhere will solve the problems you're currently having. Take note that now:

  • You will need to initialise memory wherever the arrays used to be. Eg, char a[10]; will become char *a = malloc(10 * sizeof(char));, followed by a check that a != NULL. Note that you don't actually need to say sizeof(char) in this case, because sizeof(char) is defined to be 1. I left it in for completeness.

  • Anywhere you previously had sizeof(a) for array length will need to be replaced by the length of the memory you allocated (if you're using strings, you could use strlen(), which counts up to the '\0').

  • You will need a make a corresponding call to free() for each call to malloc(). This tells the computer you are done using the memory you asked for with malloc(). If your pointer is a, just write free(a); at a point in the code where you know you no longer need whatever a points to.

As another answer pointed out, if you want to get the address of the start of an array, you can use:

char* p = &a[0] 

You can read this as "char pointer p becomes the address of element [0] of a".

How to change a TextView's style at runtime

Like Jonathan suggested, using textView.setTextTypeface works, I just used it in an app a few seconds ago.

textView.setTypeface(null, Typeface.BOLD); // Typeface.NORMAL, Typeface.ITALIC etc.

Excel VBA function to print an array to the workbook

On the same theme as other answers, keeping it simple

Sub PrintArray(Data As Variant, Cl As Range)
    Cl.Resize(UBound(Data, 1), UBound(Data, 2)) = Data
End Sub


Sub Test()
    Dim MyArray() As Variant

    ReDim MyArray(1 To 3, 1 To 3) ' make it flexible

    ' Fill array
    '  ...

    PrintArray MyArray, ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1").[A1]
End Sub

Check if input is integer type in C

I was having the same problem, finally figured out what to do:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main ()
{
    int x;
    float check;
    reprocess:
    printf ("enter a integer number:");
    scanf ("%f", &check);
    x=check;
    if (x==check)
    printf("\nYour number is %d", x);
    else 
    {
         printf("\nThis is not an integer number, please insert an integer!\n\n");
         goto reprocess;
    }
    _getch();
    return 0;
}

Chrome blocks different origin requests

This is a security update. If an attacker can modify some file in the web server (the JS one, for example), he can make every loaded pages to download another script (for example to keylog your password or steal your SessionID and send it to his own server).

To avoid it, the browser check the Same-origin policy

Your problem is that the browser is trying to load something with your script (with an Ajax request) that is on another domain (or subdomain). To avoid it (if it is on your own website) you can:

How do I print colored output to the terminal in Python?

Compared to the methods listed here, I prefer the method that comes with the system. Here, I provide a better method without third-party libraries.

class colors: # You may need to change color settings
    RED = '\033[31m'
    ENDC = '\033[m'
    GREEN = '\033[32m'
    YELLOW = '\033[33m'
    BLUE = '\033[34m'

print(colors.RED + "something you want to print in red color" + colors.ENDC)
print(colors.GREEN + "something you want to print in green color" + colors.ENDC)
print("something you want to print in system default color")

More color code , ref to : Printing Colored Text in Python

Enjoy yourself!

SQLAlchemy: What's the difference between flush() and commit()?

As @snapshoe says

flush() sends your SQL statements to the database

commit() commits the transaction.

When session.autocommit == False:

commit() will call flush() if you set autoflush == True.

When session.autocommit == True:

You can't call commit() if you haven't started a transaction (which you probably haven't since you would probably only use this mode to avoid manually managing transactions).

In this mode, you must call flush() to save your ORM changes. The flush effectively also commits your data.

Convert string (without any separator) to list

You can use str.translate, you just have to give it the right arguments:

>>> dels=''.join(chr(x) for x in range(256) if not chr(x).isdigit())
>>> '+1-617-555-1212'.translate(None, dels)
'16175551212'

N.b.: This won't work with unicode strings in Python2, or at all in Python3. For those environments, you can create a custom class to pass to unicode.translate:

>>> class C:
...    def __getitem__(self, i):
...       if unichr(i).isdigit():
...          return i
... 
>>> u'+1-617.555/1212'.translate(C())
u'16175551212'

This works with non-ASCII digits, too:

>>> print u'+\u00b9-\uff1617.555/1212'.translate(C()).encode('utf-8')
¹6175551212

handling dbnull data in vb.net

I got tired of dealing with this problem so I wrote a NotNull() function to help me out.

Public Shared Function NotNull(Of T)(ByVal Value As T, ByVal DefaultValue As T) As T
        If Value Is Nothing OrElse IsDBNull(Value) Then
                Return DefaultValue
        Else
                Return Value
        End If
End Function

Usage:

If NotNull(myItem("sID"), "") = sID Then
  ' Do something
End If

My NotNull() function has gone through a couple of overhauls over the years. Prior to Generics, I simply specified everything as an Object. But I much prefer the Generic version.

HTML5 <video> element on Android

According to : https://stackoverflow.com/a/24403519/365229

This should work, with plain Javascript:

var myVideo = document.getElementById('myVideoTag');

myVideo.play();
if (typeof(myVideo.webkitEnterFullscreen) != "undefined") {
    // This is for Android Stock.
    myVideo.webkitEnterFullscreen();
} else if (typeof(myVideo.webkitRequestFullscreen)  != "undefined") {
    // This is for Chrome.
    myVideo.webkitRequestFullscreen();
} else if (typeof(myVideo.mozRequestFullScreen)  != "undefined") {
    myVideo.mozRequestFullScreen();
}

You have to trigger play() before the fullscreen instruction, otherwise in Android Browser it will just go fullscreen but it will not start playing. Tested with the latest version of Android Browser, Chrome, Safari.

I've tested it on Android 2.3.3 & 4.4 browser.

How to convert DataTable to class Object?

It is Vb.Net version:

Public Class Test
Public Property id As Integer
Public Property name As String
Public Property address As String
Public Property createdDate As Date

End Class

  Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click

    Dim x As Date = Now

    Debug.WriteLine("Begin: " & DateDiff(DateInterval.Second, x, Now) & "-" & Now)

    Dim dt As New DataTable
    dt.Columns.Add("id")
    dt.Columns.Add("name")
    dt.Columns.Add("address")
    dt.Columns.Add("createdDate")

    For i As Integer = 0 To 100000
        dt.Rows.Add(i, "name - " & i, "address - " & i, DateAdd(DateInterval.Second, i, Now))
    Next

    Debug.WriteLine("Datatable created: " & DateDiff(DateInterval.Second, x, Now) & "-" & Now)


    Dim items As IList(Of Test) = dt.AsEnumerable().[Select](Function(row) New _
            Test With {
                        .id = row.Field(Of String)("id"),
                        .name = row.Field(Of String)("name"),
                        .address = row.Field(Of String)("address"),
                        .createdDate = row.Field(Of String)("createdDate")
                       }).ToList()

    Debug.WriteLine("List created: " & DateDiff(DateInterval.Second, x, Now) & "-" & Now)

    Debug.WriteLine("Complated")

End Sub

How to implement a Map with multiple keys?

A dirty and a simple solution, if you use the maps just for sorting lets say, is to add a very small value to a key until the value does not exist, but do not add the minimum (for example Double.MIN_VALUE) because it will cause a bug. Like I said, this is a very dirty solution but it makes the code simpler.

How to enable mod_rewrite for Apache 2.2

I just did this

sudo a2enmod rewrite

then you have to restart the apache service by following command

sudo service apache2 restart

Laravel stylesheets and javascript don't load for non-base routes

If you're using Laravel 3 and your CSS/JS files inside public folder like this

public/css
public/js

then you can call them using in Blade templates like this

{{ HTML::style('css/style.css'); }}
{{ HTML::script('js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js'); }}

How to determine the content size of a UIWebView?

When using webview as a subview somewhere in scrollview, you can set height constraint to some constant value and later make outlet from it and use it like:

- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {
    webView.scrollView.scrollEnabled = NO;
    _webViewHeight.constant = webView.scrollView.contentSize.height;
}

Xamarin 2.0 vs Appcelerator Titanium vs PhoneGap

I have worked with Xamarin. Here are the positives and negatives I have found:

Positives

  1. Easy to code, C# makes the job easier
  2. Performance won't be a concern
  3. Native UI
  4. Good IDE, much like Xcode and Visual Studio.
  5. Xamarin Debugger
  6. Xamarin SDK is free and open-source. Wiki

Negatives

  1. You need to know the API for each platform you want to target (iOS, Android, WP8). However, you do not need to know Objective-C or Java.
  2. Xamarin shares only a few things across platforms (things like databases and web services).
  3. You have to design the UI of each platform separately (this can be a blessing or a curse).

Getting RAW Soap Data from a Web Reference Client running in ASP.net

You haven't specified what language you are using but assuming C# / .NET you could use SOAP extensions.

Otherwise, use a sniffer such as Wireshark

MySQL select statement with CASE or IF ELSEIF? Not sure how to get the result

Syntax:

CASE value WHEN [compare_value] THEN result 
[WHEN [compare_value] THEN result ...] 
[ELSE result] 
END

Alternative: CASE WHEN [condition] THEN result [WHEN [condition] THEN result ...]

mysql> SELECT CASE  WHEN 2>3 THEN 'this is true' ELSE 'this is false' END; 
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| CASE  WHEN 2>3 THEN 'this is true' ELSE 'this is false' END |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| this is false                                               | 
+-------------------------------------------------------------+

I am use:

SELECT  act.*,
    CASE 
        WHEN (lises.session_date IS NOT NULL AND ses.session_date IS NULL) THEN lises.location_id
        WHEN (lises.session_date IS NULL AND ses.session_date IS NOT NULL) THEN ses.location_id
        WHEN (lises.session_date IS NOT NULL AND ses.session_date IS NOT NULL AND lises.session_date>ses.session_date) THEN ses.location_id
        WHEN (lises.session_date IS NOT NULL AND ses.session_date IS NOT NULL AND lises.session_date<ses.session_date) THEN lises.location_id
    END AS location_id
FROM activity AS act
LEFT JOIN li_sessions AS lises ON lises.activity_id = act.id AND  lises.session_date >= now()
LEFT JOIN session AS ses ON  ses.activity_id = act.id AND  ses.session_date >= now()
WHERE act.id

C# Break out of foreach loop after X number of items

int count = 0;
foreach (ListViewItem lvi in listView.Items)
{
    if(++count > 50) break;
}

jquery-ui-dialog - How to hook into dialog close event

This is what worked for me...

$('#dialog').live("dialogclose", function(){
   //code to run on dialog close
});

The value violated the integrity constraints for the column

I've found that this can happen due to a number of various reasons.

In my case when I scroll to the end of the SQL import "Report", under the "Post-execute (Success)" heading it will tell me how many rows were copied and it's usually the next row in sheet which has the issue. Also you can tell which column by the import messages (in your case it was "Copy of F2") so you can generally find out which was the offending cell in Excel.

I've seen this happen for very silly reasons such as the date format in Excel being different than previous rows. For example cell A2 being "05/02/2017" while A3 being "5/2/2017" or even "05-02-2017". It seems the import wants things to be perfectly consistent.

It even happens if the Excel formats are different so if B2 is "512" but an Excel "Number" format and B3 is "512" but an Excel "Text" format then the Cell will cause an error.

I've also had situations where I literally had to delete all the "empty" rows below my data rows in the Excel sheet. Sometimes they appear empty but Excel considers them having "blank" data or something like that so the import tries to import them as well. This usually happens if you've had previous data in your Excel sheet which you've cleared but haven't properly deleted the rows.

And then there's the obvious reasons of trying to import text value into an integer column or insert a NULL into a NOT NULL column as mentioned by the others.

Calling a particular PHP function on form submit

PHP is run on a server, Your browser is a client. Once the server sends all the info to the client, nothing can be done on the server until another request is made.

To make another request without refreshing the page you are going to have to look into ajax. Look into jQuery as it makes ajax requests easy

How to get div height to auto-adjust to background size?

This answer is similar to others, but is overall the best for most applications. You need to know the image size before hand which you usually do. This will let you add overlay text, titles etc. with no negative padding or absolute positioning of the image. They key is to set the padding % to match the image aspect ratio as seen in the example below. I used this answer and essentially just added an image background.

