Is there a way to get the raw SQL string executed when calling PDOStatement::execute() on a prepared statement? For debugging purposes this would be extremely useful.
This question is related to
php
sql
mysql
pdo
pdostatement
You can extend PDOStatement class to capture the bounded variables and store them for later use. Then 2 methods may be added, one for variable sanitizing ( debugBindedVariables ) and another to print the query with those variables ( debugQuery ):
class DebugPDOStatement extends \PDOStatement{
private $bound_variables=array();
protected $pdo;
protected function __construct($pdo) {
$this->pdo = $pdo;
}
public function bindValue($parameter, $value, $data_type=\PDO::PARAM_STR){
$this->bound_variables[$parameter] = (object) array('type'=>$data_type, 'value'=>$value);
return parent::bindValue($parameter, $value, $data_type);
}
public function bindParam($parameter, &$variable, $data_type=\PDO::PARAM_STR, $length=NULL , $driver_options=NULL){
$this->bound_variables[$parameter] = (object) array('type'=>$data_type, 'value'=>&$variable);
return parent::bindParam($parameter, $variable, $data_type, $length, $driver_options);
}
public function debugBindedVariables(){
$vars=array();
foreach($this->bound_variables as $key=>$val){
$vars[$key] = $val->value;
if($vars[$key]===NULL)
continue;
switch($val->type){
case \PDO::PARAM_STR: $type = 'string'; break;
case \PDO::PARAM_BOOL: $type = 'boolean'; break;
case \PDO::PARAM_INT: $type = 'integer'; break;
case \PDO::PARAM_NULL: $type = 'null'; break;
default: $type = FALSE;
}
if($type !== FALSE)
settype($vars[$key], $type);
}
if(is_numeric(key($vars)))
ksort($vars);
return $vars;
}
public function debugQuery(){
$queryString = $this->queryString;
$vars=$this->debugBindedVariables();
$params_are_numeric=is_numeric(key($vars));
foreach($vars as $key=>&$var){
switch(gettype($var)){
case 'string': $var = "'{$var}'"; break;
case 'integer': $var = "{$var}"; break;
case 'boolean': $var = $var ? 'TRUE' : 'FALSE'; break;
case 'NULL': $var = 'NULL';
default:
}
}
if($params_are_numeric){
$queryString = preg_replace_callback( '/\?/', function($match) use( &$vars) { return array_shift($vars); }, $queryString);
}else{
$queryString = strtr($queryString, $vars);
}
echo $queryString.PHP_EOL;
}
}
class DebugPDO extends \PDO{
public function __construct($dsn, $username="", $password="", $driver_options=array()) {
$driver_options[\PDO::ATTR_STATEMENT_CLASS] = array('DebugPDOStatement', array($this));
$driver_options[\PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT] = FALSE;
parent::__construct($dsn,$username,$password, $driver_options);
}
}
And then you can use this inherited class for debugging purpouses.
$dbh = new DebugPDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test;','user','pass');
$var='user_test';
$sql=$dbh->prepare("SELECT user FROM users WHERE user = :test");
$sql->bindValue(':test', $var, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$sql->execute();
$sql->debugQuery();
print_r($sql->debugBindedVariables());
Resulting in
SELECT user FROM users WHERE user = 'user_test'
Array ( [:test] => user_test )
Mike's answer is working good until you are using the "re-use" bind value.
For example:
SELECT * FROM `an_modules` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `an_module_sites` AS `ms` ON m.module_id = ms.module_id WHERE 1 AND `module_enable` = :module_enable AND `site_id` = :site_id AND (`module_system_name` LIKE :search OR `module_version` LIKE :search)
The Mike's answer can only replace first :search but not the second.
So, I rewrite his answer to work with multiple parameters that can re-used properly.
