Format timedelta to string

Question

I m having trouble formatting a datetime timedelta object   Here s what I m trying to do     I have a list of objects and one of the members of the class of the object is a timedelta object that shows the duration of an event   I would like to display that duration in the format of hours minutes   I have tried a variety of methods for doing this and I m having difficulty   My current approach is to add methods to the class for my objects that return hours and minutes   I can get the hours by dividing the timedelta seconds by 3600 and rounding it  I m having trouble with getting the remainder seconds and converting that to minutes   By the way  I m using Google AppEngine with Django Templates for presentation

User · Answer

I know that this is an old answered question, but I use datetime.utcfromtimestamp() for this. It takes the number of seconds and returns a datetime that can be formatted like any other datetime.

duration = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(end - begin)
print duration.strftime('%H:%M')

As long as you stay in the legal ranges for the time parts this should work, i.e. it doesn't return 1234:35 as hours are <= 23.

User · Answer

I would seriously consider the Occam s Razor approach here   td   str timedelta  split      0    This returns a string without the microseconds  If you want to regenerate the datetime timedelta object  just do this   h m s   re split      td  new delta   datetime timedelta hours int h  minutes int m  seconds int s     2 years in  I love this language

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I had a similar problem with the output of overtime calculation at work  The value should always show up in HH MM  even when it is greater than one day and the value can get negative  I combined some of the shown solutions and maybe someone else find this solution useful  I realized that if the timedelta value is negative most of the shown solutions with the divmod method doesn t work out of the box   def td2HHMMstr td        Convert timedelta objects to a HH MM string with    -  sign      if td  lt  datetime timedelta seconds 0       sign  -      td   -td   else      sign        tdhours  rem   divmod td total seconds    3600    tdminutes  rem   divmod rem  60    tdstr            02d   format sign  int tdhours   int tdminutes     return tdstr   timedelta to HH MM string   td2HHMMstr datetime timedelta hours 1  minutes 45    1 54   td2HHMMstr datetime timedelta days 2  hours 3  minutes 2    51 02   td2HHMMstr datetime timedelta hours -3  minutes -2    -3 02   td2HHMMstr datetime timedelta days -35  hours -3  minutes -2    -843 02

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I personally use the humanize library for this    gt  gt  gt  import datetime  gt  gt  gt  humanize naturalday datetime datetime now     today   gt  gt  gt  humanize naturalday datetime datetime now   - datetime timedelta days 1    yesterday   gt  gt  gt  humanize naturalday datetime date 2007  6  5    Jun 05   gt  gt  gt  humanize naturaldate datetime date 2007  6  5    Jun 05 2007   gt  gt  gt  humanize naturaltime datetime datetime now   - datetime timedelta seconds 1    a second ago   gt  gt  gt  humanize naturaltime datetime datetime now   - datetime timedelta seconds 3600    an hour ago    Of course  it doesn t give you exactly the answer you were looking for  which is  indeed  str timeA - timeB   but I have found that once you go beyond a few hours  the display becomes quickly unreadable  humanize has support for much larger values that are human-readable  and is also well localized   It s inspired by Django s contrib humanize module  apparently  so since you are using Django  you should probably use that

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from django utils translation import ngettext  def localize timedelta delta       ret          num years   int delta days   365      if num years  gt  0          delta -  timedelta days num years   365          ret append ngettext   d year     d years   num years    num years       if delta days  gt  0          ret append ngettext   d day     d days   delta days    delta days       num hours   int delta seconds   3600      if num hours  gt  0          delta -  timedelta hours num hours          ret append ngettext   d hour     d hours   num hours    num hours       num minutes   int delta seconds   60      if num minutes  gt  0          ret append ngettext   d minute     d minutes   num minutes    num minutes       return     join ret    This will produce    gt  gt  gt  from datetime import timedelta  gt  gt  gt  localize timedelta timedelta days 3660  minutes 500    10 years 10 days 8 hours 20 minutes