_x000D_
_x000D_
.wrapper {_x000D_
  width: 100%;_x000D_
  /* whatever width you want */_x000D_
  display: inline-block;_x000D_
  position: relative;_x000D_
  background-size: contain;_x000D_
  background: url('https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/67/Wiki-llama.jpg/1600px-Wiki-llama.jpg') top center no-repeat;_x000D_
  margin: 0 auto;_x000D_
}_x000D_
.wrapper:after {_x000D_
  padding-top: 75%;_x000D_
  /* this llama image is 800x600 so set the padding top % to match 600/800 = .75 */_x000D_
  display: block;_x000D_
  content: '';_x000D_
}_x000D_
.main {_x000D_
  position: absolute;_x000D_
  top: 0;_x000D_
  bottom: 0;_x000D_
  right: 0;_x000D_
  left: 0;_x000D_
  color: black;_x000D_
  text-align: center;_x000D_
  margin-top: 5%;_x000D_
}
_x000D_
<div class="wrapper">_x000D_
  <div class="main">_x000D_
    This is where your overlay content goes, titles, text, buttons, etc._x000D_
  </div>_x000D_
</div>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

GitHub - error: failed to push some refs to '[email protected]:myrepo.git'

In my case git push was trying to push more that just the current branch, therefore, I got this error since the other branches were not in sync.

To fix that you could use: git config --global push.default simple That will make git to only push the current branch.

This will only work on more recent versions of git. i.e.: won't work on 1.7.9.5

Python: Remove division decimal

When a number as a decimal it is usually a float in Python.

If you want to remove the decimal and keep it an integer (int). You can call the int() method on it like so...

>>> int(2.0)
2

However, int rounds down so...

>>> int(2.9)
2

If you want to round to the nearest integer you can use round:

>>> round(2.9)
3.0
>>> round(2.4)
2.0

And then call int() on that:

>>> int(round(2.9))
3
>>> int(round(2.4))
2

PDOException “could not find driver”

If you are using sqlite for testing you will need php sqlite pdo drive. You can install them as below.

For Ubuntu 14.04

sudo apt-get install php5-sqlite
sudo service apache2 restart

In ubuntu 16.04 there is no php5-sqlite

sudo apt-get install php7.0-sqlite
sudo service apache2 restart

How to open Console window in Eclipse?

I also deleted my eclipse console by mistake, however what worked best for me was to type "console" in the "Quick Access" box to the right of the menu and that brought it right back! I'm running version 4.2.1, not sure if this Quick Accessbox is available in other versions.

Change button text from Xcode?

Yes. There is a method on UIButton -setTitle:forState: use that.

How do I turn off PHP Notices?

I prefer to not set the error_reporting inside my code. But in one case, a legacy product, there are so many notices, that they must be hidden.

So I used following snippet to set the serverside configured value for error_reporting but subtract the E_NOTICEs.

error_reporting(error_reporting() & ~E_NOTICE);

Now the error reporting setting can further be configured in php.ini or .htaccess. Only notices will always be disabled.

PHP combine two associative arrays into one array

UPDATE Just a quick note, as I can see this looks really stupid, and it has no good use with pure PHP because the array_merge just works there. BUT try it with the PHP MongoDB driver before you rush to downvote. That dude WILL add indexes for whatever reason, and WILL ruin the merged object. With my naïve little function, the merge comes out exactly the way it was supposed to with a traditional array_merge.


I know it's an old question but I'd like to add one more case I had recently with MongoDB driver queries and none of array_merge, array_replace nor array_push worked. I had a bit complex structure of objects wrapped as arrays in array:

$a = [
 ["a" => [1, "a2"]],
 ["b" => ["b1", 2]]
];
$t = [
 ["c" => ["c1", "c2"]],
 ["b" => ["b1", 2]]
];

And I needed to merge them keeping the same structure like this:

$merged = [
 ["a" => [1, "a2"]],
 ["b" => ["b1", 2]],
 ["c" => ["c1", "c2"]],
 ["b" => ["b1", 2]]
];

The best solution I came up with was this:

public static function glueArrays($arr1, $arr2) {
    // merges TWO (2) arrays without adding indexing. 
    $myArr = $arr1;
    foreach ($arr2 as $arrayItem) {
        $myArr[] = $arrayItem;
    }
    return $myArr;
}

Do Git tags only apply to the current branch?

If you want to create a tag from a branch which is something like release/yourbranch etc Then you should use something like

git tag YOUR_TAG_VERSION_OR_NAME origin/release/yourbranch

After creating proper tag if you wish to push the tag to remote then use the command

git push origin YOUR_TAG_VERSION_OR_NAME

LEFT INNER JOIN vs. LEFT OUTER JOIN - Why does the OUTER take longer?

The fact that the same number of rows is returned is an after fact, the query optimizer cannot know in advance that every row in Accepts has a matching row in Marker, can it?

If you join two tables A and B, say A has 1 million rows and B has 1 row. If you say A LEFT INNER JOIN B it means only rows that match both A and B can result, so the query plan is free to scan B first, then use an index to do a range scan in A, and perhaps return 10 rows. But if you say A LEFT OUTER JOIN B then at least all rows in A have to be returned, so the plan must scan everything in A no matter what it finds in B. By using an OUTER join you are eliminating one possible optimization.

If you do know that every row in Accepts will have a match in Marker, then why not declare a foreign key to enforce this? The optimizer will see the constraint, and if is trusted, will take it into account in the plan.

Changing the cursor in WPF sometimes works, sometimes doesn't

You can use a data trigger (with a view model) on the button to enable a wait cursor.

<Button x:Name="NextButton"
        Content="Go"
        Command="{Binding GoCommand }">
    <Button.Style>
         <Style TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
             <Setter Property="Cursor" Value="Arrow"/>
             <Style.Triggers>
                 <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding Path=IsWorking}" Value="True">
                     <Setter Property="Cursor" Value="Wait"/>
                 </DataTrigger>
             </Style.Triggers>
         </Style>
    </Button.Style>
</Button>

Here is the code from the view-model:

public class MainViewModel : ViewModelBase
{
   // most code removed for this example

   public MainViewModel()
   {
      GoCommand = new DelegateCommand<object>(OnGoCommand, CanGoCommand);
   }

   // flag used by data binding trigger
   private bool _isWorking = false;
   public bool IsWorking
   {
      get { return _isWorking; }
      set
      {
         _isWorking = value;
         OnPropertyChanged("IsWorking");
      }
   }

   // button click event gets processed here
   public ICommand GoCommand { get; private set; }
   private void OnGoCommand(object obj)
   {
      if ( _selectedCustomer != null )
      {
         // wait cursor ON
         IsWorking = true;
         _ds = OrdersManager.LoadToDataSet(_selectedCustomer.ID);
         OnPropertyChanged("GridData");

         // wait cursor off
         IsWorking = false;
      }
   }
}

Change keystore password from no password to a non blank password

If you're trying to do stuff with the Java default system keystore (cacerts), then the default password is changeit.

You can list keys without needing the password (even if it prompts you) so don't take that as an indication that it is blank.

(Incidentally who in the history of Java ever has changed the default keystore password? They should have left it blank.)

PHP Array to CSV

In my case, my array was multidimensional, potentially with arrays as values. So I created this recursive function to blow apart the array completely:

function array2csv($array, &$title, &$data) {
    foreach($array as $key => $value) {      
        if(is_array($value)) {
            $title .= $key . ",";
            $data .= "" . ",";
            array2csv($value, $title, $data);
        } else {
            $title .= $key . ",";
            $data .= '"' . $value . '",';
        }
    }
}

Since the various levels of my array didn't lend themselves well to a the flat CSV format, I created a blank column with the sub-array's key to serve as a descriptive "intro" to the next level of data. Sample output:

agentid     fname           lname      empid    totals  sales   leads   dish    dishnet top200_plus top120  latino  base_packages
G-adriana   ADRIANA EUGENIA PALOMO PAIZ 886                0    19              0         0         0         0      0

You could easily remove that "intro" (descriptive) column, but in my case I had repeating column headers, i.e. inbound_leads, in each sub-array, so that gave me a break/title preceding the next section. Remove:

$title .= $key . ",";
$data .= "" . ",";

after the is_array() to compact the code further and remove the extra column.

Since I wanted both a title row and data row, I pass two variables into the function and upon completion of the call to the function, terminate both with PHP_EOL:

$title .= PHP_EOL;
$data .= PHP_EOL;

Yes, I know I leave an extra comma, but for the sake of brevity, I didn't handle it here.

Numpy matrix to array

ravel() and flatten() functions from numpy are two techniques that I would try here. I will like to add to the posts made by Joe, Siraj, bubble and Kevad.

Ravel:

A = M.ravel()
print A, A.shape
>>> [1 2 3 4] (4,)

Flatten:

M = np.array([[1], [2], [3], [4]])
A = M.flatten()
print A, A.shape
>>> [1 2 3 4] (4,)

numpy.ravel() is faster, since it is a library level function which does not make any copy of the array. However, any change in array A will carry itself over to the original array M if you are using numpy.ravel().

numpy.flatten() is slower than numpy.ravel(). But if you are using numpy.flatten() to create A, then changes in A will not get carried over to the original array M.

numpy.squeeze() and M.reshape(-1) are slower than numpy.flatten() and numpy.ravel().

%timeit M.ravel()
>>> 1000000 loops, best of 3: 309 ns per loop

%timeit M.flatten()
>>> 1000000 loops, best of 3: 650 ns per loop

%timeit M.reshape(-1)
>>> 1000000 loops, best of 3: 755 ns per loop

%timeit np.squeeze(M)
>>> 1000000 loops, best of 3: 886 ns per loop

What is the keyguard in Android?

In a nutshell, it is your lockscreen.

PIN, pattern, face, password locks or the default lock (slide to unlock), but it is your lock screen.

Is the MIME type 'image/jpg' the same as 'image/jpeg'?

The important thing to note here is that the mime type is not the same as the file extension. Sometimes, however, they have the same value.

https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml includes a list of registered Mime types, though there is nothing stopping you from making up your own, as long as you are at both the sending and the receiving end. Here is where Microsoft comes in to the picture.

Where there is a lot of confusion is the fact that operating systems have their own way of identifying file types by using the tail end of the file name, referred to as the extension. In modern operating systems, the whole name is one long string, but in more primitive operating systems, it is treated as a separate attribute.

The OS which caused the confusion is MSDOS, which had limited the extension to 3 characters. This limitation is inherited to this day in devices, such as SD cards, which still store data in the same way.

One side effect of this limitation is that some file extensions, such as .gif match their Mime Type, image/gif, while others are compromised. This includes image/jpeg whose extension is shortened to .jpg. Even in modern Windows, where the limitation is lifted, Microsoft never let the past go, and so the file extension is still the shortened version.

Given that that:

  1. File Extensions are not File Types
  2. Historically, some operating systems had serious file name limitations
  3. Some operating systems will just go ahead and make up their own rules

The short answer is:

  • Technically, there is no such thing as image/jpg, so the answer is that it is not the same as image/jpeg
  • That won’t stop some operating systems and software from treating it as if it is the same

While we’re at it …

Legacy versions of Internet Explorer took the liberty of uploading jpeg files with the Mime Type of image/pjpeg, which, of course, just means more work for everybody else. They also uploaded png files as image/x-png.

Importing JSON into an Eclipse project

Download java-json.jar from here, which contains org.json.JSONArray

http://www.java2s.com/Code/JarDownload/java/java-json.jar.zip

nzip and add to your project's library: Project > Build Path > Configure build path> Select Library tab > Add External Libraries > Select the java-json.jar file.

Where to find 64 bit version of chromedriver.exe for Selenium WebDriver?

In the below mentioned link, ChromeDriver.exe for Windows 32 bit exist.

http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=2.24/

It is working for me in Win7 64 bit.

jQuery if div contains this text, replace that part of the text

Very simple just use this code, it will preserve the HTML, while removing unwrapped text only:

jQuery(function($){

    // Replace 'td' with your html tag
    $("td").html(function() { 

    // Replace 'ok' with string you want to change, you can delete 'hello everyone' to remove the text
          return $(this).html().replace("ok", "hello everyone");  

    });
});

Here is full example: https://blog.hfarazm.com/remove-unwrapped-text-jquery/

What does "SyntaxError: Missing parentheses in call to 'print'" mean in Python?

In Python 3, you can only print as:

print("STRING")

But in Python 2, the parentheses are not necessary.

How to set Java environment path in Ubuntu

Java is typically installed in /usr/java locate the version you have and then do the following:

Assuming you are using bash (if you are just starting off, i recommend bash over other shells) you can simply type in bash to start it.