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
$values = $params;
$values_limit = [];
$words_repeated = array_count_values(str_word_count($query, 1, ':_'));
# build a regular expression for each parameter
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
if (is_string($key)) {
$keys[] = '/:'.$key.'/';
$values_limit[$key] = (isset($words_repeated[':'.$key]) ? intval($words_repeated[':'.$key]) : 1);
} else {
$keys[] = '/[?]/';
$values_limit = [];
}
if (is_string($value))
$values[$key] = "'" . $value . "'";
if (is_array($value))
$values[$key] = "'" . implode("','", $value) . "'";
if (is_null($value))
$values[$key] = 'NULL';
}
if (is_array($values)) {
foreach ($values as $key => $val) {
if (isset($values_limit[$key])) {
$query = preg_replace(['/:'.$key.'/'], [$val], $query, $values_limit[$key], $count);
} else {
$query = preg_replace(['/:'.$key.'/'], [$val], $query, 1, $count);
}
}
unset($key, $val);
} else {
$query = preg_replace($keys, $values, $query, 1, $count);
}
unset($keys, $values, $values_limit, $words_repeated);
return $query;
}
PDOStatement has a public property $queryString. It should be what you want.
I've just notice that PDOStatement has an undocumented method debugDumpParams() which you may also want to look at.
PDOStatement has a public property $queryString. It should be what you want.
I've just notice that PDOStatement has an undocumented method debugDumpParams() which you may also want to look at.
I know this question is a bit old, but, I'm using this code since lot time ago (I've used response from @chris-go), and now, these code are obsolete with PHP 7.2
I'll post an updated version of these code (Credit for the main code are from @bigwebguy, @mike and @chris-go, all of them answers of this question):
/**
* Replaces any parameter placeholders in a query with the value of that
* parameter. Useful for debugging. Assumes anonymous parameters from
* $params are are in the same order as specified in $query
*
* @param string $query The sql query with parameter placeholders
* @param array $params The array of substitution parameters
* @return string The interpolated query
*/
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
$values = $params;
# build a regular expression for each parameter
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
if (is_string($key)) {
$keys[] = '/:'.$key.'/';
} else {
$keys[] = '/[?]/';
}
if (is_array($value))
$values[$key] = implode(',', $value);
if (is_null($value))
$values[$key] = 'NULL';
}
// Walk the array to see if we can add single-quotes to strings
array_walk($values, function(&$v, $k) { if (!is_numeric($v) && $v != "NULL") $v = "\'" . $v . "\'"; });
$query = preg_replace($keys, $values, $query, 1, $count);
return $query;
}
Note the change on the code are on array_walk() function, replacing create_function by an anonymous function. This make these good piece of code functional and compatible with PHP 7.2 (and hope future versions too).
PDOStatement has a public property $queryString. It should be what you want.
I've just notice that PDOStatement has an undocumented method debugDumpParams() which you may also want to look at.
I need to log full query string after bind param so this is a piece in my code. Hope, it is useful for everyone hat has the same issue.
/**
*
* @param string $str
* @return string
*/
public function quote($str) {
if (!is_array($str)) {
return $this->pdo->quote($str);
} else {
$str = implode(',', array_map(function($v) {
return $this->quote($v);
}, $str));
if (empty($str)) {
return 'NULL';
}
return $str;
}
}
/**
*
* @param string $query
* @param array $params
* @return string
* @throws Exception
*/
