[database] How to change Oracle default data pump directory to import dumpfile?

I'm using impdp to import a backup. But I want change default directory dumpfile.

$ impdp system/password@$ORACLE_SID schemas=USER_SCHEMA dumpfile=mydumpfile.dmp logfile=impdpmydumpfile.log

Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Mar 16 09:32:05 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
ORA-39001: invalid argument value
ORA-39000: bad dump file specification
ORA-31640: unable to open dump file "/u01/app/oracle/admin/mydatabase/dpdump/mydumpfile.dmp" for read
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

use DIRECTORY option.

Documentation here: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e22490/dp_import.htm#SUTIL907

  DIRECTORY

  Default: DATA_PUMP_DIR

  Purpose

  Specifies the default location in which the import job can find the dump file set and where it should create log and SQL files.

  Syntax and Description

  DIRECTORY=directory_object
  The directory_object is the name of a database directory object (not the file path of an actual directory). Upon installation, privileged users have access to a default directory object named DATA_PUMP_DIR. Users with access to the default DATA_PUMP_DIR directory object do not need to use the DIRECTORY parameter at all.

  A directory object specified on the DUMPFILE, LOGFILE, or SQLFILE parameter overrides any directory object that you specify for the DIRECTORY parameter. You must have Read access to the directory used for the dump file set and Write access to the directory used to create the log and SQL files.

  Example

  The following is an example of using the DIRECTORY parameter. You can create the expfull.dmp dump file used in this example by running the example provided for the Export FULL parameter. See "FULL".

  > impdp hr DIRECTORY=dpump_dir1 DUMPFILE=expfull.dmp 
  LOGFILE=dpump_dir2:expfull.log
  This command results in the import job looking for the expfull.dmp dump file in the directory pointed to by the dpump_dir1 directory object. The dpump_dir2 directory object specified on the LOGFILE parameter overrides the DIRECTORY parameter so that the log file is written to dpump_dir2.

You can use the following command to update the DATA PUMP DIRECTORY path,

create or replace directory DATA_PUMP_DIR as '/u01/app/oracle/admin/MYDB/dpdump/';

For me data path correction was required as I have restored the my database from production to test environment.

Same command can be used to create a new DATA PUMP DIRECTORY name and path.

I want change default directory dumpfile.

You could create a new directory and give it required privileges, for example:

SQL> CREATE DIRECTORY dmpdir AS '/opt/oracle';
Directory created.

SQL> GRANT read, write ON DIRECTORY dmpdir TO scott;
Grant succeeded.

To use the newly created directory, you could just add it as a parameter:

DIRECTORY=dmpdir

Oracle introduced a default directory from 10g R2, called DATA_PUMP_DIR, that can be used. To check the location, you could look into dba_directories:

SQL> select DIRECTORY_NAME, DIRECTORY_PATH from dba_directories where DIRECTORY_NAME = 'DATA_PUMP_DIR';

DIRECTORY_NAME       DIRECTORY_PATH
-------------------- --------------------------------------------------
DATA_PUMP_DIR        C:\app\Lalit/admin/orcl/dpdump/

SQL>