Edit your ~/.bashrc file and add the paths as follows:

for eg. vi ~/.bashrc

insert following lines:

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/<your version of java>
export PATH=${PATH}:${JAVA_HOME}/bin

after you save the changes, exit and restart your bash or just type in bash to start a new shell

Type in export to ensure paths are right.

Type in java -version to ensure Java is accessible.

Python Decimals format

Only first part of Justin's answer is correct. Using "%.3g" will not work for all cases as .3 is not the precision, but total number of digits. Try it for numbers like 1000.123 and it breaks.

So, I would use what Justin is suggesting:

>>> ('%.4f' % 12340.123456).rstrip('0').rstrip('.')
'12340.1235'
>>> ('%.4f' % -400).rstrip('0').rstrip('.')
'-400'
>>> ('%.4f' % 0).rstrip('0').rstrip('.')
'0'
>>> ('%.4f' % .1).rstrip('0').rstrip('.')
'0.1'

How to change package name of an Android Application

I found the easiest solution was to use Regexxer to replace "com.package.name" with "com.newpackage.name", then rename the directories properly. Super easy, super fast.

Difference between res.send and res.json in Express.js

res.json forces the argument to JSON. res.send will take an non-json object or non-json array and send another type. For example:

This will return a JSON number.

res.json(100)

This will return a status code and issue a warning to use sendStatus.

res.send(100)

If your argument is not a JSON object or array (null,undefined,boolean,string), and you want to ensure it is sent as JSON, use res.json.

Fill SVG path element with a background-image

You can do it by making the background into a pattern:

<defs>
  <pattern id="img1" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse" width="100" height="100">
    <image href="wall.jpg" x="0" y="0" width="100" height="100" />
  </pattern>
</defs>

Adjust the width and height according to your image, then reference it from the path like this:

<path d="M5,50
         l0,100 l100,0 l0,-100 l-100,0
         M215,100
         a50,50 0 1 1 -100,0 50,50 0 1 1 100,0
         M265,50
         l50,100 l-100,0 l50,-100
         z"
  fill="url(#img1)" />

Working example

GROUP BY + CASE statement

Aliases can be used only if they were introduced in the preceding step. So aliases in the SELECT clause can be used in the ORDER BY but not the GROUP BY clause.

Reference: Microsoft T-SQL Documentation for further reading.

FROM
ON
JOIN
WHERE
GROUP BY
WITH CUBE or WITH ROLLUP
HAVING
SELECT
DISTINCT
ORDER BY
TOP

Hope this helps.

How to initialize an array in Java?

When you create an array of size 10 it allocated 10 slots but from 0 to 9. This for loop might help you see that a little better.

public class Array {
    int[] data = new int[10]; 
    /** Creates a new instance of an int Array */
    public Array() {
        for(int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
            data[i] = i*10;
        }
    }
}

Escape curly brace '{' in String.Format

Use double braces {{ or }} so your code becomes:

sb.AppendLine(String.Format("public {0} {1} {{ get; private set; }}", 
prop.Type, prop.Name));

// For prop.Type of "Foo" and prop.Name of "Bar", the result would be:
// public Foo Bar { get; private set; }

Calculate difference between 2 date / times in Oracle SQL

If you select two dates from 'your_table' and want too see the result as a single column output (eg. 'days - hh:mm:ss') you could use something like this. First you could calculate the interval between these two dates and after that export all the data you need from that interval:

         select     extract (day from numtodsinterval (second_date
                                                   - add_months (created_date,
                                                                 floor (months_between (second_date,created_date))),
                                                   'day'))
             || ' days - '
             || extract (hour from numtodsinterval (second_date
                                                    - add_months (created_date,
                                                                  floor (months_between (second_date,created_date))),
                                                    'day'))
             || ':'
             || extract (minute from numtodsinterval (second_date
                                                      - add_months (created_date,
                                                                    floor (months_between (second_date, created_date))),
                                                      'day'))
             || ':'
             || extract (second from numtodsinterval (second_date
                                                      - add_months (created_date,
                                                                    floor (months_between (second_date, created_date))),
                                                      'day'))
     from    your_table

And that should give you result like this: 0 days - 1:14:55

Connecting an input stream to an outputstream

BUFFER_SIZE is the size of chucks to read in. Should be > 1kb and < 10MB.

private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
private void copy(InputStream input, OutputStream output) throws IOException {
    try {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
        int bytesRead = input.read(buffer);
        while (bytesRead != -1) {
            output.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
            bytesRead = input.read(buffer);
        }
    //If needed, close streams.
    } finally {
        input.close();
        output.close();
    }
}

error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1 while installing eventlet

On MacOS I had trouble installing fbprophet which requires pystan which requires gcc to compile. I would consistently get the same error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

I think I fixed the problem for myself thus:

I used brew install gcc to install the newest version, which ended up being gcc-8

Then I made sure that when gcc ran it would use gcc-8 instead.

It either worked because I added alias gcc='gcc-8 in my .zshrc (same as .bashrc but for zsh), or because I ran export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH (see comment)

Also: all my attempts were inside a virtual environment and I only succeeded by installing fbprophet globally (with pip), but still no success inside a venv

git ignore vim temporary files

If You are using source control. vim temp files are quite useless.
So You might want to configure vim not to create them.

Just edit Your ~/.vimrc and add these lines:

set nobackup
set noswapfile

What is meaning of negative dbm in signal strength?

The power in dBm is the 10 times the logarithm of the ratio of actual Power/1 milliWatt.

dBm stands for "decibel milliwatts". It is a convenient way to measure power. The exact formula is

P(dBm) = 10 · log10( P(W) / 1mW ) 

where

P(dBm) = Power expressed in dBm   
P(W) = the absolute power measured in Watts   
mW = milliWatts   
log10 = log to base 10

From this formula, the power in dBm of 1 Watt is 30 dBm. Because the calculation is logarithmic, every increase of 3dBm is approximately equivalent to doubling the actual power of a signal.

There is a conversion calculator and a comparison table here. There is also a comparison table on the Wikipedia english page, but the value it gives for mobile networks is a bit off.

Your actual question was "does the - sign count?"

The answer is yes, it does.

-85 dBm is less powerful (smaller) than -60 dBm. To understand this, you need to look at negative numbers. Alternatively, think about your bank account. If you owe the bank 85 dollars/rands/euros/rupees (-85), you're poorer than if you only owe them 65 (-65), i.e. -85 is smaller than -65. Also, in temperature measurements, -85 is colder than -65 degrees.

Signal strengths for mobile networks are always negative dBm values, because the transmitted network is not strong enough to give positive dBm values.

How will this affect your location finding? I have no idea, because I don't know what technology you are using to estimate the location. The values you quoted correspond roughly to a 5 bar network in GSM, UMTS or LTE, so you shouldn't have be having any problems due to network strength.

Check an integer value is Null in c#

As stated above, ?? is the null coalescing operator. So the equivalent to

(Age ?? 0) == 0

without using the ?? operator is

(!Age.HasValue) || Age == 0

However, there is no version of .Net that has Nullable< T > but not ??, so your statement,

Now i have to check in a older application where the declaration part is not in ternary.

is doubly invalid.

How can I have a newline in a string in sh?

The problem isn't with the shell. The problem is actually with the echo command itself, and the lack of double quotes around the variable interpolation. You can try using echo -e but that isn't supported on all platforms, and one of the reasons printf is now recommended for portability.

You can also try and insert the newline directly into your shell script (if a script is what you're writing) so it looks like...

#!/bin/sh
echo "Hello
World"
#EOF

or equivalently

#!/bin/sh
string="Hello
World"
echo "$string"  # note double quotes!

Saving a Numpy array as an image

Pure Python (2 & 3), a snippet without 3rd party dependencies.

This function writes compressed, true-color (4 bytes per pixel) RGBA PNG's.

def write_png(buf, width, height):
    """ buf: must be bytes or a bytearray in Python3.x,
        a regular string in Python2.x.
    """
    import zlib, struct

    # reverse the vertical line order and add null bytes at the start
    width_byte_4 = width * 4
    raw_data = b''.join(
        b'\x00' + buf[span:span + width_byte_4]
        for span in range((height - 1) * width_byte_4, -1, - width_byte_4)
    )

    def png_pack(png_tag, data):
        chunk_head = png_tag + data
        return (struct.pack("!I", len(data)) +
                chunk_head +
                struct.pack("!I", 0xFFFFFFFF & zlib.crc32(chunk_head)))

    return b''.join([
        b'\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\n',
        png_pack(b'IHDR', struct.pack("!2I5B", width, height, 8, 6, 0, 0, 0)),
        png_pack(b'IDAT', zlib.compress(raw_data, 9)),
        png_pack(b'IEND', b'')])

... The data should be written directly to a file opened as binary, as in:

data = write_png(buf, 64, 64)
with open("my_image.png", 'wb') as fh:
    fh.write(data)

Is it possible to put a ConstraintLayout inside a ScrollView?

PROBLEM:

I had a problem with ConstraintLayout and ScrollView when i wanted to include it in another layout.

DECISION:

The solution to my problem was to use dataBinding.

dataBinding (layout)

Multidimensional arrays in Swift

Using http://blog.trolieb.com/trouble-multidimensional-arrays-swift/ as a start, I added generics to mine:

class Array2DTyped<T>{

var cols:Int, rows:Int
var matrix:[T]

init(cols:Int, rows:Int, defaultValue:T){
    self.cols = cols
    self.rows = rows
    matrix = Array(count:cols*rows,repeatedValue:defaultValue)
}

subscript(col:Int, row:Int) -> T {
    get{
        return matrix[cols * row + col]
    }
    set{
        matrix[cols * row + col] = newValue
    }
}

func colCount() -> Int {
    return self.cols
}

func rowCount() -> Int {
    return self.rows
}
}

how to view the contents of a .pem certificate

An alternative to using keytool, you can use the command

openssl x509 -in certificate.pem -text

This should work for any x509 .pem file provided you have openssl installed.

If you can decode JWT, how are they secure?

Let's discuss from the very beginning:

JWT is a very modern, simple and secure approach which extends for Json Web Tokens. Json Web Tokens are a stateless solution for authentication. So there is no need to store any session state on the server, which of course is perfect for restful APIs. Restful APIs should always be stateless, and the most widely used alternative to authentication with JWTs is to just store the user's log-in state on the server using sessions. But then of course does not follow the principle that says that restful APIs should be stateless and that's why solutions like JWT became popular and effective.

So now let's know how authentication actually works with Json Web Tokens. Assuming we already have a registered user in our database. So the user's client starts by making a post request with the username and the password, the application then checks if the user exists and if the password is correct, then the application will generate a unique Json Web Token for only that user.

The token is created using a secret string that is stored on a server. Next, the server then sends that JWT back to the client which will store it either in a cookie or in local storage. enter image description here

Just like this, the user is authenticated and basically logged into our application without leaving any state on the server.

So the server does in fact not know which user is actually logged in, but of course, the user knows that he's logged in because he has a valid Json Web Token which is a bit like a passport to access protected parts of the application.

So again, just to make sure you got the idea. A user is logged in as soon as he gets back his unique valid Json Web Token which is not saved anywhere on the server. And so this process is therefore completely stateless.

Then, each time a user wants to access a protected route like his user profile data, for example. He sends his Json Web Token along with a request, so it's a bit like showing his passport to get access to that route.

Once the request hits the server, our app will then verify if the Json Web Token is actually valid and if the user is really who he says he is, well then the requested data will be sent to the client and if not, then there will be an error telling the user that he's not allowed to access that resource. enter image description here

All this communication must happen over https, so secure encrypted Http in order to prevent that anyone can get access to passwords or Json Web Tokens. Only then we have a really secure system.

enter image description here

So a Json Web Token looks like left part of this screenshot which was taken from the JWT debugger at jwt.io. So essentially, it's an encoding string made up of three parts. The header, the payload and the signature Now the header is just some metadata about the token itself and the payload is the data that we can encode into the token, any data really that we want. So the more data we want to encode here the bigger the JWT. Anyway, these two parts are just plain text that will get encoded, but not encrypted.

So anyone will be able to decode them and to read them, we cannot store any sensitive data in here. But that's not a problem at all because in the third part, so in the signature, is where things really get interesting. The signature is created using the header, the payload, and the secret that is saved on the server.

And this whole process is then called signing the Json Web Token. The signing algorithm takes the header, the payload, and the secret to create a unique signature. So only this data plus the secret can create this signature, all right? Then together with the header and the payload, these signature forms the JWT, which then gets sent to the client. enter image description here

Once the server receives a JWT to grant access to a protected route, it needs to verify it in order to determine if the user really is who he claims to be. In other words, it will verify if no one changed the header and the payload data of the token. So again, this verification step will check if no third party actually altered either the header or the payload of the Json Web Token.

