Cast it back to its original type, which will be a DataRowView if you're binding a table, and you can then get the Id and Text from the appropriate columns:
foreach(object itemChecked in checkedListBox1.CheckedItems)
{
DataRowView castedItem = itemChecked as DataRowView;
string comapnyName = castedItem["CompanyName"];
int? id = castedItem["ID"];
}