How can I selectively escape percent in Python strings

Question

I have the following code  test    have it break   selectiveEscape    Print percent   in sentence and not  s    test  print selectiveEscape    I would like to get the output   Print percent   in sentence and not have it break    What actually happens       selectiveEscape    Use percent   in sentence and not  s    test TypeError   d format  a number is required  not str

User · Answer

If the formatting template was read from a file, and you cannot ensure the content doubles the percent sign, then you probably have to detect the percent character and decide programmatically whether it is the start of a placeholder or not. Then the parser should also recognize sequences like %d (and other letters that can be used), but also %(xxx)s etc.

Similar problem can be observed with the new formats -- the text can contain curly braces.

User · Answer

Alternatively  as of Python 2 6  you can use new string formatting  described in PEP 3101     Print percent   in sentence and not  0   format test    which is especially handy as your strings get more complicated

User · Answer

gt  gt  gt  test    have it break    gt  gt  gt  selectiveEscape    Print percent    in sentence and not  s    test  gt  gt  gt  print selectiveEscape Print percent   in sentence and not have it break

User · Answer

I have tried different methods to print a subplot title  look how they work  It s different when i use Latex    It works with      and  string      in a typical case   If you use Latex it worked using  string        So in a typical case   import matplotlib pyplot as plt fig ax   plt subplots 4 1  float number   4 17 ax 0  set title  Total    1 2f   float number          ax 1  set title  Total    1 2f      float number  ax 2  set title  Total    1 2f   float number          ax 3  set title  Total    1 2f   float number           Title examples with    If we use latex   import matplotlib pyplot as plt import matplotlib font     family     normal            weight     bold            size      12  matplotlib rc  font     font  matplotlib rcParams  text usetex     True matplotlib rcParams  text latex unicode     True fig ax   plt subplots 4 1  float number   4 17  ax 0  set title  Total    1 2f      float number  This makes python crash ax 1  set title  Total    1 2f      float number  ax 2  set title  Total    1 2f   float number          ax 3  set title  Total    1 2f   float number            We get this  Title example with   and latex

User · Answer

You can t selectively escape    as   always has a special meaning depending on the following character   In the documentation of Python  at the bottem of the second table in that section  it states              No argument is converted  results in a     character in the result    Therefore you should use   selectiveEscape    Print percent    in sentence and not  s     test       please note the expicit change to tuple as argument to     Without knowing about the above  I would have done   selectiveEscape    Print percent  s in sentence and not  s          test    with the knowledge you obviously already had

User · Answer

If you are using Python 3 6 or newer  you can use f-string    gt  gt  gt  test    have it break    gt  gt  gt  selectiveEscape   f Print percent   in sentence and not  test    gt  gt  gt  print selectiveEscape      Print percent   in sentence and not have it break

User · Answer

try using    to print   sign

[python] How can I selectively escape percent (%) in Python strings?

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