[selenium-webdriver] How to handle login pop up window using Selenium WebDriver?

How to handle the login pop up window using Selenium Webdriver? I have attached the sample screen here. How can I enter/input Username and Password to this login pop up/alert window?

Thanks & Regards,

I was getting windows security alert whenever my application was opening. to resolve this issue i used following procedure

import org.openqa.selenium.security.UserAndPassword;
UserAndPassword UP = new UserAndPassword("userName","Password");
driver.switchTo().alert().authenticateUsing(UP);

this resolved my issue of logging into application. I hope this might help who are all looking for authenticating windows security alert.

My usecase is:

1. Navigate to webapp.
2. Webapp detects I am not logged in, and redirects to an SSO site - different server!
3. SSO site (maybe on Jenkins) detects I am not logged into AD, and shows a login popup.
4. After you enter credentials, you are redirected back to webapp.

I am on later versions of Selenium 3, and the login popup is not detected with driver.switchTo().alert(); - results in NoAlertPresentException.

Just providing username:password in the URL is not propagated from step 1 to 2 above.

My workaround:

import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;

driver.get(...webapp_location...);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.urlContains(...sso_server...));

URIBuilder uri = null;
try {
    uri = new URIBuilder(driver.getCurrentUrl());
} catch (URISyntaxException ex) {
    ex.printStackTrace();
}
uri.setUserInfo(username, password);
driver.navigate().to(uri.toString());

This should works with windows server 2012 and IE.

var alert = driver.SwitchTo().Alert();

alert.SetAuthenticationCredentials("username", "password");

alert.Accept();

Simply switch to alert and use authenticateUsing to set usename and password and then comeback to parent window

Alert Windowalert = driver.switchTo().alert() ;
Windowalert.authenticateUsing(new UserAndPassword(_user_name,_password));
driver.switchTo().defaultContent() ; 

This is a solution for Python based selenium, after going through the source code (here). I found this 3 steps as useful.

obj = driver.switch_to.alert
obj.send_keys(keysToSend="username\ue004password")
obj.accept()

Here \ue004 is the value for TAB which you can find in Keys class in the source code.

I guess the same approach can be used in JAVA as well but not sure.

The easiest way to handle the Authentication Pop up is to enter the Credentials in Url Itself. For Example, I have Credentials like Username: admin and Password: admin:

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://admin:admin@your website url");

I used IE, then create code like that and works after modification several code:

       public class TestIEBrowser {
                          public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
               //Set path of IEDriverServer.exe.
              // Note : IEDriverServer.exe should be In D: drive.
              System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "path /IEDriverServer.exe");

              // Initialize InternetExplorerDriver Instance.
              WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();

              // Load sample calc test URL.
              driver.get("http://...  /");

              //Code to handle Basic Browser Authentication in Selenium.
              Alert aa = driver.switchTo().alert();

              Robot a = new Robot();
              aa.sendKeys("host"+"\\"+"user");  

              a.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
              a.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
              a.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ADD);                

              setClipboardData("password");

              a.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
              a.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);
              a.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);
              a.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
              //Thread.sleep(5000);
              aa.accept();        




    }

             private static void setClipboardData(String string) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                        StringSelection stringSelection = new StringSelection(string);                            Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(stringSelection, null);
        }
}

Now in 2020 Selenium 4 supports authenticating using Basic and Digest auth . Its using the CDP and currently only supports chromium-derived browsers

Example :

Java Example :

    Webdriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
    
    ((HasAuthentication) driver).register(UsernameAndPassword.of("username", "pass"));

    driver.get("http://sitewithauth");
    
 

Note : In Alpha-7 there is bug where it send username for both user/password. Need to wait for next release of selenium version as fix is available in trunk https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/commit/4917444886ba16a033a81a2a9676c9267c472894

1 way to handle this you can provide login details with url. e.g. if your url is "http://localhost:4040" and it's asking "Username" and "Password" on alert prompt message then you can pass baseurl as "http://username:password@localhost:4040". Hope it works

Use the approach where you send username and password in URL Request:

http://username:[email protected]

So just to make it more clear. The username is username password is password and the rest is usual URL of your test web

Works for me without needing any tweaks.

