How do I make calls to a REST API using C

Question

This is the code I have so far      public class Class1               private const string URL    quot https   sub domain com objects json api key 123 quot           private const string DATA     quot   quot  quot object quot  quot    quot  quot name quot  quot   quot  quot Name quot  quot    quot            static void Main string   args                        Class1 CreateObject                       private static void CreateObject                         HttpWebRequest request    HttpWebRequest WebRequest Create URL               request Method    quot POST quot               request ContentType    quot application json quot               request ContentLength   DATA Length              StreamWriter requestWriter   new StreamWriter request GetRequestStream    System Text Encoding ASCII               requestWriter Write DATA               requestWriter Close                  try                   WebResponse webResponse   request GetResponse                    Stream webStream   webResponse GetResponseStream                    StreamReader responseReader   new StreamReader webStream                   string response   responseReader ReadToEnd                    Console Out WriteLine response                   responseReader Close                  catch  Exception e                    Console Out WriteLine  quot ----------------- quot                    Console Out WriteLine e Message                                   The problem is that I think the exception block is being triggered  because when I remove the try-catch  I get a server error  500  message   But I don t see the Console Out lines I put in the catch block  My Console  The thread  vshost NotifyLoad   0x1a20  has exited with code 0  0x0   The thread   lt No Name gt    0x1988  has exited with code 0  0x0   The thread  vshost LoadReference   0x1710  has exited with code 0  0x0    ConsoleApplication1 vshost exe   Managed  v4 0 30319    Loaded  c  users l  preston sego iii documents visual studio 11 Projects ConsoleApplication1 ConsoleApplication1 bin Debug ConsoleApplication1 exe   Symbols loaded   ConsoleApplication1 vshost exe   Managed  v4 0 30319    Loaded  C  Windows Microsoft Net assembly GAC MSIL System Configuration v4 0 4 0 0 0  b03f5f7f11d50a3a System Configuration dll   Skipped loading symbols  Module is optimized and the debugger option  Just My Code  is enabled  A first chance exception of type  System Net WebException  occurred in System dll The thread  vshost RunParkingWindow   0x184c  has exited with code 0  0x0   The thread   lt No Name gt    0x1810  has exited with code 0  0x0   The program   2780  ConsoleApplication1 vshost exe  Program Trace  has exited with code 0  0x0   The program   2780  ConsoleApplication1 vshost exe  Managed  v4 0 30319   has exited with code 0  0x0

User · Answer

Calling a REST API when using  NET 4 5 or  NET Core I would suggest DalSoft RestClient  caveat  I created it   The reason being  because it uses dynamic typing  you can wrap everything up in one fluent call including serialization de-serialization  Below is a working PUT example  dynamic client   new RestClient  quot http   jsonplaceholder typicode com quot     var post   new Post   title    quot foo quot   body    quot bar quot   userId   10     var result   await client Posts 1  Put post

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GET     GET JSON Response public WeatherResponseModel GET string url        WeatherResponseModel model   new WeatherResponseModel        HttpWebRequest request    HttpWebRequest WebRequest Create url       try           WebResponse response   request GetResponse            using Stream responseStream   response GetResponseStream                  StreamReader reader   new StreamReader responseStream  Encoding UTF8               model   JsonConvert DeserializeObject  lt  WeatherResponseModel  gt   reader ReadToEnd                     catch  WebException ex            WebResponse errorResponse   ex Response          using Stream responseStream   errorResponse GetResponseStream                  StreamReader reader   new StreamReader responseStream  Encoding GetEncoding  quot utf-8 quot                 String errorText   reader ReadToEnd                   Log errorText                   throw            return model     POST     POST a JSON string void POST string url  string jsonContent        HttpWebRequest request    HttpWebRequest WebRequest Create url       request Method    quot POST quot        System Text UTF8Encoding encoding   new System Text UTF8Encoding        Byte  byteArray   encoding GetBytes jsonContent        request ContentLength   byteArray Length      request ContentType       quot application json quot        using Stream dataStream   request GetRequestStream              dataStream Write byteArray  0  byteArray Length              long length   0      try           using HttpWebResponse response    HttpWebResponse request GetResponse                     Got response             length   response ContentLength                  catch  WebException ex            WebResponse errorResponse   ex Response          using Stream responseStream   errorResponse GetResponseStream                  StreamReader reader   new StreamReader responseStream  Encoding GetEncoding  quot utf-8 quot                 String errorText   reader ReadToEnd                   Log errorText                   throw            Note  To serialize and desirialze JSON  I used the Newtonsoft Json NuGet package

