Update Row if it Exists Else Insert Logic with Entity Framework

Question

Does anyone have suggestions on the most efficient way to implement  update row if it exists else insert  logic using Entity Framework

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Corrected       public static void InsertOrUpdateRange lt T  T2 gt  this T entity  List lt T2 gt  updateEntity           where T   class         where T2   class                       foreach var e in updateEntity                                context Set lt T2 gt    InsertOrUpdate e                                     public static void InsertOrUpdate lt T  T2 gt  this T entity  T2 updateEntity           where T   class         where T2   class                       if  context Entry updateEntity  State    EntityState Detached                                if  context Set lt T2 gt    Any t   gt  t    updateEntity                                        context Set lt T2 gt    Update updateEntity                                      else                                       context Set lt T2 gt    Add updateEntity                                                context SaveChanges

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As of Entity Framework 4 3  there is an AddOrUpdate method at namespace System Data Entity Migrations   public static void AddOrUpdate lt TEntity gt       this IDbSet lt TEntity gt  set      params TEntity   entities   where TEntity   class   which by the doc      Adds or updates entities by key when SaveChanges is called  Equivalent   to an  upsert  operation from database terminology  This method can be   useful when seeding data using Migrations      To answer the comment by  Smashing1978  I will paste relevant parts from link provided by  Colin     The job of AddOrUpdate is to ensure that you don   t create duplicates   when you seed data during development       First  it will execute a query in your database looking for a record   where whatever you supplied as a key  first parameter  matches the   mapped column value  or values   supplied in the AddOrUpdate  So this   is a little loosey-goosey for matching but perfectly fine for seeding   design time data       More importantly  if a match is found then the update will update all   and null out any that weren   t in your AddOrUpdate    That said  I have a situation where I am pulling data from an external service and inserting or updating existing values by primary key  and my local data for consumers is read-only  - been using AddOrUpdate in production for more than 6 months now and so far no problems

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Check existing row with Any       public static void insertOrUpdateCustomer Customer customer                using  var db   getDb                           db Entry customer  State    db Customer Any f   gt  f CustomerId    customer CustomerId    EntityState Added   EntityState Modified              db SaveChanges

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Alternative for  LadislavMrnka answer  This if for Entity Framework 6 2 0   If you have a specific DbSet and an item that needs to be either updated or created   var name   getNameFromService     var current    dbContext Names Find name BusinessSystemId  name NameNo   if  current    null         dbContext Names Add name     else        dbContext Entry current  CurrentValues SetValues name      dbContext SaveChanges      However this can also be used for a generic DbSet with a single primary key or a composite primary key   var allNames   NameApiService GetAllNames    GenericAddOrUpdate allNames   BusinessSystemId    NameNo     public virtual void GenericAddOrUpdate lt T gt  IEnumerable lt T gt  values  params string   keyValues  where T   class       foreach  var value in values                try                       var keyList   new List lt object gt                    Get key values from T entity based on keyValues property             foreach  var keyValue in keyValues                                var propertyInfo   value GetType   GetProperty keyValue                   var propertyValue   propertyInfo GetValue value                   keyList Add propertyValue                              GenericAddOrUpdateDbSet keyList  value                 Only use this when debugging to catch save exceptions                dbContext SaveChanges                      catch                       throw                       dbContext SaveChanges       public virtual void GenericAddOrUpdateDbSet lt T gt  List lt object gt  keyList  T value  where T   class         Get a DbSet of T type     var someDbSet   Set typeof T           Check if any value exists with the key values     var current   someDbSet Find keyList ToArray         if  current    null                someDbSet Add value             else               Entry current  CurrentValues SetValues value

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Insert else update both   public void InsertUpdateData       Here TestEntities is the class which is given from  Save entity connection setting in web config  TestEntities context   new TestEntities     var query   from data in context Employee             orderby data name             select data   foreach  Employee details in query        if  details id    1                  Assign the new values to name whose id is 1         details name    Sanjay           details  Surname  Desai           details address   Desiwadi             else if query  null                details name  Sharad           details surname   Chougale            details address   Gargoti              Save the changes back to database  context SaveChanges

