here an extended version of the Stefan Farestam's answer:
function parse_yaml {
local prefix=$2
local s='[[:space:]]*' w='[a-zA-Z0-9_]*' fs=$(echo @|tr @ '\034')
sed -ne "s|,$s\]$s\$|]|" \
-e ":1;s|^\($s\)\($w\)$s:$s\[$s\(.*\)$s,$s\(.*\)$s\]|\1\2: [\3]\n\1 - \4|;t1" \
-e "s|^\($s\)\($w\)$s:$s\[$s\(.*\)$s\]|\1\2:\n\1 - \3|;p" $1 | \
sed -ne "s|,$s}$s\$|}|" \
-e ":1;s|^\($s\)-$s{$s\(.*\)$s,$s\($w\)$s:$s\(.*\)$s}|\1- {\2}\n\1 \3: \4|;t1" \
-e "s|^\($s\)-$s{$s\(.*\)$s}|\1-\n\1 \2|;p" | \
sed -ne "s|^\($s\):|\1|" \
-e "s|^\($s\)-$s[\"']\(.*\)[\"']$s\$|\1$fs$fs\2|p" \
-e "s|^\($s\)-$s\(.*\)$s\$|\1$fs$fs\2|p" \
-e "s|^\($s\)\($w\)$s:$s[\"']\(.*\)[\"']$s\$|\1$fs\2$fs\3|p" \
-e "s|^\($s\)\($w\)$s:$s\(.*\)$s\$|\1$fs\2$fs\3|p" | \
awk -F$fs '{
indent = length($1)/2;
vname[indent] = $2;
for (i in vname) {if (i > indent) {delete vname[i]; idx[i]=0}}
if(length($2)== 0){ vname[indent]= ++idx[indent] };
if (length($3) > 0) {
vn=""; for (i=0; i<indent; i++) { vn=(vn)(vname[i])("_")}
printf("%s%s%s=\"%s\"\n", "'$prefix'",vn, vname[indent], $3);
}
}'
}
This version supports the - notation and the short notation for dictionaries and lists. The following input:
global:
input:
- "main.c"
- "main.h"
flags: [ "-O3", "-fpic" ]
sample_input:
- { property1: value, property2: "value2" }
- { property1: "value3", property2: 'value 4' }
produces this output:
global_input_1="main.c"
global_input_2="main.h"
global_flags_1="-O3"
global_flags_2="-fpic"
global_sample_input_1_property1="value"
global_sample_input_1_property2="value2"
global_sample_input_2_property1="value3"
global_sample_input_2_property2="value 4"
as you can see the - items automatically get numbered in order to obtain different variable names for each item. In bash there are no multidimensional arrays, so this is one way to work around. Multiple levels are supported.
To work around the problem with trailing white spaces mentioned by @briceburg one should enclose the values in single or double quotes. However, there are still some limitations: Expansion of the dictionaries and lists can produce wrong results when values contain commas. Also, more complex structures like values spanning multiple lines (like ssh-keys) are not (yet) supported.
A few words about the code: The first sed command expands the short form of dictionaries { key: value, ...} to regular and converts them to more simple yaml style. The second sed call does the same for the short notation of lists and converts [ entry, ... ] to an itemized list with the - notation. The third sed call is the original one that handled normal dictionaries, now with the addition to handle lists with - and indentations. The awk part introduces an index for each indentation level and increases it when the variable name is empty (i.e. when processing a list). The current value of the counters are used instead of the empty vname. When going up one level, the counters are zeroed.
Edit: I have created a github repository for this.
You can also consider using Grunt (The JavaScript Task Runner). Can be easily integrated with shell. It supports reading YAML (grunt.file.readYAML) and JSON (grunt.file.readJSON) files.
This can be achieved by creating a task in Gruntfile.js (or Gruntfile.coffee), e.g.:
module.exports = function (grunt) {
grunt.registerTask('foo', ['load_yml']);
grunt.registerTask('load_yml', function () {
var data = grunt.file.readYAML('foo.yml');
Object.keys(data).forEach(function (g) {
// ... switch (g) { case 'my_key':
});
});
};
then from shell just simply run grunt foo (check grunt --help for available tasks).
Further more you can implement exec:foo tasks (grunt-exec) with input variables passed from your task (foo: { cmd: 'echo bar <%= foo %>' }) in order to print the output in whatever format you want, then pipe it into another command.
There is also similar tool to Grunt, it's called gulp with additional plugin gulp-yaml.