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The first step is to create the helper class for the HTTP client  using System  using System Collections Generic  using System Linq  using System Net Http  using System Net Http Headers  using System Threading Tasks   namespace callApi Helpers       public class CallApi               private readonly Uri BaseUrlUri          private HttpClient client   new HttpClient             public CallApi string baseUrl                        BaseUrlUri   new Uri baseUrl               client BaseAddress   BaseUrlUri              client DefaultRequestHeaders Accept Clear                client DefaultRequestHeaders Accept Add                  new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue  quot application json quot                        public HttpClient getClient                         return client                     public HttpClient getClientWithBearer string token                        client DefaultRequestHeaders Authorization   new AuthenticationHeaderValue  quot Bearer quot   token               return client                     Then you can use this class in your code  This is an example of how you call the REST API without bearer using the above class     GET API values  HttpGet  public async Task lt ActionResult lt string gt  gt  postNoBearerAsync string email  string password string baseUrl  string action        var request   new LoginRequest               email   email          password   password             var callApi   new CallApi baseUrl       var client   callApi getClient        HttpResponseMessage response   await client PostAsJsonAsync action  request       if  response IsSuccessStatusCode          return Ok await response Content ReadAsAsync lt string gt          else         return NotFound       This is an example of how you can call the REST API that require bearer     GET API values  HttpGet  public async Task lt ActionResult lt string gt  gt  getUseBearerAsync string token  string baseUrl  string action        var callApi   new CallApi baseUrl       var client   callApi getClient        client DefaultRequestHeaders Authorization   new AuthenticationHeaderValue  quot Bearer quot   token       HttpResponseMessage response   await client GetAsync action       if  response IsSuccessStatusCode                return Ok await response Content ReadAsStringAsync               else         return NotFound       You can also refer to the below repository if you want to see the working example of how it works  https   github com mokh223 callApi

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Check out Refit for making calls to REST services from  NET  I ve found it very easy to use   Refit  The automatic type-safe REST library for  NET Core  Xamarin and  NET Refit is a library heavily inspired by Square s Retrofit library  and it turns your REST API into a live interface   public interface IGitHubApi            Get  quot  users  user  quot            Task lt User gt  GetUser string user         The RestService class generates an implementation of IGitHubApi    that uses HttpClient to make its calls   var gitHubApi   RestService For lt IGitHubApi gt   quot https   api github com quot     var octocat   await gitHubApi GetUser  quot octocat quot

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The answer marked here suggests using HttpClient directly and the disposing of it  This might work  but it s quite easy to run in to problems with HttpClient if you don t use it correctly  If you re going to use HttpClient  you re better off handing over the creation disposal of HttpClients to a third-party library that uses the factory pattern  RestClient Net is one such library  It comes with a very basic HttpClient factory so that you don t run in to the socket exhaustion problem  public class DefaultHttpClientFactory   IHttpClientFactory  IDisposable        region Fields     private bool disposed      private readonly ConcurrentDictionary lt string  Lazy lt HttpClient gt  gt   httpClients      private readonly Func lt string  Lazy lt HttpClient gt  gt   createClientFunc       endregion       region Constructor     public DefaultHttpClientFactory     this null                   public DefaultHttpClientFactory Func lt string  Lazy lt HttpClient gt  gt  createClientFunc                 createClientFunc   createClientFunc           httpClients   new ConcurrentDictionary lt string  Lazy lt HttpClient gt  gt              if   createClientFunc    null  return           createClientFunc   name   gt                        return new Lazy lt HttpClient gt       gt  new HttpClient    LazyThreadSafetyMode ExecutionAndPublication                         endregion       region Implementation     public HttpClient CreateClient string name                if  name    null                        throw new ArgumentNullException nameof name                       return  httpClients GetOrAdd name   createClientFunc  Value             public void Dispose                 if  disposed  return          disposed   true           foreach  var name in  httpClients Keys                         httpClients name  Value Dispose                         endregion    But Microsoft s IHttpClientFactory implementation can also be used for the latest and greatest      var serviceCollection   new ServiceCollection        var baseUri   new Uri  quot http   www test com quot        serviceCollection AddSingleton typeof ISerializationAdapter   typeof NewtonsoftSerializationAdapter        serviceCollection AddSingleton typeof ILogger   typeof ConsoleLogger        serviceCollection AddSingleton typeof IClient   typeof Client        serviceCollection AddDependencyInjectionMapping        serviceCollection AddTransient lt TestHandler gt            Make sure the HttpClient is named the same as the Rest Client     serviceCollection AddSingleton lt IClient gt  x   gt  new Client name  clientName  httpClientFactory  x GetRequiredService lt IHttpClientFactory gt           serviceCollection AddHttpClient clientName   c    gt    c BaseAddress   baseUri              AddHttpMessageHandler lt TestHandler gt          var serviceProvider   serviceCollection BuildServiceProvider        var client   serviceProvider GetService lt IClient gt         await client GetAsync lt object gt      RestClient Net takes in to account dependency injection  mocking  IoC containers  unit testability  and above all is fast  I ve hunted around and the only the other client that seems to work in a similar capacity is Flurl Http

