[c#] How to mock static methods in c# using MOQ framework?

As mentioned in the other answers MOQ cannot mock static methods and, as a general rule, one should avoid statics where possible.

Sometimes it is not possible. One is working with legacy or 3rd party code or with even with the BCL methods that are static.

A possible solution is to wrap the static in a proxy with an interface which can be mocked

    public interface IFileProxy {
        void Delete(string path);
    }

    public class FileProxy : IFileProxy {
        public void Delete(string path) {
            System.IO.File.Delete(path);
        }
    }

    public class MyClass {

        private IFileProxy _fileProxy;

        public MyClass(IFileProxy fileProxy) {
            _fileProxy = fileProxy;
        }

        public void DoSomethingAndDeleteFile(string path) {
            // Do Something with file
            // ...
            // Delete
            System.IO.File.Delete(path);
        }

        public void DoSomethingAndDeleteFileUsingProxy(string path) {
            // Do Something with file
            // ...
            // Delete
            _fileProxy.Delete(path);

        }
    }

The downside is that the ctor can become very cluttered if there are a lot of proxies (though it could be argued that if there are a lot of proxies then the class may be trying to do too much and could be refactored)

Another possibility is to have a 'static proxy' with different implementations of the interface behind it

   public static class FileServices {

        static FileServices() {
            Reset();
        }

        internal static IFileProxy FileProxy { private get; set; }

        public static void Reset(){
           FileProxy = new FileProxy();
        }

        public static void Delete(string path) {
            FileProxy.Delete(path);
        }

    }

Our method now becomes

    public void DoSomethingAndDeleteFileUsingStaticProxy(string path) {
            // Do Something with file
            // ...
            // Delete
            FileServices.Delete(path);

    }

For testing, we can set the FileProxy property to our mock. Using this style reduces the number of interfaces to be injected but makes dependencies a bit less obvious (though no more so than the original static calls I suppose).

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