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$ps = preg_split("/'/is", $query);
$pieces = [];
$prev = null;
foreach ($ps as $p) {
$lastChar = substr($p, strlen($p) - 1);
if ($lastChar != "\\") {
if ($prev === null) {
$pieces[] = $p;
} else {
$pieces[] = $prev . "'" . $p;
$prev = null;
}
} else {
$prev .= ($prev === null ? '' : "'") . $p;
}
}
$arr = [];
$indexQuestionMark = -1;
$matches = [];
for ($i = 0; $i < count($pieces); $i++) {
if ($i % 2 !== 0) {
$arr[] = "'" . $pieces[$i] . "'";
} else {
$st = '';
$s = $pieces[$i];
while (!empty($s)) {
if (preg_match("/(\?|:[A-Z0-9_\-]+)/is", $s, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)) {
$index = $matches[0][1];
$st .= substr($s, 0, $index);
$key = $matches[0][0];
$s = substr($s, $index + strlen($key));
if ($key == '?') {
$indexQuestionMark++;
if (array_key_exists($indexQuestionMark, $params)) {
$st .= $this->quote($params[$indexQuestionMark]);
} else {
throw new Exception('Wrong params in query at ' . $index);
}
} else {
if (array_key_exists($key, $params)) {
$st .= $this->quote($params[$key]);
} else {
throw new Exception('Wrong params in query with key ' . $key);
}
}
} else {
$st .= $s;
$s = null;
}
}
$arr[] = $st;
}
}
return implode('', $arr);
}
You can extend PDOStatement class to capture the bounded variables and store them for later use. Then 2 methods may be added, one for variable sanitizing ( debugBindedVariables ) and another to print the query with those variables ( debugQuery ):
class DebugPDOStatement extends \PDOStatement{
private $bound_variables=array();
protected $pdo;
protected function __construct($pdo) {
$this->pdo = $pdo;
}
public function bindValue($parameter, $value, $data_type=\PDO::PARAM_STR){
$this->bound_variables[$parameter] = (object) array('type'=>$data_type, 'value'=>$value);
return parent::bindValue($parameter, $value, $data_type);
}
public function bindParam($parameter, &$variable, $data_type=\PDO::PARAM_STR, $length=NULL , $driver_options=NULL){
$this->bound_variables[$parameter] = (object) array('type'=>$data_type, 'value'=>&$variable);
return parent::bindParam($parameter, $variable, $data_type, $length, $driver_options);
}
public function debugBindedVariables(){
$vars=array();
foreach($this->bound_variables as $key=>$val){
$vars[$key] = $val->value;
if($vars[$key]===NULL)
continue;
switch($val->type){
case \PDO::PARAM_STR: $type = 'string'; break;
case \PDO::PARAM_BOOL: $type = 'boolean'; break;
case \PDO::PARAM_INT: $type = 'integer'; break;
case \PDO::PARAM_NULL: $type = 'null'; break;
default: $type = FALSE;
}
if($type !== FALSE)
settype($vars[$key], $type);
}
if(is_numeric(key($vars)))
ksort($vars);
return $vars;
}
public function debugQuery(){
$queryString = $this->queryString;
$vars=$this->debugBindedVariables();
$params_are_numeric=is_numeric(key($vars));
foreach($vars as $key=>&$var){
switch(gettype($var)){
case 'string': $var = "'{$var}'"; break;
case 'integer': $var = "{$var}"; break;
case 'boolean': $var = $var ? 'TRUE' : 'FALSE'; break;
case 'NULL': $var = 'NULL';
default:
}
}
if($params_are_numeric){
$queryString = preg_replace_callback( '/\?/', function($match) use( &$vars) { return array_shift($vars); }, $queryString);
}else{
$queryString = strtr($queryString, $vars);
}
echo $queryString.PHP_EOL;
}
}
class DebugPDO extends \PDO{
public function __construct($dsn, $username="", $password="", $driver_options=array()) {
$driver_options[\PDO::ATTR_STATEMENT_CLASS] = array('DebugPDOStatement', array($this));
$driver_options[\PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT] = FALSE;
parent::__construct($dsn,$username,$password, $driver_options);
}
}
And then you can use this inherited class for debugging purpouses.
