If you get a model instance from the database, then calling the save method will always update that instance. For example:
t = TemperatureData.objects.get(id=1)
t.value = 999 # change field
t.save() # this will update only
If your goal is prevent any INSERTs, then you can override the save
method, test if the primary key exists and raise an exception. See the following for more detail: