Python UTC datetime object s ISO format doesn t include Z Zulu or Zero offset

Question

Why python 2 7 doesn t include Z character  Zulu or zero offset  at the end of UTC datetime object s isoformat string unlike JavaScript    gt  gt  gt  datetime datetime utcnow   isoformat    2013-10-29T09 14 03 895210    Whereas in javascript   gt  gt  gt   console log new Date   toISOString      2013-10-29T09 38 41 341Z

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Python datetimes are a little clunky  Use arrow    gt  str arrow utcnow     2014-05-17T01 18 47 944126 00 00    Arrow has essentially the same api as datetime  but with timezones and some extra niceties that should be in the main library   A format compatible with Javascript can be achieved by   arrow utcnow   isoformat   replace   00 00    Z    2018-11-30T02 46 40 714281Z    Javascript Date parse will quietly drop microseconds from the timestamp

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In Python    3 2 you can simply use this    gt  gt  gt  from datetime import datetime  timezone  gt  gt  gt  datetime now timezone utc  isoformat    2019-03-14T07 55 36 979511 00 00

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Option  isoformat   Python s datetime does not support the military timezone suffixes like  Z  suffix for UTC  The following simple string replacement does the trick  In  1   import datetime  In  2   d   datetime datetime 2014  12  10  12  0  0   In  3   str d  replace   00 00    Z   Out 3    2014-12-10 12 00 00Z   str d  is essentially the same as d isoformat sep      See  Datetime  Python Standard Library Option  strftime   Or you could use strftime to achieve the same effect  In  4   d strftime   Y- m- dT H  M  SZ   Out 4    2014-12-10 12 00 00Z   Note  This option works only when you know the date specified is in UTC  See  datetime strftime    Additional  Human Readable Timezone Going further  you may be interested in displaying human readable timezone information  pytz with strftime  Z timezone flag  In  5   import pytz  In  6   d   datetime datetime 2014  12  10  12  0  0  tzinfo pytz utc   In  7   d Out 7   datetime datetime 2014  12  10  12  0  tzinfo  lt UTC gt    In  8   d strftime   Y- m- d  H  M  S  Z   Out 8    2014-12-10 12 00 00 UTC

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The following javascript and python scripts give identical outputs  I think it s what you are looking for  JavaScript new Date   toISOString    Python from datetime import datetime  datetime utcnow   isoformat    -3   Z   The output they give is the utc  zelda  time formatted as an ISO string with a 3 millisecond significant digit and appended with a Z  2019-01-19T23 20 25 459Z

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gt  gt  gt  import arrow   gt  gt  gt  now   arrow utcnow   format  YYYY-MM-DDTHH mm ss SSS    gt  gt  gt  now  2018-11-28T21 34 59 235   gt  gt  gt  zulu      Z  format now   gt  gt  gt  zulu  2018-11-28T21 34 59 235Z    Or  to get it in one fell swoop    gt  gt  gt  zulu      Z  format arrow utcnow   format  YYYY-MM-DDTHH mm ss SSS     gt  gt  gt  zulu  2018-11-28T21 54 49 639Z

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I use pendulum   import pendulum   d   pendulum now  UTC   to iso8601 string   print d    gt  gt  gt  2019-10-30T00 11 21 818265Z

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Python datetime objects don t have time zone info by default  and without it  Python actually violates the ISO 8601 specification  if no time zone info is given  assumed to be local time   You can use the pytz package to get some default time zones  or directly subclass tzinfo yourself   from datetime import datetime  tzinfo  timedelta class simple utc tzinfo       def tzname self   kwargs           return  UTC      def utcoffset self  dt           return timedelta 0    Then you can manually add the time zone info to utcnow      gt  gt  gt  datetime utcnow   replace tzinfo simple utc    isoformat    2014-05-16T22 51 53 015001 00 00    Note that this DOES conform to the ISO 8601 format  which allows for either Z or  00 00 as the suffix for UTC  Note that the latter actually conforms to the standard better  with how time zones are represented in general  UTC is a special case