$dbh = new DebugPDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test;','user','pass');
$var='user_test';
$sql=$dbh->prepare("SELECT user FROM users WHERE user = :test");
$sql->bindValue(':test', $var, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$sql->execute();
$sql->debugQuery();
print_r($sql->debugBindedVariables());
Resulting in
SELECT user FROM users WHERE user = 'user_test'
Array ( [:test] => user_test )
I know this question is a bit old, but, I'm using this code since lot time ago (I've used response from @chris-go), and now, these code are obsolete with PHP 7.2
I'll post an updated version of these code (Credit for the main code are from @bigwebguy, @mike and @chris-go, all of them answers of this question):
/**
* Replaces any parameter placeholders in a query with the value of that
* parameter. Useful for debugging. Assumes anonymous parameters from
* $params are are in the same order as specified in $query
*
* @param string $query The sql query with parameter placeholders
* @param array $params The array of substitution parameters
* @return string The interpolated query
*/
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
$values = $params;
# build a regular expression for each parameter
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
if (is_string($key)) {
$keys[] = '/:'.$key.'/';
} else {
$keys[] = '/[?]/';
}
if (is_array($value))
$values[$key] = implode(',', $value);
if (is_null($value))
$values[$key] = 'NULL';
}
// Walk the array to see if we can add single-quotes to strings
array_walk($values, function(&$v, $k) { if (!is_numeric($v) && $v != "NULL") $v = "\'" . $v . "\'"; });
$query = preg_replace($keys, $values, $query, 1, $count);
return $query;
}
Note the change on the code are on array_walk() function, replacing create_function by an anonymous function. This make these good piece of code functional and compatible with PHP 7.2 (and hope future versions too).
You can use sprintf(str_replace('?', '"%s"', $sql), ...$params);
Here is an example:
function mysqli_prepared_query($link, $sql, $types='', $params=array()) {
echo sprintf(str_replace('?', '"%s"', $sql), ...$params);
//prepare, bind, execute
}
$link = new mysqli($server, $dbusername, $dbpassword, $database);
$sql = "SELECT firstname, lastname FROM users WHERE userage >= ? AND favecolor = ?";
$types = "is"; //integer and string
$params = array(20, "Brown");
if(!$qry = mysqli_prepared_query($link, $sql, $types, $params)){
echo "Failed";
} else {
echo "Success";
}
Note this only works for PHP >= 5.6
Mike's answer is working good until you are using the "re-use" bind value.
For example:
SELECT * FROM `an_modules` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `an_module_sites` AS `ms` ON m.module_id = ms.module_id WHERE 1 AND `module_enable` = :module_enable AND `site_id` = :site_id AND (`module_system_name` LIKE :search OR `module_version` LIKE :search)
The Mike's answer can only replace first :search but not the second.
So, I rewrite his answer to work with multiple parameters that can re-used properly.
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
$values = $params;
$values_limit = [];
$words_repeated = array_count_values(str_word_count($query, 1, ':_'));
# build a regular expression for each parameter
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
if (is_string($key)) {
$keys[] = '/:'.$key.'/';
$values_limit[$key] = (isset($words_repeated[':'.$key]) ? intval($words_repeated[':'.$key]) : 1);
} else {
$keys[] = '/[?]/';
$values_limit = [];
}
if (is_string($value))
$values[$key] = "'" . $value . "'";
if (is_array($value))
$values[$key] = "'" . implode("','", $value) . "'";
if (is_null($value))
$values[$key] = 'NULL';
}
if (is_array($values)) {
foreach ($values as $key => $val) {
if (isset($values_limit[$key])) {
$query = preg_replace(['/:'.$key.'/'], [$val], $query, $values_limit[$key], $count);
} else {
$query = preg_replace(['/:'.$key.'/'], [$val], $query, 1, $count);
}
}
unset($key, $val);
} else {
$query = preg_replace($keys, $values, $query, 1, $count);
}
unset($keys, $values, $values_limit, $words_repeated);
return $query;
}
The $queryString property mentioned will probably only return the query passed in, without the parameters replaced with their values. In .Net, I have the catch part of my query executer do a simple search replace on the parameters with their values which was supplied so that the error log can show actual values that were being used for the query. You should be able to enumerate the parameters in PHP, and replace the parameters with their assigned value.
I modified the method to include handling output of arrays for statements like WHERE IN (?).
UPDATE: Just added check for NULL value and duplicated $params so actual $param values are not modified.
Great work bigwebguy and thanks!
