Difference between and or and for comparison

Question

Possible Duplicate    A clear  layman rsquo s explanation of the difference between   and    in c        What is the difference between comparing with   and    or  amp  and  amp  amp  in C  and Javascript   Examples   if test    test1   test1    test2  or if test    test1    test1    test2  if test    test1  amp  test1    test2  or if test    test1  amp  amp  test1    test2

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Reference   http   en wikipedia org wiki Short-circuit evaluation

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in C  and other languages probably  a single   or  amp  is a bitwise comparison  The double    or  amp  amp  is a logical comparison  Edit  Be sure to read Mehrdad s comment below regarding  without short-circuiting   In practice  since true is often equivalent to 1 and false is often equivalent to 0  the bitwise comparisons can sometimes be valid and return exactly the same result   There was once a mission critical software component I ran a static code analyzer on and it pointed out that a bitwise comparison was being used where a logical comparison should have been   Since it was written in C and due to the arrangement of logical comparisons  the software worked just fine with either  Example   if    altitide  gt  10000   amp   knots  gt  100

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amp  and   are binary operators while    and  amp  amp  are boolean   The big difference   1  amp  2  is 0  false   1  amp  amp  2  is true

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amp  and   are bitwise operators that can operate on both integer and Boolean arguments  and  amp  amp  and    are logical operators that can operate only on Boolean arguments   In many languages  if both arguments are Boolean  the key difference is that the logical operators will perform short circuit evaluation and not evaluate the second argument if the first argument is enough to determine the answer  e g  in the case of  amp  amp   if the first argument is false  the second argument is irrelevant

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The instance in which you re using a single character  i e    or  amp   is a bitwise comparison of the results   As long as your language evaluates these expressions to a binary value  they should return the same results   As a best practice  however  you should use the logical operator as that s what you mean  I think

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The  amp  and   are usually bitwise operations   Where as  amp  amp  and    are usually logical operations   For comparison purposes  it s perfectly fine provided that everything returns either a 1 or a 0  Otherwise  it can return false positives  You should avoid this though to prevent hard to read bugs

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Assuming C  C    Java  JavaScript     and  amp  are bitwise operators while    and  amp  amp  are logical operators  Usually you d want to use    and  amp  amp  for if statements and loops and such  i e  for your examples above   The bitwise operators are for setting and checking bits within bitmasks

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