So, how does this verification actually work? Well, it is actually quite straightforward. Once the JWT is received, the verification will take its header and payload, and together with the secret that is still saved on the server, basically create a test signature.

But the original signature that was generated when the JWT was first created is still in the token, right? And that's the key to this verification. Because now all we have to do is to compare the test signature with the original signature. And if the test signature is the same as the original signature, then it means that the payload and the header have not been modified. enter image description here

Because if they had been modified, then the test signature would have to be different. Therefore in this case where there has been no alteration of the data, we can then authenticate the user. And of course, if the two signatures are actually different, well, then it means that someone tampered with the data. Usually by trying to change the payload. But that third party manipulating the payload does of course not have access to the secret, so they cannot sign the JWT. So the original signature will never correspond to the manipulated data. And therefore, the verification will always fail in this case. And that's the key to making this whole system work. It's the magic that makes JWT so simple, but also extremely powerful.

Enabling/installing GD extension? --without-gd

For PHP7.0 use (php7.1-gd, php7.2-gd, php7.3-gd and php7.4-gd are also available):

sudo apt-get install php7.0-gd

and than restart your webserver.

Finding version of Microsoft C++ compiler from command-line (for makefiles)

I had the same problem today. I needed to set a flag in a nmake Makefile if the cl compiler version is 15. Here is the hack I came up with:

!IF ([cl /? 2>&1 | findstr /C:"Version 15" > nul] == 0)
FLAG = "cl version 15"
!ENDIF

Note that cl /? prints the version information to the standard error stream and the help text to the standard output. To be able to check the version with the findstr command one must first redirect stderr to stdout using 2>&1.

The above idea can be used to write a Windows batch file that checks if the cl compiler version is <= a given number. Here is the code of cl_version_LE.bat:

@echo off
FOR /L %%G IN (10,1,%1) DO cl /? 2>&1 | findstr /C:"Version %%G" > nul && goto FOUND
EXIT /B 0
:FOUND
EXIT /B 1

Now if you want to set a flag in your nmake Makefile if the cl version <= 15, you can use:

!IF [cl_version_LE.bat 15]
FLAG = "cl version <= 15"
!ENDIF

Scheduled run of stored procedure on SQL server

Yes, if you use the SQL Server Agent.

Open your Enterprise Manager, and go to the Management folder under the SQL Server instance you are interested in. There you will see the SQL Server Agent, and underneath that you will see a Jobs section.

Here you can create a new job and you will see a list of steps you will need to create. When you create a new step, you can specify the step to actually run a stored procedure (type TSQL Script). Choose the database, and then for the command section put in something like:

exec MyStoredProcedure

That's the overview, post back here if you need any further advice.

[I actually thought I might get in first on this one, boy was I wrong :)]

Create, read, and erase cookies with jQuery

Use JavaScript Cookie plugin

Set a cookie

Cookies.set("example", "foo"); // Sample 1
Cookies.set("example", "foo", { expires: 7 }); // Sample 2
Cookies.set("example", "foo", { path: '/admin', expires: 7 }); // Sample 3

Get a cookie

alert( Cookies.get("example") );

Delete the cookie

Cookies.remove("example");
Cookies.remove('example', { path: '/admin' }) // Must specify path if used when setting.

What does the C++ standard state the size of int, long type to be?

Nope, there is no standard for type sizes. Standard only requires that:

sizeof(short int) <= sizeof(int) <= sizeof(long int)

The best thing you can do if you want variables of a fixed sizes is to use macros like this:

#ifdef SYSTEM_X
  #define WORD int
#else
  #define WORD long int
#endif

Then you can use WORD to define your variables. It's not that I like this but it's the most portable way.

How to override the properties of a CSS class using another CSS class

Just use !important it will help to override

background:none !important;

Although it is said to be a bad practice, !important can be useful for utility classes, you just need to use it responsibly, check this: When Using important is the right choice

jQuery - how to check if an element exists?

You can use length to see if your selector matched anything.

if ($('#MyId').length) {
    // do your stuff
}

Entity Framework and SQL Server View

If you do not want to mess with what should be the primary key, I recommend:

  1. Incorporate ROW_NUMBER into your selection
  2. Set it as primary key
  3. Set all other columns/members as non-primary in the model

How to get the day of week and the month of the year?

Using http://phrogz.net/JS/FormatDateTime_JS.txt you can just:

var now = new Date;
var prnDt = now.customFormat( "Printed on #DDDD#, #D# #MMMM# #YYYY# at #hhh#:#mm#:#ss#" );

Copy a table from one database to another in Postgres

As an alternative, you could also expose your remote tables as local tables using the foreign data wrapper extension. You can then insert into your tables by selecting from the tables in the remote database. The only downside is that it isn't very fast.

How to upload a file and JSON data in Postman?

If you need like Upload file in multipart using form data and send json data(Dto object) in same POST Request

Get yor JSON object as String in Controller and make it Deserialize by adding this line

ContactDto contactDto  = new ObjectMapper().readValue(yourJSONString, ContactDto.class);

await vs Task.Wait - Deadlock?

Wait and await - while similar conceptually - are actually completely different.

Wait will synchronously block until the task completes. So the current thread is literally blocked waiting for the task to complete. As a general rule, you should use "async all the way down"; that is, don't block on async code. On my blog, I go into the details of how blocking in asynchronous code causes deadlock.

await will asynchronously wait until the task completes. This means the current method is "paused" (its state is captured) and the method returns an incomplete task to its caller. Later, when the await expression completes, the remainder of the method is scheduled as a continuation.

You also mentioned a "cooperative block", by which I assume you mean a task that you're Waiting on may execute on the waiting thread. There are situations where this can happen, but it's an optimization. There are many situations where it can't happen, like if the task is for another scheduler, or if it's already started or if it's a non-code task (such as in your code example: Wait cannot execute the Delay task inline because there's no code for it).

You may find my async / await intro helpful.

TypeError: ObjectId('') is not JSON serializable

As a quick replacement, you can change {'owner': objectid} to {'owner': str(objectid)}.

But defining your own JSONEncoder is a better solution, it depends on your requirements.

vim - How to delete a large block of text without counting the lines?

If you turn on line numbers via set number you can simply dNNG which will delete to line NN from the current position. So you can navigate to the start of the line you wish to delete and simply d50G assuming that is the last line you wish to delete.

Save each sheet in a workbook to separate CSV files

@AlexDuggleby: you don't need to copy the worksheets, you can save them directly. e.g.:

Public Sub SaveWorksheetsAsCsv()
Dim WS As Excel.Worksheet
Dim SaveToDirectory As String

    SaveToDirectory = "C:\"

    For Each WS In ThisWorkbook.Worksheets
        WS.SaveAs SaveToDirectory & WS.Name, xlCSV
    Next

End Sub

Only potential problem is that that leaves your workbook saved as the last csv file. If you need to keep the original workbook you will need to SaveAs it.

ValueError: cannot reshape array of size 30470400 into shape (50,1104,104)

It seems that there is a typo, since 1104*1104*50=60940800 and you are trying to reshape to dimensions 50,1104,104. So it seems that you need to change 104 to 1104.

Automatically get loop index in foreach loop in Perl

Please consider:

print "Element at index $_ is $x[$_]\n" for keys @x;

PHP convert string to hex and hex to string

For people that end up here and are just looking for the hex representation of a (binary) string.

bin2hex("that's all you need");
# 74686174277320616c6c20796f75206e656564

hex2bin('74686174277320616c6c20796f75206e656564');
# that's all you need

Doc: bin2hex, hex2bin.

Underscore prefix for property and method names in JavaScript

That's only a convention. The Javascript language does not give any special meaning to identifiers starting with underscore characters.

That said, it's quite a useful convention for a language that doesn't support encapsulation out of the box. Although there is no way to prevent someone from abusing your classes' implementations, at least it does clarify your intent, and documents such behavior as being wrong in the first place.

How to copy files between two nodes using ansible

In 2021 you should install wrapper:

ansible-galaxy collection install ansible.posix

And use

- name: Synchronize two directories on one remote host.
  ansible.posix.synchronize:
    src: /first/absolute/path
    dest: /second/absolute/path
  delegate_to: "{{ inventory_hostname }}"

Read more:

https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/collections/ansible/posix/synchronize_module.html

Checked on:

ansible --version                          
ansible 2.10.5
  config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = ['/home/daniel/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/ansible
  executable location = /sbin/ansible
  python version = 3.9.1 (default, Dec 13 2020, 11:55:53) [GCC 10.2.0]

Combining two sorted lists in Python

Recursive implementation is below. Average performance is O(n).

def merge_sorted_lists(A, B, sorted_list = None):
    if sorted_list == None:
        sorted_list = []

    slice_index = 0
    for element in A:
        if element <= B[0]:
            sorted_list.append(element)
            slice_index += 1
        else:
            return merge_sorted_lists(B, A[slice_index:], sorted_list)

    return sorted_list + B

or generator with improved space complexity:

def merge_sorted_lists_as_generator(A, B):
    slice_index = 0
    for element in A:
        if element <= B[0]:
            slice_index += 1
            yield element       
        else:
            for sorted_element in merge_sorted_lists_as_generator(B, A[slice_index:]):
                yield sorted_element
            return        

    for element in B:
        yield element

Difference between Xms and Xmx and XX:MaxPermSize

Java objects reside in an area called the heap, while metadata such as class objects and method objects reside in the permanent generation or Perm Gen area. The permanent generation is not part of the heap.

The heap is created when the JVM starts up and may increase or decrease in size while the application runs. When the heap becomes full, garbage is collected. During the garbage collection objects that are no longer used are cleared, thus making space for new objects.

-Xmssize Specifies the initial heap size.

-Xmxsize Specifies the maximum heap size.

-XX:MaxPermSize=size Sets the maximum permanent generation space size. This option was deprecated in JDK 8, and superseded by the -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize option.

Sizes are expressed in bytes. Append the letter k or K to indicate kilobytes, m or M to indicate megabytes, g or G to indicate gigabytes.

References:

How is the java memory pool divided?

What is perm space?

Java (JVM) Memory Model – Memory Management in Java

Java 7 SE Command Line Options

Java 7 HotSpot VM Options

Proxy Basic Authentication in C#: HTTP 407 error

This method may avoid the need to hard code or configure proxy credentials, which may be desirable.

Put this in your application configuration file - probably app.config. Visual Studio will rename it to yourappname.exe.config on build, and it will end up next to your executable. If you don't have an application configuration file, just add one using Add New Item in Visual Studio.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.net>
    <defaultProxy useDefaultCredentials="true" />
  </system.net>
</configuration>

Input button target="_blank" isn't causing the link to load in a new window/tab

An input element does not support the target attribute. The target attribute is for a tags and that is where it should be used.

How to run (not only install) an android application using .apk file?

if you're looking for the equivalent of "adb run myapp.apk"

you can use the script shown in this answer

(linux and mac only - maybe with cygwin on windows)

linux/mac users can also create a script to run an apk with something like the following:

create a file named "adb-run.sh" with these 3 lines:

pkg=$(aapt dump badging $1|awk -F" " '/package/ {print $2}'|awk -F"'" '/name=/ {print $2}')
act=$(aapt dump badging $1|awk -F" " '/launchable-activity/ {print $2}'|awk -F"'" '/name=/ {print $2}')
adb shell am start -n $pkg/$act

then "chmod +x adb-run.sh" to make it executable.

now you can simply:

adb-run.sh myapp.apk

The benefit here is that you don't need to know the package name or launchable activity name. Similarly, you can create "adb-uninstall.sh myapp.apk"

Note: This requires that you have aapt in your path. You can find it under the new build tools folder in the SDK

Android: Force EditText to remove focus?

you have to remove <requestFocus/>

if you don't use it and still the same problem

user LinearLayout as a parent and set

android:focusable="true"
android:focusableInTouchMode="true"

Hope it's help you.

ASP.NET MVC 5 - Identity. How to get current ApplicationUser

You should not need to query the database directly for the current ApplicationUser.

That introduces a new dependency of having an extra context for starters, but going forward the user database tables change (3 times in the past 2 years) but the API is consistent. For example the users table is now called AspNetUsers in Identity Framework, and the names of several primary key fields kept changing, so the code in several answers will no longer work as-is.