Install via: npm install --save-dev gulp-yaml
Sample usage:
var yaml = require('gulp-yaml');
gulp.src('./src/*.yml')
.pipe(yaml())
.pipe(gulp.dest('./dist/'))
gulp.src('./src/*.yml')
.pipe(yaml({ space: 2 }))
.pipe(gulp.dest('./dist/'))
gulp.src('./src/*.yml')
.pipe(yaml({ safe: true }))
.pipe(gulp.dest('./dist/'))
To more options to deal with YAML format, check YAML site for available projects, libraries and other resources which can help you to parse that format.
Other tools:
parses, reads and creates JSON
yq is a lightweight and portable command-line YAML processor
The aim of the project is to be the jq or sed of yaml files.
(https://github.com/mikefarah/yq#readme)
As an example (stolen straight from the documentation), given a sample.yaml file of:
---
bob:
item1:
cats: bananas
item2:
cats: apples
then
yq r sample.yaml bob.*.cats
will output
- bananas
- apples
I know this is very specific, but I think my answer could be helpful for certain users.
If you have node and npm installed on your machine, you can use js-yaml.
First install :
npm i -g js-yaml
# or locally
npm i js-yaml
then in your bash script
#!/bin/bash
js-yaml your-yaml-file.yml
Also if you are using jq you can do something like that
#!/bin/bash
json="$(js-yaml your-yaml-file.yml)"
aproperty="$(jq '.apropery' <<< "$json")"
echo "$aproperty"
Because js-yaml converts a yaml file to a json string literal. You can then use the string with any json parser in your unix system.
A quick way to do the thing now (previous ones haven't worked for me):
sudo wget https://github.com/mikefarah/yq/releases/download/v4.4.1/yq_linux_amd64 -O /usr/bin/yq &&\
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/yq
Example asd.yaml:
a_list:
- key1: value1
key2: value2
key3: value3
parsing root:
user@vm:~$ yq e '.' asd.yaml
a_list:
- key1: value1
key2: value2
key3: value3
parsing key3:
user@vm:~$ yq e '.a_list[0].key3' asd.yaml
value3
perl -ne 'chomp; printf qq/%s="%s"\n/, split(/\s*:\s*/,$_,2)' file.yml > file.sh
You could use an equivalent of yq that is written in golang:
./go-yg -yamlFile /home/user/dev/ansible-firefox/defaults/main.yml -key
firefox_version
returns:
62.0.3
Given that Python3 and PyYAML are quite easy dependencies to meet nowadays, the following may help:
yaml() {
python3 -c "import yaml;print(yaml.safe_load(open('$1'))$2)"
}
VALUE=$(yaml ~/my_yaml_file.yaml "['a_key']")
Hard to say because it depends on what you want the parser to extract from your YAML document. For simple cases, you might be able to use grep, cut, awk etc. For more complex parsing you would need to use a full-blown parsing library such as Python's PyYAML or YAML::Perl.
Here is a bash-only parser that leverages sed and awk to parse simple yaml files:
function parse_yaml {
local prefix=$2
local s='[[:space:]]*' w='[a-zA-Z0-9_]*' fs=$(echo @|tr @ '\034')
sed -ne "s|^\($s\):|\1|" \
-e "s|^\($s\)\($w\)$s:$s[\"']\(.*\)[\"']$s\$|\1$fs\2$fs\3|p" \
-e "s|^\($s\)\($w\)$s:$s\(.*\)$s\$|\1$fs\2$fs\3|p" $1 |
awk -F$fs '{
indent = length($1)/2;
vname[indent] = $2;
for (i in vname) {if (i > indent) {delete vname[i]}}
if (length($3) > 0) {
vn=""; for (i=0; i<indent; i++) {vn=(vn)(vname[i])("_")}
printf("%s%s%s=\"%s\"\n", "'$prefix'",vn, $2, $3);
}
}'
}
It understands files such as:
## global definitions
global:
debug: yes
verbose: no
debugging:
detailed: no
header: "debugging started"
## output
output:
file: "yes"
Which, when parsed using:
parse_yaml sample.yml
will output:
global_debug="yes"
global_verbose="no"
global_debugging_detailed="no"
global_debugging_header="debugging started"
output_file="yes"
it also understands yaml files, generated by ruby which may include ruby symbols, like:
---
:global:
:debug: 'yes'
:verbose: 'no'
:debugging:
:detailed: 'no'
:header: debugging started
:output: 'yes'
and will output the same as in the previous example.
