update - modify existent only. To avoid side effect of indexer use:
int val;
if (dic.TryGetValue(key, out val))
{
// key exist
dic[key] = val;
}
update or (add new if value doesn't exist in dic)
dic[key] = val;
for instance:
d["Two"] = 2; // adds to dictionary because "two" not already present
d["Two"] = 22; // updates dictionary because "two" is now present