Another problem is that the underlying OWIN access to the database will use a separate context, so changes from separate SQL access can produce invalid results (e.g. not seeing changes made to the database). Again the solution is to work with the supplied API and not try to work-around it.

The correct way to access the current user object in ASP.Net identity (as at this date) is:

var user = UserManager.FindById(User.Identity.GetUserId());

or, if you have an async action, something like:

var user = await UserManager.FindByIdAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId());

FindById requires you have the following using statement so that the non-async UserManager methods are available (they are extension methods for UserManager, so if you do not include this you will only see FindByIdAsync):

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;

If you are not in a controller at all (e.g. you are using IOC injection), then the user id is retrieved in full from:

System.Web.HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId();

If you are not in the standard Account controller you will need to add the following (as an example) to your controller:

1. Add these two properties:

    /// <summary>
    /// Application DB context
    /// </summary>
    protected ApplicationDbContext ApplicationDbContext { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// User manager - attached to application DB context
    /// </summary>
    protected UserManager<ApplicationUser> UserManager { get; set; }

2. Add this in the Controller's constructor:

    this.ApplicationDbContext = new ApplicationDbContext();
    this.UserManager = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(this.ApplicationDbContext));

Update March 2015

Note: The most recent update to Identity framework changes one of the underlying classes used for authentication. You can now access it from the Owin Context of the current HttpContent.

ApplicationUser user = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>().FindById(System.Web.HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.GetUserId());

Addendum:

When using EF and Identity Framework with Azure, over a remote database connection (e.g. local host testing to Azure database), you can randomly hit the dreaded “error: 19 - Physical connection is not usable”. As the cause is buried away inside Identity Framework, where you cannot add retries (or what appears to be a missing .Include(x->someTable)), you need to implement a custom SqlAzureExecutionStrategy in your project.

Time comparison

import java.util.Calendar;

Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
int currentHour = cal.get(Calendar.HOUR);
if (currentHour > 10 && currentHour < 18) {
    //then rock on
}

Setting Environment Variables for Node to retrieve

Windows-users: pay attention! These commands are recommended for Unix but on Windows they are only temporary. They set a variable for the current shell only, as soon as you restart your machine or start a new terminal shell, they will be gone.

  • SET TEST="hello world"
  • $env:TEST = "hello world"

To set a persistent environment variable on Windows you must instead use one of the following approaches:

A) .env file in your project - this is the best method because it will mean your can move your project to other systems without having to set up your environment vars on that system beore you can run your code.

  1. Create an .env file in your project folder root with the content: TEST="hello world"

  2. Write some node code that will read that file. I suggest installing dotenv ( npm install dotenv --save) and then add require('dotenv').config(); during your node setup code.

  3. Now your node code will be able to accessprocess.env.TEST

Env-files are a good of keeping api-keys and other secrets that you do not want to have in your code-base. Just make sure to add it to your .gitignore .

B) Use Powershell - this will create a variable that will be accessible in other terminals. But beware, the variable will be lost after you restart your computer.

[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("TEST", "hello world", "User")

This method is widely recommended on Windows forums, but I don't think people are aware that the variable doesn't persist after a system restart....

C) Use the Windows GUI

  1. Search for "Environment Variables" in the Start Menu Search or in the Control Panel
  2. Select "Edit the system environment variables"
  3. A dialogue will open. Click the button "Environment Variables" at the bottom of the dialogue.
  4. Now you've got a little window for editing variables. Just click the "New" button to add a new environment variable. Easy.

Kill some processes by .exe file name

My solution is to use Process.GetProcess() for listing all the processes.

By filtering them to contain the processes I want, I can then run Process.Kill() method to stop them:

var chromeDriverProcesses = Process.GetProcesses().
    Where(pr => pr.ProcessName == "chromedriver"); // without '.exe'
    
foreach (var process in chromeDriverProcesses)
{
     process.Kill();
}

Update:

In case if want to use async approach with some useful recent methods from the C# 8 (Async Enumerables), then check this out:

const string processName = "chromedriver"; // without '.exe'
await Process.GetProcesses()
             .Where(pr => pr.ProcessName == processName)
             .ToAsyncEnumerable()
             .ForEachAsync(p => p.Kill());

Note: using async methods doesn't always mean code will run faster, but it will not waste the CPU time and prevent the foreground thread from hanging while doing the operations. In any case, you need to think about what version you might want.

How to return a value from pthread threads in C?

You are returning the address of a local variable, which no longer exists when the thread function exits. In any case, why call pthread_exit? why not simply return a value from the thread function?

void *myThread()
{
   return (void *) 42;
}

and then in main:

printf("%d\n",(int)status);   

If you need to return a complicated value such a structure, it's probably easiest to allocate it dynamically via malloc() and return a pointer. Of course, the code that initiated the thread will then be responsible for freeing the memory.

C# - How to convert string to char?

For a single string String.ToCharArray should be used

string str = "One";
var charArray = str.ToCharArray();

For an array of strings

string[] arrayStrings = { "One", "Two", "Three" };
var charArrayList = arrayStrings.Select(str => str.ToCharArray()).ToList();

For a single character from a single string:

string str = "One";
var ch = str[0]; // means 'O'

Save a list to a .txt file

You can use inbuilt library pickle

This library allows you to save any object in python to a file

This library will maintain the format as well

import pickle
with open('/content/list_1.txt', 'wb') as fp:
    pickle.dump(list_1, fp)

you can also read the list back as an object using same library

with open ('/content/list_1.txt', 'rb') as fp:
    list_1 = pickle.load(fp)

reference : Writing a list to a file with Python

Adding a directory to the PATH environment variable in Windows

Use pathed from gtools.

It does things in an intuitive way. For example:

pathed /REMOVE "c:\my\folder"
pathed /APPEND "c:\my\folder"

It shows results without the need to spawn a new cmd!

Implementing multiple interfaces with Java - is there a way to delegate?

As said, there's no way. However, a bit decent IDE can autogenerate delegate methods. For example Eclipse can do. First setup a template:

public class MultipleInterfaces implements InterFaceOne, InterFaceTwo {
    private InterFaceOne if1;
    private InterFaceTwo if2;
}

then rightclick, choose Source > Generate Delegate Methods and tick the both if1 and if2 fields and click OK.

See also the following screens:

alt text


alt text


alt text

How do I get the name of the current executable in C#?

For windows apps (forms and console) I use this:

Add a reference to System.Windows.Forms in VS then:

using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace whatever
{
    class Program
    {
        static string ApplicationName = Application.ProductName.ToString();
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ........
        }
    }
}

This works correctly for me whether I am running the actual executable or debugging within VS.

Note that it returns the application name without the extension.

John

How change default SVN username and password to commit changes?

In TortiseSVN settings

right-click menu >> settings >> Saved data >> Authentication data [Clear]

The side effect is that it clears out all authentication data and you have to re-enter your own username/password.

Why isn't .ico file defined when setting window's icon?

Got stuck on that too...

Finally managed to set the icon i wanted using the following code:

from tkinter import *
root.tk.call('wm', 'iconphoto', root._w, PhotoImage(file='resources/icon.png'))

Fit cell width to content

For me, this is the best autofit and autoresize for table and its columns (use css !important ... only if you can't without)

.myclass table {
    table-layout: auto !important;
}

.myclass th, .myclass td, .myclass thead th, .myclass tbody td, .myclass tfoot td, .myclass tfoot th {
    width: auto !important;
}

Don't specify css width for table or for table columns. If table content is larger it will go over screen size to.

Object does not support item assignment error

Another way would be adding __getitem__, __setitem__ function

def __getitem__(self, key):
    return getattr(self, key)

You can use self[key] to access now.

How to modify existing XML file with XmlDocument and XmlNode in C#

You need to do something like this:

// instantiate XmlDocument and load XML from file
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(@"D:\test.xml");

// get a list of nodes - in this case, I'm selecting all <AID> nodes under
// the <GroupAIDs> node - change to suit your needs
XmlNodeList aNodes = doc.SelectNodes("/Equipment/DataCollections/GroupAIDs/AID");

// loop through all AID nodes
foreach (XmlNode aNode in aNodes)
{
   // grab the "id" attribute
   XmlAttribute idAttribute = aNode.Attributes["id"];

   // check if that attribute even exists...
   if (idAttribute != null)
   {
      // if yes - read its current value
      string currentValue = idAttribute.Value;

      // here, you can now decide what to do - for demo purposes,
      // I just set the ID value to a fixed value if it was empty before
      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(currentValue))
      {
         idAttribute.Value = "515";
      }
   }
}

// save the XmlDocument back to disk
doc.Save(@"D:\test2.xml");

How do I clone a range of array elements to a new array?

There's no single method that will do what you want. You will need to make a clone method available for the class in your array. Then, if LINQ is an option:

Foo[] newArray = oldArray.Skip(3).Take(5).Select(item => item.Clone()).ToArray();

class Foo
{
    public Foo Clone()
    {
        return (Foo)MemberwiseClone();
    }
}

Should I use Python 32bit or Python 64bit

64 bit version will allow a single process to use more RAM than 32 bit, however you may find that the memory footprint doubles depending on what you are storing in RAM (Integers in particular).

For example if your app requires > 2GB of RAM, so you switch from 32bit to 64bit you may find that your app is now requiring > 4GB of RAM.

Check whether all of your 3rd party modules are available in 64 bit, otherwise it may be easier to stick to 32bit in the meantime

Twitter Bootstrap Form File Element Upload Button

Try following in the Bootstrap v.3.3.4

<div>
    <input id="uplFile" type="file" style="display: none;">

    <div class="input-group" style="width: 300px;">
        <div  id="btnBrowse"  class="btn btn-default input-group-addon">Select a file...</div>
        <span id="photoCover" class="form-control">
    </div>
</div>

<script type="text/javascript">
    $('#uplFile').change(function() {
        $('#photoCover').text($(this).val());
    });

    $('#btnBrowse').click(function(){
        $('#uplFile').click();
    });
</script>

Calculating frames per second in a game

Well, certainly

frames / sec = 1 / (sec / frame)

But, as you point out, there's a lot of variation in the time it takes to render a single frame, and from a UI perspective updating the fps value at the frame rate is not usable at all (unless the number is very stable).

What you want is probably a moving average or some sort of binning / resetting counter.

For example, you could maintain a queue data structure which held the rendering times for each of the last 30, 60, 100, or what-have-you frames (you could even design it so the limit was adjustable at run-time). To determine a decent fps approximation you can determine the average fps from all the rendering times in the queue:

fps = # of rendering times in queue / total rendering time

When you finish rendering a new frame you enqueue a new rendering time and dequeue an old rendering time. Alternately, you could dequeue only when the total of the rendering times exceeded some preset value (e.g. 1 sec). You can maintain the "last fps value" and a last updated timestamp so you can trigger when to update the fps figure, if you so desire. Though with a moving average if you have consistent formatting, printing the "instantaneous average" fps on each frame would probably be ok.

Another method would be to have a resetting counter. Maintain a precise (millisecond) timestamp, a frame counter, and an fps value. When you finish rendering a frame, increment the counter. When the counter hits a pre-set limit (e.g. 100 frames) or when the time since the timestamp has passed some pre-set value (e.g. 1 sec), calculate the fps:

fps = # frames / (current time - start time)

Then reset the counter to 0 and set the timestamp to the current time.

sqlalchemy IS NOT NULL select

column_obj != None will produce a IS NOT NULL constraint:

In a column context, produces the clause a != b. If the target is None, produces a IS NOT NULL.

or use isnot() (new in 0.7.9):

Implement the IS NOT operator.

Normally, IS NOT is generated automatically when comparing to a value of None, which resolves to NULL. However, explicit usage of IS NOT may be desirable if comparing to boolean values on certain platforms.

Demo:

>>> from sqlalchemy.sql import column
>>> column('YourColumn') != None
<sqlalchemy.sql.elements.BinaryExpression object at 0x10c8d8b90>
>>> str(column('YourColumn') != None)
'"YourColumn" IS NOT NULL'
>>> column('YourColumn').isnot(None)
<sqlalchemy.sql.elements.BinaryExpression object at 0x104603850>
>>> str(column('YourColumn').isnot(None))
'"YourColumn" IS NOT NULL'

How can you run a Java program without main method?

Applets from what I remember do not need a main method, though I am not sure they are technically a program.