/**
* Replaces any parameter placeholders in a query with the value of that
* parameter. Useful for debugging. Assumes anonymous parameters from
* $params are are in the same order as specified in $query
*
* @param string $query The sql query with parameter placeholders
* @param array $params The array of substitution parameters
* @return string The interpolated query
*/
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
$values = $params;
# build a regular expression for each parameter
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
if (is_string($key)) {
$keys[] = '/:'.$key.'/';
} else {
$keys[] = '/[?]/';
}
if (is_string($value))
$values[$key] = "'" . $value . "'";
if (is_array($value))
$values[$key] = "'" . implode("','", $value) . "'";
if (is_null($value))
$values[$key] = 'NULL';
}
$query = preg_replace($keys, $values, $query);
return $query;
}
preg_replace didn't work for me and when binding_ was over 9, binding_1 and binding_10 was replaced with str_replace (leaving the 0 behind), so I made the replacements backwards:
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
$length = count($params)-1;
for ($i = $length; $i >=0; $i--) {
$query = str_replace(':binding_'.(string)$i, '\''.$params[$i]['val'].'\'', $query);
}
// $query = str_replace('SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS', '', $query, $count);
return $query;
}
Hope someone finds it useful.
/**
* Replaces any parameter placeholders in a query with the value of that
* parameter. Useful for debugging. Assumes anonymous parameters from
* $params are are in the same order as specified in $query
*
* @param string $query The sql query with parameter placeholders
* @param array $params The array of substitution parameters
* @return string The interpolated query
*/
public static function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
# build a regular expression for each parameter
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
if (is_string($key)) {
$keys[] = '/:'.$key.'/';
} else {
$keys[] = '/[?]/';
}
}
$query = preg_replace($keys, $params, $query, 1, $count);
#trigger_error('replaced '.$count.' keys');
return $query;
}
The $queryString property mentioned will probably only return the query passed in, without the parameters replaced with their values. In .Net, I have the catch part of my query executer do a simple search replace on the parameters with their values which was supplied so that the error log can show actual values that were being used for the query. You should be able to enumerate the parameters in PHP, and replace the parameters with their assigned value.
A bit late probably but now there is PDOStatement::debugDumpParams
Dumps the informations contained by a prepared statement directly on the output. It will provide the SQL query in use, the number of parameters used (Params), the list of parameters, with their name, type (paramtype) as an integer, their key name or position, and the position in the query (if this is supported by the PDO driver, otherwise, it will be -1).
You can find more on the official php docs
Example:
<?php
/* Execute a prepared statement by binding PHP variables */
$calories = 150;
$colour = 'red';
$sth = $dbh->prepare('SELECT name, colour, calories
FROM fruit
WHERE calories < :calories AND colour = :colour');
$sth->bindParam(':calories', $calories, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$sth->bindValue(':colour', $colour, PDO::PARAM_STR, 12);
$sth->execute();
$sth->debugDumpParams();
?>
Somewhat related... if you are just trying to sanitize a particular variable you can use PDO::quote. For example, to search for multiple partial LIKE conditions if you're stuck with a limited framework like CakePHP:
$pdo = $this->getDataSource()->getConnection();
$results = $this->find('all', array(
'conditions' => array(
'Model.name LIKE ' . $pdo->quote("%{$keyword1}%"),
'Model.name LIKE ' . $pdo->quote("%{$keyword2}%"),
),
);
Added a little bit more to the code by Mike - walk the values to add single quotes
/**
* Replaces any parameter placeholders in a query with the value of that
* parameter. Useful for debugging. Assumes anonymous parameters from
* $params are are in the same order as specified in $query
*
* @param string $query The sql query with parameter placeholders
* @param array $params The array of substitution parameters
* @return string The interpolated query
*/
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
$values = $params;
# build a regular expression for each parameter
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
if (is_string($key)) {
$keys[] = '/:'.$key.'/';
} else {
$keys[] = '/[?]/';
}
if (is_array($value))
$values[$key] = implode(',', $value);
if (is_null($value))
$values[$key] = 'NULL';
}
// Walk the array to see if we can add single-quotes to strings
array_walk($values, create_function('&$v, $k', 'if (!is_numeric($v) && $v!="NULL") $v = "\'".$v."\'";'));
$query = preg_replace($keys, $values, $query, 1, $count);
return $query;
}
PDOStatement has a public property $queryString. It should be what you want.
I've just notice that PDOStatement has an undocumented method debugDumpParams() which you may also want to look at.