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I did it in this simple way  with Web API 2 0  You can remove UseDefaultCredentials  I used it for my own use cases  List lt YourObject gt  listObjects   new List lt YourObject gt      string response    quot  quot   using  var client   new WebClient     UseDefaultCredentials   true           response   client DownloadString apiUrl      listObjects   JsonConvert DeserializeObject lt List lt YourObject gt  gt  response   return listObjects

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A solution in ASP NET Core  using Newtonsoft Json  using System  using System Net Http  using System Text  using System Threading Tasks  using System Configuration   namespace WebApp       public static class HttpHelper                  In my case this is https   localhost 44366          private static readonly string apiBasicUri   ConfigurationManager AppSettings  quot apiBasicUri quot             public static async Task Post lt T gt  string url  T contentValue                        using  var client   new HttpClient                                  client BaseAddress   new Uri apiBasicUri                   var content   new StringContent JsonConvert SerializeObject contentValue   Encoding UTF8   quot application json quot                    var result   await client PostAsync url  content                   result EnsureSuccessStatusCode                                     public static async Task Put lt T gt  string url  T stringValue                        using  var client   new HttpClient                                  client BaseAddress   new Uri apiBasicUri                   var content   new StringContent JsonConvert SerializeObject stringValue   Encoding UTF8   quot application json quot                    var result   await client PutAsync url  content                   result EnsureSuccessStatusCode                                     public static async Task lt T gt  Get lt T gt  string url                        using  var client   new HttpClient                                  client BaseAddress   new Uri apiBasicUri                   var result   await client GetAsync url                   result EnsureSuccessStatusCode                    string resultContentString   await result Content ReadAsStringAsync                    T resultContent   JsonConvert DeserializeObject lt T gt  resultContentString                   return resultContent                                   public static async Task Delete string url                        using  var client   new HttpClient                                  client BaseAddress   new Uri apiBasicUri                   var result   await client DeleteAsync url                   result EnsureSuccessStatusCode                                     To post  use something like this  await HttpHelper Post lt Setting gt    quot  api values  id  quot   setting    Example for delete  await HttpHelper Delete   quot  api values  id  quot     Example to get a list  List lt ClaimTerm gt  claimTerms   await HttpHelper Get lt List lt ClaimTerm gt  gt   quot  api values  quot     Example to get only one  ClaimTerm processedClaimImage   await HttpHelper Get lt ClaimTerm gt    quot  api values  id  quot

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Since you are using Visual Studio 11 Beta  you will want to use the latest and greatest  The new Web API contains classes for this  See HttpClient  http   wcf codeplex com wikipage title WCF 20HTTP

