I have a WordPress database on my local machine that I want to transfer to a hosted phpMyAdmin on cPanel. However, when I try to import the database into the environment, I keep getting this error:
#1273 - Unknown collation: 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci'
I have tried to Google around and the only solution I can find is this one phpmysql error - #1273 - #1273 - Unknown collation: 'utf8mb4_general_ci' which as by now isn't much help. I have tried clearing the cookies but it still won't work. Please help!
This question is related to
mysql
wordpress
phpmyadmin
cpanel
i use this in linux :
sed -i 's/utf8mb4/utf8/g' your_file.sql
sed -i 's/utf8_unicode_ci/utf8_general_ci/g' your_file.sql
sed -i 's/utf8_unicode_520_ci/utf8_general_ci/g' your_file.sql
then restore your_file.sql
mysql -u yourdBUser -p yourdBPasswd yourdB < your_file.sql
If you are using PHP7, then you would need a PHP script like this one in order to migrate your collation:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>DB-Convert</title>
<style>
body { font-family:"Courier New", Courier, monospace; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Convert your Database to utf8_general_ci!</h1>
<form action="db-convert.php" method="post">
dbname: <input type="text" name="dbname"><br>
dbuser: <input type="text" name="dbuser"><br>
dbpass: <input type="text" name="dbpassword"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
<?php
if ($_POST) {
$dbname = $_POST['dbname'];
$dbuser = $_POST['dbuser'];
$dbpassword = $_POST['dbpassword'];
$mysqli = new mysqli('db',$dbuser,$dbpassword);
if ($mysqli -> connect_errno) {
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . $mysqli -> connect_error;
exit();
}
$mysqli -> select_db($dbname);
$result= $mysqli->query('show tables');
while($tables = $result->fetch_array) {
foreach ($tables as $key => $value) {
$mysqli->query("ALTER TABLE $value CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci");
}}
echo "<script>alert('The collation of your database has been successfully changed!');</script>";
}
?>
The easiest way to do is export your database to .sql, open it on Notepad++ and "Search and Replace" the utf8mb4_unicode_ci to utf8_unicode_ci and also replace utf8mb4 to utf8. Also don't forget to change the database collation to utf8_unicode_ci (Operations > Collation).
After the long time research i have found the solution for above:
Firstly you change the wp-config.php> Database DB_CHARSET default to "utf8"
Click the "Export" tab for the database
Click the "Custom" radio button
Go the section titled "Format-specific options" and change the dropdown for "Database system or older MySQL server to maximize output compatibility with:" from NONE to MYSQL40.
Scroll to the bottom and click go
Then you are on.
If you have already exported a .sql file, the best thing to do is to Find and Replace the following if you have them in your file:
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci to utf8_unicode_ciutf8mb4 to utf8utf8_unicode_520_ci to utf8_unicode_ciIt will replace utf8mb4_unicode_ci to utf8_unicode_ci. Now you go to your phpMyAdmin cPanel and set the DB collation to utf8_unicode_ci through Operations > Collation.
If you are exporting to a .sql, it's better to change the format on how you're exporting the file. Check out Evster's anwer (it's in the same page as this)
So I solved in this way, from MySQL 5.6 to MySQL 5.5:
$ mysqldump -u username -p --compatible=mysql4 database_name > database_name.sql
$ sed -i 's/TYPE=InnoDB/ENGINE=InnoDB/g' database_name.sql
(Optional) Create a .sql.gz file:
$ gzip database_name.sql
$ mysqldump -u username -p --compatible=mysql4 database_name > database_name.sql
As explained in this answer, this is just the equivalent of this options from phpMyAdmin: "Database system or older MySQL server to maximize output compatibility with:" dropdown select "MYSQL 40".
$ sed -i 's/TYPE=InnoDB/ENGINE=InnoDB/g' database_name.sql
We needs this, to solve this issue:
ERROR 1064 (42000) at line 18: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'TYPE=InnoDB' at line 9
In my case it turns out my
new server was running MySQL 5.5,
old server was running MySQL 5.6.
So I got this error when trying to import the .sql file I'd exported from my old server.
MySQL 5.5 does not support utf8mb4_unicode_520_ci, but
MySQL 5.6 does.
Updating to MySQL 5.6 on the new server solved collation the error !
If you want to retain MySQL 5.5, you can:
- make a copy of your exported .sql file
- replace instances of utf8mb4unicode520_ci and utf8mb4_unicode_520_ci
...with utf8mb4_unicode_ci
- import your updated .sql file.
I also experienced this issue. Solution which worked for me was opening local database with Sequel Pro and update Encoding and Collation to utf8/utf8_bin for each table before importing.
Wordpress 4.2 introduced support for "utf8mb4" character encoding for security reasons, but only MySQL 5.5.3 and greater support it. The way the installer (and updater) handles this is that it checks your MySQL version and your database will be upgraded to utfmb4 only if it's supported.
This sounds great in theory but the problem (as you've discovered) is when you are migrating databases from a MySQL server that supports utf8mb4 to one that doesn't. While the other way around should work, it's basically a one-way operation.
As pointed out by Evster you might have success using PHPMYAdmin's "Export" feature. Use "Export Method: Custom" and for the "Database system or older MySQL server to maximize output compatibility with:" dropdown select "MYSQL 40".
For a command line export using mysqldump. Have a look at the flag:
$ mysqldump --compatible=mysql4
Note: If there are any 4-byte characters in the database they will be corrupted.
Lastly, for anyone using the popular WP Migrate DB PRO plugin, a user in this Wordpress.org thread reports that the migration is always handled properly but I wasn't able to find anything official.
The WP Migrate DB plugin translates the database from one collation to the other when it moves 4.2 sites between hosts with pre- or post-5.5.3 MySQL
At this time, there doesn't appear to be a way to opt out of the database update. So if you are using a workflow where you are migrating a site from a server or localhost with MySQL > 5.5.3 to one that uses an older MySQL version you might be out of luck.
Seems like your host does not provide a MySQL-version which is capable to run tables with utf8mb4 collation.
The WordPress tables were changed to utf8mb4 with Version 4.2 (released on April, 23rd 2015) to support Emojis, but you need MySQL 5.5.3 to use it. 5.5.3. is from March 2010, so it should normally be widely available. Cna you check if your hoster provides that version?
If not, and an upgrade is not possible, you might have to look out for another hoster to run the latest WordPress versions (and you should always do that for security reasons).
open the sql file on Notepad++ and ctrl + H.
Then you put "utf8mb4" on search and "utf8" on replace.
The issue will be fixed then.
There is a line in wp-config.php:
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8mb4');
If you follow Markouver's / Evster's instructions, don't forget to change this line on production server to
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');
in order to fix broken 4-byte characters
The technique in this post worked for me
1) Click the "Export" tab for the database
2) Click the "Custom" radio button
3) Go the section titled "Format-specific options" and change the dropdown for "Database system or older MySQL server to maximize output compatibility with:" from NONE to MYSQL40.
4) Scroll to the bottom and click "GO".
I'm not certain if doing this causes any data loss, however in the one time I've tried it I did not notice any. Neither did anyone who responded in the forums linked to above.
Edit 8/12/16 - I believe exporting a database in this way causes me to lose data saved in Black Studio TinyMCE Visual Editor widgets, though I haven't ran multiple tests to confirm.
Source: Stackoverflow.com