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If you already have a timedelta obj then just convert that obj into string  Remove the last 3 characters of the string and print  This will truncate the seconds part and print the rest of it in the format Hours Minutes   t   str timedeltaobj    print t  -3

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timedelta to string  use for print running time info  def strfdelta round tdelta  round period  second       quot  quot  quot timedelta to string   use for measure running time   attend period from days downto smaller period  round to minimum period   omit zero value period      quot  quot  quot    period names     day    hour    minute    second    millisecond     if round period not in period names      raise Exception f round period  quot  round period  quot  invalid  should be one of   quot   quot  join period names       period seconds    86400  3600  60  1  1 pow 10 3     period desc     days    hours    mins    secs    msecs     round i   period names index round period       s        remainder   tdelta total seconds     for i in range len period names        q  remainder   divmod remainder  period seconds i       if int q  gt 0        if not len s   0          s              s    f  q  0f   period desc i        if i  round i        break     if i  round i 1        s    f  remainder   period desc round i          break        return s  e g   auto omit zero leading period   gt  gt  gt  td   timedelta days 0  hours 2  minutes 5  seconds 8  microseconds 3549   gt  gt  gt  strfdelta round td   second    2 hours 5 mins 8 secs   or omit middle zero period   gt  gt  gt  td   timedelta days 2  hours 0  minutes 5  seconds 8  microseconds 3549   gt  gt  gt  strfdelta round td   millisecond    2 days 5 mins 8 secs 3 msecs   or round to minutes  omit below minutes   gt  gt  gt  td   timedelta days 1  hours 2  minutes 5  seconds 8  microseconds 3549   gt  gt  gt  strfdelta round td   minute    1 days 2 hours 5 mins

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You can just convert the timedelta to a string with str    Here s an example   import datetime start   datetime datetime 2009 2 10 14 00  end     datetime datetime 2009 2 10 16 00  delta   end-start print str delta     prints 2 00 00

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import datetime hours   datetime timedelta hours 16  minutes 30  print  datetime datetime 1 1 1    hours  strftime   H  M

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Thanks everyone for your help   I took many of your ideas and put them together  let me know what you think   I added two methods to the class like this   def hours self       retval          if self totalTime          hoursfloat   self totalTime seconds   3600         retval   round hoursfloat      return retval  def minutes self       retval          if self totalTime          minutesfloat   self totalTime seconds   60         hoursAsMinutes   self hours     60         retval   round minutesfloat - hoursAsMinutes      return retval   In my django I used this  sum is the object and it is in a dictionary     lt td gt    sum 0    lt  td gt       lt td gt    sum 1 hours stringformat  d        sum 1 minutes stringformat   02 0d     lt  td gt

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Following Joe s example value above  I d use the modulus arithmetic operator  thusly   td   datetime timedelta hours 10 56  td str     d  d     td seconds 3600  td seconds 3600 60    Note that integer division in Python rounds down by default  if you want to be more explicit  use math floor   or math ceil   as appropriate

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I wanted to do this so wrote a simple function  It works great for me and is quite versatile  supports years to microseconds  and any granularity level  e g  you can pick between  2 days  4 hours  48 minutes  and  2 days  4 hours  and  2 days  4 8 hours   etc  def pretty print timedelta t  max components None  max decimal places 2        Print a pretty string for a timedelta   For example datetime timedelta days 2  seconds 17280  will be printed as  2 days  4 hours  48 minutes   Setting max components to e g  1 will change this to  2 2 days   where the  number of decimal points can also be set       time scales    timedelta days 365   timedelta days 1   timedelta hours 1   timedelta minutes 1   timedelta seconds 1   timedelta microseconds 1000   timedelta microseconds 1   time scale names dict    timedelta days 365    year                              timedelta days 1    day                             timedelta hours 1    hour                             timedelta minutes 1    minute                             timedelta seconds 1    second                             timedelta microseconds 1000    millisecond                             timedelta microseconds 1    microsecond   count   0 txt      first   True for scale in time scales      if t  gt   scale           count    1         if count    max components              n   t   scale         else              n   int t   scale                       t -  n scale                  n txt   str round n  max decimal places           if n txt -2      0   n txt   n txt  -2          txt                format    if first else       n txt  time scale names dict scale    s  if n gt 1 else               if first              first   False                   if len txt     0       txt    none  return txt