Added a little bit more to the code by Mike - walk the values to add single quotes
/**
* Replaces any parameter placeholders in a query with the value of that
* parameter. Useful for debugging. Assumes anonymous parameters from
* $params are are in the same order as specified in $query
*
* @param string $query The sql query with parameter placeholders
* @param array $params The array of substitution parameters
* @return string The interpolated query
*/
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
$values = $params;
# build a regular expression for each parameter
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
if (is_string($key)) {
$keys[] = '/:'.$key.'/';
} else {
$keys[] = '/[?]/';
}
if (is_array($value))
$values[$key] = implode(',', $value);
if (is_null($value))
$values[$key] = 'NULL';
}
// Walk the array to see if we can add single-quotes to strings
array_walk($values, create_function('&$v, $k', 'if (!is_numeric($v) && $v!="NULL") $v = "\'".$v."\'";'));
$query = preg_replace($keys, $values, $query, 1, $count);
return $query;
}
preg_replace didn't work for me and when binding_ was over 9, binding_1 and binding_10 was replaced with str_replace (leaving the 0 behind), so I made the replacements backwards:
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
$length = count($params)-1;
for ($i = $length; $i >=0; $i--) {
$query = str_replace(':binding_'.(string)$i, '\''.$params[$i]['val'].'\'', $query);
}
// $query = str_replace('SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS', '', $query, $count);
return $query;
}
Hope someone finds it useful.
I need to log full query string after bind param so this is a piece in my code. Hope, it is useful for everyone hat has the same issue.
/**
*
* @param string $str
* @return string
*/
public function quote($str) {
if (!is_array($str)) {
return $this->pdo->quote($str);
} else {
$str = implode(',', array_map(function($v) {
return $this->quote($v);
}, $str));
if (empty($str)) {
return 'NULL';
}
return $str;
}
}
/**
*
* @param string $query
* @param array $params
* @return string
* @throws Exception
*/
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$ps = preg_split("/'/is", $query);
$pieces = [];
$prev = null;
foreach ($ps as $p) {
$lastChar = substr($p, strlen($p) - 1);
if ($lastChar != "\\") {
if ($prev === null) {
$pieces[] = $p;
} else {
$pieces[] = $prev . "'" . $p;
$prev = null;
}
} else {
$prev .= ($prev === null ? '' : "'") . $p;
}
}
$arr = [];
$indexQuestionMark = -1;
$matches = [];
for ($i = 0; $i < count($pieces); $i++) {
if ($i % 2 !== 0) {
$arr[] = "'" . $pieces[$i] . "'";
} else {
$st = '';
$s = $pieces[$i];
while (!empty($s)) {
if (preg_match("/(\?|:[A-Z0-9_\-]+)/is", $s, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)) {
$index = $matches[0][1];
$st .= substr($s, 0, $index);
$key = $matches[0][0];
$s = substr($s, $index + strlen($key));
if ($key == '?') {
$indexQuestionMark++;
if (array_key_exists($indexQuestionMark, $params)) {
$st .= $this->quote($params[$indexQuestionMark]);
} else {
throw new Exception('Wrong params in query at ' . $index);
}
} else {
if (array_key_exists($key, $params)) {
$st .= $this->quote($params[$key]);
} else {
throw new Exception('Wrong params in query with key ' . $key);
}
}
} else {
$st .= $s;
$s = null;
}
}
$arr[] = $st;
}
}
return implode('', $arr);
}
/**
* Replaces any parameter placeholders in a query with the value of that
* parameter. Useful for debugging. Assumes anonymous parameters from
* $params are are in the same order as specified in $query
*
* @param string $query The sql query with parameter placeholders
* @param array $params The array of substitution parameters
* @return string The interpolated query
*/
public static function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
# build a regular expression for each parameter
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
if (is_string($key)) {
$keys[] = '/:'.$key.'/';
} else {
$keys[] = '/[?]/';
}
}
$query = preg_replace($keys, $params, $query, 1, $count);
#trigger_error('replaced '.$count.' keys');
return $query;
}
A bit late probably but now there is PDOStatement::debugDumpParams
Dumps the informations contained by a prepared statement directly on the output. It will provide the SQL query in use, the number of parameters used (Params), the list of parameters, with their name, type (paramtype) as an integer, their key name or position, and the position in the query (if this is supported by the PDO driver, otherwise, it will be -1).
