How to convert an Stream into a byte in C

Question

Is there a simple way or method to convert an Stream into a byte   in C

User · Answer

Ok  maybe I m missing something here  but this is the way I do it   public static Byte   ToByteArray this Stream stream        Int32 length   stream Length  gt  Int32 MaxValue   Int32 MaxValue   Convert ToInt32 stream Length       Byte   buffer   new Byte length       stream Read buffer  0  length       return buffer

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I use this extension class   public static class StreamExtensions       public static byte   ReadAllBytes this Stream instream                if  instream is MemoryStream              return   MemoryStream  instream  ToArray             using  var memoryStream   new MemoryStream                          instream CopyTo memoryStream               return memoryStream ToArray                        Just copy the class to your solution and you can use it on every stream   byte   bytes   myStream ReadAllBytes     Works great for all my streams and saves a lot of code  Of course you can modify this method to use some of the other approaches here to improve performance if needed  but I like to keep it simple

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You could also try just reading in parts at a time and expanding the byte array being returned   public byte   StreamToByteArray string fileName        byte   total stream   new byte 0       using  Stream input   File Open fileName  FileMode Open  FileAccess Read                 byte   stream array   new byte 0              Setup whatever read size you want  small here for testing          byte   buffer   new byte 32       1024           int read   0           while   read   input Read buffer  0  buffer Length    gt  0                        stream array   new byte total stream Length   read               total stream CopyTo stream array  0               Array Copy buffer  0  stream array  total stream Length  read               total stream   stream array                      return total stream

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byte   buf      byte array     Stream stream Page Request InputStream     initialise new stream     buf   new byte stream Length      declare arraysize     stream Read buf  0  buf Length      read from stream to byte array

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if you post a file from mobile device or other      byte   fileData   null      using  var binaryReader   new BinaryReader Request Files 0  InputStream                 fileData   binaryReader ReadBytes Request Files 0  ContentLength

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Byte   Content   new BinaryReader file InputStream  ReadBytes file ContentLength

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The shortest solution I know   using var memoryStream   new MemoryStream        sourceStream CopyTo memoryStream     return memoryStream ToArray

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Stream s  int len    int s Length  byte   b   new byte len   int pos   0  while  r   s Read b  pos  len - pos    gt  0        pos    r      A slightly more complicated solution is necesary is s Length exceeds Int32 MaxValue  But if you need to read a stream that large into memory  you might want to think about a different approach to your problem   Edit  If your stream does not support the Length property  modify using Earwicker s workaround   public static class StreamExtensions          Credit to Earwicker     public static void CopyStream this Stream input  Stream output            byte   b   new byte 32768           int r          while   r   input Read b  0  b Length    gt  0                output Write b  0  r                             Stream s  MemoryStream ms   new MemoryStream    s CopyStream ms   byte   b   ms GetBuffer

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Quick and dirty technique        static byte   StreamToByteArray Stream inputStream                if   inputStream CanRead                        throw new ArgumentException                           This is optional         if  inputStream CanSeek                        inputStream Seek 0  SeekOrigin Begin                      byte   output   new byte inputStream Length           int bytesRead   inputStream Read output  0  output Length           Debug Assert bytesRead    output Length   Bytes read from stream matches stream length            return output          Test       static void Main string   args                byte   data          string path     C  Windows System32 notepad exe           using  FileStream fs   File Open path  FileMode Open  FileAccess Read                         data   StreamToByteArray fs                      Debug Assert data Length  gt  0           Debug Assert new FileInfo path  Length    data Length            I would ask  why do you want to read a stream into a byte    if you are wishing to copy the contents of a stream  may I suggest using MemoryStream and writing your input stream into a memory stream

User · Answer

bigEnough  array is a bit of a stretch  Sure  buffer needs to be  big ebough  but proper design of an application should include transactions and delimiters  In this configuration each transaction would have a preset length thus your array would anticipate certain number of bytes and insert it into correctly sized buffer  Delimiters would ensure transaction integrity and would be supplied within each transaction  To make your application even better  you could use 2 channels  2 sockets   One would communicate fixed length control message transactions that would include information about size and sequence number of data transaction to be transferred using data channel  Receiver would acknowledge buffer creation and only then data would be sent  If you have no control over stream sender than you need multidimensional array as a buffer  Component arrays would be small enough to be manageable and big enough to be practical based on your estimate of expected data  Process logic would seek known start delimiters and then ending delimiter in subsequent element arrays  Once ending delimiter is found  new buffer would be created to store relevant data between delimiters and initial buffer would have to be restructured to allow data disposal   As far as a code to convert stream into byte array is one below   Stream s   yourStream  int streamEnd   Convert ToInt32 s Length   byte   buffer   new byte streamEnd   s Read buffer  0  streamEnd

User · Answer

In  NET Framework 4 and later  the Stream class has a built-in CopyTo method that you can use   For earlier versions of the framework  the handy helper function to have is   public static void CopyStream Stream input  Stream output        byte   b   new byte 32768       int r      while   r   input Read b  0  b Length    gt  0          output Write b  0  r       Then use one of the above methods to copy to a MemoryStream and call GetBuffer on it   var file   new FileStream  c   foo txt   FileMode Open    var mem   new MemoryStream        If using  NET 4 or later  file CopyTo mem       Otherwise  CopyStream file  mem       getting the internal buffer  no additional copying  byte   buffer   mem GetBuffer    long length   mem Length     the actual length of the data                                the array may be longer      if you need the array to be exactly as long as the data byte   truncated   mem ToArray       makes another copy   Edit  originally I suggested using Jason s answer for a Stream that supports the Length property  But it had a flaw because it assumed that the Stream would return all its contents in a single Read  which is not necessarily true  not for a Socket  for example   I don t know if there is an example of a Stream implementation in the BCL that does support Length but might return the data in shorter chunks than you request  but as anyone can inherit Stream this could easily be the case   It s probably simpler for most cases to use the above general solution  but supposing you did want to read directly into an array that is bigEnough   byte   b   new byte bigEnough   int r  offset  while   r   input Read b  offset  b Length - offset    gt  0      offset    r    That is  repeatedly call Read and move the position you will be storing the data at

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Call next function like byte   m Bytes   StreamHelper ReadToEnd  mystream    Function  public static byte   ReadToEnd System IO Stream stream        long originalPosition   0       if stream CanSeek                 originalPosition   stream Position           stream Position   0             try               byte   readBuffer   new byte 4096            int totalBytesRead   0          int bytesRead           while   bytesRead   stream Read readBuffer  totalBytesRead  readBuffer Length - totalBytesRead    gt  0                        totalBytesRead    bytesRead               if  totalBytesRead    readBuffer Length                                int nextByte   stream ReadByte                    if  nextByte    -1                                        byte   temp   new byte readBuffer Length   2                       Buffer BlockCopy readBuffer  0  temp  0  readBuffer Length                       Buffer SetByte temp  totalBytesRead   byte nextByte                       readBuffer   temp                      totalBytesRead                                                       byte   buffer   readBuffer          if  readBuffer Length    totalBytesRead                        buffer   new byte totalBytesRead               Buffer BlockCopy readBuffer  0  buffer  0  totalBytesRead                     return buffer            finally               if stream CanSeek                         stream Position   originalPosition

[c#] How to convert an Stream into a byte[] in C#?

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