Use a trap!
tempfiles=( )
cleanup() {
rm -f "${tempfiles[@]}"
}
trap cleanup 0
error() {
local parent_lineno="$1"
local message="$2"
local code="${3:-1}"
if [[ -n "$message" ]] ; then
echo "Error on or near line ${parent_lineno}: ${message}; exiting with status ${code}"
else
echo "Error on or near line ${parent_lineno}; exiting with status ${code}"
fi
exit "${code}"
}
trap 'error ${LINENO}' ERR
...then, whenever you create a temporary file:
temp_foo="$(mktemp -t foobar.XXXXXX)"
tempfiles+=( "$temp_foo" )
and $temp_foo will be deleted on exit, and the current line number will be printed. (set -e will likewise give you exit-on-error behavior, though it comes with serious caveats and weakens code's predictability and portability).
You can either let the trap call error for you (in which case it uses the default exit code of 1 and no message) or call it yourself and provide explicit values; for instance:
error ${LINENO} "the foobar failed" 2
will exit with status 2, and give an explicit message.