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gt  gt  gt  str datetime timedelta hours 10 56   10 33 36   gt  gt  gt  td   datetime timedelta hours 10 505    any timedelta object  gt  gt  gt      join str td  split       2   10 30   Passing the timedelta object to the str   function calls the same formatting code used if we simply type print td  Since you don t want the seconds  we can split the string by colons  3 parts  and put it back together with only the first 2 parts

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Please check this function - it converts timedelta object into string  HH MM SS   def format timedelta td       hours  remainder   divmod td total seconds    3600      minutes  seconds   divmod remainder  60      hours  minutes  seconds   int hours   int minutes   int seconds      if hours  lt  10          hours    0 s    int hours      if minutes  lt  10          minutes    0 s    minutes     if seconds  lt  10          seconds    0 s    seconds     return   s  s  s     hours  minutes  seconds

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A straight forward template filter for this problem  The built-in function int   never rounds up  F-Strings  i e  f    require python 3 6    app template filter   def diffTime end  start       diff    end - start  total seconds       d   int diff   86400      h   int  diff -  d   86400     3600      m   int  diff -  d   86400   h   3600     60      s   int  diff -  d   86400   h   3600   m  60        if d  gt  0          fdiff   f  d d  h h  m m  s s      elif h  gt  0          fdiff   f  h h  m m  s s      elif m  gt  0          fdiff   f  m m  s s      else          fdiff   f  s s      return fdiff

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Here s a function to stringify timedelta total seconds    It works in python 2 and 3  def strf interval seconds       days  remainder   divmod seconds  86400      hours  remainder   divmod remainder  3600      minutes  seconds   divmod remainder  60      return               format               quot  quot  if int days     0 else str int days       days                quot  quot  if int hours     0 else str int hours       hours                quot  quot  if int minutes     0 else str int minutes        mins                quot  quot  if int seconds     0 else str int seconds        secs             Example output   gt  gt  gt  print strf interval 1      1 secs  gt  gt  gt  print strf interval 100     1 mins 40 secs  gt  gt  gt  print strf interval 1000     16 mins 40 secs  gt  gt  gt  print strf interval 10000    2 hours 46 mins 40 secs  gt  gt  gt  print strf interval 100000   1 days 3 hours 46 mins 40 secs

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I suggest the following method so that we can utilize the standard formatting function  pandas Timestamp strftime  from pandas import Timestamp  Timedelta   Timedelta  quot 2 hours 30 min quot     Timestamp  quot 00 00 00 quot    strftime  quot  H  M quot

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One liner   Since timedeltas do not offer datetime s strftime  bring the timedelta back to a datetime  and use stftime     This can not only achieve the OP s requested format Hours Minutes  now you can leverage the full formatting power of datetime s strftime  should your requirements change to another representation     import datetime td   datetime timedelta hours 2  minutes 10  seconds 5  print td  print datetime datetime strftime datetime datetime strptime str td     H  M  S      H  M     Output  2 10 05 02 10   This also solves the annoyance that timedeltas are formatted into strings as H MM SS rather than HH MM SS  which lead me to this problem  and the solution I ve shared

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As you know  you can get the total seconds from a timedelta object by accessing the  seconds attribute   Python provides the builtin function divmod   which allows for   s   13420 hours  remainder   divmod s  3600  minutes  seconds   divmod remainder  60  print    02    02    02   format int hours   int minutes   int seconds     result  03 43 40   or you can convert to hours and remainder by using a combination of modulo and subtraction     arbitrary number of seconds s   13420   hours hours   s    3600    remaining seconds s   s -  hours   3600    minutes minutes   s    60   remaining seconds seconds   s -  minutes   60    total time print    02    02    02   format int hours   int minutes   int seconds     result  03 43 40

