How to pass an array into a SQL Server stored procedure?
For example, I have a list of employees. I want to use this list as a table and join it with another table. But the list of employees should be passed as parameter from C#.
This question is related to
c#
sql-server
tsql
stored-procedures
CREATE TYPE dumyTable
AS TABLE
(
RateCodeId int,
RateLowerRange int,
RateHigherRange int,
RateRangeValue int
);
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE spInsertRateRanges
@dt AS dumyTable READONLY
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
INSERT tblRateCodeRange(RateCodeId,RateLowerRange,RateHigherRange,RateRangeValue)
SELECT *
FROM @dt
END
I've been searching through all the examples and answers of how to pass any array to sql server without the hassle of creating new Table type,till i found this linK, below is how I applied it to my project:
--The following code is going to get an Array as Parameter and insert the values of that --array into another table
Create Procedure Proc1
@UserId int, //just an Id param
@s nvarchar(max) //this is the array your going to pass from C# code to your Sproc
AS
declare @xml xml
set @xml = N'<root><r>' + replace(@s,',','</r><r>') + '</r></root>'
Insert into UserRole (UserID,RoleID)
select
@UserId [UserId], t.value('.','varchar(max)') as [RoleId]
from @xml.nodes('//root/r') as a(t)
END
Hope you enjoy it
This will help you. :) Follow the next steps,
Copy Paste the Following code as it is,it will create the Function which convert the String to Int
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.SplitInts
(
@List VARCHAR(MAX),
@Delimiter VARCHAR(255)
)
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN ( SELECT Item = CONVERT(INT, Item) FROM
( SELECT Item = x.i.value('(./text())[1]', 'varchar(max)')
FROM ( SELECT [XML] = CONVERT(XML, '<i>'
+ REPLACE(@List, @Delimiter, '</i><i>') + '</i>').query('.')
) AS a CROSS APPLY [XML].nodes('i') AS x(i) ) AS y
WHERE Item IS NOT NULL
);
GO
Create the Following stored procedure
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.sp_DeleteMultipleId
@List VARCHAR(MAX)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DELETE FROM TableName WHERE Id IN( SELECT Id = Item FROM dbo.SplitInts(@List, ','));
END
GO
Execute this SP Using exec sp_DeleteId '1,2,3,12'
this is a string of Id's which you want to delete,
You convert your array to string in C# and pass it as a Stored Procedure parameter
int[] intarray = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
string[] result = intarray.Select(x=>x.ToString()).ToArray();
SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand();
command.Connection = connection;
command.CommandText = "sp_DeleteMultipleId";
command.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
command.Parameters.Add("@Id",SqlDbType.VARCHAR).Value=result ;
This will delete multiple rows, All the best
You need to pass it as an XML parameter.
Edit: quick code from my project to give you an idea:
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetArrivalsReport]
@DateTimeFrom AS DATETIME,
@DateTimeTo AS DATETIME,
@HostIds AS XML(xsdArrayOfULong)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @hosts TABLE (HostId BIGINT)
INSERT INTO @hosts
SELECT arrayOfUlong.HostId.value('.','bigint') data
FROM @HostIds.nodes('/arrayOfUlong/u') as arrayOfUlong(HostId)
Then you can use the temp table to join with your tables. We defined arrayOfUlong as a built in XML schema to maintain data integrity, but you don't have to do that. I'd recommend using it so here's a quick code for to make sure you always get an XML with longs.
IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.xml_schema_collections WHERE name = 'xsdArrayOfULong')
BEGIN
CREATE XML SCHEMA COLLECTION [dbo].[xsdArrayOfULong]
AS N'<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xs:element name="arrayOfUlong">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded"
name="u"
type="xs:unsignedLong" />
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:schema>';
END
GO
As others have noted above, one way to do this is to convert your array to a string and then split the string inside SQL Server.
As of SQL Server 2016, there's a built-in way to split strings called
STRING_SPLIT()
It returns a set of rows that you can insert into your temp table (or real table).
DECLARE @str varchar(200)
SET @str = "123;456;789;246;22;33;44;55;66"
SELECT value FROM STRING_SPLIT(@str, ';')
would yield:
value ----- 123 456 789 246 22 33 44 55 66
If you want to get fancier:
DECLARE @tt TABLE (
thenumber int
)
DECLARE @str varchar(200)
SET @str = "123;456;789;246;22;33;44;55;66"
INSERT INTO @tt
SELECT value FROM STRING_SPLIT(@str, ';')
SELECT * FROM @tt
ORDER BY thenumber
would give you the same results as above (except the column name is "thenumber"), but sorted. You can use the table variable like any other table, so you can easily join it with other tables in the DB if you want.