You can find more on the official php docs
Example:
<?php
/* Execute a prepared statement by binding PHP variables */
$calories = 150;
$colour = 'red';
$sth = $dbh->prepare('SELECT name, colour, calories
FROM fruit
WHERE calories < :calories AND colour = :colour');
$sth->bindParam(':calories', $calories, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$sth->bindValue(':colour', $colour, PDO::PARAM_STR, 12);
$sth->execute();
$sth->debugDumpParams();
?>
I spent a good deal of time researching this situation for my own needs. This and several other SO threads helped me a great deal, so I wanted to share what I came up with.
While having access to the interpolated query string is a significant benefit while troubleshooting, we wanted to be able to maintain a log of only certain queries (therefore, using the database logs for this purpose was not ideal). We also wanted to be able to use the logs to recreate the condition of the tables at any given time, therefore, we needed to make certain the interpolated strings were escaped properly. Finally, we wanted to extend this functionality to our entire code base having to re-write as little of it as possible (deadlines, marketing, and such; you know how it is).
My solution was to extend the functionality of the default PDOStatement object to cache the parameterized values (or references), and when the statement is executed, use the functionality of the PDO object to properly escape the parameters when they are injected back in to the query string. We could then tie in to execute method of the statement object and log the actual query that was executed at that time (or at least as faithful of a reproduction as possible).
As I said, we didn't want to modify the entire code base to add this functionality, so we overwrite the default bindParam() and bindValue() methods of the PDOStatement object, do our caching of the bound data, then call parent::bindParam() or parent::bindValue(). This allowed our existing code base to continue to function as normal.
Finally, when the execute() method is called, we perform our interpolation and provide the resultant string as a new property E_PDOStatement->fullQuery. This can be output to view the query or, for example, written to a log file.
The extension, along with installation and configuration instructions, are available on github:
https://github.com/noahheck/E_PDOStatement
DISCLAIMER:
Obviously, as I mentioned, I wrote this extension. Because it was developed with help from many threads here, I wanted to post my solution here in case anyone else comes across these threads, just as I did.
The $queryString property mentioned will probably only return the query passed in, without the parameters replaced with their values. In .Net, I have the catch part of my query executer do a simple search replace on the parameters with their values which was supplied so that the error log can show actual values that were being used for the query. You should be able to enumerate the parameters in PHP, and replace the parameters with their assigned value.
I modified the method to include handling output of arrays for statements like WHERE IN (?).
UPDATE: Just added check for NULL value and duplicated $params so actual $param values are not modified.
Great work bigwebguy and thanks!
/**
* Replaces any parameter placeholders in a query with the value of that
* parameter. Useful for debugging. Assumes anonymous parameters from
* $params are are in the same order as specified in $query
*
* @param string $query The sql query with parameter placeholders
* @param array $params The array of substitution parameters
* @return string The interpolated query
*/
public function interpolateQuery($query, $params) {
$keys = array();
$values = $params;
# build a regular expression for each parameter
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
if (is_string($key)) {
$keys[] = '/:'.$key.'/';
} else {
$keys[] = '/[?]/';
}
if (is_string($value))
$values[$key] = "'" . $value . "'";
if (is_array($value))
$values[$key] = "'" . implode("','", $value) . "'";
if (is_null($value))
$values[$key] = 'NULL';
}
$query = preg_replace($keys, $values, $query);
return $query;
}
I spent a good deal of time researching this situation for my own needs. This and several other SO threads helped me a great deal, so I wanted to share what I came up with.
While having access to the interpolated query string is a significant benefit while troubleshooting, we wanted to be able to maintain a log of only certain queries (therefore, using the database logs for this purpose was not ideal). We also wanted to be able to use the logs to recreate the condition of the tables at any given time, therefore, we needed to make certain the interpolated strings were escaped properly. Finally, we wanted to extend this functionality to our entire code base having to re-write as little of it as possible (deadlines, marketing, and such; you know how it is).
