Compiling Executing a C Source File in Command Prompt

Question

How do you compile and execute a  cs file from a command-prompt window

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In Windows systems  use the command csc  lt filname gt  cs in the command prompt while the current directory is in Microsoft Visual Studio  lt Year   lt Version    There are two ways   Using the command prompt    Start --  Command Prompt Change the directory to Visual Studio folder  using the command  cd C  Program Files  x86  Microsoft Visual Studio 2017   lt Version  Use the command  csc   cs   Using Developer Command Prompt     Start --  Developer Command Prompt for VS 2017  Here the directory is already set to Visual Studio folder  Use the command  csc   cs   Hope it helps

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While it is definitely a good thing knowing how to build at the command line  for most work it might be easier to use an IDE  The C  express edition is free and very good for the money  -p  Alternatively  things like snippy can be used to run fragments of C  code   Finally - note that the command line is implementation specific  for MS  it is csc  for mono  it is gmcs and friends     Likewise  to execute  it is just  exename  for the MS version  but typically  mono exename  for mono   Finally  many projects are build with build script tools  MSBuild  NAnt  etc

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Another way to compile C  programs  without using Visual Studio or without having it installed   is to create a user variable in environment variables  namely  PATH    Copy the following path in this variable    C  Windows Microsoft NET Framework v4 0 30319   or depending upon which  NET your PC have   So you don t have to mention the whole path every time you compile a code  Simply use   C  Users UserName Desktop csc  options  filename cs   or wherever the path of your code is   Now you are good to go

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Add to path  C  Windows Microsoft NET Framework v3 5   To Compile   csc file cs   To Execute   file

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C  Program Files  x86  Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 Professional MSBuild 15 0 Bin Roslyn  this is where you can find the c  compiler that supports  c 7 otherwise it will use the  net 4 compilers which supports only c  5

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Here is how to install MSBuild with standalone C  7 0 compiler which is no longer bundled in the latest  Net Framework 4 7   Is it possible to install a C  compiler without Visual Studio   Then just run   C  Program Files  x86  Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 BuildTools MSBuild 15 0 Bin Roslyn csc exe  MyApplication cs  to compile single source file to executable   Also note that  Net Core doesn t support compiling single source file without preconfigured project

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I have written a batch file CompileCS cmd which allows to compile  and optionally run  a C  file  you can find the complete answer including the batch program  CompileCS  here   Its usage is simple      CompileCS  run GetDotNetVersion cs arg1       arg9    will compile and run GetDotNetVersion cs - if you just want to compile it  omit the  run parameter   The console application GetDotNetVersion cs is taken from this answer

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If you have installed Visual Studio then you have Developer Command Prompt for VS  You can easily build your program using csc command and run your application with the name of the application inside the developer command prompt   You can open Developer command prompt as given below   Start    Developer Command Prompt for VS   Hope this helps

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LinqPad is a quick way to test out some C  code  and its free

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You can build your class files within the VS Command prompt  so that all required environment variables are loaded   not the default Windows command window   To know more about command line building with csc exe  the compiler   see this article

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You can compile a C  program    c    csc Hello cs  You can run the program  c    Hello

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Microsoft has moved its compiler to Github  ofcourse    https   github com dotnet roslyn

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For the latest version  first open a Powershell window  go to any folder  e g  c  projects   and run the following    Get nuget exe command line wget https   dist nuget org win-x86-commandline latest nuget exe -OutFile nuget exe    Download the C  Roslyn compiler  just a few megs  no need to  install     nuget exe install Microsoft Net Compilers    Compiler  meet code   Microsoft Net Compilers 1 3 2 tools csc exe   HelloWorld cs    Run it   HelloWorld exe       An example HelloWorld cs  using System   public class HelloWorld       public static void Main                  Console WriteLine  Hello world               You can also try the new C  interpreter        Microsoft Net Compilers 1 3 2 tools csi exe  gt  Console WriteLine  Hello world     Hello world

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Once you write the c  code and save it  You can use the command prompt to execute it just like the other code   In command prompt you enter the directory your file is in and type  To Compile   mcs yourfilename cs   To Execute    mono yourfilename exe    if you want your  exe file to be different with a different name  type  To Compile    mcs yourfilename cs -out anyname exe    To Execute    mono anyname exe    This should help

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CSC exe is the CSharp compiler included in the  NET Framework and can be used to compile from the command prompt   The output can be an executable   exe   if you use   target exe   or a DLL  If you use  target library  CSC exe is found in the  NET Framework directory    e g  for  NET 3 5  c  windows Microsoft NET Framework v3 5     To run  first  open a command prompt  click  Start   then type cmd exe  You may then have to cd into the directory that holds your source files    Run the C  compiler like this       c  windows Microsoft NET Framework v3 5 bin csc exe               t exe  out MyApplication exe MyApplication cs         all on one line    If you have more than one source module to be compiled  you can put it on that same command line   If you have other assemblies to reference  use  r AssemblyName dll    Ensure you have a static Main   method defined in one of your classes  to act as the  entry point    To run the resulting EXE  type MyApplication  followed by  lt ENTER gt  using the command prompt    This article on MSDN goes into more detail on the options for the command-line compiler   You can embed resources  set icons  sign assemblies - everything you could do within Visual Studio    If you have Visual Studio installed  in the  Start menu   under Visual Studio Tools  you can open a  Visual Studio command prompt   that will set up all required environment and path variables for command line compilation   While it s very handy to know of this  you should combine it with knowledge of some sort of build tool such as NAnt  MSBuild  FinalBuilder etc   These tools provide a complete build environment  not just the basic compiler   On a Mac  On a Mac  syntax is similar  only C sharp Compiler is just named csc     csc  target exe  out MyApplication exe MyApplication cs       Then to run it      mono MyApplication exe

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