Getting one month ago is easy with a single MySQL function:
SELECT DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL 1 MONTH);
or
SELECT NOW() - INTERVAL 1 MONTH;
Off the top of my head, I can't think of an elegant way to get the first day of last month in MySQL, but this will certainly work:
SELECT CONCAT(LEFT(NOW() - INTERVAL 1 MONTH,7),'-01');
Put them together and you get a query that solves your problem:
SELECT *
FROM your_table
WHERE t >= CONCAT(LEFT(NOW() - INTERVAL 1 MONTH,7),'-01')
AND t <= NOW() - INTERVAL 1 MONTH