typical use within a script is:
eval $(parse_yaml sample.yml)
parse_yaml accepts a prefix argument so that imported settings all have a common prefix (which will reduce the risk of namespace collisions).
parse_yaml sample.yml "CONF_"
yields:
CONF_global_debug="yes"
CONF_global_verbose="no"
CONF_global_debugging_detailed="no"
CONF_global_debugging_header="debugging started"
CONF_output_file="yes"
Note that previous settings in a file can be referred to by later settings:
## global definitions
global:
debug: yes
verbose: no
debugging:
detailed: no
header: "debugging started"
## output
output:
debug: $global_debug
Another nice usage is to first parse a defaults file and then the user settings, which works since the latter settings overrides the first ones:
eval $(parse_yaml defaults.yml)
eval $(parse_yaml project.yml)
I just wrote a parser that I called Yay! (Yaml ain't Yamlesque!) which parses Yamlesque, a small subset of YAML. So, if you're looking for a 100% compliant YAML parser for Bash then this isn't it. However, to quote the OP, if you want a structured configuration file which is as easy as possible for a non-technical user to edit that is YAML-like, this may be of interest.
It's inspred by the earlier answer but writes associative arrays (yes, it requires Bash 4.x) instead of basic variables. It does so in a way that allows the data to be parsed without prior knowledge of the keys so that data-driven code can be written.
As well as the key/value array elements, each array has a keys array containing a list of key names, a children array containing names of child arrays and a parent key that refers to its parent.
This is an example of Yamlesque:
root_key1: this is value one
root_key2: "this is value two"
drink:
state: liquid
coffee:
best_served: hot
colour: brown
orange_juice:
best_served: cold
colour: orange
food:
state: solid
apple_pie:
best_served: warm
root_key_3: this is value three
Here is an example showing how to use it:
#!/bin/bash
# An example showing how to use Yay
. /usr/lib/yay
# helper to get array value at key
value() { eval echo \${$1[$2]}; }
# print a data collection
print_collection() {
for k in $(value $1 keys)
do
echo "$2$k = $(value $1 $k)"
done
for c in $(value $1 children)
do
echo -e "$2$c\n$2{"
print_collection $c " $2"
echo "$2}"
done
}
yay example
print_collection example
which outputs:
root_key1 = this is value one
root_key2 = this is value two
root_key_3 = this is value three
example_drink
{
state = liquid
example_coffee
{
best_served = hot
colour = brown
}
example_orange_juice
{
best_served = cold
colour = orange
}
}
example_food
{
state = solid
example_apple_pie
{
best_served = warm
}
}
And here is the parser:
yay_parse() {
# find input file
for f in "$1" "$1.yay" "$1.yml"
do
[[ -f "$f" ]] && input="$f" && break
done
[[ -z "$input" ]] && exit 1
# use given dataset prefix or imply from file name
[[ -n "$2" ]] && local prefix="$2" || {
local prefix=$(basename "$input"); prefix=${prefix%.*}
}
echo "declare -g -A $prefix;"
local s='[[:space:]]*' w='[a-zA-Z0-9_]*' fs=$(echo @|tr @ '\034')
sed -n -e "s|^\($s\)\($w\)$s:$s\"\(.*\)\"$s\$|\1$fs\2$fs\3|p" \
-e "s|^\($s\)\($w\)$s:$s\(.*\)$s\$|\1$fs\2$fs\3|p" "$input" |
awk -F$fs '{
indent = length($1)/2;
key = $2;
value = $3;
# No prefix or parent for the top level (indent zero)
root_prefix = "'$prefix'_";
if (indent ==0 ) {
prefix = ""; parent_key = "'$prefix'";
} else {
prefix = root_prefix; parent_key = keys[indent-1];
}
keys[indent] = key;
# remove keys left behind if prior row was indented more than this row
for (i in keys) {if (i > indent) {delete keys[i]}}
if (length(value) > 0) {
# value
printf("%s%s[%s]=\"%s\";\n", prefix, parent_key , key, value);
printf("%s%s[keys]+=\" %s\";\n", prefix, parent_key , key);
} else {
# collection
printf("%s%s[children]+=\" %s%s\";\n", prefix, parent_key , root_prefix, key);
printf("declare -g -A %s%s;\n", root_prefix, key);
printf("%s%s[parent]=\"%s%s\";\n", root_prefix, key, prefix, parent_key);
}
}'
}
# helper to load yay data file
yay() { eval $(yay_parse "$@"); }
There is some documentation in the linked source file and below is a short explanation of what the code does.