Java: how to convert HashMap<String, Object> to array

If you want the keys and values, you can always do this via the entrySet:

hashMap.entrySet().toArray(); // returns a Map.Entry<K,V>[]

From each entry you can (of course) get both the key and value via the getKey and getValue methods

How to initialize struct?

  1. Will "length" ever deviate from the real length of "s". If the answer is no, then you don't need to store length, because strings store their length already, and you can just call s.Length.

  2. To get the syntax you asked for, you can implement an "implicit" operator like so:

    static implicit operator MyStruct(string s) {
        return new MyStruct(...);
    }
    
  3. The implicit operator will work, regardless of whether you make your struct mutable or not.

How should I pass multiple parameters to an ASP.Net Web API GET?

    public HttpResponseMessage Get(int id,string numb)
    {
        //this will differ according to your entity name
        using (MarketEntities entities = new MarketEntities())
        {
          var ent=  entities.Api_For_Test.FirstOrDefault(e => e.ID == id && e.IDNO.ToString()== numb);
            if (ent != null)
            {
                return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK, ent);
            }
            else
            {
                return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound, "Applicant with ID " + id.ToString() + " not found in the system");
            }
        }
    }

How can I read comma separated values from a text file in Java?

//lat=3434&lon=yy38&rd=1.0&| in that format o/p is displaying

public class ReadText {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        FileInputStream f= new FileInputStream("D:/workplace/sample/bookstore.txt");
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(f));
        String strline;
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        while ((strline = br.readLine()) != null)
        {
            String[] arraylist=StringUtils.split(strline, ",");
            if(arraylist.length == 2){
                sb.append("lat=").append(StringUtils.trim(arraylist[0])).append("&lon=").append(StringUtils.trim(arraylist[1])).append("&rt=1.0&|");

            } else {
                System.out.println("Error: "+strline);
            }
        }
        System.out.println("Data: "+sb.toString());
    }
}

Call javascript from MVC controller action

Yes, it is definitely possible using Javascript Result:

return JavaScript("Callback()");

Javascript should be referenced by your view:

function Callback(){
    // do something where you can call an action method in controller to pass some data via AJAX() request
}

Location of the android sdk has not been setup in the preferences in mac os?

had the same problem in windows, the reason is always displayed at the top of the window(where you browse for the location)

How to set value in @Html.TextBoxFor in Razor syntax?

This works for me, in MVC5:

@Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.Name, new { @class = "form-control", id = "theID" , @Value="test" })

java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.eclipse.core.runtime.adaptor.EclipseStarter

In your config.ini file of eclipse eclipse\configuration\config.ini check this three things:

osgi.framework=file\:plugins\\org.eclipse.osgi_3.4.2.R34x_v20080826-1230.jar
osgi.bundles=reference\:file\:org.eclipse.equinox.simpleconfigurator_1.0.0.v20080604.jar@1\:start
org.eclipse.equinox.simpleconfigurator.configUrl=file\:org.eclipse.equinox.simpleconfigurator\\bundles.info

And check whether these jars are in place or not, the jar files depend upon your version of eclipse .

T-SQL datetime rounded to nearest minute and nearest hours with using functions

declare @dt datetime

set @dt = '09-22-2007 15:07:38.850'

select dateadd(mi, datediff(mi, 0, @dt), 0)
select dateadd(hour, datediff(hour, 0, @dt), 0)

will return

2007-09-22 15:07:00.000
2007-09-22 15:00:00.000

The above just truncates the seconds and minutes, producing the results asked for in the question. As @OMG Ponies pointed out, if you want to round up/down, then you can add half a minute or half an hour respectively, then truncate:

select dateadd(mi, datediff(mi, 0, dateadd(s, 30, @dt)), 0)
select dateadd(hour, datediff(hour, 0, dateadd(mi, 30, @dt)), 0)

and you'll get:

2007-09-22 15:08:00.000
2007-09-22 15:00:00.000

Before the date data type was added in SQL Server 2008, I would use the above method to truncate the time portion from a datetime to get only the date. The idea is to determine the number of days between the datetime in question and a fixed point in time (0, which implicitly casts to 1900-01-01 00:00:00.000):

declare @days int
set @days = datediff(day, 0, @dt)

and then add that number of days to the fixed point in time, which gives you the original date with the time set to 00:00:00.000:

select dateadd(day, @days, 0)

or more succinctly:

select dateadd(day, datediff(day, 0, @dt), 0)

Using a different datepart (e.g. hour, mi) will work accordingly.

Paritition array into N chunks with Numpy

Just some examples on usage of array_split, split, hsplit and vsplit:

n [9]: a = np.random.randint(0,10,[4,4])

In [10]: a
Out[10]: 
array([[2, 2, 7, 1],
       [5, 0, 3, 1],
       [2, 9, 8, 8],
       [5, 7, 7, 6]])

Some examples on using array_split:
If you give an array or list as second argument you basically give the indices (before) which to 'cut'

# split rows into 0|1 2|3
In [4]: np.array_split(a, [1,3])
Out[4]:                                                                                                                       
[array([[2, 2, 7, 1]]),                                                                                                       
 array([[5, 0, 3, 1],                                                                                                         
       [2, 9, 8, 8]]),                                                                                                        
 array([[5, 7, 7, 6]])]

# split columns into 0| 1 2 3
In [5]: np.array_split(a, [1], axis=1)                                                                                           
Out[5]:                                                                                                                       
[array([[2],                                                                                                                  
       [5],                                                                                                                   
       [2],                                                                                                                   
       [5]]),                                                                                                                 
 array([[2, 7, 1],                                                                                                            
       [0, 3, 1],
       [9, 8, 8],
       [7, 7, 6]])]

An integer as second arg. specifies the number of equal chunks:

In [6]: np.array_split(a, 2, axis=1)
Out[6]: 
[array([[2, 2],
       [5, 0],
       [2, 9],
       [5, 7]]),
 array([[7, 1],
       [3, 1],
       [8, 8],
       [7, 6]])]

split works the same but raises an exception if an equal split is not possible

In addition to array_split you can use shortcuts vsplit and hsplit.
vsplit and hsplit are pretty much self-explanatry:

In [11]: np.vsplit(a, 2)
Out[11]: 
[array([[2, 2, 7, 1],
       [5, 0, 3, 1]]),
 array([[2, 9, 8, 8],
       [5, 7, 7, 6]])]

In [12]: np.hsplit(a, 2)
Out[12]: 
[array([[2, 2],
       [5, 0],
       [2, 9],
       [5, 7]]),
 array([[7, 1],
       [3, 1],
       [8, 8],
       [7, 6]])]

ASP.NET MVC Yes/No Radio Buttons with Strongly Bound Model MVC

or MVC 2.0:

<%= Html.RadioButtonFor(model => model.blah, true) %> Yes
<%= Html.RadioButtonFor(model => model.blah, false) %> No

Setting environment variables for accessing in PHP when using Apache

If your server is Ubuntu and Apache version is 2.4

Server version: Apache/2.4.29 (Ubuntu)

Then you export variables in "/etc/apache2/envvars" location.

Just like this below line, you need to add an extra line in "/etc/apache2/envvars" export GOROOT=/usr/local/go

How to create batch file in Windows using "start" with a path and command with spaces

Actually, his example won't work (although at first I thought that it would, too). Based on the help for the Start command, the first parameter is the name of the newly created Command Prompt window, and the second and third should be the path to the application and its parameters, respectively. If you add another "" before path to the app, it should work (at least it did for me). Use something like this:

start "" "c:\path with spaces\app.exe" param1 "param with spaces"

You can change the first argument to be whatever you want the title of the new command prompt to be. If it's a Windows app that is created, then the command prompt won't be displayed, and the title won't matter.

Largest and smallest number in an array

Int[] number ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
Int? Result = null;
 foreach(Int i in number)

    {
       If(!Result.HasValue || i< Result)

        { 

            Result =i;
         }
     }

     Console.WriteLine(Result);
   }

Access properties file programmatically with Spring?

Create a class like below

    package com.tmghealth.common.util;

    import java.util.Properties;

    import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;

    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;

    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer;

    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

    import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;

    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;


    @Component
    @Configuration
    @PropertySource(value = { "classpath:/spring/server-urls.properties" })
    public class PropertiesReader extends PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer {

        @Override
        protected void processProperties(
                ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, Properties props)
                throws BeansException {
            super.processProperties(beanFactory, props);

        }

    }

Then wherever you want to access a property use

    @Autowired
        private Environment environment;
    and getters and setters then access using 

    environment.getProperty(envName
                    + ".letter.fdi.letterdetails.restServiceUrl");

-- write getters and setters in the accessor class

    public Environment getEnvironment() {
            return environment;
        }`enter code here`

        public void setEnvironment(Environment environment) {
            this.environment = environment;
        }

Android M Permissions: onRequestPermissionsResult() not being called

I hope it works fine

For Activity :

 ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,permissionsList,REQUEST_CODE);

For Fragment :

 requestPermissions(permissionsList,REQUEST_CODE);

How to checkout in Git by date?

Going further with the rev-list option, if you want to find the most recent merge commit from your master branch into your production branch (as a purely hypothetical example):

git checkout `git rev-list -n 1 --merges --first-parent --before="2012-01-01" production`

I needed to find the code that was on the production servers as of a given date. This found it for me.

How to replace DOM element in place using Javascript?

This question is very old, but I found myself studying for a Microsoft Certification, and in the study book it was suggested to use:

oldElement.replaceNode(newElement)

I looked it up and it seems to only be supported in IE. Doh..

I thought I'd just add it here as a funny side note ;)

How to JOIN three tables in Codeigniter

Try as follows:

public function funcname($id)
{
    $this->db->select('*');
    $this->db->from('Album a'); 
    $this->db->join('Category b', 'b.cat_id=a.cat_id', 'left');
    $this->db->join('Soundtrack c', 'c.album_id=a.album_id', 'left');
    $this->db->where('c.album_id',$id);
    $this->db->order_by('c.track_title','asc');         
    $query = $this->db->get(); 
    return $query->result_array();
}

If no result found CI returns false otherwise true

Jquery Setting Value of Input Field

use this code for set value in input tag by another id.

$(".formdata").val(document.getElementById("fsd").innerHTML);

or use this code for set value in input tag using classname="formdata"

$(".formdata").val("hello");

Override devise registrations controller

I believe there is a better solution than rewrite the RegistrationsController. I did exactly the same thing (I just have Organization instead of Company).

If you set properly your nested form, at model and view level, everything works like a charm.

My User model:

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  # Include default devise modules. Others available are:
  # :token_authenticatable, :confirmable, :lockable and :timeoutable
  devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable,
     :recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable, :validatable

  has_many :owned_organizations, :class_name => 'Organization', :foreign_key => :owner_id

  has_many :organization_memberships
  has_many :organizations, :through => :organization_memberships

  # Setup accessible (or protected) attributes for your model
  attr_accessible :email, :password, :password_confirmation, :remember_me, :name, :username, :owned_organizations_attributes

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :owned_organizations
  ...
end

My Organization Model:

class Organization < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :owner, :class_name => 'User'
  has_many :organization_memberships
  has_many :users, :through => :organization_memberships
  has_many :contracts

  attr_accessor :plan_name

  after_create :set_owner_membership, :set_contract
  ...
end

My view : 'devise/registrations/new.html.erb'

<h2>Sign up</h2>

<% resource.owned_organizations.build if resource.owned_organizations.empty? %>
<%= form_for(resource, :as => resource_name, :url => registration_path(resource_name)) do |f| %>
  <%= devise_error_messages! %>

  <p><%= f.label :name %><br />
    <%= f.text_field :name %></p>

  <p><%= f.label :email %><br />
    <%= f.text_field :email %></p>

  <p><%= f.label :username %><br />
    <%= f.text_field :username %></p>

  <p><%= f.label :password %><br />
    <%= f.password_field :password %></p>

  <p><%= f.label :password_confirmation %><br />
    <%= f.password_field :password_confirmation %></p>

  <%= f.fields_for :owned_organizations do |organization_form| %>

    <p><%= organization_form.label :name %><br />
      <%= organization_form.text_field :name %></p>

    <p><%= organization_form.label :subdomain %><br />
      <%= organization_form.text_field :subdomain %></p>

    <%= organization_form.hidden_field :plan_name, :value => params[:plan] %>

  <% end %>

  <p><%= f.submit "Sign up" %></p>
<% end %>

<%= render :partial => "devise/shared/links" %>

What is the difference between absolute and relative xpaths? Which is preferred in Selenium automation testing?

