How to clear the cache of nginx

Question

I use nginx to as the front server  I have modified the CSS files  but nginx is still serving the old ones   I have tried to restart nginx  to no success and I have Googled  but not found a valid way to clear it   Some articles say we can just delete the cache directory  var cache nginx  but there is no such directory on my server   What should I do now

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I run a very simple bash script which takes all of 10 seconds to do the job and sends me a mail when done      bin bash sudo service nginx stop sudo rm -rf  var cache nginx   sudo service nginx start   mail -s  Nginx Purged  me gmail com exit 0

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We have a very large nginx cache  gigabytes  that we occasionally need to wipe  I ve worked out a script that instantly clears the cache  as far as Nginx is concerned  and then removes the cache directory without starving the main application for disk I O   In summary    Move the cache folder to a new location  on the same filesystem    this doesn t disrupt any open file descriptors  Recreate the original cache folder  empty Reload Nginx  graceful reload  where nginx lets old workers finish in-progress requests  Remove old cached data   Here s the script  tailored to Ubuntu 16 04 LTS  with the cache located at  mnt nginx-cache      bin bash set -e  TMPCACHE  mktemp --directory --tmpdir  mnt nginx-cache-XXXXXXXXXX  TMPTEMP  mktemp --directory --tmpdir  mnt nginx-temp-XXXXXXXXXX     Move the old cache folders out of the way mv  mnt nginx-cache  TMPCACHE mkdir -p  mnt nginx-cache chmod -R 775  mnt nginx-cache chown www-data www-data  mnt nginx-cache  mv  mnt nginx-temp  TMPTEMP mkdir -p  mnt nginx-temp chmod -R 775  mnt nginx-temp chown www-data www-data  mnt nginx-temp    Tell Nginx about the new folders  service nginx reload    Create an empty folder  rm -rf  mnt empty mkdir -p  mnt empty    Remove the old cache and old temp folders w o thrashing the disk      See http   serverfault com questions 546177 how-to-keep-subtree-removal-rm-rf-from-starving-other-processes-for-disk-i   Note  the  ionice  and  nice  may not actually do much  but why not  ionice -c 3 nice -19 rsync -a --delete  mnt empty   TMPCACHE ionice -c 3 nice -19 rsync -a --delete  mnt empty   TMPTEMP rm -rf  TMPCACHE rm -rf  TMPTEMP  rm -rf  mnt empty   And in case it s helpful  here s the Nginx config we use   upstream myapp       server localhost 1337 fail timeout 0     proxy cache path  mnt nginx-cache app levels 2 2 2 keys zone app cache 100m inactive 1y max size 10g  proxy temp path   mnt nginx-temp app   server       listen   4316 default      server name  myapp com       location             proxy pass http   appserv          proxy cache app cache          proxy cache valid 200 1y          proxy cache valid 404 1m

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In my case  touch that Css file  make it looks like resources changed  actually touch does nothing to the file  except change last modify time   so browser and nginx will apply latest resources

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You can also bypass re-cache on a file by file basis using   proxy cache bypass  http secret header    and as a bonus you can return this header to see if you got it from the cache  will return  HIT   or from the content server  will return  BYPASS     add header X-Cache-Status  upstream cache status    to expire refresh the cached file  use curl or any rest client to make a request to the cached page   curl http   abcdomain com mypage html -s -I -H  secret-header true    this will return a fresh copy of the item and it will also replace what s in cache

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There are already a lot of answers out there but I think I have a useful addition  I m running a Homestead box with Hyper-V and I had a laravel project up and running on nginx  I didn t have a cache in my nginx folder in  etc  When i visited my website  I was getting server old views and css files  What solved it for me after searching a wasting a lot of time looking at my nginx config and trying things out was using PHP artisan  Run the following command in the folder where artisan is installed  root dir of laravel project   php artisan optimize clear this command clears all the caches  and when i refreshed my webpage  Finaly it updated with all the changes  Hope this helps stranded souls like me    EDIT  I would have posted this as a comment to one of the already existing answers if I had 50 reputation    I have only 43 so far

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There s two answers in this question    One for nginx as reverse cache Another for cleaning the browser cache by header input  this one     Use   expires modified  90d    E G     location          css js jpg gif png txt ico swf xml         access log off      root  path to htdocs      expires modified  90d

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For those who other solutions are not working  check if you re using a DNS service like CloudFlare  In that case activate the  Development Mode  or use the  Purge Cache  tool

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You can add configuration in nginx conf like the following       http   proxy cache path   tmp nginx cache levels 1 2 keys zone my-test-cache 8m max size 5000m inactive 300m   server       proxy set header X- Real-IP  remote addr      proxy set header X-Forwarded-For  proxy add x forwarded for      proxy set header Host  http host      proxy cache my-test-cache      proxy cache valid  200 302  1m      proxy cache valid  404      60m      proxy cache use stale   error timeout invalid header updating      proxy redirect off                      From above  a folder named  nginx cache  is dynamicly created in  tmp  to store cached content