The yay_parse function first locates the input file or exits with an exit status of 1. Next, it determines the dataset prefix, either explicitly specified or derived from the file name.
It writes valid bash commands to its standard output that, if executed, define arrays representing the contents of the input data file. The first of these defines the top-level array:
echo "declare -g -A $prefix;"
Note that array declarations are associative (-A) which is a feature of Bash version 4. Declarations are also global (-g) so they can be executed in a function but be available to the global scope like the yay helper:
yay() { eval $(yay_parse "$@"); }
The input data is initially processed with sed. It drops lines that don't match the Yamlesque format specification before delimiting the valid Yamlesque fields with an ASCII File Separator character and removing any double-quotes surrounding the value field.
local s='[[:space:]]*' w='[a-zA-Z0-9_]*' fs=$(echo @|tr @ '\034')
sed -n -e "s|^\($s\)\($w\)$s:$s\"\(.*\)\"$s\$|\1$fs\2$fs\3|p" \
-e "s|^\($s\)\($w\)$s:$s\(.*\)$s\$|\1$fs\2$fs\3|p" "$input" |
The two expressions are similar; they differ only because the first one picks out quoted values where as the second one picks out unquoted ones.
The File Separator (28/hex 12/octal 034) is used because, as a non-printable character, it is unlikely to be in the input data.
The result is piped into awk which processes its input one line at a time. It uses the FS character to assign each field to a variable:
indent = length($1)/2;
key = $2;
value = $3;
All lines have an indent (possibly zero) and a key but they don't all have a value. It computes an indent level for the line dividing the length of the first field, which contains the leading whitespace, by two. The top level items without any indent are at indent level zero.
Next, it works out what prefix to use for the current item. This is what gets added to a key name to make an array name. There's a root_prefix for the top-level array which is defined as the data set name and an underscore:
root_prefix = "'$prefix'_";
if (indent ==0 ) {
prefix = ""; parent_key = "'$prefix'";
} else {
prefix = root_prefix; parent_key = keys[indent-1];
}
The parent_key is the key at the indent level above the current line's indent level and represents the collection that the current line is part of. The collection's key/value pairs will be stored in an array with its name defined as the concatenation of the prefix and parent_key.
For the top level (indent level zero) the data set prefix is used as the parent key so it has no prefix (it's set to ""). All other arrays are prefixed with the root prefix.
Next, the current key is inserted into an (awk-internal) array containing the keys. This array persists throughout the whole awk session and therefore contains keys inserted by prior lines. The key is inserted into the array using its indent as the array index.
keys[indent] = key;
Because this array contains keys from previous lines, any keys with an indent level grater than the current line's indent level are removed:
for (i in keys) {if (i > indent) {delete keys[i]}}
This leaves the keys array containing the key-chain from the root at indent level 0 to the current line. It removes stale keys that remain when the prior line was indented deeper than the current line.
The final section outputs the bash commands: an input line without a value starts a new indent level (a collection in YAML parlance) and an input line with a value adds a key to the current collection.
The collection's name is the concatenation of the current line's prefix and parent_key.
When a key has a value, a key with that value is assigned to the current collection like this:
printf("%s%s[%s]=\"%s\";\n", prefix, parent_key , key, value);
printf("%s%s[keys]+=\" %s\";\n", prefix, parent_key , key);
The first statement outputs the command to assign the value to an associative array element named after the key and the second one outputs the command to add the key to the collection's space-delimited keys list:
<current_collection>[<key>]="<value>";
<current_collection>[keys]+=" <key>";
When a key doesn't have a value, a new collection is started like this:
printf("%s%s[children]+=\" %s%s\";\n", prefix, parent_key , root_prefix, key);
printf("declare -g -A %s%s;\n", root_prefix, key);
The first statement outputs the command to add the new collection to the current's collection's space-delimited children list and the second one outputs the command to declare a new associative array for the new collection:
<current_collection>[children]+=" <new_collection>"
declare -g -A <new_collection>;
All of the output from yay_parse can be parsed as bash commands by the bash eval or source built-in commands.
Whenever you need a solution for "How to work with YAML/JSON/compatible data from a shell script" which works on just about every OS with Python (*nix, OSX, Windows), consider yamlpath, which provides several command-line tools for reading, writing, searching, and merging YAML, EYAML, JSON, and compatible files. Since just about every OS either comes with Python pre-installed or it is trivial to install, this makes yamlpath highly portable. Even more interesting: this project defines an intuitive path language with very powerful, command-line-friendly syntax that enables accessing one or more nodes.