Absolute XPath: It is the direct way to find the element, but the disadvantage of the absolute XPath is that if there are any changes made in the path of the element then that XPath gets failed.

The key characteristic of XPath is that it begins with the single forward slash(/) ,which means you can select the element from the root node.

Below is the example of an absolute xpath.

/html/body/div[1]/section/div/div[2]/div/form/div[2]/input[3]

Relative Xpath: Relative Xpath starts from the middle of HTML DOM structure. It starts with double forward slash (//). It can search elements anywhere on the webpage, means no need to write a long xpath and you can start from the middle of HTML DOM structure. Relative Xpath is always preferred as it is not a complete path from the root element.

Below is the example of a relative XPath.

//input[@name=’email’]

What is the difference between varchar and nvarchar?

nvarchar stores data as Unicode, so, if you're going to store multilingual data (more than one language) in a data column you need the N variant.

Test class with a new() call in it with Mockito

I am all for Eran Harel's solution and in cases where it isn't possible, Tomasz Nurkiewicz's suggestion for spying is excellent. However, it's worth noting that there are situations where neither would apply. E.g. if the login method was a bit "beefier":

public class TestedClass {
    public LoginContext login(String user, String password) {
        LoginContext lc = new LoginContext("login", callbackHandler);
        lc.doThis();
        lc.doThat();
        return lc;
    }
}

... and this was old code that could not be refactored to extract the initialization of a new LoginContext to its own method and apply one of the aforementioned solutions.

For completeness' sake, it's worth mentioning a third technique - using PowerMock to inject the mock object when the new operator is called. PowerMock isn't a silver bullet, though. It works by applying byte-code manipulation on the classes it mocks, which could be dodgy practice if the tested classes employ byte code manipulation or reflection and at least from my personal experience, has been known to introduce a performance hit to the test. Then again, if there are no other options, the only option must be the good option:

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(TestedClass.class)
public class TestedClassTest {

    @Test
    public void testLogin() {
        LoginContext lcMock = mock(LoginContext.class);
        whenNew(LoginContext.class).withArguments(anyString(), anyString()).thenReturn(lcMock);
        TestedClass tc = new TestedClass();
        tc.login ("something", "something else");
        // test the login's logic
    }
}

Get column index from label in a data frame

This seems to be an efficient way to list vars with column number:

cbind(names(df)) 

Output:

     [,1]
[1,] "A" 
[2,] "B" 
[3,] "C" 

Sometimes I like to copy variables with position into my code so I use this function:

varnums<- function(x) {w=as.data.frame(c(1:length(colnames(x))),
          paste0('# ',colnames(x)))
names(w)= c("# Var/Pos")
w}
varnums(df)

Output:

# Var/Pos
# A         1
# B         2
# C         3

HTML5 Email Validation

A bit late for the party, but this regular expression helped me to validate email type input in the client side. Though, we should always do verification in server side also.

<input type="email" pattern="^([a-zA-Z0-9_\-\.]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?)$">

You can find more regex of all kinds here.

Why am I getting tree conflicts in Subversion?

Subversion 1.6 added Tree Conflicts to cover conflicts at the directory level. A good example would be when you locally delete a file then an update tries to bring a text change down on that file. Another is when you you have a subversion Rename of a file you are editing since that is an Add/Delete action.

CollabNet's Subversion Blog has a great article on Tree Conflicts.

Open Cygwin at a specific folder

I have created the batch file and put it to the Cygwin's /bin directory. This script was developed so it allows to install/uninstall the registry entries for opening selected folders and drives in Cygwin. For details see the link http://with-love-from-siberia.blogspot.com/2013/12/cygwin-here.html.

update: This solution does the same as early suggestions but all manipulations with Windows Registry are hidden within the script.

Perform the command to install

cyghere.bat /install

Perform the command to uninstall

cyghere.bat /uninstall

How to create a multi line body in C# System.Net.Mail.MailMessage

I usually like a StringBuilder when I'm working with MailMessage. Adding new lines is easy (via the AppendLine method), and you can simply set the Message's Body equal to StringBuilder.ToString() (... for the instance of StringBuilder).

StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder("my content here...");
result.AppendLine(); // break line

Check if string is upper, lower, or mixed case in Python

I want to give a shoutout for using re module for this. Specially in the case of case sensitivity.

We use the option re.IGNORECASE while compiling the regex for use of in production environments with large amounts of data.

>>> import re
>>> m = ['isalnum','isalpha', 'isdigit', 'islower', 'isspace', 'istitle', 'isupper', 'ISALNUM', 'ISALPHA', 'ISDIGIT', 'ISLOWER', 'ISSPACE', 'ISTITLE', 'ISUPPER']
>>>
>>>
>>> pattern = re.compile('is')
>>>
>>> [word for word in m if pattern.match(word)]
['isalnum', 'isalpha', 'isdigit', 'islower', 'isspace', 'istitle', 'isupper']

However try to always use the in operator for string comparison as detailed in this post

faster-operation-re-match-or-str

Also detailed in the one of the best books to start learning python with

idiomatic-python

Finding a substring within a list in Python

I'd just use a simple regex, you can do something like this

import re
old_list = ['abc123', 'def456', 'ghi789']
new_list = [x for x in old_list if re.search('abc', x)]
for item in new_list:
    print item

How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP?

If you're familiar with jQuery selector, you can use ScarletsQuery for PHP

<pre><?php
include "ScarletsQuery.php";

// Load the HTML content and parse it
$html = file_get_contents('https://www.lipsum.com');
$dom = Scarlets\Library\MarkupLanguage::parseText($html);

// Select meta tag on the HTML header
$description = $dom->selector('head meta[name="description"]')[0];

// Get 'content' attribute value from meta tag
print_r($description->attr('content'));

$description = $dom->selector('#Content p');

// Get element array
print_r($description->view);

This library usually taking less than 1 second to process offline html.
It also accept invalid HTML or missing quote on tag attributes.

insert password into database in md5 format?

Don't use MD5 as it is insecure. I would recommend using SHA or bcrypt with a salt:

SHA256('".$password."')

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(cryptography)

Linux shell sort file according to the second column?

FWIW, here is a sort method for showing which processes are using the most virt memory.

memstat | sort -k 1 -t':' -g -r | less

Sort options are set to first column, using : as column seperator, numeric sort and sort in reverse.

TypeError: can't use a string pattern on a bytes-like object in re.findall()

The problem is that your regex is a string, but html is bytes:

>>> type(html)
<class 'bytes'>

Since python doesn't know how those bytes are encoded, it throws an exception when you try to use a string regex on them.

You can either decode the bytes to a string:

html = html.decode('ISO-8859-1')  # encoding may vary!
title = re.findall(pattern, html)  # no more error

Or use a bytes regex:

regex = rb'<title>(,+?)</title>'
#        ^

In this particular context, you can get the encoding from the response headers:

with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as response:
    encoding = response.info().get_param('charset', 'utf8')
    html = response.read().decode(encoding)

See the urlopen documentation for more details.

How to parse a CSV file using PHP

I love this

        $data = str_getcsv($CsvString, "\n"); //parse the rows
        foreach ($data as &$row) {
            $row = str_getcsv($row, "; or , or whatever you want"); //parse the items in rows 
            $this->debug($row);
        }

in my case I am going to get a csv through web services, so in this way I don't need to create the file. But if you need to parser with a file, it's only necessary to pass as string

Spring Boot - Cannot determine embedded database driver class for database type NONE

I'd the similar problem and excluding the DataSourceAutoConfiguration and HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration solved the problem.

I have added these two lines in my application.properties file and it worked.

> spring.autoconfigure.exclude[0]=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration
> spring.autoconfigure.exclude[1]=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration

How do you install an APK file in the Android emulator?

Just drag and drop your apk to emulator

Creating random colour in Java?

A one-liner for random RGB values:

new Color((int)(Math.random() * 0x1000000))

What is the best way to add options to a select from a JavaScript object with jQuery?

if (data.length != 0) {
    var opts = "";
    for (i in data)
        opts += "<option value='"+data[i][value]+"'>"+data[i][text]+"</option>";

    $("#myselect").empty().append(opts);
}

This manipulates the DOM only once after first building a giant string.

How to validate white spaces/empty spaces? [Angular 2]

To automatically remove all spaces from input field you need to create custom validator.

removeSpaces(c: FormControl) {
  if (c && c.value) {
    let removedSpaces = c.value.split(' ').join('');
    c.value !== removedSpaces && c.setValue(removedSpaces);
  }
  return null;
}

It works with entered and pasted text.

How to calculate distance between two locations using their longitude and latitude value

There is an android.location.Location.distanceBetween() method which does this quite well.

Android Developer Docs: Location

Key error when selecting columns in pandas dataframe after read_csv

use sep='\s*,\s*' so that you will take care of spaces in column-names:

transactions = pd.read_csv('transactions.csv', sep=r'\s*,\s*',
                           header=0, encoding='ascii', engine='python')

alternatively you can make sure that you don't have unquoted spaces in your CSV file and use your command (unchanged)

prove:

print(transactions.columns.tolist())

Output:

['product_id', 'customer_id', 'store_id', 'promotion_id', 'month_of_year', 'quarter', 'the_year', 'store_sales', 'store_cost', 'unit_sales', 'fact_count']

jQuery Combobox/select autocomplete?

jQuery 1.8.1 has an example of this under autocomplete. It's very easy to implement.

What is Bootstrap?

Bootstrap is Open source HTML Framework. which compatible at almost every Browser. Basically Large Screen Browser width is >992px and extra Large 1200px. so by using Bootstrap defined classes we can adjust screen resolution for displaying contents at every screen from small mobiles to Larger Screen. I tried to explain very short. for Example :

<div class="col-sm-3">....</div>
<div class="col-sm-9">....</div>

Declaring variables in Excel Cells

I also just found out how to do this with the Excel Name Manager (Formulas > Defined Names Section > Name Manager).

You can define a variable that doesn't have to "live" within a cell and then you can use it in formulas.

Excel Name Manager

Strings as Primary Keys in SQL Database

It doesn't matter what you use as a primary key so long as it is UNIQUE. If you care about speed or good database design use the int unless you plan on replicating data, then use a GUID.

If this is an access database or some tiny app then who really cares. I think the reason why most of us developers slap the old int or guid at the front is because projects have a way of growing on us, and you want to leave yourself the option to grow.

After submitting a POST form open a new window showing the result

If you want to create and submit your form from Javascript as is in your question and you want to create popup window with custom features I propose this solution (I put comments above the lines i added):

var form = document.createElement("form");
form.setAttribute("method", "post");
form.setAttribute("action", "test.jsp");

// setting form target to a window named 'formresult'
form.setAttribute("target", "formresult");

var hiddenField = document.createElement("input");              
hiddenField.setAttribute("name", "id");
hiddenField.setAttribute("value", "bob");
form.appendChild(hiddenField);
document.body.appendChild(form);

// creating the 'formresult' window with custom features prior to submitting the form
window.open('test.html', 'formresult', 'scrollbars=no,menubar=no,height=600,width=800,resizable=yes,toolbar=no,status=no');

form.submit();

How to use a variable of one method in another method?

You can't. Variables defined inside a method are local to that method.

If you want to share variables between methods, then you'll need to specify them as member variables of the class. Alternatively, you can pass them from one method to another as arguments (this isn't always applicable).


Looks like you're using instance methods instead of static ones.

If you don't want to create an object, you should declare all your methods static, so something like

private static void methodName(Argument args...)

If you want a variable to be accessible by all these methods, you should initialise it outside the methods and to limit its scope, declare it private.

private static int[][] array = new int[3][5];

Global variables are usually looked down upon (especially for situations like your one) because in a large-scale program they can wreak havoc, so making it private will prevent some problems at the least.

Also, I'll say the usual: You should try to keep your code a bit tidy. Use descriptive class, method and variable names and keep your code neat (with proper indentation, linebreaks etc.) and consistent.

Here's a final (shortened) example of what your code should be like:

public class Test3 {
    //Use this array in your methods
    private static int[][] scores = new int[3][5];

    /* Rather than just "Scores" name it so people know what
     * to expect
     */
    private static void createScores() {
        //Code...
    }
    //Other methods...

    /* Since you're now using static methods, you don't 
     * have to initialise an object and call its methods.
     */
    public static void main(String[] args){
        createScores();
        MD();   //Don't know what these do
        sumD(); //so I'll leave them.
    }
}

Ideally, since you're using an array, you would create the array in the main method and pass it as an argument across each method, but explaining how that works is probably a whole new question on its own so I'll leave it at that.