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I have a function  def period delta  pattern       d     d   delta days      d  h    rem   divmod delta seconds  3600      d  m    d  s     divmod rem  60      return pattern format   d   Examples   gt  gt  gt  td   timedelta seconds 123456789   gt  gt  gt  period td   quot  d  days  h   m   s  quot    1428 days 21 33 9   gt  gt  gt  period td   quot  h  hours   m  minutes and  s  seconds   d  days quot    21 hours  33 minutes and 9 seconds  1428 days

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He already has a timedelta object so why not use its built-in method total seconds   to convert it to seconds  then use divmod   to get hours and minutes     hours  remainder   divmod myTimeDelta total seconds    3600  minutes  seconds   divmod remainder  60     Formatted only for hours and minutes as requested print   s  s     hours  minutes    This works regardless if the time delta has even days or years

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Here is a general purpose function for converting either a timedelta object or a regular number  in the form of seconds or minutes  etc   to a nicely formatted string   I took mpounsett s fantastic answer on a duplicate question  made it a bit more flexible  improved readibility  and added documentation     You will find that it is the most flexible answer here so far since it allows you to    Customize the string format on the fly instead of it being hard-coded  Leave out certain time intervals without a problem  see examples below     Function   from string import Formatter from datetime import timedelta  def strfdelta tdelta  fmt   D 02 d  H 02 h  M 02 m  S 02 s   inputtype  timedelta           Convert a datetime timedelta object or a regular number to a custom-     formatted string  just like the stftime   method does for datetime datetime     objects       The fmt argument allows custom formatting to be specified   Fields can      include seconds  minutes  hours  days  and weeks   Each field is optional       Some examples            D 02 d  H 02 h  M 02 m  S 02 s  -- gt   05d 08h 04m 02s   default            W w  D d  H   M 02   S 02       -- gt   4w 5d 8 04 02            D 2 d  H 2   M 02   S 02        -- gt    5d  8 04 02            H h  S s                        -- gt   72h 800s       The inputtype argument allows tdelta to be a regular number instead of the       default  which is a datetime timedelta object   Valid inputtype strings            s    seconds             m    minutes             h    hours             d    days             w    weeks                 Convert tdelta to integer seconds      if inputtype     timedelta           remainder   int tdelta total seconds        elif inputtype in   s    seconds            remainder   int tdelta      elif inputtype in   m    minutes            remainder   int tdelta  60     elif inputtype in   h    hours            remainder   int tdelta  3600     elif inputtype in   d    days            remainder   int tdelta  86400     elif inputtype in   w    weeks            remainder   int tdelta  604800      f   Formatter       desired fields    field tuple 1  for field tuple in f parse fmt       possible fields     W    D    H    M    S       constants     W   604800   D   86400   H   3600   M   60   S   1      values          for field in possible fields          if field in desired fields and field in constants              values field   remainder   divmod remainder  constants field       return f format fmt    values    Demo    gt  gt  gt  td   timedelta days 2  hours 3  minutes 5  seconds 8  microseconds 340    gt  gt  gt  print strfdelta td  02d 03h 05m 08s   gt  gt  gt  print strfdelta td    D d  H   M 02   S 02    2d 3 05 08   gt  gt  gt  print strfdelta td    D 2 d  H 2   M 02   S 02     2d  3 05 08   gt  gt  gt  print strfdelta td    H h  S s   51h 308s   gt  gt  gt  print strfdelta 12304  inputtype  s   00d 03h 25m 04s   gt  gt  gt  print strfdelta 620    H   M 02     m   10 20   gt  gt  gt  print strfdelta 49    D d  H h    h   2d 1h