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If you know that you re using the same context and not detaching any entities  you can make a generic version like this   public void InsertOrUpdate lt T gt  T entity  DbContext db  where T   class       if  db Entry entity  State    EntityState Detached          db Set lt T gt    Add entity           If an immediate save is needed  can be slow though        if iterating through many entities      db SaveChanges         db can of course be a class field  or the method can be made static and an extension  but this is the basics

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Ladislav s answer was close but I had to made a couple of modifications to get this to work in EF6  database-first   I extended my data context with my on AddOrUpdate method and so far this appears to be working well with detached objects   using System Data Entity           public partial class MyDBEntities      public void AddOrUpdate MyDBEntities ctx  DbSet set  Object obj  long ID          if  ID    0              set Attach obj             ctx Entry obj  State   EntityState Modified                else             set Add obj

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The magic happens when calling SaveChanges   and depends on the current EntityState  If the entity has an EntityState Added  it will be added to the database  if it has an EntityState Modified  it will be updated in the database  So you can implement an InsertOrUpdate   method as follows   public void InsertOrUpdate Blog blog          using  var context   new BloggingContext                    context Entry blog  State   blog BlogId    0                                       EntityState Added                                       EntityState Modified            context SaveChanges                More about EntityState  If you can t check on Id   0 to determine if it s a new entity or not  check the answer of Ladislav Mrnka

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In my opinion it is worth to say that with the newly released EntityGraphOperations for Entity Framework Code First you can save yourself from writing some repetitive codes for defining the states of  all entities in the graph   I am the author of this product  And I have published it in the github  code-project  includes a step-by-step demonstration and a sample project is ready for downloading  and nuget    It will automatically set the state of the entities to Added or Modified  And you will manually choose which entities must be deleted if it is not exist anymore   The example   Let   s say I have get a Person object  Person could has many phones  a Document and could has a spouse   public class Person        public int Id   get  set         public string FirstName   get  set         public string LastName   get  set         public string MiddleName   get  set         public int Age   get  set         public int DocumentId  get  set         public virtual ICollection lt Phone gt  Phones   get  set         public virtual Document Document   get  set         public virtual PersonSpouse PersonSpouse   get  set        I want to determine the state of all entities which is included in the graph   context InsertOrUpdateGraph person          After entity   gt                          Delete missing phones              entity HasCollection p   gt  p Phones                  DeleteMissingEntities                    Delete if spouse is not exist anymore              entity HasNavigationalProperty m   gt  m PersonSpouse                     DeleteIfNull                 Also as you know unique key properties could play role while defining the state of Phone entity  For such special purposes we have ExtendedEntityTypeConfiguration lt  gt  class  which inherits from EntityTypeConfiguration lt  gt   If we want to use such special configurations then we must inherit our mapping classes from ExtendedEntityTypeConfiguration lt  gt   rather than EntityTypeConfiguration lt  gt   For example   public class PhoneMap  ExtendedEntityTypeConfiguration lt Phone gt                public PhoneMap                             Primary Key              this HasKey m   gt  m Id                                     Unique keys              this HasUniqueKey m   gt  new   m Prefix  m Digits                       That   s all

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If you are working with attached object  object loaded from the same instance of the context  you can simply use   if  context ObjectStateManager GetObjectStateEntry myEntity  State    EntityState Detached        context MyEntities AddObject myEntity         Attached object tracks modifications automatically  context SaveChanges      If you can use any knowledge about the object s key you can use something like this   if  myEntity Id    0        context MyEntities Attach myEntity       context ObjectStateManager ChangeObjectState myEntity  EntityState Modified     else       context MyEntities AddObject myEntity      context SaveChanges      If you can t decide existance of the object by its Id you must exectue lookup query   var id   myEntity Id  if  context MyEntities Any e   gt  e Id    id         context MyEntities Attach myEntity       context ObjectStateManager ChangeObjectState myEntity  EntityState Modified     else       context MyEntities AddObject myEntity      context SaveChanges

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