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Unrelated  I m sure  but do wrap your IDisposable objects in using blocks to ensure proper disposal  using System  using System Net  using System IO   namespace ConsoleProgram       public class Class1               private const string URL    quot https   sub domain com objects json api key 123 quot           private const string DATA     quot   quot  quot object quot  quot    quot  quot name quot  quot   quot  quot Name quot  quot    quot            static void Main string   args                        Class1 CreateObject                       private static void CreateObject                         HttpWebRequest request    HttpWebRequest WebRequest Create URL               request Method    quot POST quot               request ContentType    quot application json quot               request ContentLength   DATA Length              using  Stream webStream   request GetRequestStream                using  StreamWriter requestWriter   new StreamWriter webStream  System Text Encoding ASCII                                 requestWriter Write DATA                              try                               WebResponse webResponse   request GetResponse                    using  Stream webStream   webResponse GetResponseStream      Stream Null                  using  StreamReader responseReader   new StreamReader webStream                                         string response   responseReader ReadToEnd                        Console Out WriteLine response                                               catch  Exception e                                Console Out WriteLine  quot ----------------- quot                    Console Out WriteLine e Message

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This is example code that works for sure  It took me a day to make this to read a set of objects from a REST service  RootObject is the type of the object I m reading from the REST service  string url     quot http   restcountries eu rest v1 quot   DataContractJsonSerializer serializer   new DataContractJsonSerializer typeof IEnumerable lt RootObject gt     WebClient syncClient   new WebClient    string content   syncClient DownloadString url    using  MemoryStream memo   new MemoryStream Encoding Unicode GetBytes content          IEnumerable lt RootObject gt  countries    IEnumerable lt RootObject gt  serializer ReadObject memo      Console Read

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Please use the below code for your REST API request  using System  using System Collections Generic  using System IO  using System Linq  using System Net  using System Net Http  using System Text  using System Json   namespace ConsoleApplication2       class Program               private const string URL    quot https   XXXX rest api 2 component quot           private const string DATA     quot                quot  quot name quot  quot    quot  quot Component 2 quot  quot                quot  quot description quot  quot    quot  quot This is a JIRA component quot  quot                quot  quot leadUserName quot  quot    quot  quot xx quot  quot                quot  quot assigneeType quot  quot    quot  quot PROJECT LEAD quot  quot                quot  quot isAssigneeTypeValid quot  quot   false               quot  quot project quot  quot    quot  quot TP quot  quot   quot            static void Main string   args                        AddComponent                       private static void AddComponent                         System Net Http HttpClient client   new System Net Http HttpClient                client BaseAddress   new System Uri URL               byte   cred   UTF8Encoding UTF8 GetBytes  quot username password quot                client DefaultRequestHeaders Authorization   new System Net Http Headers AuthenticationHeaderValue  quot Basic quot   Convert ToBase64String cred                client DefaultRequestHeaders Accept Add new System Net Http Headers MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue  quot application json quot                  System Net Http HttpContent content   new StringContent DATA  UTF8Encoding UTF8   quot application json quot                HttpResponseMessage messge   client PostAsync URL  content  Result              string description   string Empty              if  messge IsSuccessStatusCode                                string result   messge Content ReadAsStringAsync   Result                  description   result

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Here are a few different ways of calling an external API in C   updated 2019    NET s built-in ways   WebRequest amp  WebClient - verbose APIs  amp  Microsoft s documentation is not very easy to follow HttpClient -  NET s newest kid on the block  amp  much simpler to use than above   Free  open-source NuGet Packages  which frankly have a much better developer experience than  NET s built in clients   ServiceStack Text  1 000 GitHub stars  7 million NuGet downloads      - fast  light and resilient  RestSharp  6 000 GitHub stars  23 million NuGet downloads      - simple REST and HTTP API Client Flurl  1 700 GitHub stars  3 million NuGet downloads     - a fluent  portable  testable HTTP client library  All the above packages provide a great developer experience  i e   concise  easy API  and are well maintained      as at August 2019 Example  Getting a Todo item from a Fake Rest API using ServiceStack Text  The other libraries have very similar syntax  class Program       static void Main string   args                   Fake rest API         string url    quot https   jsonplaceholder typicode com todos 1 quot               GET data from API  amp  map to POCO         var todo    url GetJsonFromUrl   FromJson lt Todo gt                 Print the result to screen         todo PrintDump               public class Todo               public int UserId   get  set            public int Id   get  set            public string Title   get  set            public bool Completed   get  set              Running the above example in a  NET Core Console app  produces the following output   Install these packages using NuGet Install-Package ServiceStack Text  or  Install-Package RestSharp  or  Install-Package Flurl Http