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t1   datetime datetime strptime StartTime    H  M  S  d- m- y    t2   datetime datetime strptime EndTime    H  M  S  d- m- y    return str t2-t1    So for   StartTime    15 28 53 21-07-13  EndTime    15 32 40 21-07-13    returns    0 03 47

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My datetime timedelta objects went greater than a day  So here is a further problem   All the discussion above assumes less than a day   A timedelta is actually a tuple of days  seconds and microseconds   The above discussion should use td seconds as joe did  but if you have days it is NOT included in the seconds value    I am getting a span of time between 2 datetimes and printing days and hours   span   currentdt - previousdt print   d  d n     span days span seconds 3600

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If you happen to have IPython in your packages  you should   it has  up to now  anyway  a very nice formatter for durations  in float seconds   That is used in various places  for example by the   time cell magic  I like the format it produces for short durations    gt  gt  gt  from IPython core magics execution import  format time  gt  gt  gt    gt  gt  gt  for v in range -9  10  2           dt   1 25   10  v         print  format time dt    1 25 ns 125 ns 12 5   s 1 25 ms 125 ms 12 5 s 20min 50s 1d 10h 43min 20s 144d 16h 13min 20s 14467d 14h 13min 20s

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def td format td object       seconds   int td object total seconds        periods               year          60 60 24 365             month         60 60 24 30             day           60 60 24             hour          60 60             minute        60             second        1             strings        for period name  period seconds in periods          if seconds  gt  period seconds              period value   seconds   divmod seconds  period seconds              has s    s  if period value  gt  1 else                strings append   s  s s     period value  period name  has s        return      join strings

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I continued from MarredCheese s answer and added year  month  millicesond and microsecond all numbers are formatted to integer except for second  thus the fraction of a second can be customized   kfmfe04 asked for fraction of a second so I posted this solution In the main there are some examples  from string import Formatter from datetime import timedelta  def strfdelta tdelta  fmt   D 02 d  H 02 h  M 02 m  S 02 0f s   inputtype  timedelta         quot  quot  quot Convert a datetime timedelta object or a regular number to a custom-     formatted string  just like the stftime   method does for datetime datetime     objects       The fmt argument allows custom formatting to be specified   Fields can      include seconds  minutes  hours  days  and weeks   Each field is optional       Some examples            D 02 d  H 02 h  M 02 m  S 02 0f s  -- gt   05d 08h 04m 02s   default            W w  D d  H   M 02   S 02 0f       -- gt   4w 5d 8 04 02            D 2 d  H 2   M 02   S 02 0f        -- gt    5d  8 04 02            H h  S  0f s                        -- gt   72h 800s       The inputtype argument allows tdelta to be a regular number instead of the       default  which is a datetime timedelta object   Valid inputtype strings            s    seconds             m    minutes             h    hours             d    days             w    weeks       quot  quot  quot         Convert tdelta to integer seconds      if inputtype     timedelta           remainder   tdelta total seconds       elif inputtype in   s    seconds            remainder   float tdelta      elif inputtype in   m    minutes            remainder   float tdelta  60     elif inputtype in   h    hours            remainder   float tdelta  3600     elif inputtype in   d    days            remainder   float tdelta  86400     elif inputtype in   w    weeks            remainder   float tdelta  604800      f   Formatter       desired fields    field tuple 1  for field tuple in f parse fmt       possible fields     Y   m   W    D    H    M    S    mS      S       constants     Y  86400 365 24  m   86400 30 44   W   604800   D   86400   H   3600   M   60   S   1   mS   1 pow 10 3       S  1 pow 10 6       values          for field in possible fields          if field in desired fields and field in constants              Quotient  remainder   divmod remainder  constants field               values field    int Quotient  if field     S  else Quotient   remainder     return f format fmt    values   if   name       quot   main   quot       td   timedelta days 717  hours 3  minutes 5  seconds 8  microseconds 3549      print strfdelta td   Y  years  m  months  W  weeks  D  days  H 02   M 02   S 02           print strfdelta td   m  months  W  weeks  D  days  H 02   M 02   S 02 4f           td   timedelta  seconds 8  microseconds 8549      print strfdelta td   S  seconds  mS  milliseconds    S  microseconds          print strfdelta td   S  0f  seconds  mS  milliseconds    S  microseconds          print strfdelta pow 10 7  inputtype  s     Output  1 years 11 months 2 weeks 3 days 01 09 56 00354900211096 23 months 2 weeks 3 days 00 12 20 0035 8 008549 seconds 8 milliseconds 549 microseconds 8 seconds 8 milliseconds 549 microseconds 115d 17h 46m 40s