Sample Java code:

public static final String TEST_ENVIRONMENT = "the-site.com";
private WebDriver driver;

public void login(String uname, String pwd){
  String URL = "http://" + uname + ":" + pwd + "@" + TEST_ENVIRONMENT;
  driver.get(URL);
}

@Test
public void testLogin(){
   driver = new FirefoxDriver();
   login("Pavel", "UltraSecretPassword");
   //Assert...
}

In C# Selenium Web Driver I have managed to get it working with the following code:

var alert = TestDriver.SwitchTo().Alert();
alert.SendKeys(CurrentTestingConfiguration.Configuration.BasicAuthUser + Keys.Tab + CurrentTestingConfiguration.Configuration.BasicAuthPassword);
alert.Accept();

Although it seems similar, the following did not work with Firefox (Keys.Tab resets all the form and the password will be written within the user field):

alert.SendKeys(CurrentTestingConfiguration.Configuration.BasicAuthUser);
alert.SendKeys(Keys.Tab);
alert.SendKeys(CurrentTestingConfiguration.Configuration.BasicAuthPassword);

Also, I have tried the following solution which resulted in exception:

var alert = TestDriver.SwitchTo().Alert();
alert.SetAuthenticationCredentials(
   CurrentTestingConfiguration.Configuration.BasicAuthUser,
   CurrentTestingConfiguration.Configuration.BasicAuthPassword);

System.NotImplementedException: 'POST /session/38146c7c-cd1a-42d8-9aa7-1ac6837e64f6/alert/credentials did not match a known command'

You can use this Autoit script to handle the login popup:

WinWaitActive("Authentication Required","","10")
If WinExists("Authentication Required") Then
Send("username{TAB}")
Send("Password{Enter}")
EndIf'

Solution: Windows active directory authentication using Thread and Robot

I used Java Thread and Robot with Selenium webdriver to automate windows active directory authentication process of our website. This logic worked fine in Firefox and Chrome but it didn't work in IE. For some reason IE kills the webdriver when authentication window pops up whereas Chrome and Firefox prevents the web driver from getting killed. I didn't try in other web browser such as Safari.

//...
//Note: this logic works in Chrome and Firefox. It did not work in IE and I did not try Safari.
//...

//import relevant packages here

public class TestDemo {

    static WebDriver driver;

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //setup web driver
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path to your chromedriver.exe");
        driver = new ChromeDriver();

        //create new thread for interaction with windows authentication window
        (new Thread(new LoginWindow())).start();                

        //open your url. this will prompt you for windows authentication
        driver.get("your url");

        //add test scripts below ...
        driver.findElement(By.linkText("Home")).click();    
        //.....
        //.....
    }

    //inner class for Login thread    
    public class LoginWindow implements Runnable {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                login();
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                System.out.println("Error in Login Thread: " + ex.getMessage());
            }
        }

        public void login() throws Exception {

            //wait - increase this wait period if required
            Thread.sleep(5000);

            //create robot for keyboard operations
            Robot rb = new Robot();

            //Enter user name by ctrl-v
            StringSelection username = new StringSelection("username");
            Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(username, null);            
            rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
            rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);
            rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);
            rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);

            //tab to password entry field
            rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
            rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
            Thread.sleep(2000);

            //Enter password by ctrl-v
            StringSelection pwd = new StringSelection("password");
            Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(pwd, null);
            rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
            rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);
            rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);
            rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);

            //press enter
            rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
            rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);

            //wait
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        }                        
    }      
}

This is very simple in WebDriver 3.0(As of now it is in Beta).

Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert() ;
alert.authenticateUsing(new UserAndPassword(_user_name,_password));
driver.switchTo().defaultContent() ; 

Hopefully this helps.

The following Selenium-Webdriver Java code should work well to handle the alert/pop up up window:

driver.switchTo().alert();
//Selenium-WebDriver Java Code for entering Username & Password as below:
driver.findElement(By.id("userID")).sendKeys("userName");
driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("myPassword");
driver.switchTo().alert().accept();
driver.switchTo().defaultContent();