This is probably simpler than you're thinking:
int w = WIDTH_PX, h = HEIGHT_PX;
Bitmap.Config conf = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888; // see other conf types
Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, conf); // this creates a MUTABLE bitmap
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bmp);
// ready to draw on that bitmap through that canvas
Here's a series of tutorials I've found on the topic: Drawing with Canvas Series