My solution was to extend the functionality of the default PDOStatement object to cache the parameterized values (or references), and when the statement is executed, use the functionality of the PDO object to properly escape the parameters when they are injected back in to the query string. We could then tie in to execute method of the statement object and log the actual query that was executed at that time (or at least as faithful of a reproduction as possible).
As I said, we didn't want to modify the entire code base to add this functionality, so we overwrite the default bindParam() and bindValue() methods of the PDOStatement object, do our caching of the bound data, then call parent::bindParam() or parent::bindValue(). This allowed our existing code base to continue to function as normal.
Finally, when the execute() method is called, we perform our interpolation and provide the resultant string as a new property E_PDOStatement->fullQuery. This can be output to view the query or, for example, written to a log file.
The extension, along with installation and configuration instructions, are available on github:
https://github.com/noahheck/E_PDOStatement
DISCLAIMER:
Obviously, as I mentioned, I wrote this extension. Because it was developed with help from many threads here, I wanted to post my solution here in case anyone else comes across these threads, just as I did.
The $queryString property mentioned will probably only return the query passed in, without the parameters replaced with their values. In .Net, I have the catch part of my query executer do a simple search replace on the parameters with their values which was supplied so that the error log can show actual values that were being used for the query. You should be able to enumerate the parameters in PHP, and replace the parameters with their assigned value.
You can use sprintf(str_replace('?', '"%s"', $sql), ...$params);
Here is an example:
function mysqli_prepared_query($link, $sql, $types='', $params=array()) {
echo sprintf(str_replace('?', '"%s"', $sql), ...$params);
//prepare, bind, execute
}
$link = new mysqli($server, $dbusername, $dbpassword, $database);
$sql = "SELECT firstname, lastname FROM users WHERE userage >= ? AND favecolor = ?";
$types = "is"; //integer and string
$params = array(20, "Brown");
if(!$qry = mysqli_prepared_query($link, $sql, $types, $params)){
echo "Failed";
} else {
echo "Success";
}
Note this only works for PHP >= 5.6
A solution is to voluntarily put an error in the query and to print the error's message:
//Connection to the database
$co = new PDO('mysql:dbname=myDB;host=localhost','root','');
//We allow to print the errors whenever there is one
$co->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
//We create our prepared statement
$stmt = $co->prepare("ELECT * FROM Person WHERE age=:age"); //I removed the 'S' of 'SELECT'
$stmt->bindValue(':age','18',PDO::PARAM_STR);
try {
$stmt->execute();
} catch (PDOException $e) {
echo $e->getMessage();
}
Standard output:
SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: [...] near 'ELECT * FROM Person WHERE age=18' at line 1
It is important to note that it only prints the first 80 characters of the query.
Somewhat related... if you are just trying to sanitize a particular variable you can use PDO::quote. For example, to search for multiple partial LIKE conditions if you're stuck with a limited framework like CakePHP:
$pdo = $this->getDataSource()->getConnection();
$results = $this->find('all', array(
'conditions' => array(
'Model.name LIKE ' . $pdo->quote("%{$keyword1}%"),
'Model.name LIKE ' . $pdo->quote("%{$keyword2}%"),
),
);
A solution is to voluntarily put an error in the query and to print the error's message:
//Connection to the database
$co = new PDO('mysql:dbname=myDB;host=localhost','root','');
//We allow to print the errors whenever there is one
$co->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
//We create our prepared statement
$stmt = $co->prepare("ELECT * FROM Person WHERE age=:age"); //I removed the 'S' of 'SELECT'
$stmt->bindValue(':age','18',PDO::PARAM_STR);
try {
$stmt->execute();
} catch (PDOException $e) {
echo $e->getMessage();
}
Standard output:
SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: [...] near 'ELECT * FROM Person WHERE age=18' at line 1
It is important to note that it only prints the first 80 characters of the query.
Source: Stackoverflow.com