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The ASP NET Web API has replaced the WCF Web API previously mentioned  I thought I d post an updated answer since most of these responses are from early 2012  and this thread is one of the top results when doing a Google search for  quot call restful service C  quot   Current guidance from Microsoft is to use the Microsoft ASP NET Web API Client Libraries to consume a RESTful service  This is available as a NuGet package  Microsoft AspNet WebApi Client  You will need to add this NuGet package to your solution  Here s how your example would look when implemented using the ASP NET Web API Client Library  using System  using System Collections Generic  using System Net Http  using System Net Http Headers   namespace ConsoleProgram       public class DataObject               public string Name   get  set               public class Class1               private const string URL    quot https   sub domain com objects json quot           private string urlParameters    quot  api key 123 quot            static void Main string   args                        HttpClient client   new HttpClient                client BaseAddress   new Uri URL                   Add an Accept header for JSON format              client DefaultRequestHeaders Accept Add              new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue  quot application json quot                     List data response              HttpResponseMessage response   client GetAsync urlParameters  Result      Blocking call  Program will wait here until a response is received or a timeout occurs              if  response IsSuccessStatusCode                                   Parse the response body                  var dataObjects   response Content ReadAsAsync lt IEnumerable lt DataObject gt  gt    Result     Make sure to add a reference to System Net Http Formatting dll                 foreach  var d in dataObjects                                        Console WriteLine  quot  0  quot   d Name                                               else                               Console WriteLine  quot  0    1   quot    int response StatusCode  response ReasonPhrase                                 Make any other calls using HttpClient here                  Dispose once all HttpClient calls are complete  This is not necessary if the containing object will be disposed of  for example in this case the HttpClient instance will be disposed automatically when the application terminates so the following call is superfluous              client Dispose                       If you plan on making multiple requests  you should re-use your HttpClient instance  See this question and its answers for more details on why a using statement was not used on the HttpClient instance in this case  Do HttpClient and HttpClientHandler have to be disposed between requests  For more details  including other examples  see Call a Web API From a  NET Client  C   This blog post may also be useful  Using HttpClient to Consume ASP NET Web API REST Services