How do I save a stream to a file in C#?

public void testdownload(stream input)
{
    byte[] buffer = new byte[16345];
    using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(this.FullLocalFilePath,
                        FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))
    {
        int read;
        while ((read = input.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0)
        {
             fs.Write(buffer, 0, read);
        }
    }
}

My Routes are Returning a 404, How can I Fix Them?

Try enabling short php tags in your php.ini. WAMP has them off usually and laravel needs them on.

Order by descending date - month, day and year

try ORDER BY MONTH(Date),DAY(DATE)

Try this:

ORDER BY YEAR(Date) DESC, MONTH(Date) DESC, DAY(DATE) DESC

Worked perfectly on a JET DB.

CentOS: Copy directory to another directory

cp -r /home/server/folder/test /home/server/

rails 3 validation on uniqueness on multiple attributes

Multiple Scope Parameters:

class TeacherSchedule < ActiveRecord::Base
  validates_uniqueness_of :teacher_id, :scope => [:semester_id, :class_id]
end

http://apidock.com/rails/ActiveRecord/Validations/ClassMethods/validates_uniqueness_of

This should answer Greg's question.

How to declare strings in C

This link should satisfy your curiosity.

Basically (forgetting your third example which is bad), the different between 1 and 2 is that 1 allocates space for a pointer to the array.

But in the code, you can manipulate them as pointers all the same -- only thing, you cannot reallocate the second.

Pandas get the most frequent values of a column

You could try argmax like this:

dataframe['name'].value_counts().argmax() Out[13]: 'alex'

The value_counts will return a count object of pandas.core.series.Series and argmax could be used to achieve the key of max values.

Getting data posted in between two dates

if you want to force using BETWEEN keyword on Codeigniter query helper. You can use where without escape false like this code. Works well on CI version 3.1.5. Hope its help someone.

if(!empty($tglmin) && !empty($tglmax)){
        $this->db->group_start();
        $this->db->where('DATE(create_date) BETWEEN "'.$tglmin.'" AND "'.$tglmax.'"', '',false);
        $this->db->group_end();
    }

How to get base url in CodeIgniter 2.*

You need to load the URL Helper in order to use base_url(). In your controller, do:

$this->load->helper('url');

Then in your view you can do:

echo base_url();

Multiplying across in a numpy array

For those lost souls on google, using numpy.expand_dims then numpy.repeat will work, and will also work in higher dimensional cases (i.e. multiplying a shape (10, 12, 3) by a (10, 12)).

>>> import numpy
>>> a = numpy.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]])
>>> b = numpy.array([0,1,2])
>>> b0 = numpy.expand_dims(b, axis = 0)
>>> b0 = numpy.repeat(b0, a.shape[0], axis = 0)
>>> b1 = numpy.expand_dims(b, axis = 1)
>>> b1 = numpy.repeat(b1, a.shape[1], axis = 1)
>>> a*b0
array([[ 0,  2,  6],
   [ 0,  5, 12],
   [ 0,  8, 18]])
>>> a*b1
array([[ 0,  0,  0],
   [ 4,  5,  6],
   [14, 16, 18]])

Echoing the last command run in Bash?

After reading the answer from Gilles, I decided to see if the $BASH_COMMAND var was also available (and the desired value) in an EXIT trap - and it is!

So, the following bash script works as expected:

#!/bin/bash

exit_trap () {
  local lc="$BASH_COMMAND" rc=$?
  echo "Command [$lc] exited with code [$rc]"
}

trap exit_trap EXIT
set -e

echo "foo"
false 12345
echo "bar"

The output is

foo
Command [false 12345] exited with code [1]

bar is never printed because set -e causes bash to exit the script when a command fails and the false command always fails (by definition). The 12345 passed to false is just there to show that the arguments to the failed command are captured as well (the false command ignores any arguments passed to it)

Two HTML tables side by side, centered on the page

If it was me - I would do with the table something like this:

_x000D_
_x000D_
<style type="text/css" media="screen">_x000D_
  table {_x000D_
    border: 1px solid black;_x000D_
    float: left;_x000D_
    width: 148px;_x000D_
  }_x000D_
  _x000D_
  #table_container {_x000D_
    width: 300px;_x000D_
    margin: 0 auto;_x000D_
  }_x000D_
</style>_x000D_
_x000D_
<div id="table_container">_x000D_
  <table>_x000D_
    <tr>_x000D_
      <th>a</th>_x000D_
      <th>b</th>_x000D_
    </tr>_x000D_
    <tr>_x000D_
      <td>1</td>_x000D_
      <td>2</td>_x000D_
    </tr>_x000D_
    <tr>_x000D_
      <td>4</td>_x000D_
      <td>9</td>_x000D_
    </tr>_x000D_
    <tr>_x000D_
      <td>16</td>_x000D_
      <td>25</td>_x000D_
    </tr>_x000D_
  </table>_x000D_
  <table>_x000D_
    <tr>_x000D_
      <th>a</th>_x000D_
      <th>b</th>_x000D_
    </tr>_x000D_
    <tr>_x000D_
      <td>1</td>_x000D_
      <td>2</td>_x000D_
    </tr>_x000D_
    <tr>_x000D_
      <td>4</td>_x000D_
      <td>9</td>_x000D_
    </tr>_x000D_
    <tr>_x000D_
      <td>16</td>_x000D_
      <td>25</td>_x000D_
    </tr>_x000D_
  </table>_x000D_
</div>
_x000D_
_x000D_
_x000D_

json_encode sparse PHP array as JSON array, not JSON object

json_decode($jsondata, true);

true turns all properties to array (sequential or not)

Parser Error Message: Could not load type 'TestMvcApplication.MvcApplication'

For completness sake I included what my issue was and how I solved it:

If your like me and have httphandlers via web.config and you have redirects from your global.asax.cs (maybe in Session_Start() ) like in my case you get this error if your startup project does not have a reference defined which points to the target where your httphandler is pointing!! (but you wont get build errors, just runtime errors)

So:

  1. Double check your web.config for any external items
  2. Double check your startup project has all the references it needs.

Cheers.

Write to file, but overwrite it if it exists

If your environment doesn't allow overwriting with >, use pipe | and tee instead as follows:

echo "text" | tee 'Users/Name/Desktop/TheAccount.txt'

Note this will also print to the stdout. In case this is unwanted, you can redirect the output to /dev/null as follows:

echo "text" | tee 'Users/Name/Desktop/TheAccount.txt' > /dev/null

javax.naming.NameNotFoundException

The error means that your are trying to look up JNDI name, that is not attached to any EJB component - the component with that name does not exist.

As far as dir structure is concerned: you have to create a JAR file with EJB components. As I understand you want to play with EJB 2.X components (at least the linked example suggests that) so the structure of the JAR file should be:

/com/mypackage/MyEJB.class /com/mypackage/MyEJBInterface.class /com/mypackage/etc... etc... java classes /META-INF/ejb-jar.xml /META-INF/jboss.xml

The JAR file is more or less ZIP file with file extension changed from ZIP to JAR.

BTW. If you use JBoss 5, you can work with EJB 3.0, which are much more easier to configure. The simplest component is

@Stateless(mappedName="MyComponentName")
@Remote(MyEJBInterface.class)
public class MyEJB implements MyEJBInterface{
   public void bussinesMethod(){

   }
}

No ejb-jar.xml, jboss.xml is needed, just EJB JAR with MyEJB and MyEJBInterface compiled classes.

Now in your client code you need to lookup "MyComponentName".

Difference between framework vs Library vs IDE vs API vs SDK vs Toolkits?

In other words...

IDE Even your notepad is an IDE. Every software you write/compile code with is an IDE.

Library A bunch of code which simplifies functions/methods for quick use.

API A programming interface for functions/configuration which you work with, its usage is often documented.

SDK Extras and/or for development/testing purposes.

ToolKit Tiny apps for quick use, often GUIs.

GUI Apps with a graphical interface, requires no knowledge of programming unlike APIs.

Framework Bunch of APIs/huge Library/Snippets wrapped in a namespace/or encapsulated from outer scope for compact handling without conflicts with other code.

MVC A design pattern separated in Models, Views and Controllers for huge applications. They are not dependent on each other and can be changed/improved/replaced without to take care of other code.

Example:

Car (Model)
The object that is being presented.
Example in IT: A HTML form.


Camera (View)
Something that is able to see the object(car).
Example in IT: Browser that renders a website with the form.


Driver (Controller)
Someone who drives that car.
Example in IT: Functions which handle form data that's being submitted.

Snippets Small codes of only a few lines, may not be even complete but worth for a quick share.

Plug-ins Exclusive functions for specified frameworks/APIs/libraries only.

Add-ons Additional modules or services for specific GUIs.

How to make the HTML link activated by clicking on the <li>?

The following seems to work:

ul#menu li a {
    color:#696969;
    display:block;
    font-weight:bold;
    line-height:2.8;
    text-decoration:none;
    width:100%;
}

How to get current date in 'YYYY-MM-DD' format in ASP.NET?

Which WebControl are you using? Did you try?

DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");

Why when I transfer a file through SFTP, it takes longer than FTP?

UPDATE: As a commenter pointed out, the problem I outline below was fixed some time before this post. However, I knew of the HP-SSH project and I asked the author to weigh in. As they explain in the (rightfully) most upvoted answer, encryption is not the source of the problem. Yay for email and people smarter than myself!

Wow, a year-old question with nothing but incorrect answers. However, I must admit that I assumed the slowdown was due to encryption when I asked myself the same question. But ask yourself the next logical question: how quickly can your computer encrypt and decrypt data? If you think that rate is anywhere near the 4.5Mb/second reported by the OP (.5625MBs or roughly half the capacity of a 5.5" floppy disk!) smack yourself a few times, drink some coffee, and ask yourself the same question again.

It apparently has to do with what amounts to be an oversight in the packet size selection, or at least that's what the author of LIBSSH2 says,

The nature of SFTP and its ACK for every small data chunk it sends, makes an initial naive SFTP implementation suffer badly when sending data over high latency networks. If you have to wait a few hundred milliseconds for each 32KB of data then there will never be fast SFTP transfers. This sort of naive implementation is what libssh2 has offered up until and including libssh2 1.2.7.

So the speed hit is due to tiny packet sizes x mandatory ack responses for each packet, which is clearly insane.

The High Performance SSH/SCP (HP-SSH) project provides an OpenSSH patch set which apparently improves the internal buffers as well as parallelizing encryption. Note, however, that even the non-parallelized versions ran at speeds above the 40Mb/s unencrypted speeds obtained by some commenters. The fix involves changing the way in which OpenSSH was calling the encryption libraries, NOT the cipher and there is zero difference in speed between AES128 and AES256. Encryption takes some time, but it is marginal. It might have mattered back in the 90's but (like the speed of Java vs C) it just doesn't matter anymore.

Enter key press in C#

You must try this in keydown event

here is the code for that :

private void textBox1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
    {
        if (e.Key == Key.Enter)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("Enter pressed");
        }
    }

Update :

Also you can do this with keypress event.

Try This :

private void textBox1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
    {
        if (e.KeyChar == Convert.ToChar(Keys.Return))
        {
            MessageBox.Show("Key pressed");
        }
    }

How to use the curl command in PowerShell?

In Powershell 3.0 and above there is both a Invoke-WebRequest and Invoke-RestMethod. Curl is actually an alias of Invoke-WebRequest in PoSH. I think using native Powershell would be much more appropriate than curl, but it's up to you :).

Invoke-WebRequest MSDN docs are here: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh849901.aspx?f=255&MSPPError=-2147217396

Invoke-RestMethod MSDN docs are here: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh849971.aspx?f=255&MSPPError=-2147217396

How to change package name in flutter?

Android

In Android the package name is in the AndroidManifest:

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    ...
    package="com.example.appname">

iOS

In iOS the package name is the bundle identifier in Info.plist:

<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
<string>$(PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER)</string>

which is found in Runner.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj:

PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = com.example.appname;

Changing the name

The package name is found in more than one location, so to change the name you should search the whole project for occurrences of your old project name and change them all.

Android Studio and VS Code:

  • Mac: Command + Shift + F
  • Linux/Windows: Ctrl + Shift + F

Thanks to diegoveloper for help with iOS.

Update:

After coming back to this page a few different times, I'm thinking it's just easier and cleaner to start a new project with the right name and then copy the old files over.