gcc g No such file or directory

Question

g   gives me errors of the form   foo cc  lt line gt   lt column gt   fatal error   lt bar gt   No such file or directory compilation terminated    It is the same when compiling C-programs with gcc   Why is that     Please note  This question has been asked many times before  but each time it was specific to the askers situation  This question s purpose is to have a question that others can be closed as duplicates of  once and for all  a FAQ

User · Answer

this works for me  sudo apt-get install libx11-dev

User · Answer

Your compiler just tried to compile the file named foo cc  Upon hitting line number line  the compiler finds    include  bar    or   include  lt bar gt    The compiler then tries to find that file  For this  it uses a set of directories to look into  but within this set  there is no file bar  For an explanation of the difference between the versions of the include statement look here   How to tell the compiler where to find it  g   has an option -I  It lets you add include search paths to the command line  Imagine that your file bar is in a folder named frobnicate  relative to foo cc  assume you are compiling from the directory where foo cc is located    g   -Ifrobnicate foo cc   You can add more include-paths  each you give is relative to the current directory  Microsoft s compiler has a correlating option  I that works in the same way  or in Visual Studio  the folders can be set in the Property Pages of the Project  under Configuration Properties- C C  - General- Additional Include Directories     Now imagine you have multiple version of bar in different folders  given        A bar  include lt string gt  std  string which     return  A bar            B bar  include lt string gt  std  string which     return  B bar            C bar  include lt string gt  std  string which     return  C bar            foo cc  include  bar   include  lt iostream gt   int main          std  cout  lt  lt  which    lt  lt  std  endl        The priority with  include  bar  is leftmost     g   -IA -IB -IC foo cc     a out A bar   As you see  when the compiler started looking through A   B  and C   it stopped at the first or leftmost hit   This is true of both forms  include  lt  gt  and incude      Difference between  include  lt bar gt  and  include  bar   Usually  the  include  lt xxx gt  makes it look into system folders first  the  include  xxx  makes it look into the current or custom folders first   E g    Imagine you have the following files in your project folder   list main cc   with main cc    include  list         For this  your compiler will  include the file list in your project folder  because it currently compiles main cc and there is that file list in the current folder   But with main cc    include  lt list gt         and then g   main cc  your compiler will look into the system folders first  and because  lt list gt  is a standard header  it will  include the file named list that comes with your C   platform as part of the standard library   This is all a bit simplified  but should give you the basic idea   Details on  lt  gt    -priorities and -I  According to the gcc-documentation  the priority for include  lt  gt  is  on a  normal Unix system   as follows     usr local include  libdir gcc target version include   usr target include   usr include      For C   programs  it will also look in  usr include c   version  first  In the above  target is the canonical name of the system GCC was configured to compile code for            The documentation also states      You can add to this list with the -Idir command line option  All the directories named by -I are searched  in left-to-right order  before the default directories  The only exception is when dir is already searched by default  In this case  the option is ignored and the search order for system directories remains unchanged     To continue our  include lt list gt     include list  example  same code    g   -I  main cc   and   include lt list gt  int main      std  list lt int gt  l      and indeed  the -I  prioritizes the folder   over the system includes and we get a compiler error

[c++] gcc/g++: "No such file or directory"

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