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def seconds to time left string total seconds       s   int total seconds      years   s    31104000     if years  gt  1          return   d years    years     s   s -  years   31104000      months   s    2592000     if years    1          r    one year          if months  gt  0              r      and  d months    months         return r     if months  gt  1          return   d months    months     s   s -  months   2592000      days   s    86400     if months    1          r    one month          if days  gt  0              r      and  d days    days         return r     if days  gt  1          return   d days    days     s   s -  days   86400      hours   s    3600     if days    1          r    one day          if hours  gt  0              r      and  d hours    hours         return r      s   s -  hours   3600      minutes   s    60     seconds   s -  minutes   60      if hours  gt   6          return   d hours    hours     if hours  gt   1          r     d hours    hours         if hours    1              r    one hour          if minutes  gt  0              r      and  d minutes    minutes         return r     if minutes    1          r    one minute          if seconds  gt  0              r      and  d seconds    seconds         return r     if minutes    0          return   d seconds    seconds     if seconds    0          return   d minutes    minutes     return   d minutes and  d seconds     minutes  seconds   for i in range 10       print pow 8  i   seconds to time left string pow 8  i     Output  1 1 seconds 8 8 seconds 64 one minute and 4 seconds 512 8 minutes and 32 seconds 4096 one hour and 8 minutes 32768 9 hours 262144 3 days 2097152 24 days 16777216 6 months 134217728 4 years

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Questioner wants a nicer format than the typical      gt  gt  gt  import datetime    gt  gt  gt  datetime timedelta seconds 41000    datetime timedelta 0  41000     gt  gt  gt  str datetime timedelta seconds 41000      11 23 20     gt  gt  gt  str datetime timedelta seconds 4102 33      1 08 22 330000     gt  gt  gt  str datetime timedelta seconds 413302 33      4 days  18 48 22 330000    So  really there s two formats  one where days are 0 and it s left out  and another where there s text  n days  h m s    But  the seconds may have fractions  and there s no leading zeroes in the printouts  so columns are messy   Here s my routine  if you like it   def printNiceTimeDelta stime  etime       delay   datetime timedelta seconds  etime - stime       if  delay days  gt  0           out   str delay  replace   days              else          out    0     str delay      outAr   out split          outAr      02d     int float x    for x in outAr      out         join outAr      return out   this returns output as dd hh mm ss format   00 00 00 15 00 00 00 19 02 01 31 40 02 01 32 22   I did think about adding years to this  but this is left as an exercise for the reader  since the output is safe at over 1 year    gt  gt  gt  str datetime timedelta seconds 99999999    1157 days  9 46 39

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I used the humanfriendly python library to do this  it works very well   import humanfriendly from datetime import timedelta delta   timedelta seconds   321  humanfriendly format timespan delta    5 minutes and 21 seconds    Available at https   pypi org project humanfriendly

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maybe   gt  gt  gt  import datetime  gt  gt  gt  dt0   datetime datetime 1 1 1   gt  gt  gt  td   datetime timedelta minutes 34  hours 12  seconds 56   gt  gt  gt   dt0 td  strftime   X    12 34 56   gt  gt  gt   dt0 td  strftime   M  S    34 56   gt  gt  gt   dt0 td  strftime   H  M    12 34   gt  gt  gt

[python] Format timedelta to string

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