Directory-tree listing in Python

Question

How do I get a list of all files  and directories  in a given directory in Python

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While os listdir   is fine for generating a list of file and dir names  frequently you want to do more once you have those names - and in Python3  pathlib makes those other chores simple  Let s take a look and see if you like it as much as I do   To list dir contents  construct a Path object and grab the iterator   In  16   Path   etc   iterdir   Out 16    lt generator object Path iterdir at 0x110853fc0 gt    If we want just a list of names of things   In  17    x name for x in Path   etc   iterdir    Out 17     emond d     ntp-restrict conf     periodic     If you want just the dirs    In  18    x name for x in Path   etc   iterdir   if x is dir    Out 18     emond d     periodic     mach init d     If you want the names of all conf files in that tree   In  20    x name for x in Path   etc   glob       conf    Out 20     ntp-restrict conf     dnsextd conf     syslog conf     If you want a list of conf files in the tree    1K   In  23    x name for x in Path   etc   glob       conf   if x stat   st size  gt  1024  Out 23     dnsextd conf     pf conf     autofs conf     Resolving relative paths become easy   In  32   Path     Operational Metrics md   resolve   Out 32   PosixPath   Users starver code xxxx Operational Metrics md     Navigating with a Path is pretty clear  although unexpected    In  10   p   Path       In  11   core   p    web     core   In  13    x for x in core iterdir   if x is file    Out 13    PosixPath  web core metrics py     PosixPath  web core services py     PosixPath  web core querysets py

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Try this   import os for top  dirs  files in os walk            for nm in files                 print os path join top  nm

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If figured I d throw this in   Simple and dirty way to do wildcard searches   import re import os   a for a in os listdir      if re search       py   a

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FYI Add a filter of extension or ext file     import os  path       for dirname  dirnames  filenames in os walk path         print path to all filenames with extension py      for filename in filenames          fname path   os path join dirname  filename          fext   os path splitext fname path  1          if fext      py               print fname path         else              continue

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import modules import os   CURRENT DIR         def rec tree traverse curr dir  indent        recurcive function to traverse the directory       print   traverse tree        try           dfList    os path join curr dir  f or d  for f or d in os listdir curr dir       except          print  wrong path name directory name          return      for file or dir in dfList           if os path isdir file or dir                print  dir                   print indent  file or dir                  rec tree traverse file or dir  indent 2           if os path isfile file or dir                print  file                  print indent  file or dir       end if for loop  end of traverse tree    def main         base dir    CURRENT DIR      rec tree traverse base dir           raw input  enter any key to exit        end of main     if   name         main         main

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A recursive implementation  import os  def scan dir dir       for name in os listdir dir           path   os path join dir  name          if os path isfile path               print path         else              scan dir path

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import os  for filename in os listdir  C   temp        print  filename

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For files in current working directory without specifying a path Python 2 7  import os os listdir       Python 3 x  import os os listdir

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Here is another option   os scandir path        It returns an iterator of os DirEntry objects corresponding to the entries  along with file attribute information  in the directory given by path    Example   with os scandir path  as it      for entry in it          if not entry name startswith                   print entry name    Using scandir   instead of listdir   can significantly increase the performance of code that also needs file type or file attribute information  because os DirEntry objects expose this information if the operating system provides it when scanning a directory  All os DirEntry methods may perform a system call  but is dir   and is file   usually only require a system call for symbolic links  os DirEntry stat   always requires a system call on Unix but only requires one for symbolic links on Windows   Python Docs

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This is a way to traverse every file and directory in a directory tree   import os  for dirname  dirnames  filenames in os walk             print path to all subdirectories first      for subdirname in dirnames          print os path join dirname  subdirname          print path to all filenames      for filename in filenames          print os path join dirname  filename          Advanced usage        editing the  dirnames  list will stop os walk   from recursing into there      if   git  in dirnames            don t go into any  git directories          dirnames remove   git

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The one worked with me is kind of a modified version from Saleh s answer elsewhere on this page  The code is as follows  dir    given directory name  filenames    os path abspath os path join dir i   for i in os listdir dir

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You can use  os listdir path    For reference and more os functions look here    Python 2 docs  https   docs python org 2 library os html os listdir Python 3 docs  https   docs python org 3 library os html os listdir

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Below code will list directories and the files within the dir  def print directory contents sPath           import os                                                for sChild in os listdir sPath                               sChildPath   os path join sPath sChild              if os path isdir sChildPath                   print directory contents sChildPath              else                  print sChildPath

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A nice one liner to list only the files recursively   I used this in my setup py package data directive   import os   os path join x 0  y  for x in os walk   lt some directory gt    for y in x 2     I know it s not the answer to the question  but may come in handy

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For Python 2     bin python2  import os  def scan dir path       print map os path abspath  os listdir pwd     For Python 3  For filter and map  you need wrap them with list       bin python3  import os  def scan dir path       print list map os path abspath  os listdir pwd       The recommendation now is that you replace your usage of map and filter with generators expressions or list comprehensions      bin python  import os  def scan dir path       print  os path abspath f  for f in os listdir path

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I know this is an old question  This is a neat way I came across if you are on a liunx machine    import subprocess print subprocess check output   ls         decode  utf8

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Here s a helper function I use quite often   import os  def listdir fullpath d       return  os path join d  f  for f in os listdir d

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If you need globbing abilities  there s a module for that as well  For example   import glob glob glob     0-9        will return something like       1 gif      2 txt     See the documentation here

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I wrote a long version  with all the options I might need  http   sam nipl net code python find py  I guess it will fit here too      usr bin env python  import os import sys  def ls dir  hidden False  relative True       nodes          for nm in os listdir dir           if not hidden and nm startswith                   continue         if not relative              nm   os path join dir  nm          nodes append nm      nodes sort       return nodes  def find root  files True  dirs False  hidden False  relative True  topdown True       root   os path join root         add slash if not there     for parent  ldirs  lfiles in os walk root  topdown topdown           if relative              parent   parent len root            if dirs and parent              yield os path join parent              if not hidden              lfiles      nm for nm in lfiles if not nm startswith                   ldirs       nm for nm in ldirs  if not nm startswith          in place         if files              lfiles sort               for nm in lfiles                  nm   os path join parent  nm                  yield nm  def test root       print    directory listing  with hidden files       print ls root  hidden True      print     print    recursive listing  with dirs  but no hidden files       for f in find root  dirs True           print f     print  if   name         main         test  sys argv 1

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Here is a one line Pythonic version   import os dir    given directory name  filenames    os path join os path dirname os path abspath   file     dir i  for i in os listdir dir     This code lists the full path of all files and directories in the given directory name

[python] Directory-tree listing in Python

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