Note that your SQL Server install has to be at compatibility level 130 or higher in order for the STRING_SPLIT()
function to be recognized. You can check your compatibility level with the following query:
SELECT compatibility_level
FROM sys.databases WHERE name = 'yourdatabasename';
Most languages (including C#) have a "join" function you can use to create a string from an array.
int[] myarray = {22, 33, 44};
string sqlparam = string.Join(";", myarray);
Then you pass sqlparam
as your parameter to the stored procedure above.
Context is always important, such as the size and complexity of the array. For small to mid-size lists, several of the answers posted here are just fine, though some clarifications should be made:
text()
XML function. For more info (i.e. performance analysis) on using XML to split lists, check out "Using XML to pass lists as parameters in SQL Server" by Phil Factor.DataTable
means duplicating the data in memory as it is copied from the original collection. Hence using the DataTable
method of passing in TVPs does not work well for larger sets of data (i.e. does not scale well).DataTable
TVP method, XML does not scale well as it more than doubles the datasize in memory as it needs to additionally account for the overhead of the XML document.With all of that said, IF the data you are using is large or is not very large yet but consistently growing, then the IEnumerable
TVP method is the best choice as it streams the data to SQL Server (like the DataTable
method), BUT doesn't require any duplication of the collection in memory (unlike any of the other methods). I posted an example of the SQL and C# code in this answer:
Based on my experience, by creating a delimited expression from the employeeIDs, there is a tricky and nice solution for this problem. You should only create an string expression like ';123;434;365;'
in-which 123
, 434
and 365
are some employeeIDs. By calling the below procedure and passing this expression to it, you can fetch your desired records. Easily you can join the "another table" into this query. This solution is suitable in all versions of SQL server. Also, in comparison with using table variable or temp table, it is very faster and optimized solution.
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.DoSomethingOnSomeEmployees @List AS varchar(max)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT EmployeeID
FROM EmployeesTable
-- inner join AnotherTable on ...
where @List like '%;'+cast(employeeID as varchar(20))+';%'
END
GO
Use a table-valued parameter for your stored procedure.
When you pass it in from C# you'll add the parameter with the data type of SqlDb.Structured.
See here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb675163.aspx
Example:
// Assumes connection is an open SqlConnection object.
using (connection)
{
// Create a DataTable with the modified rows.
DataTable addedCategories =
CategoriesDataTable.GetChanges(DataRowState.Added);
// Configure the SqlCommand and SqlParameter.
SqlCommand insertCommand = new SqlCommand(
"usp_InsertCategories", connection);
insertCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
SqlParameter tvpParam = insertCommand.Parameters.AddWithValue(
"@tvpNewCategories", addedCategories);
tvpParam.SqlDbType = SqlDbType.Structured;
// Execute the command.
insertCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
It took me a long time to figure this out, so in case anyone needs it...
This is based on the SQL 2005 method in Aaron's answer, and using his SplitInts function (I just removed the delim param since I'll always use commas). I'm using SQL 2008 but I wanted something that works with typed datasets (XSD, TableAdapters) and I know string params work with those.
I was trying to get his function to work in a "where in (1,2,3)" type clause, and having no luck the straight-forward way. So I created a temp table first, and then did an inner join instead of the "where in". Here is my example usage, in my case I wanted to get a list of recipes that don't contain certain ingredients:
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.SOExample1
(
@excludeIngredientsString varchar(MAX) = ''
)
AS
/* Convert string to table of ints */
DECLARE @excludeIngredients TABLE (ID int)
insert into @excludeIngredients
select ID = Item from dbo.SplitInts(@excludeIngredientsString)
/* Select recipies that don't contain any ingredients in our excluded table */
SELECT r.Name, r.Slug
FROM Recipes AS r LEFT OUTER JOIN
RecipeIngredients as ri inner join
@excludeIngredients as ei on ri.IngredientID = ei.ID
ON r.ID = ri.RecipeID
WHERE (ri.RecipeID IS NULL)
There is no support for array in sql server but there are several ways by which you can pass collection to a stored proc .
The below link may help you
Source: Stackoverflow.com