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My suggestion would be to use RestSharp  You can make calls to REST services and have them cast into POCO objects with very little boilerplate code to actually have to parse through the response  This will not solve your particular error  but it answers your overall question of how to make calls to REST services  Having to change your code to use it should pay off in the ease of use and robustness moving forward  That is just my two cents though  Example  namespace RestSharpThingy       using System      using System Collections Generic      using System IO      using System Linq      using System Net      using System Reflection       using RestSharp       public static class Program               public static void Main                         Uri baseUrl   new Uri  quot https   httpbin org  quot                IRestClient client   new RestClient baseUrl               IRestRequest request   new RestRequest  quot get quot   Method GET    Credentials   new NetworkCredential  quot testUser quot    quot P455w0rd quot                   request AddHeader  quot Authorization quot    quot Bearer qaPmk9Vw8o7r7UOiX-3b-8Z 6r3w0Iu2pecwJ3x7CngjPp2fN3c61Q 5VU3y0rc-vPpkTKuaOI2eRs3bMyA5ucKKzY1thMFoM0wjnReEYeMGyq3JfZ-OIko1if3NmIj79ZSpNotLL2734ts2jGBjw8-uUgKet7jQAaq-qf5aIDwzUo0bnGosEj UkFxiJKXPPlF2L4iNJSlBqRYrhw08RK1SzB4tf18Airb80WVy1Kewx2NGq5zCC-SCzvJW-mlOtjIDBAQ5intqaRkwRaSyjJ MagxJF CLc4BNUYC3hC2ejQDoTE6HYMWMcg0mbyWghMFpOw3gqyfAGjr6LPJcIly  aJ5  iyt-BTkOnMpDAZLTjzx4qDHMPWeND-TlzKWXjVb5yMv5Q6Jg6UmETWbuxyTdvGTJFzanUg1HWzPr7gSs6GLEv9VDTMiC8a5sNcGyLcHBIJo8mErrZrIssHvbT8ZUPWtyJaujKvdgazqsrad9CO3iRsZWQJ3lpvdQwucCsyjoRVoj mXYhz3JK3wfOjLff16Gy1NLbj4gmOhBBRb8rJnUXnP7rBHs00FAk59BIpKLIPIyMgYBApDCut8V55AgXtGs4MgFFiJKbuaKxq8cdMYEVBTzDJ-S1IR5d6eiTGusD5aFlUkAs9NV nFw quot                request AddParameter  quot clientId quot   123                IRestResponse lt RootObject gt  response   client Execute lt RootObject gt  request                if  response IsSuccessful                                response Data Write                              else                               Console WriteLine response ErrorMessage                              Console WriteLine                 string path   Assembly GetExecutingAssembly   Location              string name   Path GetFileName path                request   new RestRequest  quot post quot   Method POST               request AddFile name  File ReadAllBytes path   name   quot application octet-stream quot                response   client Execute lt RootObject gt  request               if  response IsSuccessful                                response Data Write                              else                               Console WriteLine response ErrorMessage                              Console ReadLine                       private static void Write this RootObject rootObject                        Console WriteLine  quot clientId   quot    rootObject args clientId               Console WriteLine  quot Accept   quot    rootObject headers Accept               Console WriteLine  quot AcceptEncoding   quot    rootObject headers AcceptEncoding               Console WriteLine  quot AcceptLanguage   quot    rootObject headers AcceptLanguage               Console WriteLine  quot Authorization   quot    rootObject headers Authorization               Console WriteLine  quot Connection   quot    rootObject headers Connection               Console WriteLine  quot Dnt   quot    rootObject headers Dnt               Console WriteLine  quot Host   quot    rootObject headers Host               Console WriteLine  quot Origin   quot    rootObject headers Origin               Console WriteLine  quot Referer   quot    rootObject headers Referer               Console WriteLine  quot UserAgent   quot    rootObject headers UserAgent               Console WriteLine  quot origin   quot    rootObject origin               Console WriteLine  quot url   quot    rootObject url               Console WriteLine  quot data   quot    rootObject data               Console WriteLine  quot files   quot                foreach  KeyValuePair lt string  string gt  kvp in rootObject files    Enumerable Empty lt KeyValuePair lt string  string gt  gt                                   Console WriteLine  quot  t quot    kvp Key    quot    quot    kvp Value                                      public class Args               public string clientId   get  set               public class Headers               public string Accept   get  set             public string AcceptEncoding   get  set             public string AcceptLanguage   get  set             public string Authorization   get  set             public string Connection   get  set             public string Dnt   get  set             public string Host   get  set             public string Origin   get  set             public string Referer   get  set             public string UserAgent   get  set               public class RootObject               public Args args   get  set             public Headers headers   get  set             public string origin   get  set             public string url   get  set             public string data   get  set             public Dictionary lt string  string gt  files   get  set

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var TakingRequset   WebRequest Create  http   xxx acv com MethodName Get        TakingRequset Method    POST       TakingRequset ContentType    text xml charset utf-8       TakingRequset PreAuthenticate   true         ---Serving Request path query      var PAQ   TakingRequset RequestUri PathAndQuery         ---creating your xml as per the host reqirement     string xmlroot    lt root gt  lt childnodes gt passing parameters lt  childnodes gt  lt  root gt        string xmlroot2    lt root gt  lt childnodes gt passing parameters lt  childnodes gt  lt  root gt           ---Adding Headers as requested by host      xmlroot2    xmlroot2    XXX---          ---Adding Headers Value as requested by host        var RequestheaderVales   Method xmlroot2        WebProxy proxy   new WebProxy  XXXXX-----llll   8080       proxy Credentials   new NetworkCredential  XXX---uuuu    XXX----    XXXX----        System Net WebRequest DefaultWebProxy   proxy           Adding The Request into Headers     TakingRequset Headers Add  xxx    Any Request Variable         TakingRequset Headers Add  xxx    Any Request Variable         byte   byteData   Encoding UTF8 GetBytes xmlroot       TakingRequset ContentLength   byteData Length       using  Stream postStream   TakingRequset GetRequestStream                  postStream Write byteData  0  byteData Length           postStream Close                 StreamReader stredr   new StreamReader TakingRequset GetResponse   GetResponseStream         string response   stredr ReadToEnd

[c#] How do I make calls to a REST API using C#?

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