I came across a similar situation after publishing a ClickOnce application, and one of my colleagues on a different domain reported that it fails to launch.
To find out what was going on, I added a try catch statement inside the MainWindow method as @BradleyDotNET mentioned in one comment on the original post, and then published again.
public MainWindow()
{
try
{
InitializeComponent();
}
catch (Exception exc)
{
MessageBox.Show(exc.ToString());
}
}
Then my colleague reported to me the exception detail, and it was a missing reference of a third party framework dll file.
Added the reference and problem solved.