To your specific question and after installing yamlpath using Python's native package manager or your OS's package manager (yamlpath is available via RPM to some OSes):
#!/bin/bash
# Read values directly from YAML (or EYAML, JSON, etc) for use in this shell script:
myShellVar=$(yaml-get --query=any.path.no[matter%how].complex source-file.yaml)
# Use the value any way you need:
echo "Retrieved ${myShellVar}"
# Perhaps change the value and write it back:
myShellVar="New Value"
yaml-set --change=/any/path/no[matter%how]/complex --value="$myShellVar" source-file.yaml
You didn't specify that the data was a simple Scalar value though, so let's up the ante. What if the result you want is an Array? Even more challenging, what if it's an Array-of-Hashes and you only want one property of each result? Suppose further that your data is actually spread out across multiple YAML files and you need all the results in a single query. That's a much more interesting question to demonstrate with. So, suppose you have these two YAML files:
File: data1.yaml
---
baubles:
- name: Doohickey
sku: 0-000-1
price: 4.75
weight: 2.7g
- name: Doodad
sku: 0-000-2
price: 10.5
weight: 5g
- name: Oddball
sku: 0-000-3
price: 25.99
weight: 25kg
File: data2.yaml
---
baubles:
- name: Fob
sku: 0-000-4
price: 0.99
weight: 18mg
- name: Doohickey
price: 10.5
- name: Oddball
sku: 0-000-3
description: This ball is odd
How would you report only the sku of every item in inventory after applying the changes from data2.yaml to data1.yaml, all from a shell script? Try this:
#!/bin/bash
baubleSKUs=($(yaml-merge --aoh=deep data1.yaml data2.yaml | yaml-get --query=/baubles/sku -))
for sku in "${baubleSKUs[@]}"; do
echo "Found bauble SKU: ${sku}"
done
You get exactly what you need from only a few lines of code:
Found bauble SKU: 0-000-1
Found bauble SKU: 0-000-2
Found bauble SKU: 0-000-3
Found bauble SKU: 0-000-4
As you can see, yamlpath turns very complex problems into trivial solutions. Note that the entire query was handled as a stream; no YAML files were changed by the query and there were no temp files.
I realize this is "yet another tool to solve the same question" but after reading the other answers here, yamlpath appears more portable and robust than most alternatives. It also fully understands YAML/JSON/compatible files and it does not need to convert YAML to JSON to perform requested operations. As such, comments within the original YAML file are preserved whenever you need to change data in the source YAML file. Like some alternatives, yamlpath is also portable across OSes. More importantly, yamlpath defines a query language that is extremely powerful, enabling very specialized/filtered data queries. It can even operate against results from disparate parts of the file in a single query.
If you want to get or set many values in the data at once -- including complex data like hashes/arrays/maps/lists -- yamlpath can do that. Want a value but don't know precisely where it is in the document? yamlpath can find it and give you the exact path(s). Need to merge multiple data file together, including from STDIN? yamlpath does that, too. Further, yamlpath fully comprehends YAML anchors and their aliases, always giving or changing exactly the data you expect whether it is a concrete or referenced value.
Disclaimer: I wrote and maintain yamlpath, which is based on ruamel.yaml, which is in turn based on PyYAML. As such, yamlpath is fully standards-compliant.
I know my answer is specific, but if one already has PHP and Symfony installed, it can be very handy to use Symfony's YAML parser.
For instance:
php -r "require '$SYMFONY_ROOT_PATH/vendor/autoload.php'; \
var_dump(\Symfony\Component\Yaml\Yaml::parse(file_get_contents('$YAML_FILE_PATH')));"
Here I simply used var_dump to output the parsed array but of course you can do much more... :)
If you have python 2 and PyYAML, you can use this parser I wrote called parse_yaml.py. Some of the neater things it does is let you choose a prefix (in case you have more than one file with similar variables) and to pick a single value from a yaml file.
For example if you have these yaml files:
staging.yaml:
db:
type: sqllite
host: 127.0.0.1
user: dev
password: password123
prod.yaml:
db:
type: postgres
host: 10.0.50.100
user: postgres
password: password123
You can load both without conflict.
$ eval $(python parse_yaml.py prod.yaml --prefix prod --cap)
$ eval $(python parse_yaml.py staging.yaml --prefix stg --cap)
$ echo $PROD_DB_HOST
10.0.50.100
$ echo $STG_DB_HOST
127.0.0.1
And even cherry pick the values you want.
