Try out following example of using SELECT INTO OUTFILE query for creating table backup. This will only backup a particular table.
<?php
$dbhost = 'localhost:3036';
$dbuser = 'root';
$dbpass = 'rootpassword';
$conn = mysql_connect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpass);
if(! $conn ) {
die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
$table_name = "employee";
$backup_file = "/tmp/employee.sql";
$sql = "SELECT * INTO OUTFILE '$backup_file' FROM $table_name";
mysql_select_db('test_db');
$retval = mysql_query( $sql, $conn );
if(! $retval ) {
die('Could not take data backup: ' . mysql_error());
}
echo "Backedup data successfully\n";
mysql_close($conn);
?>