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Please take note that proxy cache bypass can give you a world of hurt if your app doesn t return a cacheable response for that specific request where you trigger it   If for example your app sends a cookie with every first request  then a script which triggers proxy pass bypass via curl will probably get that cookie in the answer  and nginx will not use that response to refresh the cached item

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On my server  the nginx cache folder is at  data nginx cache   So I removed it only  sudo rm -rf  data nginx cache   Hope this will help anyone

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You can delete cache directory of nginx or You can search specific file   grep -lr  http   mydomain pl css myedited css   var nginx cache     And delete only one file to nginx refresh them

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find  etc nginx cache folder -type d -exec rm -rvf       mkdir  etc nginx cache folder service nginx restart   Be careful to properly specify the correct path

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Unless you configured a cache zone via proxy cache path and then used it  for example in a location block   via  proxy cache nothing will get cached   If you did  however  then according to the author of nginx  simply removing all files from the cache directory is enough   Simplest way  find  path to your cache -type f -delete

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If you want to clear the cache of specific files then you can use the proxy cache bypass directive  This is how you do it  location         proxy cache bypass  cookie nocache  arg nocache                Now if you want bypass the cache you access the file by passing the nocache parameter   http   www example com app css nocache true

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I had the exact same problem - I was running my nginx in Virtualbox  I did not have caching turned on  But looks like sendfile was set to on in nginx conf and that was causing the problem   kolbyjack mentioned it above in the comments   When I turned off sendfile - it worked fine   This is because      Sendfile is used to    copy data between one file descriptor and another    and apparently has some real trouble when run in a virtual machine environment  or at least when run through Virtualbox  Turning this config off in nginx causes the static file to be served via a different method and your changes will be reflected immediately and without question   It is related to this bug  https   www virtualbox org ticket 12597

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We use nginx for caching lots of stuff  There are tens of thousands of items in the cache directory  To find items and delete them  we have developed some scripts to simplify this process  You can find link to the code repository containing these scripts below  https   github com zafergurel nginx-cache-cleaner The idea is simple  To create an index of the cache  with cache keys and corresponding cache files  and search within this index file  It really helped us to speed-up finding items  from minutes to sub-second  and delete them accordingly

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In my case it was the enabled opcache in  etc php 7 2 fpm php ini  Ubuntu    opcache enable 1   Setting it to 0 made the server loading the latest version of the  php files

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Well  in common cache problem situations  browser cached  proxy cached  web-server cached  you can use common known decision of cache problem of rare changing content like CSS or JS files - by adding an URI param to their links  not  lt link rel  quot stylesheet quot  type  quot text css quot  href  quot https   example com stacks css quot  gt  but  lt link rel  quot stylesheet quot  type  quot text css quot  href  quot https   example com stacks css v 3b16a418cc4c quot  gt  Like StackOverflow does too

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In my nginx install I found I had to go to    opt nginx cache   and  sudo rm -rf     in that directory  If you know the path to your nginx install and can find the cache directory the same may work for you  Be very careful with the rm -rf command  if you are in the wrong directory you could delete your entire hard drive

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I found this useful  grep -lr  jquery js   path to nginx cache folder     xargs rm   Search  and if found then delete

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For those who have tried deleting the nginx cache files  and either it hasn t worked or has worked intermittently  have a look at your setting for open file cache  If this is enabled and configured to cache a file descriptor for a long time  then Nginx may still see a version of the cached file  even after you ve deleted it from disk  I had to reduce open file cache valid to 1s  I m not certain if this is essentially the same as disabling the file cache completely

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I had this problem also     Could not find any nginx cache folder sendfile was off   My domain uses cloudflare com for DNS  great service    Aha  There it was   cloudflare com -  caching -  Purge Cache  I purged everything   That solved my problem

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I was experiencing a kind of similar issue   System setup and Problem   On a virtualbox I m web hosting using ubuntu and nginx - PHP webpage refreshes did not reflect changes to external css file   I m developing website on windows machine and transferring files to nginx via shared folder  It seems nginx does not pick up changes to css file  refreshing in any fashion does not help  Changing css file name is only thing that worked   Solution  On VM find shared file  css file in my case   Open with nano and compare to file in windows share  they appear identical   On VM save shared file with nano  All changes are now reflected in browser  Not sure why this works but it did in my case   UPDATE  After rebooting the VM server the problem returned  Following the instructions under Solution made the css responsive to updates again

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There is one right method to remove only cache-files  which matches any KEY  For example   grep -lr  KEY  yahoo   var lib nginx cache   xargs rm -rf   This removes all cache-files  which matches to KEY  yahoo     if in nginx conf was set   proxy cache key  host uri

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