$ prod_user=$(python parse_yaml.py prod.yaml --get db_user)
$ prod_port=$(python parse_yaml.py prod.yaml --get db_port --default 5432)
$ echo prod_user
postgres
$ echo prod_port
5432
Moving my answer from How to convert a json response into yaml in bash, since this seems to be the authoritative post on dealing with YAML text parsing from command line.
I would like to add details about the yq YAML implementation. Since there are two implementations of this YAML parser lying around, both having the name yq, it is hard to differentiate which one is in use, without looking at the implementations' DSL. There two available implementations are
jq, written in Python using the PyYAML library for YAML parsingBoth are available for installation via standard installation package managers on almost all major distributions
Both the versions have some pros and cons over the other, but a few valid points to highlight (adopted from their repo instructions)
kislyuk/yq
jq, for users familiar with the latter, the parsing and manipulation becomes quite straightforwardjq doesn't preserve comments, during the round-trip conversion, the comments are lost.xq, which transcodes XML to JSON using xmltodict and pipes it to jq, on which you can apply the same DSL to perform CRUD operations on the objects and round-trip the output back to XML.-i flag (similar to sed -i)mikefarah/yq
-i flag (similar to sed -i)-C flag (not applicable for JSON output) and indentation of the sub elements (default at 2 spaces)My take on the following YAML (referenced in other answer as well) with both the versions
root_key1: this is value one
root_key2: "this is value two"
drink:
state: liquid
coffee:
best_served: hot
colour: brown
orange_juice:
best_served: cold
colour: orange
food:
state: solid
apple_pie:
best_served: warm
root_key_3: this is value three
Various actions to be performed with both the implementations (some frequently used operations)
root_key2coffeeorange_juicefoodUsing kislyuk/yq
yq -y '.root_key2 |= "this is a new value"' yaml
yq -y '.drink.coffee += { time: "always"}' yaml
yq -y 'del(.drink.orange_juice.colour)' yaml
yq -r '.food|paths(scalars) as $p | [($p|join(".")), (getpath($p)|tojson)] | @tsv' yaml
Which is pretty straightforward. All you need is to transcode jq JSON output back into YAML with the -y flag.
Using mikefarah/yq
yq w yaml root_key2 "this is a new value"
yq w yaml drink.coffee.time "always"
yq d yaml drink.orange_juice.colour
yq r yaml --printMode pv "food.**"
As of today Dec 21st 2020, yq v4 is in beta and supports much powerful path expressions and supports DSL similar to using jq. Read the transition notes - Upgrading from V3
Another option is to convert the YAML to JSON, then use jq to interact with the JSON representation either to extract information from it or edit it.
I wrote a simple bash script that contains this glue - see Y2J project on GitHub
I've written shyaml in python for YAML query needs from the shell command line.
Overview:
$ pip install shyaml ## installation
Example's YAML file (with complex features):
$ cat <<EOF > test.yaml
name: "MyName !!"
subvalue:
how-much: 1.1
things:
- first
- second
- third
other-things: [a, b, c]
maintainer: "Valentin Lab"
description: |
Multiline description:
Line 1
Line 2
EOF
Basic query:
$ cat test.yaml | shyaml get-value subvalue.maintainer
Valentin Lab
More complex looping query on complex values:
$ cat test.yaml | shyaml values-0 | \
while read -r -d $'\0' value; do
echo "RECEIVED: '$value'"
done
RECEIVED: '1.1'
RECEIVED: '- first
- second
- third'
RECEIVED: '2'
RECEIVED: 'Valentin Lab'
RECEIVED: 'Multiline description:
Line 1
Line 2'
A few key points:
\0 padded output is available for solid multiline entry manipulation. subvalue.maintainer is a valid key).subvalue.things.-1 is the last element of the subvalue.things sequence.) More sample and documentation are available on the shyaml github page or the shyaml PyPI page.
It's possible to pass a small script to some interpreters, like Python. An easy way to do so using Ruby and its YAML library is the following:
$ RUBY_SCRIPT="data = YAML::load(STDIN.read); puts data['a']; puts data['b']"
$ echo -e '---\na: 1234\nb: 4321' | ruby -ryaml -e "$RUBY_SCRIPT"
1234
4321
, wheredata is a hash (or array) with the values from yaml.
As a bonus, it'll parse Jekyll's front matter just fine.
ruby -ryaml -e "puts YAML::load(open(ARGV.first).read)['tags']" example.md
Source: Stackoverflow.com