[mysql] Laravel Migration Error: Syntax error or access violation: 1071 Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes

This issue is caused in Laravel 5.4 by the database version.

According to the docs (in the Index Lengths & MySQL / MariaDB section):

Laravel uses the utf8mb4 character set by default, which includes support for storing "emojis" in the database. If you are running a version of MySQL older than the 5.7.7 release or MariaDB older than the 10.2.2 release, you may need to manually configure the default string length generated by migrations in order for MySQL to create indexes for them. You may configure this by calling the Schema::defaultStringLength method within your AppServiceProvider.

In other words, in <ROOT>/app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php:

// Import Schema
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
// ...

class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{

public function boot()
{
    // Add the following line
    Schema::defaultStringLength(191);
}

// ...

}

But as the comment on the other answer says:

Be careful about this solution. If you index email fields for example, stored emails can only have a max length of 191 chars. This is less than the official RFC states.

So the documentation also proposes another solution:

Alternatively, you may enable the innodb_large_prefix option for your database. Refer to your database's documentation for instructions on how to properly enable this option.

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