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There are a lot of good answers on the post  but I wanted the format to come out exactly as it does with JavaScript  This is what I m using and it works well   In  1   import datetime  In  1   now   datetime datetime utcnow    In  1   now strftime   Y- m- dT H  M  S     now strftime    f    4     Z  Out 3    2018-10-16T13 18 34 856Z

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pip install python-dateutil    gt  gt  gt  a    2019-06-27T02 14 49 443814497Z   gt  gt  gt  dateutil parser parse a  datetime datetime 2019  6  27  2  14  49  443814  tzinfo tzutc

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Pass a UTC timezone object to datetime now   instead of using datetime utcnow    from datetime import datetime  timezone  datetime now timezone utc   gt  gt  gt  datetime datetime 2020  1  8  6  6  24  260810  tzinfo datetime timezone utc   datetime now timezone utc  isoformat    gt  gt  gt   2020-01-08T06 07 04 492045 00 00   That looks good  so let s see what Django and dateutil think  from django utils timezone import is aware  is aware datetime now timezone utc    gt  gt  gt  True  from dateutil parser import isoparse  is aware isoparse datetime now timezone utc  isoformat      gt  gt  gt  True  Note that you need to use isoparse   because the Python documentation for datetime fromisoformat   says it  quot does not support parsing arbitrary ISO 8601 strings quot   Okay  the Python datetime object and the ISO 8601 string are both UTC  quot aware quot   Now let s look at what JavaScript thinks of the datetime string  Borrowing from this answer we get  let date   2020-01-08T06 07 04 492045 00 00   const dateParsed   new Date Date parse date    document write dateParsed   document write  quot  n quot       Tue Jan 07 2020 22 07 04 GMT-0800  Pacific Standard Time   document write dateParsed toISOString     document write  quot  n quot       2020-01-08T06 07 04 492Z  document write dateParsed toUTCString     document write  quot  n quot       Wed  08 Jan 2020 06 07 04 GMT  Notes  I approached this problem with a few goals   generate a UTC  quot aware quot  datetime string in ISO 8601 format use only Python Standard Library functions for datetime object and string creation validate the datetime object and string with the Django timezone utility function and the dateutil parser use JavaScript functions to validate that the ISO 8601 datetime string is UTC aware  Note that this approach does not include a Z suffix and does not use utcnow    But it s based on the recommendation in the Python documentation and it passes muster with both Django and JavaScript  See also   Stop using utcnow and utcfromtimestamp What is the    right    JSON date format

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By combining all answers above I came with following function     from datetime import datetime  tzinfo  timedelta class simple utc tzinfo       def tzname self   kwargs           return  UTC      def utcoffset self  dt           return timedelta 0    def getdata yy  mm  dd  h  m  s        d   datetime yy  mm  dd  h  m  s      d   d replace tzinfo simple utc    isoformat       d   str d  replace   00 00    Z       return d   print getdata 2018  02  03  15  0  14

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Short answer datetime now timezone utc  isoformat   replace  quot  00 00 quot    quot Z quot     Long answer The reason that the  quot Z quot  is not included is because datetime now   and even datetime utcnow   return timezone naive datetimes  that is to say datetimes with no timezone information associated   To get a timezone aware datetime  you need to pass a timezone as an argument to datetime now   For example  from datetime import datetime  timezone  datetime utcnow     gt  datetime datetime 2020  9  3  20  58  49  22253    This is timezone naive  datetime now timezone utc    gt  datetime datetime 2020  9  3  20  58  49  22253  tzinfo datetime timezone utc    This is timezone aware  Once you have a timezone aware timestamp  isoformat will include a timezone designation   Thus  you can then get an ISO 8601 timestamp via  datetime now timezone utc  isoformat     gt   2020-09-03T20 53 07 337670 00 00    quot  00 00 quot  is a valid ISO 8601 timezone designation for UTC   If you want to have  quot Z quot  instead of  quot  00 00 quot   you have to do the replacement yourself  datetime now timezone utc  isoformat   replace  quot  00 00 quot    quot Z quot     gt   2020-09-03T20 53 07 337670Z

[python] Python UTC datetime object's ISO format doesn't include Z (Zulu or Zero offset)

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