It only seems to because that is what it is printing out. But actually, you shouldn't write the logic this way. This is equivalent:
insert into errortable (dateupdated, table1id)
values (sysdate, 1083);
It seems silly to convert the system date to a string just to convert it back to a date.
If you want to see the full date, then you can do:
select TO_CHAR(dateupdated, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'), table1id
from errortable;